[Congressional Record Volume 168, Number 162 (Tuesday, October 11, 2022)]
[Senate]
[Pages S6546-S6553]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 6447. Mr. REED (for Mr. Menendez) submitted an amendment intended 
to be proposed to amendment SA 5499 proposed by Mr. Reed (for himself 
and Mr. Inhofe) to the bill H.R. 7900, to authorize appropriations for 
fiscal year 2023 for military activities of the Department of Defense 
and for military construction, and for defense activities of the 
Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for 
such fiscal year, and for other purposes; which was ordered to lie on 
the table; as follows:

  At the appropriate place insert the following:

                 DIVISION F--MATTERS RELATED TO TAIWAN

     SEC. 10001. SHORT TITLE.

       This division may be cited as ``Matters Related to 
     Taiwan''.

TITLE I--IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ENHANCED DEFENSE PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE 
                        UNITED STATES AND TAIWAN

     SEC. 10101. MODERNIZING TAIWAN'S SECURITY CAPABILITIES TO 
                   DETER AND, IF NECESSARY, DEFEAT AGGRESSION BY 
                   THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

       (a) Taiwan Security Programs.--The Secretary of State, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of Defense, shall use the 
     authorities under this section to strengthen the United 
     States-Taiwan defense relationship, and to support the 
     acceleration of the modernization of Taiwan's defense 
     capabilities, consistent with the Taiwan Relations Act 
     (Public Law 96-8).
       (b) Purpose.--In addition to the purposes otherwise 
     authorized for Foreign Military Financing programs under the 
     Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.), a purpose 
     of the Foreign Military Financing Program should be to 
     provide assistance, including equipment, training, and other 
     support, to build the civilian and defensive military 
     capabilities of Taiwan--
       (1) to accelerate the modernization of self-defense 
     capabilities that will enable Taiwan to delay, degrade, and 
     deny attempts by People's Liberation Army forces--
       (A) to conduct coercive or grey zone activities;
       (B) to blockade Taiwan; or
       (C) to secure a lodgment on any islands administered by 
     Taiwan and expand or otherwise use such lodgment to seize 
     control of a population center or other key territory in 
     Taiwan; and
       (2) to prevent the People's Republic of China from 
     decapitating, seizing control of, or otherwise neutralizing 
     or rendering ineffective Taiwan's civilian and defense 
     leadership.
       (c) Regional Contingency Stockpile.--Of the amounts 
     authorized to be appropriated pursuant to subsection (g), not 
     more than $100,000,000 may be used during each of the fiscal 
     years 2023 through 2032 to maintain a stockpile (if 
     established under section 10002), in accordance with section 
     514 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321h), 
     as amended by section 10002.
       (d) Availability of Funds.--
       (1) Annual spending plan.--Not later than March 1, 2023, 
     and annually thereafter, the Secretary of State, in 
     coordination with the Secretary of Defense, shall submit a 
     plan to the appropriate committees of Congress describing how 
     amounts authorized to be appropriated pursuant to subsection 
     (g), if made available, would be used to achieve the purpose 
     described in subsection (b).
       (2) Certification.--
       (A) In general.--Amounts authorized to be appropriated for 
     each fiscal year pursuant to subsection (g) are authorized to 
     be made available after the Secretary of State, in 
     coordination with the Secretary of Defense, certifies not 
     less than annually to the appropriate committees of Congress 
     that Taiwan has increased its defense spending relative to 
     Taiwan's defense spending in its prior fiscal year, which may 
     include support for an asymmetric strategy, excepting 
     accounts in Taiwan's defense budget related to personnel 
     expenditures, (other than military training and education and 
     any funding related to the All-Out Defense Mobilization 
     Agency).
       (B) Waiver.--The Secretary of State may waive the 
     certification requirement under subparagraph (A) if the 
     Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, 
     certifies to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
     Senate, the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate, the 
     Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, the Committee on 
     Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, the 
     Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives, 
     and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
     Representatives that for any given year--
       (i) Taiwan is unable to increase its defense spending 
     relative to its defense spending in its prior fiscal year due 
     to severe hardship; and
       (ii) making available the amounts authorized under 
     subparagraph (A) is in the national interests of the United 
     States.
       (3) Remaining funds.--Amounts authorized to be appropriated 
     for a fiscal year pursuant to subsection (g) that are not 
     obligated and expended during such fiscal year shall be added 
     to the amount that may be used for Foreign Military Financing 
     to Taiwan in the subsequent fiscal year.
       (e) Annual Report on Advancing the Defense of Taiwan.--
       (1) Appropriate congressional committees defined.--In this 
     subsection, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
     means--
       (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
       (B) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
       (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
     Representatives; and
       (D) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
     Representatives.
       (2) Initial report.--Concurrently with the first 
     certification required under subsection (d)(2), the Secretary 
     of State and the Secretary of Defense shall jointly submit a 
     report to the appropriate congressional committees that 
     describes steps taken to enhance the United States-Taiwan 
     defense relationship and Taiwan's modernization of its 
     defense capabilities.
       (3) Matters to be included.--Each report required under 
     paragraph (2) shall include--
       (A) an assessment of the commitment of Taiwan to implement 
     a military strategy that will deter and, if necessary, defeat 
     military aggression by the People's Republic of China, 
     including the steps that Taiwan has taken and the steps that 
     Taiwan has not taken towards such implementation;
       (B) an assessment of the efforts of Taiwan to acquire and 
     employ within its forces counterintervention capabilities, 
     including--
       (i) long-range precision fires;
       (ii) integrated air and missile defense systems;

[[Page S6547]]

       (iii) anti-ship cruise missiles;
       (iv) land-attack cruise missiles;
       (v) coastal defense;
       (vi) anti-armor;
       (vii) undersea warfare;
       (viii) survivable swarming maritime assets;
       (ix) manned and unmanned aerial systems;
       (x) mining and countermining capabilities;
       (xi) intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance 
     capabilities;
       (xii) command and control systems; and
       (xiii) any other defense capabilities that the United 
     States and Taiwan jointly determine are crucial to the 
     defense of Taiwan;
       (C) an evaluation of the balance between conventional and 
     counter intervention capabilities in the defense force of 
     Taiwan as of the date on which the report is submitted;
       (D) an assessment of steps taken by Taiwan to enhance the 
     overall readiness of its defense forces, including--
       (i) the extent to which Taiwan is requiring and providing 
     regular and relevant training to such forces;
       (ii) the extent to which such training is realistic to the 
     security environment that Taiwan faces; and
       (iii) the sufficiency of the financial and budgetary 
     resources Taiwan is putting toward readiness of such forces;
       (E) an assessment of steps taken by Taiwan to ensure that 
     the Taiwan Reserve Command can recruit, train, and equip its 
     forces;
       (F) an evaluation of--
       (i) the severity of manpower shortages in the military of 
     Taiwan, including in the reserve forces;
       (ii) the impact of such shortages in the event of a 
     conflict scenario; and
       (iii) the efforts made by Taiwan to address such shortages;
       (G) an assessment of the efforts made by Taiwan to boost 
     its civilian defenses, including any informational campaigns 
     to raise awareness among the population of Taiwan of the 
     risks Taiwan faces;
       (H) an assessment of the efforts made by Taiwan to secure 
     its critical infrastructure, including in transportation, 
     telecommunications networks, and energy;
       (I) an assessment of the efforts made by Taiwan to enhance 
     its cybersecurity, including the security of civilian 
     government and military networks;
       (J) an assessment of any significant gaps in any of the 
     matters described in subparagraphs (A) through (I) with 
     respect to which the United States assesses that additional 
     action is needed;
       (K) a description of cooperative efforts between the United 
     States and Taiwan on the matters described in subparagraphs 
     (A) through (J); and
       (L) a description of any resistance in Taiwan to--
       (i) implementing the matters described in subparagraphs (A) 
     through (I); or
       (ii) United States' support or engagement with regard to 
     such matters.
       (4) Subsequent reports.--Concurrently with subsequent 
     certifications required under subsection (d)(2), the 
     Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense shall jointly 
     submit updates to the initial report required under paragraph 
     (2) that provides a description of changes and developments 
     that occurred in the prior year.
       (5) Form.--The reports required under paragraphs (2) and 
     (4) shall be submitted in classified form, but shall include 
     a detailed unclassified summary.
       (6) Sharing of summary.--The Secretary of State and the 
     Secretary of Defense shall jointly share the unclassified 
     summary required under paragraph (5) with Taiwan, as 
     appropriate.
       (f) Foreign Military Financing Loan and Loan Guarantee 
     Authority.--
       (1) Direct loans.--
       (A) In general.--Notwithstanding section 23(c)(1) of the 
     Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763), during fiscal years 
     2023 through 2027, the Secretary of State is authorized to 
     make direct loans available for Taiwan pursuant to section 23 
     of such Act.
       (B) Maximum obligations.--Gross obligations for the 
     principal amounts of loans authorized under subparagraph (A) 
     may not exceed $2,000,000,000.
       (C) Source of funds.--
       (i) Defined term.--In this subparagraph, the term 
     ``cost''--

