[Congressional Record Volume 169, Number 79 (Wednesday, May 10, 2023)] [House] [Pages H2183-H2194] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF H.R. 2, SECURE THE BORDER ACT OF 2023; PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF H.R. 1163, PROTECTING TAXPAYERS AND VICTIMS OF UNEMPLOYMENT FRAUD ACT Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 383 and ask for its immediate consideration. [[Page H2184]] The Clerk read the resolution, as follows: H. Res. 383 Resolved, That upon adoption of this resolution it shall be in order to consider in the House the bill (H.R. 2) to secure the borders of the United States, and for other purposes. All points of order against consideration of the bill are waived. The bill shall be considered as read. All points of order against provisions in the bill are waived. The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the bill and on any amendment thereto to final passage without intervening motion except: (1) five hours of debate, with two hours equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on Homeland Security or their respective designees, two hours equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on the Judiciary or their respective designees, and one hour equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs or their respective designees; and (2) one motion to recommit. Sec. 2. Upon adoption of this resolution it shall be in order to consider in the House the bill (H.R. 1163) to provide incentives for States to recover fraudulently paid Federal and State unemployment compensation, and for other purposes. All points of order against consideration of the bill are waived. The amendment in the nature of a substitute recommended by the Committee on Ways and Means now printed in the bill, modified by the amendment printed in the report of the Committee on Rules accompanying this resolution, shall be considered as adopted. The bill, as amended, shall be considered as read. All points of order against provisions in the bill, as amended, are waived. The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the bill, as amended, and on any further amendment thereto, to final passage without intervening motion except: (1) one hour of debate equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on Ways and Means or their respective designees; and (2) one motion to recommit. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Texas is recognized for 1 hour. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, for the purpose of debate only, I yield the customary 30 minutes to the gentlewoman from Pennsylvania (Ms. Scanlon), pending which I yield myself such time as I may consume. During consideration of this resolution, all time yielded is for the purpose of debate only. General Leave Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their remarks. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Texas? There was no objection. {time} 1615 Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, we have a crisis at our southern border that has captured the attention of the American people but has fallen on deaf ears among my colleagues on the other side of the aisle and, much more importantly, the President and the administration at the other end of Pennsylvania Avenue. Just yesterday, I received a text from multiple law enforcement officers along the southern border, whether it is with the Department of Public Safety from Texas or whether it is with Border Patrol. For example, this is a quote: As of last night, the radios went crazy for west and south Laredo, waves of folks, literally just group after group, bum-rushing the border. The agents were spread thin as hell. In my precinct, we are literally all doubled up because our units are breaking down every other day. Ranchers are calling every other day, stating there are folks on their property, but we can't get there fast enough. I hate to say this, but we are getting our rear-ends handed to us. I used to have patterns, trends, and knew the dropoff, pickup areas, but now it is an ``expletive'' free-for-all. Approximately 600 bodies at the gate just half a mile east from Yarbrough happening right now in El Paso. I have hundreds of these texts right now flooding into my phone, like every other Member of Congress, because what is happening is an abject failure at the border. It is a humanitarian crisis for Americans and for migrants. Mr. Speaker, 5 million have been encountered at the southern border, and 2 million have been released into the United States, incentivizing more to come. Over 1.5 million have evaded apprehension--i.e., got-aways evading detection from Border Patrol since the beginning of this administration. Fentanyl is pouring into our communities. Border Patrol has seized over 35,000 pounds of fentanyl. Just last Thursday morning, I met with three fentanyl moms out of dozens of moms that I met with because their children have died from fentanyl. Eight children in the school district in the county in which I reside southwest of Austin have died of fentanyl poisoning since last August. Over 10 have had to be resuscitated, revived with Narcan. Just last summer, 53 migrants were effectively cooked in a tractor- trailer in the hot Texas heat in San Antonio, Texas. Mr. Speaker, 856 dead migrant bodies were found along the Rio Grande, in south Texas, and on ranches. Little girls are sold into the sex trafficking trade, held in stash houses in Laredo, Brownsville, El Paso, San Antonio, Houston, and throughout this country. We know this to be true. It is documented to be true. Now, the administration can't even keep up with the children that we have, with 85,000, according to The New York Times, not able to be contacted. My colleagues just blindly wipe that away, saying: That is not true. It was a phone call. They didn't get them. They must be with a family member. What Member of this body would treat their child that way? Oh, I called and didn't get ahold of them. Oh, well. We do that with 85,000 children. I guess that is not nearly as effective as a photo op in white pantsuits sitting next to kids in cages, allegedly, despite that those cages were created by the previous administration specifically for the protection of children. Oh, no. It doesn't look as good to have a photo op when you have 85,000 missing children. Tomorrow, title 42 expires. Now, for the average American, title 42, they don't know what that is. What it is, is a part of our health code that allows us to say that we are going to turn people away in the middle of a pandemic. Yet, the administration has been using that as effectively their only means of managing the border, to the extent you can call it managing the border. In March, for example, there were approximately 200,000 apprehensions. We are going to blow right through that right now because we are at 10,000, 11,000, 12,000 apprehensions a day. When you add those 200,000 apprehensions, not even counting all the parole, half of those are being turned away under title 42. When title 42 expires tomorrow, more will come. There is an explosion at the border. None will be turned away because this administration has specifically chosen to ignore the law. This administration is refusing to do their job to defend the border of the United States. The least compassionate, the least Christian, the least empathetic thing that a country could do is to allow human beings to be used as political pawns by cartels for profit while Americans die by the thousands, while migrants get raped, abused, and put in stash houses by cartels for profit by the thousands, while migrants die along the southern border by the hundreds, if not the thousands now, while our own people get overrun on their own ranches. I sat and met with ranch owners in south Texas who had run across the dead body of a young woman, a mother with a baby, on their ranch. Imagine the most powerful Nation in the history of the world thinking it is compassionate to have a system that allows that. Yet, that is precisely what we do. Unfortunately, what my colleagues' response will be is, oh, we are going to have to do something about our immigration system and future flow in, figuring out what we are going to do to make sure that we reform immigration. Don't you know that if we had comprehensive immigration reform, this would all just magically evaporate? That is completely not true. The fact of the matter is, the starting point for any sensible border and immigration plan is a secure border in which you actually enforce the laws of the United States. Why? So people know what the rules are. We allow 600,000 to 1 million, 1.2 million, depending on the year, people to come into this country legally, as we should. Yes, we need to reform our immigration system, but none of it matters if [[Page H2185]] we are going to embrace lawlessness and wide-open borders and ignore the rule of law to the detriment of people and to the detriment of the very system that attracts people from around the world. We should be exporting the rule of law rather than importing lawlessness, fentanyl, death, and destruction. The legislation we have before us would be a giant step toward ensuring that we can hold this administration accountable to make sure that we secure our border, protect our citizens, and protect migrants who seek to come here. