[Congressional Record Volume 168, Number 158 (Thursday, September 29, 2022)]
[Senate]
[Pages S5738-S5745]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 6219. Mr. RISCH (for himself and Mr. Menendez) submitted an 
amendment intended to be proposed to amendment SA 5499 submitted by Mr. 
Reed (for himself and Mr. Inhofe) and intended to be proposed to the 
bill H.R. 7900, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2023 for 
military activities of the Department of Defense, for military 
construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, 
to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for 
other purposes; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

       At the end of title XII, insert the following:

            Subtitle G--International Pandemic Preparedness

     SEC. 1281. SHORT TITLE.

       This subtitle may be cited as the ``International Pandemic 
     Preparedness and COVID-19 Response Act of 2022''.

     SEC. 1282. DEFINITIONS.

       In this subtitle:
       (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
     ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
       (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
       (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
       (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
     Representatives; and
       (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
     Representatives.
       (2) Global health security agenda; ghsa.--The terms 
     ``Global Health Security Agenda'' and ``GHSA'' mean the 
     multi-sectoral initiative launched in 2014, and renewed in 
     2018, that brings together countries, regions, international 
     organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and the private 
     sector--
       (A) to elevate global health security as a national-level 
     priority;
       (B) to share best practices; and
       (C) to facilitate national capacity to comply with and 
     adhere to--
       (i) the International Health Regulations (2005);
       (ii) the international standards and guidelines established 
     by the World Organisation for Animal Health;
       (iii) United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 
     (2004);
       (iv) the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, 
     Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological and Toxin 
     Weapons and on their Destruction, done at Washington, London, 
     and Moscow, April 10, 1972 (commonly referred to as the 
     ``Biological Weapons Convention'');
       (v) the Global Health Security Agenda 2024 Framework; and
       (vi) other relevant frameworks that contribute to global 
     health security.
       (3) Global health security index .--The term ``Global 
     Health Security Index'' means the comprehensive assessment 
     and benchmarking of health security and related capabilities 
     across the countries that make up the States Parties to the 
     International Health Regulations (2005).
       (4) Global health security initiative.--The term ``Global 
     Health Security Initiative'' means the informal network of 
     countries and organizations that came together in 2001, to 
     undertake concerted global action to strengthen public health 
     preparedness and response to chemical, biological, 
     radiological, and nuclear threats, including pandemic 
     influenza.
       (5) IHR (2005) monitoring and evaluation framework.--The 
     term ``IHR (2005) Monitoring and Evaluation Framework'' means 
     the framework through which the World Health Organization and 
     the State Parties to the International Health Regulations, as 
     amended in 2005, review, measure, and assess core country 
     public health capacities and ensure mutual accountability for 
     global health security under the International Health 
     Regulations (2005), including through the Joint External 
     Evaluations, simulation exercises, and after-action reviews.
       (6) Joint external evaluation.--The term ``Joint External 
     Evaluation'' means the voluntary, collaborative, multi-
     sectoral process facilitated by the World Health 
     Organization--
       (A) to assess country capacity to prevent, detect, and 
     rapidly respond to public health risks occurring naturally or 
     due to deliberate or accidental events;
       (B) to assess progress in achieving the targets under the 
     International Health Regulations (2005); and
       (C) to recommend priority actions.
       (7) Key stakeholders.--The term ``key stakeholders'' means 
     actors engaged in efforts to advance global health security 
     programs and objectives, including--
       (A) national and local governments in partner countries;
       (B) other bilateral donors;
       (C) international, regional, and local organizations, 
     including private, voluntary, nongovernmental, and civil 
     society organizations, including faith-based and indigenous 
     organizations;
       (D) international, regional, and local financial 
     institutions;
       (E) representatives of historically marginalized groups, 
     including women, youth, and indigenous peoples;
       (F) the private sector, including medical device, 
     technology, pharmaceutical, manufacturing, logistics, and 
     other relevant companies; and
       (G) public and private research and academic institutions.
       (8) One health approach.--The term ``One Health approach'' 
     means the collaborative, multi-sectoral, and 
     transdisciplinary approach toward achieving optimal health 
     outcomes in a manner that recognizes the interconnection 
     between people, animals, plants, and their shared 
     environment.
       (9) Pandemic preparedness.--The term ``pandemic 
     preparedness'' refers to the actions taken to establish and 
     sustain the capacity and capabilities necessary to rapidly 
     identify, prevent, protect against, and respond to the 
     emergence, reemergence, and spread of pathogens of pandemic 
     potential.
       (10) Partner country.--The term ``partner country'' means a 
     foreign country in which the relevant Federal departments and 
     agencies are implementing United States foreign assistance 
     for global health security and pandemic prevention and 
     preparedness under this section.
       (11) Relevant federal departments and agencies.--The term 
     ``relevant Federal departments and agencies'' means any 
     Federal department or agency implementing United States 
     policies and programs relevant to the advancement of United 
     States global health security and diplomacy overseas, which 
     may include--
       (A) the Department of State;
       (B) the United States Agency for International Development;
       (C) the Department of Health and Human Services;
       (D) the Department of Defense;
       (E) the Defense Threat Reduction Agency;
       (F) the Millennium Challenge Corporation;
       (G) the Development Finance Corporation;
       (H) the Peace Corps; and
       (I) any other department or agency that the President 
     determines to be relevant for these purposes.
       (12) Resilience.--The term ``resilience'' means the ability 
     of people, households, communities, systems, institutions, 
     countries, and regions to reduce, mitigate, withstand, adapt 
     to, and quickly recover from shocks and stresses in a manner 
     that reduces chronic vulnerability to the emergence, 
     reemergence, and spread of pathogens of pandemic potential 
     and facilitates inclusive growth.
       (13) Respond and response.--The terms ``respond'' and 
     ``response'' mean the actions taken to counter an infectious 
     disease.
       (14) USAID.--The term ``USAID'' means the United States 
     Agency for International Development.

     SEC. 1283. ENHANCING THE UNITED STATES' INTERNATIONAL 
                   RESPONSE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

       (a) Statement of Policy Regarding International Cooperation 
     to End the COVID-19 Pandemic.--It is the policy of the United 
     States to lead and implement a comprehensive and coordinated 
     international response to end the COVID-19 pandemic in a 
     manner that recognizes the critical role that multilateral 
     and regional organizations can and should play in pandemic 
     prevention, preparedness, and response, including by--
       (1) seeking adoption of a United Nations Security Council 
     resolution that--
       (A) declares pandemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic, to 
     be threats to international peace and security; and
       (B) urges member states to address such threats by aligning 
     their health preparedness plans with international best 
     practices, including practices established by the Global 
     Health Security Agenda, to improve country capacity to 
     prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease threats of 
     pandemic potential;
       (2) advancing efforts to reform the World Health 
     Organization to serve as an effective, normative, and 
     coordinating body that is capable of aligning member 
     countries around a strategic operating plan to detect, 
     contain, treat, and deter the further spread of COVID-19;
       (3) providing timely, appropriate levels of financial 
     support to United Nations agencies, multilateral facilities, 
     and other partners responding to the COVID-19 pandemic;
       (4) prioritizing United States foreign assistance for the 
     COVID-19 response in the world's most vulnerable countries 
     and regions;
       (5) encouraging other donor governments to similarly 
     increase contributions to the United Nations agencies, 
     multilateral facilities, and other partners responding to the 
     COVID-19 pandemic in the world's poorest and most vulnerable 
     countries;
       (6) working with key stakeholders to accelerate progress 
     toward meeting and exceeding, as practicable, global COVID-19 
     vaccination goals;
       (7) engaging with key overseas stakeholders, including 
     through multilateral facilities such as the COVID-19 Vaccines 
     Global Access initiative (referred to in this section as 
     ``COVAX'') and the Access to COVID-19 Tools (ACT) Accelerator 
     initiative;
       (8) expanding bilateral efforts, including through the 
     United States International Development Finance Corporation, 
     to accelerate the development, manufacturing, local

