[Congressional Record Volume 169, Number 45 (Thursday, March 9, 2023)]
[House]
[Pages H1235-H1241]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




         GROWING THREATS AND HARMS FROM THE RIGHTWING JUDICIARY

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of 
January 9, 2023, the gentlewoman from Pennsylvania (Ms. Lee) is 
recognized for 60 minutes as the designee of the minority leader.


                             General Leave

  Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that 
all

[[Page H1236]]

Members may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their 
remarks and to submit extraneous material into the Record.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentlewoman from Pennsylvania?
  There was no objection.
  Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I rise today on behalf of the 
Congressional Progressive Caucus to convene this Special Order hour 
today to discuss the growing threats and harms that we have seen from 
our rightwing judiciary.
  From student loan debt to reproductive justice and rights, millions 
of Americans have found their rights stripped or their prosperity or 
their interests impeded.
  Indeed, I stand here today on behalf of the more than 40 million 
working- and middle-class Americans eligible for relief under President 
Biden's student debt cancellation plan, who might never see that relief 
because a Republican-appointed Supreme Court majority chose to take up 
a politically motivated lawsuit brought by a network of rightwing 
billionaires.
  To the 1.7 million Pennsylvanians afraid that SCOTUS could rip up 
your debt relief, I feel your pain.
  As a Black woman and a first-generation college student, and a Pell 
grant recipient that is still in a mountain of student debt myself, I 
am right there with you--angry and exhausted by a system that is 
failing us miserably.
  Like you, every single decision I make is shaped by the obscene 
amount of student debt I carry because I had the audacity to pursue a 
higher education--as the daughter of a working-class single mom from 
the Mon Valley, indeed.
  Millions of folks can't start their lives because of the suffocating 
burden of their student loan debt; and yet in 2023, only 44 out of the 
435 Members of the U.S. House of Representatives carry any student loan 
debt.
  While I hope there are more of us with that lived expertise, I want 
the rest of my colleagues to hear about the people closest to the pain, 
like my sister Representative Ayanna Pressley would say.
  For poor and working-class folks, crushing student debt is preventing 
us from buying homes, for saving for retirement, starting businesses, 
starting families, and building generational wealth.
  For all Black college graduates who owe an average of $25,000 more in 
student loan debt, and for all Black women who carry the highest 
student debt burdens, it is an even greater barrier.
  It is an economic crisis for all poor and working-class folks, and 
Black and Brown folks are getting hit the hardest.
  In western Pennsylvania, the student debt crisis is a regional crisis 
holding our future hostage by preventing students and workers from 
accessing the training they need for our region to become the 
innovation hub and leader in STEM that hundreds of thousands of good-
paying jobs depend on right now.
  Under President Biden's plan, one in four Black borrowers will see 
their debt fully eliminated, and nearly half of all Latino borrowers 
will be entirely debt free.
  This is our best shot at addressing the systemic inequities that have 
forced communities of color to take on higher debt for the chance at a 
college degree.
  On the day the Supreme Court began hearing the case that could rip 
away relief from this crisis, I met with a group of student organizers 
from western Pennsylvania on the frontlines of this fight.
  Those students who camped out overnight in front of the Supreme Court 
in the rain to have their voices heard told me what student debt relief 
would mean to them. They asked me what insight I had in my first 2 
months in Congress. I told them these problems are systemic, systemic 
both in who is behind these attacks and who they hurt the most.
  My community will be punished for getting an education for the same 
reason half of this country doesn't have the freedom to control our 
bodies and our futures, and the same reason a Federal judge in Texas is 
expected to outlaw abortion pills.
  It is the same reason that corporations are allowed to spend 
unlimited amounts of money on elections and the same reason corporate 
PACs are able to come in and blow Black women out of the water when we 
run for office.
  It is because an unelected rightwing Republican-appointed judiciary 
is waging a full-on assault on our freedoms.
  Those folks whose forebearers were enslaved are the folks who today 
are shackled by tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of 
dollars in student loan debt.
  It is those who are denied access to adequate maternal healthcare by 
the wealthiest country on Earth that are subjected to forced birth. It 
is those whose loved ones fled violence for a better life but are 
separated from their children and locked up at the border.
  The most marginalized folks bear the brunt of the reactionary 
rightwing judiciary's attacks--Black folks, Brown folks, trans folks, 
poor folks, and otherwise marginalized folks.
  Our communities deserve leaders who will fight back as hard as the 
organizers back home fight every single day; leaders who carry student 
debt, who have depended on food stamps, leaders who lack access to 
reproductive healthcare on Medicaid, who went to public schools that 
were divested, who lived with poor air quality because of unregulated 
industry. We deserve those sorts of leaders in office to tackle these 
issues.
  That is why I was sent to Congress.
  Now I will yield to my colleagues with the lived expertise to fight 
for you.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Massachusetts (Ms. 
Pressley.)
  Ms. PRESSLEY. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague and my dear friend 
from Pennsylvania for making this Special Order hour a priority. I know 
your constituents and the people of this country appreciate it.
  I rise today on behalf of the people across our Nation seeking access 
to abortion care. While there are many forces and people at work who 
seek to spread lies and misinformation, let me set the record straight. 
Abortion care is routine medical care. Abortion care is safe. Abortion 
care is a fundamental human right. Abortion care is healthcare.
  One in four women in this country seek abortion, women that you know, 
love, work, and worship with. Right now, a pending court case in Texas 
aims to restrict access to medication abortion across the entire 
Nation.
  Over 40 percent of abortion care in this Nation is medication 
abortion, a simple and safe protocol where patients are prescribed two 
medications to end a pregnancy.
  A single man--a far right Trump-appointed judge in Texas--stands to 
make a decision that could strike down the FDA's approval of one of 
these drugs and restrict access to care to millions; a frightening 
precedent.
  Imagine for a moment if a judge was poised to strike down access to 
another safe and effective drug routinely used as part of medical care 
like Tylenol or Advil. We would call it out for exactly what it is: 
inappropriate overreach, overreach that will cause harm.
  Mifepristone was first approved by the FDA more than 20 years ago and 
has since been used by more than 5 million people to safely end their 
pregnancies both in their homes and at health centers.
  Earlier this year, following dedicated advocacy by myself, my 
colleagues, and advocates across our Nation, the Biden administration 
permanently lifted in-person dispensing requirements for mifepristone, 
allowing retail pharmacies to stock the medication and further expand 
access to medication abortion.
  This medication is safe and necessary. Not only should abortion care 
be available, but what type of abortion care a patient receives should 
be decided between a patient and their doctor, not some partisan court.
  At a time when abortion access is already out of reach for millions 
after the fall of Roe, taking mifepristone off the market would further 
compromise abortion access across the country, including in States 
where the right to an abortion is protected, like my home State of 
Massachusetts.
  This case is another emboldened rightwing judge trying to take away 
our bodily autonomy. Again, mifepristone is safe, it is effective.
  For people across our Nation who are seeking care, you can go to

