[Congressional Record Volume 168, Number 119 (Tuesday, July 19, 2022)]
[Senate]
[Pages S3387-S3496]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 5135. Mr. SCHUMER proposed an amendment to the bill H.R. 4346, 
making appropriations for Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending 
September 30, 2022, and for other purposes; as follows:

       In lieu of the matter proposed to be inserted by the 
     amendment of the House to the amendment of the Senate, insert 
     the following:

     SECTION 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

       The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Table of contents.
Sec. 2. References.

                     DIVISION A--CHIPS ACT OF 2022

Sec. 101. Short title.
Sec. 102. Creating helpful incentives to produce semiconductors (CHIPS) 
              for America fund.
Sec. 103. Semiconductor incentives.
Sec. 104. Opportunity and inclusion.
Sec. 105. Additional GAO reporting requirements.
Sec. 106. Appropriations for wireless supply chain innovation.
Sec. 107. Advanced manufacturing investment credit.

                  DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Sec. 10000. Table of contents.
Sec. 10001. Short title.
Sec. 10002. Definitions.
Sec. 10003. Budgetary effects.

[[Page S3388]]

          TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10101. Mission of the Office of Science.
Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program.
Sec. 10103. Biological and environmental research.
Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program.
Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research.
Sec. 10106. High energy physics program.
Sec. 10107. Nuclear physics program.
Sec. 10108. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
Sec. 10109. Accelerator research and development.
Sec. 10110. Isotope research, development, and production.
Sec. 10111. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
Sec. 10112. High intensity laser research initiative; helium 
              conservation program; Office of Science emerging 
              biological threat preparedness research initiative; 
              midscale instrumentation and research equipment program; 
              authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 10113. Established program to stimulate competitive research.
Sec. 10114. Research security.

TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10201. Definitions.

              Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

Sec. 10211. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle B--Measurement Research

Sec. 10221. Engineering biology and biometrology.
Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research.
Sec. 10223. NIST authority for cybersecurity and privacy activities.
Sec. 10224. Software security and authentication.
Sec. 10225. Digital identity management research.
Sec. 10226. Biometrics research and testing.
Sec. 10227. Federal biometric performance standards.
Sec. 10228. Protecting research from cybersecurity theft.
Sec. 10229. Dissemination of resources for research institutions.
Sec. 10230. Advanced communications research.
Sec. 10231. Neutron scattering.
Sec. 10232. Artificial intelligence.
Sec. 10233. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10234. Premise plumbing research.
Sec. 10235. Dr. David Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program.

                     Subtitle C--General Activities

Sec. 10241. Educational outreach and support for underrepresented 
              communities.
Sec. 10242. Other transactions authority.
Sec. 10243. Report to Congress on collaborations with government 
              agencies.
Sec. 10244. Hiring critical technical experts.
Sec. 10245. International standards development.
Sec. 10246. Standard technical update.
Sec. 10247. GAO study of NIST research security policies and protocols.
Sec. 10248. Standards development organization grants.

        Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

Sec. 10251. Establishment of expansion awards pilot program as a part 
              of the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
Sec. 10252. Update to Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
Sec. 10253. National Supply Chain Database.
Sec. 10254. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership activities.
Sec. 10255. Amendment to the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
              Partnership relating to institutions of higher education.

                 Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

Sec. 10261. Supporting geographic diversity.
Sec. 10262. Expanding opportunities through the Manufacturing USA 
              Program.
Sec. 10263. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed 
              under Manufacturing USA Program.

         TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                    Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

Sec. 10301. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10302. Definitions.
Sec. 10303. Authorization of appropriations.

                       Subtitle B--STEM Education

Sec. 10311. PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10312. Undergraduate STEM education.
Sec. 10313. Graduate STEM education.
Sec. 10314. STEM workforce data.
Sec. 10315. Cyber workforce development research and development.
Sec. 10316. Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program.
Sec. 10317. Cybersecurity workforce data initiative.
Sec. 10318. Microelectronics workforce development activities.
Sec. 10319. Incorporation of art and design into certain STEM 
              education.
Sec. 10320. Mandatory cost-sharing.
Sec. 10321. Programs to address the STEM workforce.

                  Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

Sec. 10321. Presidential awards for excellence in mathematics and 
              science.
Sec. 10322. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program update.
Sec. 10323. NSF Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Initiative.
Sec. 10324. Broadening participation on major facilities awards.
Sec. 10325. Expanding geographic and institutional diversity in 
              research.
Sec. 10326. Diversity in tech research.
Sec. 10327. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.
Sec. 10328. Research and dissemination to increase the participation of 
              women and underrepresented minorities in STEM fields.
Sec. 10329. Activities to expand STEM opportunities.
Sec. 10330. Intramural emerging research institutions pilot program.

                   Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

Sec. 10331. Office of Research Security and Policy.
Sec. 10332. Chief of Research Security.
Sec. 10333. Reporting to Congress.
Sec. 10334. Online resource.
Sec. 10335. Research awards.
Sec. 10336. Authorities.
Sec. 10337. Responsible conduct in research training.
Sec. 10338. Research security and integrity information sharing 
              analysis organization.
Sec. 10339. Plan with respect to controlled information and background 
              screening.
Sec. 10339A. Foundation funding to institutions hosting or supporting 
              Confucius Institutes.
Sec. 10339B. Foreign financial support.
Sec. 10339C. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

Sec. 10341. Broader impacts.
Sec. 10342. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10343. Research ethics.
Sec. 10344. Research reproducibility and replicability.
Sec. 10345. Climate change research.
Sec. 10346. Social, behavioral, and economic sciences.
Sec. 10347. Measuring impacts of Federally funded research and 
              development.
Sec. 10348. Food-energy-water research.
Sec. 10349. Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.
Sec. 10350. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10351. Risk and resilience research.
Sec. 10352. Unmanned aircraft systems technologies.
Sec. 10353. Accelerating unmanned maritime systems technologies.
Sec. 10354. Leveraging international expertise in research.
Sec. 10355. Biological research collections.
Sec. 10356. Clean water research and technology acceleration.
Sec. 10357. Technology and behavioral science research.
Sec. 10358. Manufacturing research amendment.
Sec. 10359. Critical minerals mining research and development.
Sec. 10360. Study of AI research capacity.
Sec. 10361. Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
Sec. 10362. Astronomy and satellite constellations.
Sec. 10363. Research on the impact of inflation.
Sec. 10364. Microgravity utilization policy.
Sec. 10365. Recognition of the Arecibo Observatory.

                  Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

Sec. 10371. Facility operation and maintenance.
Sec. 10372. Reviews.
Sec. 10373. Helium conservation.
Sec. 10374. Advanced computing.
Sec. 10375. National secure data service.

  Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

Sec. 10381. Establishment.
Sec. 10382. Purposes.
Sec. 10383. Activities.
Sec. 10384. Requirements.
Sec. 10385. Assistant Director.
Sec. 10386. Advisory committee.
Sec. 10387. Challenges and focus areas.
Sec. 10388. Regional Innovation Engines.
Sec. 10389. Translation accelerator.
Sec. 10390. Test beds.
Sec. 10391. Planning and capacity building awards.
Sec. 10392. Entrepreneurial fellowships.
Sec. 10393. Scholarships and fellowships.
Sec. 10394. Research and development awards.
Sec. 10395. Scaling innovations in PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10396. Authorities.
Sec. 10397. Coordination of activities.
Sec. 10398. Ethical, legal, and societal considerations.
Sec. 10399. Reports and roadmaps.
Sec. 10399A. Evaluation.

                 Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

Sec. 10399D. Supporting veterans in STEM careers.
Sec. 10399E. Sunshine Act compliance.
Sec. 10399F. Science and engineering indicators report submission.

             TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Sec. 10401. Definitions.

[[Page S3389]]

Sec. 10402. National engineering biology research and development 
              initiative.
Sec. 10403. Initiative coordination.
Sec. 10404. Advisory committee on engineering biology research and 
              development.
Sec. 10405. External review of ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
              security, and societal issues.
Sec. 10406. Agency activities.
Sec. 10407. Rule of construction.

              TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                     Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

Sec. 10501. Federal research agency policies for caregivers.
Sec. 10502. Collection and reporting of data on federal research 
              awards.
Sec. 10503. Policies for review of Federal research awards.
Sec. 10504. Collection of data on demographics of faculty.
Sec. 10505. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the 
              academic and Federal STEM workforce.
Sec. 10506. Existing activities.
Sec. 10507. Report to Congress.
Sec. 10508. Merit review.
Sec. 10509. Determination of budgetary effects.
Sec. 10510. Definition.

               Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

Sec. 10511. Definition.
Sec. 10512. National Science Foundation rural STEM activities.
Sec. 10513. Opportunities for online education.
Sec. 10514. National Academies evaluation.
Sec. 10515. GAO review.
Sec. 10516. NIST engagement with rural communities.

                    Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

Sec. 10521. GAO review.
Sec. 10522. Agency responsibilities.
Sec. 10523. Research at the National Science Foundation.
Sec. 10524. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
Sec. 10525. Tribal Colleges and Universities program.
Sec. 10526. Definitions.

           Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

Sec. 10531. Findings.
Sec. 10532. Purpose.
Sec. 10533. Definition.
Sec. 10534. Research awards.
Sec. 10535. Responsible Conduct Guide.
Sec. 10536. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10537. National Academies assessment.
Sec. 10538. GAO study.
Sec. 10539. Authorization of appropriations.

       TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

            Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

Sec. 10601. Early-career research fellowship program.
Sec. 10602. Authorization of appropriations.

          Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

Sec. 10611. National science and technology strategy.
Sec. 10612. Strategy and report on the Nation's economic security, 
              science, research, and innovation to support the national 
              security strategy.
Sec. 10613. Quadrennial science and technology review.

                    Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

Sec. 10621. Regional innovation capacity.
Sec. 10622. Regional Clean Energy Innovation Program.

                     Subtitle D--Research Security

Sec. 10631. Requirements for foreign talent recruitment programs.
Sec. 10632. Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.
Sec. 10633. Review of contracts and agreements.
Sec. 10634. Research security training requirement for Federal research 
              award personnel.
Sec. 10635. Research funds accounting.
Sec. 10636. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
Sec. 10637. Nondiscrimination.
Sec. 10638. Definitions.

  Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

Sec. 10641. Short title.
Sec. 10642. Purposes.
Sec. 10643. Definitions.
Sec. 10644. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10645. Strategic research plan.
Sec. 10646. NOAA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10647. NSF ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10648. NASA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10649. Authorization of appropriations.

                 Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

Sec. 10651. Interagency working group.

           Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

Sec. 10661. Quantum networking and communications.

                   Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

Sec. 10671. Establishment of blockchain and cryptocurrency specialist 
              position within OSTP.

      Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

Sec. 10691. Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.

               Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

Sec. 10701. Definitions.

       PART 1--National Clean Energy Technology Transfer Programs

Sec. 10713. National clean energy incubator program.
Sec. 10714. Clean energy technology university prize competition.
Sec. 10715. Clean energy technology transfer coordination.

 PART 2--Supporting Technology Development at the National Laboratories

Sec. 10716. Lab partnering service pilot program.
Sec. 10717. Lab-embedded entrepreneurship program.
Sec. 10718. Small business voucher program.
Sec. 10719. Entrepreneurial leave program.
Sec. 10720. National Laboratory non-Federal employee outside employment 
              authority.

               PART 3--Department of Energy Modernization

Sec. 10722. Office of Technology Transitions.
Sec. 10723. Management of Department of Energy demonstration projects.
Sec. 10724. Streamlining prize competitions.
Sec. 10725. Cost-share waiver extension.
Sec. 10726. Special hiring authority for scientific, engineering, and 
              project management personnel.
Sec. 10727. Technology transfer reports and evaluation.

                         Subtitle K--Micro Act

Sec. 10731. Microelectronics research for energy innovation.

    Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure 
                              Reinvestment

Sec. 10741. Short title.
Sec. 10742. Purposes.
Sec. 10743. University infrastructure collaboration.
Sec. 10744. Advanced nuclear research infrastructure enhancement 
              subprogram.
Sec. 10745. Science education and human resources scholarships, 
              fellowships, and research and development projects.

    Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

Sec. 10751. Low-emissions steel manufacturing research program.

    Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and 
                             Modernization

Sec. 10761. Applied laboratories infrastructure restoration and 
              modernization.

      Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and 
                        Demonstration Activities

Sec. 10771. Department of Energy research, development, and 
              demonstration activities.

                   Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

Sec. 10781. Advanced nuclear technologies Federal research, 
              development, and demonstration program.

TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION 
                                  ACT

Sec. 10801. Short title.
Sec. 10802. Definitions.

                        Subtitle A--Exploration

Sec. 10811. Moon to Mars.
Sec. 10812. Space Launch System configurations.
Sec. 10813. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
Sec. 10814. Pearl River maintenance.
Sec. 10815. Extension and modification relating to International Space 
              Station.
Sec. 10816. Priorities for International Space Station.
Sec. 10817. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                          Subtitle B--Science

Sec. 10821. Science priorities.
Sec. 10822. Search for life.
Sec. 10823. Next generation of astrophysics great observatories.
Sec. 10824. Earth science missions and programs.
Sec. 10825. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

                        Subtitle C--Aeronautics

Sec. 10831. Experimental aircraft projects.
Sec. 10832. Unmanned aircraft systems.
Sec. 10833. Cleaner, quieter airplanes.

                      Subtitle D--Space Technology

Sec. 10841. Space nuclear capabilities.
Sec. 10842. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.

                      Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

Sec. 10851. Office of STEM Engagement.

                       Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

Sec. 10861. Program, workforce, and industrial base reviews.
Sec. 10862. Modification of lease of non-excess property.

   DIVISION C--SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS TO ADDRESS THREATS TO THE 
                   SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

     SEC. 2. REFERENCES.

       Except as expressly provided otherwise, any reference to 
     ``this Act'' contained in any division of this Act shall be 
     treated as referring only to the provisions of that division.

                     DIVISION A--CHIPS ACT OF 2022

     SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE.

       This division may be cited as the ``CHIPS Act of 2022''.

[[Page S3390]]

  


     SEC. 102. CREATING HELPFUL INCENTIVES TO PRODUCE 
                   SEMICONDUCTORS (CHIPS) FOR AMERICA FUND.

       (a) CHIPS for America Fund.--
       (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
     the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating 
     Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for 
     America Fund'' (referred to in this subsection as the 
     ``Fund'') for the Secretary of Commerce to carry out sections 
     9902, 9904, and 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
     National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 
     U.S.C. 4652, 4654, and 4656; Public Law 116-283). Amounts in 
     the Fund to carry out sections 9904 and 9906 of Public Law 
     116-283 shall be transferred to and merged with accounts 
     within the Department of Commerce to be used for such 
     purposes, except that amounts transferred to carry out 
     section 9904 of Public Law 116-283 shall remain available 
     until September 30, 2025.
       (2) Appropriation.--
       (A) In addition to amounts otherwise available for such 
     purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund established in 
     subsection (a)(1), out of amounts in the Treasury not 
     otherwise appropriated--
       (i) for fiscal year 2022, $24,000,000,000, to remain 
     available until expended, of which $19,000,000,000 shall be 
     for section 9902 of Public Law 116-283, $2,000,000,000 shall 
     be for subsection (c) of section 9906 of Public Law 116-283, 
     $2,500,000,000 shall be for subsection (d) of section 9906 of 
     Public Law 116-283, and $500,000,000 shall be for subsections 
     (e) and (f) of section 9906 of Public Law 116-283;
       (ii) for fiscal year 2023, $7,000,000,000 to remain 
     available until expended, of which $5,000,000,000 shall be 
     for section 9902 of Public Law 116-283 and $2,000,000,000 
     shall be for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 
     9906 of Public Law 116-283;
       (iii) for fiscal year 2024, $6,300,000,000, to remain 
     available until expended, of which $5,000,000,000 shall be 
     for section 9902 of Public Law 116-283 and $1,300,000,000 
     shall be for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 
     9906 of Public Law 116-283;
       (iv) for fiscal year 2025, $6,100,000,000, to remain 
     available until expended, of which $5,000,000,000 shall be 
     for section 9902 of Public Law 116-283 and $1,100,000,000 
     shall be for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 
     9906 of Public Law 116-283; and
       (v) for fiscal year 2026, $6,600,000,000, to remain 
     available until expended, of which $5,000,000,000 shall be 
     for section 9902 of Public Law 116- 283 and $1,600,000,000 
     shall be for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 
     9906 of Public Law 116-283.
       (B) Direct loans and loan guarantees.--The Secretary of 
     Commerce may use--
       (i) up to $6,000,000,000 of the amounts made available for 
     fiscal year 2022 for section 9902 of Public Law 116-283 for 
     the cost of direct loans and loan guarantees, as authorized 
     by section 9902 of Public Law 116-283, provided that--

       (I) such costs, including the cost of modifying such loans 
     and loan guarantees shall be as defined in section 502 of the 
     Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
       (II) these funds are available to subsidize gross 
     obligations for the principal amount of direct loans and 
     total loan principal, any part of which is to be guaranteed, 
     not to exceed $75,000,000,000;

       (ii) up to 2 percent of the amounts made available in each 
     fiscal year for salaries and expenses, administration, and 
     oversight purposes to carry out sections 9902 and 9906 of 
     Public Law 116-283, of which $5,000,000 in each of fiscal 
     years 2022 through 2026 shall be transferred to the Office of 
     Inspector General of the Department of Commerce to oversee 
     expenditures from the Fund; and
       (iii) up to $2,300,000 of the amounts made available in 
     fiscal year 2022 to carry out section 9904 of Public Law 116-
     283.
       (3) Assistance for mature technology nodes.--Of the amount 
     available in fiscal year 2022 to implement section 9902 of 
     the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652), 
     $2,000,000,000 shall be to provide Federal financial 
     assistance to covered entities to incentivize investment in 
     facilities and equipment in the United States for the 
     fabrication, assembly, testing, or packaging of 
     semiconductors at mature technology nodes under subsection 
     (e) of that section, as added by section 103 of this Act.
       (4) Allocation authority.--
       (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President shall 
     submit to Congress detailed account, program, and project 
     allocations of the full amount made available under 
     subsection (a)(2)--
       (i) for fiscal years 2022 and 2023, not later than 60 days 
     after the date of enactment of this Act; and
       (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through 2026, as part 
     of the annual budget submission of the President under 
     section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
       (B) Alternate allocation.--
       (i) In general.--The Committees on Appropriations of the 
     House of Representatives and the Senate may provide for 
     alternate allocation of amounts made available under 
     subsection (a)(2), including by account, program, and 
     project.
       (ii) Allocation by president.--

       (I) No alternate allocations.--If Congress has not enacted 
     legislation establishing alternate allocations, including by 
     account, program, and project, by the date on which the Act 
     making full-year appropriations for the Departments of 
     Commerce and Justice, Science, and Related Agencies for the 
     applicable fiscal year is enacted into law, only then shall 
     amounts made available under subsection (a)(2) be allocated 
     by the President or apportioned or allotted by account, 
     program, and project pursuant to title 31, United States 
     Code.
       (II) Insufficient alternate allocation.--If Congress enacts 
     legislation establishing alternate allocations, including by 
     account, program, and project, for amounts made available 
     under subsection (a)(2) that are less than the full amount 
     appropriated under that subsection, the difference between 
     the amount appropriated and the alternate allocation shall be 
     allocated by the President and apportioned and allotted by 
     account, program, and project pursuant to title 31, United 
     States Code.

       (b) CHIPS for America Defense Fund.--
       (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
     the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating 
     Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for 
     America Defense Fund'' (referred to in this subsection as the 
     ``Fund'') to provide for those requirements that are 
     necessary to carry out section 9903(b) of the William M. 
     (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
     Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4653(b)). Amounts in the Fund 
     shall be transferred to and merged with accounts within the 
     Department of Defense to be used for such purposes. Amounts 
     in the Fund or transferred to and merged with accounts within 
     the Department of Defense may not be used for construction of 
     facilities.
       (2) Appropriation.--In addition to amounts otherwise 
     available for such purposes, there is appropriated to the 
     Fund established in subsection (b)(1), out of amounts in the 
     Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
       (A) for fiscal year 2023, $400,000,000, to remain available 
     until September 30, 2023;
       (B) for fiscal year 2024, $400,000,000, to remain available 
     until September 30, 2024;
       (C) for fiscal year 2025, $400,000,000, to remain available 
     until September 30, 2025;
       (D) for fiscal year 2026, $400,000,000, to remain available 
     until September 30, 2026; and
       (E) for fiscal year 2027, $400,000,000, to remain available 
     until September 30, 2027.
       (3) Allocation authority.--
       (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President shall 
     submit to Congress detailed account, program element, and 
     project allocations of the full amount made available under 
     subsection (b)(2)--
       (i) for fiscal year 2023, not later than 60 days after the 
     date of enactment of this Act; and
       (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through 2027, as part 
     of the annual budget submission of the President under 
     section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
       (B) Alternate allocation.--
       (i) In general.--The Committees on Appropriations of the 
     House of Representatives and the Senate may provide for 
     alternate allocation of amounts made available under 
     subsection (b)(2), including by account, program element, and 
     project.
       (ii) Allocation by president.--

       (I) No alternate allocations.--If Congress has not enacted 
     legislation establishing alternate allocations, including by 
     account, program element, and project, by the date on which 
     the Act making full-year appropriations for the Department of 
     Defense for the applicable fiscal year is enacted into law, 
     only then shall amounts made available under subsection 
     (b)(2) be allocated by the President or apportioned or 
     allotted by account, program element, and project pursuant to 
     title 31, United States Code.
       (II) Insufficient alternate allocation.--If Congress enacts 
     legislation establishing alternate allocations, including by 
     account, program element, and project, for amounts made 
     available under subsection (b)(2) that are less than the full 
     amount appropriated under that subsection, the difference 
     between the amount appropriated and the alternate allocation 
     shall be allocated by the President and apportioned and 
     allotted by account, program element, and project pursuant to 
     title 31, United States Code.

       (c) CHIPS for America International Technology Security and 
     Innovation Fund.--
       (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
     the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating 
     Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for 
     America International Technology Security and Innovation 
     Fund'' (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') to 
     provide for international information and communications 
     technology security and semiconductor supply chain 
     activities, including to support the development and adoption 
     of secure and trusted telecommunications technologies, secure 
     semiconductors, secure semiconductors supply chains, and 
     other emerging technologies and to carry out sections 9905 
     and 9202(a)(2) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
     4655 and 47 U.S.C. 906(a)(2)), as appropriate. Amounts in the 
     Fund shall be transferred by the Secretary of State to 
     accounts within the Department of State, the United States 
     Agency for International Development, the Export-Import Bank, 
     and the United States International Development Finance 
     Corporation, as appropriate, to be used for such purposes and 
     under the terms and conditions of the account to which 
     transferred.
       (2) Appropriation.--
       (A) In addition to amounts otherwise available for such 
     purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund established in 
     subsection (c)(1),

[[Page S3391]]

     out of amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
       (i) for fiscal year 2023, $100,000,000, to remain available 
     until September 30, 2027;
       (ii) for fiscal year 2024, $100,000,000, to remain 
     available until September 30, 2028;
       (iii) for fiscal year 2025, $100,000,000, to remain 
     available until September 30, 2029;
       (iv) for fiscal year 2026, $100,000,000, to remain 
     available until September 30, 2030; and
       (v) for fiscal year 2027, $100,000,000, to remain available 
     until September 30, 2031.
       (B) Use.--In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary of 
     State may use up to $5,000,000 of the amounts made available 
     in each fiscal year for the Fund for salaries and expenses, 
     administration, and oversight purposes, of which $500,000 in 
     each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027 shall be transferred 
     to the Office of Inspector General of the Department of State 
     to oversee expenditures under the Fund.
       (3) Allocation authority.--
       (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President shall 
     submit to Congress detailed account, program, project, and 
     activity allocations of the full amount made available under 
     subsection (c)(2)--
       (i) for fiscal year 2023, not later than 90 days after the 
     date of enactment of this Act; and
       (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through 2027, as part 
     of the annual budget submission of the President under 
     section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
       (B) Alternate allocation.--
       (i) In general.--The Committees on Appropriations of the 
     House of Representatives and the Senate may provide for 
     alternate allocation of amounts made available under 
     subsection (c)(2), including by account, program, project, 
     and activity.
       (ii) Allocation by president.--

       (I) No alternate allocations.--If Congress has not enacted 
     legislation establishing alternate allocations, including by 
     account, program, project, and activity, by the date on which 
     the Act making full-year appropriations for the Department of 
     State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs for the 
     applicable fiscal year is enacted into law, only then shall 
     amounts made available under subsection (c)(2) be allocated 
     by the President or apportioned or allotted by account, 
     program, project, and activity pursuant to title 31, United 
     States Code.
       (II) Insufficient alternate allocation.--If Congress enacts 
     legislation establishing alternate allocations, including by 
     account, program, project, and activity, for amounts made 
     available under subsection (c)(2) that are less than the full 
     amount appropriated under that subsection, the difference 
     between the amount appropriated and the alternate allocation 
     shall be allocated by the President and apportioned and 
     allotted by account, program, project, and activity pursuant 
     to title 31, United States Code.

       (d) Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors 
     (CHIPS) for America Workforce and Education Fund.--
       (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
     the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating 
     Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for 
     America Workforce and Education Fund'' (referred to in this 
     subsection as the ``Fund'') for the National Science 
     Foundation for microelectronics workforce development 
     activities to meet the requirements under section 9906 of the 
     William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 
     Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656).
       (2) Appropriation.--In addition to amounts otherwise 
     available for such purposes, there is appropriated to the 
     Fund established in subsection (d)(1), out of amounts in the 
     Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
       (A) for fiscal year 2023, $25,000,000, to remain available 
     until expended;
       (B) for fiscal year 2024, $25,000,000, to remain available 
     until expended;
       (C) for fiscal year 2025, $50,000,000, to remain available 
     until expended;
       (D) for fiscal year 2026, $50,000,000, to remain available 
     until expended; and
       (E) for fiscal year 2027, $50,000,000, to remain available 
     until expended.
       (3) Allocation authority.--
       (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President shall 
     submit to Congress detailed account, program, and project 
     allocations of the full amount made available under paragraph 
     (2)--
       (i) for fiscal year 2023, not later than 60 days after the 
     date of enactment of this Act; and
       (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through 2027, as part 
     of the annual budget submission of the President under 
     section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
       (B) Alternate allocation.--
       (i) In general.--The Committees on Appropriations of the 
     House of Representatives and the Senate may provide for 
     alternate allocation of amounts made available under 
     paragraph (2), including by account, program, and project.
       (ii) Allocation by president.--

       (I) No alternate allocations.--If Congress has not enacted 
     legislation establishing alternate allocations, including by 
     account, program, and project, by the date on which the Act 
     making full-year appropriations for the Departments of 
     Commerce and Justice, Science, and Related Agencies for the 
     applicable fiscal year is enacted into law, only then shall 
     amounts made available under subsection (d)(2) be allocated 
     by the President or apportioned or allotted by account, 
     program, and project pursuant to title 31, United States 
     Code.
       (II) Insufficient alternate allocation.--If Congress enacts 
     legislation establishing alternate allocations, including by 
     account, program, and project, for amounts made available 
     under subsection (d)(2) that are less than the full amount 
     appropriated under that subsection, the difference between 
     the amount appropriated and the alternate allocation shall be 
     allocated by the President and apportioned and allotted by 
     account, program, and project pursuant to title 31, United 
     States Code.