[[Page S5739]]

     production, and efficient and equitable distribution of--
       (A) vaccines and related raw materials to meet or exceed 
     the vaccination goals referred to in paragraph (6); and
       (B) global health commodities, including supplies to combat 
     COVID-19 and to help immediately disrupt the transmission of 
     SARS-CoV-2;
       (9) supporting global COVID-19 vaccine distribution 
     strategies that--
       (A) strengthen underlying health systems for global health 
     security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response; 
     and
       (B) ensure that people living in vulnerable and 
     marginalized communities, including women, do not face undue 
     barriers to vaccination;
       (10) working with key stakeholders, including the World 
     Bank Group, the United Nations, the International Monetary 
     Fund, the United States International Development Finance 
     Corporation, and other relevant regional and bilateral 
     financial institutions, to address the economic and financial 
     implications of the COVID-19 pandemic, while taking into 
     account the differentiated needs of disproportionately 
     affected, vulnerable, and marginalized populations;
       (11) entering into discussions with vaccine manufacturing 
     companies to support partnerships, with the goal of ensuring 
     adequate global supply of vaccines, which may include 
     necessary components and raw materials;
       (12) establishing clear timelines, benchmarks, and goals 
     for COVID-19 response strategies and activities under this 
     section; and
       (13) generating commitments of resources in support of the 
     vaccination goals referred to in paragraph (6).
       (b) Global COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution and Delivery.--
       (1) Accelerating global vaccine distribution strategy.--The 
     President shall develop a strategy to expand access to, and 
     accelerate the global distribution of, COVID-19 vaccines to 
     other countries. This strategy shall--
       (A) identify the countries that--
       (i) have the highest infection and death rates due to 
     COVID-19;
       (ii) have the lowest COVID-19 vaccination rates; and
       (iii) face the most difficult political, logistical, and 
     financial challenges to obtaining and delivering COVID-19 
     vaccines;
       (B) describe the basis and metrics used to identify the 
     countries described in subparagraph (A);
       (C) identify which countries and regions will be 
     prioritized and targeted for COVID-19 vaccine delivery, and 
     the rationale for such prioritization;
       (D) describe efforts that the United States is making to 
     increase COVID-19 vaccine manufacturing capacity, both 
     domestically and internationally, as appropriate, through 
     support for the establishment or refurbishment of regional 
     manufacturing hubs in South America, Southern Africa, and 
     South Asia, including through the provision of international 
     development finance;
       (E) estimate when, how many, and which types of vaccines 
     will be provided by the United States Government bilaterally 
     and through COVAX;
       (F) describe efforts to encourage international partners to 
     take actions similar to the efforts referred to in 
     subparagraph (D);
       (G) describe how the United States Government will ensure 
     the efficient delivery of COVID-19 vaccines to intended 
     recipients, including United States citizens residing 
     overseas;
       (H) identify complementary United States foreign assistance 
     that will facilitate vaccine readiness, distribution, 
     delivery, monitoring, and administration activities;
       (I) describe how the United States Government will ensure 
     the efficient delivery and administration of COVID-19 
     vaccines to United States citizens residing overseas, 
     including through the donation of vaccine doses to United 
     States embassies and consulates, as appropriate, giving 
     priority to--
       (i) countries in which United States citizens are deemed 
     ineligible or low priority in the national vaccination 
     deployment plan; and
       (ii) countries that are not presently distributing a COVID-
     19 vaccine that--

       (I) has been licensed or authorized for emergency use by 
     the Food and Drug Administration; or
       (II) has met the necessary criteria for safety and efficacy 
     established by the World Health Organization;

       (J) summarize the United States Government's efforts to 
     encourage and facilitate technology sharing and the licensing 
     of intellectual property, to the extent necessary, to support 
     the adequate and timely supply of vaccines and vaccine 
     components to meet the vaccination goals specified in 
     subsection (a)(6), giving due consideration to avoiding 
     undermining intellectual property innovation and intellectual 
     property rights protections with respect to vaccine 
     development;
       (K) describe the roles, responsibilities, tasks, and, as 
     appropriate, the authorities of the Secretary of State, the 
     USAID Administrator, the Secretary of Health and Human 
     Services, the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and 
     Prevention, the Chief Executive Officer of the United States 
     International Development Finance Corporation, and the heads 
     of other relevant Federal departments and agencies with 
     respect to the implementation of the strategy;
       (L) describe how the Department of State and USAID will 
     coordinate with the Secretary of Health and Human Services 
     and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies--
       (i) to expedite the export and distribution of Federally 
     purchased vaccines to countries in need; and
       (ii) to ensure that such vaccines will not be wasted;
       (M) summarize the United States public diplomacy strategies 
     for branding and addressing vaccine misinformation and 
     hesitancy within partner countries; and
       (N) describe efforts that the United States is making to 
     help countries disrupt the current transmission of COVID-19, 
     utilizing medical products and medical supplies.
       (2) Submission of strategy.--Not later than 90 days after 
     the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 
     shall submit the strategy described in paragraph (1) to--
       (A) the appropriate congressional committees;
       (B) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 
     of the Senate; and
       (C) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
     Representatives.
       (c) Leveraging United States Bilateral Global Health 
     Programs for the International COVID-19 Response.--Amounts 
     appropriated or otherwise made available to carry out section 
     104 of the Foreign Assistance Act (22 U.S.C. 2151b) may be 
     used in countries receiving United States foreign 
     assistance--
       (1) to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, including through the 
     sharing of COVID-19 vaccines; and
       (2) to support related activities, including--
       (A) strengthening vaccine readiness;
       (B) reducing vaccine hesitancy and misinformation;
       (C) delivering and administering COVID-19 vaccines;
       (D) strengthening health systems and global supply chains 
     as necessary for global health security and pandemic 
     preparedness, prevention, and response;
       (E) supporting global health workforce planning, training, 
     and management for pandemic preparedness, prevention, and 
     response;
       (F) enhancing transparency, quality, and reliability of 
     public health data;
       (G) increasing bidirectional testing, including screening 
     for symptomatic and asymptomatic cases; and
       (H) building laboratory capacity.
       (d) Roles of the Department of State, USAID, and the 
     Department of Health and Human Services in International 
     Pandemic Response.--
       (1) Designation of lead agencies for coordination of the 
     united states' international response to infectious disease 
     outbreaks with severe or pandemic potential.--The President 
     shall designate relevant Federal departments and agencies, 
     including the Department of State, USAID, and the Department 
     of Health and Human Services (including the Centers for 
     Disease Control and Prevention), to lead specific aspects of 
     the United States international response to outbreaks of 
     emerging high-consequence infectious disease threats.
       (2) Notification.--Not later than 120 days after the date 
     of the enactment of this Act, the President shall notify the 
     appropriate congressional committees, the Committee on 
     Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, and the 
     Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
     Representatives of the designations made pursuant to 
     paragraph (1), including detailed descriptions of the roles 
     and responsibilities of each relevant department and agency.
       (e) USAID Disaster Surge Capacity.--
       (1) Disaster surge capacity.--Amounts appropriated or 
     otherwise made available to carry out part I and chapter 4 of 
     part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 
     and 2346), including funds made available for ``Assistance 
     for Europe, Eurasia and Central Asia'', may be used, in 
     addition to amounts otherwise made available for such 
     purposes, for the cost (including support costs) of 
     individuals detailed to or employed by USAID whose primary 
     responsibility is to carry out programs in response to global 
     health emergencies and natural or manmade disasters.
       (2) Notification.--Not later than 15 days before making 
     funds available to address manmade disasters pursuant to 
     paragraph (1), the Secretary of State or the USAID 
     Administrator shall notify the appropriate congressional 
     committees of such intended action.