[[Page H1237]]

AbortionFinder.org to navigate how to get the medical care which you 
seek.
  This is a deeply volatile and hostile time to be a person in America 
in need of reproductive healthcare.
  I will never stop pressing for our full humanity and bodily autonomy. 
My body, my choice. Your body, your choice.

                              {time}  1730

  Mr. Speaker, I thank, once again, my dear colleague, Summer Lee of 
Pennsylvania. We are so glad you are here in Congress. Again, I am 
grateful for this Special Order hour.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise on behalf of over 40 million people from all 
walks of life burdened by our unjust student debt crisis--the 
grandparents, the Black and Brown folks, women, students, members of 
the LGBTQ community, workers, parents, teachers, young people, and 
more, everyone who organized, mobilized, and shared their stories to 
make the case for national student debt cancellation.
  After years of advocacy, President Biden heeded our calls. With the 
stroke of a pen and clear legal authority, he canceled student debt and 
opened a path for millions to get ahead, make ends meet, build 
generational wealth, grow their families, purchase homes, and narrow 
our shameful and growing racial wealth gap.
  But callous and spiteful Republican officials and their allies on the 
courts are, once again, poised to stand in the way of progress. They 
see the transformative power of canceling student debt. They see how 
sorely needed it is. They see how powerful it is. So, they are choosing 
obstruction, even for their own constituents.
  While this far-right Supreme Court deliberates and continues to leave 
our borrowers in limbo, let me make it plain: Student debt cancellation 
will change and save lives. While there are those who seek to play with 
your life, Democrats are here fighting to change and save lives with 
policies that go as far and as deep as the hurt is.
  The President's authority to cancel student debt is clear. The 
administration's legal case is sound. The only question is, will the 
Supreme Court uphold the law? It must.
  Mr. Speaker, 40 million people stand to benefit from this 
transformative plan, including over 100,000 people in my district, the 
Massachusetts Seventh. We can't stop and we won't stop fighting to 
deliver this critical relief the President promised.
  Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from 
Georgia.
  Mr. JOHNSON of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, this is a very important topic 
that we are here tonight to discuss, the rightwing reactionary 
judiciary.
  I will start by reading a quote that was set out in an article 
written by Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein and published in The 
Washington Post back in June 2022. They cited President George 
Washington, our Nation's first President, in his 1796 Farewell Address, 
where he cautioned that American democracy was fragile. ``Cunning, 
ambitious, and unprincipled men will be enabled to subvert the power of 
the people and to usurp for themselves the reins of government,'' he 
warned.
  He was warning us about what could happen to our democracy. The 
article that Woodward and Bernstein wrote in June 2022 was talking 
about the scandal that they broke back in the 1970s involving 
Republican President Richard Nixon and how he tried to subvert the 
electoral process by burglarizing the Democratic Party headquarters 
and, by espionage, sabotage, and false information, how he used that to 
arrive at his opponent in the general election, how he subverted the 
Democratic primary process to select the candidate that he wanted to 
run against, and he was successful.
  It was Woodward and Bernstein who revealed what is known as the 
Watergate scandal, which led to the resignation of Richard Nixon. In 
his wake, he left a game plan as to the weaknesses in our democracy 
that he was able to exploit.
  Then along comes Donald Trump. This is what the June 2022 article was 
about, how Trump took it to the next level, another Republican 
President. What Trump tried to do in subverting our electoral process 
was to actually subvert the electoral college count process, first by 
the fake electors scheme and then using them to force the Vice 
President to stop the count and send the fake electors and the 
electoral count back to the States so that he could win the election.
  When that failed, President Trump dispatched an armed and violent mob 
to the Capitol to actually stop the counting of the electoral votes. 
That is our history.
  It was the United States Supreme Court that stopped Richard Nixon, 
but if it had been Donald Trump and today, I am not sure that today's 
Supreme Court would have stopped Trump. Why? Because our Court has been 
captured by rightwing extremists. Our United States Supreme Court has 
been packed by Donald Trump and Mitch McConnell with extreme rightwing 
ideologues who are intent on taking us back into an archaic time in the 
Nation's history when women had no rights, Blacks had no rights, anyone 
other than White males in America had no rights, not equal rights.
  This Court was packed with these rightwing extremist ideologues when 
Mitch McConnell refused to engage in the appointment and confirmation 
process for Merrick Garland 10 months before the Presidential election, 
announcing the theory that there is a new rule that, during an election 
year, we can't appoint a new Justice to the Supreme Court.
  That position, caused by the death of Scalia, was left vacant until 
such time as Republicans won the Senate and Donald Trump came into 
office and was able to appoint a Justice to the Supreme Court that 
should have been a Justice appointed by President Obama.
  He got two more picks during his years, and he picked Federalist 
Society judges. He had made a campaign pledge to appoint them. These 
are Justices that come from a political organization, the Federalist 
Society, with political ideals and objectives.
  They have three new Justices appointed. They already had two that 
were on there, so now we have a supermajority, every one of which 
belongs to the Federalist Society and every one of which was selected 
by the Federalist Society for their seat. These Justices have a program 
that they are carrying out. It is the Republican playbook.
  One of the things they want to do is take away power from President 
Trump, not because of any lofty ideal but simply because it is 
President Biden who announced the policy.