       (e) Sequestration.--Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced 
     Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 
     905(g)(1)(A)) is amended by inserting after ``Continuing 
     Fund, Southwestern Power Administration (89-5649-0-2-271).'' 
     the following:
       ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors 
     (CHIPS) for America Fund.
       ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors 
     (CHIPS) for America Defense Fund.
       ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors 
     (CHIPS) for America International Technology Security and 
     Innovation Fund.
       ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors 
     (CHIPS) for America Workforce and Education Fund''.
       (f) Budgetary Effects.--
       (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of 
     this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard 
     maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-
     You-Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
       (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
     section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard 
     maintained for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 
     (115th Congress).
       (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding 
     Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the 
     joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference 
     accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) 
     of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 
     1985, the budgetary effects of this section shall not be 
     estimated--
       (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
       (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee on 
     Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the 
     Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
       (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of the 
     Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being included in an 
     appropriation Act.
       (g) Limitation on Using Amounts for Stock Buybacks or the 
     Payment of Dividends.--
       (1) In general.--A person receiving amounts appropriated 
     under this section or from a covered fund may not use such 
     amounts, as determined using the criteria for eligible uses 
     of amounts under sections 9902(a)(4) and 9905(a)(4) of the 
     William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 
     Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(a)(4), 15 U.S.C. 
     4655(a)(4)), the activities under section 9903(b) of such Act 
     (15 U.S.C. 4653(b)), and the functions under 9906(c)(2) of 
     such Act (15 U.S.C. 4656(c)(2)) --
       (A) to purchase an equity security that is listed on a 
     national securities exchange of such person or any parent 
     company of such person; or
       (B) to pay dividends or make other capital distributions 
     with respect to the common stock (or equivalent interest) of 
     the person.
       (2) Covered fund.--In this subsection, the term ``covered 
     fund'' means--
       (A) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
     Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund;
       (B) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
     Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense Fund;
       (C) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
     Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America International Technology 
     Security and Innovation Fund; and
       (D) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
     Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Workforce and Education 
     Fund.

     SEC. 103. SEMICONDUCTOR INCENTIVES.

       (a) Definitions.--Section 9901 of the William M. (Mac) 
     Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (2)--
       (A) by striking ``a private entity, a consortium of private 
     entities, or a consortium of public and private entities'' 
     and inserting ``a nonprofit entity, a private entity, a 
     consortium of private entities, or a consortium of nonprofit, 
     public, and private entities'';
       (B) by inserting ``production,'' before ``or research and 
     development''; and
       (C) by striking ``of semiconductors.'' and inserting ``of 
     semiconductors, materials used to manufacture semiconductors, 
     or semiconductor manufacturing equipment.'';
       (2) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), (7), (8), and (9) 
     as paragraphs (6), (8), (9), (12), and (13), respectively;
       (3) by inserting after paragraph (4), the following:
       ``(5) The term `critical manufacturing industry'--
       ``(A) means an industry, industry group, or a set of 
     related industries or related industry groups--
       ``(i) assigned a North American Industry Classification 
     System code beginning with 31, 32, or 33; and
       ``(ii) for which the applicable industry group or groups in 
     the North American Industry Classification System code 
     cumulatively--

[[Page S3392]]

       ``(I) manufacture primary products and parts, the sum of 
     which account for not less than 5 percent of the 
     manufacturing value added by industry gross domestic product 
     of the United States; and
       ``(II) employ individuals for primary products and parts 
     manufacturing activities that, combined, account for not less 
     than 5 percent of manufacturing employment in the United 
     States; and

       ``(B) may include any other manufacturing industry 
     designated by the Secretary based on the relevance of the 
     manufacturing industry to the national and economic security 
     of the United States, including the impacts of job losses.''; 
     and
       (4) by inserting after paragraph (6), as so redesignated, 
     the following:
       ``(7) The term `foreign country of concern' means--
       ``(A) a country that is a covered nation (as defined in 
     section 4872(d) of title 10 United States Code); and
       ``(B) any country that the Secretary, in consultation with 
     the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the 
     Director of National Intelligence, determines to be engaged 
     in conduct that is detrimental to the national security or 
     foreign policy of the United States.''; and
       (5) by inserting after paragraph (9), as so redesignated, 
     the following:
       ``(10) The term `mature technology node' has the meaning 
     given the term by the Secretary.
       ``(11) The term `nonprofit entity' means an entity 
     described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code 
     of 1986 and exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such 
     Code.''.
       (b) Semiconductor Program.--Section 9902 of the William M. 
     (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
     Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
       (A) by striking ``for semiconductor fabrication'' and 
     inserting ``for the fabrication'';
       (B) by inserting ``production,'' before ``or research and 
     development''; and
       (C) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``of 
     semiconductors, materials used to manufacture semiconductors, 
     or semiconductor manufacturing equipment.''; and
       (2) in subsection (a)(2)--
       (A) in subparagraph (B)(i), by striking ``; and'' at the 
     end;
       (B) in subparagraph (B)(ii)--
       (i) in subclause (III), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (ii) in subclause (IV), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting a semicolon; and
       (iii) by adding at the end the following:

       ``(V) determined--

       ``(aa) the type of semiconductor technology, equipment, 
     materials, or research and development the covered entity 
     will produce at the facility described in clause (i); and
       ``(bb) the customers, or categories of customers, to which 
     the covered entity plans to sell the semiconductor 
     technology, equipment, materials, or research and development 
     described in item (aa); and

       ``(VI) documented, to the extent practicable, workforce 
     needs and developed a strategy to meet such workforce needs 
     consistent with the commitments described in subclauses (II) 
     and (III);''; and

       (C) by inserting after subparagraph (B)(ii) the following--
       ``(iii) with respect to the project described in clause 
     (i), the covered entity has an executable plan to identify 
     and mitigate relevant semiconductor supply chain security 
     risks, such as risks associated with access, availability, 
     confidentiality, integrity, and a lack of geographic 
     diversification in the covered entity's supply chain; and
       ``(iv) with respect to any project for the production, 
     assembly, or packaging of semiconductors, the covered entity 
     has implemented policies and procedures to combat cloning, 
     counterfeiting, and relabeling of semiconductors, as 
     applicable.'';
       (D) in subparagraph (C)--
       (i) in clause (i)--

       (I) in subclause (II), by striking ``is in the interest of 
     the United States'' and inserting ``is in the economic and 
     national security interests of the United States''; and
       (II) in subclause (III), by striking ``and'' at the end;

       (ii) in clause (ii)(IV), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as clause (v); and
       (iv) by inserting after clause (ii) the following:
       ``(iii) the Secretary shall consider the type of 
     semiconductor technology produced by the covered entity and 
     whether that semiconductor technology advances the economic 
     and national security interests of the United States;
       ``(iv) the Secretary may not approve an application, unless 
     the covered entity provides a plan that does not use Federal 
     financial assistance to assist efforts to physically relocate 
     existing facility infrastructure to another jurisdiction 
     within the United States, unless the project is in the 
     interest of the United States; and'';
       (E) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as subparagraph (E); 
     and
       (F) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following:
       ``(D) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial assistance 
     to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary 
     shall--
       ``(i) give priority to ensuring that a covered entity 
     receiving financial assistance will--

       ``(I) manufacture semiconductors necessary to address gaps 
     and vulnerabilities in the domestic supply chain across a 
     diverse range of technology and process nodes; and
       ``(II) provide a secure supply of semiconductors necessary 
     for the national security, manufacturing, critical 
     infrastructure, and technology leadership of the United 
     States and other essential elements of the economy of the 
     United States; and

       ``(ii) ensure that the assistance is awarded to covered 
     entities for both advanced and mature technology nodes to 
     meet the priorities described in clause (i).'';
       (3) in subsection (a)(4)(A), by striking ``used for 
     semiconductors'' and inserting ``used for the purposes'';
       (4) in subsection (a)(5)--
       (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``major'';
       (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``major''; and
       (C) in subparagraph (E)(i), by striking ``major'';
       (5) by inserting after subsection (a)(5) the following:
       ``(6) Expansion clawback.--
       ``(A) Definition of legacy semiconductor.--
       ``(i) In general.--In this paragraph, the term `legacy 
     semiconductor'--

       ``(I) includes--

       ``(aa) a semiconductor technology that is of the 28 
     nanometer generation or older for logic;
       ``(bb) with respect to memory technology, analog 
     technology, packaging technology, and any other relevant 
     technology, any legacy generation of semiconductor technology 
     relative to the generation described in item (aa), as 
     determined by the Secretary, in consultation with the 
     Secretary of Defense and the Director of National 
     Intelligence; and
       ``(cc) any additional semiconductor technology identified 
     by the Secretary in a public notice issued under clause (ii); 
     and

       ``(II) does not include a semiconductor that is critical to 
     national security, as determined by the Secretary, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director 
     of National Intelligence.

       ``(ii) Updates.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
     enactment of the CHIPS Act of 2022, and not less frequently 
     than once every 2 years thereafter for the 8-year period 
     after the last award under this section is made, the 
     Secretary, after public notice and an opportunity for comment 
     and if applicable and necessary, shall issue a public notice 
     identifying any additional semiconductor technology included 
     in the meaning of the term `legacy semiconductor' under 
     clause (i).
       ``(iii) Functions of the secretary.--The functions of the 
     Secretary under this paragraph shall not be subject to 
     sections 551, 553 through 559, and 701 through 706 of title 
     5, United States Code.
       ``(iv) Consultation.--In carrying out clause (ii), the 
     Secretary shall consult with the Director of National 
     Intelligence and the Secretary of Defense.
       ``(v) Considerations.--In carrying out clause (ii), the 
     Secretary shall consider--

       ``(I) state-of-the-art semiconductor technologies in the 
     United States and internationally, including in foreign 
     countries of concern; and
       ``(II) consistency with export controls relating to 
     semiconductors.

       ``(B) Definition of semiconductor manufacturing.--In this 
     paragraph, the term `semiconductor manufacturing'--
       ``(i) has the meaning given the term by the Secretary, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director 
     of National Intelligence; and
       ``(ii) includes front-end semiconductor fabrication.
       ``(C) Required agreement.--
       ``(i) In general.--On or before the date on which the 
     Secretary awards Federal financial assistance to a covered 
     entity under this section, the covered entity shall enter 
     into an agreement with the Secretary specifying that, during 
     the 10-year period beginning on the date of the award, 
     subject to clause (ii), the covered entity may not engage in 
     any significant transaction, as defined in the agreement, 
     involving the material expansion of semiconductor 
     manufacturing capacity in the People's Republic of China or 
     any other foreign country of concern.
       ``(ii) Exceptions.--The prohibition in the agreement 
     required under clause (i) shall not apply to--

       ``(I) existing facilities or equipment of a covered entity 
     for manufacturing legacy semiconductors; or
       ``(II) significant transactions involving the material 
     expansion of semiconductor manufacturing capacity that--

       ``(aa) produces legacy semiconductors; and
       ``(bb) predominately serves the market of a foreign country 
     of concern.
       ``(iii) Affiliated group.--For the purpose of applying the 
     requirements in an agreement required under clause (i), a 
     covered entity shall include the covered entity receiving 
     financial assistance under this section, as well as any 
     member of the covered entity's affiliated group under section 
     1504(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, without regard 
     to section 1504(b)(3) of such Code.
       ``(D) Notification requirements.--During the applicable 
     term of the agreement of a covered entity required under 
     subparagraph (C)(i), the covered entity shall notify the 
     Secretary of any planned significant transactions of the 
     covered entity involving the material expansion of 
     semiconductor manufacturing capacity in the People's Republic

[[Page S3393]]

     of China or any other foreign country of concern.
       ``(E) Violation of agreement.--
       ``(i) Notification to covered entities.--Not later than 90 
     days after the date of receipt of a notification described in 
     subparagraph (D) from a covered entity, the Secretary, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director 
     of National Intelligence, shall--

       ``(I) determine whether the significant transaction 
     described in the notification would be a violation of the 
     agreement of the covered entity required under subparagraph 
     (C)(i); and
       ``(II) notify the covered entity of the Secretary's 
     decision under subclause (I).

       ``(ii) Opportunity to remedy.--Upon a notification under 
     clause (i)(II) that a planned significant transaction of a 
     covered entity is a violation of the agreement of the covered 
     entity required under subparagraph (C)(i), the Secretary 
     shall--

       ``(I) immediately request from the covered entity tangible 
     proof that the planned significant transaction has ceased or 
     been abandoned; and
       ``(II) provide the covered entity 45 days to produce and 
     provide to the Secretary the tangible proof described in 
     subclause (I).

       ``(iii) Failure by the covered entity to cease or remedy 
     the activity.--Subject to clause (iv), if a covered entity 
     fails to remedy a violation as set forth under clause (ii), 
     the Secretary shall recover the full amount of the Federal 
     financial assistance provided to the covered entity under 
     this section.
       ``(iv) Mitigation.--If the Secretary, in consultation with 
     the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National 
     Intelligence, determines that a covered entity planning a 
     significant transaction that would violate the agreement 
     required under subparagraph (C)(i) could take measures in 
     connection with the transaction to mitigate any risk to 
     national security, the Secretary--

       ``(I) may negotiate, enter into, and enforce any agreement 
     or condition for the mitigation; and,
       ``(II) waive the recovery requirement under clause (iii).

       ``(F) Submission of records.--
       ``(i) In general.--The Secretary may request from a covered 
     entity records and other necessary information to review the 
     compliance of the covered entity with the agreement required 
     under subparagraph (C)(i).
       ``(ii) Eligibility.--In order to be eligible for Federal 
     financial assistance under this section, a covered entity 
     shall agree to provide records and other necessary 
     information requested by the Secretary under clause (i).
       ``(G) Confidentiality of records.--
       ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), any information 
     derived from records or necessary information disclosed by a 
     covered entity to the Secretary under this section--

       ``(I) shall be exempt from disclosure under section 
     552(b)(3) of title 5, United States Code; and
       ``(II) shall not be made public.

       ``(ii) Exceptions.--Clause (i) shall not prevent the 
     disclosure of any of the following by the Secretary:

       ``(I) Information relevant to any administrative or 
     judicial action or proceeding.
       ``(II) Information that a covered entity has consented to 
     be disclosed to third parties.
       ``(III) Information necessary to fulfill the requirement of 
     the congressional notification under subparagraph (H).

       ``(H) Congressional notification.--Not later than 60 days 
     after the date on which the Secretary finds a violation by a 
     covered entity of an agreement required under subparagraph 
     (C)(i), and after providing the covered entity with an 
     opportunity to provide information in response to that 
     finding, the Secretary shall provide to the appropriate 
     Committees of Congress--
       ``(i) a notification of the violation;
       ``(ii) a brief description of how the Secretary determined 
     the covered entity to be in violation; and
       ``(iii) a summary of any actions or planned actions by the 
     Secretary in response to the violation.
       ``(I) Regulations.--The Secretary may issue regulations 
     implementing this paragraph.''; and
       (6) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, 
     in carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary should allocate 
     funds in a manner that--
       ``(1) strengthens the security and resilience of the 
     semiconductor supply chain, including by mitigating gaps and 
     vulnerabilities;
       ``(2) provides a supply of secure semiconductors relevant 
     for national security;
       ``(3) strengthens the leadership of the United States in 
     semiconductor technology;
       ``(4) grows the economy of the United States and supports 
     job creation in the United States;
       ``(5) bolsters the semiconductor and skilled technical 
     workforces in the United States;
       ``(6) promotes the inclusion of economically disadvantaged 
     individuals and small businesses; and
       ``(7) improves the resiliency of the semiconductor supply 
     chains of critical manufacturing industries.
       ``(e) Additional Assistance for Mature Technology Nodes.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
     program established under subsection (a) an additional 
     program that provides Federal financial assistance to covered 
     entities to incentivize investment in facilities and 
     equipment in the United States for the fabrication, assembly, 
     testing, or packaging of semiconductors at mature technology 
     nodes.
       ``(2) Eligibility and requirements.--In order for an entity 
     to qualify to receive Federal financial assistance under this 
     subsection, the covered entity shall agree to--
       ``(A) submit an application under subsection (a)(2)(A);
       ``(B) meet the eligibility requirements under subsection 
     (a)(2)(B);
       ``(C)(i) provide equipment or materials for the 
     fabrication, assembly, testing, or packaging of 
     semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the United 
     States; or
       ``(ii) fabricate, assemble using packaging, or test 
     semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the United 
     States;
       ``(D) commit to using any Federal financial assistance 
     received under this section to increase the production of 
     semiconductors at mature technology nodes; and
       ``(E) be subject to the considerations described in 
     subsection (a)(2)(C).
       ``(3) Procedures.--In granting Federal financial assistance 
     to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary may 
     use the procedures established under subsection (a).
       ``(4) Considerations.--In addition to the considerations 
     described in subsection (a)(2)(C), in granting Federal 
     financial assistance under this subsection, the Secretary may 
     consider whether a covered entity produces or supplies 
     equipment or materials used in the fabrication, assembly, 
     testing, or packaging of semiconductors at mature technology 
     nodes that are necessary to support a critical manufacturing 
     industry.
       ``(5) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial assistance 
     to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary 
     shall give priority to covered entities that support the 
     resiliency of semiconductor supply chains for critical 
     manufacturing industries in the United States.
       ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     this subsection $2,000,000,000, which shall remain available 
     until expended.
       ``(f) Construction Projects.--Section 602 of the Public 
     Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3212) 
     shall apply to a construction project that receives financial 
     assistance from the Secretary under this section.
       ``(g) Loans and Loan Guarantees.--
       ``(1) In general.--Subject to the requirements of 
     subsection (a) and this subsection, the Secretary may make or 
     guarantee loans to covered entities as financial assistance 
     under this section.
       ``(2) Conditions.--The Secretary may select eligible 
     projects to receive loans or loan guarantees under this 
     subsection if the Secretary determines that--
       ``(A) the covered entity--
       ``(i) has a reasonable prospect of repaying the principal 
     and interest on the loan; and
       ``(ii) has met such other criteria as may be established 
     and published by the Secretary; and
       ``(B) the amount of the loan (when combined with amounts 
     available to the loan recipient from other sources) will be 
     sufficient to carry out the project.
       ``(3) Reasonable prospect of repayment.--The Secretary 
     shall base a determination of whether there is a reasonable 
     prospect of repayment of the principal and interest on a loan 
     under paragraph (2)(A)(i) on a comprehensive evaluation of 
     whether the covered entity has a reasonable prospect of 
     repaying the principal and interest, including, as 
     applicable, an evaluation of--
       ``(A) the strength of the contractual terms of the project 
     the covered entity plans to perform (if commercially 
     reasonably available);
       ``(B) the forecast of noncontractual cash flows supported 
     by market projections from reputable sources, as determined 
     by the Secretary;
       ``(C) cash sweeps and other structure enhancements;
       ``(D) the projected financial strength of the covered 
     entity--
       ``(i) at the time of loan close; and
       ``(ii) throughout the loan term after the project is 
     completed;
       ``(E) the financial strength of the investors and strategic 
     partners of the covered entity, if applicable;
       ``(F) other financial metrics and analyses that the private 
     lending community and nationally recognized credit rating 
     agencies rely on, as determined appropriate by the Secretary; 
     and
       ``(G) such other criteria the Secretary may determine 
     relevant.
       ``(4) Rates, terms, and repayments of loans.--A loan 
     provided under this subsection--
       ``(A) shall have an interest rate that does not exceed a 
     level that the Secretary determines appropriate, taking into 
     account, as of the date on which the loan is made, the cost 
     of funds to the Department of the Treasury for obligations of 
     comparable maturity; and
       ``(B) shall have a term of not more than 25 years.
       ``(5) Additional terms.--A loan or guarantee provided under 
     this subsection may include any other terms and conditions 
     that the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
       ``(6) Responsible lender.--No loan may be guaranteed under 
     this subsection, unless the Secretary determines that--
       ``(A) the lender is responsible; and

[[Page S3394]]

       ``(B) adequate provision is made for servicing the loan on 
     reasonable terms and protecting the financial interest of the 
     United States.
       ``(7) Advanced budget authority.--New loans may not be 
     obligated and new loan guarantees may not be committed to 
     under this subsection, unless appropriations of budget 
     authority to cover the costs of such loans and loan 
     guarantees are made in advance in accordance with section 
     504(b) of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 (2 U.S.C. 
     661c(b)).
       ``(8) Continued oversight.--The loan agreement for a loan 
     guaranteed under this subsection shall provide that no 
     provision of the loan agreement may be amended of waived 
     without the consent of the Secretary.
       ``(h) Oversight.--Not later than 4 years after disbursement 
     of the first financial award under subsection (a), the 
     Inspector General of the Department of Commerce shall audit 
     the program under this section to assess--
       ``(1) whether the eligibility requirements for covered 
     entities receiving financial assistance under the program are 
     met;
       ``(2) whether eligible entities use the financial 
     assistance received under the program in accordance with the 
     requirements of this section;
       ``(3) whether the covered entities receiving financial 
     assistance under this program have carried out the 
     commitments made to worker and community investment under 
     subsection (a)(2)(B)(ii)(II) by the target date for 
     completion set by the Secretary under subsection (a)(5)(A);
       ``(4) whether the required agreement entered into by 
     covered entities and the Secretary under subsection 
     (a)(6)(C)(i), including the notification process, has been 
     carried out to provide covered entities sufficient guidance 
     about a violation of the required agreement;
       ``(5) whether the Secretary has provided timely 
     Congressional notification about violations of the required 
     agreement under subsection (a)(6)(C)(i), including the 
     required information on how the Secretary reached a 
     determination of whether a covered entity was in violation 
     under subsection (a)(6)(E); and
       ``(6) whether the Secretary has sufficiently reviewed any 
     covered entity engaging in a listed exception under 
     subsection (a)(6)(C)(ii).
       ``(i) Prohibition on Use of Funds.--No funds made available 
     under this section may be used to construct, modify, or 
     improve a facility outside of the United States.''.
       (c) Advanced Microelectronics Research and Development.--
     Section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
     4656) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)(3)(A)(ii)--
       (A) in subclause (II), by inserting ``, including for 
     technologies based on organic and inorganic materials'' after 
     ``components''; and
       (B) in subclause (V), by striking ``and supply chain 
     integrity'' and inserting ``supply chain integrity, and 
     workforce development'';
       (2) in subsection (c)--
       (A) in paragraph (1)--
       (i) by inserting ``and grow the domestic semiconductor 
     workforce'' after ``prototyping of advanced semiconductor 
     technology''; and
       (ii) by adding at the end the following: ``The Secretary 
     may make financial assistance awards, including construction 
     awards, in support of the national semiconductor technology 
     center.''; and
       (B) in paragraph (2)--
       (i) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``and capitalize'' 
     before ``an investment fund''; and
       (ii) by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(C) To work with the Secretary of Labor, the Director of 
     the National Science Foundation, the Secretary of Energy, the 
     private sector, institutions of higher education, and 
     workforce training entities to incentivize and expand 
     geographically diverse participation in graduate, 
     undergraduate, and community college programs relevant to 
     microelectronics, including through--
       ``(i) the development and dissemination of curricula and 
     research training experiences; and
       ``(ii) the development of workforce training programs and 
     apprenticeships in advanced microelectronic design, research, 
     fabrication, and packaging capabilities.'';
       (3) in subsection (d)--
       (A) by striking ``the Manufacturing USA institute'' and 
     inserting ``a Manufacturing USA institute''; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following: ``The Director may 
     make financial assistance awards, including construction 
     awards, in support of the National Advanced Packaging 
     Manufacturing Program.'';
       (4) in subsection (f)--
       (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
       (i) by striking ``a Manufacturing USA Institute'' and 
     inserting ``not more than 3 Manufacturing USA Institutes'';
       (ii) by striking ``is focused on semiconductor 
     manufacturing.'' and inserting ``are focused on semiconductor 
     manufacturing. The Secretary of Commerce may award financial 
     assistance to any Manufacturing USA Institute for work 
     relating to semiconductor manufacturing.''; and
       (iii) by striking ``Such institute may emphasize'' and 
     inserting ``Such institutes may emphasize''; and
       (5) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(h) Construction Projects.--Section 602 of the Public 
     Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3212) 
     shall apply to a construction project that receives financial 
     assistance under this section.''.
       (d) Additional Authorities.--Division H of title XCIX of 
     the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651 et 
     seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

     ``SEC. 9909. ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.

       ``(a) In General.--In carrying out the responsibilities of 
     the Department of Commerce under this division, the Secretary 
     may--
       ``(1) enter into agreements, including contracts, grants 
     and cooperative agreements, and other transactions as may be 
     necessary and on such terms as the Secretary considers 
     appropriate;
       ``(2) make advance payments under agreements and other 
     transactions authorized under paragraph (1) without regard to 
     section 3324 of title 31, United States Code;
       ``(3) require a person or other entity to make payments to 
     the Department of Commerce upon application and as a 
     condition for receiving support through an award of 
     assistance or other transaction;
       ``(4) procure temporary and intermittent services of 
     experts and consultants in accordance with section 3109 of 
     title 5, United States Code;
       ``(5) notwithstanding section 3104 of title 5, United 
     States Code, or the provisions of any other law relating to 
     the appointment, number, classification, or compensation of 
     employees, make appointments of scientific, engineering, and 
     professional personnel, and fix the basic pay of such 
     personnel at a rate to be determined by the Secretary at 
     rates not in excess of the highest total annual compensation 
     payable at the rate determined under section 104 of title 3, 
     United States Code, except that the Secretary shall appoint 
     not more than 25 personnel under this paragraph;
       ``(6) with the consent of another Federal agency, enter 
     into an agreement with that Federal agency to use, with or 
     without reimbursement, any service, equipment, personnel, or 
     facility of that Federal agency; and
       ``(7) establish such rules, regulations, and procedures as 
     the Secretary considers appropriate.
       ``(b) Requirement.--Any funds received from a payment made 
     by a person or entity pursuant to subsection (a)(3) shall be 
     credited to and merged with the account from which support to 
     the person or entity was made''.
       (e) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for 
     division H of title XCIX of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
     National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 
     (Public Law 116-283) is amended by adding after the item 
     relating to section 9908 the following:

``9909. Additional authorities.''.

     SEC. 104. OPPORTUNITY AND INCLUSION.