     SEC. 1284. INTERNATIONAL PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND 
                   PREPAREDNESS.

       (a) United States International Activities to Advance 
     Global Health Security and Diplomacy Strategy and Report.--
       (1) In general.--The President shall develop, update, 
     maintain, and advance a comprehensive strategy for improving 
     United States global health security and diplomacy for 
     pandemic prevention, preparedness which, consistent with the 
     purposes of this subtitle, shall --
       (A) clearly articulate United States policy goals related 
     to pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, including 
     through actions to strengthen diplomatic leadership and the 
     effectiveness of United States foreign assistance for global 
     health security through advancement of a One Health approach, 
     the Global Health Security Agenda, the International Health 
     Regulations (2005),

[[Page S5740]]

     and other relevant frameworks that contribute to pandemic 
     prevention and preparedness;
       (B) establish specific and measurable goals, benchmarks, 
     timetables, performance metrics, and monitoring and 
     evaluation plans for United States foreign policy and 
     assistance for global health security that promote learning 
     and adaptation and reflect international best practices 
     relating to global health security, transparency, and 
     accountability;
       (C) establish transparent mechanisms to improve 
     coordination and avoid duplication of effort between and 
     among the relevant Federal departments and agencies, partner 
     countries, donor countries, the private sector, multilateral 
     organizations, and other key stakeholders;
       (D) prioritize working with partner countries with--
       (i) demonstrated need, as identified through the Joint 
     External Evaluation process, the Global Health Security Index 
     classification of health systems, national action plans for 
     health security, Global Health Security Agenda, other risk-
     based assessments, and complementary or successor indicators 
     of global health security and pandemic preparedness; and
       (ii) demonstrated commitment to transparency, including 
     budget and global health data transparency, complying with 
     the International Health Regulations (2005), investing in 
     domestic health systems, and achieving measurable results;
       (E) reduce long-term reliance upon United States foreign 
     assistance for global health security by--
       (i) ensuring that United States global health assistance 
     authorized under this subtitle is strategically planned and 
     coordinated in a manner that delivers immediate impact and 
     contributes to enduring results, including through efforts to 
     enhance community capacity and resilience to infectious 
     disease threats and emergencies; and
       (ii) ensuring partner country ownership of global health 
     security strategies, data, programs, and outcomes and 
     improved domestic resource mobilization, co-financing, and 
     appropriate national budget allocations for global health 
     security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response;
       (F) assist partner countries in building the technical 
     capacity of relevant ministries, systems, and networks to 
     prepare, execute, monitor, and evaluate national action plans 
     for global health security and pandemic prevention, 
     preparedness, and response that are developed with input from 
     key stakeholders, including mechanism to enhance budget and 
     global health data transparency, as necessary and 
     appropriate;
       (G) support and align United States foreign assistance 
     authorized under this subtitle with such national action 
     plans for health security and pandemic prevention, 
     preparedness, and response, as appropriate;
       (H) facilitate communication and collaboration, as 
     appropriate, among local stakeholders in support of country-
     led strategies and initiatives to better identify and prevent 
     health impacts related to deforestation, climate-related 
     events, and increased unsafe interactions between wildlife, 
     livestock, and people contributing to the emergence, 
     reemergence, and spread of zoonoses;
       (I) support global health budget and workforce planning in 
     partner countries, consistent with the purposes of this 
     subtitle, including training in financial management and 
     budget and global health data transparency;
       (J) strengthen linkages between complementary bilateral and 
     multilateral foreign assistance programs, including efforts 
     of the World Bank, the World Health Organization, the Global 
     Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, and Gavi, the 
     Vaccine Alliance, that contribute to the development of more 
     resilient health systems and global supply chains for global 
     health security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and 
     response in partner countries with the capacity, resources, 
     and personnel required to prevent, detect, and respond to 
     infectious disease threats; and
       (K) support innovation and partnerships with the private 
     sector, health organizations, civil society, nongovernmental, 
     faith-based and indigenous organizations, and health research 
     and academic institutions to improve pandemic prevention, 
     preparedness, and response, including for the development and 
     deployment of effective and accessible infectious disease 
     tracking tools, diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines.
       (2) Submission of strategy.--
       (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the President, in consultation 
     with the heads of the relevant Federal departments and 
     agencies, shall submit the strategy required under paragraph 
     (1) to--
       (i) the appropriate congressional committees;
       (ii) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
     Pensions of the Senate; and
       (iii) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
     Representatives.
       (B) Agency-specific plans.--The strategy required under 
     paragraph (1) shall include specific implementation plans 
     from each relevant Federal department and agency that 
     describe--
       (i) the anticipated contributions of the Federal department 
     or agency, including technical, financial, and in-kind 
     contributions, to implement the strategy; and
       (ii) the efforts of the Federal department or agency to 
     ensure that the activities and programs carried out pursuant 
     to the strategy are designed to achieve maximum impact and 
     long-term sustainability.
       (3) Annual report.--
       (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the submission 
     of the strategy pursuant to paragraph (2), and not later than 
     October 1 of each year thereafter, the President shall submit 
     a report to the committees referred to in paragraph (2)(A) 
     that describes the status of the implementation of such 
     strategy.
       (B) Contents.--Each report submitted pursuant to 
     subparagraph (A) shall--
       (i) identify any substantial changes made to the strategy 
     during the preceding calendar year;
       (ii) describe the progress made in implementing the 
     strategy, including specific information related to the 
     progress toward improving countries' ability to detect, 
     prevent, and respond to infectious disease threats, such as 
     COVID-19 and Ebola;
       (iii) identify--

       (I) the indicators used to establish benchmarks and measure 
     results over time; and
       (II) the mechanisms for reporting such results in an open 
     and transparent manner;

