[Congressional Record Volume 169, Number 17 (Thursday, January 26, 2023)]
[Senate]
[Pages S126-S127]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                                UKRAINE

  Mr. WICKER. Mr. President, if I might be recognized, nearly 1 year 
ago, Russia launched an unprovoked, illegal, and brutal war of 
aggression against Ukraine. In doing so, Vladimir Putin quite literally 
sought to wipe a sovereign nation off the map. But as the world 
witnessed in the months that followed, Mr. Putin had vastly 
underestimated the Ukrainian people and the Ukrainian leadership. 
Rather than capitulate, Ukrainians have resisted and saved their 
homeland from full-scale occupation. The courage and ingenuity shown by 
Ukrainian troops, many of whom were civilians before the war, continues 
to be nothing short of heroic.
  This morning, we learned of yet another act of Russian terror in the 
form of a barrage of drones and missiles raining down on Kyiv. This 
left severe casualties. This act of brute intimidation, which has 
become all too common over the past year, was clearly meant to break 
the will of the Ukrainian people as they prepare to receive more 
military aid from the United States and from other allies.
  Thankfully, Ukrainian forces successfully shot down the vast majority 
of those incoming projectiles using advanced air defense technology. 
This is just one more example of what many of us in this Chamber have 
asserted for months: If Ukrainians get the tools they need, they can 
finish the job and defeat Vladimir Putin.
  The harsh reality is that these kinds of attacks on Ukraine, leaving 
a trail of casualties in their wake, have become far too common, and if 
leaders across the free world had acted sooner, we would be better 
positioned to save the lives and critical infrastructure now.
  The U.S. Congress has led the world in supporting the Ukraine war 
effort. In fact, we have led the Biden administration--this Senate, on 
both sides of the aisle. On a bipartisan basis, we have provided 
security assistance, humanitarian aid, and direct support to Ukraine's 
government. Although this has amounted to tens of billions of taxpayer 
dollars, this is actually a bargain investment.
  Let's put it in context. According to the Kiel Institute's Ukraine 
Support Tracker, the total U.S. contribution to Ukraine, through 
November of last year, amounted to only 0.2 percent of our gross 
domestic product. The new Congress must continue this bipartisan 
support for Ukraine, and I look forward to leading the charge as 
ranking member of the Armed Services Committee.
  As the first anniversary of this war approaches, we should reflect on 
the progress made by Ukraine, and we should carefully consider how to 
help them decisively win this conflict so that a lasting peace can take 
root. To do so, we first need to state clearly what our American 
interests are in Ukraine. That is something the President and his 
advisers have repeatedly failed to do, choosing instead to make vague 
references to the rules-based international order, or words to that 
effect.
  The American people are right to demand straight answers. With 
inflation rampant, crime on the rise, and an open southern border, it 
is fair to ask why we should care about what happens in Ukraine.
  I offer four reasons.
  First, Ukraine matters because the security of Europe is closely tied 
to our own American security and our own American prosperity. For 
decades, all of our fellow citizens have benefited from peace and 
stability in Europe, purchased by the sacrifices of Americans in World 
War I and World War II. What is at stake today in Ukraine is whether 
the fruits of those sacrifices will continue to endure.
  Allowing Putin to prevail in Ukraine would usher in a new age of 
chaos and instability and would invite Putin to test our resolve to 
defend our NATO allies. Make no mistake, Putin will push the envelope 
as far as we let him. His goal is to remake the old Soviet empire, and, 
regrettably, the West has misread and underestimated Putin's intentions 
for years--in 2008, when he invaded Georgia; and then in 2014, with the 
seizure of Crimea and parts of eastern Ukraine; and, yet again, last 
year in Ukraine with this full-scale invasion.
  His imperial ambitions are now undeniable. If Vladimir Putin is not 
stopped in Ukraine, the security of the entire European continent will 
be put at risk.
  Second, our support and the support of our allies for Ukraine has 
made a huge difference and has significantly weakened Russia. Thanks to 
the U.S. military assistance and the courage of Ukrainian troops, 
Russia has lost its ability to carry out near-term conventional 
invasions of NATO members, and we achieved that without having to send 
a single American soldier into combat.
  The Russian losses have been massive. Last week, the Chairman of the 
Joint Chiefs of Staff, GEN Mark Milley, estimated that significantly 
more than 100,000 Russian troops have been killed or wounded in 
Ukraine during the war, not to mention thousands of combat vehicles, 
tanks, artillery pieces, and aircraft destroyed.

  For those questioning the cost of our assistance, I would simply pose 
the alternative: How much would it cost in American lives and treasure 
to confront the Russians directly? Because that is the reality we face 
if Putin tests our resolve to defend NATO. From that perspective, we 
are getting one heck of a deal by helping Ukraine do its own fighting.
  Third, our support for Ukraine is prompting European countries to 
take more responsibility for their own security, something we have long 
urged them to do. Republican and Democrat Presidents alike have long 
believed that Europeans should take the lead on European security. I 
agree. Almost every American agrees.
  Thanks to our example, our NATO allies are now spending tens of 
billions more on defense, much of which will be