       (a) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
     of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall 
     establish activities in the Department of Commerce, within 
     the program established under section 9902 of the William M. 
     (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
     Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652), to carry out this section 
     using funds appropriated under this Act.
       (b) In General.--The Secretary of Commerce shall assign 
     personnel to lead and support the activities carried out 
     under this section, including coordination with other 
     workforce development activities of the Department of 
     Commerce or of Federal agencies, as defined in section 551 of 
     title 5, United States Code, as appropriate.
       (c) Activities.--Personnel assigned by the Secretary to 
     carry out the activities under this section shall--
       (1) assess the eligibility of a covered entity, as defined 
     in section 9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
     4651), for financial assistance for a project with respect to 
     the requirements under subclauses (II) and (III) of section 
     9902(a)(2)(B)(ii) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
     4652(a)(2)(B)(ii)(II) and (III));
       (2) ensure that each covered entity, as defined in section 
     9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651),that 
     is awarded financial assistance under section 9902 of that 
     Act (15 U.S.C. 4652) is carrying out the commitments of the 
     covered entity to economically disadvantaged individuals as 
     described in the application of the covered entity under that 
     section by the target dates for completion established by the 
     Secretary of Commerce under subsection(a)(5)(A) of that 
     section; and
       (3) increase participation of and outreach to economically 
     disadvantaged individuals, minority-owned businesses, 
     veteran-owned businesses, and women-owned businesses, as 
     defined by the Secretary of Commerce, respectively, in the 
     geographic area of a project under section 9902 of the 
     William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 
     Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652) and serve as a 
     resource for those individuals, businesses, and covered 
     entities.
       (d) Staff.--The activities under this section shall be 
     staffed at the appropriate levels to carry out the functions 
     and responsibilities under this section until 95 percent of

[[Page S3395]]

     the amounts of funds made available for the program 
     established under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) 
     Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652) have been expended.
       (e) Report.--Beginning on the date that is 1 year after the 
     date on which the Secretary of Commerce establishes the 
     activities described in subsection (c), the Secretary of 
     Commerce shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
     Congress, as defined in section 9901(1) of the William M. 
     (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
     Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651), and make publicly 
     available on the website of the Department of Commerce an 
     annual report regarding the actions taken by the Department 
     of Commerce under this section.

     SEC. 105. ADDITIONAL GAO REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

       (a) NDAA.--Section 9902(c) of William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
     National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 
     U.S.C. 4652(c)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1)--
       (A) in subparagraph (B)--
       (i) in clause (i), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a 
     semicolon; and
       (ii) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(iii) the Federal Government could take specific actions 
     to address shortages in the semiconductor supply chain, 
     including--

       ``(I) demand-side incentives, including incentives related 
     to the information and communications technology supply 
     chain; and
       ``(II) additional incentives, at national and global 
     scales, to accelerate utilization of leading-edge 
     semiconductor nodes to address shortages in mature 
     semiconductor nodes; and''; and

       (B) in subparagraph (C)--
       (i) in clause (iii), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a 
     semicolon; and
       (ii) by inserting after clause (iv) the following:
       ``(v) how projects are supporting the semiconductor needs 
     of critical infrastructure industries in the United States, 
     including those industries designated by the Cybersecurity 
     and Infrastructure Security Agency as essential 
     infrastructure industries; and''; and
       (2) by inserting after paragraph (1)(C)(iv) the following:
       ``(D) drawing on data made available by the Department of 
     Labor or other sources, to the extent practicable, an 
     analysis of--
       ``(i) semiconductor industry data regarding businesses that 
     are--

       ``(I) majority owned and controlled by minority 
     individuals;
       ``(II) majority owned and controlled by women; or
       ``(III) majority owned and controlled by both women and 
     minority individuals;

       ``(ii) the number and amount of contracts and subcontracts 
     awarded by each covered entity using funds made available 
     under subsection (a) disaggregated by recipients of each such 
     contract or subcontracts that are majority owned and 
     controlled by minority individuals and majority owned and 
     controlled by women; and
       ``(iii) aggregated workforce data, including data by race 
     or ethnicity, sex, and job categories.''.
       (b) Department of Defense.--Section 9202(a)(1)(G)(ii)(I) of 
     the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (47 U.S.C. 
     906(a)(1)(G)(ii)(I)) is amended by inserting ``(including 
     whether recipients are majority owned and controlled by 
     minority individuals and majority owned and controlled by 
     women)'' after ``to whom''.

     SEC. 106. APPROPRIATIONS FOR WIRELESS SUPPLY CHAIN 
                   INNOVATION.

       (a) Direct Appropriations.--In addition to amounts 
     otherwise available for such purposes, there is appropriated 
     to the Public Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund 
     established under section 9202(a)(1) of the William M. (Mac) 
     Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(a)(1)), out of amounts in the Treasury 
     not otherwise appropriated--
       (1) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2022, to remain available 
     until September 30, 2031; and
       (2) $1,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2023, to remain 
     available until September 30, 2032.
       (b) Use of Funds, Administration, and Oversight.--Of the 
     amounts made available under subsection (a)--
       (1) not more than 5 percent of the amounts allocated 
     pursuant to subsection (c) in a given fiscal year may be used 
     by the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and 
     Information to administer the programs funded from the Public 
     Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund; and
       (2) not less than $2,000,000 per fiscal year shall be 
     transferred to the Office of Inspector General of the 
     Department of Commerce for oversight related to activities 
     conducted using amounts provided under this section.
       (c) Allocation Authority.--
       (1) Submission of cost estimates.--The President shall 
     submit to Congress detailed account, program, and project 
     allocations of the amount recommended for allocation in a 
     fiscal year from amounts made available under subsection 
     (a)--
       (A) for fiscal years 2022 and 2023, not later than 60 days 
     after the date of enactment of this Act; and
       (B) for each subsequent fiscal year through 2032, as part 
     of the annual budget submission of the President under 
     section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
       (2) Alternate allocation.--
       (A) In general.--The Committees on Appropriations of the 
     House of Representatives and the Senate may provide for 
     alternate allocation of amounts recommended for allocation in 
     a given fiscal year from amounts made available under 
     subsection (a), including by account, program, and project.
       (B) Allocation by president.--
       (i) No alternate allocations.--If Congress has not enacted 
     legislation establishing alternate allocations, including by 
     account, program, and project, by the date on which the Act 
     making full-year appropriations for the Departments of 
     Commerce and Justice, Science, and Related Agencies for the 
     applicable fiscal year is enacted into law, only then shall 
     amounts recommended for allocation for that fiscal year from 
     amounts made available under subsection (a) be allocated by 
     the President or apportioned or allotted by account, program, 
     and project pursuant to title 31, United States Code.
       (ii) Insufficient alternate allocation.--If Congress enacts 
     legislation establishing alternate allocations, including by 
     account, program, and project, for amounts recommended for 
     allocation in a given fiscal year from amounts made available 
     under subsection (a) that are less than the full amount 
     recommended for allocation for that fiscal year, the 
     difference between the amount recommended for allocation and 
     the alternate allocation shall be allocated by the President 
     and apportioned and allotted by account, program, and project 
     pursuant to title 31, United States Code.
       (d) Sequestration.--Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced 
     Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 
     905(g)(1)(A)) is amended by inserting after ``Postal Service 
     Fund (18-4020-0-3-372).'' the following:
       ``Public Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund.''.
       (e) Budgetary Effects.--
       (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of 
     this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard 
     maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-
     You-Go Act of 2010.
       (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
     section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard 
     maintained for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 
     (115th Congress).
       (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding 
     Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the 
     joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference 
     accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) 
     of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 
     1985, the budgetary effects of this section shall not be 
     estimated--
       (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
       (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee on 
     Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the 
     Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
       (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of the 
     Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being included in an 
     appropriation Act.

     SEC. 107. ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INVESTMENT CREDIT.

       (a) In General.--Subpart E of part IV of subchapter A of 
     chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by 
     inserting after section 48C the following new section:

     ``SEC. 48D. ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INVESTMENT CREDIT.

       ``(a) Establishment of Credit.--For purposes of section 46, 
     the advanced manufacturing investment credit for any taxable 
     year is an amount equal to 25 percent of the qualified 
     investment for such taxable year with respect to any advanced 
     manufacturing facility of an eligible taxpayer.
       ``(b) Qualified Investment.--
       ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a), the 
     qualified investment with respect to any advanced 
     manufacturing facility for any taxable year is the basis of 
     any qualified property placed in service by the taxpayer 
     during such taxable year which is part of an advanced 
     manufacturing facility.
       ``(2) Qualified property.--
       ``(A) In general.--For purposes of this subsection, the 
     term `qualified property' means property--
       ``(i) which is tangible property,
       ``(ii) with respect to which depreciation (or amortization 
     in lieu of depreciation) is allowable,
       ``(iii) which is--

       ``(I) constructed, reconstructed, or erected by the 
     taxpayer, or
       ``(II) acquired by the taxpayer if the original use of such 
     property commences with the taxpayer, and

       ``(iv) which is integral to the operation of the advanced 
     manufacturing facility.
       ``(B) Buildings and structural components.--
       ``(i) In general.--The term `qualified property' includes 
     any building or its structural components which otherwise 
     satisfy the requirements under subparagraph (A).
       ``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not apply with respect 
     to a building or portion of a building used for offices, 
     administrative services, or other functions unrelated to 
     manufacturing.
       ``(3) Advanced manufacturing facility.--For purposes of 
     this section, the term `advanced manufacturing facility' 
     means a facility for which the primary purpose is the 
     manufacturing of semiconductors or semiconductor 
     manufacturing equipment.

[[Page S3396]]

       ``(4) Coordination with rehabilitation credit.--The 
     qualified investment with respect to any advanced 
     manufacturing facility for any taxable year shall not include 
     that portion of the basis of any property which is 
     attributable to qualified rehabilitation expenditures (as 
     defined in section 47(c)(2)).
       ``(5) Certain progress expenditure rules made applicable.--
     Rules similar to the rules of subsections (c)(4) and (d) of 
     section 46 (as in effect on the day before the date of the 
     enactment of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1990) shall 
     apply for purposes of subsection (a).
       ``(c) Eligible Taxpayer.--For purposes of this section, the 
     term `eligible taxpayer' means any taxpayer which--
       ``(1) is not a foreign entity of concern (as defined in 
     section 9901(6) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021), and
       ``(2) has not made an applicable transaction (as defined in 
     section 50(a)) during the taxable year.
       ``(d) Elective Payment.--
       ``(1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in 
     paragraph (2)(A), in the case of a taxpayer making an 
     election (at such time and in such manner as the Secretary 
     may provide) under this subsection with respect to the credit 
     determined under subsection (a) with respect to such 
     taxpayer, such taxpayer shall be treated as making a payment 
     against the tax imposed by subtitle A (for the taxable year 
     with respect to which such credit was determined) equal to 
     the amount of such credit.
       ``(2) Special rules.--For purposes of this subsection--
       ``(A) Application to partnerships and s corporations.--
       ``(i) In general.--In the case of the credit determined 
     under subsection (a) with respect to any property held 
     directly by a partnership or S corporation, any election 
     under paragraph (1) shall be made by such partnership or S 
     corporation. If such partnership or S corporation makes an 
     election under such paragraph (in such manner as the 
     Secretary may provide) with respect to such credit--

       ``(I) the Secretary shall make a payment to such 
     partnership or S corporation equal to the amount of such 
     credit,
       ``(II) paragraph (3) shall be applied with respect to such 
     credit before determining any partner's distributive share, 
     or shareholder's pro rata share, of such credit,
       ``(III) any amount with respect to which the election in 
     paragraph (1) is made shall be treated as tax exempt income 
     for purposes of sections 705 and 1366, and
       ``(IV) a partner's distributive share of such tax exempt 
     income shall be based on such partner's distributive share of 
     the otherwise applicable credit for each taxable year.

       ``(ii) Coordination with application at partner or 
     shareholder level.--In the case of any property held directly 
     by a partnership or S corporation, no election by any partner 
     or shareholder shall be allowed under paragraph (1) with 
     respect to any credit determined under subsection (a) with 
     respect to such property.
       ``(B) Elections.--Any election under paragraph (1) shall be 
     made not later than the due date (including extensions of 
     time) for the return of tax for the taxable year for which 
     the election is made, but in no event earlier than 270 days 
     after the date of the enactment of this section. Any such 
     election, once made, shall be irrevocable. Except as 
     otherwise provided in this subparagraph, any election under 
     paragraph (1) shall apply with respect to any credit for the 
     taxable year for which the election is made.
       ``(C) Timing.--The payment described in paragraph (1) shall 
     be treated as made on the later of the due date (determined 
     without regard to extensions) of the return of tax for the 
     taxable year or the date on which such return is filed.
       ``(D) Treatment of payments to partnerships and s 
     corporations.--For purposes of section 1324 of title 31, 
     United States Code, the payments under subparagraph (A)(i)(I) 
     shall be treated in the same manner as a refund due from a 
     credit provision referred to in subsection (b)(2) of such 
     section.
       ``(E) Additional information.--As a condition of, and prior 
     to, any amount being treated as a payment which is made by 
     the taxpayer under paragraph (1) or any payment being made 
     pursuant to subparagraph (A), the Secretary may require such 
     information or registration as the Secretary deems necessary 
     or appropriate for purposes of preventing duplication, fraud, 
     improper payments, or excessive payments under this section.
       ``(F) Excessive payment.--
       ``(i) In general.--In the case of any amount treated as a 
     payment which is made by the taxpayer under paragraph (1), or 
     any payment made pursuant to subparagraph (A), which the 
     Secretary determines constitutes an excessive payment, the 
     tax imposed on such taxpayer by chapter 1 for the taxable 
     year in which such determination is made shall be increased 
     by an amount equal to the sum of--

       ``(I) the amount of such excessive payment, plus
       ``(II) an amount equal to 20 percent of such excessive 
     payment.

       ``(ii) Reasonable cause.--Clause (i)(II) shall not apply if 
     the taxpayer demonstrates to the satisfaction of the 
     Secretary that the excessive payment resulted from reasonable 
     cause.
       ``(iii) Excessive payment defined.--For purposes of this 
     subparagraph, the term `excessive payment' means, with 
     respect to property for which an election is made under this 
     subsection for any taxable year, an amount equal to the 
     excess of--

       ``(I) the amount treated as a payment which is made by the 
     taxpayer under paragraph (1), or the amount of the payment 
     made pursuant to subparagraph (A), with respect to such 
     property for such taxable year, over
       ``(II) the amount of the credit which, without application 
     of this subsection, would be otherwise allowable (determined 
     without regard to section 38(c)) under subsection (a) with 
     respect to such property for such taxable year.

       ``(3) Denial of double benefit.--In the case of a taxpayer 
     making an election under this subsection with respect to the 
     credit determined under subsection (a), such credit shall be 
     reduced to zero and shall, for any other purposes under this 
     title, be deemed to have been allowed to the taxpayer for 
     such taxable year.
       ``(4) Mirror code possessions.--In the case of any 
     possession of the United States with a mirror code tax system 
     (as defined in section 24(k)), this subsection shall not be 
     treated as part of the income tax laws of the United States 
     for purposes of determining the income tax law of such 
     possession unless such possession elects to have this 
     subsection be so treated.
       ``(5) Basis reduction and recapture.--Rules similar to the 
     rules of subsections (a) and (c) of section 50 shall apply 
     with respect to--
       ``(A) any amount treated as a payment which is made by the 
     taxpayer under paragraph (1), and
       ``(B) any payment made pursuant to paragraph (2)(A).
       ``(6) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such 
     regulations or other guidance as may be necessary or 
     appropriate to carry out the purposes of this subsection, 
     including--
       ``(A) regulations or other guidance providing rules for 
     determining a partner's distributive share of the tax exempt 
     income described in paragraph (2)(A)(i)(III), and
       ``(B) guidance to ensure that the amount of the payment or 
     deemed payment made under this subsection is commensurate 
     with the amount of the credit that would be otherwise 
     allowable (determined without regard to section 38(c)).
       ``(e) Termination of Credit.--The credit allowed under this 
     section shall not apply to property the construction of which 
     begins after December 31, 2026.''.
       (b) Recapture in Connection With Certain Expansions.--
       (1) In general.--Section 50(a) of the Internal Revenue Code 
     of 1986 is amended redesignating paragraphs (3) through (5) 
     as paragraphs (4) through (6), respectively, and by inserting 
     after paragraph (2) the following new paragraph:
       ``(3) Certain expansions in connection with advanced 
     manufacturing facilities.--
       ``(A) In general.--If there is a an applicable transaction 
     by an applicable taxpayer before the close of the 10-year 
     period beginning on the date such taxpayer placed in service 
     investment credit property which is eligible for the advanced 
     manufacturing investment credit under section 48D(a), then 
     the tax under this chapter for the taxable year in which such 
     transaction occurs shall be increased by 100 percent of the 
     aggregate decrease in the credits allowed under section 38 
     for all prior taxable years which would have resulted solely 
     from reducing to zero any credit determined under section 46 
     which is attributable to the advanced manufacturing 
     investment credit under section 48D(a) with respect to such 
     property.
       ``(B) Exception.--Subparagraph (A) shall not apply if the 
     applicable taxpayer demonstrates to the satisfaction of the 
     Secretary that the applicable transaction has been ceased or 
     abandoned within 45 days of a determination and notice by the 
     Secretary.
       ``(C) Regulations and guidance.--The Secretary shall issue 
     such regulations or other guidance as the Secretary 
     determines necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes 
     of this paragraph, including regulations or other guidance 
     which provide for requirements for recordkeeping or 
     information reporting for purposes of administering the 
     requirements of this paragraph.''.
       (2) Applicable transaction; applicable taxpayer.--Section 
     50(a)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as 
     redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended adding at the end 
     the following new subparagraphs:
       ``(D) Applicable transaction.--For purposes of this 
     subsection--
       ``(i) In general.--The term `applicable transaction' means, 
     with respect to any applicable taxpayer, any significant 
     transaction (as determined by the Secretary, in coordination 
     with the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of Defense) 
     involving the material expansion of semiconductor 
     manufacturing capacity of such applicable taxpayer in the 
     People's Republic of China or a foreign country of concern 
     (as defined in section 9901(7) of the William M. (Mac) 
     Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2021).
       ``(ii) Exception.--Such term shall not include a 
     transaction which primarily involves the expansion of 
     manufacturing capacity for legacy semiconductors (as defined 
     in section 9902(a)(6) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
     National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021).

[[Page S3397]]

       ``(E) Applicable taxpayer.--For purposes of this 
     subsection, the term `applicable taxpayer' means any taxpayer 
     who has been allowed a credit under section 48D(a) for any 
     prior taxable year.''.
       (3) Conforming amendments.--
       (A) Section 50(a)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, 
     as redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended--
       (i) by inserting ``, or any applicable transaction to which 
     paragraph (3)(A) applies'' after ``paragraphs (1) and (2)'', 
     and
       (ii) by inserting ``or applicable transaction'' after 
     ``such cessation''.
       (B) Section 50(a)(6)(C) of such Code, as redesignated by 
     paragraph (1), is amended by striking ``paragraph (1) or 
     (2)'' and inserting ``paragraph (1), (2), or (3)''.
       (C) Section 1371(d)(1) of such Code is amended by striking 
     ``section 50(a)(4)'' and inserting ``section 50(a)(5)''.
       (c) Exemption of Elective Payments From Sequestration.--
     Subsection (d) of section 255 of the Balanced Budget and 
     Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905) is 
     amended to read as follows:
       ``(d) Refundable Income Tax Credits and Certain Elective 
     Payments.--
       ``(1) Refundable income tax credits.--Payments to 
     individuals made pursuant to provisions of the Internal 
     Revenue Code of 1986 establishing refundable tax credits 
     shall be exempt from reduction under any order issued under 
     this part.
       ``(2) Certain elective payments.--Payments made to 
     taxpayers pursuant to elections under subsection (d) of 
     section 48D of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or amounts 
     treated as payments which are made by taxpayers under 
     paragraph (1) of such subsection, shall be exempt from 
     reduction under any order issued under this part.''.
       (d) Conforming Amendments.--
       (1) Paragraph (6) of section 46 of the Internal Revenue 
     Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
       ``(6) the advanced manufacturing investment credit.''.
       (2) Section 49(a)(1)(C) of such Code is amended--
       (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of clause (iv),
       (B) by striking the period at the end of clause (v) and 
     inserting ``, and'', and
       (C) by adding at the end the following new clause:
       ``(vi) the basis of any qualified property (as defined in 
     subsection (b)(2) of section 48D) which is part of an 
     advanced manufacturing facility (as defined in subsection 
     (b)(3) of such section).''.
       (3) Section 50(a)(2)(E) of such Code is amended by striking 
     ``or 48C(b)(2)'' and inserting ``48C(b)(2), or 48D(b)(5)''.
       (4) The table of sections for subpart E of part IV of 
     subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by 
     inserting after the item relating to section 48C the 
     following new item:

``Sec. 48D. Advanced manufacturing investment credit.''.
       (e) Budgetary Effects.--
       (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of 
     this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard 
     maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-
     You-Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
       (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
     section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard 
     maintained for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 
     (115th Congress).
       (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding 
     Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the 
     joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference 
     accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) 
     of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 
     1985, the budgetary effects of this section shall not be 
     estimated--
       (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
       (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee on 
     Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the 
     Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
       (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of the 
     Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being included in an 
     appropriation Act.
       (f) Effective Date.--
       (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
     amendments made by this section shall apply to property 
     placed in service after December 31, 2022, and, for any 
     property the construction of which begins prior to January 1, 
     2023, only to the extent of the basis thereof attributable to 
     the construction, reconstruction, or erection after the date 
     of enactment of this Act.
       (2) Exemption of elective payments from sequestration.--The 
     amendment made by subsection (c) shall apply to any 
     sequestration order issued under the Balanced Budget and 
     Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 900 et seq.) 
     on or after December 31, 2022.

                  DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

     SEC. 10000. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

       The table of contents for this division is as follows:

                  DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Sec. 10000. Table of contents.
Sec. 10001. Short title.
Sec. 10002. Definitions.
Sec. 10003. Budgetary effects.

          TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10101. Mission of the Office of Science.
Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program.
Sec. 10103. Biological and environmental research.
Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program.
Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research.
Sec. 10106. High energy physics program.
Sec. 10107. Nuclear physics program.
Sec. 10108. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
Sec. 10109. Accelerator research and development.
Sec. 10110. Isotope research, development, and production.
Sec. 10111. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
Sec. 10112. High intensity laser research initiative; helium 
              conservation program; Office of Science emerging 
              biological threat preparedness research initiative; 
              midscale instrumentation and research equipment program; 
              authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 10113. Established program to stimulate competitive research.
Sec. 10114. Research security.

TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10201. Definitions.

              Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

Sec. 10211. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle B--Measurement Research

Sec. 10221. Engineering biology and biometrology.
Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research.
Sec. 10223. NIST authority for cybersecurity and privacy activities.
Sec. 10224. Software security and authentication.
Sec. 10225. Digital identity management research.
Sec. 10226. Biometrics research and testing.
Sec. 10227. Federal biometric performance standards.
Sec. 10228. Protecting research from cybersecurity theft.
Sec. 10229. Dissemination of resources for research institutions.
Sec. 10230. Advanced communications research.
Sec. 10231. Neutron scattering.
Sec. 10232. Artificial intelligence.
Sec. 10233. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10234. Premise plumbing research.
Sec. 10235. Dr. David Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program.

                     Subtitle C--General Activities

Sec. 10241. Educational outreach and support for underrepresented 
              communities.
Sec. 10242. Other transactions authority.
Sec. 10243. Report to Congress on collaborations with government 
              agencies.
Sec. 10244. Hiring critical technical experts.
Sec. 10245. International standards development.
Sec. 10246. Standard technical update.
Sec. 10247. GAO study of NIST research security policies and protocols.
Sec. 10248. Standards development organization grants.

        Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

Sec. 10251. Establishment of expansion awards pilot program as a part 
              of the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
Sec. 10252. Update to Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
Sec. 10253. National Supply Chain Database.
Sec. 10254. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership activities.
Sec. 10255. Amendment to the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
              Partnership relating to institutions of higher education.

                 Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

Sec. 10261. Supporting geographic diversity.
Sec. 10262. Expanding opportunities through the Manufacturing USA 
              Program.
Sec. 10263. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed 
              under Manufacturing USA Program.

         TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                    Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

Sec. 10301. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10302. Definitions.
Sec. 10303. Authorization of appropriations.

                       Subtitle B--STEM Education

Sec. 10311. PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10312. Undergraduate STEM education.
Sec. 10313. Graduate STEM education.
Sec. 10314. STEM workforce data.
Sec. 10315. Cyber workforce development research and development.
Sec. 10316. Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program.
Sec. 10317. Cybersecurity workforce data initiative.
Sec. 10318. Microelectronics workforce development activities.
Sec. 10319. Incorporation of art and design into certain STEM 
              education.
Sec. 10320. Mandatory cost-sharing.
Sec. 10321. Programs to address the STEM workforce.

                  Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

Sec. 10321. Presidential awards for excellence in mathematics and 
              science.

[[Page S3398]]

Sec. 10322. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program update.
Sec. 10323. NSF Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Initiative.
Sec. 10324. Broadening participation on major facilities awards.
Sec. 10325. Expanding geographic and institutional diversity in 
              research.
Sec. 10326. Diversity in tech research.
Sec. 10327. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.
Sec. 10328. Research and dissemination to increase the participation of 
              women and underrepresented minorities in STEM fields.
Sec. 10329. Activities to expand STEM opportunities.
Sec. 10330. Intramural emerging research institutions pilot program.

                   Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

Sec. 10331. Office of Research Security and Policy.
Sec. 10332. Chief of Research Security.
Sec. 10333. Reporting to Congress.
Sec. 10334. Online resource.
Sec. 10335. Research awards.
Sec. 10336. Authorities.
Sec. 10337. Responsible conduct in research training.
Sec. 10338. Research security and integrity information sharing 
              analysis organization.
Sec. 10339. Plan with respect to controlled information and background 
              screening.
Sec. 10339A. Foundation funding to institutions hosting or supporting 
              Confucius Institutes.
Sec. 10339B. Foreign financial support.
Sec. 10339C. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

Sec. 10341. Broader impacts.
Sec. 10342. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10343. Research ethics.
Sec. 10344. Research reproducibility and replicability.
Sec. 10345. Climate change research.
Sec. 10346. Social, behavioral, and economic sciences.
Sec. 10347. Measuring impacts of Federally funded research and 
              development.
Sec. 10348. Food-energy-water research.
Sec. 10349. Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.
Sec. 10350. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10351. Risk and resilience research.
Sec. 10352. Unmanned aircraft systems technologies.
Sec. 10353. Accelerating unmanned maritime systems technologies.
Sec. 10354. Leveraging international expertise in research.
Sec. 10355. Biological research collections.
Sec. 10356. Clean water research and technology acceleration.
Sec. 10357. Technology and behavioral science research.
Sec. 10358. Manufacturing research amendment.
Sec. 10359. Critical minerals mining research and development.
Sec. 10360. Study of AI research capacity.
Sec. 10361. Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
Sec. 10362. Astronomy and satellite constellations.
Sec. 10363. Research on the impact of inflation.
Sec. 10364. Microgravity utilization policy.
Sec. 10365. Recognition of the Arecibo Observatory.

                  Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

Sec. 10371. Facility operation and maintenance.
Sec. 10372. Reviews.
Sec. 10373. Helium conservation.
Sec. 10374. Advanced computing.
Sec. 10375. National secure data service.

  Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

Sec. 10381. Establishment.
Sec. 10382. Purposes.
Sec. 10383. Activities.
Sec. 10384. Requirements.
Sec. 10385. Assistant Director.
Sec. 10386. Advisory committee.
Sec. 10387. Challenges and focus areas.
Sec. 10388. Regional Innovation Engines.
Sec. 10389. Translation accelerator.
Sec. 10390. Test beds.
Sec. 10391. Planning and capacity building awards.
Sec. 10392. Entrepreneurial fellowships.
Sec. 10393. Scholarships and fellowships.
Sec. 10394. Research and development awards.
Sec. 10395. Scaling innovations in PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10396. Authorities.
Sec. 10397. Coordination of activities.
Sec. 10398. Ethical, legal, and societal considerations.
Sec. 10399. Reports and roadmaps.
Sec. 10399A. Evaluation.