       (I) has the meaning given such term in section 502(5) of 
     the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 661a(5));
       (II) shall include the cost of modifying a loan authorized 
     under subparagraph (A); and
       (III) may include the costs of selling, reducing, or 
     cancelling any amounts owed to the United States or to any 
     agency of the United States.

       (ii) In general.--Amounts authorized to be appropriated 
     pursuant to subsection (g) may be made available to pay for 
     the cost of loans authorized under subparagraph (A).
       (D) Fees authorized.--
       (i) In general.--The Government of the United States may 
     charge fees for loans made pursuant to subparagraph (A), 
     which shall be collected from borrowers through a financing 
     account (as defined in section 502(7) of the Congressional 
     Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 661a(7)).
       (ii) Limitation on fee payments.--Amounts made available 
     under any appropriations Act for any fiscal year may not be 
     used to pay any fees associated with a loan authorized under 
     subparagraph (A).
       (E) Repayment.--Loans made pursuant to subparagraph (A) 
     shall be repaid not later than 12 years after the loan is 
     received by the borrower, including a grace period of not 
     more than 1 year on repayment of principal.
       (F) Interest.--
       (i) In general.--Notwithstanding section 23(c)(1) of the 
     Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763(c)(1)), interest for 
     loans made pursuant to subparagraph (A) may be charged at a 
     rate determined by the Secretary of State, except that such 
     rate may not be less than the prevailing interest rate on 
     marketable Treasury securities of similar maturity.
       (ii) Treatment of loan amounts used to pay interest.--
     Amounts made available under this paragraph for interest 
     costs shall not be considered assistance for the purposes of 
     any statutory limitation on assistance to a country.
       (2) Loan guarantees.--
       (A) In general.--Amounts authorized to be appropriated 
     pursuant to subsection (g) may be made available for the 
     costs of loan guarantees for Taiwan under section 24 of the 
     Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2764) for Taiwan to 
     subsidize gross obligations for the principal amount of 
     commercial loans and total loan principal, any part of which 
     may be guaranteed, not to exceed $2,000,000,000.
       (B) Maximum amounts.--A loan guarantee authorized under 
     subparagraph (A)--
       (i) may not guarantee a loan that exceeds $2,000,000,000; 
     and
       (ii) may not exceed 80 percent of the loan principal with 
     respect to any single borrower.
       (C) Subordination.--Any loan guaranteed pursuant to 
     subparagraph (A) may not be subordinated to--
       (i) another debt contracted by the borrower; or
       (ii) any other claims against the borrower in the case of 
     default.
       (D) Repayment.--Repayment in United States dollars of any 
     loan guaranteed under this paragraph shall be required not 
     later than 12 years after the loan agreement is signed.
       (E) Fees.--Notwithstanding section 24 of the Arms Export 
     Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2764), the Government of the United 
     States may charge fees for loan guarantees authorized under 
     subparagraph (A), which shall be collected from borrowers, or 
     from third parties on behalf of such borrowers, through a 
     financing account (as defined in section 502(7) of the 
     Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 661a(7)).
       (F) Treatments of loan guarantees.--Amounts made available 
     under this paragraph for the costs of loan guarantees 
     authorized under subparagraph (A) shall not be considered 
     assistance for the purposes of any statutory limitation on 
     assistance to a country.
       (3) Notification requirement.--Amounts authorized to be 
     appropriated to carry out this subsection may not be expended 
     without prior notification of the appropriate committees of 
     Congress.
       (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
       (1) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to 
     amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated for Foreign 
     Military Financing, there is authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Department of State for Taiwan Foreign Military Finance 
     grant assistance up to $2,000,000,000 for each of the fiscal 
     years 2023 through 2027.
       (2) Training and education.--Of the amounts authorized to 
     be appropriated under paragraph (1), the Secretary of State 
     should use not less than $2,000,000 per fiscal year for one 
     or more blanket order Foreign Military Financing training 
     programs related to the defense needs of Taiwan.
       (3) Direct commercial contracting.--Of the amounts 
     authorized to be appropriated under paragraph (1), the 
     Secretary of State may utilize such funds for the procurement 
     of defense articles, defense services, or design and 
     construction services that are not sold by the United States 
     Government under the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 
     et seq.).
       (4) Offshore procurement.--Of the amounts authorized to be 
     appropriated for Foreign Military Financing and made 
     available for Taiwan, not more than 15 percent made available 
     for each fiscal year may be available for the procurement by 
     Taiwan in Taiwan of defense articles and defense services, 
     including research and development, as agreed by the United 
     States and Taiwan.
       (h) Sunset Provision.--Assistance may not be provided under 
     this section after September 30, 2032.

     SEC. 10102. INCREASE IN ANNUAL REGIONAL CONTINGENCY STOCKPILE 
                   ADDITIONS AND SUPPORT FOR TAIWAN.

       (a) In General.--Section 514(b)(2)(A) of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321h(b)(2)(A)) is amended 
     by striking ``$200,000,000'' and all that follows and 
     inserting ``$500,000,000 for any of the fiscal years 2023, 
     2024, or 2025.''.
       (b) Establishment.--Subject to section 514 of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321h), the President may 
     establish a regional contingency stockpile for Taiwan that 
     consists of munitions and other appropriate defense articles.
       (c) Inclusion of Taiwan Among Other Allies Eligible for 
     Defense Articles.--Chapter 2 of part II of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2311 et seq.) is amended--
       (1) in section 514(c)(2) (22 U.S.C. 2321h(c)(2)), by 
     inserting ``Taiwan,'' after ``Thailand,''; and
       (2) in section 516(c)(2) (22 U.S.C. 2321j(c)(2)), by 
     inserting ``to Taiwan,'' after ``major non-

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     NATO allies on such southern and southeastern flank,''.
       (d) Annual Briefing.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
     of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 7 
     years, the President shall provide a briefing to the 
     appropriate committees of Congress regarding the status of a 
     regional contingency stockpile established under subsection 
     (b).

