[Congressional Record Volume 169, Number 16 (Wednesday, January 25, 2023)]
[House]
[Pages H329-H334]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

H.R. 21

                        Offered By: Mr. Pallone

       Amendment No. 95: Page 2, strike lines 1 through 3 and 
     insert the following:

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

       (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Buy Low 
     and Sell High Act''.
       (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act 
     is as follows:
       Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
       Sec. 2. Compensatory Production Increase Plan.

                      TITLE I--PETROLEUM RESERVES

       Sec. 101. Economic Petroleum Reserve.
       Sec. 102. Establishing Strategic Refined Petroleum Product 
           Reserves.
       Sec. 103. Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve.
       Sec. 104. SPR Petroleum Account.
       Sec. 105. Prohibition on certain exports.
       Sec. 106. Strategic Petroleum Reserve reforms.
       Sec. 107. Strategic Petroleum Reserve drawdown and sale.
       Sec. 108. DOE study and plan for delivery of fuel during 
           pipeline disruptions.

                         TITLE II--FUEL DEMAND

       Sec. 201. State energy transportation plans.
       Sec. 202. Transportation electrification.
       Sec. 203. Federal fleets.

                         TITLE III--FUEL SUPPLY

       Sec. 301. Assistance for Western Hemisphere refineries.
       Page 3, line 9, strike the closing quotation mark and the 
     final period.
       Page 3, after line 9, insert the following:

                      TITLE I--PETROLEUM RESERVES

     SEC. 101. ECONOMIC PETROLEUM RESERVE.

       (a) Establishment.--Section 154 of the Energy Policy and 
     Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6234) is amended by adding at the 
     end the following:
       ``(g) Economic Petroleum Reserve.--
       ``(1) Establishment.--In carrying out subsection (b), the 
     Secretary shall establish and maintain within the Strategic 
     Petroleum Reserve an Economic Petroleum Reserve of up to 
     350,000,000 barrels of crude oil.
       ``(2) Source.--The Economic Petroleum Reserve shall consist 
     of--
       ``(A) 90,000,000 barrels of crude oil that are stored in 
     the Strategic Petroleum Reserve on the date of enactment of 
     this subsection, less any amounts drawn down and sold under 
     section 161(l) after such date; and
       ``(B) any crude oil purchased under section 160(i).''.
       (b) Purchases.--Section 160 of the Energy Policy and 
     Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6240) is amended by adding at the 
     end the following:
       ``(i) Purchase of Crude Oil for Economic Petroleum 
     Reserve.--
       ``(1) In general.--For purposes of section 154(g), the 
     Secretary may acquire crude oil under this section only by 
     purchase from domestic producers for a contract price of not 
     more than $60 per barrel, in accordance with this subsection.
       ``(2) Immediate delivery.--The Secretary may enter into a 
     contract under paragraph (1) at any time for immediate 
     delivery of crude oil.
       ``(3) Future delivery.--
       ``(A) Authorized period.--During the period that begins on 
     the date of enactment of this subsection and ends on December 
     31, 2024, the Secretary may enter into a contract under 
     paragraph (1) for delivery of crude oil to occur during the 
     period that begins on January 1, 2025, and ends on December 
     31, 2027.
       ``(B) Priority.--In carrying out subparagraph (A), to the 
     extent there are multiple offers for contracts on equivalent 
     terms, the Secretary shall give priority to contracts for 
     crude oil produced by wells, including drilled but 
     uncompleted wells, that are minimizing greenhouse gas 
     emissions from activities at such wells, as determined by the 
     Secretary in consultation with the Administrator of the 
     Environmental Protection Agency.
       ``(4) Funding.--The Secretary may enter into a contract 
     under paragraph (1) using

[[Page H330]]

     amounts deposited in the SPR Petroleum Account under section 
     167(c)--
       ``(A) that are attributable to covered receipts described 
     in section 167(e)(3)(A); or
       ``(B) that were appropriated for such purpose pursuant to 
     section 166.
       ``(5) Applicability of certain considerations.--The 
     objectives described in subsections (b)(4), (c)(2), and 
     (c)(5) shall not apply to the acquisition of crude oil 
     pursuant to a contract under paragraph (1).''.
       (c) Drawdown and Sale.--Section 161 of the Energy Policy 
     and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6241) is amended by adding at 
     the end the following:
       ``(l) Drawdown and Sale From Economic Petroleum Reserve.--
       ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding subsection (d)(1), the 
     Secretary may draw down and sell crude oil from amounts in 
     the Economic Petroleum Reserve established under section 
     154(g) at any time the front-month futures price of West 
     Texas Intermediate crude oil has remained greater than $90 
     per barrel for at least one week.
       ``(2) Appropriations.--
       ``(A) State energy transportation plans.--Notwithstanding 
     section 167, there is appropriated to the Secretary of Energy 
     to carry out section 367 an amount equal to $9 for each 
     barrel of crude oil sold under this subsection.
       ``(B) Plug-in electric drive vehicle program.--
     Notwithstanding section 167, there is appropriated to the 
     Secretary of Energy to carry out section 131(b) of the Energy 
     Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17011) an 
     amount equal to $2 for each barrel of crude oil sold under 
     this subsection.
       ``(C) Large-scale transportation sector electrification 
     program.--Notwithstanding section 167, there is appropriated 
     to the Secretary of Energy to carry out section 131(c) of the 
     Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 
     17011) an amount equal to $3 for each barrel of crude oil 
     sold under this subsection.
       ``(D) Assistance for western hemisphere refineries.--
     Notwithstanding section 167, there is appropriated to the 
     Secretary of Energy to carry out section 301 of the Buy Low 
     and Sell High Act an amount equal to $1 for each barrel of 
     crude oil sold under this subsection.''.