                 Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

Sec. 10399D. Supporting veterans in STEM careers.
Sec. 10399E. Sunshine Act compliance.
Sec. 10399F. Science and engineering indicators report submission.

             TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Sec. 10401. Definitions.
Sec. 10402. National engineering biology research and development 
              initiative.
Sec. 10403. Initiative coordination.
Sec. 10404. Advisory committee on engineering biology research and 
              development.
Sec. 10405. External review of ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
              security, and societal issues.
Sec. 10406. Agency activities.
Sec. 10407. Rule of construction.

              TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                     Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

Sec. 10501. Federal research agency policies for caregivers.
Sec. 10502. Collection and reporting of data on federal research 
              awards.
Sec. 10503. Policies for review of Federal research awards.
Sec. 10504. Collection of data on demographics of faculty.
Sec. 10505. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the 
              academic and Federal STEM workforce.
Sec. 10506. Existing activities.
Sec. 10507. Report to Congress.
Sec. 10508. Merit review.
Sec. 10509. Determination of budgetary effects.
Sec. 10510. Definition.

               Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

Sec. 10511. Definition.
Sec. 10512. National Science Foundation rural STEM activities.
Sec. 10513. Opportunities for online education.
Sec. 10514. National Academies evaluation.
Sec. 10515. GAO review.
Sec. 10516. NIST engagement with rural communities.

                    Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

Sec. 10521. GAO review.
Sec. 10522. Agency responsibilities.
Sec. 10523. Research at the National Science Foundation.
Sec. 10524. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
Sec. 10525. Tribal Colleges and Universities program.
Sec. 10526. Definitions.

           Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

Sec. 10531. Findings.
Sec. 10532. Purpose.
Sec. 10533. Definition.
Sec. 10534. Research awards.
Sec. 10535. Responsible Conduct Guide.
Sec. 10536. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10537. National Academies assessment.
Sec. 10538. GAO study.
Sec. 10539. Authorization of appropriations.

       TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

            Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

Sec. 10601. Early-career research fellowship program.
Sec. 10602. Authorization of appropriations.

          Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

Sec. 10611. National science and technology strategy.
Sec. 10612. Strategy and report on the Nation's economic security, 
              science, research, and innovation to support the national 
              security strategy.
Sec. 10613. Quadrennial science and technology review.

                    Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

Sec. 10621. Regional innovation capacity.
Sec. 10622. Regional Clean Energy Innovation Program.

                     Subtitle D--Research Security

Sec. 10631. Requirements for foreign talent recruitment programs.
Sec. 10632. Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.
Sec. 10633. Review of contracts and agreements.
Sec. 10634. Research security training requirement for Federal research 
              award personnel.
Sec. 10635. Research funds accounting.
Sec. 10636. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
Sec. 10637. Nondiscrimination.
Sec. 10638. Definitions.

  Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

Sec. 10641. Short title.
Sec. 10642. Purposes.
Sec. 10643. Definitions.
Sec. 10644. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10645. Strategic research plan.
Sec. 10646. NOAA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10647. NSF ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10648. NASA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10649. Authorization of appropriations.

                 Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

Sec. 10651. Interagency working group.

           Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

Sec. 10661. Quantum networking and communications.

                   Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

Sec. 10671. Establishment of blockchain and cryptocurrency specialist 
              position within OSTP.

      Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

Sec. 10691. Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.

[[Page S3399]]

               Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

Sec. 10701. Definitions.

       PART 1--National Clean Energy Technology Transfer Programs

Sec. 10713. National clean energy incubator program.
Sec. 10714. Clean energy technology university prize competition.
Sec. 10715. Clean energy technology transfer coordination.

 PART 2--Supporting Technology Development at the National Laboratories

Sec. 10716. Lab partnering service pilot program.
Sec. 10717. Lab-embedded entrepreneurship program.
Sec. 10718. Small business voucher program.
Sec. 10719. Entrepreneurial leave program.
Sec. 10720. National Laboratory non-Federal employee outside employment 
              authority.

               PART 3--Department of Energy Modernization

Sec. 10722. Office of Technology Transitions.
Sec. 10723. Management of Department of Energy demonstration projects.
Sec. 10724. Streamlining prize competitions.
Sec. 10725. Cost-share waiver extension.
Sec. 10726. Special hiring authority for scientific, engineering, and 
              project management personnel.
Sec. 10727. Technology transfer reports and evaluation.

                         Subtitle K--Micro Act

Sec. 10731. Microelectronics research for energy innovation.

    Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure 
                              Reinvestment

Sec. 10741. Short title.
Sec. 10742. Purposes.
Sec. 10743. University infrastructure collaboration.
Sec. 10744. Advanced nuclear research infrastructure enhancement 
              subprogram.
Sec. 10745. Science education and human resources scholarships, 
              fellowships, and research and development projects.

    Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

Sec. 10751. Low-emissions steel manufacturing research program.

    Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and 
                             Modernization

Sec. 10761. Applied laboratories infrastructure restoration and 
              modernization.

      Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and 
                        Demonstration Activities

Sec. 10771. Department of Energy research, development, and 
              demonstration activities.

                   Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

Sec. 10781. Advanced nuclear technologies Federal research, 
              development, and demonstration program.

TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION 
                                  ACT

Sec. 10801. Short title.
Sec. 10802. Definitions.

                        Subtitle A--Exploration

Sec. 10811. Moon to Mars.
Sec. 10812. Space Launch System configurations.
Sec. 10813. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
Sec. 10814. Pearl River maintenance.
Sec. 10815. Extension and modification relating to International Space 
              Station.
Sec. 10816. Priorities for International Space Station.
Sec. 10817. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                          Subtitle B--Science

Sec. 10821. Science priorities.
Sec. 10822. Search for life.
Sec. 10823. Next generation of astrophysics great observatories.
Sec. 10824. Earth science missions and programs.
Sec. 10825. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

                        Subtitle C--Aeronautics

Sec. 10831. Experimental aircraft projects.
Sec. 10832. Unmanned aircraft systems.
Sec. 10833. Cleaner, quieter airplanes.

                      Subtitle D--Space Technology

Sec. 10841. Space nuclear capabilities.
Sec. 10842. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.

                      Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

Sec. 10851. Office of STEM Engagement.

                       Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

Sec. 10861. Program, workforce, and industrial base reviews.
Sec. 10862. Modification of lease of non-excess property.

     SEC. 10001. SHORT TITLE.

       This division may be cited as the ``Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act''.

     SEC. 10002. DEFINITIONS.

       In this division:
       (1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial 
     intelligence'' or ``AI'' has the meaning given such term in 
     section 5002 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
     9401).
       (2) Awardee.--The term ``awardee'' means the legal entity 
     to which Federal assistance is awarded and that is 
     accountable to the Federal Government for the use of the 
     funds provided.
       (3) Award personnel.--The term ``award personnel'' means 
     principal investigators and co-principal investigators, 
     faculty, postdoctoral researchers, and other employees 
     supported by a grant, cooperative agreement, or contract 
     under Federal law.
       (4) Biomanufacturing.--The term ``biomanufacturing'' means 
     the utilization of biological systems to develop new and 
     advance existing products, tools, and processes at commercial 
     scale.
       (5) Emerging research institution.--The term ``emerging 
     research institution'' means an institution of higher 
     education with an established undergraduate or graduate 
     program that has less than $50,000,000 in Federal research 
     expenditures.
       (6) Engineering biology.--The term ``engineering biology'' 
     means the application of engineering design principles and 
     practices to biological systems, including molecular and 
     cellular systems, to advance fundamental understanding of 
     complex natural systems and to enable novel or optimize 
     functions and capabilities.
       (7) EPSCoR.--The term ``EPSCoR'' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 502 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization 
     Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p note).
       (8) EPSCoR institution.--The term ``EPSCoR institution'' 
     means an institution of higher education, nonprofit 
     organization, or other institution located in a jurisdiction 
     eligible to participate in the program under section 113 of 
     the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 
     U.S.C. 1862g).
       (9) Federal laboratory.--The term ``Federal laboratory'' 
     has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the 
     Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
     3703).
       (10) Federal research agency.--The term ``Federal research 
     agency'' means any Federal agency with an annual extramural 
     research expenditure of over $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2022 
     constant dollars.
       (11) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the 
     National Science Foundation.
       (12) Historically black college and university.--The term 
     ``historically Black college and university'' has the meaning 
     given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
     Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
       (13) Institution of higher education.--The term 
     ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
     (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
       (14) Interagency working group on inclusion in stem.--The 
     term ``interagency working group on inclusion in STEM'' means 
     the interagency working group established by section 308 of 
     the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 
     6626).
       (15) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization'' 
     has the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of the 
     National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except that 
     such term shall also include--
       (A) any organization composed of labor organizations, such 
     as a labor union federation or a State or municipal labor 
     body; and
       (B) any organization which would be included in the 
     definition for such term under such section 2(5) but for the 
     fact that the organization represents--
       (i) individuals employed by the United States, any wholly 
     owned Government corporation, any Federal Reserve Bank, or 
     any State or political subdivision thereof;
       (ii) individuals employed by persons subject to the Railway 
     Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 et seq.); or
       (iii) individuals employed as agricultural laborers.
       (16) Low-income individual.--The term ``low-income 
     individual'' means an individual from a family whose taxable 
     income for the preceding year did not exceed 150 percent of 
     an amount equal to the poverty level determined by using 
     criteria of poverty established by the Bureau of the Census.
       (17) Manufacturing extension center.--The term 
     ``manufacturing extension center'' has the meaning given the 
     term ``Center'' in section 25(a) of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)).
       (18) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term ``Manufacturing 
     USA institute'' means a Manufacturing USA institute described 
     in section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)).
       (19) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
     serving institution'' means a Hispanic-serving institution as 
     defined in section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
     (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)); an Alaska Native-serving institution or 
     Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section 
     317(b) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)); or a Predominantly 
     Black institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific 
     Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving 
     nontribal institution as defined in section 371(c) of such 
     Act (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
       (20) National academies.--The term ``National Academies'' 
     means the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
     Medicine.
       (21) Non-profit organization.--The term ``non-profit 
     organization'' means an organization which is described in 
     section 501(c)(3)

[[Page S3400]]

     of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from tax 
     under section 501(a) of such code.
       (22) Prek-12.--The term ``PreK-12'' means pre-kindergarten 
     through grade 12.
       (23) Quantum information science.--The term ``quantum 
     information science'' has the meaning given such term in 
     section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 
     8801).
       (24) Recipient.--The term ``recipient'' means an entity, 
     usually a non-Federal entity, that receives a Federal award 
     directly from a Federal research agency. The term 
     ``recipient'' does not include entities that receive 
     subawards or individuals that are the beneficiaries of the 
     award.
       (25) Research and development award.--The term ``research 
     and development award'' means support provided to an 
     individual or entity by a Federal research agency to carry 
     out research and development activities, which may include 
     support in the form of a grant, contract, cooperative 
     agreement, or other such transaction. The term does not 
     include a grant, contract, agreement or other transaction for 
     the procurement of goods or services to meet the 
     administrative needs of a Federal research agency.
       (26) Skilled technical work.--The term ``skilled technical 
     work'' means an occupation that requires a high level of 
     knowledge in a technical domain and does not require a 
     bachelor's degree for entry.
       (27) Stem.--The term ``STEM'' means science, technology, 
     engineering, and mathematics, including computer science.
       (28) Stem education.--The term ``STEM education'' has the 
     meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM Education Act 
     of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
       (29) Technical standard.--The term ``technical standard'' 
     has the meaning given such term in section 12(d)(5) of the 
     National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 
     U.S.C. 272 note).
       (30) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
     College or University'' has the meaning given such term in 
     section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1059c).

     SEC. 10003. BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

       (a) Statutory Paygo Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of 
     this division shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard 
     maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-
     You-Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
       (b) Senate Paygo Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
     division shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard 
     maintained for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 
     (115th Congress).
       (c) Classification of Budgetary Effects.--Notwithstanding 
     Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the 
     joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference 
     accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) 
     of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 
     1985, the budgetary effects of this division shall not be 
     estimated--
       (1) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
       (2) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee on 
     Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the 
     Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
       (3) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of the 
     Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being included in an 
     appropriation Act.

          TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

     SEC. 10101. MISSION OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE.

       Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 7139) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:
       ``(d) User Facilities.--The Director shall carry out the 
     construction, operation, and maintenance of user facilities 
     to support the mission described in subsection (c). As 
     practicable, these facilities shall serve the needs of the 
     Department, industry, the academic community, and other 
     relevant entities for the purposes of advancing the missions 
     of the Department, improving the competitiveness of the 
     United States, protecting public health and safety, and 
     addressing other national priorities including emergencies.
       ``(e) Coordination.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary--
       ``(A) shall ensure the coordination of the Office of 
     Science with the other activities of the Department, 
     including the transfer of knowledge, capabilities, and 
     relevant technologies from basic research programs of the 
     Department to applied research and development programs of 
     the Department for the purpose of enabling development of 
     mission-relevant technologies;
       ``(B) shall support joint activities among the programs of 
     the Department;
       ``(C) shall coordinate with other relevant Federal agencies 
     operating under existing authorizations relating to subjects 
     relating to the mission described in subsection (c) in 
     supporting advancements in related research areas as 
     appropriate; and
       ``(D) may form partnerships to enhance the utilization of 
     and ensure access to user facilities by other Federal 
     agencies.
       ``(2) Office of science.--The Director--
       ``(A) shall ensure the coordination of programs and 
     activities carried out by the Office of Science; and
       ``(B) shall direct all programs which have not recently 
     completed a future planning roadmap consistent with the 
     funding of such programs authorized under the Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act to complete such 
     a roadmap.''.

     SEC. 10102. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM.

       (a) Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act.--
     Section 303 of the Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18641) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (e) as 
     subsections (c) through (g), respectively;
       (2) by inserting before subsection (c), as so redesignated, 
     the following:
       ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under 
     section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 
     U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out a research and 
     development program in basic energy sciences, including 
     materials sciences and engineering, chemical sciences, 
     physical biosciences, geosciences, and other disciplines, to 
     understand, model, and control matter and energy at the 
     electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide 
     the foundations for new energy technologies, address 
     scientific grand challenges, and support the energy, 
     environment, and national security missions of the 
     Department.
       ``(b) Sustainable Chemistry.--In carrying out chemistry-
     related research and development activities under this 
     section, the Director shall prioritize research and 
     development of sustainable chemistry to support clean, safe, 
     and economic alternatives and methodologies to traditional 
     chemical products and processes.'';
       (3) in subsection (d), as so redesignated--
       (A) in paragraph (3)--
       (i) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as subparagraph (E); 
     and
       (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following:
       ``(D) autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis and 
     characterization facilities that leverage advances in 
     artificial intelligence; and''; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(4) Advanced photon source upgrade.--
       ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
       ``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate of flow of 
     photons.
       ``(ii) Hard x-ray.--The term `hard x-ray' means a photon 
     with energy greater than 20 kiloelectron volts.
       ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade 
     to the Advanced Photon Source described in the publication 
     approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on 
     June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on Facility Upgrades', 
     including the development of a multibend achromat lattice to 
     produce a high flux of coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray 
     energy region and a suite of beamlines optimized for this 
     source.
       ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs 
     before March 31, 2026.
       ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (j), there is authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this 
     paragraph $14,200,000 for fiscal year 2023.
       ``(5) Spallation neutron source proton power upgrade.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
     proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron Source.
       ``(B) Proton power upgrade defined.--In this paragraph, the 
     term `proton power upgrade' means the Spallation Neutron 
     Source power upgrade described in--
       ``(i) the publication entitled `Facilities for the Future 
     of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook', published by the Office 
     of Science of the Department in December, 2003;
       ``(ii) the publication entitled `Four Years Later: An 
     Interim Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A 
     Twenty-Year Outlook', published by the Office of Science of 
     the Department in August, 2007; and
       ``(iii) the publication approved by the Basic Energy 
     Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled `Report 
     on Facility Upgrades'.
       ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs 
     before July 30, 2028, with the option for early operation in 
     2025.
       ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (j), there is authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this 
     paragraph--
       ``(i) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(ii) $14,202,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
       ``(iii) $1,567,000 for fiscal year 2025.
       ``(6) Spallation neutron source second target station.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a second 
     target station for the Spallation Neutron Source.
       ``(B) Second target station defined.--In this paragraph, 
     the term `second target station' means the Spallation Neutron 
     Source second target station described in--
       ``(i) the publication entitled, `Facilities for the Future 
     of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook', published by the Office 
     of Science of the Department in December, 2003;
       ``(ii) the publication entitled, `Four Years Later: An 
     Interim Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A 
     Twenty-Year Outlook', published by the Office of Science of 
     the Department in August, 2007; and
       ``(iii) the publication approved by the Basic Energy 
     Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled `Report 
     on Facility Upgrades'.

[[Page S3401]]

       ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the second target station under this 
     paragraph occurs before December 31, 2033, with the option 
     for early operation in 2029.
       ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this 
     paragraph, including construction--
       ``(i) $127,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(ii) $205,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(iii) $279,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(iv) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(v) $281,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
       ``(7) Advanced light source upgrade.--
       ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
       ``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate of flow of 
     photons.
       ``(ii) Soft x-ray.--The term `soft x-ray' means a photon 
     with energy in the range from 50 to 2,000 electron volts.
       ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade 
     to the Advanced Light Source described in the publication 
     approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on 
     June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on Facility Upgrades', 
     including the development of a multibend achromat lattice to 
     produce a high flux of coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray 
     energy region.
       ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs 
     before September 30, 2029.
       ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this 
     paragraph--
       ``(i) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(ii) $102,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(iii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
       ``(iv) $1,400,000 for fiscal year 2026.
       ``(8) Linac coherent light source ii high energy upgrade.--
       ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
       ``(i) High energy.--The term `high energy', with respect to 
     an x-ray, means a photon with an energy in the 5 to 13 
     kiloelectron volt range.
       ``(ii) High repetition rate.--The term `high repetition 
     rate' means the delivery of x-ray pulses up to 1,000,000 
     pulses per second.
       ``(iii) Ultra-short pulse.--The term `ultra-short pulse', 
     with respect to an x-ray, means that the x-ray has bursts 
     capable of durations of less than 100 femtoseconds.
       ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall--
       ``(i) provide for the upgrade to the Linac Coherent Light 
     Source II facility described in the publication approved by 
     the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, 
     entitled `Report on Facility Upgrades', including the 
     development of experimental capabilities for high energy x-
     rays to reveal fundamental scientific discoveries; and
       ``(ii) ensure such upgrade enables the production and use 
     of high energy, ultra-short pulse x-rays delivered at a high 
     repetition rate.
       ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs 
     before December 31, 2026.
       ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this 
     paragraph--
       ``(i) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(ii) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(iii) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
       ``(iv) $99,343,000 for fiscal year 2026.
       ``(9) Cryomodule repair and maintenance facility.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
     construction of a cryomodule repair and maintenance facility 
     to service the Linac Coherent Light Source II and subsequent 
     upgrades.
       ``(B) Consultation required.--The Secretary shall consult 
     with the private sector, institutions of higher education, 
     National Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to 
     ensure that the facility described in subparagraph (A) has 
     the capability to maintain, repair, and test superconducting 
     radio frequency accelerator components.
       ``(C) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this 
     paragraph--
       ``(i) $29,300,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(ii) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(iii) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
       ``(iv) $15,700,000 for fiscal year 2026.
       ``(10) Nanoscale science research center recapitalization 
     project.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
     recapitalization of the Nanoscale Science Research Centers, 
     to include the upgrade of equipment at each Center supported 
     by the Office of Science on the date of enactment of the 
     Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, to 
     accelerate advances in the various fields of science 
     including nanoscience, materials, chemistry, biology, and 
     quantum information science.
       ``(B) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out the recapitalization under this 
     paragraph--
       ``(i) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
       ``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024.
       ``(11) National synchrotron light source ii beamline 
     buildout.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
     development and construction of experimental stations to 
     provide significant additional beamline and instrument 
     capacity, complement the existing portfolio of beamlines, and 
     complete the buildout of the National Synchrotron Light 
     Source II.
       ``(B) Start of operations.--Subject to the availability of 
     appropriations, the Secretary--
       ``(i) shall begin carrying out subparagraph (A) not later 
     than September 30, 2036; and
       ``(ii) may begin carrying out subparagraph (A)--

       ``(I) in calendar year 2033; or
       ``(II) after the construction of individual beamlines is 
     complete.''; and

       (4) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(h) Computational Materials and Chemical Sciences.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support a program of 
     research and development for the application of advanced 
     computing practices to foundational and emerging research 
     problems in chemistry and materials science. Research 
     activities shall include--
       ``(A) chemical catalysis research and development;
       ``(B) the use of large data sets to model materials 
     phenomena, including through advanced characterization of 
     materials, materials synthesis, processing, and innovative 
     use of experimental and theoretical data;
       ``(C) codesign of chemical system and chemistry modeling 
     software with advanced computing systems and hardware 
     technologies; and
       ``(D) modeling of chemical processes, assemblies, and 
     reactions such as molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry, 
     including through novel computing methods.
       ``(2) Computational materials and chemical sciences 
     centers.--
       ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the activities 
     authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall select and 
     establish up to 6 computational materials and chemical 
     sciences centers to--
       ``(i) develop open-source, robust, and validated 
     computational codes and user-friendly software, coupled with 
     innovative use of experimental and theoretical data, to 
     enable the design, discovery, and development of new 
     materials and chemical systems; and
       ``(ii) focus on overcoming challenges and maximizing the 
     benefits of exascale and other high performance computing 
     underpinned by accelerated node technologies.
       ``(B) Selection.--The Director shall select centers under 
     subparagraph (A) on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The 
     Director shall consider applications from the National 
     Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-
     institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
       ``(C) Duration.--
       ``(i) New centers.--A center selected under subparagraph 
     (A) shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 
     years beginning on the date of establishment of that center, 
     subject to the availability of appropriations.
       ``(ii) Existing centers.--A center already in existence on 
     the date of enactment of the Research and Development, 
     Competition, and Innovation Act may continue to receive 
     support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on 
     the date of establishment of that center.
       ``(D) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period of 
     support of a center under this subsection, the Director may 
     renew support for the center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for 
     a period of not more than 5 years.
       ``(i) Materials Research Database.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support the 
     development of a web-based platform to develop and provide 
     access to a database of computed information on known and 
     predicted materials properties and computational tools to 
     accelerate breakthroughs in materials discovery and design.
       ``(2) Program.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
     Director shall--
       ``(A) conduct cooperative research among National 
     Laboratories, industry, academia, and other research 
     institutions to advance understanding, prediction, and 
     manipulation of materials and facilitate the design of novel 
     materials;
       ``(B) develop and maintain data infrastructure at user 
     facilities that generate data to collect, analyze, label, and 
     otherwise prepare the data for inclusion in the database;
       ``(C) leverage existing high performance computing systems 
     to conduct high throughput calculations, and develop 
     computational and data mining algorithms for the prediction 
     of material properties;
       ``(D) strengthen the foundation for new technologies and 
     advanced manufacturing; and
       ``(E) drive the development of advanced materials for 
     applications that span the Department's missions in energy, 
     environment, and national security.
       ``(3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
     Director shall leverage programs and activities across the 
     Department, including computational materials and chemical 
     sciences centers established under subsection (h).
       ``(4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (j), there is authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out activities under this 
     subsection $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 
     2027.
       ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated to

[[Page S3402]]

     the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
     activities described in this section--
       ``(1) $2,685,414,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $2,866,890,840 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $2,987,727,170 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $3,062,732,781 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $3,080,067,167 for fiscal year 2027.''.
       (b) Artificial Photosynthesis.--Section 973 of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and 
     inserting the following:
       ``(4) Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''; and
       (2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and 
     inserting the following:
       ``(4) Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.
       (c) Electricity Storage Research Initiative.--Section 975 
     of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is 
     amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)--
       (A) in paragraph (1)--
       (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking ``and'' after the 
     semicolon at the end;
       (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; and''; and
       (iii) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(C) to ensure the competitiveness of the United States in 
     energy storage by fostering an ecosystem linking fundamental 
     research and development to deployment of storage solutions 
     while minimizing the environmental impacts of energy storage 
     technologies.''; and
       (B) in paragraph (2)--
       (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' after the 
     semicolon at the end;
       (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; and''; and
       (iii) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(C) any other relevant office of the Department.'';
       (2) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and 
     inserting the following:
       ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.'';
       (3) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and 
     inserting the following:
       ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''; and
       (4) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (4) and 
     inserting the following:
       ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     activities under this subsection $20,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.
       (d) Foundational Nuclear Science.--
       (1) In general.--The Director of the Office of Science 
     shall support a program of research and development to bridge 
     scientific barriers to, and expand theoretical and 
     fundamental knowledge relevant to, understanding nuclear 
     materials and matter for the benefit of commerce, medicine, 
     and national security.
       (2) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) the Director of the Office of Science shall support 
     basic research to pursue distinct lines of scientific 
     inquiry, including--
       (i) research in nuclear materials science, including the 
     application of advanced computing practices to foundational 
     and emerging research areas in nuclear materials science and 
     discovery, such as--

       (I) the advanced characterization of materials;
       (II) materials synthesis;
       (III) processing;
       (IV) the innovative use of experimental and theoretical 
     data; and
       (V) mechanical behavior in unique environments, including 
     the effects of radiation;

       (ii) electrochemistry research and associated techniques 
     for processing nuclear materials;
       (iii) the development of advanced instrumentation and 
     nuclear data collection to inform the activities described in 
     clauses (i) and (ii); and
       (iv) any other area of research, as determined by the 
     Director of the Office of Science; and
       (B) the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy shall 
     consult with the Director of the Office of Science to support 
     the direction of translational research, development, and 
     validation of physical concepts developed under the program.
       (3) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy to 
     carry out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
       (e) Carbon Materials Science Initiative.--
       (1) Initiative.--
       (A) In general.--The Director of the Office of Science 
     (referred to in this subsection as the ``Director'') shall 
     establish a research initiative, to be known as the ``Carbon 
     Materials Science Initiative'' (referred to in this 
     subsection as the ``Initiative''), to expand the fundamental 
     knowledge of coal, coal-wastes, and carbon ore chemistry 
     useful for understanding the conversion of carbon to material 
     products.
       (B) Coordination.--In carrying out programs and activities 
     under the Initiative, the Director shall leverage expertise 
     and resources from the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon 
     Management and the United States Geological Survey.
       (C) Teams.--
       (i) In general.--In carrying out the Initiative, the 
     Director shall establish and organize activities among 
     multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to the maximum extent 
     practicable, expertise from the National Laboratories, 
     institutions of higher education, and the private sector.
       (ii) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams described in 
     clause (i) shall pursue expedient, milestone-driven research 
     goals established by the Director.
       (2) Research program.--
       (A) In general.--The Director shall carry out under the 
     Initiative a program to support, and discover fundamental 
     knowledge relevant to, carbon materials and carbon ore 
     processing research.
       (B) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
     subparagraph (A), the Director shall, in coordination with 
     the Assistant Secretary of Energy for Fossil Energy and 
     Carbon Management, as appropriate, support research to pursue 
     distinct lines of scientific inquiry, including--
       (i) methods of extraction, processing, recycling, and 
     utilization of the materials and valuable minerals contained 
     in raw coal and coal-waste;
       (ii) methods of improving performance, cost, and 
     availability of materials for use in carbon capture systems; 
     and
       (iii) unconventional pathways and materials for conversion 
     of carbon dioxide molecules, minerals, and materials.
       (C) Review.--The Director shall periodically review 
     activities carried out under the program described in 
     subparagraph (A) to evaluate the achievement of scientific 
     objectives and research milestones.
       (D) Coordination with existing programs and centers.--In 
     carrying out the program described in subparagraph (A), the 
     Director shall--
       (i) ensure coordination and knowledge sharing with--

       (I) the United States Geological Survey; and
       (II) the programs and the Carbon Utilization Research 
     Center established under section 969A of the Energy Policy 
     Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16298a); and

       (ii) avoid duplication of efforts to the maximum extent 
     practicable.
       (3) Carbon materials research centers.--
       (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities authorized 
     under paragraph (2), the Director shall establish 1 center in 
     each of the 2 major coal-producing regions of the United 
     States, each of which shall--
       (i) be known as a ``Carbon Materials Research Center'' 
     (referred to in this paragraph as a ``Center''); and
       (ii) focus on early stage research and development 
     activities, including--

       (I) developing and advancing methods of extracting, 
     processing, or recycling carbon or other valuable materials 
     or minerals from raw coal, coal-waste, or other solid carbon 
     materials, for the development of new carbon-based materials;
       (II) methods of improving the structural, physical, and 
     chemical properties of carbon-based materials or other 
     valuable materials from raw coal, coal-waste, or other solid 
     carbon materials and their recyclability;
       (III) overcoming the challenges and maximizing the benefits 
     of commercially extracting, producing, or improving coal-
     derived carbon and resulting products; and
       (IV) identifying novel pathways and materials for carbon 
     storage and conversion into useful products.