  One of the things that is getting ready to happen is the Court is 
prepared to strike down student debt relief for millions of Americans, 
despite the fact that the clear language in the statute allows for the 
President to have that discretion. The Supreme Court will find a way, 
as the lower courts have done, to prevent the President, this 
President, from exercising that executive authority.
  It is another demonstration of why the public has lost confidence in 
the United States Supreme Court. With that loss of confidence in the 
Court comes a loss of confidence in the rule of law.
  Justice and the rule of law are bedrocks of our democracy. If the 
people lose confidence, it doesn't work.
  What is the solution to this dilemma that we face? I have a couple 
that I have proposed. One would expand this United States Supreme 
Court, unpack it. They say that you are trying to pack it, but no, we 
are trying to unpack it. They packed it. Republicans packed it. We are 
trying to unpack it.
  It is for the sake of our democracy that we need to pass legislation 
that unpacks the Court and expands it with four additional seats.
  Something else we need to do is that we have reached a point where 
lifetime tenure does not work anymore. We have Federalist Society 
Justices on the Court and Federalist Society judges throughout the 
Federal courts who have lifetime tenure. They are young. They can 
change our society for the next 30, 40, 50 years, so we have to have 
reform in our courts.
  We have to expand the ranks of the Federal district court judges, the 
Federal circuit court judges, and, yes, the United States Supreme 
Court.
  We need to add term limits to the United States Supreme Court so that 
there is a regular infusion of modernity and sensibility to the Court 
so that it does not grow old, stale, and stodgy. I have legislation 
that would create such a regimen of 18-year term limits for Supreme 
Court Justices.

[[Page H1238]]

  Last but not least, you would be surprised to know that, unlike other 
Federal court judges who are bound by a code of conduct, the Supreme 
Court Justices are not bound by a code of conduct.
  That is how you can have a situation where a Supreme Court Justice 
can have a wife that is taking money from interests with cases before 
the Court, putting that money in the pocketbook of that spouse which is 
enjoyed by her husband sitting on the Supreme Court.
  They don't have a code of ethics, so we need a code of conduct that 
is applicable to the Justices on the Supreme Court, and I have 
legislation that would provide for that, which needs to be passed as 
well.
  I know, Congresswoman Lee, that I have exhibited extreme wokeness 
today, and I apologize to this body for descending into wokeness, but I 
wouldn't really want to be any way other than woke.
  Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from 
Florida (Mrs. Cherfilus-McCormick).
  Mrs. CHERFILUS-McCORMICK. Mr. Speaker, thank you for allowing us to 
address the floor this evening, and thank you to the Congressional 
Progressive Caucus for holding this Special Order hour.
  I rise today on behalf of the millions of Americans whose student 
loan debt balances are at risk of escalating due to the rightwing 
reactionary judiciary.
  Hundreds of borrowers from across the country gathered in front of 
the Supreme Court on February 28 to express their discontentment. West 
Palm Beach resident Kayla shared: I think President Biden's loan 
forgiveness plan is a good thing for college students who don't have 
funds to pay for college. Indeed, this is a good thing.
  One important aspect of the debt relief program is that it addresses 
the unequal burden that student debt has placed on borrowers of color.