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Texas for yielding the customary 30 minutes, and I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, it is now after 4 o'clock in the afternoon. We were scheduled to be on the floor today around noon, but when I came to the floor prepared to debate this rule, we were told first to wait and then that the House would recess so the Republicans could go back behind closed doors to negotiate among themselves. This is becoming a pattern in this Congress. For the second session week in a row, the Rules Committee met far into the night and reported out completely closed rules that allow no amendments on the floor. Now, after Speaker McCarthy realized that he couldn't pass his own bill, he spent all day negotiating in secret to twist people's arms to get enough votes from his own party to get this bill or the rule passed on the floor. No one has seen what is coming out of the backroom deal today and allegedly moving to the floor under this very rule. This isn't how you run the people's House, although it is apparently how the new House majority runs the people's House--backroom deals that prioritize politics or policy over people. Turning to the matters at hand, this rule moves two bills to the floor. The first bill is H.R. 2, although, as mentioned, we still don't know what the final version of that bill will be. We should all be able to agree that immigration and border security present vast and complex issues. Despite my colleagues' pronouncements to the contrary, we all want a secure border that protects our national security, but we also need to address the realities of migration, the forces that are driving families, even young children, to flee their homes, and the serious workforce shortages confronting businesses in our country and elsewhere. Given the complexities of these issues, they require comprehensive and nuanced solutions. H.R. 2 is neither. It is a great example of the old adage: For every complex problem, there is a solution that is simple, clear, and wrong. During my legal career, I spent decades working on immigration cases and within our immigration system. I know it is underfunded and dysfunctional and has been for many years. We also know that American businesses, small and large, are asking for immigration reform so that they can hire the healthcare, agricultural, research, and food service workers they need. Solving these issues is not simple, but I am extremely disappointed that my Republican colleagues want to create more chaos by bringing an extremist, cruel, and completely unworkable bill to the floor today. The truth is, this isn't responsible or serious governance. Without any real proposal, my colleagues on the other side of the aisle resort to conspiracy theories, fact-free rhetoric, and political theater designed to stoke fear and chaos to distract from their lack of real solutions. We have seen how the failed and inhumane immigration policies of the prior administration weakened our economy, undermined our moral standing in the world, inflicted unimaginable cruelty upon defenseless migrant children, and did not make us any safer. However, Republican extremists want to take us back there again. Once more, they would rather fixate and waste American taxpayer dollars to build a wall that the experts, including Customs and Border Patrol, agree will not solve the issue. I must call out the dishonesty of claiming that families seeking legal asylum are a source of the very real scourge of fentanyl and other dangerous drug trafficking. We know from Customs and Border Patrol data that over 90 percent of fentanyl seizures occur at U.S. ports of entry in trucks or cargo ships, not in areas that a border wall might cover. Despite this fact, the bill fails to provide needed resources at ports of entry to fight fentanyl smuggling where it is actually happening. Just last month, House Republicans voted to cap nondefense discretionary funding, which, according to DHS, would result in the cutting of 2,400 Customs and Border Patrol officers and agents that do this work fighting the scourge of fentanyl. How can we begin to craft measures to address either the fentanyl crisis or humanitarian issues at our border if our Republican colleagues insist on starting from a place of misplaced blame and misguided policies? Additionally, this bill, or at least the most recent version of it that we have seen, enacts a nationwide E-Verify system without providing other reforms that give meaningful pathways for undocumented workers to legalize their status, which employers across this country are screaming for. In doing so, this provision has the potential to wipe out half of our agricultural workforce, cause huge disruptions in our Nation's food system, allow a mass offshoring of jobs, and sink American farms from California to Pennsylvania and throughout States across the Nation. This isn't the first Congress in which Republicans have tried to move forward on this E-Verify proposal. In every Congress, it faces opposition from the small business community, civil liberties groups, religious organizations, agricultural organizations and growers, privacy advocates, libertarian think tanks, and immigration reform groups because it fails to address our broken immigration system in a meaningful way. This time around is no different. H.R. 2 also bans Department of Homeland Security funding for critical nonprofit and religious partners that provide shelter, food, legal assistance, and other aid to vulnerable immigrants. That means a faith-based NGO that helps an Afghan refugee to find housing or gives support to a woman here on a U visa, a special status set aside for victims of crimes, will no longer get assistance to do that important work. How can our Republican colleagues say this bill is only about border security when it clearly and cruelly rips resources away from those in the country legally, too? When it comes to this bill, the immoral policies do not stop there. This legislation puts children in harm's way--the very ones the other side of the aisle claims they want to protect. Children come or are brought to the U.S. because the conditions in their home countries are so horrific, whether due to poverty, violence, corruption, or climate change and how it is destroying their way of life. This is a situation that has been building for decades, and H.R. 2 does nothing to address it. During my legal career, I represented many of those children, those who were orphaned, those who were fleeing gang violence, starvation, or abuse. If we really want to protect child victims of trafficking or children separated from their parents who arrive at our border, we don't limit their access to representation, as this bill does. We give them the tools to make the case that they are eligible to stay in this country, which a child simply cannot do unless they have a qualified attorney with them. {time} 1630 Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I have seen up close how important representation is to anyone trying to navigate our immigration system, but especially kids. When our colleagues say they want to send unaccompanied children home to safety, they are turning a blind eye to reality. The reality for most of these kids is there is no safe home. Their parents are dead or otherwise unavailable, and country conditions are so dangerous that the journey to our border is a safer alternative. This bill would expose children to the very harms and exploitation my Republican colleagues hollowly insist they want to prevent. In addition to [[Page H2186]] limiting children's access to counsel, the bill allows them to be jailed. It guts the protections of the Flores settlement agreement, which has governed the conditions of children held in government custody for 26 years. In doing so, the bill upends a carefully crafted system to minimize the detention of children due to the grave impact that it has on their physical and mental health. The evidence is clear: No amount of detention is safe for kids. Even a short period can cause long-term harm like psychological trauma and mental health risks. Despite knowing this, my Republican colleagues wrote a bill that allows the long-term detention of minors who arrive in the U.S. and that jails kids and their families indefinitely. I want to describe for a moment a tragic situation this bill creates. A mother and her child fleeing violence or starvation at home come to America in search of safety and legal asylum. When she finds the ports of entry are closed, which this bill would do, that mother takes her child and crosses between them. She then follows the rules and applies for asylum. To be clear, she is not a risk for flight or violence. Even so, this bill requires that she and her young child could be jailed for what could be years if she is prosecuted for the misdemeanor of unlawful entry, a result that is prohibited by current law and the Flores litigation. This legislation falsely states it is consistent with the Flores decision; although, it is clear that it is not, and that the Court has already ruled on that precise point. If my colleagues want to come together and meaningfully work on immigration reform, it can't start from a place of cruelty against the most vulnerable. Instead, we need to recognize both the horrific conditions that cause migrants to flee their homes and the meaningful contributions that immigrants make to our country and, critically, we must provide functioning pathways for people to enter the U.S. lawfully. Mr. Speaker, the second bill here is H.R. 1163. In addition to their misguided immigration plan, today House Republicans are bringing up a harmful bill that hinders antifraud programs, opens up new pathways to fraud in unemployment insurance programs, and opens workers up to surprise bills through no fault of their own. My colleagues want to attack unemployment insurance, a benefit that helped millions of Americans stay afloat during the depths of the pandemic. Of course, it is important that we prevent fraud in our public programs and instances of fraud in unemployment insurance absolutely should be addressed and prosecuted. In fact, just this morning, we learned that a Republican Member of this Chamber was indicted in New York on charges that, among other things, he allegedly stole public funds by fraudulently collecting pandemic unemployment benefits. I hope all my colleagues agree that stealing public funds, especially during a global pandemic when so many working people lost their jobs and needed the support to keep their families healthy and fed, is unacceptable and absolutely should disqualify someone from serving in the United States Congress. However, although my colleagues across the aisle claim that they want to fight fraud in unemployment insurance, their leadership continues to welcome the votes of this alleged fraudster in order to push a deeply unpopular and extremist agenda and they want to pass a bill that makes it harder to catch the kind of cross-State fraud that their colleague has allegedly committed by slashing $400 million in critical funding for Department of Labor antifraud programs. It opens up opportunities for fraud in UI programs by halting the roll out of new identification verification systems and the legislation allows States to send surprise bills to workers for accidental overpayments of unemployment insurance benefits made during the pandemic. These overpayments were made to workers who did nothing wrong and did not know they had been overpaid. These people spent their unemployment insurance on necessities like food for themselves and their children. They returned to work as soon as they could, but now Republicans, with this bill, want to send these working people a bill and punish them for an error that they didn't commit. Ultimately, both of these proposals from my Republican colleagues are unserious and unworkable. They will wreak harm on America's economy, especially businesses unable to find workers to grow or even survive. They will wreak harm on working families, law-abiding immigrants, and terrified refugees who have the right to seek asylum at our borders. These bills are political stunts to stir up extremist supporters, not serious solutions to complex problems, problems that require comprehensive and nuanced solutions. We are eager to work with responsible legislators from any party on an immigration bill that truly secures the border, protects Dreamers, and solves the workforce challenges we are seeing from farms to pharmacies. Such a bill would grow our economy, help our communities combat crime, and stem the flow of illegal drugs into our country. We firmly believe that we can reach an agreement that secures our border and reforms our immigration system in a way that reflects fundamental American values, and we are ready to work on that now. We welcome assistance in that from the House majority. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, just a couple of points. First of all, this tired talking point of 90 percent of narcotics being captured at the ports of entry; well, of course, that is the only place where we have Border Patrol. Because they are overwhelmed doing processing, we don't have anybody patrolling the border between the ports of entry. So, of course, you are collecting and finding a higher percentage of narcotics at the ports of entry. The second point, is this idea that this is treating kids inhumanely. Let's be very clear that what we do in this policy is treat children from other countries exactly as we treat them from Mexico and Canada under current law. More importantly, President Obama, that radical, MAGA extremist, President Barack Obama asked for this fix in his bill. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Burgess). Mr. BURGESS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of the rule and the underlying bill, H.R. 2, the Secure the Border Act of 2023. For over 2 years, the Biden administration has continued to ignore crisis after crisis. Just 2 weeks ago, the American people saw that President Biden and the Democratic Party were just fine ignoring our looming debt crisis. Mr. Speaker, 2 weeks ago, House Republicans kept their promise. They kept their promise to the American people and passed a responsible solution to raising the country's debt ceiling. Now this week, House Republicans are having to once again clean up after this administration and their reckless policies that are hurting the lives of Americans around the country, but especially in my home State of Texas. Our southern border is not secure. This administration does not have operational control, and their claim that they have decreased immigration by 90 percent is simply laughable. President Biden's destructive policies and continued lies to the American people have only worsened this deepening crisis. My fellow Members and I have heard from law enforcement on the ground that this country has gone from one of the safest and most secure borders under the Trump administration, to an unsustainable humanitarian crisis of epic proportions, and it is getting worse by the hour. With the expiration of title 42 tomorrow, it will be unfathomable of what will be facing our friends on the Texas border. This all happened within the first 24 hours of this administration. President Biden sits in the White House and threatens to veto our bill, calling for comprehensive immigration reform, while vulnerable migrants crossing our southern border are raped, killed, or trafficked every single day. Along with all my fellow Republican Members, I want to see comprehensive [[Page H2187]] immigration reform, but that cannot be done until this crisis on our southern border is under control. H.R. 2 will do exactly that. Mr. Speaker, this bill will finish the border wall, will provide adequate funding for our Border Patrol agents, and ensure that the migrants most vulnerable, the unaccompanied alien children, are taken care of once they become this country's responsibility. Mr. Speaker, this bill is just common sense. I urge my fellow Members to support the underlying bill, and I urge support for the rule. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Members are reminded to refrain from engaging in personalities toward the President. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I do find it a little hard to credit the expressions of concern for the migrants who are crossing our border when yet again, today, the Governor of Texas sent a busload of migrants from the border after announcing he was providing free transportation to them. He refuses to tell the cities where they are headed, but the migrants are on their way. So as has occurred multiple times over the last year, people were dumped in Philadelphia at 6 o'clock in the morning. Thank God that the weather has turned because when they were dumping them on New Year's Eve, it was pretty darn cold. So please spare me the crocodile tears for the humanitarian concerns when you are not willing to help ease that process. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentlewoman from New Mexico (Ms. Leger Fernandez), a very distinguished member of the Rules Committee. Ms. LEGER FERNANDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I have been at the border. I have seen the sadness and faint hope in the faces of the children seeking asylum. Imagine the desperation a mother must feel sending a child across a treacherous path to seek asylum in the United States. It reminds me of another refugee, a mother who knew that if she did not send her child away, he would surely be killed. She placed her baby in a raft and sent him across the river. It was the Nile River. The baby was Moses. Mr. Speaker, the bill we are taking up today would take away important asylum paths for children. I call upon my colleagues to remember the story of Moses, to remember the humanity that must be a guiding principle for the United States in our asylum laws. Our immigration system is surely broken. H.R. 2, though, does not fix it. Republicans, instead, are creating more chaos. Republicans are creating more chaos at the border. Chaos, not humanity, appears to be their guiding principle. This bill destroys the asylum seekers, wrecks our agricultural economy, and fails to address the flow of fentanyl into our communities. H.R. 2 even punishes those heroic nonprofits who work to serve the vulnerable asylum seekers. Mr. Speaker, in the Rules Committee early this morning, I presented amendments from members of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus that would increase security, keep fentanyl and other deadly drugs off our streets, and protect military families. Republicans voted against funding our fight against fentanyl. They refused any amendments to be heard on the floor today that we would have discussed last night. Mr. Speaker, we do not have enough farmworkers to harvest our crops or in New Mexico to grow our world-renowned green chile. The provisions in this bill are bad for farmers, ranchers, and for our agricultural economy. Instead of destroying our agricultural economy, let's pass the Farm Workforce Modernization Act. Instead of denying our students what they need, let's pass the American Dream and Promise Act. These bipartisan bills would grow our economy. Let's work together to fix our immigration system. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I have to address, at least for a minute, this disparaging commentary about the Governor of Texas busing migrants. Well, I guess my colleagues on the other side of the aisle would like to ignore the fact that the Democrat mayor of El Paso was teaming up with Governor Abbott to do that. The Democrat mayor of El Paso was teaming up with the Governor of Texas, Governor Abbott, to do just that. Walk a mile in our shoes in the State of Texas where we have hundreds of thousands of people pouring into our communities throughout the State of Texas. Welcome to the party. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Norman). {time} 1645 Mr. NORMAN. Mr. Speaker, hearing my friends on the other side of the aisle talk, you know, we really are in two different universes. We live in two different universes. The invasion that is happening at the border has not happened to this country, nor any other country that has survived. For you to make the claim of compassion, where is the compassion for the rapes that are occurring along the border? Where is your compassion for the farmers? It took your Vice President--I don't think she has been to the border. It took the President--I don't think he has been to the border where the crossings were really occurring. He went for a photo op. Mr. Speaker, this is a crisis that no country that has ever had this type of invasion has been able to survive. America is at a crossroads, and this administration is guilty of opening up the borders. There is no point of entry. That is where most of the illegals are coming that they can't track. As my good friend from Texas, Congressman Roy, said last night at an 8-hour Rules Committee meeting, the fact is, you don't want border security. You want everybody from every country to come into America. It is not fair for the police. It is not fair for our farmers. What about our schools that are being flooded? What about The Salvation Army that is being flooded--will be flooded? What about our hospitals? For anybody and everybody coming into this country, it is not right. Let's look at some of the figures. By the way, this is the strongest immigration bill that has ever been put forward. Just over last weekend, there were 26,000 apprehensions; over 7,000 got-aways; over 164 pounds of marijuana; 84 pounds of cocaine; 11 pounds of fentanyl; and three sex offenders. This is just what was caught. What was missed? We are on track to have over 6 to 10 million illegals in this country that are taking advantage of our citizens, taking advantage of our police force, and taking advantage of those who have lived in this country. Get the wall built, which this bill does, and at least have some type of knowledge of who is coming. I have been to the border, and it is a sad sight to see. I have seen what is happening when they load the buses and distribute people all over the country. What about those who have done it legally? Last August, Biden formally ended President Trump's successful Remain in Mexico program, and within Biden's first 100 days in office, he took 94 executive actions on immigration. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I yield an additional 15 seconds to the gentleman from South Carolina. Mr. NORMAN. Mr. Speaker, I will just end by saying this is un- American. It is not fair. I don't know how we walk this back, but this bill is something that will protect this country. It will help this country, and it will stop what this President is implementing. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Members are reminded to direct their remarks to the Chair. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I just have to push back a little bit on this idea that somehow immigrants coming to this country are taking advantage of our police and different parts of our society. I mean, the Cato Institute, of all places, has recently published a study that shows there is a net economic benefit for several generations when we have immigrants come to this country. Of course, there is also the continuing inaccurate characterization of these folks coming here illegally when they are applying for asylum. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. McGovern), the distinguished [[Page H2188]] ranking member of the Committee on Rules. Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, we are about to debate H.R. 2, a horrible immigration bill that betrays our values, hurts our farmers, and makes it easier to put fentanyl on our streets. We are told it was rewritten in a back room in the Speaker's office. I have yet to see the rewrite. In fact, I haven't even heard a description of what was changed. I will say, for the record, from a process standpoint, this is as bad as it gets. My friends should be ashamed of themselves. But wait. There is even more. I wasn't planning to speak today, but I have to point out the ridiculous hypocrisy of what is going on. Republicans are here on the floor with straight faces acting like unemployment insurance fraud is one of the top problems in America. They ignore billionaires who pay no taxes, but they want us to believe there is an unemployment insurance crime spree, and so here we are. They are going after farmers and veterans. They are going after workers and families that needed help during the pandemic while, at the same time, a sitting member of the House Republican Conference was indicted in Federal court this morning for unemployment fraud. Let me repeat that. We have a Member of this body, a member of this Republican Conference, a key swing vote on their debt ceiling bill, a key swing vote to secure Kevin McCarthy's speakership who, this morning, was in Federal custody for--let me quote this from the indictment: ``Falsely claimed to have been unemployed'' while he was making $120,000 a year. I mean, is this a joke? George Santos allegedly stole almost $25,000 in unemployment benefits. Here is the part that you can't make up. This is too absurd to be true, but it is. Their bill defunds the program that catches people who commit this kind of fraud. I have a letter in front of me from the Department of Labor, which I will insert into the Record, that says, their bill defunds the program that helps them catch fraud. Now, maybe that is why George Santos cosponsored it. Of course he did. If this becomes law, maybe he would have gotten away with it. I think we should rename this the George Anthony Devolder Santos fraudster protection act. What is that old horror movie saying? The call is coming from inside the house. You are going after fraud, but the fraud is coming from inside the Republican Conference. Deal with that. Here is the bottom line: The modern GOP has become the party of corruption and crime. It is all about power for them. They put their own power above the people we represent. Their frontrunner for President is a sexual abuser and has been indicted for his illegal hush money payments to cover up his affair. They won't denounce it. Their key swing vote was in Federal custody for allegedly stealing unemployment benefits and lying to Congress, and they won't kick him out. They want to gut the Office of Congressional Ethics, and they want to make it easier for rich people to cheat on their taxes. Now they want to pass a bill that would make it easier for George Santos to get away with fraud. Forget honor. Forget principles. Forget integrity. All they care about is power at any cost. It is disgraceful, it is shameful, it is wrong, and I urge a ``no'' vote on this rule and the underlying bill. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Members are reminded to direct their remarks to the Chair. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. McGovern raised a few good points, but one in particular: We haven't seen the bill that we are allegedly supposed to be considering with this rule. Last night, Mr. Norman, who just spoke, correctly criticized this closed process. He said, ``That's a problem going forward, a huge problem because that is not the process we think is fair to everyone.'' I would simply say to the gentleman that the process has only gotten worse. Reportedly, there will be an amendment offered to this rule that we haven't even seen yet. Although, I guess the fact is we may know why we had to delay the hearing until this point; so that your Member could return from New York. I wonder when we are going to see the open and transparent process that some of our Rules Committee colleagues have spoken so much about. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I would just remind my colleagues that it was in December when we got a $1.7 trillion omnibus spending bill that was 4,000 pages long around 1 a.m., and then we voted on it the next day. In that bill there was specific language that prohibited the Department of Homeland Security from actually securing the homeland by securing the border. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Alford). Mr. ALFORD. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to express my strong support for the rules package of H.R. 2, the Secure the Border Act. One year ago today I was on the border with Mexico to see firsthand the deadly, chaotic crisis that this administration has created. With a wink and a nod, this President has welcomed more than 6 million illegal aliens into our sovereign Nation. This is a human trafficking nightmare with some 85,000 children unaccounted for tonight, more than 100,000 of our fellow citizens have been murdered from fentanyl. Drugs are manufactured in Communist China and smuggled across our southern border, an open border that has opened business for the Mexican cartels that are now operating on our side of the border. All we hear from this administration is lies; lies that their immigration policy is based on compassion. It is exploitation, not compassion. We hear lies that the border is not open and that it is secure. We hear lies that the Border Patrol uses whips on illegals. Look, I have been on a horse. I know the difference between a whip and a rein. Just this past Monday, the White House came out with the biggest lie of all: that illegal immigration is down more than 90 percent under Biden. At this very moment, there are more than 1 million people amassed near our southern border ready for title 42 to expire and stream across our border largely unchecked. This administration's solution is to send 1,500 troops, not to push them back, but to push pencils. If this President and his Secretary of Homeland Security cannot find the grit to secure the border, we must do it in this Chamber. Ronald Reagan once said: ``A nation that cannot control its border is not a nation.'' Today, like Colonel William Barrett Travis, we draw the line in the sand. We will not lose our Nation. We will not surrender to the drug cartels. We will not surrender to the lies of this administration, and we will not surrender America. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I apologize to my colleagues across the aisle. I didn't realize that I needed to delay my remarks until the next round. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to insert into the Record a letter from the Department of Labor, which states that H.R. 1163 would hinder efforts to tackle unemployment insurance fraud, delay payments, and undermine State efforts to modernize and protect the system from fraud. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the gentlewoman from Pennsylvania? There was no objection. U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Washington, DC, February 27, 2023. Hon. Richard Neal, Ranking Member, House Committee on Ways & Means, Washington DC. Dear Ranking Member Neal: Thank you for your questions about proposed legislation coming before the Committee regarding Unemployment Insurance (UI) fraud and overpayments. The Biden-Harris Administration and the Committee have shared goals of holding criminals accountable and combatting fraud in the UI program, and the Department of Labor (Department) will continue to both devote resources and take additional actions in pursuit of taxpayer funds. Under the Biden-Harris Administration, the Department has worked diligently to maintain the integrity of the UI program and to guard vital relief [[Page H2189]] dollars from fraud through varied efforts to direct, guide, and support state agency efforts. Specific to your request, Congress provided $2 billion to the Department under Section 2118 of the CARES Act through enactment of the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) for the goals of ``fraud prevention, equitable access, and timely payment to eligible workers''. The Department continues to invest the $2 billion in ARPA funds to detect and prevent future fraud in state UI programs, modernize state IT systems, and improve efficiency and accuracy of payments to increase the overall integrity of the program. By June 2023, at least $1.6 billion of these ARPA funds will have been made available to states through prior and new grant opportunities in service of these goals. These funds are vital to the Department's efforts to pursue transformative improvements to the UI program to help workers and combat fraud. This ARPA funding is critical to helping all 50 states and their governors (as well as the territories) address the fraud and backlogs that emerged at the onset of the pandemic. One fundamental reason that all states and territories were so unprepared to handle the extraordinary crush of unemployment claims that spiked at the onset of the pandemic was record-low resources--in 2020, administrative funding which supports core operations for the UI program was at its lowest level in at least 30 years. This lack of long-term investment in modernizing our 53 state and territory unemployment systems was a major contributor to the degree of fraud and crisis our unemployment system experienced in 2020. The $2 billion ARPA investment in modernizing our state unemployment systems to encourage fraud prevention, equity, and timely payments is a critical step toward addressing what went wrong and ensuring our nation's