       (B) Selection.--The Director shall--
       (i) select Centers under subparagraph (A) on a competitive, 
     merit-reviewed basis; and
       (ii) consider applications from the National Laboratories, 
     institutions of higher education, multi-institutional 
     collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
       (C) Duration.--A Center shall receive support for a period 
     of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of 
     establishment of that Center, subject to the availability of 
     appropriations.
       (D) Renewal.--On the expiration of any period of support of 
     a Center, the Director may renew support for that Center, on 
     a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 
     years.
       (E) Existing facilities.--The Director shall--
       (i) ensure that the research activities carried out by the 
     Centers are not duplicative of existing efforts; and
       (ii) if practicable, leverage existing user facilities and 
     other capabilities of the Department of Energy to carry out 
     the research objectives of the Centers.
       (f) Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic 
     Computational Science Initiative.--
       (1) Initiative.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in 
     this subsection as the ``Secretary'') shall establish a 
     research initiative, to be known as the ``Carbon 
     Sequestration

[[Page S3403]]

     Research and Geologic Computational Science Initiative'' 
     (referred to in this subsection as the ``Initiative''), to 
     expand the fundamental knowledge, data collection, data 
     analysis, and modeling of subsurface geology for the purpose 
     of advancing carbon sequestration in geologic formations.
       (B) Leveraging.--In carrying out programs and activities 
     under the Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise 
     and resources from the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon 
     Management and the United States Geological Survey.
       (C) Teams.--
       (i) In general.--In carrying out the Initiative, the 
     Secretary shall establish and organize activities among 
     multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to the maximum extent 
     practicable, expertise from the National Laboratories, 
     institutions of higher education, and the private sector.
       (ii) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams described in 
     clause (i) shall pursue aggressive, milestone-driven research 
     goals established by the Secretary.
       (D) Additional activities.--The Secretary may organize 
     additional activities under this subsection through other 
     organizational structures.
       (2) Research program.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the 
     Initiative a program to support research needed for, and 
     discover knowledge relevant to, the sequestration of carbon 
     in geologic formations.
       (B) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
     subparagraph (A), the Director of the Office of Science shall 
     support fundamental research to pursue distinct lines of 
     scientific inquiry, including--
       (i) gathering geologic data for pore space 
     characterization, including improvements to geologic seismic 
     imaging;
       (ii) evaluating pore space quality, including evaluation of 
     geologic samples, to determine appropriate sequestration 
     zones for carbon;
       (iii) testing carbon sequestration;
       (iv) monitoring carbon migration in geologic formations;
       (v) advancements in data analytics, including the analysis 
     of seismic data, and computational science to improve the 
     advanced computing, visualization, and imaging of geologic 
     formations for the sequestration of carbon; and
       (vi) predictive understanding of coupled processes in 
     complex subsurface geologic systems for secure carbon 
     storage.
       (C) Review.--The Secretary shall periodically review 
     activities carried out under the program described in 
     subparagraph (A) to evaluate achievement of scientific 
     objectives and research milestones.
       (3) Carbon storage research and geologic computational 
     science centers.--
       (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities authorized 
     under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall select and establish 
     not more than 2 carbon storage research and geologic 
     computational science centers (referred to in this paragraph 
     as a ``Center'') to develop and advance improvements to data 
     collection, analysis, and modeling of subsurface geology for 
     the purpose of advancing carbon sequestration in geologic 
     formations.
       (B) Selection.--
       (i) In general.--The Secretary shall--

       (I) select Centers under subparagraph (A) on a competitive, 
     merit-reviewed basis; and
       (II) to the maximum extent practicable, locate each Center 
     in a geographically diverse region with established and 
     ongoing geologic carbon sequestration research and 
     demonstration.

       (ii) Applications.--In selecting Centers under subparagraph 
     (A), the Secretary shall consider applications from 
     institutions of higher education, multi-institutional 
     collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
       (C) Duration.--
       (i) New centers.--A Center established after the date of 
     enactment of this Act shall receive support for a period of 
     not more than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment 
     of that Center, subject to the availability of 
     appropriations.
       (ii) Existing centers.--A Center already in existence on 
     the date of enactment of this Act may continue to receive 
     support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on 
     that date of enactment.
       (iii) Renewal.--On expiration of a period of support 
     described in clause (i) or (ii), the Secretary may renew 
     support for the Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a 
     period of not more than 5 years.
       (4) Coordination with existing programs and centers.--In 
     carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall--
       (A) ensure coordination with--
       (i) the United States Geological Survey; and
       (ii) the programs established under section 963 of the 
     Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16293); and
       (B) avoid duplication of efforts to the maximum extent 
     practicable.
       (g) Funding for Carbon Initiatives.--Of the funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for basic energy sciences in a 
     fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary to carry out activities under subsections (e) and 
     (f) $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

     SEC. 10103. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH.

       (a) Program; Biological Systems; Biomolecular 
     Characterization and Imaging Science.--Section 306 of the 
     Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
     18644) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (c), by redesignating paragraphs (6) 
     through (8) as paragraphs (5) through (7), respectively;
       (2) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as 
     subsections (d) through (f), respectively;
       (3) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
       ``(a) Program.--As part of the duties of the Director 
     authorized under section 209 of the Department of Energy 
     Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), and coordinated with the 
     activities authorized under sections 303 and 304, the 
     Director shall carry out a program of research and 
     development in the areas of biological systems science and 
     climate and environmental science, including subsurface 
     science, relevant to the development of new energy 
     technologies and to support the energy, environmental, and 
     national security missions of the Department.
       ``(b) Biological Systems.--The Director shall carry out 
     research and development activities in genomic science 
     including fundamental research on plants and microbes to 
     increase systems-level understanding of the complex 
     biological systems, which may include activities--
       ``(1) to provide a fundamental understanding of the biology 
     of plants, fungi, and microbes as a basis for developing 
     innovative processes for bioenergy and bioproducts and 
     accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that would enable 
     the cost-effective, sustainable production of--
       ``(A) advanced biofuels;
       ``(B) bioenergy; and
       ``(C) biobased materials;
       ``(2) to conduct foundational functional systems biology 
     research--
       ``(A) to support expanded biosystems design research; and
       ``(B) to understand--
       ``(i) fundamental genome structure; and
       ``(ii) phenomes, including functional genomics of gene 
     products at genome scale;
       ``(3) to develop biosystems designs and synthetic biology 
     approaches for new nonfood plant-derived and microbially 
     derived bioproducts as a basis for new bioeconomy and 
     biotechnology applications in bioproducts production, 
     resource recovery, recycling, and upcycling ventures;
       ``(4) to better understand the behavior of microbiomes in 
     the environment and the interdependencies between plants and 
     microbes in a sustainable ecosystem;
       ``(5) to improve fundamental understanding of plant and 
     microbial processes impacting the global carbon cycle, 
     including processes for removing carbon dioxide from the 
     atmosphere, through photosynthesis and other biological 
     processes, for sequestration, storage, and utilization;
       ``(6) to understand the microbiome mechanisms and 
     microbiota used to transform, immobilize, or remove 
     contaminants from subsurface environments and that affect the 
     cycling and disposition of carbon, nutrients, and 
     contaminants in the environment;
       ``(7) to develop the computational approaches and 
     integrated platforms for open access collaborative science;
       ``(8) to leverage tools and approaches across the Office of 
     Science to expand research to include novel processes, 
     methods, and science to develop bio-based chemicals, 
     polymers, inorganic materials, including research--
       ``(A) to advance fungal, microbial, and plant biosystems 
     design research to advance the understanding of how CRISPR 
     tools and other gene editing tools and technologies work in 
     nature, in the laboratory, and in practice;
       ``(B) to deepen genome-enabled knowledge of the roles of 
     microbes and microbial communities, including fungi, in--
       ``(i) supporting plant and tree growth, productivity, 
     performance, adaptation, and resilience in changing 
     environmental conditions; and
       ``(ii) optimizing end uses of biomass;
       ``(C) to develop biosystems design methods and tools to 
     increase the efficiency of photosynthesis in plants; and
       ``(D) to increase the scale and pace of characterizing the 
     functions and physical characteristics of microbes and 
     microbial communities to improve biosystems design;
       ``(9) to conduct research focused on developing analysis 
     techniques and simulation capabilities, including artificial 
     intelligence and machine learning, on high-performance 
     computing platforms to accelerate collaborative and 
     reproducible systems biology research;
       ``(10) to develop and improve new technologies for 
     bioimaging, measurement, and characterization purposes to 
     understand the structural, spatial, and temporal 
     relationships of metabolic processes governing phenotypic 
     expression in plants and microbes;
       ``(11) to conduct research focused on genotype-to-phenotype 
     translations to develop a predictive understanding of 
     cellular function under a variety of relevant environmental 
     and bioenergy-related conditions;
       ``(12) to conduct metagenomic and metadata assembly 
     research sequencing and analysis; and
       ``(13) to develop other relevant methods and processes as 
     determined by the Director.
       ``(c) Biomolecular Characterization and Imaging Science.--
     The Director shall carry out research and development 
     activities in biomolecular characterization and imaging 
     science, including development of new and integrative imaging 
     and analysis platforms and biosensors to understand the 
     expression,

[[Page S3404]]

     structure, and function of genome information encoded within 
     cells and for real-time measurements in ecosystems and field 
     sites of relevance to the mission of the Department.''; and
       (4) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(l) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Advanced biofuel.--The term `advanced biofuel' has 
     the meaning given the term in section 9001 of the Farm 
     Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).
       ``(2) Bioenergy.--The term `bioenergy' means energy derived 
     from biofuels.
       ``(3) Biomass.--The term `biomass' has the meaning given 
     the term in section 203(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 
     (42 U.S.C. 15852(b)).
       ``(4) Bioproduct.--The term `bioproduct' has the meaning 
     given the term `biobased product' in section 9001 of the Farm 
     Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).''.
       (b) Low-dose Radiation Research Program.--Paragraph (8) of 
     subsection (e) of section 306 of the Department of Energy 
     Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as 
     redesignated by subsection (a)(2), is amended--
       (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'';
       (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting a semicolon; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(E) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(F) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(G) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''.
       (c) Low-dose Radiation and Space Radiation Research 
     Program.--Subsection (f) of section 306 of the Department of 
     Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as 
     redesignated by subsection (a)(2), is amended to read as 
     follows:
       ``(f) Low-dose Radiation and Space Radiation Research 
     Program.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
     Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration, shall carry out a basic research program on 
     the similarities and differences between the effects of 
     exposure to low-dose radiation on Earth, in low Earth orbit, 
     and in the space environment.
       ``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the program described in 
     paragraph (1) is to accelerate breakthroughs in low-dose and 
     low dose-rate radiation research and development as described 
     in subsection (e) and to inform the advancement of new tools, 
     technologies, and advanced materials needed to facilitate 
     long-duration space exploration.''.
       (d) Climate, Environmental Science, and Other Activities.--
     Section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) (as amended by subsection 
     (a)) is amended by inserting after subsection (f) the 
     following:
       ``(g) Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences 
     Activities.--
       ``(1) In general.--As part of the activities authorized 
     under subsection (a), and in coordination with activities 
     carried out under subsection (b), the Director shall 
     coordinate with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration, the National Science Foundation, the 
     Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration, the Department of Agriculture, the 
     Department of the Interior, and any other relevant agencies 
     to carry out activities relating to Earth and environmental 
     systems science research, which may include activities--
       ``(A) to understand, observe, measure, and model the 
     response of Earth's atmosphere and biosphere to changing 
     concentrations of greenhouse gas emissions and any associated 
     changes in climate, including frequency and intensity of 
     extreme weather events;
       ``(B) to understand the coupled physical, chemical, and 
     biological processes to transform, immobilize, remove, or 
     move carbon, nitrogen, and other energy production-derived 
     contaminants such as radionuclides and heavy metals, and 
     understand the process of sequestration and transformation of 
     these, carbon dioxide, and other relevant molecules in 
     subsurface environments;
       ``(C) to understand, observe, and model the cycling of 
     water, carbon, and nutrients in terrestrial systems across 
     spatiotemporal scales;
       ``(D) to understand the biological, biogeochemical, and 
     physical processes across the multiple scales that control 
     the flux of environmentally relevant compounds between the 
     terrestrial surface and the atmosphere; and
       ``(E) to understand and predict interactions among natural 
     and human systems to inform potential mitigation and 
     adaptation options for increased concentrations of greenhouse 
     gas emissions and any associated changes in climate.
       ``(2) Prioritization.--In carrying out the program 
     authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall 
     prioritize--
       ``(A) the development of software and algorithms to enable 
     the productive application of environmental systems and 
     extreme weather in climate and Earth system prediction models 
     in high-performance computing systems; and
       ``(B) capabilities that support the Department's mission 
     needs for energy and infrastructure security, resilience, and 
     reliability.
       ``(3) Environmental systems science research.--
       ``(A) In general.--As part of the activities described in 
     paragraph (1), the Director shall carry out research to 
     advance an integrated, robust, and scale-aware predictive 
     understanding of environmental systems, including the role of 
     hydrobiogeochemistry, from the subsurface to the top of the 
     vegetative canopy that considers effects of seasonal to 
     interannual variability and change.
       ``(B) Clean water and watershed research.--As part of the 
     activities described in subparagraph (A), the Director 
     shall--
       ``(i) support interdisciplinary research to significantly 
     advance our understanding of water availability, quality, and 
     the impact of human activity and a changing climate on urban 
     and rural watershed systems, including in freshwater 
     environments;
       ``(ii) consult with the Interagency Research, Development, 
     and Demonstration Coordination Committee on the Nexus of 
     Energy and Water for Sustainability established under section 
     1010 of the Energy Act of 2020 (Public Law 116-260) on 
     energy-water nexus research activities;
       ``(iii) engage with representatives of research and 
     academic institutions, nonprofit organizations, State, 
     territorial, local, and Tribal governments, and industry, who 
     have expertise in technologies, technological innovations, or 
     practices relating to the energy-water nexus, as applicable; 
     and
       ``(iv) coordinate with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration, the National Science Foundation, the 
     Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration, the Department of Agriculture, the 
     Department of the Interior, and any other relevant agency.
       ``(C) Coordination.--
       ``(i) Director.--The Director shall carry out activities 
     under this paragraph in accordance with priorities 
     established by the Secretary to support and accelerate the 
     decontamination of relevant facilities managed by the 
     Department.
       ``(ii) Secretary.--The Secretary shall ensure the 
     coordination of activities of the Department, including 
     activities under this paragraph, to support and accelerate 
     the decontamination of relevant facilities managed by the 
     Department.
       ``(4) Climate and earth modeling.--As part of the 
     activities described in paragraph (1), the Director, in 
     collaboration with the Advanced Scientific Computing Research 
     program described in section 304 and other programs carried 
     out by the Department, as applicable, and in coordination 
     with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the 
     National Science Foundation, the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration, and other relevant agencies, shall 
     carry out research to develop, evaluate, and use high-
     resolution regional climate, global climate, Earth system, 
     and other relevant models to inform decisions on reducing 
     greenhouse gas emissions and the resulting impacts of a 
     changing global climate. Such modeling shall include--
       ``(A) integrated capabilities for modeling multisectoral 
     interactions, including the impacts of climate policies on 
     human systems and the interdependencies and risks at the 
     energy-water-land nexus;
       ``(B) greenhouse gas emissions, air quality, energy supply 
     and demand, and other critical elements; and
       ``(C) interaction among human and Earth systems informed by 
     interdisciplinary research, including the economic and social 
     sciences.
       ``(5) Midscale funding mechanism.--
       ``(A) In general.--Any of the activities authorized in this 
     subsection may be carried out, in lieu of individual research 
     grants--
       ``(i) by competitively selected midscale, multi-
     institutional research centers;
       ``(ii) by large-scale experiments or user facilities; or
       ``(iii) through existing facilities and systems of the 
     Department or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration.
       ``(B) Consideration.--The Biological and Environmental 
     Research Advisory Committee shall provide recommendations to 
     the Director on projects most suitable for the research 
     centers described in subparagraph (A).
       ``(6) Atmospheric systems and sciences research program.--
       ``(A) In general.--As part of the activities carried out 
     under paragraph (1), the Director shall carry out a program, 
     to be known as the `Atmospheric Systems and Sciences Research 
     Program', to use observations to improve understanding of 
     atmospheric processes, under which the Director, in 
     coordination, and as appropriate, collaboration, with the 
     National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other 
     relevant Federal agencies conducting research under the 
     topics described in this subparagraph, shall conduct research 
     relating to--
       ``(i) better understanding the atmosphere and the 
     interaction of the atmosphere with the surface of the Earth;
       ``(ii) understanding sources of uncertainty in Earth system 
     models, including with respect to the interdependence of 
     clouds, atmospheric aerosols, radiation processes, and 
     precipitation;
       ``(iii) understanding the radiative balance and 
     hydrological cycle of Earth;
       ``(iv) demonstrating the improved predictability of 
     regional and global atmospheric models due to improved 
     process-level understanding;
       ``(v) atmospheric regimes with large uncertainties in earth 
     system prediction, aerosol processes, warm boundary-layer 
     processes, convective processes, and high-latitude processes;
       ``(vi) reduced uncertainty and improved simulation 
     capability of earth system models of the atmospheric system 
     in a holistic, comprehensive fashion; and

[[Page S3405]]

       ``(vii) understanding and modeling representation of 
     priority research areas, including aerosol, warm boundary 
     layer, convective, and high-latitude processes.
       ``(B) Activities.--In carrying out the Atmospheric Systems 
     and Sciences Research Program, the Director shall, in 
     coordination, and as appropriate, in collaboration, with 
     other relevant Federal agencies--
       ``(i) collect data and conduct research to advance 
     atmospheric and Earth system modeling capabilities;
       ``(ii) develop or participate in existing or future 
     integrated, scalable test-beds that--

       ``(I) incorporate process-level understanding of the life 
     cycles of aerosols, clouds, and precipitation; and
       ``(II) can be incorporated into other models;

       ``(iii) improve data, analysis, and prediction systems in 
     marine, littoral, terrestrial, and arctic environments, 
     including those environments sensitive to changes in the 
     climate, relating to the energy and science mission of the 
     Department; and
       ``(iv) support the development of technologies relating 
     to--

       ``(I) more accurate cloud, aerosol, and other atmospheric 
     sensors;
       ``(II) observing sensor networks; and
       ``(III) computational predictive modeling.

       ``(C) Use of atmospheric radiation measurement program 
     facilities and infrastructure.--To support the Atmospheric 
     Systems and Sciences Research Program and, in coordination, 
     and as appropriate, in collaboration, with the National 
     Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other relevant 
     Federal agencies, to improve fundamental understanding of the 
     physical and chemical processes that impact the formation, 
     life cycle, and radiative impacts of cloud and aerosol 
     particles, atmospheric processes, and surface or subsurface 
     phenomena, the Director shall use the facilities and 
     infrastructure of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement User 
     Facility, the Global Monitoring Laboratory of the National 
     Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or other Earth and 
     Environmental Systems Sciences User Facilities--
       ``(i) to provide support to environmental scientists by 
     collecting high-quality and well-characterized in-situ, 
     remote-sensing, and aircraft observations of--

       ``(I) the microphysical properties of clouds and 
     atmospheric aerosols;
       ``(II) the coincident and highly detailed dynamical and 
     thermodynamic properties of the atmospheric environment that 
     contains those clouds and aerosols;
       ``(III) the properties of precipitation;
       ``(IV) the properties of radiation and the background 
     environment; and
       ``(V) the properties of surface or subsurface phenomena;

       ``(ii) to carry out laboratory studies and ground-based and 
     airborne field campaigns to target specific atmospheric and 
     surface or subsurface processes relating to the energy and 
     science mission of the Department in different locations and 
     across a range of environments, including by developing 
     technologies to assist in advancing predictive capabilities;
       ``(iii) to build data sets that can be incorporated into 
     atmospheric models; and
       ``(iv) to enhance observations by using modeling and 
     simulations that test the accuracy of climate model 
     parameterizations.
       ``(h) Biological and Environmental Research User 
     Facilities.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program 
     for the development, construction, operation, and maintenance 
     of user facilities to enhance the collection and analysis of 
     observational data related to complex biological, climate, 
     and environmental systems.
       ``(2) Selection.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Director shall select user 
     facilities under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-
     reviewed basis.
       ``(B) Applicants.--In selecting user facilities under 
     paragraph (1), the Director shall consider applications from 
     the National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, 
     multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate 
     entities.
       ``(3) Facility requirements.--To the maximum extent 
     practicable, the user facilities developed, constructed, 
     operated, or maintained under paragraph (1) shall include--
       ``(A) distributed field research and observation platforms 
     for understanding earth system processes;
       ``(B) analytical techniques, instruments, and modeling 
     resources, including high-throughput molecular phenotyping, 
     for understanding and predicting the functional processes of 
     biological and environmental systems;
       ``(C) integrated high-throughput sequencing, advanced 
     bioanalytic techniques, DNA design and synthesis, 
     metabolomics, and computational analysis; and
       ``(D) such other facilities as the Director considers 
     appropriate, consistent with section 209 of the Department of 
     Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139).
       ``(4) Existing facilities.--In carrying out the program 
     established under paragraph (1), the Director is encouraged 
     to evaluate the capabilities of existing user facilities and, 
     to the maximum extent practicable, invest in modernization of 
     those capabilities to address emerging research priorities.
       ``(5) Earth and environmental systems sciences user 
     facilities.--In carrying out the program established under 
     paragraph (1), the Director shall operate at least 1 user 
     facility to advance the collection, validation, and analysis 
     of atmospheric data, including through activities--
       ``(A) to advance knowledge of the Earth and environmental 
     systems and improve model representations; and
       ``(B) to measure the impact of atmospheric gases, aerosols, 
     and clouds on the Earth and environmental systems.
       ``(6) Microbial molecular phenotyping capability project.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
     expansion of the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, 
     or subsequent facility successor, to advance high-throughput 
     microbial plant and molecular phenotyping capability to 
     accelerate discovery of new protein functions and metabolic 
     pathways in microbial systems.
       ``(B) Capabilities.--In carrying out subparagraph (A), the 
     Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities:
       ``(i) Coupled high-throughput autonomous experimental and 
     multimodal analytical capabilities.
       ``(ii) Direct integration of automated multiomics analyses, 
     biomolecular and cellular imaging, and functional biological 
     assays with high-throughput microbial culturing and 
     cultivation capabilities at timescales relevant to biological 
     processes under natural and perturbed environmental 
     conditions.
       ``(C) Data coordination.--In carrying out subparagraph (A), 
     the Secretary shall ensure integration and coordination with 
     existing data platforms and user facilities of the 
     Department.
       ``(D) Start of operations.--Subject to the availability of 
     appropriations, the Secretary shall begin carrying out 
     subparagraph (A) not later than September 29, 2027.
       ``(E) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (k) for a fiscal year, there are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this 
     paragraph--
       ``(i) $550,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(ii) $29,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(iii) $32,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(iv) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(v) $27,500,000 for fiscal year 2027.
       ``(7) User facilities integration and collaboration 
     program.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Director shall support a program of 
     collaboration between user facilities to encourage and enable 
     researchers to more readily integrate the tools, expertise, 
     resources, and capabilities of multiple Office of Science 
     user facilities (as described in subsection (d) of section 
     209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 
     7139)) to further research and advance emerging technologies.
       ``(B) Activities.--The program shall advance the 
     integration of automation, robotics, computational biology, 
     bioinformatics, biosensing, cellular platforms and other 
     relevant emerging technologies as determined by the Director 
     to enhance productivity and scientific impact of user 
     facilities.
       ``(8) Coordination.--In carrying out the program authorized 
     under paragraph (1), the Director shall ensure that the 
     Office of Science coordinates with--
       ``(A) the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, the 
     Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration, the Department of Agriculture, the 
     Department of the Interior, and any other relevant Federal 
     agency on the collection, validation, and analysis of 
     atmospheric data; and
       ``(B) relevant stakeholders, including institutions of 
     higher education, nonprofit research institutions, industry, 
     State, territorial, local, and Tribal governments, and other 
     appropriate entities to ensure access to the best available 
     relevant atmospheric and historical weather data.
       ``(i) Terrestrial-aquatic Interface Research Initiative.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a research 
     program to enhance the understanding of terrestrial-aquatic 
     interface. In carrying out the program, the Director shall 
     prioritize efforts to enhance the collection of observational 
     data, and shall develop models to analyze the natural and 
     human processes that interact in littoral zones.
       ``(2) Littoral data collection system.--The Director shall 
     establish an integrated system of geographically diverse 
     field research sites in order to improve the scientific 
     understanding and predictability of the major land water 
     interfaces of the United States through improved data 
     quantity and quality, including in--
       ``(A) the Great Lakes region;
       ``(B) the Pacific coast;
       ``(C) the Atlantic coast;
       ``(D) the Arctic;
       ``(E) the Gulf coast; and
       ``(F) the coasts of United States territories and freely 
     associated States.
       ``(3) Existing infrastructure.--In carrying out the 
     programs and establishing the field research sites under 
     paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary shall leverage existing 
     research and development infrastructure supported by the 
     Department, including the Department's existing marine and 
     coastal research lab.
       ``(4) Coordination.--For the purposes of carrying out the 
     programs and establishing the field research sites under 
     paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary may enter into 
     agreements with Federal departments and agencies with 
     complementary capabilities, including the National Oceanic 
     and Atmospheric Administration and any other relevant Federal 
     agency as appropriate.