     SEC. 102. ESTABLISHING STRATEGIC REFINED PETROLEUM PRODUCT 
                   RESERVES.

       (a) Establishment.--Title I of the Energy Policy and 
     Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6234) is amended by adding at the 
     end the following:

        ``PART E --STRATEGIC REFINED PETROLEUM PRODUCT RESERVES

     ``SEC. 191. DEFINITIONS.

       ``In this part:
       ``(1) District.--The term `district' means, as designated 
     by the Administrator of the Energy Information 
     Administration--
       ``(A) a Petroleum Administration for Defense District; or
       ``(B) a sub-district of a Petroleum Administration for 
     Defense District.
       ``(2) Network.--The term `network' means the network of 
     Strategic Refined Petroleum Product Reserves established 
     under this part.
       ``(3) Reserve.--The term `Reserve' means a Strategic 
     Refined Petroleum Product Reserve established under this 
     part.

     ``SEC. 192. ESTABLISHMENT.

       ``(a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     this Act, the Secretary shall establish, maintain, and 
     operate a national network of Strategic Refined Petroleum 
     Product Reserves.
       ``(b) Locations.--In carrying out subsection (a), the 
     Secretary shall establish, maintain, and operate at least one 
     Reserve in each district.
       ``(c) Capacity.--Each Reserve shall have the capacity to 
     contain at least 4,000,000 barrels of gasoline and 2,000,000 
     barrels of diesel fuel, and the network shall have the 
     capacity to contain up to 250,000,000 barrels of gasoline and 
     diesel fuel.
       ``(d) Relationship to SPR and Northeast Home Heating Oil 
     Reserve.--A Reserve established under this part is not a 
     component of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve established 
     under part B of this title or the Northeast Home Heating Oil 
     Reserve established under part D of this title.

     ``SEC. 193. AUTHORITY.

       ``To the extent necessary or appropriate to carry out this 
     part, the Secretary may--
       ``(1) purchase, contract for, lease, or otherwise acquire, 
     in whole or in part, storage and related facilities, and 
     storage services;
       ``(2) use, lease, maintain, sell, or otherwise dispose of 
     storage and related facilities acquired under this part;
       ``(3) acquire by purchase, exchange (including exchange of 
     petroleum products from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve or 
     received as royalty from Federal lands), lease, or otherwise, 
     gasoline or diesel fuel for storage in a Reserve;
       ``(4) store gasoline or diesel fuel in facilities not owned 
     by the United States; and
       ``(5) sell, exchange, or otherwise dispose of gasoline or 
     diesel fuel from a Reserve established under this part, 
     including to maintain the quality or quantity of the gasoline 
     or diesel fuel in a Reserve or to maintain the operational 
     capability of a Reserve.

     ``SEC. 194. CONDITIONS FOR RELEASE.