unemployment system is better prepared going forward. The Loss of Funding will Hinder Efforts to Tackle UI Fraud and Ensure that Workers are Paid their Earned Unemployment Benefits On-Time and in the Right Amounts The proposed bill before the Committee includes a provision which would repeal Section 2118 of the CARES Act, ending the availability of funds Congress provided to the Department in ARPA to fight fraud and promote equitable access. The Department is deeply concerned that a move to repeal this section will throttle essential, ongoing efforts to strengthen and protect the UI program from fraud. The repeal of Section 2118 will force the Department and our state partners to halt work on critical technology modernization projects geared towards program integrity now and in response to future crises. All but three of 53 state and territorial UI jurisdictions are currently participating in one or more of the ARPA-funded initiatives. The Department will be stopped from delivering hundreds of millions of dollars set aside for Governors to step up the fight against unemployment fraud and implement upgrades to the delivery of UI: Tiger Teams: ARPA funding that supports teams of multi- disciplinary experts, referred to as Tiger Teams, is helping states assess challenges and make state-specific recommendations for fraud prevention and detection, improving customer experiences, access and equity, and operational processes resulting in more timely delivery of benefits and reductions in backlogs. Should the proposed legislation proceed, the Department would be prevented from providing continued consultative services to the 30 states already participating in the project, or any additional states who have expressed interest in participating in the project but who have not yet begun their engagement. If funds are rescinded, states would no longer be able to apply for and receive Tiger Teams implementation grant funding to implement actions related to their state-tailored recommendations. This funding is projected to support critical Tiger Teams' recommendations aimed at improving state UI program integrity, including fraud prevention tools like identity authentication, identity proofing, claim risk scoring, and investigative case management. Identity Verification: Next month DOL will announce another $200 million to assist states with recovery of funds and the implementation of required and recommended identity verification standards to improve fraud prevention. The Department is also investing ARPA funds to bring the General Service Administration's Login.gov identity verification services to state UI programs as a scalable solution to protect against the growing challenge of identity fraud. If these ARPA funds were repealed, the Department would have little choice other than to halt the existing pilot of Login.gov with the State of Arkansas and stop its expansion to two additional states this spring who are already making financial and operational commitments of state resources to engage with the Department. Our plan to launch a new nationwide in-person identity verification option with the U.S. Postal Service would also face cancellation. Fraud Prevention Grants: ARPA fraud prevention grants to states are building effective identity verification systems to fill the gaps in states' use of systems to prevent multi- state fraud actors, like cross-matching through the National UI Integrity Center's Integrity Data Hub (IDH), which is operated by the National Association of State Workforce Agencies (NASWA) and sponsored by the Department. States need this grant funding to implement and enhance data analytics tools that can flag suspicious claims, and to increase their staff capacity to investigate and recover incorrect payments made during the pandemic. If ARPA modernization funding is repealed, Governors could lose unexpended funds from already awarded grants. Technology Modernization: By the end of June, the Department is planning to announce $600 million in ARPA- funded grants to states to modernize vulnerable state IT systems that led to chronically high levels of improper payments in the UI program before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Such grants would help states upgrade their IT systems, the majority of which, going into the pandemic, were based on decades-old computer languages like COBOL. These outdated state systems were quickly overwhelmed by the surge of claims during the pandemic and unable to adjust to new fraud threats. If Section 2118 is repealed, the Department will not be able to fund states to implement new technologies and workflows to screen out potentially fraudulent claims, and to make needed improvements to customer experience like programming websites for easy use on mobile phones. The repeal would also end, or severely curtail, collaborative projects between the Department, states, and other stakeholders to create seamless solutions to reduce common mistakes and improper payments, such as the conversion of websites into plain language to assist workers in submitting applications without errors. Equity Grants: ARPA Equity grants are funding states' efforts to improve equitable access to the UI system for workers, including people in rural areas, with disabilities, with low levels of literacy, and with language access barriers. Forty-eight states have applied for this project and awarded projects to date have included translating documents into different languages, hiring community navigators to explain UI benefits to vulnerable communities, making websites accessible to people with disabilities, addressing access barriers facing rural communities, and placing in-person staff in American Job Centers to help clear backlogs. These critical grant-funded projects which provide enhancements for equitable access that improve payment accuracy may not be able to be completed if the repeal of Section 2118 leads to DOL having to claw back unexpended funds; additionally, several states with pending applications for funding won't access equity funding. Department of Labor Modernization Capacity: Federal staffing for the Employment and Training Administration and technology modernization experts in the Office of Unemployment Insurance Modernization, hired to implement cross cutting projects and provide expert assistance to states, would be severely curtailed. Data analysis and research, including state gap analyses and cross-cutting IT investments--like the State Equity Data Partnerships--may also be curtailed or cancelled. Other cross-cutting supports currently furnished to states, including fraud prevention and equity training would similarly be at risk. The Department appreciates the intent of this legislation to accelerate the collection of fraudulent unemployment payments and strengthen fraud prevention. For example, the legislation would require a series of data cross-matches to prevent fraud, including with the Integrity Data Hub and Social Security Administration's prisoner databases that the Department has actively promoted over the last two years. Yet, the repeal of ARPA funding would directly undermine the intent of this proposed legislation. The Department and states must continue to have access to the funds Congress has made available through Section 2118 of the CARES Act to modernize, prepare, and strengthen state UI systems so the program will not be left so vulnerable to fraud during the next economic crisis. These problems developed over decades, and additional time and resources are needed for change to filter through the federal-state system. Dwindling Administrative Funding Has Undermined State Efforts to Modernize and Protect the System from Fraud The need for ARPA funding is acute because Congress has repeatedly underfunded the UI program. Before the pandemic, the unemployment system was hamstrung by historically low levels of administrative funding and the absence of any dedicated funding stream for maintaining and enhancing the information technology of systems that underpin state UI operations. Indeed, administrative funding in 2020 was at its lowest inflation adjusted level in at least 30 years. As the onset of the pandemic caused tens of millions of people to lose their jobs in a matter of weeks, state agencies were unprepared for the extraordinary spike in the number of claims to be processed and for the new fraudulent actors. As claims volumes have returned to pre-pandemic levels, state administrative funding for regular, non-pandemic UI operations declined by more than 20 percent from FY 2021 to FY 2022. As a result, states continue to struggle with hiring, training, and retaining new staff responsible for accurately adjudicating claims and ensuring only proper payments are made. The Biden-Harris Administration FY23 budget requested a $209 million increase in grants to states and an update to a decades' old funding formula that underfunded states, and Congress appropriated $159 million of this request for FY 2023. [[Page H2190]] These changes are a first step to addressing long-standing weaknesses in the UI system by providing states with needed resources to protect against fraud and to ensure equitable access to benefits. However, even with this much needed yet modest increase in funding, it only provides help in funding the regular day-to-day operations. It does not provide funding for investment in modernization of the UI system or in fraud prevention solutions and services. The Department has relied on the ARPA funds for these types of investments, and they will be jeopardized with repeal of Section 2118. Other Concerns of Note in the Proposed Legislation Of concern is the draft provision to extend the time for benefit offsets for overpayment collection for CARES Act programs to 10 years. Current statutes allow states to pursue a wide variety of overpayment collection activities in addition to benefit offsets, such as wage garnishments and tax return offsets. Extending benefit offsets to 10 years would block access to unemployment benefits for Americans during future national emergencies, including for individuals whose CARES Act overpayment arose due to state agency errors. This provision would undermine the stabilizing effect UI benefits have on the U.S. economy during high unemployment and would significantly worsen any economic downturn for the next decade. Also of concern is the proposal to allow states to retain 25 percent of any fraudulent overpayment recovered under pandemic UI programs to use for further recovery efforts and other administrative costs. We have concerns that retention of one quarter of funds recovered is excessive and runs contrary to the proposed legislation's intent to restore misspent federal