[[Page S3406]]

       ``(5) Report.--Not earlier than 2 years after the date of 
     enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
     Innovation Act, the Director shall provide to the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Natural 
     Resources, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House 
     of Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, 
     a report examining whether the system described in paragraph 
     (2) should be established as a National User Facility within 
     the Department or as a research facility within another 
     Federal agency.
       ``(6) Interoperability.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that 
     activities carried out under paragraphs (1) and (2), 
     including observation, data collection, monitoring, and model 
     development and enhancements, are interoperable and may be 
     integrated with existing related systems at the National 
     Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other relevant 
     Federal agencies, as practicable.
       ``(B) Resources.--In carrying out subparagraph (A), in 
     support of interoperability, as practicable, the Director may 
     make available to other Federal agencies high performance 
     computing resources.
       ``(C) NOAA.--The National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration shall integrate the data collected under the 
     programs carried out under paragraphs (1) and (2) into 
     relevant data systems and models, as practicable.
       ``(j) Engineered Ecosystems Initiative.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
     Biological and Environmental Research program an initiative 
     focused on the development of engineered ecosystems through 
     the application of artificial intelligence, novel sensing 
     capabilities, and other emerging technologies.
       ``(2) Interagency coordination.--The Secretary shall 
     coordinate with the Director of the National Science 
     Foundation, the Administrator of the National Oceanic and 
     Atmospheric Administration, the Director of the U.S. 
     Geological Survey, the Secretary of Agriculture, and other 
     relevant officials to avoid duplication of research and 
     observational activities and to ensure that activities 
     carried out under the initiative established under paragraph 
     (1) are complimentary to activities being undertaken by other 
     agencies.
       ``(3) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
     Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate a report on the activity authorized 
     under this subsection.
       ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
     fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary to carry out the activities described in this 
     section--
       ``(1) $885,420,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $946,745,200 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $1,001,149,912 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $1,068,818,907 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $1,129,948,041 for fiscal year 2027.''.
       (e) Bioenergy Research Centers.--Section 977 of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317) is amended by striking 
     subsection (f) and inserting the following:
       ``(f) Bioenergy Research Centers.--
       ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the program under 
     section 306(a) of the Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644(a)), the Director shall 
     support up to 6 bioenergy research centers to conduct 
     fundamental research in plant and microbial systems biology, 
     biological imaging and analysis, and genomics, and to 
     accelerate advanced research and development of advanced 
     biofuels, bioenergy or biobased materials, chemicals, and 
     products that are produced from a variety of regionally 
     diverse feedstocks, and to facilitate the translation of 
     research results to industry. The activities of the centers 
     authorized under this subsection may include--
       ``(A) accelerating the domestication of bioenergy-relevant 
     plants, microbes, and associated microbial communities to 
     enable high-impact, value-added coproduct development at 
     multiple points in the bioenergy supply chain;
       ``(B) developing the science and technological advances to 
     ensure process sustainability is considered in the creation 
     of advanced biofuels and bioproducts from lignocellulosic 
     biomass; and
       ``(C) using the latest tools in genomics, molecular 
     biology, catalysis science, chemical engineering, systems 
     biology, and computational and robotics technologies to 
     sustainably produce and transform biomass into advanced 
     biofuels and bioproducts.
       ``(2) Selection and duration.--
       ``(A) In general.--A center established under paragraph (1) 
     shall be selected on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis for 
     a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the 
     availability of appropriations, beginning on the date of 
     establishment of that center.
       ``(B) Applications.--The Director shall consider 
     applications from National Laboratories, multi-institutional 
     collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
       ``(C) Existing centers.--A center already in existence on 
     the date of enactment of the Research and Development, 
     Competition, and Innovation Act may continue to receive 
     support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on 
     the date of establishment of that center.
       ``(D) New centers.--The Director shall select any new 
     center pursuant to paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-
     reviewed basis, with special consideration for applications 
     from an institution of higher education (as defined in 
     section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1001)) that is located in an eligible jurisdiction (as 
     defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 
     1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))).
       ``(3) Renewal.--After the end of the applicable period 
     described in paragraph (2), the Director may renew support 
     for a center for a period of not more than 5 years on a 
     merit-reviewed basis. For a center in operation for 10 years 
     after its previous selection on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
     basis, the Director may renew support for the center on a 
     competitive, merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more 
     than 5 years, and may subsequently provide an additional 
     renewal on a merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more 
     than 5 years.
       ``(4) Activities.--Centers shall undertake research 
     activities to accelerate the production of advanced biofuels 
     and bioproducts from biomass resources by identifying the 
     most suitable species of plants for use as energy crops; and 
     improving methods of breeding, propagation, planting, 
     producing, harvesting, storage and processing. Activities may 
     include the following:
       ``(A) Research activities to increase sustainability, 
     including--
       ``(i) advancing knowledge of how bioenergy crop 
     interactions with biotic and abiotic environmental factors 
     influence crop growth, yield, and quality;
       ``(ii) identifying the most impactful research areas that 
     address the economics of advanced biofuels and bioproducts 
     production; and
       ``(iii) utilizing multiscale modeling to advance predictive 
     understanding of advanced biofuel cropping ecosystems.
       ``(B) Research activities to further feedstock development, 
     including lignocellulosic, algal, gaseous wastes including 
     carbon oxides and methane, and direct air capture of single 
     carbon gases via plants and microbes, including--
       ``(i) developing genetic and genomic tools, high-throughput 
     analytical tools, and biosystems design approaches to enhance 
     bioenergy feedstocks and their associated microbiomes;
       ``(ii) conducting field testing of new potential bioenergy 
     feedstock crops under environmentally benign and 
     geographically diverse conditions to assess viability and 
     robustness; and
       ``(iii) developing quantitative models informed by 
     experimentation to predict how bioenergy feedstocks perform 
     under diverse conditions.
       ``(C) Research activities to improve lignocellulosic 
     deconstruction and separation methods, including--
       ``(i) developing feedstock-agnostic deconstruction 
     processes capable of efficiently fractionating biomass into 
     targeted output streams;
       ``(ii) gaining a detailed understanding of plant cell wall 
     biosynthesis, composition, structure, and properties during 
     deconstruction; and
       ``(iii) improving enzymes and approaches for biomass 
     breakdown and cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin 
     processing.
       ``(D) Research activities to improve the feedstock 
     conversion process for advanced biofuels and bioproducts, 
     including--
       ``(i) developing high-throughput methods to screen or 
     select high-performance microbial strains and communities to 
     improve product formation rates, yields, and selectivity;
       ``(ii) establishing a broad set of platform microorganisms 
     and microbial communities suitable for metabolic engineering 
     to produce advanced biofuels and bioproducts and high-
     throughput methods for experimental validation of gene 
     function;
       ``(iii) developing techniques to enhance microbial 
     robustness for tolerating toxins to improve advanced biofuel 
     and bioproduct yields and to gain a better understanding of 
     the cellular and molecular bases of tolerance for major 
     chemical classes of inhibitors found in these processes;
       ``(iv) advancing technologies for the use of batch, 
     continuous, and consolidated bioprocessing;
       ``(v) identifying, creating, and optimizing microbial and 
     chemical pathways to produce promising, atom-economical 
     intermediates and final bioproducts from biomass with 
     considerations given to environmentally benign processes;
       ``(vi) developing high-throughput, real-time, in situ 
     analytical techniques to understand and characterize the pre- 
     and post-bioproduct separation streams in detail;
       ``(vii) creating methodologies for efficiently identifying 
     viable target molecules, identifying high-value bioproducts 
     in existing biomass streams, and utilizing current byproduct 
     streams;
       ``(viii) identifying and improving plant feedstocks with 
     enhanced extractable levels of desired bioproducts or 
     bioproduct precursors, including lignin streams; and
       ``(ix) developing integrated biological and chemical 
     catalytic approaches to valorize and produce a diverse 
     portfolio of advanced biofuels and bioproducts.
       ``(5) Industry partnerships.--Centers shall establish 
     industry partnerships to translate research results to 
     commercial applications.

[[Page S3407]]

       ``(6) Coordination.--In coordination with the Bioenergy 
     Technologies Office of the Department, the Secretary shall 
     support interdisciplinary research activities to improve the 
     capacity, efficiency, resilience, security, reliability, and 
     affordability, of the production and use of advanced biofuels 
     and bioproducts, as well as activities to enable positive 
     impacts and avoid the potential negative impacts that the 
     production and use of advanced biofuels and bioproducts may 
     have on ecosystems, people, and historically marginalized 
     communities.
       ``(7) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (k) of section 306 of the Department of 
     Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) for a 
     fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary to carry out this subsection $30,000,000 per center 
     established under paragraph (1) for each of fiscal years 2023 
     through 2027.
       ``(8) Definitions.--In this subsection:
       ``(A) Advanced biofuel.--The term `advanced biofuel' has 
     the meaning given the term in section 9001 of the Farm 
     Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).
       ``(B) Bioenergy.--The term `bioenergy' means energy derived 
     from biofuels.
       ``(C) Biomass.--The term `biomass' has the meaning given 
     the term in section 203(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 
     (42 U.S.C. 15852(b)).
       ``(D) Bioproduct.--The term `bioproduct' has the meaning 
     given the term `biobased product' in section 9001 of the Farm 
     Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).''.

     SEC. 10104. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

       (a) Advanced Scientific Computing Research.--Section 304 of 
     the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 
     U.S.C. 18642) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (c) as 
     subsections (b) through (d), respectively;
       (2) by inserting before subsection (b), as so redesignated, 
     the following:
       ``(a) In General.--As part of the activities authorized 
     under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out, in 
     coordination with academia and relevant public and private 
     sector entities, a research, development, and demonstration 
     program--
       ``(1) to steward applied mathematics, computational 
     science, and computer science research relevant to the 
     missions of the Department and the competitiveness of the 
     United States;
       ``(2) to develop modeling, simulation, and other 
     computational tools relevant to other scientific disciplines 
     and to the development of new energy technologies and other 
     technologies;
       ``(3) to advance computing and networking capabilities for 
     data-driven discovery; and
       ``(4) to develop advanced scientific computing hardware and 
     software tools for science and engineering.'';
       (3) in subsection (c), as so redesignated--
       (A) by striking ``The Director'' and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(1) Director.--The Director''; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(2) Coordination.--The Under Secretary for Science shall 
     ensure the coordination of the activities of the Department, 
     including activities under this section, to determine and 
     meet the computational and networking research and facility 
     needs of the Office of Science and all other relevant energy 
     technology and energy efficiency programs within the 
     Department and with other Federal agencies as appropriate.'';
       (4) by amending subsection (d), as so redesignated, to read 
     as follows:
       ``(d) Applied Mathematics and Software Development for 
     High-End Computing Systems and Computer Sciences Research.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out activities 
     to develop, test, and support--
       ``(A) mathematics, statistics, and algorithms for modeling 
     complex systems relevant to the missions of the Department, 
     including on advanced computing architectures; and
       ``(B) tools, languages, programming environments, and 
     operations for high-end computing systems (as defined in 
     section 2 of the American Super Computing Leadership Act of 
     2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541)).
       ``(2) Portfolio balance.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Director shall maintain a balanced 
     portfolio within the advanced scientific computing research 
     and development program established under section 976 of the 
     Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316) that supports 
     robust investment in--
       ``(i) applied mathematical, computational, and computer 
     sciences research needs relevant to the mission of the 
     Department, including foundational areas that are critical to 
     the advancement of energy sciences and technologies and new 
     and emerging computing technologies; and
       ``(ii) associated high-performance computing hardware and 
     facilities.
       ``(B) Exascale ecosystem sustainment.--
       ``(i) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
     the Exascale Computing Project has successfully created a 
     broad ecosystem that provides shared software packages, novel 
     evaluation systems, and applications relevant to the science 
     and engineering requirements of the Department, and that such 
     products must be maintained and improved in order that the 
     full potential of the deployed systems can be continuously 
     realized.
       ``(ii) Sustainment.--The Secretary shall seek to sustain 
     and evolve the ecosystem described in clause (i) to ensure 
     that the exascale software stack and other research software 
     will continue to be maintained, hardened, and otherwise 
     optimized for long-term use on exascale systems and beyond 
     and reliable availability to the user community.''; and
       (5) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(e) Advanced Computing Program.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program 
     to develop and implement a strategy for achieving computing 
     systems with capabilities beyond exascale computing systems. 
     In establishing this program, the Secretary shall--
       ``(A) maintain foundational research programs in 
     mathematical, computational, and computer sciences focused on 
     new and emerging computing needs within the mission of the 
     Department, including post-Moore's law computing 
     architectures, novel approaches to modeling and simulation, 
     artificial intelligence and scientific machine learning, 
     quantum computing, edge computing, extreme heterogeneity, 
     including potential quantum accelerators, and distributed 
     high-performance computing;
       ``(B) retain best practices and maintain support for 
     essential hardware, applications, and software elements of 
     the Exascale Computing Program that are necessary for 
     sustaining the vitality of a long-term capable software 
     ecosystem for exascale and beyond; and
       ``(C) develop a Department-wide strategy for balancing on-
     premises and cloud-based computing and scientific data 
     management.
       ``(2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
     Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate a report on the development and 
     implementation of the strategy described in paragraph (1).
       ``(f) Guidance on Mitigation of Bias in High-performance 
     Computing Capabilities.--In leveraging high-performance 
     computing systems for research purposes, including through 
     the use of machine learning algorithms for data analysis and 
     artificial intelligence, the Secretary shall issue, and 
     ensure adherence to, guidance for the Department, the 
     National Laboratories, and users as to how those capabilities 
     should be employed in a manner that mitigates and, to the 
     maximum extent practicable, avoids harmful algorithmic bias.
       ``(g) Architectural Research in Heterogeneous Computing 
     Systems.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program 
     of research and development in heterogeneous and 
     reconfigurable computing systems to expand understanding of 
     the potential for heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing 
     systems to deliver high performance, high efficiency 
     computing for Department mission challenges. The program 
     shall include research and development that explores the 
     convergence of big data analytics, simulations, and 
     artificial intelligence to drive the design of heterogeneous 
     computing system architectures.
       ``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program described 
     in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure coordination 
     between research activities undertaken by the Advanced 
     Scientific Computing Research program and materials research 
     supported by the Basic Energy Sciences program within the 
     Office of Science.
       ``(h) Energy Efficient Computing Program.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support a program of 
     fundamental research, development, and demonstration of 
     energy efficient computing and data center technologies 
     relevant to advanced computing applications, including high-
     performance computing, artificial intelligence, and 
     scientific machine learning.
       ``(2) Execution.--
       ``(A) Program.--In carrying out the program under paragraph 
     (1), the Secretary shall--
       ``(i) establish a partnership for National Laboratories, 
     industry partners, and institutions of higher education for 
     codesign of energy efficient hardware, technology, software, 
     and applications across all applicable program offices of the 
     Department, and provide access to energy efficient computing 
     resources to such partners;
       ``(ii) develop hardware and software technologies that 
     decrease the energy needs of advanced computing practices, 
     including through data center codesign;
       ``(iii) consider multiple heterogeneous computing 
     architectures in collaboration with the program established 
     under subsection (g), including neuromorphic computing, 
     persistent computing, and ultrafast networking; and
       ``(iv) provide, as appropriate, on a competitive, merit-
     reviewed basis, access for researchers from institutions of 
     higher education, National Laboratories, industry, and other 
     Federal agencies to the energy efficient computing 
     technologies developed pursuant to clause (i).
       ``(B) Selection of partners.--In selecting participants for 
     the partnership established under subparagraph (A)(i), the 
     Secretary shall select participants through a competitive, 
     merit review process.

[[Page S3408]]

       ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
     Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate a report on--
       ``(i) the activities conducted under subparagraph (A); and
       ``(ii) the coordination and management of the program under 
     subparagraph (A) to ensure an integrated research program 
     across the Department.
       ``(i) Energy Sciences Network.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for upgrades 
     to the Energy Sciences Network user facility in order to meet 
     the research needs of the Department for highly reliable data 
     transport capabilities optimized for the requirements of 
     large-scale science.
       ``(2) Capabilities.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the 
     Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities:
       ``(A) To provide high bandwidth scientific networking 
     across the continental United States and the Atlantic Ocean.
       ``(B) To ensure network reliability.
       ``(C) To protect the network infrastructure from 
     cyberattacks.
       ``(D) To manage transport of exponentially increasing 
     levels of data from the Department's National Laboratories 
     and sites, user facilities, experiments, and sensors.
       ``(E) To contribute to the integration of heterogeneous 
     computing frameworks and systems.
       ``(j) Computational Science Graduate Fellowship.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support the 
     Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program in order to 
     facilitate collaboration between graduate students and 
     researchers at the National Laboratories, and contribute to 
     the development of a diverse and inclusive computational 
     workforce to help advance research in all areas of 
     computational science relevant to the mission of the 
     Department, including quantum computing.
       ``(2) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for the Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program, there 
     are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for 
     carrying out activities under this subsection--
       ``(A) $15,750,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(B) $16,537,500 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(C) $17,364,375 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(D) $18,232,594 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(E) $19,144,223 for fiscal year 2027.
       ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
     fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary to carry out the activities described in this 
     section--
       ``(1) $1,126,950,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $1,194,109,500 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $1,265,275,695 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $1,340,687,843 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $1,420,599,500 for fiscal year 2027.''.
       (b) Quantum Science Network.--
       (1) Definitions.--Section 2 of the National Quantum 
     Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) is amended--
       (A) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (8); and
       (B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
       ``(7) Quantum network infrastructure.--The term `quantum 
     network infrastructure' means any facility, expertise, or 
     capability that is necessary to enable the development and 
     deployment of scalable and diverse quantum network 
     technologies.''.
       (2) Department of energy quantum network infrastructure 
     research and development program.--
       (A) In general.--Title IV of the National Quantum 
     Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8851 et seq.) is amended by adding 
     at the end the following:

     ``SEC. 403. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM NETWORK 
                   INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
                   PROGRAM.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in 
     this section as the `Secretary') shall carry out a research, 
     development, and demonstration program to accelerate 
     innovation in quantum network infrastructure in order to--
       ``(1) facilitate the advancement of distributed quantum 
     computing systems through the internet and intranet;
       ``(2) improve the precision of measurements of scientific 
     phenomena and physical imaging technologies;
       ``(3) develop secure national quantum communications 
     technologies and strategies;
       ``(4) demonstrate quantum networking utilizing the 
     Department of Energy's Energy Sciences Network User Facility; 
     and
       ``(5) advance the relevant domestic supply chains, 
     manufacturing capabilities, and associated simulations or 
     modeling capabilities.
       ``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary 
     shall--
       ``(1) coordinate with--
       ``(A) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
       ``(B) the Director of the National Institute of Standards 
     and Technology;
       ``(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum Information 
     Science of the National Science and Technology Council 
     established under section 103(a); and
       ``(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic and 
     Security Implications of Quantum Science;
       ``(2) conduct cooperative research with industry, National 
     Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and other 
     research institutions to facilitate new quantum 
     infrastructure methods and technologies, including--
       ``(A) quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low loss optical 
     channels, space-to-ground connections, and classical 
     networking and cybersecurity protocols;
       ``(B) entanglement and hyper-entangled state sources and 
     transmission, control, and measurement of quantum states;
       ``(C) quantum interconnects that allow short range local 
     connections between quantum processors;
       ``(D) transducers for quantum sources and signals between 
     optical wavelength regimes, including telecommunications 
     regimes and quantum computer-relevant domains, including 
     microwaves;
       ``(E) development of quantum memory buffers and small-scale 
     quantum computers that are compatible with photon-based 
     quantum bits in the optical or telecommunications 
     wavelengths;
       ``(F) long-range entanglement distribution, including 
     allowing entanglement-based protocols between small- and 
     large scale quantum processors, at the terrestrial and space-
     based level using quantum repeaters and optical or laser 
     communications;
       ``(G) quantum routers, multiplexers, repeaters, and related 
     technologies necessary to create secure long-distance quantum 
     communication; and
       ``(H) integration of systems across the quantum technology 
     stack into traditional computing networks, including the 
     development of remote controlled, high-performance, and 
     reliable implementations of key quantum network components by 
     leveraging the expertise, infrastructure and supplemental 
     investments at the National Laboratories in the Energy 
     Sciences Network User Facility;
       ``(3) engage with the Quantum Economic Development 
     Consortium and other organizations, as applicable, to 
     transition component technologies to help facilitate as 
     appropriate the development of a quantum supply chain for 
     quantum network technologies;
       ``(4) advance basic research in advanced scientific 
     computing, particle and nuclear physics, and material science 
     to enhance the understanding, prediction, and manipulation of 
     materials, processes, and physical phenomena relevant to 
     quantum network infrastructure;
       ``(5) develop experimental tools and testbeds in 
     collaboration with the Energy Sciences Network User Facility 
     necessary to support cross-cutting fundamental research and 
     development activities with diverse stakeholders from 
     industry, National Laboratories, and institutions of higher 
     education; and
       ``(6) consider quantum network infrastructure applications 
     that span the Department of Energy's missions in energy, 
     environment, and national security.
       ``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the 
     Secretary shall leverage resources, infrastructure, and 
     expertise across the Department of Energy and from--
       ``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
       ``(2) the National Science Foundation;
       ``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
       ``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
       ``(5) the National Laboratories;
       ``(6) industry stakeholders;
       ``(7) institutions of higher education; and
       ``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research 
     Centers.
       ``(d) Research Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     date of enactment of the Research and Development, 
     Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit 
     to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 
     House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and 
     Natural Resources of the Senate a 4-year research plan that 
     identifies and prioritizes basic research needs relating to 
     quantum network infrastructure.
       ``(e) Standard of Review.--The Secretary shall review 
     activities carried out under this section to determine the 
     achievement of technical milestones.
       ``(f) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for the Department of Energy's Office of Science, there is 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     the activities under this section $100,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

     ``SEC. 404. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM USER EXPANSION FOR 
                   SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in 
     this section as the `Secretary') shall establish and carry 
     out a program, to be known as the `Quantum User Expansion for 
     Science and Technology program' or `QUEST program', to 
     encourage and facilitate access to United States quantum 
     computing hardware and quantum computing clouds for research 
     purposes--
       ``(1) to enhance the United States quantum research 
     enterprise;
       ``(2) to educate the future quantum computing workforce;
       ``(3) to accelerate the advancement of United States 
     quantum computing capabilities; and
       ``(4) to advance the relevant domestic supply chains, 
     manufacturing processes, and associated simulations or 
     modeling capabilities.

[[Page S3409]]

       ``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary 
     shall--
       ``(1) coordinate with--
       ``(A) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
       ``(B) the Director of the National Institute of Standards 
     and Technology;
       ``(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum Information 
     Science of the National Science and Technology Council 
     established under section 103(a); and
       ``(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic and 
     Security Implications of Quantum Science;
       ``(2) provide researchers based within the United States 
     with access to, and use of, United States quantum computing 
     resources through a competitive, merit-reviewed process;
       ``(3) consider applications from the National Laboratories, 
     multi-institutional collaborations, institutions of higher 
     education, industry stakeholders, and any other entities that 
     the Secretary determines are appropriate to provide national 
     leadership on quantum computing related issues;
       ``(4) coordinate with private sector stakeholders, the user 
     community, and interagency partners on program development 
     and best management practices; and
       ``(5) to the extent practicable, balance user access to 
     commercial prototypes available for use across a broad class 
     of applications and Federal research prototypes that enable 
     benchmarking a wider variety of early-stage devices.
       ``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the 
     Secretary shall leverage resources and expertise across the 
     Department of Energy and from--
       ``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
       ``(2) the National Science Foundation;
       ``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
       ``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
       ``(5) the National Laboratories;
       ``(6) industry stakeholders;
       ``(7) institutions of higher education; and
       ``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research 
     Centers.
       ``(d) Security.--In carrying out the activities authorized 
     by this section, the Secretary, in consultation with the 
     Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director 
     of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall 
     ensure proper security controls are in place to protect 
     sensitive information, as appropriate.
       ``(e) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for the Department of Energy's Office of Science, there are 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     the activities under this section--
       ``(1) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $31,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $33,075,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $34,728,750 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $36,465,188 for fiscal year 2027.''.
       (B) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section 
     1(b) of the National Quantum Initiative Act (Public Law 115-
     368; 132 Stat. 5092) is amended by inserting after the item 
     relating to section 402 the following:

``Sec. 403. Department of Energy quantum network infrastructure 
              research and development program.
``Sec. 404. Department of Energy quantum user expansion for science and 
              technology program.''.

     SEC. 10105. FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH.