       (iv) contain a transparent, open, and detailed accounting 
     of obligations by relevant Federal departments and agencies 
     to implement the strategy, including, to the extent 
     practicable, for each such Federal department and agency, the 
     statutory source of obligated funds, the amounts obligated, 
     implementing partners and sub-partners, targeted 
     beneficiaries, and activities supported; and
       (v) the efforts of the relevant Federal department or 
     agency to ensure that the activities and programs carried out 
     pursuant to the strategy are designed to achieve maximum 
     impact and enduring results, including through specific 
     activities to strengthen health systems for global health 
     security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, 
     as appropriate.
       (C) Form.--The strategy and reports required under this 
     subsection shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 
     contain a classified annex.
       (b) Establishment of the United States Global Health 
     Security Agenda Interagency Review Council.--
       (1) Statement of policy.--It is the policy of the United 
     States--
       (A) to promote and invest in global health security and 
     pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response as a core 
     national and security interest;
       (B) to advance the aims of the Global Health Security 
     Agenda;
       (C) to collaborate with other countries to promote early 
     detection and mitigation of infectious disease threats before 
     such threats become pandemics; and
       (D) to encourage and support other countries to advance 
     pandemic prevention and preparedness by investing in 
     resilient and sustainable health systems for global health 
     security and pandemic prevention and preparedness.
       (2) Establishment.--The President shall establish a Global 
     Health Security Agenda Interagency Review Council (referred 
     to in this section as the ``Council'') to carry out the 
     activities described in paragraphs (4) and (7).
       (3) Meetings.--The Council shall meet not fewer than 4 
     times each year to advance its mission and fulfill its 
     responsibilities.
       (4) General responsibilities.--The Council shall--
       (A) provide policy-level recommendations to participating 
     agencies regarding Global Health Security Agenda goals, 
     objectives, and implementation, and other international 
     efforts to strengthen pandemic preparedness and response;
       (B) facilitate interagency, multi-sectoral engagement to 
     carry out GHSA implementation;
       (C) provide a forum for raising and working to resolve 
     interagency disagreements concerning the GHSA, and other 
     international efforts to strengthen pandemic preparedness and 
     response;
       (D) review the progress toward, and work to resolve 
     challenges in achieving, United States commitments under the 
     GHSA, including commitments to assist other countries in 
     achieving the GHSA targets; and
       (E) consider, among other issues--
       (i) the status of United States financial commitments to 
     the GHSA in the context of commitments by other donors, and 
     the contributions of partner countries to achieve the GHSA 
     targets;
       (ii) the progress toward the milestones outlined in--

       (I) GHSA national plans for countries in which the United 
     States Government has committed to assist in implementing the 
     GHSA; and
       (II) annual work plans outlining agency priorities for 
     implementing the GHSA; and

       (iii) the external evaluations of United States and partner 
     country capabilities to address infectious disease threats, 
     including the ability to achieve the targets outlined within 
     the World Health Organization's Joint External Evaluation 
     Tool, and gaps identified by such external evaluations.
       (5) Participation.--The Council--
       (A) shall be headed by the Assistant to the President for 
     National Security Affairs, in coordination with the heads of 
     relevant Federal agencies; and
       (B) should consist of representatives each of the relevant 
     Federal departments and agencies, as determined by the 
     President.
       (6) Responsibilities of federal departments and agencies.--
     The Assistant to the

[[Page S5741]]

     President for National Security Affairs and the Council may 
     not assume any responsibilities or authorities of the head of 
     any Federal department, agency, or office, including the 
     foreign affairs responsibilities and authorities of the 
     Secretary of State to oversee the implementation of programs 
     and policies that advance global health security within 
     foreign countries.
       (7) Specific roles and responsibilities.--
       (A) In general.--The heads of the agencies referred to in 
     paragraph (5) shall--
       (i) make the implementation of the GHSA and global pandemic 
     preparedness a high priority within their respective 
     agencies;
       (ii) include activities related to the GHSA and global 
     pandemic preparedness within their respective agencies' 
     strategic planning and budget processes;
       (iii) designate a senior-level official to be responsible 
     for the implementation of this subsection;
       (iv) designate, in accordance with paragraph (5), an 
     appropriate representative at the Assistant Secretary level 
     or higher to participate on the Council;
       (v) keep the Council apprised of GHSA-related activities 
     undertaken within their respective agencies;
       (vi) maintain responsibility for agency-related 
     programmatic functions in coordination with other relevant 
     Federal agencies, governments in partner countries, country 
     teams, and GHSA in-country teams;
       (vii) coordinate with other Federal agencies that are 
     identified in this section--

       (I) to satisfy programmatic goals; and
       (II) to further facilitate coordination of country teams, 
     implementers, and donors in partner countries; and

       (viii) coordinate across national health security action 
     plans and with GHSA and other appropriate partners to which 
     the United States is providing assistance.
       (B) Additional roles and responsibilities.--In addition to 
     the roles and responsibilities described subparagraph (A), 
     the heads of relevant Federal departments and agencies should 
     carry out their respective roles and responsibilities 
     described in--
       (i) Executive Order 13747 (81 Fed. Reg. 78701; relating to 
     Advancing the Global Health Security Agenda to Achieve a 
     World Safe and Secure from Infectious Disease Threats); and
       (ii) National Security Directive on United States Global 
     Leadership to Strengthen the International COVID-19 Response 
     and to Advance Global Health Security and Biological 
     Preparedness, issued on January 21, 2021.
       (c) Organization of United States International Activities 
     to Advance Global Health Security and Diplomacy.--
       (1) Establishment.--There is established, within the 
     Department of State, the position of Special Representative 
     for United States International Activities to Advance Global 
     Health Security and Diplomacy Overseas (referred to in this 
     section as the ``Special Representative'').
       (2) Appointment; qualifications.--The Special 
     Representative--
       (A) shall be appointed by the President, by and with the 
     advice and consent of the Senate;
       (B) shall report to the Secretary of State; and
       (C) shall have--
       (i) demonstrated knowledge and experience in the fields of 
     development and public health, epidemiology, or medicine; and
       (ii) relevant diplomatic, policy, and political expertise.
       (3) Authorities.--The Special Representative may--
       (A) operate internationally to carry out the purposes of 
     this section;
       (B) ensure effective coordination, management, and 
     oversight of United States foreign policy, diplomatic 
     efforts, and foreign assistance funded with amounts 
     appropriated to carry out this subtitle to advance the 
     relevant elements of the United States Global Health Security 
     and Diplomacy Strategy developed pursuant to subsection (a) 
     by--
       (i) formulating, issuing, and updating related policy 
     guidance;
       (ii) establishing, in coordination with USAID and the 
     Department of Health and Human Services, unified auditing, 
     monitoring, and evaluation plans;
       (iii) avoiding duplication of effort and working to resolve 
     policy, program, and funding disputes among the relevant 
     Federal departments and agencies;
       (iv) leading diplomatic efforts to identify and address 
     current and emerging threats to global health security;
       (v) ensuring, in consultation with the Secretary of Health 
     and Human Services and the USAID Administrator, effective 
     representation of the United States in relevant international 
     forums, including the World Health Organization, the World 
     Health Assembly, and meetings of the Global Health Security 
     Agenda and of the Global Health Security Initiative;
       (vi) working to enhance coordination with, and transparency 
     among, the governments of partner countries and key 
     stakeholders, including the private sector;
       (vii) promoting greater donor and national investment in 
     partner countries to build health systems and supply chains 
     for global health security and pandemic prevention and 
     preparedness;
       (viii) securing bilateral and multilateral financing 
     commitments to advance the Global Health Security Agenda, in 
     coordination with relevant Federal departments and agencies, 
     including through funding for the financing mechanism 
     described in section 1285; and
       (ix) providing regular updates to the appropriate 
     congressional committees, the Committee on Health, Education, 
     Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, and the Committee on 
     Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives regarding 
     the fulfillment of the activities described in this 
     paragraph;
       (C) represent the United States in the multilateral, 
     catalytic financing mechanism described in section 1285;
       (D) utilize detailees, on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable 
     basis, from relevant Federal departments and agencies and 
     hire personal service contractors, who may operate 
     domestically and internationally, to ensure that the Office 
     of the Special Representative has access to the highest 
     quality experts available to the United States Government to 
     carry out the functions under this subtitle; and
       (E) perform such other functions as the Secretary of State 
     may assign.
       (d) Strengthening Health Systems for Global Health Security 
     and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness.--
       (1) Statement of policy.--It is the policy of the United 
     States to ensure that bilateral global health assistance 
     programs are effectively managed and coordinated, as 
     necessary and appropriate to achieve the purposes of this 
     subtitle, to contribute to the strengthening of health 
     systems for global health security and pandemic prevention, 
     preparedness, and response in each country in which such 
     programs are carried out.
       (2) Coordination.--The USAID Administrator shall work with 
     the Global Malaria Coordinator, the United States Global AIDS 
     Coordinator, the Special Representative for Global Health 
     Diplomacy at the Department of State, and, as appropriate, 
     the Secretary of Health and Human Services, to identify areas 
     of collaboration and coordination in countries with global 
     health programs and activities undertaken by USAID pursuant 
     to the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, 
     Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (Public Law 108-25) and 
     other relevant statutes to ensure that such activities 
     contribute to the strengthening of health systems for global 
     health security and pandemic prevention and preparedness.
       (e) International Pandemic Early Warning Network.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary of State and the Secretary 
     of Health and Human Services, in coordination with the USAID 
     Administrator, the Director of the Centers for Disease 
     Control and Prevention, and the heads of the other relevant 
     Federal departments and agencies, should work with the World 
     Health Organization and other key stakeholders to establish 
     or strengthen effective early warning systems, at the partner 
     country, regional, and international levels, that utilize 
     innovative information and analytical tools and robust review 
     processes to track, document, analyze, and forecast 
     infectious disease threats with epidemic and pandemic 
     potential.
       (2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for the 
     following 4 years, the Secretary of State, in coordination 
     with the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the heads 
     of the other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall 
     submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees, 
     the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of 
     the Senate, and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
     House of Representatives that describes United States 
     Government efforts and opportunities to establish or 
     strengthen effective early warning systems to detect 
     infectious disease threats internationally.
       (f) International Emergency Operations.--
       (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that it 
     is essential to enhance the capacity of key stakeholders to 
     effectively operationalize early warning and execute multi-
     sectoral emergency operations during an infectious disease 
     outbreak, particularly in countries and areas that 
     deliberately withhold critical global health data and delay 
     access during an infectious disease outbreak in advance of 
     the next infectious disease outbreak with pandemic potential.
       (2) Public health emergencies of international concern.--
     The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of 
     Health and Human Services, should work with the World Health 
     Organization and like-minded member states to adopt an 
     approach toward assessing infectious disease threats under 
     the International Health Regulations (2005) for the World 
     Health Organization to identify and transparently 
     communicate, on an ongoing basis, varying levels of risk 
     leading up to a declaration by the Director General of the 
     World Health Organization of a Public Health Emergency of 
     International Concern for the duration and in the aftermath 
     of such declaration.
       (3) Emergency operations.--The Secretary of State and the 
     Secretary of Health and Human Services, in coordination with 
     the USAID Administrator, the Director of the Centers for 
     Disease Control and Prevention, and the heads of other 
     relevant Federal departments and agencies, and consistent 
     with the requirements under the International Health 
     Regulations (2005) and the objectives of the World Health 
     Organization's Health Emergencies Programme, the Global 
     Health Security Agenda, and national actions plans for health 
     security, shall work, in cooperation with the World Health 
     Organization,