funds. Similarly of concern is the proposal to allow states to retain five percent of non-fraud overpayments in the regular UI program to use for further recovery efforts and other administrative costs. We have concerns that this provision extended to non-fraud overpayments may incentivize states to recover overpayments that are not the fault of individual workers, and would otherwise have been eligible for waivers out of concerns for equity and financial hardship. End of ARPA Investments in UI Reform Would Squander Chance to Fix the UI Systems Since inheriting a system in crisis, the Department under the Biden-Harris Administration has moved aggressively to thwart fraudsters and recover fraudulently paid dollars--yet there is still more to do. The Department has worked quickly to allocate the $2 billion provided under Section 2118 of the CARES Act to strengthen the UI system to ensure timeliness, equity, and accuracy, including by preventing and detecting fraud. The Department continues to work in close partnership with all state workforce agencies to ensure these improvements are effective and sustainable as part of a full spending plan for the $2 billion that will produce the greatest long-term positive impact. Taking away these funds would deny governors around the country and the UI program a once-in-a-generation chance to learn the lessons of the past and take concerted action to fix systemic problems and prevent fraud in the future. In closing, we look forward to working with you and members of the Committee on policies that support the Department's ARPA investments to tackle UI fraud, while improving timeliness and equitable access to benefits. If you have additional questions, please contact the Office of Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs. Sincerely, Brent Parton, Acting Assistant Secretary. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Mississippi (Mr. Thompson), the distinguished ranking member of the Committee on Homeland Security. Mr. THOMPSON of Mississippi. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in opposition to the closed rule and the underlying bill. H.R. 2, the child deportation act, was developed in an extreme MAGA echo chamber. Homeland Security Committee Republicans defeated all 43 amendments offered by Democrats to fix the bill's many flaws. This closed rule goes a step further and blocks House consideration of amendments like the one I filed adding 1,700 CBP officers at ports of entry to process migrants, facilitate trade and tourism, and interdict fentanyl. More than 90 percent--as you have already heard--of hard drugs are interdicted at ports of entry--this is information passed to us by CBP--but Republicans refuse to make investments in the many ports of entry workforce or technology. Worse yet, the bill does nothing to address cartels and fentanyl trafficking. The rule doubles down on Donald Trump's border wall by blocking consideration of an amendment filed by Representative Troy Carter to protect landowners from eminent domain. With new border wall segments likely to cost about $46 million per mile, building 900 miles of wall could total billions. Finally, this closed ruled blocks consideration of Representative Robert Garcia's amendment to strike language that villainizes community and religious organizations which provide basic necessities to migrants. H.R. 2 is written so poorly that it could force the American Red Cross to verify each person's immigration status before offering help. Can you imagine if groups have to say, ``Show us your papers''? That is just cruel. I urge a ``no'' vote on the rule and the underlying bill. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Good). Mr. GOOD of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I thank my friend from Texas for his leadership on this initiative and on this bill. It is sad that we find ourselves today having to force the administration to enforce the security of the United States border, that we have to force the Department of Homeland Security to secure the border. What this bill will do is codify into law the effective policies under the previous administration that left this President with a secure border. What did this President have to do to maintain a secure border? He did nothing but keep the policies in place that he inherited. We are currently averaging some 10,000 illegals per day invading the country. What is the response from the Democrats on the other side in this administration? We can do better. We are having some 300,000 illegals invade the country on a monthly basis. Think of the three largest football stadiums in the country, that equivalency invading our border every day, invading our country. Yet, we cannot get one Democrat vote, I predict, to vote to secure our border, to protect our country's national security, our health security, our economic security. {time} 1700 This bill will build the wall. It will hire more border agents. It will enhance technology to assist them. It will require transparency and accountability from this derelict Department of Homeland Security. It will enhance compensation for our Border Patrol. It will support local law enforcement in their efforts to help secure the border. The fact is, no country in the history of the world has been more welcoming to migrants from all over the world, from all races, all nationalities, all ethnicities, than the United States of America. We support legal, lawful immigration, and that is why this country permits a million legal migrants every year. But we must stand united against illegal immigration, and this bill does just that. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, if we defeat the previous question, I will offer an amendment to the rule to provide for consideration of a resolution which states that it is the House's responsibility to protect and preserve Social Security and Medicare for our future generations and reject any cuts to these essential programs. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to insert the text of my amendment into the Record, along with any extraneous material, immediately prior to the vote on the previous question. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Weber of Texas). Is there objection to the request of the gentlewoman from Pennsylvania? There was no objection. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, Social Security and Medicare are vital to many of our constituents' economic and health security. Many of my Republican friends across the aisle were calling for major cuts to these critical programs but recently some have changed their tune. If they truly believe in a new position, I am offering my friends the opportunity to back it up with a vote in the people's House. This vote will give Members the opportunity to reassure Americans that the House won't eviscerate these foundational programs that our constituents rely upon. [[Page H2191]] Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from Rhode Island (Mr. Magaziner) to discuss our proposal. Mr. MAGAZINER. Mr. Speaker, Americans are counting on us to pass real, comprehensive immigration reform. The bill being put forward by our Republicans colleagues is a cruel and counterproductive measure that will only make our immigration problems worse by restricting legal immigration, criminalizing nonprofit organizations, putting children's lives at risk, and increasing the workload of Border Patrol officers without the support they need to do their jobs. Let's send this flawed bill back to committee for further work and instead pass H. Res. 178 to declare our sense that we are committed to protecting Social Security and Medicare. During the President's State of the Union Address, the American people saw in real time as President Biden shamed our Republican colleagues into backing off their plans to cut Social Security and Medicare for now, but we know that there are many in their caucus that are still scheming to cut these essential programs. Last year, Democrats and President Biden passed a measure to allow Medicare to negotiate with the drug companies to lower drug prices. We should expand this program. Social Security and Medicare are vital lifelines. We must protect them. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, this crisis has taken an unimaginable toll on the State of Texas, my home State, and the citizens there as well as the migrants seeking to come into this country. I get contacted every single day, like my colleagues from Texas. In 2022, more than 2,000 Texans died from fentanyl poisoning, a 500 percent increase from 2019. I have already talked about the 53 migrants killed in a tractor-trailer in the Texas heat. Texas has been forced to deal with it on their own, spending $4 billion of their own budget, $3 billion last cycle because we are having to deal with a job the Federal Government is supposed to do. El Paso, state of emergency; Laredo, state of emergency; Brownsville, state of emergency; San Antonio, beefing up to try to deal with the surge. We are dealing with it every single day in Texas. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Van Duyne). Ms. VAN DUYNE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this bill. President's Biden's policies have caused a massive surge of 370,000 unaccompanied children to come to our southwest border since he took office. Where is the outrage? Where are the tears? According to an HHS whistleblower, the U.S. Government has become a middleman in a large scale, multibillion-dollar child trafficking operation run by bad actors seeking to profit off the lives of children. Where is the outrage? Where are the tears? We have seen from Members on the other side of the aisle that they are claiming that this bill is going to somehow hurt children. Are they reading the reports of minors as young as 9 who are being brought over illegally and are working the midnight shift, the graveyard shift, in meatpacking plants? Again, where are the tears? Where is the outrage? H.R. 2 stops future surges and protects children by treating unaccompanied children from Mexico and the rest of the world in the same manner, enabling their safe return home to their families after they are screened for indications of trafficking or a credible fear of persecution. I was on the city council for 6 years, and I was mayor for 6 years of a city of about 250,000 people. I saw the cost of illegal immigration firsthand at the local level. I saw the toll that it put on our local cities and communities in housing, in schools, in crime, in resources. I was lucky enough to be able to partner with Immigrations and Customs Enforcement, and we saw at that time more illegal criminal aliens that were deported from our city per capita from any other city in the country. What did we see from that? Our crime dropped, and people who lived in low-income areas, minority areas, were the ones who benefited the most, because they were being targeted by that crime. The American people did not vote for this chaos. They voted to have control over our borders. What we have seen from this administration is they continue to take every single tool out of the toolbox that is able to actually secure our borders. The American people sent us to D.C. to secure our borders and put an end to the worst humanitarian crisis our Nation has ever seen. It is absurd that we are even here today having to pass a bill to force this administration to enforce the laws and do its most basic job, which is to enforce our laws, secure our border, and protect our Nation. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from California (Mr. Correa). Mr. CORREA. Mr. Speaker, to my colleague from Texas, I say that this bill, this set of bills, criminalizes California's and the United States' private sector. Why do you make small businesses and large businesses criminals? We have a 3.6 percent unemployment rate in this country. Every time I have businesses in my office, they say: We need workers. We need more immigrants. This is not what this set of bills is doing. Let's start out by recognizing the reality that we are living in the greatest country in the world, the strongest economy in the world. We need workers, and these bills fail to recognize that reality. Let's go back and work across the aisle. I say to my colleagues on the other side, let's come up with comprehensive immigration reform and a way to keep America as the greatest economy in the world. These bills do not do that. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Oklahoma (Mr. Brecheen). Mr. BRECHEEN. Mr. Speaker, title 42 expires tomorrow. As Republicans are advancing the most conservative border bill ever, this administration is going to usher in more chaos on the southern border. It is going to be quite the contrast for the American people to witness. Border Patrol agents are already seeing a surge, 26,000 illegals apprehended in a 72-hour period. This is on top of 5 million illegal immigrants that have come into this Nation within a 2-year period. That is more than the entire population of the State of Oklahoma, the State which I represent. House Republicans have a plan, and it is the bill before us, the Secure the Border Act of 2023, which would resume wall construction. That includes the 200-plus miles of wall that was fully funded by Congress but shut down when President Biden, in contrast with the Constitution, with his pen said: ``Not another foot.'' This bill is going to deploy more technology. It is going to increase Border Patrol agents. It is going to end catch and release. Notice to appear in front of a judge has become notice to disappear under this administration. Securing the border used to be a bipartisan issue. In fact, President Biden supported the Secure Fence Act of 2006 when he was a United States Senator. That bill included physical barriers; 150 miles of wall built under the Obama administration. Here is what then-Senator Biden, in his own words, said: ``Why I believe the fence is needed does not have anything to do with immigration as much as drugs.'' Biden continued: ``And let me tell you something, folks, people are driving across that border with tons, hear me, tons of everything from byproducts for methamphetamine to cocaine to heroin and it is coming up from corrupt Mexico.'' That was then-Senator Biden. This statement is long before the fentanyl crisis, where 70,000 people from the United States died last year because of fentanyl poisoning, the leading cause of death between ages 18 and 45. Biden's own Border Patrol agents disagree with this administration. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Members are reminded to refrain from engaging in personalities toward the President. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time for closing. Mr. Speaker, since the aftermath of World War II, the United States has championed its duty to uphold the international right to seek asylum by providing those fleeing persecution with safe haven here in America. [[Page H2192]] However, the Republican immigration plan in H.R. 2 and the rhetoric we have heard about it today does nothing more than sow chaos, anger, and fear about this important humanitarian system. It puts the blame for our broken immigration system on the backs of families and children fleeing poverty and violence, instead of recognizing the complexity of the issues involving immigration and border security and blaming Congress for failing to address our broken system for decades. It is clear that jailing families indefinitely or sending unaccompanied children back to dangerous and exploitive situations and refusing to provide working legal pathways to residents will not make us any safer; neither will wasting American taxpayer dollars to build a discredited and ineffective border wall, decimating our agricultural sector, or defunding trusted nonprofit organizations that provide support to immigrants. These are not the comprehensive, multiprong solutions we need, the kind of solutions that Democrats have been imploring our Republican colleagues to come to the table on, solutions that secure our ports of entry, expand legal pathways, and address the root causes of migration. A long and impactful history of immigration is at the heart of our American story. As such, we should meaningfully fix our immigration system so it works better and can continue making our county stronger. We shouldn't gut it or attempt to destroy it altogether. I want a better future than that for the United States and all of those who call it home. Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to oppose the previous question and the rule, and I yield back the balance of my time. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time. What we offer today through this rule will be legislation that will strengthen our southern border, secure this country, protect Americans, protect migrants, and ensure that our communities can be safe, particularly along our southern border in States like Texas where the Speaker pro tempore and I and many of our colleagues reside and other friends of ours in Arizona, New Mexico, and California, that are dealing with this every single day. This bill is pretty simple. It strengthens and requires the administration to enforce existing law and closes the asylum and detention loopholes that have been exploited for years. It curbs release into the interior, a massive pull factor, by requiring DHS to detain, remove, or place in a safe third country, but in doing so allows a path for migrants to be able to pursue asylum claims and just simply follows current law to not be released into the United States. Again, it is pretty straightforward. It reimplements the asylum deals that were working and ends the bogus asylum claims. It keeps families together while asylum claims are being processed. It protects unaccompanied children by reforming TVPRA, a request from the Obama administration. It requires DHS to immediately resume border wall construction, which President Biden has halted. The fact is the American people are very well aware of the crisis at the border that my colleagues on the other side of the aisle seem to ignore. I had some friends send me, while I was speaking here, the comment section from The New York Times. I am not talking about Breitbart or something. I am talking about The New York Times. Page after page after page of citizens saying, for example: Though I have always voted Democrat, my vote in the next Presidential election will go to whichever candidate has the best, most seemingly effective plan for securing our border. It is the most pressing issue for our country. If only the President and my Democratic colleagues would agree. {time} 1715 The fact of the matter is we have a devastating crisis that is killing Americans and killing migrants. Right now, to be very clear, our Border Patrol agents and law enforcement community along the southern border are overwhelmed. They are crying out for help. I had a man text me just a minute ago that works with Border Patrol and DPS. He said: We are in a Broken Arrow moment. We are overrun. We have no place to go. We have a crisis. This body needs to respond, and we need to take action as we speak. Mr. Speaker, shortly, I will be offering an amendment to the rule. The amendment is a very short, one-page modification that makes clear that Congress will address, within 60 days, the dangerous cartels confronting our country. It will add a sense of Congress to clarify certain language involving agricultural issues relating to E-Verify. amendment offered by mr. roy Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I offer an amendment to the resolution. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the amendment. The Clerk read as follows: Strike the first section after the resolving clause and insert the following: ``That upon adoption of this resolution it shall be in order to consider in the House the bill (H.R. 2) to secure the borders of the United States, and for other purposes. All points of order against consideration of the bill are waived. The amendment specified in section 3 of this resolution shall be considered as adopted. The bill, as amended, shall be considered as read. All points of order against provisions in the bill, as amended, are waived. The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the bill, as amended, and on any further amendment thereto, to final passage without intervening motion except: (1) five hours of debate, with two hours equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on Homeland Security or their respective designees, two hours equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on the Judiciary or their respective designees, and one hour equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs or their respective designees; and (2) one motion to recommit.'' Add at the end the following: ``Sec. 3. The amendment referred to in the first section of this resolution is as follows: Amend section 123 of division A to read as follows: SEC. 123. REPORT ON MEXICAN DRUG CARTELS. Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, Congress shall commission a report that contains the following: (1) A national strategy to address Mexican drug cartels, and a determination regarding whether there should be a designation established to address such cartels. (2) Information relating to actions by such cartels that causes harm to the United States. In title VIII of division B, redesignate section 815 as section 816. In title VIII of division B, insert after section 814 the following: SEC. 815. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON FURTHER IMPLEMENTATION. It is the sense of Congress that in implementing the E- Verify Program, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall ensure any adverse impact on the Nation's agricultural workforce, operations, and food security are considered and addressed. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Texas is recognized. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I urge support for the resolution, as amended. The material previously referred to by Ms. Scanlon is as follows: An Amendment to H. Res. 383 Offered By Ms. Scanlon of Pennsylvania At the end of the resolution, add the following: Sec. 3. Immediately upon adoption of this resolution, the House shall proceed to the consideration in the House of the resolution (H. Res. 178) affirming the House of Representatives' commitment to protect and strengthen Social Security and Medicare. The resolution shall be considered as read. The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the resolution and preamble to adoption without intervening motion or demand for division of the question except one hour of debate equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on Ways and Means or their respective designees. Sec. 4. Clause 1(c) of rule XIX shall not apply to the consideration of H. Res. 178. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time, and I move the previous question on the amendment and on the resolution. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on ordering the previous question on the amendment and on the resolution. The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that the ayes appeared to have it. Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays. The yeas and nays were ordered. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 9 of rule XX, this 15- minute vote on ordering the previous [[Page H2193]] question will be followed by 5-minute votes on: Adoption of the amendment to the resolution, if ordered; and Adoption of the resolution, if ordered. The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 215, nays 211, not voting 9, as follows: [Roll No. 205] YEAS--215 Aderholt Alford Allen Amodei Armstrong Arrington Babin Bacon Baird Balderson Banks Barr Bean (FL) Bentz Bergman Bice Biggs Bilirakis Bishop (NC) Boebert Bost Brecheen Buchanan Buck Bucshon Burchett Burgess Burlison Calvert Cammack Carey Carl Carter (GA) Carter (TX) Chavez-DeRemer Ciscomani Cline Cloud Clyde Cole Collins Comer Crane Crawford Crenshaw Curtis D'Esposito Davidson De La Cruz DesJarlais Diaz-Balart Donalds Duarte Duncan Dunn (FL) Edwards Ellzey Emmer Estes Ezell Fallon Feenstra Ferguson Finstad Fischbach Fitzgerald Fitzpatrick Fleischmann Flood Foxx Franklin, C. Scott Fry Fulcher Gaetz Gallagher Garbarino Garcia, Mike Gimenez Good (VA) Gooden (TX) Gosar Granger Graves (LA) Graves (MO) Green (TN) Griffith Grothman Guest Guthrie Hageman Harris Harshbarger Hern Higgins (LA) Hill Hinson Houchin Hudson Huizenga Hunt Issa Jackson (TX) James Johnson (LA) Johnson (OH) Johnson (SD) Jordan Joyce (OH) Joyce (PA) Kean (NJ) Kelly (MS) Kelly (PA) Kiggans (VA) Kiley Kim (CA) Kustoff LaHood LaLota LaMalfa Lamborn Langworthy Latta LaTurner Lee (FL) Lesko Letlow Loudermilk Lucas Luetkemeyer Luna Luttrell Mace Malliotakis Mann Mast McCarthy McCaul McClain McClintock McCormick McHenry Meuser Miller (IL) Miller (OH) Miller (WV) Miller-Meeks Mills Molinaro Moolenaar Mooney Moore (AL) Moore (UT) Moran Murphy Nehls Newhouse Norman Nunn (IA) Obernolte Ogles Owens Palmer Perry Pfluger Posey Reschenthaler Rodgers (WA) Rogers (AL) Rogers (KY) Rose Rosendale Rouzer Roy Rutherford Scalise Schweikert Scott, Austin Self Sessions Simpson Smith (MO) Smith (NE) Smith (NJ) Smucker Spartz Stauber Steel Stefanik Steil Steube Stewart Strong Tenney Thompson (PA) Tiffany Timmons Turner Valadao Van Drew Van Duyne Van Orden Wagner Walberg Waltz Weber (TX) Webster (FL) Wenstrup Westerman Williams (NY) Williams (TX) Wilson (SC) Wittman Womack Yakym Zinke NAYS--211 Adams Aguilar Allred Balint Barragan Beatty Bera Beyer Bishop (GA) Blumenauer Blunt Rochester Bonamici Bowman Boyle (PA) Brown Brownley Budzinski Bush Caraveo Carbajal Cardenas Carson Carter (LA) Cartwright Casar Case Casten Castor (FL) Castro (TX) Cherfilus-McCormick Chu Cicilline Clark (MA) Clarke (NY) Cleaver Clyburn Cohen Connolly Correa Courtney Craig Crockett Crow Cuellar Davids (KS) Davis (IL) Davis (NC) Dean (PA) DeGette DeLauro DelBene Deluzio DeSaulnier Dingell Doggett Escobar Eshoo Espaillat Evans Fletcher Foster Foushee Frankel, Lois Frost Gallego Garamendi Garcia (IL) Garcia (TX) Garcia, Robert Golden (ME) Goldman (NY) Gomez Gonzales, Tony Gonzalez, Vicente Gottheimer Green, Al (TX) Grijalva Harder (CA) Hayes Higgins (NY) Himes Horsford Houlahan Hoyer Hoyle (OR) Huffman Ivey Jackson (IL) Jackson (NC) Jackson Lee Jacobs Jayapal Jeffries Johnson (GA) Kamlager-Dove Kaptur Keating Kelly (IL) Khanna Kildee Kilmer Kim (NJ) Krishnamoorthi Kuster Landsman Larsen (WA) Larson (CT) Lee (CA) Lee (NV) Lee (PA) Leger Fernandez Levin Lieu Lofgren Lynch Magaziner Manning Matsui McBath McClellan McCollum McGarvey McGovern Meeks Menendez Meng Mfume Moore (WI) Morelle Moulton Mrvan Mullin Nadler Napolitano Neal Neguse Nickel Norcross Ocasio-Cortez Omar Pallone Panetta Pappas Pascrell Payne Pelosi Peltola Perez Peters Pettersen Phillips Pingree Pocan Porter Pressley Quigley Ramirez Raskin Ross Ruiz Ruppersberger Ryan Salinas Sanchez Sarbanes Scanlon Schakowsky Schiff Schneider Scholten Schrier Scott (VA) Scott, David Sewell Sherman Sherrill Slotkin Smith (WA) Sorensen Soto Spanberger Stansbury Stanton Stevens Strickland Swalwell Sykes Takano Thanedar Thompson (CA) Thompson (MS) Titus Tlaib Tokuda Tonko Torres (CA) Torres (NY) Trahan Trone Underwood Vargas Vasquez Veasey Velazquez Wasserman Schultz Waters Watson Coleman Wexton Wild Williams (GA) Wilson (FL) NOT VOTING--9 Auchincloss Costa Greene (GA) Lawler Massie Moskowitz Pence Salazar Santos {time} 1750 Messrs. TAKANO, CUELLAR, Ms. STRICKLAND, Messrs. DAVIS of Illinois, CLYBURN, Mses. PELOSI, JACKSON LEE, and Mr. LARSEN of Washington changed their vote from ``yea'' to ``nay.'' So the previous question was ordered. The result of the vote was announced as above recorded. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Roy). The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that the ayes appeared to have it. Recorded Vote Ms. SCANLON. Mr. Speaker, I demand a recorded vote. A recorded vote was ordered. The SPEAKER pro tempore. This is a 5-minute vote. The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 236, noes 190, not voting 9, as follows: [Roll No. 206] AYES--236 Aderholt Alford Allen Amodei Armstrong Arrington Babin Bacon Baird Balderson Banks Barr Bean (FL) Bentz Bergman Bice Biggs Bilirakis Bishop (NC) Boebert Bost Brecheen Buchanan Buck Bucshon Burchett Burgess Burlison Calvert Cammack Carey Carl Carter (GA) Carter (TX) Chavez-DeRemer Ciscomani Cline Cloud Clyde Cole Collins Comer Craig Crane Crawford Crenshaw Curtis D'Esposito Davidson Davis (NC) De La Cruz Deluzio DesJarlais Diaz-Balart Donalds Duarte Duncan Edwards Ellzey Emmer Estes Ezell Fallon Feenstra Ferguson Finstad Fischbach Fitzgerald Fitzpatrick Fleischmann Flood Foxx Franklin, C. Scott Fry Fulcher Gaetz Gallagher Garbarino Garcia, Mike Gimenez Good (VA) Gooden (TX) Gosar Gottheimer Granger Graves (LA) Graves (MO) Green (TN) Griffith Grothman Guest Guthrie Hageman Harder (CA) Harris Harshbarger Hern Higgins (LA) Hill Hinson Houchin Houlahan Hudson Huizenga Hunt Issa Jackson (TX) James Johnson (LA) Johnson (OH) Johnson (SD) Jordan Joyce (OH) Joyce (PA) Kaptur Kean (NJ) Kelly (MS) Kelly (PA) Kiggans (VA) Kiley Kim (CA) Kustoff LaHood LaLota LaMalfa Lamborn Langworthy Latta LaTurner Lee (FL) Lee (NV) Lesko Letlow Levin Loudermilk Lucas Luetkemeyer Luna Luttrell Mace Magaziner Malliotakis Mann Mast McCarthy McCaul McClain McClintock McCormick McHenry Meuser Miller (IL) Miller (OH) Miller (WV) Miller-Meeks Mills Molinaro Moolenaar Mooney Moore (AL) Moore (UT) Moran Murphy Nehls Newhouse Norman Nunn (IA) Obernolte Ogles Owens Palmer Panetta Peltola Perez Perry Pfluger Posey Reschenthaler Rodgers (WA) Rogers (AL) Rogers (KY) Rose Rosendale Rouzer Roy Rutherford Ryan Salazar Salinas Scalise Scholten Schrier Schweikert Scott, Austin Self Sessions Sherrill Simpson Slotkin Smith (MO) Smith (NE) Smith (NJ) Smucker Sorensen Spanberger Stauber Steel Stefanik Steil Steube Stewart Strong Tenney Thompson (PA) Tiffany Timmons Turner Valadao Van Drew Van Duyne Van Orden Wagner Walberg Waltz Weber (TX) Webster (FL) Wenstrup Westerman Wild Williams (NY) Williams (TX) Wilson (SC) Wittman Womack Yakym Zinke NOES--190 Adams Aguilar Allred Balint Barragan Beatty Bera Beyer Bishop (GA) Blumenauer Blunt Rochester Bonamici Bowman Boyle (PA) Brown Brownley Budzinski Bush Caraveo Carbajal Cardenas Carson Carter (LA) Cartwright Casar Case Casten Castor (FL) Castro (TX) Cherfilus-McCormick Chu Cicilline [[Page H2194]] Clark (MA) Clarke (NY) Cleaver Clyburn Cohen Connolly Correa Courtney Crockett Crow Cuellar Davids (KS) Davis (IL) Dean (PA) DeGette DeLauro DelBene DeSaulnier Dingell Doggett Escobar Eshoo Espaillat Evans Fletcher Foster Foushee Frankel, Lois Frost Gallego Garamendi Garcia (IL) Garcia (TX) Garcia, Robert Golden (ME) Goldman (NY) Gomez Gonzales, Tony Gonzalez, Vicente Green, Al (TX) Grijalva Hayes Higgins (NY) Himes Horsford Hoyer Hoyle (OR) Huffman Ivey Jackson (IL) Jackson (NC) Jackson Lee Jacobs Jayapal Jeffries Johnson (GA) Kamlager-Dove Keating Kelly (IL) Khanna Kildee Kilmer Kim (NJ) Krishnamoorthi Kuster Landsman Larsen (WA) Larson (CT) Lee (CA) Lee (PA) Leger Fernandez Lieu Lofgren Lynch Manning Matsui McBath McClellan McCollum McGarvey McGovern Meeks Menendez Meng Mfume Moore (WI) Morelle Moulton Mrvan Mullin Nadler Napolitano Neal Neguse Nickel Norcross Ocasio-Cortez Omar Pallone Pappas Pascrell Payne Pelosi Peters Pettersen Phillips Pingree Pocan Porter Pressley Quigley Ramirez Raskin Ross Ruiz Ruppersberger Sanchez Sarbanes Scanlon Schakowsky Schiff Schneider Scott (VA) Scott, David Sewell Sherman Smith (WA) Soto Spartz Stansbury Stanton Stevens Strickland Swalwell Sykes Takano Thanedar Thompson (CA) Thompson (MS) Titus Tlaib Tokuda Tonko Torres (CA) Torres (NY) Trahan Trone Underwood Vargas Vasquez Veasey Velazquez Wasserman Schultz Waters Watson Coleman Wexton Williams (GA) Wilson (FL) NOT VOTING--9 Auchincloss Costa Dunn (FL) Greene (GA) Lawler Massie Moskowitz Pence Santos ____________________