       ``(a) Gasoline Release.--The Secretary may sell gasoline 
     from a Reserve only upon a finding by the President that 
     there is a severe gasoline supply interruption within the 
     district in which the Reserve is located. Such a finding may 
     be made only if the President determines that--
       ``(1) a dislocation in the gasoline market has resulted 
     from such interruption; or
       ``(2) a circumstance, other than that described in 
     paragraph (1), exists that constitutes a regional gasoline 
     supply shortage of significant scope and duration and that 
     action taken under this section would assist directly and 
     significantly in reducing the adverse impact of such 
     shortage.
       ``(b) Diesel Release.--The Secretary may sell diesel fuel 
     from a Reserve only upon a finding by the President that 
     there is a severe diesel fuel supply interruption within the 
     district in which the Reserve is located. Such a finding may 
     be made only if the President determines that--
       ``(1) a dislocation in the diesel fuel market has resulted 
     from such interruption; or
       ``(2) a circumstance, other than that described in 
     paragraph (1), exists that constitutes a regional diesel fuel 
     supply shortage of significant scope and duration and that 
     action taken under this section would assist directly and 
     significantly in reducing the adverse impact of such 
     shortage.
       ``(c) Definitions.--For purposes of this section--
       ``(1) the term `covered entity' means--
       ``(A) the People's Republic of China;
       ``(B) the Democratic People's Republic of Korea;
       ``(C) the Russian Federation;
       ``(D) the Islamic Republic of Iran;
       ``(E) any other country the government of which is subject 
     to sanctions imposed by the United States; and
       ``(F) any entity owned, controlled, or influenced by--
       ``(i) a country referred to in any of subparagraphs (A) 
     through (F); or
       ``(ii) the Chinese Communist Party;
       ``(2) a `dislocation in the gasoline market' shall be 
     deemed to occur only when--
       ``(A) the price differential between crude oil and finished 
     gasoline, as reflected in an industry daily publication, 
     increases by more than 50 percent over its 10-year rolling 
     average, and continues for 7 consecutive days; and
       ``(B) the price differential continues to increase during 
     the most recent week for which price information is 
     available; and
       ``(3) a `dislocation in the diesel fuel market' shall be 
     deemed to occur only when--
       ``(A) the price differential between crude oil and diesel 
     fuel, as reflected in an industry daily publication, 
     increases by more than 50 percent over its 10-year rolling 
     average, and continues for 7 consecutive days; and
       ``(B) the price differential continues to increase during 
     the most recent week for which price information is 
     available.
       ``(d) Continuing Evaluation.--The Secretary shall conduct a 
     continuing evaluation of the price data supplied by the 
     Energy Information Administration and data on gasoline and 
     diesel fuel prices from published sources.
       ``(e) Release of Petroleum Products.--After consultation 
     with the gasoline, diesel fuel, and crude oil refining 
     industries, the Secretary shall determine procedures 
     governing the release of gasoline and diesel fuel from a 
     Reserve. The procedures shall provide that--
       ``(1) the Secretary may--
       ``(A) sell gasoline or diesel fuel from a Reserve through a 
     competitive process; or
       ``(B) enter into exchange agreements for gasoline or diesel 
     fuel that results in the Secretary receiving a greater volume 
     of gasoline or diesel fuel as repayment than the volume 
     provided to the acquirer;
       ``(2) in all such sales or exchanges, the Secretary shall 
     receive revenue or its equivalent in gasoline or diesel fuel 
     that provides the Department with fair market value;
       ``(3) the Secretary shall only sell or dispose of the 
     gasoline or diesel fuel in the Reserve to entities 
     customarily engaged in the sale and distribution of gasoline 
     or diesel fuel; and
       ``(4) the Secretary shall prohibit the sale or export of 
     gasoline or diesel fuel released under this section to a 
     covered entity, except that the Secretary may issue a waiver 
     of such prohibition if the Secretary certifies that any 
     export or sale authorized pursuant to the waiver is in the 
     national security interests of the United States.
       ``(f) Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
     enactment of this section, the Secretary shall transmit to 
     the President and, if the President approves, to the Congress 
     a plan describing--
       ``(1) the acquisition of storage and related facilities or 
     storage services for the network, including the potential use 
     of storage facilities not currently in use;
       ``(2) the acquisition of gasoline and diesel fuel for 
     storage in the network;
       ``(3) the anticipated methods of disposition of gasoline 
     and diesel fuel from the network;
       ``(4) the estimated costs of establishment, maintenance, 
     and operation of the network;
       ``(5) efforts the Department will take to minimize any 
     potential need for future drawdowns and ensure that 
     distributors and importers are not discouraged from 
     maintaining and increasing supplies to the United States; and
       ``(6) actions to ensure quality of the gasoline and diesel 
     fuel in the network.

     ``SEC. 195. PROCEEDS FROM SALES.

       ``The Secretary of the Treasury shall deposit in the SPR 
     Petroleum Account established in the Treasury under section 
     167 any receipts from the sale, exchange, or other 
     disposition of gasoline or diesel fuel from the network.

[[Page H331]]

  


     ``SEC. 196. RESTRICTIONS.

       ``(a) Source.--No gasoline or diesel fuel produced at a 
     refinery located outside of the United States may be stored 
     in a Reserve.
       ``(b) Timing.--The Secretary may not purchase gasoline or 
     diesel fuel under this part until 2026.''.
       (b) Conforming Amendments.--
       (1) Authorization of appropriations.--Section 166 of the 
     Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6246) is 
     amended by striking ``and part D'' and inserting ``, part D, 
     and part E''.
       (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents for the 
     Energy Policy and Conservation Act is amended in the matter 
     relating to title I by striking the items relating to the 
     second part D (relating to Expiration) and the second section 
     181 and inserting the following:

         ``Part E--Strategic Refined Petroleum Product Reserves

       ``Sec. 191. Definitions.
       ``Sec. 192. Establishment.
       ``Sec. 193. Authority.
       ``Sec. 194. Conditions for release.
       ``Sec. 195. Proceeds from sales.
       ``Sec. 196. Restrictions.''.

     SEC. 103. NORTHEAST HOME HEATING OIL RESERVE.