     SEC. 10103. INTERNATIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION AND TRAINING 
                   COOPERATION WITH TAIWAN.

       The Secretary of State is authorized to provide training 
     and education to relevant entities in Taiwan through the 
     International Military Education and Training program (22 
     U.S.C. 2347 et seq).

     SEC. 10104. ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES TO SUPPORT TAIWAN.

       (a) Drawdown Authority.--Section 506(a) of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2318(a)) is amended , 
     insert the following paragraph:
       ``(3) In addition to amounts already specified in this 
     section, the President may direct the drawdown of defense 
     articles from the stocks of the Department of Defense, 
     defense services of the Department of Defense, and military 
     education and training, of an aggregate value of not to 
     exceed $1,000,000,000 per fiscal year, to be provided to 
     Taiwan.''.
       (b) Emergency Authority.--In section 552(c) of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2348a(c)), insert at the 
     end the following: ``In addition to the aggregate value of 
     $25,000,000 authorized in paragraph (2) of the preceding 
     sentence, the President may direct the drawdown of 
     commodities and services from the inventory and resources of 
     any agency of the United States Government for the purposes 
     of providing necessary and immediate assistance to Taiwan of 
     a value not to exceed $25,000,000 in any fiscal year.''.

     SEC. 10105. MULTI-YEAR PLAN TO FULFILL DEFENSIVE REQUIREMENTS 
                   OF MILITARY FORCES OF TAIWAN AND MODIFICATION 
                   OF ANNUAL REPORT ON TAIWAN MILITARY 
                   CAPABILITIES AND INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT.

       (a) Multi-year Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense 
     and the Secretary of State shall engage for the purposes of 
     establishing a joint consultative mechanism with appropriate 
     officials of Taiwan to develop and implement a multi-year 
     plan to provide for the acquisition of appropriate defensive 
     capabilities by Taiwan and to engage with Taiwan in a series 
     of combined training, exercises, and planning activities 
     consistent with the Taiwan Relations Act (Public Law 96-8; 22 
     U.S.C. 3301 et seq.).
       (b) Elements.--The plan required by subsection (a) shall 
     include the following:
       (1) An identification of the defensive military capability 
     gaps and capacity shortfalls of Taiwan that are required to--
       (A) allow Taiwan to respond effectively to aggression by 
     the People's Liberation Army or other actors from the 
     People's Republic of China; and
       (B) advance a strategy of denial, reduce the threat of 
     conflict, thwart an invasion, and mitigate other risks to the 
     United States and Taiwan.
       (2) An assessment of the relative priority assigned by 
     appropriate departments and agencies of Taiwan to include its 
     military to address such capability gaps and capacity 
     shortfalls.
       (3) An explanation of the annual resources committed by 
     Taiwan to address such capability gaps and capacity 
     shortfalls.
       (4) A description and justification of the relative 
     importance of overcoming each identified capability gap and 
     capacity shortfall for deterring, delaying, or defeating 
     military aggression by the People's Republic of China;
       (5) An assessment of--
       (A) the capability gaps and capacity shortfalls that could 
     be addressed in a sufficient and timely manner by Taiwan; and
       (B) the capability gaps and capacity shortfalls that are 
     unlikely to be addressed in a sufficient and timely manner 
     solely by Taiwan.
       (6) An assessment of the capability gaps and capacity 
     shortfalls described in paragraph (5)(B) that could be 
     addressed in a sufficient and timely manner by--
       (A) the Foreign Military Financing, Foreign Military Sales, 
     and Direct Commercial Sales programs of the Department of 
     State;
       (B) Department of Defense security assistance authorized by 
     chapter 16 of title 10, United States Code;
       (C) Department of State training and education programs 
     authorized by chapter 5 of part II of the Foreign Assistance 
     Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2347 et seq.);
       (D) section 506 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
     U.S.C. 2318);
       (E) the provision of excess defense articles pursuant to 
     the requirements of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
     2751 et seq.); or
       (F) any other authority available to the Secretary of 
     Defense or the Secretary of State.
       (7) A description of United States or Taiwan engagement 
     with other countries that could assist in addressing in a 
     sufficient and timely manner the capability gaps and capacity 
     shortfalls identified pursuant to paragraph (1).
       (8) An identification of opportunities to build 
     interoperability, combined readiness, joint planning 
     capability, and shared situational awareness between the 
     United States, Taiwan, and other foreign partners and allies, 
     as appropriate, through combined training, exercises, and 
     planning events, including--
       (A) table-top exercises and wargames that allow operational 
     commands to improve joint and combined planning for 
     contingencies involving a well-equipped adversary in a 
     counter-intervention campaign;
       (B) joint and combined exercises that test the feasibility 
     of counter-intervention strategies, develop interoperability 
     across services, and develop the lethality and survivability 
     of combined forces against a well-equipped adversary;
       (C) logistics exercises that test the feasibility of 
     expeditionary logistics in an extended campaign with a well-
     equipped adversary;
       (D) service-to-service exercise programs that build 
     functional mission skills for addressing challenges posed by 
     a well-equipped adversary in a counter-intervention campaign; 
     and
       (E) any other combined training, exercises, or planning 
     with Taiwan's military forces that the Secretary of Defense 
     and Secretary of State consider relevant.
       (9) An identification of options for the United States to 
     use, to the maximum extent practicable, existing authorities 
     or programs to expedite military assistance to Taiwan in the 
     event of a crisis or conflict, including--
       (A) a list of defense articles of the United States that 
     may be transferred to Taiwan during a crisis or conflict;
       (B) a list of authorities that may be used to provide 
     expedited military assistance to Taiwan during a crisis or 
     conflict;
       (C) an assessment of methods that could be used to deliver 
     such assistance to Taiwan during a crisis or conflict, 
     including--
       (i) the feasibility of employing such methods in different 
     scenarios; and
       (ii) recommendations for improving the ability of the Armed 
     Forces to deliver such assistance to Taiwan; and
       (D) an assessment of any challenges in providing such 
     assistance to Taiwan in the event of a crisis or conflict and 
     recommendations for addressing such challenges.
       (c) Recurrence.--The joint consultative mechanism required 
     in subsection (a) shall convene on a recurring basis and not 
     less than annually.

     SEC. 10106. FAST-TRACKING SALES TO TAIWAN UNDER FOREIGN 
                   MILITARY SALES PROGRAM.

       (a) Preclearance of Certain Foreign Military Sales Items.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
     Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of 
     Defense, and in conjunction with coordinating entities such 
     as the National Disclosure Policy Committee, the Arms 
     Transfer and Technology Release Senior Steering Group, and 
     other appropriate entities, shall compile a list of available 
     and emerging military platforms, technologies, and equipment 
     that are pre-cleared and prioritized for sale and release to 
     Taiwan through the Foreign Military Sales program.
       (2) Selection of items.--
       (A) Rule of construction.--The list compiled pursuant to 
     paragraph (1) shall not be construed as limiting the type, 
     timing, or quantity of items that may be requested by, or 
     sold to, Taiwan under the Foreign Military Sales program.
       (B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this Act shall be 
     construed to supersede congressional notification 
     requirements as required by the Arms Export Control Act (22 
     U.S.C. 2751 et. seq.).
       (b) Prioritized Processing of Foreign Military Sales 
     Requests From Taiwan.--
       (1) Requirement.--The Secretary of State and the Secretary 
     of Defense shall prioritize and expedite the processing of 
     requests from Taiwan under the Foreign Military Sales 
     program, and may not delay the processing of requests for 
     bundling purposes.
       (2) Duration.--The requirement under paragraph (1) shall 
     continue until the Secretary of State determines and 
     certifies to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
     and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
     Representatives that the threat to Taiwan has significantly 
     abated.
       (c) Interagency Policy.--The Secretary of State and the 
     Secretary of Defense shall jointly review and update 
     interagency policies and implementation guidance related to 
     Foreign Military Sales requests from Taiwan, including 
     incorporating the preclearance provisions of this section.