                              {time}  1745

  Mr. Speaker, 40.2 percent of White undergraduate students use student 
loan debt to pay for their school, while 50 percent of Black students 
use student loan debt. In addition, approximately 72 percent of Latinx 
students take on debt.
  By providing up to $20,000 in debt relief to borrowers that received 
a Pell Grant, President Biden's plan would allow one in four Black 
borrowers to see their debt fully eliminated, and nearly half of all 
Latinx borrowers to be entirely debt free.
  This is so important because Black and Brown college graduates owe an 
average of $25,000 more in student loan debt than their White 
counterparts.
  Furthermore, Black bachelor's degree holders have an average of 
$52,000 in student loan debt. Over 50 percent of Black student 
borrowers report that their net worth is less than they owe in student 
loan debt.
  The disparity between the amount owed by Black and White borrowers 
quadruples 12 years after graduation. Four years after earning their 
degrees, 48 percent of Black students owe an average of 12.5 percent 
more than what they borrowed. After that same time period, 83 percent 
of White students owe 12 percent less than what they borrowed.
  In addition, women hold nearly two-thirds of outstanding debt in this 
country. Black women carry the highest student loan debt burden of any 
race or ethnicity.
  We must address the unequal burden that student loan debt has had on 
borrowers of color. I ask the majority of the Supreme Court to turn 
against the right-wing, reactionary agenda and to deliver for the 40 
million people in June.
  We rely on our education systems. Education and higher education is 
one of the pivotal equitable points that we have in this country. We 
must protect it for everyone.
  The destiny of our country is dependent on everyone being able to 
matriculate through school, pursue their education, and give back to 
this country that we love so much.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman for holding this Special Order 
hour. To the Congressional Progressive Black Caucus, and the anchor, 
the gentlewoman from Pennsylvania (Ms. Lee), it is an honor to be here 
this evening to speak on behalf of the student loan borrowers. But it 
is also a special honor to be here tonight with my Howard University 
alumna.
  Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleagues with the 
Congressional Progressive Caucus for raising up the danger of the far-
right court.
  I yield to the gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. McGarvey), my colleague.
  Mr. McGARVEY. Mr. Speaker, 3 years ago this Monday, in the middle of 
the night, without warning, four Louisville Metro Police Department 
officers bashed in the door of a 26-year-old woman's home.
  Startled and terrified, as any of us would be, she and her boyfriend 
leapt from bed. Her boyfriend grabbed his gun and fired a single shot 
in the direction of the intruders.
  In the barrage of return fire, she was killed in her home, cowering 
by her bed from intruders she never knew were police.
  Then silence.
  It took 2 months before we learned that that woman was Breonna 
Taylor.
  Laurie Anderson said:

       You die three times. First, when your heart stops. Second, 
     when you are cremated or buried. And third is the last time 
     someone says your name.

  Say her name. Breonna Taylor.
  Breonna Taylor was a caregiver from a young age, an EMT who saved 
lives; a young woman looking for her American Dream, not just a 
nameless victim.
  Breonna Taylor was loved and had so much to give. Breonna Taylor's 
math teacher called her brilliant, saying, ``she had a beautiful mind 
and she was very helpful to others.
  Breonna Taylor was someone's sister.
  Breonna Taylor was someone's girlfriend.
  Breonna Taylor was someone's daughter.
  Breonna Taylor was someone.
  Breonna Taylor was 26 years old, with dreams, plans, and her whole 
life in front of her.
  We will never forget how Breonna Taylor died.
  We also have to remember how she lived; that is the life that was 
taken that night: 26 years old, convicted of no crime, charged with no 
crime. Didn't even know it was the police who had broken into her home.
  It took 2 months before we even knew to say Breonna Taylor's name.
  It was 2 months of the LMPD hoping Breonna Taylor's death would be 
swept under the rug.
  We know that LMPD was there without probable cause on a deliberately 
falsified warrant.
  We know that this extreme tragic, horrific killing was not an 
isolated incident.
  We know this because yesterday, 5 days before the third anniversary 
of Breonna Taylor's death, the United States Department of Justice 
released a report that unequivocally found disturbing patterns of 
systemic racism within the LMPD.
  This report is based on an exhaustive, nearly 2-year-long 
investigation into the LMPD. But there is nothing in these pages we 
didn't already know.
  Still, the report is damning. It is heartbreaking to read.
  However, this report is a beginning, and not an end. We should seize 
this moment to right past wrongs and protect everyone in our community.
  But let's not forget, Breonna Taylor should be alive today. Her mom 
would rather have Breonna alive than a report.
  Breonna Taylor's death should not have been the catalyst for change 
and accountability. We should have addressed this a long time ago.
  Breonna Taylor deserves justice and, while we can't bring her back 
for her family and friends, we can help keep Breonna's spirit alive.

  We should remember Breonna Taylor as the funny, bright, caring, and 
loving young woman she was, and carry her memory with us as we take 
action to demand real, lasting change.
  Let's say her name. Breonna Taylor.
  Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I thank Congressman McGarvey, 
particularly for lifting up and saying the name of Breonna Taylor here 
in this space and recognizing the continued struggle for accountability 
for the thousands, now, way too many, victims of police violence whose 
names we could not say in this short hour that we have here today.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Jackson Lee).