       (a) Fusion Energy Research.--Section 307 of the Department 
     of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is 
     amended--
       (1) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in paragraph (2), by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
     and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, and indenting 
     appropriately;
       (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
     subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
     appropriately;
       (C) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
     redesignated), by striking ``As part of'' and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(1) In general.--As part of''; and
       (D) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated under subsection (q), there is 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     activities described in paragraph (1) $50,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.'';
       (2) in subsection (d)(3)--
       (A) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
       (B) by striking ``subsection (d)'' and inserting ``this 
     subsection''; and
       (C) by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2027'';
       (3) in subsection (e)(4)--
       (A) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
       (B) by striking ``subsection (e)'' and inserting ``this 
     subsection''; and
       (C) by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2027'';
       (4) in subsection (i)(10)--
       (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)--
       (i) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)''; and
       (ii) by striking ``subsection (i)'' and inserting ``this 
     subsection'';
       (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (C) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting a semicolon; and
       (D) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(F) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(G) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
       (5) by striking subsection (j) and inserting the following:
       ``(j) Fusion Reactor System Design.--
       ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
     of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, 
     and Innovation Act, the Director shall establish not less 
     than 2 national teams described in paragraph (2) that shall--
       ``(A) develop conceptual pilot plant designs and technology 
     roadmaps; and
       ``(B) create an engineering design of a pilot plant that 
     will bring fusion to commercial viability.
       ``(2) National teams.--A national team referred to in 
     paragraph (1) shall--
       ``(A) be composed of developers, manufacturers, 
     universities, National Laboratories, and representatives of 
     the engineering, procurement, and construction industries; 
     and
       ``(B) include public-private partnerships.
       ``(3) Authorization of appropriations.--Of the funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for Fusion Energy Sciences in a 
     fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary to carry out this subsection--
       ``(A) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(B) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(C) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(D) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(E) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
       (6) by redesignating subsection (o) as subsection (r);
       (7) by inserting after subsection (n) the following:
       ``(o) High-performance Computation Collaborative Research 
     Program.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program 
     to conduct and support collaborative research, development, 
     and demonstration of fusion energy technologies, through 
     high-performance computation modeling and simulation 
     techniques, in order--
       ``(A) to support fundamental research in plasmas and matter 
     at very high temperatures and densities;
       ``(B) to inform the development of a broad range of fusion 
     energy systems; and
       ``(C) to facilitate the translation of research results in 
     fusion energy science to industry.
       ``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under 
     paragraph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate with relevant 
     Federal agencies, and prioritize the following objectives:
       ``(A) To use expertise from the private sector, 
     institutions of higher education, and the National 
     Laboratories to leverage existing, and develop new, 
     computational software and capabilities that prospective 
     users may use to accelerate research and development of 
     fusion energy systems.
       ``(B) To develop computational tools to simulate and 
     predict fusion energy science phenomena that may be validated 
     through physical experimentation.
       ``(C) To increase the utility of the research 
     infrastructure of the Department by coordinating with the 
     Advanced Scientific Computing Research program within the 
     Office of Science.
       ``(D) To leverage experience from existing modeling and 
     simulation entities sponsored by the Department.
       ``(E) To ensure that new experimental and computational 
     tools are accessible to relevant research communities, 
     including private sector entities engaged in fusion energy 
     technology development.
       ``(F) To ensure that newly developed computational tools 
     are compatible with modern virtual engineering and 
     visualization capabilities to accelerate the realization of 
     fusion energy technologies and systems.
       ``(3) Duplication.--The Secretary shall ensure the 
     coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the 
     activities of the program under paragraph (1) with the 
     activities of--
       ``(A) other research entities of the Department, including 
     the National Laboratories, the Advanced Research Projects 
     Agency--Energy, and the Advanced Scientific Computing 
     Research program within the Office of Science; and
       ``(B) industry.
       ``(4) High-performance computing for fusion innovation 
     center.--
       ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the program under 
     paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, in coordination with the 
     Innovation Network for Fusion Energy, establish and operate a 
     national High-Performance Computing for Fusion Innovation 
     Center (referred to in this paragraph as the `Center'), to 
     support the program under paragraph (1) by providing, to the 
     extent practicable, a centralized entity for 
     multidisciplinary, collaborative, fusion energy research and 
     development through high-performance computing and advanced 
     data analytics technologies and processes.
       ``(B) Eligible entities.--An entity eligible to serve as 
     the Center shall be--
       ``(i) a National Laboratory;
       ``(ii) an institution of higher education;
       ``(iii) a multi-institutional collaboration; or
       ``(iv) any other entity that the Secretary determines to be 
     appropriate.
       ``(C) Application; selection.--
       ``(i) Application.--To be eligible to serve as the Center, 
     an eligible entity shall submit to the Secretary an 
     application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
     information as the Secretary may require.
       ``(ii) Selection.--The Secretary shall select the Center on 
     a competitive, merit-reviewed basis.
       ``(D) Existing activities.--The Center may incorporate 
     existing research activities that

[[Page S3410]]

     are consistent with the program under paragraph (1).
       ``(E) Priorities.--
       ``(i) In general.--The Center shall prioritize activities 
     that utilize expertise and infrastructure from a balance 
     among the private sector, institutions of higher education, 
     and the National Laboratories to enhance existing computation 
     tools and develop new computational software and capabilities 
     to accelerate the commercial application of fusion energy 
     systems.
       ``(ii) Maintenance of resource availability.--The Secretary 
     may enter into contracts with commercial cloud computing 
     providers to ensure that resource availability within the 
     Department is not reduced or disproportionately distributed 
     as a result of Center activities.
       ``(F) Duration.--Subject to subparagraph (G), the Center 
     shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, 
     subject to the availability of appropriations.
       ``(G) Renewal.--On the expiration of the period of support 
     of the Center under subparagraph (F), the Secretary may renew 
     support for the Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a 
     period of not more than 5 years.
       ``(p) Material Plasma Exposure Experiment.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall construct a Material 
     Plasma Exposure Experiment facility as described in the 2020 
     publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory 
     Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'. 
     The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, 
     institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and 
     relevant Federal agencies to ensure that the facility is 
     capable of meeting Federal research needs for steady state, 
     high-heat-flux, and plasma-material interaction testing of 
     fusion materials over a range of fusion energy relevant 
     parameters.
       ``(2) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure 
     that the facility described in paragraph (1) will provide the 
     following capabilities:
       ``(A) A magnetic field at the target of 1 Tesla.
       ``(B) An energy flux at the target of 10 MW/m2.
       ``(C) The ability to expose previously irradiated plasma 
     facing material samples to plasma.
       ``(3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the facility described in paragraph (1) 
     occurs before December 31, 2027.
       ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for Fusion Energy Sciences, there are authorized to be 
     appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Fusion Energy 
     Sciences to complete construction of the facility described 
     in paragraph (1)--
       ``(A) $21,895,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
       ``(B) $3,800,000 for fiscal year 2024.
       ``(q) Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument Upgrade.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
     upgrade to the Matter in Extreme Conditions endstation at the 
     Linac Coherent Light Source as described in the 2020 
     publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory 
     Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'. 
     The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, 
     institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and 
     relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this facility is 
     capable of meeting Federal research needs for understanding 
     physical and chemical changes to plasmas at fundamental 
     timescales, and explore new regimes of dense material 
     physics, astrophysics, planetary physics, and short-pulse 
     laser-plasma interactions.
       ``(2) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the facility described in paragraph (1) 
     occurs before December 31, 2028.''; and
       (8) in subsection (r) (as so redesignated)--
       (A) by striking ``There'' and inserting ``Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
     fiscal year, there''; and
       (B) by striking paragraphs (3) through (5) and inserting 
     the following:
       ``(3) $1,025,500,400 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(4) $1,043,489,724 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(5) $1,053,266,107 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(6) $1,047,962,074 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(7) $1,114,187,798 for fiscal year 2027.''.
       (b) ITER Construction.--Section 972(c)(3) of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312(c)(3)) is amended--
       (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end; 
     and
       (2) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(B) $379,700,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(C) $419,250,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(D) $415,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(E) $370,500,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(F) $411,078,000 for fiscal year 2027.''.

     SEC. 10106. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS PROGRAM.

       (a) Program.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy 
     Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as 
     subsections (d) through (f), respectively; and
       (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
       ``(b) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under 
     section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 
     U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out a research program 
     in elementary particle physics and advanced technology 
     research and development to improve the understanding of the 
     fundamental properties of the universe, including 
     constituents of matter and energy and the nature of space and 
     time.
       ``(c) High Energy Frontier Research.--As part of the 
     program described in subsection (b), the Director shall carry 
     out research using high energy accelerators and advanced 
     detectors, including accelerators and detectors that will 
     function as national user facilities, to create and study 
     interactions of elementary particles and investigate 
     fundamental forces.''.
       (b) International Collaboration.--Section 305 of the 
     Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
     18643) is amended by striking subsection (d) (as redesignated 
     by subsection (a)(1)) and inserting the following:
       ``(d) International Collaboration.--The Director shall--
       ``(1) as practicable and in coordination with other 
     appropriate Federal agencies as necessary, ensure the access 
     of United States researchers to the most advanced accelerator 
     facilities and research capabilities in the world, including 
     the Large Hadron Collider;
       ``(2) to the maximum extent practicable, continue to 
     leverage United States participation in the Large Hadron 
     Collider, and prioritize expanding international partnerships 
     and investments in the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility and 
     Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment; and
       ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize 
     engagement in collaborative efforts in support of future 
     international facilities that would provide access to the 
     most advanced accelerator facilities in the world to United 
     States researchers.''.
       (c) Cosmic Frontier Research.--Section 305 of the 
     Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
     18645) is amended by striking subsection (f) (as redesignated 
     by subsection (a)(1)) and inserting the following:
       ``(f) Cosmic Frontier Research.--The Director shall carry 
     out research activities on the nature of the primary contents 
     of the universe, including the nature of dark energy and dark 
     matter. These activities shall, to the maximum extent 
     practicable, be consistent with the research priorities 
     identified by the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel or the 
     National Academy of Sciences, and may include--
       ``(1) collaborations with the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, or 
     international partners on relevant projects; and
       ``(2) the development of space-based, land-based, water-
     based, and underground facilities and experiments.''.
       (d) Further Activities.--Section 305 of the Department of 
     Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) (as 
     amended by subsection (c)), is amended by adding at the end 
     the following:
       ``(g) Facility Construction and Major Items of Equipment.--
       ``(1) Projects.--Consistent with the Office of Science's 
     project management practices, the Director shall, to the 
     maximum extent practicable, by incorporating the findings and 
     recommendations of the 2014 Particle Physics Project 
     Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for 
     Discovery', support construction or fabrication of--
       ``(A) an international Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility 
     based in the United States;
       ``(B) the Proton Improvement Plan II;
       ``(C) Second Generation Dark Matter experiments;
       ``(D) the Legacy Survey of Space and Time camera;
       ``(E) upgrades to detectors and other components of the 
     Large Hadron Collider; and
       ``(F) the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 project; and
       ``(G) other high priority projects recommended in the most 
     recent report of the Particle Physics Project Prioritization 
     Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel.
       ``(2) Long-baseline neutrino facility.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support construction 
     of a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to facilitate the 
     international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment to examine 
     the fundamental properties of neutrinos, explore physics 
     beyond the Standard Model, and better clarify the existence 
     and nature of antimatter.
       ``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure 
     that the facility described in subparagraph (A) will provide, 
     at a minimum, the following capabilities:
       ``(i) A neutrino beam with wideband capability of 1.2 
     megawatts of beam power and upgradable to 2.4 megawatts of 
     beam power.
       ``(ii) 3 caverns excavated for a 70 kiloton fiducial 
     detector mass and supporting surface buildings and utilities.
       ``(iii) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino detectors.
       ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the facility described in subparagraph (A) 
     occurs before December 31, 2031.
       ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (k), there are authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out construction of the project 
     described in subparagraph (A)--
       ``(i) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(ii) $255,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(iii) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(iv) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(v) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

[[Page S3411]]

       ``(3) Proton improvement plan-ii accelerator upgrade 
     project.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support construction 
     of the Proton Improvement Plan II, an upgrade to the Fermilab 
     accelerator complex identified in the 2014 Particle Physics 
     Project Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled `Building 
     for Discovery', to provide the world's most intense beam of 
     neutrinos to the international Long Baseline Neutrino 
     Facility and to carry out a broad range of future high energy 
     physics experiments. The Secretary shall work with 
     international partners to enable further significant 
     contributions to the capabilities of that project.
       ``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure 
     that the facility described in subparagraph (A) will provide, 
     at a minimum, the following capabilities:
       ``(i) A state-of-the-art 800 megaelectron volt 
     superconducting linear accelerator.
       ``(ii) Proton beam power of 1.2 megawatts at the start of 
     LBNF/DUNE, upgradeable to 2.4 megawatts of beam power.
       ``(iii) A flexible design to enable high power beam 
     delivery to multiple users simultaneously and customized 
     beams tailored to specific scientific needs.
       ``(iv) Sustained high reliability operation of the Fermilab 
     accelerator complex.
       ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the facility described in subparagraph (A) 
     occurs before December 31, 2028.
       ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (k), there are authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out construction of the facility 
     described in subparagraph (A)--
       ``(i) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(ii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(iii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(iv) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(v) $110,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
       ``(4) Cosmic microwave background stage 4.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, in partnership with the 
     Director of the National Science Foundation, shall support 
     construction of the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 
     project to survey the cosmic microwave background to test 
     theories of cosmic inflation as described in the 2014 
     Particle Physics Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled 
     `Building for Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle 
     Physics in the Global Context.'.
       ``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with the 
     private sector, institutions of higher education, National 
     Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that 
     the project described in subparagraph (A) is capable of 
     meeting Federal research needs in accessing the ultra-high 
     energy physics of inflation and important neutrino 
     properties.
       ``(C) Experimental capabilities.--The Secretary shall 
     ensure to the maximum extent practicable that the facility 
     described in subparagraph (A) will provide, at a minimum, 
     500,000 superconducting detectors deployed on an array of 
     millimeter-wave telescopes with the required range in 
     frequency, sensitivity, and survey speed that will provide 
     sufficient capability to enable an order of magnitude advance 
     in observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background, 
     delivering transformative discoveries in fundamental physics, 
     cosmology, and astrophysics.
       ``(D) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the facility described in subparagraph (A) 
     occurs before December 31, 2030.
       ``(E) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (k), there are authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out construction of the facility 
     described in subparagraph (A)--
       ``(i) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(iii) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(v) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
       ``(h) Accelerator and Detector Upgrades.--The Director 
     shall upgrade accelerator facilities and detectors, as 
     necessary and appropriate, to increase beam power, sustain 
     high reliability, and improve precision measurement to 
     advance the highest priority particle physics research 
     programs. In carrying out facility upgrades, the Director 
     shall continue to work with international partners, when 
     appropriate and in the United States' interest, to leverage 
     investments and expertise in critical technologies to help 
     build and upgrade accelerator and detector facilities in the 
     United States.
       ``(i) Accelerator and Detector Research and Development.--
     As part of the program described in subsection (b), the 
     Director shall carry out research and development in particle 
     beam physics, accelerator science and technology, and 
     particle and radiation detection with relevance to the 
     specific needs of the High Energy Physics program, in 
     coordination with the Accelerator Research and Development 
     program authorized under section 310.
       ``(j) Underground Science.--The Director shall--
       ``(1) support an underground science program consistent 
     with the missions of the Department and the scientific needs 
     of the High Energy Physics program, including those 
     articulated in the most recent report of the Particle Physics 
     Project Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics 
     Advisory Panel, that leverages the capabilities of relevant 
     underground science and engineering facilities;
       ``(2) carry out a competitive grant program to award 
     scientists and engineers at institutions of higher education, 
     nonprofit institutions, and National Laboratories to conduct 
     research in underground science and engineering; and
       ``(3) submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, 
     and Technology of the House of Representatives a report on 
     the inventory of underground mines in the United States that 
     may be suitable for future development of underground science 
     and engineering facilities and any anticipated challenges 
     associated with repurposing, repair, facility siting, or 
     construction.
       ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
     fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary to carry out the activities described in this 
     section--
       ``(1) $1,159,520,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $1,289,891,200 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $1,428,284,672 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $1,499,881,752 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $1,554,874,657 for fiscal year 2027.''.

     SEC. 10107. NUCLEAR PHYSICS PROGRAM.

       Section 308 of the Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act (Public Law 115-246; 132 Stat. 3150) is 
     amended to read as follows:

     ``SEC. 308. NUCLEAR PHYSICS.

       ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under 
     section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 
     U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out a research 
     program, and support relevant facilities, to discover and 
     understand various forms of nuclear matter.
       ``(b) Electron Ion Collider.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support construction 
     of an Electron Ion Collider as described in the 2015 Long 
     Range Plan of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee and the 
     report from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, 
     and Medicine entitled `An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-
     Ion Collider Science', in order to measure the internal 
     structure of the proton and the nucleus and answer 
     fundamental questions about the nature of visible matter.
       ``(2) Facility capability.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
     the facility described in paragraph (1) meets the 
     requirements in the 2015 Long Range Plan described in that 
     paragraph, including--
       ``(A) at least 70 percent polarized beams of electrons and 
     light ions;
       ``(B) ion beams from deuterium to the heaviest stable 
     nuclei;
       ``(C) variable center of mass energy from 20 to 140 GeV;
       ``(D) high collision luminosity of 
     1033-34cm-2s-1; and
       ``(E) the possibility of more than 1 interaction region.
       ``(3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
     full operations of the facility under this subsection occurs 
     before December 31, 2030.
       ``(4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under subsection (c), there are authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out construction of the facility 
     under this subsection--
       ``(A) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(B) $181,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(C) $219,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(D) $297,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(E) $301,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
       ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
     fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary to carry out the activities described in this 
     section--
       ``(1) $840,480,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $976,508,800 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $1,062,239,328 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $1,190,833,688 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $1,248,463,709 for fiscal year 2027.''.

     SEC. 10108. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.

       Section 309 of the Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18647) is amended by adding at the 
     end the following:
       ``(c) Approach.--In carrying out the program under 
     subsection (a), the Director shall use all available 
     approaches and mechanisms, as the Secretary determines to be 
     appropriate, including--
       ``(1) capital line items;
       ``(2) minor construction projects;
       ``(3) energy savings performance contracts;
       ``(4) utility energy service contracts;
       ``(5) alternative financing; and
       ``(6) expense funding.
       ``(d) Submission to Congress.--For each fiscal year through 
     fiscal year 2027, at the same time as the annual budget 
     submission of the President, the Secretary shall submit to 
     the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Energy 
     and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on 
     Appropriations and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives a list of projects 
     for which the Secretary will provide funding under this 
     section, including a description of each project and the 
     funding profile for the project.
       ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
     fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the

[[Page S3412]]

     Secretary to carry out the activities described in this 
     section $550,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 
     2027.''.

     SEC. 10109. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

       The Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 
     U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:

     ``SEC. 310. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

       ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under 
     section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 
     U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out a research 
     program--
       ``(1) to advance accelerator science and technology 
     relevant to the Department, other Federal agencies, and 
     United States industry;
       ``(2) to foster partnerships to develop, demonstrate, and 
     enable the commercial application of accelerator 
     technologies;
       ``(3) to support the development of a skilled, diverse, and 
     inclusive accelerator workforce; and
       ``(4) to provide access to accelerator design and 
     engineering resources.
       ``(b) Accelerator Research.--In carrying out the program 
     authorized under subsection (a), the Director shall support--
       ``(1) research activities in cross-cutting accelerator 
     technologies including superconducting magnets and 
     accelerators, beam physics, data analytics-based accelerator 
     controls, simulation software, new particle sources, advanced 
     laser technology, and transformative research; and
       ``(2) optimal operation of the Accelerator Test Facility.
       ``(c) Accelerator Development.--In carrying out the program 
     authorized under subsection (a), the Director shall support 
     partnerships to foster the development, demonstration, and 
     commercial application of accelerator technologies, including 
     advanced superconducting wire and cable, superconducting RF 
     cavities, and high efficiency radiofrequency power sources 
     for accelerators.
       ``(d) Research Collaborations.--In developing accelerator 
     technologies under the program authorized under subsection 
     (a), the Director shall--
       ``(1) consider the requirements necessary to support 
     translational research and development for medical, 
     industrial, security, and defense applications; and
       ``(2) leverage investments in accelerator technologies and 
     fundamental research in particle physics by partnering with 
     institutions of higher education, industry, and other Federal 
     agencies to enable the commercial application of advanced 
     accelerator technologies.
       ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
     fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary to carry out the activities described in this 
     section--
       ``(1) $19,080,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $20,224,800 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $21,438,288 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $22,724,585 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $24,088,060 for fiscal year 2027.''.

     SEC. 10110. ISOTOPE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION.

       (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding 
     after section 310 (as added by section 10109) the following:

     ``SEC. 311. ISOTOPE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION.

       ``(a) Definition of Critical Radioactive and Stable 
     Isotope.--
       ``(1) In general.--In this section, the term `critical 
     radioactive and stable isotope' means a radioactive and 
     stable isotope--
       ``(A) the domestic commercial production of which is 
     unavailable or inadequate to satisfy the demand of research, 
     medical, industrial, or related industries in the United 
     States; and
       ``(B) the supply of which is augmented through--
       ``(i) Department production; or
       ``(ii) foreign suppliers.
       ``(2) Exclusion.--In this section, the term `critical 
     radioactive and stable isotope' does not include the medical 
     isotope molybdenum-99, the production and supply of which is 
     addressed in the American Medical Isotopes Production Act of 
     2012 (Public Law 112-239; 126 Stat. 2211) (including the 
     amendments made by that Act).
       ``(b) Program.--The Director shall--
       ``(1) carry out, in coordination with other relevant 
     programs across the Department, a program--
       ``(A) for the production of critical radioactive and stable 
     isotopes, including the development of techniques to produce 
     isotopes, that the Secretary determines are needed and of 
     sufficient quality and quantity for research, medical, 
     industrial, or related purposes;
       ``(B) for the production of critical radioactive and stable 
     isotopes that are in short supply or projected to be in short 
     supply in the future, including byproducts, surplus 
     materials, and related isotope services;
       ``(C) to maintain and enhance the infrastructure required 
     to produce and supply critical radioactive and stable isotope 
     products and related services;
       ``(D) to conduct research and development on new and 
     improved isotope production and processing techniques that 
     can make critical radioactive and stable isotopes available 
     for research and application as soon as possible while 
     assisting in workforce development;
       ``(E) to reduce domestic dependency on the foreign supply 
     of critical radioactive and stable isotopes to ensure 
     national preparedness; and
       ``(F) to the maximum extent practicable, in accordance 
     with--
       ``(i) evidence-based reports, such as the 2015 report of 
     the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee entitled `Meeting 
     Isotope Needs and Capturing Opportunities for the Future'; 
     and
       ``(ii) assessments of isotope supply chains, including the 
     assessment described in paragraph (3), any reports submitted 
     pursuant to subsection (d), and other current and future 
     assessments;
       ``(2) ensure that isotope production activities carried out 
     under this subsection are consistent with the statement of 
     policy entitled `Policies and Procedures for Transfer of 
     Commercial Radioisotope Production and Distribution to 
     Private Industry' (30 Fed. Reg. 3247 (March 9, 1965));
       ``(3) assess the domestic requirements of current and 
     emerging critical radioactive and stable isotopes and 
     associated applications, including by consulting end-users, 
     to identify areas that may require Federal investment for 
     expedited development of domestic production capacity for 
     those isotopes, including through public-private 
     partnerships, as appropriate;
       ``(4) ensure that actions taken by the Department do not 
     interfere with, delay, compete with, or otherwise adversely 
     affect efforts by the private sector to make available or 
     otherwise facilitate the supply of critical radioactive and 
     stable isotopes, including efforts under existing agreements 
     between the Department or contractors of the Department and 
     the private sector; and
       ``(5) in coordination with the Assistant Secretary for 
     Nuclear Energy, assess options for demonstrating the 
     production of critical radioactive and stable isotopes in 
     research, test, or commercial nuclear reactors and 
     accelerators, including reactors and accelerators operated at 
     universities.
       ``(c) Advisory Committee.--
       ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish an 
     advisory committee (referred to in this subsection as the 
     `committee') in alignment with the program established under 
     subsection (b)--
       ``(A) to carry out the activities previously executed as 
     part of the Isotope Subcommittee of the Nuclear Science 
     Advisory Committee; and
       ``(B) to provide expert advice and assistance to the 
     Director in carrying out that program.
       ``(2) Report.--
       ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
     committee is established, the committee shall--
       ``(i) update the 2015 Nuclear Science Advisory Committee 
     Isotopes Subcommittee Report entitled `Meeting Isotope Needs 
     and Capturing Opportunities for the Future'; and
       ``(ii) periodically update that report thereafter as 
     needed.
       ``(B) Inclusions.--An updated report under subparagraph (A) 
     shall include an assessment of--
       ``(i) current demand in the United States for critical 
     radioactive and stable isotopes;
       ``(ii) the impact of continued reliance on foreign supply 
     of critical radioactive and stable isotopes;
       ``(iii) proposed mitigation strategies, including 
     increasing domestic production sources for critical 
     radioactive and stable isotopes, that--

       ``(I) are not commercially available; or
       ``(II) are commercially produced in quantities that are not 
     sufficient--

       ``(aa) to satisfy domestic demand; and
       ``(bb) to minimize production constraints and supply 
     disruptions to the United States healthcare and industrial 
     isotope industries;
       ``(iv) current facilities, including upgrades to those 
     facilities, and new facilities needed to meet domestic 
     critical isotope needs; and
       ``(v) workforce development needs.
       ``(3) Nonduplication.--The committee shall work in 
     alignment with, and shall not duplicate the efforts of, 
     preexisting advisory committees that are advising the program 
     established under subsection (b).
       ``(4) FACA.--The committee shall be subject to the Federal 
     Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).
       ``(d) Report.--
       ``(1) In general.--Not later than the end of the first 
     fiscal year beginning after the date of enactment of this 
     section, and biennially thereafter, the Secretary of Energy 
     Advisory Board shall submit to the Committees on Energy and 
     Natural Resources and Environment and Public Works of the 
     Senate and the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology 
     and Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a 
     report describing the progress made under the program 
     established under subsection (b) during the preceding 2 
     fiscal years.
       ``(2) Inclusions.--Each report under paragraph (1) shall 
     include--
       ``(A) an updated assessment of any critical radioactive and 
     stable isotope shortages in the United States;
       ``(B) a description of--
       ``(i) any disruptions in the international supply of 
     critical radioactive and stable isotopes during the preceding 
     2 fiscal years; and
       ``(ii) the impact of those disruptions on related 
     activities; and
       ``(C)(i) a projection of anticipated disruptions in the 
     international supply, or supply constraints, of critical 
     radioactive and stable isotopes during the next 2 fiscal 
     years; and

[[Page S3413]]

       ``(ii) the anticipated impact of those disruptions or 
     constraints, as applicable, on related domestic activities.
       ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
     fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary to carry out this section--
       ``(1) $175,708,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $196,056,480 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $215,759,869 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $200,633,461 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $146,293,469 for fiscal year 2027.''.
       (b) Demonstration of Isotope Production.--Section 952(a) of 
     the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16272(a)) is 
     amended--
       (1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (4) and 
     moving the paragraph so as to appear after paragraph (3); and
       (2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
       ``(2) Isotope demonstration evaluation.--
       ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
     Innovation Act, the Secretary, acting through the Assistant 
     Secretary for Nuclear Energy, shall evaluate the technical 
     and economic feasibility of the establishment of an isotope 
     demonstration subprogram of the program established under 
     paragraph (1) to support the development and commercial 
     demonstration of critical radioactive and stable isotope 
     production in existing commercial nuclear power plants.
       ``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary, acting through the 
     Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, shall consult with 
     the Director of the Office of Science in carrying out the 
     evaluation under subparagraph (A).
       ``(C) Definition of critical radioactive and stable 
     isotope.--In this paragraph, the term `critical radioactive 
     and stable isotope' has the meaning given the term in section 
     311(a) of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation 
     Act.''.
       (c) Radioisotope Processing Facility.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in 
     this subsection as ``the Secretary'') shall construct a 
     radioisotope processing facility to provide for the growing 
     radiochemical processing capability needs associated with the 
     production of critical radioactive isotopes authorized under 
     section 311 of the Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act.
       (2) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under section 311(e) of the Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary to carry out this subsection--
       (A) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       (B) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       (C) $105,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       (D) $83,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       (E) $43,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
       (d) Stable Isotope Production and Research Center.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in 
     this subsection as ``the Secretary'') shall establish a 
     stable isotope production and research center--
       (A) to expand the ability of the United States to perform 
     multiple stable isotope production campaigns at large-scale 
     production, as authorized under section 311 of the Department 
     of Energy Research and Innovation Act;
       (B) to mitigate the dependence of the United States on 
     foreign-produced stable isotopes;
       (C) to promote economic resilience; and
       (D) to conduct research and development on stable isotope 
     production and associated methods and technology.
       (2) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under section 311(e) of the Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary to carry out this subsection--
       (A) $74,400,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       (B) $46,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       (C) $31,200,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       (D) $33,300,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       (E) $13,900,000 for fiscal year 2027.

     SEC. 10111. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND 
                   SCIENTISTS.

       (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding 
     after section 311 (as added by section 10110), the following:

     ``SEC. 312. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND 
                   SCIENTISTS.