     SEC. 10107. EXPEDITING DELIVERY OF ARMS EXPORTS TO TAIWAN AND 
                   UNITED STATES ALLIES IN THE INDO-PACIFIC.

       (a) Report Required.--Not later than March 1, 2023, and 
     annually thereafter for a period of 5 years, the Secretary of 
     State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, shall 
     transmit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
     with respect to the transfer of all defense articles or 
     defense services that have yet to be completed pursuant to 
     the authorities provided by--
       (1) section 3, 21, or 36 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 
     U.S.C. 2753, 2761, or 2776); or
       (2) section 516(c)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
     (22 U.S.C. 2321j(c)(2)).
       (b) Elements.--The report required under subsection (a) 
     shall include the following elements:
       (1) A list of all approved transfers of defense articles 
     and services authorized by Congress pursuant to sections 25 
     and 36 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2765, 2776) 
     with a total value of $25,000,000 or more, to Taiwan, Japan, 
     South Korea, Australia,

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     the Philippines, Thailand, or New Zealand, that have not been 
     fully delivered by the start of the fiscal year in which the 
     report is being submitted.
       (2) The estimated start and end dates of delivery for each 
     approved and incomplete transfer listed pursuant to paragraph 
     (1), including additional details and dates for any transfers 
     that involve multiple tranches of deliveries.
       (3) With respect to each approved and incomplete transfer 
     listed pursuant to paragraph (1), a detailed description of--
       (A) any changes in the delivery dates of defense articles 
     or services relative to the dates anticipated at the time of 
     congressional approval of the transfer, including specific 
     reasons for any delays related to the United States 
     Government, defense suppliers, or a foreign partner;
       (B) the feasibility and advisability of providing the 
     partner subject to such delayed delivery with an interim 
     capability or solution, including drawing from United States 
     stocks, and the mechanisms under consideration for doing so 
     as well as any challenges to implementing such a capability 
     or solution;
       (C) authorities, appropriations, or waiver requests that 
     Congress could provide to improve delivery timelines or 
     authorize the provision of interim capabilities or solutions 
     identified pursuant to subparagraph (B); and
       (D) a description of which countries are ahead of Taiwan 
     for delivery of each item listed pursuant to paragraph (1).
       (4) A description of ongoing interagency efforts to support 
     attainment of operational capability of the corresponding 
     defense articles and services once delivered, including 
     advance training with United States or armed forces of 
     partner countries on the systems to be received. The 
     description of any such training shall also include an 
     identification of the training implementer.
       (5) If a transfer listed pursuant to paragraph (1) has been 
     terminated prior to the date of the submission of the report 
     for any reason--
       (A) the case information for such transfer, including the 
     date of congressional notification, delivery date of the 
     Letter of Offer and Acceptance (LOA), final signature of the 
     LOA, and information pertaining to delays in delivering LOAs 
     for signature;
       (B) a description of the reasons for which the transfer is 
     no longer in effect; and
       (C) the impact this termination will have on the intended 
     end-user and the consequent implications for regional 
     security, including the impact on deterrence of military 
     action by countries hostile to the United States, the 
     military balance in the Taiwan Strait, and other factors.
       (6) A separate description of the actions the United States 
     is taking to expedite and prioritize deliveries of defense 
     articles and services to Taiwan, including--
       (A) a description of what actions the Department of State 
     and the Department of Defense have taken or are planning to 
     take to prioritize Taiwan's Foreign Military Sales cases;
       (B) current procedures or mechanisms for determining that a 
     Foreign Military Sales case for Taiwan should be prioritized 
     above a sale to another country of the same or similar item; 
     and
       (C) whether the United States intends to divert defense 
     articles from United States stocks to provide an interim 
     capability or solution with respect to any delayed deliveries 
     to Taiwan and the plan, if applicable, to replenish any such 
     diverted stocks.
       (7) A description of other potential actions already 
     undertaken by or currently under consideration by the 
     Department of State and the Department of Defense to improve 
     delivery timelines for the transfers listed pursuant to 
     paragraph (1).
       (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this 
     section, the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' 
     means--
       (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on 
     Armed Services of the Senate; and
       (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
     Armed Services of the House of Representatives.
       (d) Form.--The report required under subsection (b) shall 
     be submitted in unclassified form but may include a 
     classified annex.

     SEC. 10108. ASSESSMENT OF TAIWAN'S NEEDS FOR CIVILIAN DEFENSE 
                   AND RESILIENCE.

       (a) Assessment Required.--Not later than 120 days after the 
     date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State and the 
     Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the Director of 
     National Intelligence, shall submit a written assessment, 
     with a classified annex, of Taiwan's needs in the areas of 
     civilian defense and resilience to the appropriate committees 
     of Congress, the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
     Senate, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of 
     the House of Representatives.
       (b) Matters to Be Included.--The assessment required under 
     subsection (a) shall--
       (1) analyze the potential role of Taiwan's public and 
     civilian assets in defending against various scenarios for 
     foreign militaries to coerce or conduct military aggression 
     against Taiwan;
       (2) carefully analyze Taiwan's needs for enhancing its 
     defensive capabilities through the support of civilians and 
     civilian sectors, including--
       (A) greater utilization of Taiwan's high tech labor force;
       (B) the creation of clear structures and logistics support 
     for civilian defense role allocation;
       (C) recruitment and skills training for Taiwan's defense 
     and civilian sectors; and
       (D) other defense needs and considerations at the 
     provincial, city, and neighborhood levels;
       (3) analyze Taiwan's needs for enhancing resiliency among 
     its people and in key economic sectors;
       (4) identify opportunities for Taiwan to enhance 
     communications at all levels to strengthen trust and 
     understanding between the military, other government 
     departments, civilian agencies and the general public, 
     including--
       (A) communications infrastructure necessary to ensure 
     reliable communications in response to a conflict or crisis; 
     and
       (B) a plan to effectively communicate to the general public 
     in response to a conflict or crisis; and
       (5) identify the areas and means through which the United 
     States could provide training, exercises, and assistance at 
     all levels to support the needs discovered through the 
     assessment and fill any critical gaps where capacity falls 
     short of such needs.
       (c) Sharing of Report.--The assessment required by 
     subsection (a) shall be shared with appropriate officials 
     Taiwan to facilitate cooperation.

     SEC. 10109. ANNUAL REPORT ON TAIWAN DEFENSIVE MILITARY 
                   CAPABILITIES AND INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT.