[[Page H1239]]

  

  Ms. JACKSON LEE. Mr. Speaker, let me thank the gentlewoman from 
Pennsylvania for her leadership. Hopefully, we have been able to share 
some very important thoughts. I thank her for presiding and leading us 
on this very important discussion.
  We have a Constitution. I hope that I will be holding the 
Constitution in my hand in a short while.
  Obviously, Article I is the Congress. We are to represent the people 
of this Nation.
  Article II is the executive branch.
  Article III are supposed to be unfettered, unbiased courts, the 
Federal courts. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes all over the 
region, all over the Nation. They are what we call Article III courts.
  Certainly, there are State courts, and there are county courts, and 
there are city courts, but the Federal courts are the place where we 
believe that there should be the infrastructure of justice, where I can 
come, where no place else, I might find justice. I can even be pro se. 
That means, without counsel.
  But the laws and the responsibility of the judges, clearly, are to 
make me feel that I will be receiving justice.
  So it saddens me, as a member of the Bar, and someone who, through 
law school, viewed the Federal judiciary in the highest esteem.
  I was an Earl Warren training fellow. Earl Warren, the Supreme Court 
Justice, Republican, appointed by Eisenhower, I recall, and who 
presided over the Brown v. Topeka Board of Education that opened the 
doors for many to be able to have an education that was not segregated, 
and many other cases that the Court presided over.
  But there was something unique that, I believe, that held our 
consciousness. We always felt that the courts would render truthful 
judgments, or that they would look for the truth, and that they would 
discern, between the plaintiff and the defendant, who was telling the 
truth; and they would rule in justice and the law for those who told 
the truth.
  I hold in my hand the Constitution that also includes the Declaration 
of Independence, where we all are created equal, with certain 
inalienable rights, of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
  I loved what the Founding Fathers said: The power under the 
Constitution will always be in the people and it is entrusted for 
certain defined purposes.
  It is important to note that even though the men who have said these 
words were not perfect, the words epitomize who we are; that no matter 
who you are, what ``unempowerment'' you may have, you should have power 
in the courts. You should have power in this country, by the very 
essence of the Constitution.
  So I watched with intensity, as a Member of this body, and as a 
senior member of the Judiciary Committee, all of the confirmation 
hearings where they were selecting a United States Supreme Court 
Justice.
  What struck me most of all, to the last two Justices before Justice 
Ketanji Brown Jackson, is the questioning after questioning to ask 
them, was Roe v. Wade sound law?
  Was Roe v. Wade precedent?
  Was Roe v. Wade, for them, a standard of the whole question of 
precedent that is a basic premise, tenet, basic foundation of the 
justice that we look to have rendered; that we can count on the Supreme 
Court's decision; whether it is Brown v. Topeka Board of Education--
maybe that is not solid law, that you can no longer segregate, 
discriminate in education at all levels; break the chains of 
segregation in the one-story, one-room schoolhouse with no books, for 
the Colored children, the Negro children, the Black children, in that 
instance, which the South proceeded to try and go around by having 
these private schools.
  So, your whole life is around getting justice; and Roe v. Wade was to 
indicate a stop to back-alley abortions; women dying; being maligned 
and disgraced; maybe not able to have children ever again. We were able 
to perceive that that was really a medical decision, and it was a 
decision that a woman's faith, doctor, and family would help her make; 
that no one could police your body; that Roe v. Wade was the law of the 
land.
  Yet, in a matter of months--I thought it was just simply seconds--
puff went Roe v. Wade, even in spite of the testimony of the two 
Justices promoted to the Supreme Court by the former President of the 
United States that, over and over again, in answer to the question, 
they said, Roe v. Wade was precedent. That it was the law of the land.
  They were under oath, and they did not tell the truth because what 
happened is that when the Dobbs case came, they immediately jumped to 
their personal views, their personal beliefs, their personal dislikes, 
their personal cause and crusade, and ruled abortion, as defined by the 
Ninth Amendment, of which Roe v. Wade was based on, the right to 
privacy, unconstitutional.
  I don't even know how that could be.

                              {time}  1800

  And States like Texas followed with the most heinous of abortion laws 
that you could ever imagine, criminalizing providers and criminalizing 
women; creating a havoc in our State; people having to flee across 
State lines because they could not get the honest and safe medical 
treatment needed, that was dictated by their physician, their 
healthcare provider; threatening healthcare providers; threatening 
Planned Parenthood; threatening clinics; misinterpreting medical 
procedures as abortions.
  I, frankly, believe this MAGA extremism is the very reason why the 
great tsunami that was expected in the 2022 election did not happen. 
They did not pay attention to, in 2021, 861 women died of maternal 
causes in the United States. In the U.S., two-thirds of those 
pregnancy-related deaths were preventable, and for every pregnancy-
related death, there are 70 pregnancy-related near-death experiences.
  It is extremely important that we tell it like it is: Women fleeing 
to get healthcare; doctors being arrested; nurses being arrested, under 
law, because of Dodd; and, of course, women themselves being 
threatened.
  Let me just read some headlines that came about through this Dodd 
decision where the Justices would not adhere to the truth and the 
honesty of their testimony during confirmation hearings under oath 
where they said that Roe v. Wade was precedent.
  Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record an article entitled: ``Five 
women sued Texas over abortion access.''