[[Page S5742]]

     with partner countries and other key stakeholders to support 
     the establishment, strengthening, and rapid response capacity 
     of global health emergency operations centers, at the partner 
     country and international levels, including efforts--
       (A) to collect and share public health data, assess risk, 
     and operationalize early warning;
       (B) to secure, including through utilization of stand-by 
     arrangements and emergency funding mechanisms, the staff, 
     systems, and resources necessary to execute cross-sectoral 
     emergency operations during the 48-hour period immediately 
     following an infectious disease outbreak with pandemic 
     potential; and
       (C) to organize and conduct emergency simulations.

     SEC. 1285. INTERNATIONAL FINANCING MECHANISM FOR GLOBAL 
                   HEALTH SECURITY AND PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND 
                   PREPAREDNESS.

       (a) Defined Term.--In this section, the term ``eligible 
     partner country'' means a country in which the Fund for 
     Global Health Security and Pandemic Prevention and 
     Preparedness established pursuant to subsection (b) may 
     finance global health security and pandemic prevention and 
     preparedness assistance programs under this subtitle based 
     on--
       (1) the country's demonstrated need, as identified through 
     the IHR (2005) Monitoring and Evaluation Framework, the 
     Global Health Security Index classification of health 
     systems, national action plans for health security, the World 
     Organization for Animal Health's Performance of Veterinary 
     Services evaluation, and other complementary or successor 
     indicators of global health security and pandemic prevention 
     and preparedness; and
       (2) the country's commitment to transparency, including--
       (A) budget and global health data transparency;
       (B) its compliance with the International Health 
     Regulations (2005);
       (C) investments in domestic health systems; and
       (D) the achievement of measurable results.
       (b) Establishment of Fund for Global Health Security and 
     Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness.--
       (1) Negotiations.--The Secretary of State, in coordination 
     with the USAID Administrator, the Secretary of Health and 
     Human Services, and the heads of other relevant Federal 
     departments and agencies, as necessary and appropriate, 
     should seek to enter into negotiations with donors, relevant 
     United Nations agencies, including the World Health 
     Organization, and other key multilateral stakeholders, to 
     establish--
       (A) a multilateral, catalytic financing mechanism for 
     global health security and pandemic prevention and 
     preparedness, which may be formed as financial intermediary 
     fund of the World Bank and be known as the Fund for Global 
     Health Security and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness 
     (referred to in this section as ``the Fund''), in accordance 
     with the provisions of this subsection; and
       (B) a Technical Advisory Panel to the Fund, in accordance 
     with subsection (e).
       (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the Fund should be--
       (A) to close critical gaps in global health security and 
     pandemic prevention and preparedness; and
       (B) to work with, and build the capacity of, eligible 
     partner countries in the areas of global health security, 
     infectious disease control, and pandemic prevention and 
     preparedness in order to--
       (i) prioritize capacity building and financing availability 
     in eligible partner countries;
       (ii) incentivize countries to prioritize the use of 
     domestic resources for global health security and pandemic 
     prevention and preparedness;
       (iii) leverage governmental, nongovernmental, and private 
     sector investments;
       (iv) regularly respond to and evaluate progress based on 
     clear metrics and benchmarks, such as those developed through 
     the IHR (2005) Monitoring and Evaluation Framework and the 
     Global Health Security Index;
       (v) align with and complement ongoing bilateral and 
     multilateral efforts and financing, including through the 
     World Bank, the World Health Organization, the Global Fund to 
     Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, the Coalition for 
     Epidemic Preparedness and Innovation, and Gavi, the Vaccine 
     Alliance; and
       (vi) help countries accelerate and achieve compliance with 
     the International Health Regulations (2005) and fulfill the 
     Global Health Security Agenda 2024 Framework not later than 8 
     years after the date on which the Fund is established, in 
     coordination with the ongoing Joint External Evaluation 
     national action planning process.
       (3) Executive board.--
       (A) In general.--The Fund should be governed by a 
     transparent and accountable body (referred to in this section 
     as the ``Executive Board''), which should--
       (i) function as a partnership with, and through full 
     engagement by, donor governments, eligible partner countries, 
     and independent civil society; and
       (ii) be composed of not more than 21 representatives of 
     governments, foundations, academic institutions, independent 
     civil society, indigenous people, vulnerable communities, 
     frontline health workers, and the private sector with 
     demonstrated commitment to carrying out the purposes of the 
     Fund and upholding transparency and accountability 
     requirements.
       (B) Duties.--The Executive Board should--
       (i) be charged with approving strategies, operations, and 
     grant making authorities such that it is able to conduct 
     effective fiduciary, monitoring, and evaluation efforts, and 
     other oversight functions;
       (ii) determine operational procedures to enable the Fund to 
     effectively fulfill its mission;
       (iii) provide oversight and accountability for the Fund in 
     collaboration with the Inspector General established pursuant 
     to subsection (d)(5)(A)(i);
       (iv) develop and utilize a mechanism to obtain formal input 
     from eligible partner countries, independent civil society, 
     and implementing entities relative to program design, review, 
     and implementation and associated lessons learned; and
       (v) coordinate and align with other multilateral financing 
     and technical assistance activities, and with the activities 
     of the United States and other nations leading pandemic 
     prevention, preparedness, and response activities in partner 
     countries, as appropriate.
       (C) Composition.--The Executive Board should include--
       (i) representatives of the governments of founding member 
     countries who, in addition to meeting the requirements under 
     subparagraph (A), qualify based upon--