       Section 1248 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
     Fiscal Year 2022 (Public Law 117-81; 135 Stat. 1988) is 
     amended to read as follows:

     ``SEC. 1248. ANNUAL REPORT ON TAIWAN CAPABILITIES AND 
                   INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of State and the Secretary 
     of Defense, in coordination with the heads of other relevant 
     Federal departments and agencies, shall jointly each year 
     through fiscal year 2027, consistent with the Taiwan 
     Relations Act (Public Law 96-8; 22 U.S.C. 3302(c)), perform 
     an annual assessment of security matters related to Taiwan, 
     including intelligence matters, Taiwan's defensive military 
     capabilities, and how defensive shortcomings or 
     vulnerabilities of Taiwan could be mitigated through 
     cooperation, modernization, or integration. At a minimum, the 
     assessment shall include the following:
       ``(1) An intelligence assessment regarding--
       ``(A) conventional military and nuclear threats to Taiwan 
     from China, including exercises, patrols, and presence 
     intended to intimidate or coerce Taiwan; and
       ``(B) irregular warfare activities, including influence 
     operations, conducted by China to interfere in or undermine 
     the peace and stability of the Taiwan Strait.
       ``(2) The current military capabilities of Taiwan and the 
     ability of Taiwan to defend itself from external conventional 
     and irregular military threats across a range of scenarios.
       ``(3) The interoperability of current and future defensive 
     capabilities of Taiwan with the military capabilities of the 
     United States and its allies and partners.
       ``(4) The plans, tactics, techniques, and procedures 
     underpinning an effective defense strategy for Taiwan, 
     including how addressing identified capability gaps and 
     capacity shortfalls will improve the effectiveness of such 
     strategy.
       ``(5) A description of additional personnel, resources, and 
     authorities in Taiwan or in the United States that may be 
     required to meet any shortcomings in the development of 
     Taiwan's military capabilities identified pursuant to this 
     section.
       ``(6) With respect to materiel capabilities and capacities 
     the Secretary of Defense and Secretary of State jointly 
     assess to be most effective in deterring, defeating, or 
     delaying military aggression by the People's Republic of 
     China, a prioritized list of capability gaps and capacity 
     shortfalls of the military forces of Taiwan, including--
       ``(A) an identification of--
       ``(i) any United States, Taiwan, or ally or partner country 
     defense production timeline challenge related to potential 
     materiel and solutions to such capability gaps;
       ``(ii) the associated investment costs of enabling expanded 
     production for items currently at maximum production;
       ``(iii) the associated investment costs of, or mitigation 
     strategies for, enabling export for items currently not 
     exportable; and
       ``(iv) existing stocks of such capabilities in the United 
     States and ally and partner countries;
       ``(B) the feasibility and advisability of procuring 
     solutions to such gaps and shortfalls through United States 
     allies and partners, including through co-development or co-
     production;
       ``(C) the feasibility and advisability of assisting Taiwan 
     in the domestic production of solutions to capability gaps, 
     including through--
       ``(i) the transfer of intellectual property; and
       ``(ii) co-development or co-production arrangements;
       ``(D) the estimated costs, expressed in a range of options, 
     of procuring sufficient capabilities and capacities to 
     address such gaps and shortfalls;
       ``(E) an assessment of the relative priority assigned by 
     appropriate officials of Taiwan to each such gap and 
     shortfall; and
       ``(F) a detailed explanation of the extent to which Taiwan 
     is prioritizing the development, production, or fielding of 
     solutions to

[[Page S6550]]

     such gaps and shortfalls within its overall defense budget.
       ``(7) The applicability of Department of State and 
     Department of Defense authorities for improving the defensive 
     military capabilities of Taiwan in a manner consistent with 
     the Taiwan Relations Act.
       ``(8) A description of any security assistance provided or 
     Foreign Military Sales and Direct Commercial Sales activity 
     with Taiwan over the past year.
       ``(9) A description of each engagement between the United 
     States and Taiwan personnel related to planning over the past 
     year.
       ``(10) With respect to each to training and exercises --
       ``(A) a description of each such instance over the past 
     year;
       ``(B) a description of how each such instance--
       ``(i) sought to achieve greater interoperability, improved 
     readiness, joint planning capability, and shared situational 
     awareness between the United States and Taiwan, or among the 
     United States, Taiwan, and other countries;
       ``(ii) familiarized the militaries of the United States and 
     Taiwan with each other; and
       ``(iii) improved Taiwan's defense capabilities.
       ``(11) A description of the areas and means through which 
     the United States is assisting and support training, 
     exercises, and assistance to support Taiwan's requirements 
     related to civilian defense and resilience, and how the 
     United States is seeking to assist Taiwan in addressing any 
     critical gaps where capacity falls short of meeting such 
     requirements, including those elements identified in the 
     assessment required by [section 10100 of the James M. Inhofe 
     National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023].
       ``(12) An assessment of the implications of current levels 
     of pre-positioned war reserve materiel on the ability of the 
     United States to respond to a crisis or conflict involving 
     Taiwan with respect to--
       ``(A) providing military or non-military aid to Taiwan; and
       ``(B) sustaining military installations and other 
     infrastructure of the United States in the Indo-Pacific 
     region.
       ``(13) An assessment of the current intelligence, 
     surveillance, and reconnaissance capabilities of Taiwan, 
     including any existing gaps in such capabilities and 
     investments in such capabilities by Taiwan since the 
     preceding report.
       ``(14) A summary of changes to pre-positioned war reserve 
     materiel of the United States in the Indo-Pacific region 
     since the preceding report.
       ``(15) Any other matters the Secretary of Defense or the 
     Secretary of State considers appropriate.
       ``(b) Plan.--The Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of 
     State shall jointly develop a plan for assisting Taiwan in 
     improving its defensive military capabilities and addressing 
     vulnerabilities identified pursuant to subsection (a) that 
     includes--
       ``(1) recommendations, if any, for new Department of State 
     or Department of Defense authorities, or modifications to 
     existing Department of State or Department of Defense 
     authorities, necessary to improve the defensive military 
     capabilities of Taiwan in a manner consistent with the Taiwan 
     Relations Act (Public Law 96-8; 22 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.);
       ``(2) an identification of opportunities for key leader and 
     subject matter expert engagement between Department personnel 
     and military and civilian counterparts in Taiwan; and
       ``(3) an identification of challenges and opportunities for 
     leveraging authorities, resources, and capabilities outside 
     the Department of Defense and the Department of State to 
     improve the defensive capabilities of Taiwan in accordance 
     with the Taiwan Relations Act.
       ``(c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter through 
     fiscal year 2027, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of 
     Defense shall jointly submit to the appropriate committees of 
     Congress--
       ``(1) a report on the results of the assessment required by 
     subsection (a);
       ``(2) the plan required by subsection (b); and
       ``(3) a report on--
       ``(A) the status of efforts to develop and implement the 
     joint multi-year plan required under section 10007 of the 
     James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
     Year 2023 to provide for the acquisition of appropriate 
     defensive military capabilities by Taiwan and to engage with 
     Taiwan in a series of combined training and planning 
     activities consistent with the Taiwan Relations Act (Public 
     Law 96-8; 22 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.); and
       ``(B) any other matters the Secretary considers necessary.
       ``(d) Form.--The reports required by subsection (c) shall 
     be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a 
     classified annex.
       ``(e) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--The term 
     `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
       ``(1) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
     Foreign Relations of the Senate; and
       ``(2) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
     Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives.''.

    TITLE II--COUNTERING PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA'S COERCION AND 
                          INFLUENCE CAMPAIGNS

     SEC. 10201. STRATEGY TO RESPOND TO INFLUENCE AND INFORMATION 
                   OPERATIONS TARGETING TAIWAN.