                     [From BBC News, Mar. 9, 2023]

               Five Women Sue Texas Over Abortion Access

                          (By Holly Honderich)

       Ms. Zurawski spent three days in intensive care, leaving 
     the hospital after a week, the legal action says. The ordeal 
     has made it harder for her to conceive in future, she said.
       The four other women had to travel outside Texas for an 
     abortion.
       One of the plaintiffs, Ms. Miller, said: ``Healthcare 
     should not be determined by some politician with no 
     understanding of medicine or the critical role that abortion 
     care plays in pregnancy. How is it that I can get an abortion 
     for a dog but not for me?''
       Two of the women's foetuses had conditions that meant they 
     did not develop a skull, according to the lawsuit.
       These cases ``are just tip of the iceberg'', the Center for 
     Reproductive Justice's Ms, Northup said.
       Their 91-page complaint asks for a ruling that clarifies 
     Texas' law and its stance on ``medical emergencies'' for 
     pregnant women facing grave health risks.
       ``With the threat of losing their medical licences, fines 
     of hundreds of thousands of dollars, and up to 99 years in 
     prison lingering over their heads, it is no wonder that 
     doctors and hospitals are turning patients away--even 
     patients in medical emergencies,'' the lawsuit reads.
       According to a survey by the Pew Research Center conducted 
     last year, 61% of Americans say abortion should be legal in 
     all or most circumstances, though the opinion poll found 
     public support for the procedure fell as a pregnancy 
     progressed.
       Texas' legislature, which is under Republican control, has 
     been at the forefront of anti-abortion legislation, becoming 
     the first state to enact a near-total ban.
       And the state will be home to another abortion battle soon: 
     a Texas judge is expected to rule on a case about abortion 
     pills this week.
       The Trump-appointed US District Court Judge Matthew 
     Kacsmaryk will decide whether Mifepristone--one of the two 
     drugs used in an abortion pill regime--can continue to be 
     sold in the US.
       Five women who say they were denied abortions in Texas 
     despite facing life-threatening health risks have sued the 
     state over its abortion ban.
       Texas bars abortions except for medical emergencies, with 
     doctors facing punishment of up to 99 years in jail.
       According to the lawsuit, doctors are refusing the 
     procedure even in extreme cases out of fear of prosecution.

[[Page H1240]]

       In a statement, the office of Attorney General Ken Paxton 
     said he would ``enforce the laws'' of the state.
       Mr, Paxton ``is committed to doing everything in his power 
     to protect mothers, families, and unborn children'', the 
     statement said.
       The Center for Reproductive Justice has filed the legal 
     action on behalf of the five women--Ashley Brandt, Lauren 
     Hall, Lauren Miller, Anna Zargarian and Amanda Zurawski--and 
     two healthcare providers that are also plaintiffs.
       The pro-choice group said it is the first time pregnant 
     women themselves have taken action against anti-abortion laws 
     passed across the US since the Supreme Court last year 
     removed constitutional protection for abortion rights.
       ``It is now dangerous to be pregnant in Texas,'' said Nancy 
     Northup, the centre's president on Tuesday.
       With Ms. Northup outside the Texas Capitol in Austin on 
     Tuesday, the plaintiffs--two pregnant--shared harrowing 
     stories of their previous, lost pregnancies.
       According to the legal action, all were told that their 
     foetuses would not survive, but were not given the option of 
     an abortion, which they described as ``standard medical 
     procedure'' throughout the country and in the state before 
     Texas' ban came into effect.
       Ms. Zurawski, 35, said she had become pregnant after 18 
     months of fertility treatments. She had just entered her 
     second trimester when she was told she had dilated 
     prematurely and that the loss of her foetus, whom she and her 
     husband had named Willow, was ``inevitable''.
       ``But even though we would, with complete certainty, lose 
     Willow, my doctor could not intervene while her heart was 
     still beating or until I was sick enough for the ethics board 
     at the hospital to consider my life at risk,'' Ms. Zurawski 
     said.
       For three days, trapped in a ``bizarre and avoidable 
     hell'', Ms. Zurawski was forced to wait until her body 
     entered sepsis--also known as blood poisoning--and doctors 
     were allowed to perform an abortion, according to the 
     lawsuit.

  Ms. JACKSON LEE. Mr. Speaker, one of them could not get care until 
they got blood poisoning, when the doctor was willing to see them.
  Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record an article from The Washington 
Post: ``Woman says she carried dead fetus for 2 weeks after Texas 
abortion ban.''