       (I) meeting an established initial contribution threshold, 
     which should be not less than 10 percent of the country's 
     total initial contributions; and
       (II) demonstrating a commitment to supporting the 
     International Health Regulations (2005);

       (ii) a geographically diverse group of members from donor 
     countries, academic institutions, independent civil society, 
     including faith-based and indigenous organizations, and the 
     private sector who are selected on the basis of their 
     experience and commitment to innovation, best practices, and 
     the advancement of global health security objectives;
       (iii) representatives of the World Health Organization, to 
     serve in an observer status; and
       (iv) the chair of the Global Health Security Agenda 
     Steering Group, to serve in an observer status.
       (D) Contributions.--Each government or private sector 
     entity represented on the Executive Board should agree to 
     make annual contributions to the Fund in an amount that is 
     not less than the minimum amount determined by the Executive 
     Board.
       (E) Qualifications.--Individuals appointed to the Executive 
     Board should have demonstrated knowledge and experience 
     across a variety of sectors, including human and animal 
     health, agriculture, development, defense, finance, research, 
     and academia.
       (F) Conflicts of interest.--All Executive Board members 
     should be required to recuse themselves from matters 
     presenting conflicts of interest, including financing 
     decisions relating to such countries, bodies, and 
     institutions.
       (G) United states representation.--
       (i) Founding member.--The Secretary of State should seek--

       (I) to establish the United States as a founding member of 
     the Fund; and
       (II) to ensure the United States is represented on the 
     Executive Board by an officer or employee of the United 
     States who has been appointed by the President.

       (ii) Effective and termination dates.--

       (I) Effective date.--This subparagraph shall take effect on 
     the date on which the Secretary of State submits to Congress 
     a certified copy of the agreement establishing the Fund.
       (II) Termination date.--The membership established pursuant 
     to clause (i) shall terminate upon the date of termination of 
     the Fund.

       (H) Removal procedures.--The Fund should establish 
     procedures for the removal of members of the Executive Board 
     who--
       (i) engage in a consistent pattern of human rights abuses;
       (ii) fail to uphold global health data transparency 
     requirements; or
       (iii) otherwise violate the established standards of the 
     Fund, including in relation to corruption.
       (4) Enforceability.--Any agreement concluded under the 
     authorities provided under this subsection shall be legally 
     effective and binding upon the United States, in accordance 
     with the terms of the agreement--
       (A) upon the enactment of appropriate implementing 
     legislation that provides for the approval of the specific 
     agreement or agreements, including attachments, annexes, and 
     supporting documentation, as appropriate; or
       (B) if concluded and submitted as a treaty, upon the 
     approval by the Senate of the resolution of ratification of 
     such treaty.
       (c) Authorities.--
       (1) Program objectives.--
       (A) In general.--In carrying out the purpose described in 
     subsection (b), the Fund, acting through the Executive Board, 
     should--
       (i) develop grant making requirements to be administered by 
     an independent technical review panel comprised of entities 
     barred from applying for funding or support;
       (ii) provide grants, including challenge grants, technical 
     assistance, concessional lending, catalytic investment funds, 
     and

[[Page S5743]]

     other innovative funding mechanisms, in coordination with 
     ongoing bilateral and multilateral United States assistance 
     efforts, as appropriate--

       (I) to help eligible partner countries close critical gaps 
     in health security, as identified through the IHR (2005) 
     Monitoring and Evaluation Framework, the Global Health 
     Security Index classification of health systems, and national 
     action plans for health security and other complementary or 
     successor indicators of global health security and pandemic 
     prevention and preparedness; and
       (II) to support measures that enable such countries, at 
     both the national and subnational levels, and in partnership 
     with civil society and the private sector, to strengthen and 
     sustain resilient health systems and supply chains for global 
     health security and pandemic prevention and preparedness with 
     the resources, capacity, and personnel required to prevent, 
     detect, and respond to infectious disease threats before they 
     become pandemics;

       (iii) leverage the expertise, capabilities, and resources 
     of proven, existing agencies and organizations to effectively 
     target and manage resources for impact, including through 
     alignment with, and co-financing of, complementary programs, 
     as appropriate, in accordance with subparagraph (C); and
       (iv) develop recommendations for a mechanism for assisting 
     countries that are at high risk for the emergence or 
     reemergence of pathogens with pandemic potential to 
     participate in the Global Health Security Agenda and the 
     Joint External Evaluations.
       (B) Activities supported.--The activities to be supported 
     by the Fund should include efforts--
       (i) to enable eligible partner countries to formulate and 
     implement national health security and pandemic prevention 
     and preparedness action plans, advance action packages under 
     the Global Health Security Agenda, and adopt and uphold 
     commitments under the International Health Regulations (2005) 
     and complementary or successor indicators of global health 
     security and pandemic prevention and preparedness, as 
     appropriate;
       (ii) to support global health security budget planning in 
     eligible partner countries, including training in public 
     financial management, integrated and transparent budget and 
     global health data and human resource information systems;
       (iii) to strengthen the health security workforce, 
     including hiring, training, and deploying experts and other 
     essential staff, including community health workers, to 
     improve frontline prevention of, and monitoring and 
     preparedness for, unknown, new, emerging, or reemerging 
     pathogens of pandemic potential, including capacity to surge 
     and manage additional staff during emergencies;
       (iv) to improve the quality of community health worker 
     programs as the foundation of pandemic preparedness and 
     response through application of appropriate assessment tools;
       (v) to improve--

       (I) infection prevention and control;
       (II) the protection of healthcare workers, including 
     community health workers; and
       (III) access to water and sanitation within healthcare 
     settings;

       (vi) to combat the threat of antimicrobial resistance;
       (vii) to strengthen laboratory capacity and promote 
     biosafety and biosecurity through the provision of material 
     and technical assistance;
       (viii) to reduce the risk of--

       (I) bioterrorism;
       (II) the emergence, reemergence, or spread of zoonotic 
     disease (whether through loss of natural habitat, the 
     commercial trade in wildlife for human consumption, or other 
     means); and
       (III) accidental biological release;