       (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for the 
     following 5 years, the Secretary of State, in coordination 
     with the Director of National Intelligence, shall develop and 
     implement a strategy to respond to--
       (1) covert, coercive, and corrupting activities carried out 
     to advance the Chinese Communist Party's ``United Front'' 
     work, including activities directed, coordinated, or 
     otherwise supported by the United Front Work Department or 
     its subordinate or affiliated entities; and
       (2) information and disinformation campaigns, cyber 
     attacks, and nontraditional propaganda measures supported by 
     the Government of the People's Republic of China and the 
     Chinese Communist Party that are directed toward persons or 
     entities in Taiwan.
       (b) Elements.--The strategy required under subsection (a) 
     shall include descriptions of--
       (1) the proposed response to propaganda and disinformation 
     campaigns by the People's Republic of China and cyber-
     intrusions targeting Taiwan, including--
       (A) assistance in building the capacity of Taiwan's public 
     and private-sector entities to document and expose propaganda 
     and disinformation supported by the Government of the 
     People's Republic of China, the Chinese Communist Party, or 
     affiliated entities;
       (B) assistance to enhance Taiwan's ability to develop a 
     holistic strategy to respond to sharp power operations, 
     including election interference; and
       (C) media training for Taiwan officials and other Taiwan 
     entities targeted by disinformation campaigns;
       (2) the proposed response to political influence operations 
     that includes an assessment of the extent of influence 
     exerted by the Government of the People's Republic of China 
     and the Chinese Communist Party in Taiwan on local political 
     parties, financial institutions, media organizations, and 
     other entities;
       (3) support for exchanges and other technical assistance to 
     strengthen the Taiwan legal system's ability to respond to 
     sharp power operations; and
       (4) programs carried out by the Global Engagement Center to 
     expose misinformation and disinformation in the Chinese 
     Communist Party's propaganda.

     SEC. 10202. STRATEGY TO COUNTER ECONOMIC COERCION BY THE 
                   PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA TARGETING COUNTRIES 
                   AND ENTITIES THAT SUPPORT TAIWAN.

       (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
     submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
     description of the strategy being used by the Department of 
     State to respond to the Government of the People's Republic 
     of China's increased response, including economic coercion, 
     against countries which have strengthened their ties with, or 
     support for, Taiwan.
       (b) Assistance for Countries and Entities Targeted by the 
     People's Republic of China for Economic Coercion.--The 
     Department of State, the United States Agency for 
     International Development, the United States International 
     Development Finance Corporation, the Department of Commerce 
     and the Department of the Treasury shall provide appropriate 
     assistance to countries and entities that are subject to 
     coercive economic practices by the People's Republic of 
     China.
       (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this 
     section, the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' 
     means--
       (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
       (2) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
       (3) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
       (4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
     Representatives;
       (5) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
     Representatives; and
       (6) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
     Representatives.

     SEC. 10203. CHINA CENSORSHIP MONITOR AND ACTION GROUP.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
     ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
       (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on 
     Appropriations of the Senate; and
       (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
     Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
       (2) Qualified research entity.--The term ``qualified 
     research entity'' means an entity that--
       (A) is a nonpartisan research organization or a Federally 
     funded research and development center;
       (B) has appropriate expertise and analytical capability to 
     write the report required under subsection (c); and
       (C) is free from any financial, commercial, or other 
     entanglements, which could undermine the independence of such 
     report or create a conflict of interest or the appearance of 
     a conflict of interest, with--
       (i) the Government of the People's Republic of China;

[[Page S6551]]

       (ii) the Chinese Communist Party;
       (iii) any company incorporated in the People's Republic of 
     China or a subsidiary of such company; or
       (iv) any company or entity incorporated outside of the 
     People's Republic of China that is believed to have a 
     substantial financial or commercial interest in the People's 
     Republic of China.
       (3) United states person.--The term ``United States 
     person'' means--
       (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted 
     for permanent residence to the United States; or
       (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States 
     or any jurisdiction within the United States, including a 
     foreign branch of such an entity.
       (b) China Censorship Monitor and Action Group.--
       (1) In general.--The President shall establish an 
     interagency task force, which shall be known as the ``China 
     Censorship Monitor and Action Group'' (referred to in this 
     subsection as the ``Task Force'').
       (2) Membership.--The President shall take the following 
     actions with respect to the membership of, and participation 
     in, the Task Force:
       (A) Appoint the chair of the Task Force from among the 
     staff of the National Security Council.
       (B) Appoint the vice chair of the Task Force from among the 
     staff of the National Economic Council.
       (C) Direct the head of each of the following executive 
     branch agencies to appoint personnel to participate in the 
     Task Force:
       (i) The Department of State.
       (ii) The Department of Commerce.
       (iii) The Department of the Treasury.
       (iv) The Department of Justice.
       (v) The Office of the United States Trade Representative.
       (vi) The Office of the Director of National Intelligence, 
     and other appropriate elements of the intelligence community 
     (as defined in section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 
     (50 U.S.C. 3003)).
       (vii) The United States Agency for Global Media.
       (viii) Other agencies designated by the President.
       (3) Responsibilities.--The Task Force shall--
       (A) oversee the development and execution of an integrated 
     Federal Government strategy to monitor and address the 
     impacts of efforts directed, or directly supported, by the 
     Government of the People's Republic of China to censor or 
     intimidate, in the United States or in any of its possessions 
     or territories, any United States person, including United 
     States companies that conduct business in the People's 
     Republic of China, which are exercising their right to 
     freedom of speech; and
       (B) submit the strategy developed pursuant to subparagraph 
     (A) to the appropriate congressional committees not later 
     than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.
       (4) Meetings.--The Task Force shall meet not less 
     frequently than twice per year.
       (5) Consultations.--The Task Force should regularly 
     consult, to the extent necessary and appropriate, with--
       (A) Federal agencies that are not represented on the Task 
     Force;
       (B) independent agencies of the United States Government 
     that are not represented on the Task Force;
       (C) relevant stakeholders in the private sector and the 
     media; and
       (D) relevant stakeholders among United States allies and 
     partners facing similar challenges related to censorship or 
     intimidation by the Government of the People's Republic of 
     China.
       (6) Reporting requirements.--
       (A) Annual report.--The Task Force shall submit an annual 
     report to the appropriate congressional committees that 
     describes, with respect to the reporting period--
       (i) the strategic objectives and policies pursued by the 
     Task Force to address the challenges of censorship and 
     intimidation of United States persons while in the United 
     States or any of its possessions or territories, which is 
     directed or directly supported by the Government of the 
     People's Republic of China;
       (ii) the activities conducted by the Task Force in support 
     of the strategic objectives and policies referred to in 
     clause (i); and
       (iii) the results of the activities referred to in clause 
     (ii) and the impact of such activities on the national 
     interests of the United States.
       (B) Form of report.--Each report submitted pursuant to 
     subparagraph (A) shall be unclassified, but may include a 
     classified annex.
       (C) Congressional briefings.--Not later than 90 days after 
     the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually 
     thereafter, the Task Force shall provide briefings to the 
     appropriate congressional committees regarding the activities 
     of the Task Force to execute the strategy developed pursuant 
     to paragraph (3)(A).
       (c) Report on Censorship and Intimidation of United States 
     Persons by the Government of the People's Republic of 
     China.--
       (1) Report.--
       (A) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
     select and seek to enter into an agreement with a qualified 
     research entity that is independent of the Department of 
     State to write a report on censorship and intimidation in the 
     United States and its possessions and territories of United 
     States persons, including United States companies that 
     conduct business in the People's Republic of China, which is 
     directed or directly supported by the Government of the 
     People's Republic of China.
       (B) Matters to be included.--The report required under 
     subparagraph (A) shall--
       (i) assess major trends, patterns, and methods of the 
     Government of the People's Republic of China's efforts to 
     direct or directly support censorship and intimidation of 
     United States persons, including United States companies that 
     conduct business in the People's Republic of China, which are 
     exercising their right to freedom of speech;
       (ii) assess, including through the use of illustrative 
     examples, as appropriate, the impact on and consequences for 
     United States persons, including United States companies that 
     conduct business in the People's Republic of China, that 
     criticize--