       (a) Strengthening the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve.--
     Section 181(a) of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 
     U.S.C. 6250) is amended by striking ``2 million'' and 
     inserting ``4 million''.
       (b) Conditions for Release.--Section 183 of the Energy 
     Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6250b) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Definition'' 
     and inserting ``Definitions'';
       (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
     subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively (and adjusting the 
     margins accordingly);
       (C) by striking ``For purposes of this section a 
     `dislocation in the heating oil market' '' and inserting the 
     following: ``For purposes of this section--
       ``(1) the term `covered entity' means--
       ``(A) the People's Republic of China;
       ``(B) the Democratic People's Republic of Korea;
       ``(C) the Russian Federation;
       ``(D) the Islamic Republic of Iran;
       ``(E) any other country the government of which is subject 
     to sanctions imposed by the United States; and
       ``(F) any entity owned, controlled, or influenced by--
       ``(i) a country referred to in any of subparagraphs (A) 
     through (F); or
       ``(ii) the Chinese Communist Party; and
       ``(2) a `dislocation in the heating oil market' ''; and
       (2) in subsection (d)--
       (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a 
     semicolon;
       (B) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
     inserting ``; and''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(4) the Secretary shall prohibit the sale or export of 
     petroleum distillate released under this section to a covered 
     entity, except that the Secretary may issue a waiver of such 
     prohibition if the Secretary certifies that any export or 
     sale authorized pursuant to the waiver is in the national 
     security interests of the United States.''.
       (c) Proceeds From Sales.--
       (1) In general.--Section 184 of the Energy Policy and 
     Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6250c) is amended to read as 
     follows:

     ``SEC. 184. PROCEEDS FROM SALES.

       ``The Secretary of the Treasury shall deposit in the SPR 
     Petroleum Account established in the Treasury under section 
     167 any receipts from the sale, exchange, or other 
     disposition of petroleum distillate from the Reserve.''.
       (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents for the 
     Energy Policy and Conservation Act is amended by striking the 
     item relating section 184 and inserting the following:

       ``184. Proceeds from sales.''.
       (d) Elimination of Limitation.--Title III of the Energy and 
     Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 
     2012 (division B of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2012 
     (Public Law 112-74; 125 Stat. 869)), is amended, under the 
     Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve account, by striking ``: 
     Provided further, That notwithstanding section 181 of the 
     Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6250), for 
     fiscal year 2012 and hereafter, the Reserve shall contain no 
     more than 1 million barrels of petroleum distillate''.

     SEC. 104. SPR PETROLEUM ACCOUNT.

       (a) In General.--Section 167 of the Energy Policy and 
     Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6247) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (b)--
       (A) by striking ``the acquisition, transportation, and 
     injection of petroleum products into the Strategic Petroleum 
     Reserve, for test sales of petroleum products from the 
     Reserve, and for the drawdown, sale, and delivery of 
     petroleum products from the Reserve'' and inserting ``covered 
     activities''; and
       (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``the receipts to the 
     United States from the sale of petroleum products in any 
     drawdown and distribution of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve 
     under section 161, including a drawdown and distribution 
     carried out under subsection (g) of such section, or from the 
     sale of petroleum products under section 160(f)'' and 
     inserting ``covered receipts'';
       (2) in subsection (d), by striking ``the sale of petroleum 
     products in any drawdown and distribution of the Strategic 
     Petroleum Reserve under section 161, including a drawdown and 
     distribution carried out under subsection (g) of such 
     section, and from the sale of petroleum products under 
     section 160(f)'' and inserting ``covered sales''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(e) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Covered activity.--The term `covered activity' 
     means--
       ``(A) the acquisition, transportation, and injection of 
     petroleum products into the Strategic Petroleum Reserve;
       ``(B) the sale of petroleum products in any drawdown and 
     distribution of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve under section 
     161, including a drawdown and distribution carried out under 
     subsection (g) of such section;
       ``(C) the sale of petroleum products under section 160(f);
       ``(D) an activity under part D; and
       ``(E) an activity under part E.
       ``(2) Covered sale.--The term `covered sale' means--
       ``(A) the sale of petroleum products in any drawdown and 
     distribution of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve under section 
     161, including a drawdown and distribution carried out under 
     subsection (g) of such section;
       ``(B) the sale of petroleum products under section 160(f);
       ``(C) the sale, exchange, or other disposition of petroleum 
     distillate from the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve; and
       ``(D) the sale, exchange, or other disposition of gasoline 
     or diesel fuel from a Strategic Refined Petroleum Product 
     Reserve.
       ``(3) Covered receipts.--The term `covered receipts' 
     means--
       ``(A) receipts to the United States from the sale of 
     petroleum products in any drawdown and distribution of the 
     Strategic Petroleum Reserve under section 161 (including a 
     drawdown and distribution carried out under subsection (g) of 
     such section), less amounts equal to any amounts appropriated 
     by subsection (l)(2) of such section;
       ``(B) receipts to the United States from the sale of 
     petroleum products under section 160(f);
       ``(C) receipts to the United States from the sale, 
     exchange, or other disposition of petroleum distillate from 
     the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve; and
       ``(D) receipts to the United States from the sale, 
     exchange, or other disposition of gasoline or diesel fuel 
     from a Strategic Refined Petroleum Product Reserve.''.
       (b) Transfer of Funds.--The assets and liabilities of the 
     Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve Account established in the 
     Treasury under section 184 of the Energy Policy and 
     Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6250c), as in effect on the day 
     before the date of enactment of this Act, are hereby 
     transferred to the SPR Petroleum Account established in the 
     Treasury under section 167 of the Energy Policy and 
     Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6247), and such Northeast Home 
     Heating Oil Reserve Account is hereby abolished.