               [From the Washington Post, July 20, 2022]

 Woman Says She Carried Dead Fetus for 2 Weeks After Texas Abortion Ban

                           (By Timothy Bella)

       Marlena Stell's happiness turned to heartbreak after she 
     found out about 9\1/2\ weeks into her pregnancy that she had 
     suffered a miscarriage.
       After she was told last year that the fetus did not have a 
     heartbeat and she no longer had a viable pregnancy, the Texas 
     woman asked her doctor to perform a dilation and curettage, 
     or D and C--a standard procedure to remove the fetus 
     following a miscarriage to help prevent infection or long-
     term health problems. Stell had the procedure after her first 
     miscarriage in 2018 in Washington state, when she felt so 
     much pain that she could not walk, and she wanted to go 
     through with it again before trying again for a second child, 
     she told The Washington Post.
       But Stell was even more devastated to learn that because 
     the procedure is also used during abortions, which a Texas 
     law had greatly restricted, the doctor did not want to 
     perform a D and C. Stell would be forced to carry her dead 
     fetus for two weeks before she could find a provider to give 
     her the medical intervention that physicians had denied her.
       ``My doctor had said that since the heartbeat bill had just 
     passed, she didn't want me to do a D and C. And she asked 
     that I try to miscarry at home,'' said Stell, 42, of Conroe, 
     Tex. ``It just was emotionally difficult walking around, 
     knowing that I had a dead fetus inside.''
       Stell, a beauty influencer with about 1.5 million YouTube 
     subscribers, is sharing her story in the weeks after the 
     Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade as a reminder that the 
     restrictive abortion laws adopted by states such as Texas 
     could affect those who have suffered miscarriages.
       ``People need to understand how these laws affect all 
     women, even cases like mine,'' she said. ``I feel like it's 
     very dangerous for government of any type to be intervening 
     in a woman's care because there's multiple reasons of why she 
     may need a procedure.''
       Stell's story is an example of what physicians and patients 
     could face when it comes to care for miscarriages and 
     maternal health almost a month after the Supreme Court's 
     ruling in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization.
       As The Post recently reported, doctors in multiple states 
     say the standard of care for miscarriages, as well as ectopic 
     pregnancies and other common complications, are being 
     scrutinized, delayed, or even denied. In Texas--where 
     Attorney General Ken Paxton (R) is suing the Biden 
     administration over federal rules requiring abortions to be 
     provided in medical emergencies to save the life of the 
     mother--some doctors are reporting that pharmacists have 
     begun questioning patients who they suspect could be using 
     their miscarriage medications for abortions.
       ``It is traumatizing to stand in a pharmacy and have to 
     tell them publicly that you are having a miscarriage, that 
     there is not a heartbeat,'' Rashmi Kudesia, a fertility 
     specialist in Houston, told The Post on Saturday.
       The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 
     estimates that more than 1 in 4 pregnancies end in 
     miscarriage, the spontaneous demise of a fetus that commonly 
     happen because of chromosomal abnormalities.
       The methods of treatment for miscarriage and abortion are 
     the same. A miscarriage can be treated using a mix of drugs 
     such as mifepristone and misoprostol, or through a D and C, 
     which includes dilating the cervix and clearing tissue from 
     the uterus.
       After her initial miscarriage in 2018, Stell and her 
     husband had their first child, a daughter, in April 2020. 
     When the couple moved from Washington state to Texas in 2021, 
     they were trying to have a second child, Stell said, even 
     though she knew she was at high risk because of her age, 
     previous health problems and miscarriage. So when she found a 
     doctor who specialized in high-risk pregnancies last summer, 
     she was thrilled to find out that the early weeks of her 
     pregnancy looked promising.
       ``I was about 7\1/2\ weeks pregnant, and everything looked 
     great,'' Stell said. ``The doctor said there was some 
     movements and fluttering, but everything with the pregnancy 
     looked normal.''
       Because she was at high risk, Stell was asked to come back 
     about two weeks later for a follow-up appointment in late 
     September 2021. Because coronavirus-related guidelines 
     prevented her husband from accompanying her in the room, she 
     planned to record on her cellphone what the doctor had to say 
     about the ultrasound.
       ``I'm getting ready to record because I'm excited,'' Stell 
     recalled. ``But as soon as she started the ultrasound, [the 
     doctor] got really silent, and was just looking and looking 
     and didn't see the fluttering or the movement or anything.''
       Stell got the news she feared: She had lost the pregnancy. 
     She was told she had a blighted ovum, which is when a 
     fertilized egg implants in the uterus but does not develop 
     into an embryo.
       She was shocked to learn that the common procedure she got 
     so easily in Washington state was anything but simply 
     obtained in Texas. She said she was told she needed 
     additional proof, or multiple ultrasounds, showing that her 
     pregnancy was not viable before she could get a D and C. Nine 
     days into carrying her dead fetus, the sorrow of her first 
     miscarriage had returned.
       ``I felt like a walking coffin,'' she said, fighting 
     through tears. ``You're just walking around knowing that you 
     have something that you hoped was going to be a baby for you, 
     and it's gone. And you're just walking around carrying it.''
       Stell eventually found an abortion services provider in 
     downtown Houston who would give her the D and C on Oct. 4, 
     2021. After she was met by antiabortion protesters, Stell 
     opened up about the experience on her YouTube channel. While 
     Stell, a cosmetic brand owner and CEO, usually talks about 
     makeup education and other beauty and lifestyle content, the 
     influencer's video on her miscarriage showed a different 
     side.
       ``I get so angry that I was treated this way because of 
     laws that were passed by men who have never been pregnant and 
     never will be,'' Stell told her followers at the time. ``I'm 
     frustrated, I'm angry, and I feel like the women here deserve 
     better than that. It doesn't matter what side of the fence 
     that you want to sit on, laws like this affect all women 
     regardless of what situation you're in, and it's not right.''
       When Roe was overturned last month, Stell said it was her 
     duty to share her story with those who might have similar 
     experiences. After Stell told her story to CNN this week, 
     Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) was among those to cite her 
     as an example of how ``Republican politicians are risking 
     women's health and safety.''
       Stell said on Twitter this week that the experience almost 
     10 months ago is the reason she and her husband have decided 
     that they would not try to have additional children in Texas. 
     She told The Post that her two miscarriages put her at higher 
     risk for a third.
       ``Our fear is that if I get pregnant and miscarry again 
     that something will happen,'' she said. ``We just do not feel 
     confident at all that we'll get the care that we need in 
     Texas if something were to happen.''
       If the miscarriage hadn't happened, Stell and her husband 
     would have had a boy in May. They would have named him Milan. 
     She thinks about what could have been when she reflects on 
     her own story, and how she said she was made to feel as 
     though she had done something wrong when she was already 
     grieving.
       ``It's added trauma on top of trauma,'' she said. ``It's 
     important to share this story so people know how these laws 
     affect all women.''