       (I) the Chinese Communist Party;
       (II) the Government of the People's Republic of China;
       (III) the authoritarian model of government of the People's 
     Republic of China; or
       (IV) a particular policy advanced by the Chinese Communist 
     Party or the Government of the People's Republic of China;

       (iii) identify the implications for the United States of 
     the matters described in clauses (i) and (ii);
       (iv) assess the methods and evaluate the efficacy of the 
     efforts by the Government of the People's Republic of China 
     to limit freedom of expression in the private sector, 
     including media, social media, film, education, travel, 
     financial services, sports and entertainment, technology, 
     telecommunication, and internet infrastructure interests;
       (v) include policy recommendations for the United States 
     Government, including recommendations regarding collaboration 
     with United States allies and partners, to address censorship 
     and intimidation by the Government of the People's Republic 
     of China; and
       (vi) include policy recommendations for United States 
     persons, including United States companies that conduct 
     business in China, to address censorship and intimidation by 
     the Government of the People's Republic of China.
       (C) Applicability to united states allies and partners.--To 
     the extent practicable, the report required under 
     subparagraph (A) should identify implications and policy 
     recommendations that are relevant to United States allies and 
     partners facing censorship and intimidation directed or 
     directly supported by the Government of the People's Republic 
     of China.
       (2) Submission of report.--
       (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
     submit the report written by the qualified research entity 
     selected pursuant to paragraph (1)(A) to the appropriate 
     congressional committees.
       (B) Publication.--The report referred to in subparagraph 
     (A) shall be made accessible to the public online through 
     relevant United States Government websites.
       (d) Sunset.--This section shall terminate on the date that 
     is 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act.

     TITLE III--INCLUSION OF TAIWAN IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

     SEC. 10301. PARTICIPATION OF TAIWAN IN INTERNATIONAL 
                   ORGANIZATIONS.

       (a) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United 
     States to promote Taiwan's inclusion and meaningful 
     participation in international organizations.
       (b) Support for Meaningful Participation.--The Permanent 
     Representative of the United States to the United Nations and 
     other relevant United States officials shall actively support 
     Taiwan's meaningful participation in all appropriate 
     international organizations.
       (c) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit a 
     report to the appropriate committees of Congress that--
       (1) describes the People's Republic of China's efforts at 
     the United Nations and other international bodies to block 
     Taiwan's meaningful participation and inclusion; and
       (2) recommends appropriate responses that should be taken 
     by the United States to carry out the policy described in 
     subsection (a).
       (d) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this 
     section, the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' 
     means--
       (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
       (2) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
       (3) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
       (4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
     Representatives;
       (5) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
     Representatives; and
       (6) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
     Representatives.

     SEC. 10302. MEANINGFUL PARTICIPATION OF TAIWAN IN THE 
                   INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 
     should allow Taiwan to meaningfully participate in the 
     organization, including in ICAO triennial assembly sessions,

[[Page S6552]]

     conferences, technical working groups, meetings, activities, 
     and mechanisms;
       (2) Taiwan is a global leader and hub for international 
     aviation, with a range of expertise, information, and 
     resources and the fifth busiest airport in Asia (Taoyuan 
     International Airport), and its meaningful participation in 
     ICAO would significantly enhance the ability of ICAO to 
     ensure the safety and security of global aviation; and
       (3) coercion by the Chinese Communist Party and the 
     People's Republic of China has ensured the systematic 
     exclusion of Taiwan from meaningful participation in ICAO, 
     significantly undermining the ability of ICAO to ensure the 
     safety and security of global aviation.
       (b) Plan for Taiwan's Meaningful Participation in the 
     International Civil Aviation Organization.--The Secretary of 
     State, in coordination with the Secretary of Commerce and the 
     Secretary of Transportation, is authorized--
       (1) to initiate a United States plan to secure Taiwan's 
     meaningful participation in ICAO, including in ICAO triennial 
     assembly sessions, conferences, technical working groups, 
     meetings, activities, and mechanisms; and
       (2) to instruct the United States representative to the 
     ICAO to--
       (A) use the voice and vote of the United States to ensure 
     Taiwan's meaningful participation in ICAO, including in ICAO 
     triennial assembly sessions, conferences, technical working 
     groups, meetings, activities, and mechanisms; and
       (B) seek to secure a vote at the next ICAO triennial 
     assembly session on the question of Taiwan's participation in 
     that session.
       (c) Report Concerning Taiwan's Meaningful Participation in 
     the International Civil Aviation Organization.--Not later 
     than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and 
     not later than April 1 of each year thereafter for the 
     following 6 years, the Secretary of State, in coordination 
     with the Secretary of Commerce, shall submit to the Committee 
     on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
     and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign 
     Affairs and Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
     Representatives an unclassified report that--
       (1) describes the United States plan to ensure Taiwan's 
     meaningful participation in ICAO, including in ICAO triennial 
     assembly sessions, conferences, technical working groups, 
     meetings, activities, and mechanisms;
       (2) includes an account of the efforts made by the 
     Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce to ensure 
     Taiwan's meaningful participation in ICAO, including in ICAO 
     triennial assembly sessions, conferences, technical working 
     groups, meetings, activities, and mechanisms; and
       (3) identifies the steps the Secretary of State and the 
     Secretary of Commerce will take in the next year to ensure 
     Taiwan's meaningful participation in ICAO, including in ICAO 
     triennial assembly sessions, conferences, technical working 
     groups, meetings, activities, and mechanisms.

                   TITLE IV--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

     SEC. 10401. REPORT ON TAIWAN TRAVEL ACT.

       (a) List of High-level Visits.--Not later than 180 days 
     after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually 
     thereafter for the following 5 years, the Secretary of State, 
     in accordance with the Taiwan Travel Act (Public Law 115-
     135), shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
     Congress--
       (1) a list of high-level officials from the United States 
     Government who have traveled to Taiwan; and
       (2) a list of high-level officials of Taiwan who have 
     entered the United States.
       (b) Annual Report.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for the 
     following 5 years, the Secretary of State shall submit a 
     report on the implementation of the Taiwan Travel Act, 
     including a discussion of its positive effects on United 
     States interests in the region, to the appropriate committees 
     of Congress.
       (2) Form.--The report required under paragraph (1) shall be 
     submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
     annex.
       (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this 
     section, the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' 
     means--
       (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
       (2) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
       (3) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
       (4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
     Representatives;
       (5) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
     Representatives; and
       (6) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
     Representatives.

     SEC. 10402. AMENDMENTS TO THE TAIWAN ALLIES INTERNATIONAL 
                   PROTECTION AND ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVE (TAIPEI) 
                   ACT OF 2019.