[[Page S127]]

spent here in the United States. In particular, our friends in the 
United Kingdom, Poland, Romania, and the Baltic states are making all 
the right choices to help Ukraine win and prepare their own militaries 
to deter Russia for decades to come. Backing away from Ukraine at this 
crucial moment would undermine our credibility as we ask the Europeans 
to shoulder more of the collective defense burden.
  Fourth, although this war is happening in Europe, we should not 
forget who else is watching. Some skeptics of our mission in Ukraine 
believe it distracts from our principal security threat: the Chinese 
Communist Party. But the reality is the exact opposite. Xi Jingping is 
watching us closely. He wants to see if we will stick by our 
commitments as he weighs his opportunities of invading his own 
neighbor--and our friend--Taiwan.
  Our Indo-Pacific allies are also watching closely and even helping in 
Ukraine. As Japanese Prime Minister Kishida recently noted, ``Ukraine 
today could be Asia tomorrow.''
  Far from distracting us from China, stopping Putin in Ukraine is 
indispensable in deterring China. We dare not show weakness at this 
moment in Ukraine. Doing so would simply invite other dictators to act 
just like Vladimir Putin.
  The bottom line is that America's interest in this war is clear: We 
need Ukraine to win, and that means giving them the tools to prevail. 
Cutting our support would cost us far more in the long run.
  Unfortunately, as we know, Vladimir Putin understands only brute 
force. He will not capitulate or negotiate until he is forced to do so.
  This is something President Biden failed to appreciate when he 
downplayed Putin's threats a year ago by talking about ``minor 
incursions.'' Remember that--``minor incursions''? At every step of 
this crisis, it has been Congress, not the administration, that has 
taken the lead, and it is something that the President still fails to 
grasp as he and his administration continue to slow-roll military aid 
for fear of ``escalation.''
  The Biden administration has come along grudgingly as Congress has 
pushed and pulled and taken the lead. For example, in May of last year, 
Congress provided the administration with roughly $8.5 billion of 
drawdown authority to transfer weapons and munitions from U.S. 
inventories to Ukraine through the end of September. But the 
administration let almost $3 billion of that authority expire.
  Ukraine can win this war. Ukraine must win this war. But we and our 
allies have to do our part to help them. When Russia first launched its 
invasion, the prospect of Ukrainian victory indeed seemed unlikely. The 
Russian blitzkrieg forced Ukraine to fight for its very survival. It 
took repeated acts of heroism to push the Russians back, from President 
Zelenskyy's fearless example of leadership down to the foot soldiers, 
like Vitaly Volodymyrovych, who blew up the bridge beneath his feet, 
sacrificing his own life, to stop the Russian advance.
  After Russian troops faltered in those initial days, they pivoted to 
a barbaric tactic of heavy bombardment of civilians--shelling homes, 
schools, and hospitals. These were war crimes. And as the Russians were 
finally expelled from Kyiv, we learned of the horrific atrocities 
committed against civilians, particularly in the city's outer lying 
areas, such as Bucha.
  And then began the counteroffensive. The Ukrainians retook Snake 
Island, liberated Kharkiv, and eventually expelled the Russians from 
Kherson in November. Their battlefield success demonstrated the impact 
of high-end U.S. military aid--such as HIMARS, long-range rockets--as 
well as the Ukrainians' own capabilities to plan and execute complex 
operations in defense of their own homeland.
  Today, the situation has stabilized, with Russia occupying only about 
15 percent of Ukraine.
  The courage of Ukrainians presents us with an opportunity. As the war 
approaches its second year, Congress must once again lead the 
administration to ramp up military aid to Ukraine to drive toward 
victory. We should all want Ukraine to win the war. A continuation of 
the status quo, which would drag out the war, favors Russia. The United 
States has made a huge difference in this war, and we can now tip the 
balance in favor of Ukraine if we take the right steps. I would sum up 
this policy of the right steps in three words: more, better, and 
faster--more ground vehicles and munitions, better equipment, faster 
deliveries. We need faster deliveries right now.

  While I appreciate the White House's recent announcement that we will 
send a batch of Abrams tanks to Ukraine, it is now our duty to follow 
through on this commitment and make certain the Ukrainians promptly 
receive the battlefield capabilities we plan to provide them, including 
the necessary training.
  In addition, we need to give Ukraine ATACMS, long-range missiles, and 
advanced drones, like the Gray Eagle and Reaper. We should deliver 
these assets quickly to make an immediate difference on the 
battlefield. In concert with our allies, this approach of ``more, 
better, and faster'' would give the Ukrainians a real shot at victory.
  At the same time, we must continue our work to expand our own defense 
industrial capacity here at home. The American people have already 
invested billions of dollars to replenish the weapons we transferred to 
Ukraine, particularly munitions. We are using that money here in 
America to expand production, doubling and even tripling production 
capacities for weapons like 155-millimeter shells, Javelins, and 
HIMARS, and our work on that has just begun.
  Lastly, we will continue to maintain and expand the rigorous 
oversight structure we have placed over military aid. As of today, 
Congress has imposed more than two dozen detailed oversight 
requirements on the Biden administration, and we continue to monitor 
their responses closely. Of course, some of the oversight work we do is 
classified to protect the people and sources conducting it. But 
Americans should know the scope of our oversight work, and so we will 
hold oversight hearings in this Congress, and we will do so on a 
bipartisan basis.
  We should also press the Pentagon to make more oversight information 
public. We should continue tracking the work of the inspectors general 
in the State Department and the Department of Defense and in the U.S. 
Agency for International Development and 14 other government 
organizations that are already tasked with ensuring accountability for 
all spending related to Ukraine. These organizations are hard at work. 
Thus far, 20 reviews of Ukraine assistance have been completed, with 
another 64 reviews ongoing or planned. That is oversight.
  We have work ahead of us this year, and it is critical work. If we 
make the right choices, we can ensure a Ukrainian victory over Russia, 
send a message of strength to China and others who wish us ill, and 
restore the United States as the world's arsenal of democracy.
  I yield the floor.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. SCHATZ. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for 
the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Booker). Without objection, it is so 
ordered.

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