     SEC. 105. PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN EXPORTS.

       (a) In General.--The Energy Policy and Conservation Act is 
     amended by inserting after section 163 (42 U.S.C. 6243) the 
     following:

     ``SEC. 164. PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN EXPORTS.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall prohibit the export 
     or sale of petroleum products drawn down from the Strategic 
     Petroleum Reserve, under any provision of law, to--
       ``(1) the People's Republic of China;
       ``(2) the Democratic People's Republic of Korea;
       ``(3) the Russian Federation;
       ``(4) the Islamic Republic of Iran;
       ``(5) any other country the government of which is subject 
     to sanctions imposed by the United States; and
       ``(6) any entity owned, controlled, or influenced by--
       ``(A) a country referred to in any of paragraphs (1) 
     through (5); or
       ``(B) the Chinese Communist Party.
       ``(b) Waiver.--The Secretary may issue a waiver of the 
     prohibition described in subsection (a) if the Secretary 
     certifies that any export or sale authorized pursuant to the 
     waiver is in the national security interests of the United 
     States.
       ``(c) Rule.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
     enactment of the Buy Low and Sell High Act, the Secretary 
     shall issue a rule to carry out this section.''.
       (b) Conforming Amendments.--
       (1) Drawdown and sale of petroleum products.--Section 
     161(a) of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 
     6241(a)) is amended by inserting ``and section 164'' before 
     the period at the end.
       (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents for the 
     Energy Policy and Conservation Act is amended by inserting 
     after the item relating to section 163 the following:

       ``Sec. 164. Prohibition on certain exports.''.

     SEC. 106. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE REFORMS.

       (a) Use of Underutilized Strategic Petroleum Reserve 
     Facilities.--Section 168 of the Energy Policy and 
     Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6247a) is amended to read as 
     follows:

     ``SEC. 168. USE OF UNDERUTILIZED FACILITIES.

       ``(a) Authority.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     this title, the Secretary may establish and carry out a 
     program to lease underutilized Strategic Petroleum Reserve 
     storage facilities and related facilities

[[Page H332]]

     to the private sector, or a foreign government or its 
     representative. Petroleum products stored under this section 
     are not part of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve.
       ``(b) Protection of Facilities.--Any lease entered into 
     under the program established under subsection (a) shall 
     contain provisions providing for fees to fully compensate the 
     United States for all related costs of storage and removals 
     of petroleum products (including the proportionate cost of 
     replacement facilities necessitated as a result of any 
     withdrawals) incurred by the United States as a result of 
     such lease.
       ``(c) Access by the United States.--The Secretary shall 
     ensure that leasing of facilities under the program 
     established under subsection (a) does not impair the ability 
     of the United States to withdraw, distribute, or sell 
     petroleum products from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve in 
     response to an energy emergency or to the obligations of the 
     United States under the Agreement on an International Energy 
     Program.
       ``(d) National Security.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
     leasing of facilities under the program established under 
     subsection (a) to a foreign government or its representative 
     will not impair national security.
       ``(e) Deposits of Amounts Received.--
       ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), 
     amounts received through the leasing of facilities under the 
     program established under subsection (a) shall be deposited 
     in the SPR Petroleum Account established in the Treasury 
     under section 167 during the fiscal year in which such 
     amounts are received.
       ``(2) Costs.--The Secretary may use for costs described in 
     subsection (b) (other than costs described in subsection 
     (f)), without further appropriation, amounts received through 
     the leasing of facilities under the program established under 
     subsection (a).
       ``(f) Preparation of Facilities.--The Secretary shall only 
     use amounts available in the Energy Security and 
     Infrastructure Modernization Fund established by section 404 
     of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 for costs described in 
     subsection (b) of this section that relate to addition of 
     facilities or changes to facilities or facility operations 
     necessary to lease such facilities, including costs related 
     to acquisition of land, acquisition of ancillary facilities 
     and equipment, and site development, and other necessary 
     costs related to capital improvement.''.
       (b) Pilot Program To Lease Strategic Petroleum Reserves.--
       (1) In general.--Part B of title I of the Energy Policy and 
     Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6231 et seq.) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following:

     ``SEC. 170. PILOT PROGRAM TO LEASE STORAGE AND RELATED 
                   FACILITIES.

       ``(a) Establishment.--In carrying out section 168 and not 
     later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this 
     section, the Secretary shall establish and carry out a pilot 
     program to make available for lease--
       ``(1) capacity for storage of up to 200,000,000 barrels of 
     petroleum products at Strategic Petroleum Reserve storage 
     facilities; and
       ``(2) related facilities.
       ``(b) Contents.--In carrying out the pilot program 
     established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
       ``(1) identify appropriate Strategic Petroleum Reserve 
     storage facilities and related facilities to lease, in order 
     to make maximum use of such facilities;
       ``(2) identify and implement any changes to facilities or 
     facility operations necessary to so lease such facilities, 
     including any such changes necessary to ensure the long-term 
     structural viability and use of the facilities for purposes 
     of this part and part C;
       ``(3) make such facilities available for lease; and
       ``(4) identify environmental effects, including benefits, 
     of leasing storage facilities and related facilities.
       ``(c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to 
     Congress a report on the status of the pilot program 
     established under subsection (a).''.
       (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of contents for the 
     Energy Policy and Conservation Act is amended by adding after 
     the item relating to section 169 the following:

       ``Sec. 170. Pilot program to lease storage and related 
           facilities.''.