       (ix) to build technical capacity to manage, as appropriate, 
     supply chains for global health security and pandemic 
     prevention and preparedness through effective forecasting, 
     procurement, warehousing, and delivery from central 
     warehouses to points of service in the public and private 
     sectors;
       (x) to enable bilateral, regional, and international 
     partnerships and cooperation, including through pandemic 
     early warning systems and emergency operations centers, to 
     identify and address transnational infectious disease threats 
     exacerbated by natural and man-made disasters, human 
     displacement, and zoonotic infection;
       (xi) to establish partnerships for the sharing of best 
     practices and enabling eligible countries to meet targets and 
     indicators under the IHR (2005) Monitoring and Evaluation 
     Framework, the Global Health Security Index classification of 
     health systems, and national action plans for health security 
     relating to the prevention, detection, and treatment of 
     neglected tropical diseases;
       (xii) to develop and utilize metrics to monitor and 
     evaluate programmatic performance and identify best 
     practices, including in accordance with the IHR (2005) 
     Monitoring and Evaluation Framework, including Joint External 
     Evaluation benchmarks, Global Health Security Agenda targets, 
     and Global Health Security Index indicators;
       (xiii) to develop and deploy mechanisms to enhance and 
     independently monitor the transparency and accountability of 
     global health security and pandemic prevention and 
     preparedness programs and data, in compliance with the 
     International Health Regulations (2005), including through 
     the sharing of trends, risks, and lessons learned;
       (xiv) to promote broad participation in health emergency 
     planning and advisory bodies, including by women and 
     frontline health workers;
       (xv) to develop and implement simulation exercises, to 
     produce and release after action reports, and to address 
     related gaps;
       (xvi) to support countries in conducting Joint External 
     Evaluations;
       (xvii) to improve disease surveillance capacity in partner 
     counties, including at the community level, to improve such 
     countries' capacity to detect and respond to known and 
     unknown pathogens and zoonotic infectious diseases; and
       (xviii) to support governments through coordinated and 
     prioritized assistance efforts to prevent the emergence, 
     reemergence, or spread of zoonotic diseases caused by 
     deforestation, commercial trade in wildlife for human 
     consumption, climate-related events, and unsafe interactions 
     between wildlife, livestock, and people.
       (C) Implementation of program objectives.--In carrying out 
     the objectives described in subparagraph (A), the Fund should 
     work to eliminate duplication and waste by upholding strict 
     transparency and accountability standards and coordinating 
     its programs and activities with key partners working to 
     advance global health security and pandemic prevention and 
     preparedness, including--
       (i) governments, independent civil society, 
     nongovernmental, faith-based, and indigenous organizations, 
     research and academic institutions, and private sector 
     entities in eligible partner countries;
       (ii) the pandemic early warning systems and emergency 
     operations centers to be established under subsections (e) 
     and (f) of section 284;
       (iii) the World Health Organization;
       (iv) the Global Health Security Agenda;
       (v) the Global Health Security Initiative;
       (vi) the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and 
     Malaria;
       (vii) the United Nations Office for the Coordination of 
     Humanitarian Affairs, UNICEF, and other relevant funds, 
     programs, and specialized agencies of the United Nations;
       (viii) Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance;
       (ix) the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations;
       (x) the World Organisation for Animal Health;
       (xi) the United Nations Environment Programme;
       (xii) the Food and Agriculture Organization;
       (xiii) the Global Polio Eradication Initiative; and
       (xiv) the Special Representative for United States 
     International Activities to Advance Global Health Security 
     and Diplomacy Overseas described in section 1284(c).
       (2) Priority.--In providing assistance under this 
     subsection, the Fund should give priority to low-and lower 
     middle income countries with--
       (A) low scores on the Global Health Security Index 
     classification of health systems;
       (B) measurable gaps in global health security and pandemic 
     prevention and preparedness identified under the IHR (2005) 
     Monitoring and Evaluation Framework and national action plans 
     for health security;
       (C) demonstrated political and financial commitment to 
     pandemic prevention and preparedness; and
       (D) demonstrated commitment to--
       (i) upholding global health budget and data transparency 
     and accountability standards;
       (ii) complying with the International Health Regulations 
     (2005);
       (iii) investing in domestic health systems; and
       (iv) achieving measurable results.
       (3) Eligible grant recipients.--Governments and 
     nongovernmental, faith-based and indigenous organizations 
     should be eligible to receive grants described in this 
     subsection.
       (d) Administration.--
       (1) Appointments.--The Executive Board of the Fund should 
     appoint--
       (A) an Administrator, who should be responsible for 
     managing the day-to-day operations of the Fund; and
       (B) an independent Inspector General, who should be 
     responsible for monitoring grants implementation and 
     proactively safeguarding against conflicts of interests.
       (2) Authority to accept and solicit contributions.--The 
     Fund should be authorized to solicit and accept contributions 
     from governments, the private sector, foundations, 
     individuals, and nongovernmental entities of all kinds.
       (3) Accountability; conflicts of interest; criteria for 
     programs.--As part of the negotiations described in 
     subsection (b)(1), the Secretary of the State, consistent 
     with paragraph (4), shall--
       (A) take such actions as may be necessary to ensure that 
     the Fund will have in effect adequate procedures and 
     standards to account for and monitor the use of funds 
     contributed to the Fund, including the cost of administering 
     the Fund;
       (B) seek to ensure there is agreement to put in place a 
     conflict of interest policy to ensure fairness and a high 
     standard of ethical conduct in the Fund's decision-making 
     processes, including proactive procedures to screen staff for 
     conflicts of interest and measures to address any conflicts, 
     such as--
       (i) potential divestments of interests;
       (ii) prohibition from engaging in certain activities;
       (iii) recusal from certain decision-making and 
     administrative processes; and

[[Page S5744]]

       (iv) representation by an alternate board member; and
       (C) seek agreement on the criteria that should be used to 
     determine the programs and activities that should be assisted 
     by the Fund.
       (4) Selection of partner countries, projects, and 
     recipients.--The Executive Board should establish--
       (A) eligible partner country selection criteria, including 
     transparent metrics to measure and assess global health 
     security and pandemic prevention and preparedness strengths 
     and vulnerabilities in countries seeking assistance;
       (B) minimum standards for ensuring eligible partner country 
     ownership and commitment to long-term results, including 
     requirements for domestic budgeting, resource mobilization, 
     and co-investment;
       (C) criteria for the selection of projects to receive 
     support from the Fund;
       (D) standards and criteria regarding qualifications of 
     recipients of such support; and
       (E) such rules and procedures as may be necessary--
       (i) for cost-effective management of the Fund; and
       (ii) to ensure transparency and accountability in the 
     grant-making process.
       (5) Additional transparency and accountability 
     requirements.--
       (A) Inspector general.--
       (i) In general.--The Secretary of State shall seek to 
     ensure that the Fund maintains and independent Office of the 
     Inspector General, appointed pursuant to paragraph (1)(B), 
     who--

       (I) is fully enabled to operate independently and 
     transparently;
       (II) is supported by and with the requisite resources and 
     capacity to regularly conduct and publish, on a publicly 
     accessible website, rigorous financial, programmatic, and 
     reporting audits and investigations of the Fund and its 
     grantees, including subgrantees; and
       (III) establishes an investigative unit that--

       (aa) develops an oversight mechanism to ensure that grant 
     funds are not diverted to illicit or corrupt purposes or 
     activities; and
       (bb) submits an annual report to the Executive Board 
     describing its activities, investigations, and results.
       (ii) Sense of congress on corruption.--It is the sense of 
     Congress that--

       (I) corruption within global health programs contribute 
     directly to the loss of human life and cannot be tolerated; 
     and
       (II) in making financial recoveries relating to a corrupt 
     act or criminal conduct committed by a grant recipient, as 
     determined by the Inspector General, the responsible grant 
     recipient should be assessed at a recovery rate of up to 150 
     percent of such loss.

