[Congressional Record Volume 168, Number 124 (Tuesday, July 26, 2022)]
[House]
[Page H7077]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
UNDERFUNDING STATE AND LOCAL PUBLIC EMPLOYEE PENSIONS
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair recognizes the gentlewoman from
North Carolina (Ms. Foxx) for 5 minutes.
Ms. FOXX. Madam Speaker, at the State and local levels, public
employees are often promised defined benefit pension plans that are
subsidized through the tax code and exempt from ERISA's funding,
notice, and disclosure requirements.
Too often, State and local governments have not kept their end of the
bargain and are failing to fund employee pensions adequately. The
numbers suggest public employee pensions are dangerously underfunded.
Economists estimate that State pension plans are collectively
underfunded by as much as $5.8 trillion.
According to the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College,
public pension funds have on hand an average of just 75 cents for every
dollar expected to go to retirees in future benefits.
Simply put, there is not enough money set aside to meet retirement
obligations. This raises serious questions about the promises that
public employers make and the practices they use to address
underfunding.
I am especially concerned with recent news reports that some States
and localities, rather than making responsible decisions to manage
their plans, are adopting a risky practice: betting on the stock market
with borrowed money.
According to The Wall Street Journal, in 2021, more than 100 State,
city, and county governments borrowed money for their pension funds and
invested in stocks and other investments.
Nearly $13 billion in pension obligation bonds were sold last year,
which is more than in the prior 5 years combined. Here is the problem
with issuing pension obligation bonds: They can backfire.
Investing with borrowed money can increase returns when markets are
rising, but it makes losses more severe in down markets. This is
especially concerning given the recent struggles in the stock and bond
markets. According to recent reports, public pension funds have lost
10.4 percent, on average, in 2022.
When investments using borrowed money don't perform as hoped and
returns fall below the bond interest rate, the city, State, or county
winds up paying even more than if it hadn't borrowed in the first
place.
In light of recent multibillion-dollar taxpayer bailouts of private-
sector pension plans, there is no question about where State and local
governments will turn when investments fall short and trillions in
pension plans come due.
Madam Speaker, I urge public employers to make decisions to fund
their pension plans responsibly. Plans should not be gambling with the
retirement savings of the hardworking men and women who depend on these
pensions.
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