     SEC. 107. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE DRAWDOWN AND SALE.

       (a) Reconciliation on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2018.--
     Section 20003(a) of Public Law 115-97 (131 Stat. 2237) is 
     amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``during the period of 
     fiscal years 2026 through 2027'' and inserting ``by the end 
     of fiscal year 2027''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(3) Timing.--In determining the timing of each draw down 
     and sale from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve under this 
     section, to the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary 
     shall maximize the financial return to the United States 
     taxpayers.''.
       (b) America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018.--Section 
     3009(a) of America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018 (Public 
     Law 115-270; 132 Stat. 3870) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``during'' and inserting 
     ``by the end of''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(3) Timing.--In determining the timing of each draw down 
     and sale from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve under this 
     section, to the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary 
     shall maximize the financial return to the United States 
     taxpayers.''.
       (c) Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.--Section 
     90002(a) of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act 
     (Public Law 117-58; 135 Stat. 1342) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``during the period of 
     fiscal years 2028 through 2031'' and inserting ``by the end 
     of fiscal year 2032''; and
       (2) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
       ``(2) Timing.--In determining the timing of each draw down 
     and sale from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve under this 
     section, to the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary 
     shall maximize the financial return to the United States 
     taxpayers.''.

     SEC. 108. DOE STUDY AND PLAN FOR DELIVERY OF FUEL DURING 
                   PIPELINE DISRUPTIONS.

       Not later than 24 months after the date of enactment of 
     this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall--
       (1) conduct a study on how the Department of Energy could 
     deliver products sold from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, a 
     Strategic Refined Petroleum Product Reserve, or the Northeast 
     Home Heating Oil Reserve in the event of an attack or 
     disruption that renders pipelines to deliver such products 
     unusable; and
       (2) submit to Congress a plan, based on the results of such 
     study, to carry out such delivery.

                         TITLE II--FUEL DEMAND

     SEC. 201. STATE ENERGY TRANSPORTATION PLANS.

       (a) State Energy Transportation Plans.--
       (1) In general.--Part D of title III of the Energy Policy 
     and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6321 et seq.) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following:

     ``SEC. 367. STATE ENERGY TRANSPORTATION PLANS.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may provide financial 
     assistance to a State to develop a State energy 
     transportation plan, for inclusion in a State energy 
     conservation plan under section 362(d), to promote the 
     electrification of the transportation system, reduced 
     consumption of fossil fuels, and improved air quality.
       ``(b) Development.--A State developing a State energy 
     transportation plan under this section shall carry out this 
     activity through the State energy office that is responsible 
     for developing the State energy conservation plan under 
     section 362.
       ``(c) Contents.--A State developing a State energy 
     transportation plan under this section shall include in such 
     plan a plan to--
       ``(1) deploy a network of electric vehicle supply equipment 
     to ensure access to electricity for electric vehicles, 
     including commercial vehicles, to an extent that such 
     electric vehicles can travel throughout the State without 
     running out of a charge;
       ``(2) promote modernization of the electric grid, including 
     through the use of renewable energy sources to power the 
     electric grid, to accommodate demand for power to operate 
     electric vehicle supply equipment and to utilize energy 
     storage capacity provided by electric vehicles, including 
     commercial vehicles; and
       ``(3) implement other measures to reduce the consumption of 
     petroleum-based fuels.
       ``(d) Coordination.--In developing a State energy 
     transportation plan under this section, a State shall 
     coordinate, as appropriate, with--
       ``(1) State regulatory authorities (as defined in section 3 
     of the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (16 
     U.S.C. 2602));
       ``(2) electric utilities;
       ``(3) regional transmission organizations or independent 
     system operators;
       ``(4) private entities that provide electric vehicle 
     charging services;
       ``(5) State transportation agencies, metropolitan planning 
     organizations, and local governments;
       ``(6) electric vehicle manufacturers;
       ``(7) public and private entities that manage vehicle 
     fleets; and
       ``(8) public and private entities that manage ports, 
     airports, or other transportation hubs.
       ``(e) Technical Assistance.--Upon request of the Governor 
     of a State, the Secretary shall provide information and 
     technical assistance in the development, implementation, or 
     revision of a State energy transportation plan.
       ``(f) Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment Defined.--For 
     purposes of this section, the term `electric vehicle supply 
     equipment' means conductors, including ungrounded, grounded, 
     and equipment grounding conductors, electric vehicle 
     connectors, attachment plugs, and all other fittings, 
     devices, power outlets, or apparatuses installed specifically 
     for the purpose of delivering energy to an electric 
     vehicle.''.
       (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of sections for part D 
     of title III of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act is 
     amended by adding at the end the following:

       ``Sec. 367. State energy transportation plans.''.
       (b) State Energy Conservation Plans.--Section 362(d) of the 
     Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6322(d)) is 
     amended--
       (1) in paragraph (17), by striking ``; and'' and inserting 
     a semicolon;
       (2) by redesignating paragraph (18) as paragraph (19); and
       (3) by inserting after paragraph (17) the following:

[[Page H333]]

       ``(18) a State energy transportation plan developed in 
     accordance with section 367; and''.
       (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 365(f) of the 
     Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6325(f)) is 
     amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(3) State energy transportation plans.--In addition to 
     the amounts authorized under paragraph (1), for the purpose 
     of carrying out section 367, there are authorized to be 
     appropriated such sums as may be necessary.''.