  Ms. JACKSON LEE. Mr. Speaker, is there freedom in this Nation? 
Because of the Texas abortion law, her wanted pregnancy became a 
medical nightmare. The truth had been taken away.
  ``Texas woman almost dies because she could not get an abortion.'' 
These are not willing activities. These are not persons who do not have 
loving relationships with children. These are not individuals who, in 
fact, are, if you will, persons who want to rush for an

[[Page H1241]]

abortion. These are individuals who have had children, who have loving 
children at home, but have a right, with their medical provider, to 
deal with their medical procedure.
  It is important to take note of the fact that what happens in the 
courts can truly save lives or cause a loss of life.
  In addition to due process under the Fifth Amendment, equal 
protection of the law under the 14th Amendment, and the right to 
privacy that this little book holds, the courts play a major role.
  I thank Congresswoman Lee for leading us in a discussion that 
challenges the question of truth, the question of unbiased, unfettered 
decisions, and the question of adherence to the Constitution.
  Right now, we are living in a land where the precedent of Roe v. 
Wade, the right to choose--I never call it the right to an abortion. It 
is the right to choose, and the medical procedure that you choose 
should never be limited.
  How sad that we have this litany of women, only a few of the 
thousands impacted because the court refused to adhere to justice and 
truth.
  We, as Members of Congress, need to be able to be the people's 
representatives, and we must find a way to bring dignity and truth and 
justice back to our courts.
  I, for one, will continue to work to make sure that this is a living 
document, the Constitution, and that those who are poor or not can find 
their way to a courthouse under Article III and find justice, freedom, 
righteousness, and the opportunity to live freely without 
discrimination in education, to have civil rights and voting rights, 
and to be able to have jurisdiction over your own body as a woman and 
to adhere again to a law by the Supreme Court that said, in Roe v. 
Wade, that women do have that choice. For me, it is the law of the 
land, and Dodd is a masquerading factor of bias and untruth.
  Mr. Speaker, I join my Congressional Progressive Caucus Colleagues 
here today to speak about the danger that is among us as a result of 
far-right rhetoric that has resulted in the take down of women's rights 
in America.
  Republicans have continuously proven that they want to police women's 
bodies and take away our reproductive freedoms.
  In the first week of the 118th Congress, extreme Republicans launched 
attacks on reproductive freedom, intruding on medical decision-making, 
and keeping their promise to criminalize abortion nationwide with no 
exceptions.
  Now a Texas Federal Judge is attempting to get rid of the much-needed 
abortion pill.
  Women's health is an issue that is very near to my heart.
  With reproductive rights being stripped from us, maternal mortality 
at an all-time high, and violence against women that has surged since 
the pandemic started, there is growing concern that women's health will 
continue to suffer on a massive scale.
  This attempt to remove medically necessary health care is a 
disgusting misuse of power and it extremely negligent.
  Maternal mortality is an issue that continues to plague the United 
States health care system.
  In 2020, 861 women died of maternal causes in the United States.
  In the U.S., two-thirds of those pregnancy related deaths are 
preventable and for every pregnancy-related death, there are 70 
pregnancy-related near-death experiences.
  It's extremely important that we remove barriers in health care that 
may be contributing to these deaths.
  Maternal mortality is caused by several issues such as cardiovascular 
problems, high blood pressure, blood clots, and complications of labor 
and delivery.
  Maternal mortality is caused by several issues such as cardiovascular 
problems, high blood pressure, blood clots, and complications of labor 
and delivery. And Black Maternal mortality is a National Health crises.
  Women's health is an issue that is very near to my heart. With 
reproductive rights being stripped from us, maternal mortality at an 
all-time high, and violence against women that has surged since the 
pandemic started, there is growing concern that women's health will 
continue to suffer on a massive scale.
  I thank the Congressional Progressive Caucus colleagues for having me 
here today to talk about this important issue.
  Ms. LEE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I thank the Congresswoman. I 
thank, once again, my colleagues at the Congressional Progressive 
Caucus for raising the dangers of this far-right court but also for 
their leadership, their commitment to fighting back, to finding 
solutions and finding pathways to restore and protect the freedoms of 
millions of Americans and to create ethical pathways to opportunity.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.

                          ____________________