       The Taiwan Allies International Protection and Enhancement 
     Initiative (TAIPEI) Act of 2019 (Public Law 116-135) is 
     amended--
       (1) in section 2(5), by striking ``and Kiribati'' and 
     inserting ``Kiribati, and Nicaragua,'';
       (2) in section 4--
       (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
     ``should be'' and inserting ``is'';
       (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (C) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
     inserting ``; and''; and
       (D) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(4) to support Taiwan's diplomatic relations with 
     governments and countries''; and
       (3) in section 5--
       (A) in subsection (a)--
       (i) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (ii) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; and''; and
       (iii) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(4) identify why governments and countries have altered 
     their diplomatic status vis-a-vis Taiwan and make 
     recommendations to mitigate further deterioration in Taiwan's 
     diplomatic relations with governments and countries.'';
       (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``1 year after the date 
     of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 
     five years, the Secretary of State shall report'' and 
     inserting ``90 days after the date of the enactment of 
     Matters Related to Taiwan, and annually thereafter for the 
     following 7 years, the Secretary of State shall submit an 
     unclassified report, with a classified annex,'';
       (C) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and
       (D) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
       ``(c) Briefings.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     the enactment of Matters Related to Taiwan, and annually 
     thereafter for the following 7 years, the Department of State 
     shall provide briefings to the appropriate congressional 
     committees on the steps taken in accordance with section (a). 
     The briefings required under this subsection shall take place 
     in an unclassified setting, but may be accompanied by an 
     additional classified briefing.''.

     SEC. 10403. REPORT ON ROLE OF PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA'S 
                   NUCLEAR THREAT IN ESCALATION DYNAMICS.

       (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director 
     of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate 
     congressional committees a report assessing the role of the 
     increasing nuclear threat of the People's Republic of China 
     in escalation dynamics with respect to Taiwan.
       (b) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
     submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
     annex.
       (c) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this 
     section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
     means--
       (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
       (2) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
       (3) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate;
       (4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
     Representatives;
       (5) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
     Representatives; and
       (6) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
     House of Representatives.

     SEC. 10404. REPORT ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF RUSSIA'S WAR 
                   AGAINST UKRAINE ON THE OBJECTIVES OF THE 
                   PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA WITH RESPECT TO 
                   TAIWAN.

       (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director 
     of National Intelligence, shall submit a report to the 
     appropriate congressional committees that analyzes the impact 
     of Russia's war against Ukraine on the PRC's diplomatic, 
     military, economic, and propaganda objectives with respect to 
     Taiwan.
       (b) Elements.--The report required under subsection (a) 
     shall describe--
       (1) adaptations or known changes to PRC strategies and 
     military doctrine since the commencement of the Russian 
     invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, including changes--
       (A) to PRC behavior in international forums;
       (B) within the People's Liberation Army, with respect to 
     the size of forces, the makeup of leadership, weapons 
     procurement, equipment upkeep, the doctrine on the use of 
     specific weapons, such as weapons banned under the 
     international law of armed conflict, efforts to move weapons 
     supply chains onto mainland PRC, or any other changes in its 
     military strategy with respect to Taiwan;
       (C) in economic planning, such as sanctions evasion, 
     efforts to minimize exposure to sanctions, or moves in 
     support of the protection of currency or other strategic 
     reserves;
       (D) to propaganda, disinformation, and other information 
     operations originating in the PRC; and
       (E) to the PRC's strategy for the use of force against 
     Taiwan, including any information on preferred scenarios or 
     operations to secure its objectives in Taiwan, adjustments 
     based on how the Russian military has performed in Ukraine, 
     and other relevant matters;
       (2) United States' plans to adapt its policies and military 
     planning in response to the changes referred to in paragraph 
     (1).
       (c) Form.--The report required under subsection (a) shall 
     be submitted in classified form.
       (d) Coordination With Allies and Partners.--The Secretary 
     of State shall share information contained in the report 
     required

[[Page S6553]]

     under subsection (a), as appropriate, with appropriate 
     officials of allied and partners, including Taiwan and other 
     partners in Europe and in the Indo-Pacific.
       (e) Defined Term.--In this section, the term ``appropriate 
     congressional committees'' means--
       (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
       (2) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
       (3) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
       (4) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate;
       (5) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of 
     the Senate;
       (6) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
     Representatives;
       (7) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
     Representatives;
       (8) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
     Representatives;
       (9) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
     House of Representatives; and
       (10) the Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
     Representatives.

         TITLE V--UNITED STATES-TAIWAN PUBLIC HEALTH PROTECTION

     SEC. 10501. SHORT TITLE.

       This title may be cited as ``United States-Taiwan Public 
     Health Protection Act''.

     SEC. 10502. DEFINITIONS.

       In this title:
       (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--For the purposes 
     of this title, the term ``appropriate congressional 
     committees'' means--
       (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
       (B) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 
     of the Senate;
       (C) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
       (D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
     Representatives;
       (E) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
     Representatives; and
       (F) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
     Representatives.
       (2) Center.--The term ``Center'' means the Infectious 
     Disease Monitoring Center described in section 10503.

     SEC. 10503. STUDY.

       (a) Study.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State and the 
     Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation with 
     the heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, 
     shall submit to appropriate congressional committees a study 
     that includes the following:
       (1) A description of ongoing cooperation between the United 
     States Government and Taiwan related to public health, 
     including public health activities supported by the United 
     States in Taiwan.
       (2) A description how the United States and Taiwan can 
     promote further cooperation and expand public health 
     activities, including the feasibility and utility of 
     establishing an Infectious Disease Monitoring Center within 
     the American Institute of Taiwan in Taipei, Taiwan to--
       (A) regularly monitor, analyze, and disseminate open-source 
     material from countries in the region, including viral 
     strains, bacterial subtypes, and other pathogens;
       (B) engage in people-to-people contacts with medical 
     specialists and public health officials in the region;
       (C) provide expertise and information on infectious 
     diseases to the United States Government and Taiwanese 
     officials; and
       (D) carry out other appropriate activities, as determined 
     by the Director of the Center.
       (b) Elements.--The study required by subsection (a) shall 
     include--
       (1) a plan on how such a Center would be established and 
     operationalized, including--
       (A) the personnel, material, and funding requirements 
     necessary to establish and operate the Center; and
       (B) the proposed structure and composition of Center 
     personnel, which may include--
       (i) infectious disease experts from the Department of 
     Health and Human Services, who are recommended to serve as 
     detailees to the Center; and
       (ii) additional qualified persons to serve as detailees to 
     or employees of the Center, including--

       (I) from any other relevant Federal department or agencies, 
     to include the Department of State and the United States 
     Agency for International Development;
       (II) qualified foreign service nationals or locally engaged 
     staff who are considered citizens of Taiwan; and
       (III) employees of the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control;

       (2) an evaluation, based on the factors in paragraph (1), 
     of whether to establish the Center; and
       (3) a description of any consultations or agreements 
     between the American Institute in Taiwan and the Taipei 
     Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the United 
     States regarding the establishment and operation of the 
     Center, including--
       (A) the role that employees of the Taiwan Centers for 
     Disease Control would play in supporting or coordinating with 
     the Center; and
       (B) whether any employees of the Taiwan Centers for Disease 
     Control would be detailed to, or co-located with, the Center.
       (c) Consultation.--The Secretary of State and the Secretary 
     of Health and Human Services shall consult with the 
     appropriate congressional committees before full completion 
     of the study.

                    TITLE VI--RULES OF CONSTRUCTION

     SEC. 10601. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

       Nothing in this division may be construed--
       (1) to restore diplomatic relations with the Republic of 
     China; or
       (2) to alter the United States Government's position with 
     respect to the international status of the Republic of China.

     SEC. 10602. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION REGARDING THE USE OF 
                   MILITARY FORCE.

       Nothing in this division may be construed as authorizing 
     the use of military force or the introduction of United 
     States forces into hostilities.
                                 ______