     SEC. 202. TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION.

       Section 131 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 
     2007 (42 U.S.C. 17011) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)(6)--
       (A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``, including ground 
     support equipment at ports'' before the semicolon;
       (B) in subparagraph (E), by inserting ``and vehicles'' 
     before the semicolon;
       (C) in subparagraph (H), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (D) in subparagraph (I)--
       (i) by striking ``battery chargers,''; and
       (ii) by striking the period at the end and inserting a 
     semicolon; and
       (E) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(J) installation of electric vehicle supply equipment for 
     recharging plug-in electric drive vehicles, including such 
     equipment that is accessible in rural and urban areas and in 
     underserved or disadvantaged communities and such equipment 
     for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, including at depots and 
     in-route locations;
       ``(K) multi-use charging hubs used for multiple forms of 
     transportation;
       ``(L) medium- and heavy-duty vehicle smart charging 
     management and refueling;
       ``(M) battery recycling and secondary use, including for 
     medium- and heavy-duty vehicles; and
       ``(N) sharing of best practices, and technical assistance 
     provided by the Department to public utilities commissions 
     and utilities, for medium- and heavy-duty vehicle 
     electrification.'';
       (2) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in paragraph (3)(A)(ii), by inserting ``, components 
     for such vehicles, and charging equipment for such vehicles'' 
     after ``vehicles''; and
       (B) in paragraph (6), by striking ``$90,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2008 through 2012'' and inserting ``such sums as 
     may be necessary'';
       (3) in subsection (c)--
       (A) in the header, by striking ``Near-Term'' and inserting 
     ``Large-Scale''; and
       (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``$95,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2008 through 2013'' and inserting ``such sums as 
     may be necessary''; and
       (4) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e) and 
     inserting after subsection (c) the following:
       ``(d) Priority.--In providing grants under subsections (b) 
     and (c), the Secretary shall give priority consideration to 
     applications that contain a written assurance that all 
     laborers and mechanics employed by contractors or 
     subcontractors during construction, alteration, or repair 
     that is financed, in whole or in part, by a grant provided 
     under this section shall be paid wages at rates not less than 
     those prevailing on similar construction in the locality, as 
     determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with 
     sections 3141 through 3144, 3146, and 3147 of title 40, 
     United States Code (and the Secretary of Labor shall, with 
     respect to the labor standards described in this clause, have 
     the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan 
     Numbered 14 of 1950 (5 U.S.C. App.) and section 3145 of title 
     40, United States Code).''.

     SEC. 203. FEDERAL FLEETS.