       (B) Administrative expenses; financial tracking systems.--
     The Secretary of State shall seek to ensure the Fund 
     establishes, maintains, and makes publicly available--
       (i) a system to track the administrative and management 
     costs of the Fund on a quarterly basis; and
       (ii) a system to track the amount of funds disbursed to 
     each grant recipient and subrecipient during each grant's 
     fiscal cycle.
       (C) Exemption from duties and taxes.--The Secretary should 
     ensure that the Fund adopts rules that condition grants upon 
     agreement by the relevant national authorities in an eligible 
     partner country to exempt from duties and taxes all products 
     financed by such grants, including procurements by any 
     principal or subrecipient for the purpose of carrying out 
     such grants.
       (e) Technical Advisory Panel.--
       (1) In general.--There should be an Technical Advisory 
     Panel to the Fund.
       (2) Appointments.--The members of the Technical Advisory 
     Panel should be composed of--
       (A) a geographically diverse group of individuals that 
     includes representation from low- and middle-income 
     countries;
       (B) individuals with experience and leadership in the 
     fields of development, global health, epidemiology, medicine, 
     biomedical research, and social sciences; and
       (C) representatives of relevant United Nations agencies, 
     including the World Health Organization, and nongovernmental, 
     faith-based, and indigenous organizations with on-the ground 
     experience in implementing global health programs in low and 
     lower-middle income countries.
       (3) Responsibilities.--The Technical Advisory Panel should 
     provide advice and guidance to the Executive Board of the 
     Fund on the development and implementation of programs and 
     projects to be assisted by the Fund and on leveraging 
     donations to the Fund.
       (4) Prohibition on payment of compensation.--
       (A) In general.--Except for travel expenses (including per 
     diem in lieu of subsistence), no member of the Technical 
     Advisory Panel should receive compensation for services 
     performed as a member of the Board.
       (B) United states representative.--Notwithstanding any 
     other provision of law (including an international 
     agreement), a representative of the United States on the 
     Technical Advisory Panel may not accept compensation for 
     services performed as a member of the Technical Advisory 
     Panel, except that such representative may accept travel 
     expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, while 
     away from the representative's home or regular place of 
     business in the performance of services for the Technical 
     Advisory Panel.
       (5) Conflicts of interest.--Members of the Technical 
     Advisory Panel should be required--
       (A) to disclose any potential conflicts of interest before 
     serving on the Technical Advisory Panel; and
       (B) to recuse themselves from any matters that present any 
     conflicts of interest during their service on the Technical 
     Advisory Panel.
       (f) Reports to Congress.--
       (1) Status report.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
     of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
     coordination with the USAID Administrator, and the heads of 
     other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall submit 
     a report to the appropriate congressional committees that 
     describes the progress of international negotiations to 
     establish the Fund.
       (2) Annual report.--
       (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date on 
     which the Fund is established, and annually thereafter for 
     the duration of the Fund, the Secretary of State shall submit 
     a report on the activities of the Fund to the appropriate 
     congressional committees.
       (B) Report elements.--The report required under 
     subparagraph (A) shall describe--
       (i) the goals of the Fund;
       (ii) the programs, projects, and activities supported by 
     the Fund;
       (iii) private and governmental contributions to the Fund; 
     and
       (iv) the criteria utilized to determine the programs and 
     activities that should be assisted by the Fund, including 
     baselines, targets, desired outcomes, measurable goals, and 
     extent to which those goals are being achieved.
       (3) GAO report on effectiveness.--Not later than 2 years 
     after the date on which the Fund is established, the 
     Comptroller General of the United States shall submit a 
     report to the appropriate congressional committees that 
     evaluates the effectiveness of the Fund, including--
       (A) the effectiveness of the programs, projects, and 
     activities supported by the Fund; and
       (B) an assessment of the merits of continued United States 
     participation in the Fund.
       (g) United States Contributions.--
       (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (4)(C), the President 
     may release Federal funding that has been appropriated by 
     Congress for United States contributions to the Fund.
       (2) Notification.--The Secretary of State shall notify the 
     appropriate congressional committees not later than 15 days 
     before making a contribution to the Fund of--
       (A) the amount of the proposed contribution;
       (B) the total of funds contributed by other donors; and
       (C) the national interests served by United States 
     participation in the Fund.
       (3) Limitation.--During the 5-year period beginning on the 
     date of the enactment of this Act, the cumulative total of 
     United States contributions to the Fund may not exceed 33 
     percent of the total contributions to the Fund from all 
     sources.
       (4) Withholdings.--
       (A) Support for acts of international terrorism.--If the 
     Secretary of State determines that the Fund has provided 
     assistance to a country, the government of which the 
     Secretary of State has determined, for purposes of section 
     620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371) 
     has repeatedly provided support for acts of international 
     terrorism, the United States shall withhold from its 
     contribution to the Fund for the next fiscal year an amount 
     equal to the amount expended by the Fund to the government of 
     such country.
       (B) Excessive salaries.--If the Secretary of State 
     determines that the salary during any of the first 5 fiscal 
     years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act 
     of any individual employed by the Fund exceeds the salary of 
     the Vice President of the United States for such fiscal year, 
     the United States should withhold from its contribution for 
     the following fiscal year an amount equal to the aggregate 
     difference between the 2 salaries.
       (C) Accountability certification requirement.--The 
     Secretary of State may withhold not more than 20 percent of 
     planned United States contributions to the Fund until the 
     Secretary certifies to the appropriate congressional 
     committees that the Fund has established procedures to 
     provide access by the Office of Inspector General of the 
     Department of State, as cognizant Inspector General, the 
     Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human 
     Services, the USAID Inspector General, and the Comptroller 
     General of the United States to the Fund's financial data and 
     other information relevant to United States contributions to 
     the Fund (as determined by the Inspector General of the 
     Department of State, in consultation with the Secretary of 
     State).

     SEC. 1286. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

       (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--
       (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary, for the 5-year period beginning on October 1, 
     2022, $5,000,000,000, which--
       (A) shall be used to carry out sections 1284 and 1285, in 
     consultation with the appropriate congressional committees 
     and subject to the requirements under chapters 1 and 10 of 
     part I and section 634A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
     (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.); and

[[Page S5745]]

       (B) may include support for--
       (i) enhancing pandemic prevention, preparedness, and 
     response in partner countries through implementation of the 
     Global Health Security and Diplomacy Strategy developed 
     pursuant to section 1284; and
       (ii) United States contributions to a multilateral, 
     catalytic financing mechanism for global health security and 
     pandemic prevention and preparedness described in section 
     1285.
       (2) Exception.--Section 110 of the Trafficking Victims 
     Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7107) shall not apply to 
     assistance made available pursuant to this subsection.
       (b) Compliance With the Foreign Aid Transparency and 
     Accountability Act of 2016.--Section 2(3) of the Foreign Aid 
     Transparency and Accountability Act of 2016 (Public Law 114-
     191; 22 U.S.C. 2394c note) is amended--
       (1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (2) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; and''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(F) the International Pandemic Preparedness and COVID-19 
     Response Act of 2022.''.

     SEC. 1287. SUNSET.

       This subtitle, and the amendments to this subtitle, shall 
     cease to be effective on September 30, 2027.
                                 ______