       (a) Minimum Federal Fleet Requirement.--Section 303 of the 
     Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13212) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the following:
       ``(3) The Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator 
     of General Services, shall ensure that in acquiring medium- 
     and heavy-duty vehicles for a Federal fleet, a Federal entity 
     shall acquire zero-emission vehicles to the maximum extent 
     feasible.'';
       (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
       ``(b) Percentage Requirements.--
       ``(1) In general.--
       ``(A) Light-duty vehicles.--Beginning in fiscal year 2026, 
     100 percent of the total number of light-duty vehicles 
     acquired by a Federal entity for a Federal fleet shall be 
     alternative fueled vehicles, of which--
       ``(i) at least 50 percent shall be zero-emission vehicles 
     or plug-in hybrids in fiscal years 2026 through 2034;
       ``(ii) at least 75 percent shall be zero-emission vehicles 
     or plug-in hybrids in fiscal years 2035 through 2049; and
       ``(iii) 100 percent shall be zero-emission vehicles in 
     fiscal year 2050 and thereafter.
       ``(B) Medium- and heavy-duty vehicles.--The following 
     percentages of the total number of medium- and heavy-duty 
     vehicles acquired by a Federal entity for a Federal fleet 
     shall be alternative fueled vehicles:
       ``(i) At least 20 percent in fiscal years 2026 through 
     2029.
       ``(ii) At least 30 percent in fiscal years 2030 through 
     2039.
       ``(iii) At least 40 percent in fiscal years 2040 through 
     2049.
       ``(iv) At least 50 percent in fiscal year 2050 and 
     thereafter.
       ``(2) Exception.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
     Administrator of General Services where appropriate, may 
     permit a Federal entity to acquire for a Federal fleet a 
     smaller percentage than is required in paragraph (1) for a 
     fiscal year, so long as the aggregate percentage acquired for 
     each class of vehicle for all Federal fleets in the fiscal 
     year is at least equal to the required percentage.
       ``(3) Definitions.--In this subsection:
       ``(A) Federal fleet.--The term `Federal fleet' means a 
     fleet of vehicles that are centrally fueled or capable of 
     being centrally fueled and are owned, operated, leased, or 
     otherwise controlled by or assigned to any Federal executive 
     department, military department, Government corporation, 
     independent establishment, or executive agency, the United 
     States Postal Service, the Congress, the courts of the United 
     States, or the Executive Office of the President. Such term 
     does not include--
       ``(i) motor vehicles held for lease or rental to the 
     general public;
       ``(ii) motor vehicles used for motor vehicle manufacturer 
     product evaluations or tests;
       ``(iii) law enforcement vehicles;
       ``(iv) emergency vehicles; or
       ``(v) motor vehicles acquired and used for military 
     purposes that the Secretary of Defense has certified to the 
     Secretary must be exempt for national security reasons.
       ``(B) Fleet.--The term `fleet' means--
       ``(i) 20 or more light-duty vehicles, located in a 
     metropolitan statistical area or consolidated metropolitan 
     statistical area, as established by the Bureau of the Census, 
     with a 1980 population of more than 250,000; or
       ``(ii) 10 or more medium- or heavy-duty vehicles, located 
     at a Federal facility or located in a metropolitan 
     statistical area or consolidated metropolitan statistical 
     area, as established by the Bureau of the Census, with a 1980 
     population of more than 250,000.''; and
       (3) in subsection (f)(2)(B)--
       (A) by striking ``, either''; and
       (B) in clause (i), by striking ``or'' and inserting 
     ``and''.
       (b) Federal Fleet Conservation Requirements.--Section 
     400FF(a) of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 
     6374e) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1)--
       (A) by striking ``18 months after the date of enactment of 
     this section'' and inserting ``12 months after the date of 
     enactment of the Buy Low and Sell High Act'';
       (B) by striking ``2010'' and inserting ``2023''; and
       (C) by striking ``and increase alternative fuel 
     consumption'' and inserting ``, increase alternative fuel 
     consumption, and reduce vehicle greenhouse gas emissions''; 
     and
       (2) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
       ``(2) Goals.--The goals of the requirements under paragraph 
     (1) are that each Federal agency shall--
       ``(A) reduce fleet-wide per-mile greenhouse gas emissions 
     from agency fleet vehicles, relative to a baseline of 
     emissions in 2015, by--
       ``(i) not less than 30 percent by the end of fiscal year 
     2026;
       ``(ii) not less than 50 percent by the end of fiscal year 
     2030; and
       ``(iii) 100 percent by the end of fiscal year 2050; and
       ``(B) increase the annual percentage of alternative fuel 
     consumption by agency fleet vehicles as a proportion of total 
     annual fuel consumption by Federal fleet vehicles, to 
     achieve--
       ``(i) 25 percent of total annual fuel consumption that is 
     alternative fuel by the end of fiscal year 2026;
       ``(ii) 50 percent of total annual fuel consumption that is 
     alternative fuel by the end of fiscal year 2035; and
       ``(iii) at least 85 percent of total annual fuel 
     consumption that is alternative fuel by the end of fiscal 
     year 2050.''.

                         TITLE III--FUEL SUPPLY

     SEC. 301. ASSISTANCE FOR WESTERN HEMISPHERE REFINERIES.

       (a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Energy shall establish 
     and carry out a program to increase the amount of crude oil 
     refined in oil refineries located in covered countries by--
       (1) developing, producing, or procuring resources, 
     materials, or equipment that can be used at such oil 
     refineries to increase the amount of crude oil refined at 
     such oil refineries;
       (2) providing to covered entities, under such terms and 
     conditions as the Secretary of Energy determines appropriate, 
     resources, materials, or equipment that can be used at such 
     oil refineries to increase the amount of crude oil refined at 
     such oil refineries;
       (3) issuing grants, loans, or loan guarantees to covered 
     entities, under such terms and conditions as the Secretary of 
     Energy determines appropriate, to carry out projects in 
     covered countries that can increase the amount of crude oil 
     refined in such oil refineries; and
       (4) providing technical assistance to covered entities, as 
     the Secretary of Energy determines necessary to increase the 
     amount of crude oil refined in such oil refineries.
       (b) Partnerships.--The Secretary of Energy may partner with 
     other Federal agencies to carry out the program established 
     under subsection (a).
       (c) Authority To Enter Into Agreements.--In carrying out 
     the program established under subsection (a), the Secretary 
     of

[[Page H334]]

     Energy may enter into one or more agreements directly with 
     third parties under such terms and conditions as the 
     Secretary of Energy determines appropriate.
       (d) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Covered country.--The term ``covered country'' means a 
     foreign country located in the Western Hemisphere, other than 
     Venezuela, with respect to which the Secretary of State, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary 
     of Energy, determines that increased crude oil refining in 
     that country would promote the national security and economic 
     interests of the United States.
       (2) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' means a 
     covered country or a third party that owns or operates an oil 
     refinery located in a covered country.
       (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy to carry out 
     this section $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2024, to remain 
     available until September 30, 2026.