       ``The Director shall support the development of a 
     scientific workforce through programs that facilitate 
     collaboration between and among teachers at elementary 
     schools and secondary schools served by local educational 
     agencies, students at institutions of higher education, 
     early-career researchers, faculty at institutions of higher 
     education, and the National Laboratories, including through 
     the use of proven techniques to expand the number of 
     individuals from underrepresented groups pursuing and 
     attaining skills or undergraduate and graduate degrees 
     relevant to the mission of the Office of Science.''.
       (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 3169 of the 
     Department of Energy Science Education Enhancement Act (42 
     U.S.C. 7381e) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``There are'' and inserting ``Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science of 
     the Department of Energy in a fiscal year, there are''; and
       (2) by striking ``fiscal year 1991'' and inserting ``each 
     of fiscal years 2023 through 2027''.
       (c) Broadening Participation in Workforce Development for 
     Teachers and Scientists.--
       (1) In general.--The Department of Energy Science Education 
     Enhancement Act is amended by inserting after section 3167 
     (42 U.S.C. 7381c-1) the following:

     ``SEC. 3167A. BROADENING PARTICIPATION FOR TEACHERS AND 
                   SCIENTISTS.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
       ``(1) expand opportunities to increase the number of highly 
     skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics 
     (STEM) professionals working in disciplines relevant to the 
     mission of the Department; and
       ``(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase 
     participation from Historically Black Colleges or 
     Universities (as defined in section 3167B(f)), Hispanic-
     serving institutions (as defined in that section), Tribal 
     Colleges or Universities (as defined in that section), 
     minority-serving institutions (as defined in that section), 
     institutions in eligible jurisdictions (as defined in that 
     section), emerging research institutions, community colleges, 
     and scientific societies in those disciplines.
       ``(b) Plan.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
     Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committees on Energy and Natural 
     Resources and Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
     Senate and make available to the public a plan for broadening 
     participation of underrepresented groups in science, 
     technology, engineering, and mathematics in programs 
     supported by the Department, including--
       ``(1) a plan for supporting relevant Federal research award 
     grantees and leveraging the National Science Foundation 
     INCLUDES National Network and relevant partnerships, 
     including partnerships maintained by other Federal research 
     agencies;
       ``(2) metrics for assessing the participation of 
     underrepresented groups in programs supported by the 
     Department;
       ``(3) experienced and potential barriers to broadening 
     participation of underrepresented groups in programs 
     supported by the Department, including recommended solutions; 
     and
       ``(4) any other activities the Secretary determines 
     appropriate.
       ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the amounts 
     authorized to be appropriated under section 3169, not less 
     than $2,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated each fiscal 
     year for the activities described in this section.

     ``SEC. 3167B. EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES FOR HIGHLY SKILLED 
                   SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND 
                   MATHEMATICS (STEM) PROFESSIONALS.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
       ``(1) expand opportunities and increase the number of 
     highly skilled science, technology, engineering, and 
     mathematics (STEM) professionals working in disciplines 
     relevant to the mission of the Department; and
       ``(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase 
     participation from and expand partnerships with Historically 
     Black Colleges or Universities, Hispanic serving 
     institutions, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-
     serving institutions, institutions in eligible jurisdictions, 
     emerging research institutions, community colleges, and 
     scientific societies in those disciplines.
       ``(b) Plan and Outreach Strategy.--
       ``(1) Plan.--
       ``(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
     of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, 
     and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
     Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate a 10-year educational plan to fund 
     and expand new or existing programs administered by the 
     Office of Science and sited at the National Laboratories and 
     Department user facilities to expand educational and 
     workforce development opportunities for underrepresented 
     individuals, including--
       ``(i) high school, undergraduate, and graduate students; 
     and
       ``(ii) recent graduates, teachers, and faculty in STEM 
     fields.
       ``(B) Contents.--The plan under subparagraph (A) may 
     include paid internships, fellowships, temporary employment, 
     training programs, visiting student and faculty programs, 
     sabbaticals, and research support.
       ``(2) Outreach capacity.--The Secretary shall include in 
     the plan under paragraph (1) an outreach strategy to improve 
     the advertising, recruitment, and promotion of educational 
     and workforce development programs to community colleges, 
     Historically Black Colleges or Universities, Hispanic-serving 
     institutions, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-
     serving institutions, institutions in eligible jurisdictions, 
     and emerging research institutions.
       ``(c) Building Research Capacity.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop programs 
     that strengthen the research capacity relevant to Office of 
     Science disciplines at emerging research institutions, 
     including minority-serving institutions, Tribal Colleges or 
     Universities, Historically Black Colleges or Universities, 
     institutions in eligible jurisdictions (as defined in section 
     2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
     13503(b)(3)(A))), institutions in

[[Page S3414]]

     communities with dislocated workers who were previously 
     employed in manufacturing, energy production, including coal 
     power plants, and mineral and material mining, and other 
     institutions of higher education.
       ``(2) Inclusions.--The programs developed under paragraph 
     (1) may include--
       ``(A) enabling mutually beneficial and jointly managed 
     partnerships between research-intensive institutions and 
     emerging research institutions; and
       ``(B) soliciting research proposals, fellowships, training 
     programs, and research support directly from emerging 
     research institutions.
       ``(d) Traineeships.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
     university-led Traineeship Program to address workforce 
     development needs in STEM fields relevant to the Department.
       ``(2) Focus.--The focus of the Traineeship Program 
     established under paragraph (1) shall be on--
       ``(A) supporting workforce development and research 
     experiences for underrepresented undergraduate and graduate 
     students; and
       ``(B) increasing participation from underrepresented 
     populations.
       ``(3) Inclusion.--The traineeships under the Traineeship 
     Program established under paragraph (1) shall include 
     opportunities to build the next-generation workforce in 
     research areas critical to maintaining core competencies 
     across the programs of the Office of Science.
       ``(e) Evaluation.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish key 
     performance indicators to measure and monitor progress of 
     education and workforce programs and expand Departmental 
     activities for data collection and analysis.
       ``(2) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
     enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
     Innovation Act, and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary 
     shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology and the Committee on Education and Labor of the 
     House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and 
     Natural Resources and the Committee on Health, Education, 
     Labor, and Pensions of the Senate a report summarizing 
     progress toward meeting the key performance indicators 
     established under paragraph (1).
       ``(f) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Community college.--The term `community college' 
     means--
       ``(A) a public institution of higher education, including 
     additional locations, at which the highest awarded degree, or 
     the predominantly awarded degree, is an associate degree; or
       ``(B) any Tribal college or university.
       ``(2) Dislocated worker.--The term `dislocated worker' has 
     the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Workforce 
     Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102).
       ``(3) Hispanic-serving institution.--The term `Hispanic-
     serving institution' has the meaning given the term in 
     section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1101a(a)).
       ``(4) Historically black college or university.--The term 
     `Historically Black College or University' has the meaning 
     given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the 
     Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
       ``(5) Institution in an eligible jurisdiction.--The term 
     `institution in an eligible jurisdiction' means an 
     institution of higher education (as defined in section 101 of 
     the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is 
     located in an eligible jurisdiction (as defined in section 
     2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
     13503(b)(3)(A))).
       ``(6) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
     serving institution' includes the entities described in any 
     of paragraphs (1) through (7) of section 371(a) of the Higher 
     Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
       ``(7) STEM.--The term `STEM' means the subjects listed in 
     section 2 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 
     note; Public Law 114-59).
       ``(8) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal 
     College or University' has the meaning given the term in 
     section 316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1059c(b)).''.
       (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section 
     2(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
     Year 1991 (Public Law 101-510; 104 Stat. 1497) is amended by 
     striking the items relating to sections 3167 and 3168 and 
     inserting the following:

``Sec. 3167. Partnerships with historically Black colleges and 
              universities, Hispanic-serving institutions, and tribal 
              colleges.
``Sec. 3167A. Broadening participation for teachers and scientists.
``Sec. 3167B. Expanding opportunities for highly skilled science, 
              technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) 
              professionals.
``Sec. 3168. Definitions.
``Sec. 3169. Authorization of appropriations.''.

     SEC. 10112. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE; HELIUM 
                   CONSERVATION PROGRAM; OFFICE OF SCIENCE 
                   EMERGING BIOLOGICAL THREAT PREPAREDNESS 
                   RESEARCH INITIATIVE; MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION 
                   AND RESEARCH EQUIPMENT PROGRAM; AUTHORIZATION 
                   OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and 
     Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) (as amended by 
     section 10111(a)) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:

     ``SEC. 313. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

       ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a high 
     intensity laser research initiative consistent with the 
     recommendations of the National Academies report entitled 
     `Opportunities in Intense Ultrafast Lasers: Reaching for the 
     Brightest Light' and the report from the Brightest Light 
     Initiative workshop entitled `The Future of Intense Ultrafast 
     Lasers in the U.S.'. The initiative should include research 
     and development of petawatt-scale and of high average power 
     laser technologies necessary for future facility needs in 
     discovery science and to advance energy technologies, as well 
     as support for a user network of academic and National 
     Laboratory high intensity laser facilities.
       ``(b) Leverage.--The Director shall leverage new laser 
     technologies for more compact, less complex, and low-cost 
     accelerator systems needed for science applications.
       ``(c) Coordination.--
       ``(1) Director.--The Director shall coordinate the 
     initiative established under subsection (a) among all 
     relevant programs within the Office of Science.
       ``(2) Under secretary.--The Under Secretary for Science 
     shall coordinate the initiative established under subsection 
     (a) with other relevant programs within the Department and 
     other Federal agencies.
       ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
     fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary to carry out the activities described in this 
     section--
       ``(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

     ``SEC. 314. HELIUM CONSERVATION PROGRAM.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program 
     to reduce the consumption of helium for Department grant 
     recipients and facilities and encourage helium recycling and 
     reuse. The program shall competitively award grants for--
       ``(1) the purchase of equipment to capture, reuse, and 
     recycle helium;
       ``(2) the installation, maintenance, and repair of new and 
     existing helium capture, reuse, and recycling equipment; and
       ``(3) helium alternatives research and development 
     activities.
       ``(b) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
     enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
     Innovation Act, and every 3 years thereafter, the Director 
     shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
     on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on the 
     purchase of helium as part of research projects and 
     facilities supported by the Department. The report shall 
     include--
       ``(1) the quantity of helium purchased for projects and 
     facilities supported by Department grants;
       ``(2) a cost-analysis for such helium;
       ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, information on 
     whether such helium was imported from outside the United 
     States, and if available, the country or region of the world 
     from which the helium was imported;
       ``(4) expected or experienced impacts of helium supply 
     shortages or prices on the research projects and facilities 
     supported by the Department; and
       ``(5) recommendations for reducing Department grant 
     recipients' exposure to volatile helium prices and supply 
     shortages.
       ``(c) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under this 
     section, the Director shall coordinate with the National 
     Science Foundation and other relevant Federal agencies on 
     helium conservation activities.
       ``(d) Duration.--The program established under this section 
     shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, 
     subject to the availability of appropriations.
       ``(e) Renewal.--Upon expiration of any period of support of 
     the program under this section, the Director may renew 
     support for the program for a period of not more than 5 
     years.

     ``SEC. 315. OFFICE OF SCIENCE BIOLOGICAL THREAT PREPAREDNESS 
                   RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
     Office of Science a cross-cutting research initiative, to be 
     known as the `Biological Threat Preparedness Research 
     Initiative', to leverage the innovative analytical resources 
     and tools, user facilities, and advanced computational and 
     networking capabilities of the Department in order to support 
     efforts that prevent, prepare for, predict, and respond to 
     biological threats to national security, including infectious 
     diseases.
       ``(b) Competitive, Merit-reviewed Process.--The Secretary 
     shall carry out the initiative established under subsection 
     (a) through a competitive, merit-reviewed process, and 
     consider applications from National Laboratories, 
     institutions of higher education, multi-institutional 
     collaborations, industry partners and other appropriate 
     entities.
       ``(c) Activities.--In carrying out the initiative 
     established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
       ``(1) determine a comprehensive set of technical milestones 
     for the research activities described in that subsection;

[[Page S3415]]

       ``(2) prioritize the objectives of--
       ``(A) supporting fundamental research and development in 
     advanced analytics, experimental studies, materials 
     synthesis, and high-performance computing technologies needed 
     in order to more quickly and effectively characterize, model, 
     simulate, and predict complex natural phenomena and 
     biological materials related to emerging biological threats;
       ``(B) supporting the development of tools that inform 
     epidemiological modeling, and applying artificial 
     intelligence, machine learning, and other computing tools to 
     accelerate such processes;
       ``(C) supporting research and capabilities that enhance 
     understanding and modeling of the transport of pathogens in 
     indoor and outdoor air and water environments;
       ``(D) identifying priority research opportunities and 
     capabilities for molecular design and modeling for medical 
     countermeasures;
       ``(E) ensuring that new experimental and computational 
     tools are accessible to relevant research communities, 
     including private sector entities and other Federal research 
     institutions; and
       ``(F) supporting activities and projects that combine 
     computational modeling and simulation with experimental 
     research facilities and studies;
       ``(3) leverage the research infrastructure of the 
     Department, including scientific computing user facilities, 
     x-ray light sources, neutron scattering facilities, nanoscale 
     science research centers, and sequencing and 
     biocharacterization facilities;
       ``(4) leverage experience from existing modeling and 
     simulation research and work sponsored by the Department and 
     promote collaboration and data sharing between National 
     Laboratories, research entities, and user facilities of the 
     Department by providing necessary access and secure data 
     transfer capabilities; and
       ``(5) ensure that new experimental and computational tools 
     are accessible to relevant research communities, including 
     private sector entities, to address emerging biological 
     threats.
       ``(d) Coordination.--In carrying out the initiative 
     established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall 
     coordinate activities with--
       ``(1) other relevant offices of the Department;
       ``(2) the National Nuclear Security Administration;
       ``(3) the National Laboratories;
       ``(4) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
       ``(5) the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and 
     Prevention;
       ``(6) the Director of the National Institutes of Health;
       ``(7) the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and 
     Response;
       ``(8) the heads of other relevant Federal agencies;
       ``(9) institutions of higher education; and
       ``(10) the private sector.
       ``(e) Infectious Diseases High Performance Computing 
     Research Consortium.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the 
     Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director 
     of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall 
     establish and operate an Emerging Infectious Diseases High 
     Performance Computing Research Consortium (referred to in 
     this section as the `Consortium'), to support the initiative 
     established under subsection (a) by providing, to the extent 
     practicable, a centralized entity for multidisciplinary, 
     collaborative, emerging infectious disease and biosecurity 
     research and development through high performance computing 
     and advanced data analytics technologies and processes, in 
     conjunction with the experimental research facilities and 
     studies supported by the Department.
       ``(2) Membership.--The members of the Consortium may 
     include representatives from relevant Federal agencies, the 
     National Laboratories, the private sector, and institutions 
     of higher education, which can each contribute relevant 
     compute time, capabilities, or other resources.
       ``(3) Activities.--The Consortium shall--
       ``(A) match applicants with available Federal and private 
     sector computing resources;
       ``(B) consider supplemental awards for computing 
     partnerships with Consortium members to qualifying entities 
     on a competitive merit-review basis;
       ``(C) encourage collaboration and communication among 
     member representatives of the Consortium and awardees;
       ``(D) provide access to the high-performance computing 
     capabilities, expertise, and user facilities of the 
     Department and the National Laboratories; and
       ``(E) submit an annual report to the Secretary summarizing 
     the activities of the Consortium, including--
       ``(i) describing each project undertaken by the Consortium;
       ``(ii) detailing organizational expenditures; and
       ``(iii) evaluating contributions to the achievement of 
     technical milestones as determined in subsection (a).
       ``(4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall ensure the 
     coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the 
     activities of the Consortium with the activities of other 
     research entities of the Department, other Federal research 
     institutions, institutions of higher education, and the 
     private sector.
       ``(f) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
     enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
     Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Energy 
     and Commerce of the House of Representatives, and the 
     Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the Committee on 
     Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on 
     Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, a 
     report detailing the effectiveness of--
       ``(1) the interagency coordination among each Federal 
     agency involved in the initiative established under 
     subsection (a);
       ``(2) the collaborative research achievements of that 
     initiative, including the achievement of the technical 
     milestones determined under that subsection; and
       ``(3) potential opportunities to expand the technical 
     capabilities of the Department.
       ``(g) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     the activities under this section $50,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

     ``SEC. 316. MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND RESEARCH EQUIPMENT 
                   PROGRAM.

       ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a midscale 
     instrumentation and research equipment program to develop, 
     acquire, and commercialize research instrumentation and 
     equipment needed to meet the missions of the Department and 
     to provide platform technologies for the broader scientific 
     community.
       ``(b) Activities.--Under the program established under 
     subsection (a), the Director shall--
       ``(1) enable the development and acquisition of novel, 
     state-of-the-art instruments that--
       ``(A) range in cost from $1,000,000 to $20,000,000 each; 
     and
       ``(B) would significantly accelerate scientific 
     breakthroughs at user facilities; and
       ``(2) strongly encourage partnerships among--
       ``(A) National Laboratories;
       ``(B) user facilities; and
       ``(C)(i) institutions in a State receiving funding under 
     the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research 
     established under section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy Policy Act 
     of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3));
       ``(ii) historically Black colleges or universities;
       ``(iii) minority-serving institutions of higher education; 
     or
       ``(iv) institutions of higher education in a rural area.
       ``(c) Coordination With Other Programs.--The Director shall 
     coordinate the program established under subsection (a) with 
     all other programs carried out by the Office of Science of 
     the Department.
       ``(d) Research Equipment and Technology Development 
     Coordination.--The Director shall encourage coordination 
     among the Office of Science, the National Laboratories, the 
     Office of Technology Transitions, and relevant academic and 
     private sector entities to identify, disseminate, and 
     commercialize research instruments, equipment, and related 
     technologies developed to aid basic science research 
     discoveries that meet the mission of the Department.
       ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds 
     authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
     fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to carry 
     out this section $150,000,000 for each of fiscals years 2023 
     through 2027.

     ``SEC. 317. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 
     to carry out the activities described in this title--
       ``(1) $8,902,392,400 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $9,541,895,744 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $10,068,198,994 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $10,468,916,520 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $10,831,342,317 for fiscal year 2027.''.
       (b) Table of Contents.--Section 1(b) of the Department of 
     Energy Research and Innovation Act is amended in the table of 
     contents by inserting after the item relating to section 309 
     the following:

``Sec. 310. Accelerator research and development.
``Sec. 311. Isotope research, development, and production.
``Sec. 312. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
``Sec. 313. High intensity laser research initiative.
``Sec. 314. Helium conservation program.
``Sec. 315. Office of Science Biological Threat Preparedness Research 
              Initiative.
``Sec. 316. Midscale instrumentation and research equipment program.
``Sec. 317. Authorization of appropriations.''.

     SEC. 10113. ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE 
                   RESEARCH.

       (a) Research Areas.--Section 2203(b)(3)(E) of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(E)) is amended--
       (1) in the subparagraph heading, by striking ``in areas of 
     applied energy research, environmental management, and basic 
     science'';
       (2) in clause (i)--
       (A) in subclause (I), by inserting ``nuclear energy,'' 
     before ``and''; and
       (B) by striking subclause (V) and inserting the following:

       ``(V) scientific research, including--

       ``(aa) advanced scientific computing research;
       ``(bb) basic energy sciences;
       ``(cc) biological and environmental research;

[[Page S3416]]

       ``(dd) fusion energy sciences;
       ``(ee) high energy physics;
       ``(ff) nuclear physics;
       ``(gg) isotope research, development, and production;
       ``(hh) accelerator research, development, and production; 
     and
       ``(ii) other areas of research funded by the Office of 
     Science, as determined by the Secretary.''; and
       (3) in clause (ii)--
       (A) in subclause (II), by striking ``graduate'' and 
     inserting ``undergraduate scholarships, graduate fellowships, 
     and'';
       (B) in subclause (III), by striking ``; and'' and inserting 
     ``and staff;'';
       (C) in subclause (IV)--
       (i) by striking ``biennial'' and inserting ``annual''; and
       (ii) by striking the period at the end and inserting a 
     semicolon; and
       (D) by adding at the end the following:

       ``(V) to develop research clusters for particular areas of 
     expertise; and
       ``(VI) to diversify the future workforce.''.

       (b) Research Capability Enhancement.--Section 2203(b)(3) of 
     the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is 
     amended by striking subparagraph (F) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(F) Research capability enhancement.--
       ``(i) Scholarships and fellowships.--

       ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to subparagraph (E)(ii), the 
     Secretary shall award grants to institutions of higher 
     education in eligible jurisdictions for those institutions of 
     higher education to provide scholarships and fellowships.
       ``(II) Grant.--A scholarship or fellowship awarded by an 
     institution of higher education in an eligible jurisdiction 
     using a grant provided under subclause (I)--

       ``(aa) in the case of an undergraduate scholarship--
       ``(AA) shall be for a period of 1 year; and
       ``(BB) may be competitively renewable on an annual basis; 
     and
       ``(bb) in the case of a graduate level fellowship, shall be 
     for a period of not more than 5 years.
       ``(ii) Early career capacity development.--

       ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to subparagraph (E)(ii), the 
     Secretary shall award grants to early career faculty and 
     staff at institutions of higher education in eligible 
     jurisdictions--

       ``(aa) to support investigator-initiated research, 
     including associated research equipment and instrumentation;
       ``(bb) to support activities associated with identifying 
     and responding to funding opportunities;
       ``(cc) to secure technical assistance for the pursuit of 
     funding opportunities; and
       ``(dd) to develop and enhance collaboration among National 
     Laboratories, Department of Energy programs, the private 
     sector, and other relevant entities.

       ``(II) Grants.--A grant awarded under subclause (I) shall 
     be--

       ``(aa) for a period of not more than 5 years; and
       ``(bb) competitively renewable for an additional 5-year 
     period.
       ``(iii) Research capacity development.--

       ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to subparagraph (E)(ii), the 
     Secretary shall award competitive grants to institutions of 
     higher education in eligible jurisdictions for research 
     capacity development and implementation, including--

       ``(aa) developing expertise in key technology areas, 
     including associated equipment and instrumentation;
       ``(bb) developing and acquiring novel, state-of-the-art 
     instruments and equipment that range in cost from $500,000 to 
     $20,000,000;
       ``(cc) enhancing collaboration with National Laboratories, 
     the Department of Energy, and the private sector through 
     faculty or staff placement programs; and
       ``(dd) supporting formal partnership programs with 
     institutions of higher education and National Laboratories.

       ``(II) Grants.--A grant awarded under subclause (I) shall 
     be--

       ``(aa) for a period of not more than 5 years; and
       ``(bb) renewable for an additional 5-year period.

       ``(III) Equipment and instrumentation.--To the maximum 
     extent practicable, the Secretary shall ensure that research 
     equipment and instrumentation developed or acquired pursuant 
     to a grant awarded under subclause (I) may sustain continued 
     operation and be maintained without the need for additional 
     or subsequent funding under this section.''.

       (c) Program Implementation Update.--Section 2203(b)(3)(G) 
     of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(G)) 
     is amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(iii) Update.--Not later than 270 days after the date of 
     enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
     Innovation Act, the Secretary shall--

       ``(I) update the plan submitted under clause (i); and
       ``(II) submit the updated plan to the committees described 
     in that clause.''.

       (d) Program Evaluation Report.--Section 2203(b)(3)(H) of 
     the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(H)) is 
     amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(iv) Annual report.--At the end of each fiscal year, the 
     Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate 
     and the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on 
     Appropriations of the House of Representatives a report that 
     includes--

       ``(I) the total amount of expenditures made by the 
     Department to carry out EPSCoR in each eligible jurisdiction 
     for each of the 3 most recent fiscal years for which such 
     information is available;
       ``(II)(aa) the number of EPSCoR awards made to institutions 
     of higher education located in eligible jurisdictions; and
       ``(bb) the amount and type of each award;
       ``(III) the number of awards that are not EPSCoR awards 
     made by the Secretary to institutions of higher education 
     located in eligible jurisdictions;
       ``(IV)(aa) the number of representatives of institutions of 
     higher education in eligible jurisdictions serving on each 
     Office of Science advisory committee; and
       ``(bb) for each such advisory committee, the percentage of 
     committee membership that those individuals constitute; and
       ``(V) the number of individuals from institutions of higher 
     education in eligible jurisdictions serving on peer review 
     committees.''.

       (e) Funding.--Section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy Policy Act 
     of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended by adding at the 
     end the following:
       ``(I) Funding.--
       ``(i) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     EPSCoR, to remain available until expended--

       ``(I) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(II) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(III) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(IV) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(V) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

       ``(ii) Grants to consortia.--In the case of an EPSCoR grant 
     awarded to a consortium that contains institutions of higher 
     education that are not located in eligible jurisdictions, the 
     Secretary may count--

       ``(I) the full amount of funds expended to provide the 
     grant towards meeting the funding requirement in clause (iii) 
     if the lead entity of the consortium is an institution of 
     higher education located in an eligible jurisdiction; and
       ``(II) only the funds provided to institutions of higher 
     education located in eligible jurisdictions towards meeting 
     the funding requirement in clause (iii) if the lead entity of 
     the consortium is an institution of higher education that is 
     not located in an eligible jurisdiction.

       ``(iii) Additional funds for eligible jurisdictions.--In 
     addition to funds authorized to be appropriated under clause 
     (i), the Secretary, to the maximum extent practicable while 
     maintaining the competitive, merit-based award processes of 
     the Office of Science, shall ensure that, of the research and 
     development funds of the Office of Science that are awarded 
     by the Secretary each year to institutions of higher 
     education, not less than 10 percent is awarded to 
     institutions of higher education in eligible jurisdictions 
     pursuant to the evaluation and selection criteria in section 
     605.10 of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor 
     regulations).
       ``(iv) Additional funds for equipment and 
     instrumentation.--In addition to funds authorized to be 
     appropriated under clause (i), there is authorized to be 
     appropriated to the Secretary to award grants under 
     subparagraph (F)(iii)(I) for the purpose described in item 
     (bb) of that subparagraph $25,000,000 for each of fiscal 
     years 2023 through 2027, to remain available until expended.
       ``(v) Accounting.--To the maximum extent practicable, the 
     Secretary shall ensure that each program within the 
     Department of Energy that endorses an EPSCoR grant awardee 
     shall contribute funding to the award to acknowledge the 
     research benefits to the mission of that program.''.
       (f) Advisory Committees to the Office of Science.--In order 
     to improve the advice and guidance provided to the Office of 
     Science, the Undersecretary for Science shall seek to ensure, 
     to the maximum extent practicable, the robust participation 
     of institutions of higher education (as defined in section 
     101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) 
     located in eligible jurisdictions (as defined in section 
     2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
     13503(b)(3)(A))) on the Office of Science Federal Advisory 
     Committee.
       (g) Technical Amendments.--Section 2203(b) of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``(1) The Secretary'' and 
     inserting the following:
       ``(1) University research reactors.--The Secretary''; and
       (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``(2) The Secretary'' and 
     inserting the following:
       ``(2) Method to evaluate effectiveness of education 
     programs.--The Secretary''.

     SEC. 10114. RESEARCH SECURITY.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Country of risk.--
       (A) In general.--The term ``country of risk'' means a 
     foreign country determined by the Secretary, in accordance 
     with subparagraph (B), to present a risk of theft of United 
     States intellectual property or a threat to the national 
     security of the United States if nationals of the country, or 
     entities owned or controlled by the country or nationals of 
     the country, participate in any research, development, 
     demonstration, or deployment activity authorized under this 
     division or division A or an amendment made by this division 
     or division A.

[[Page S3417]]

       (B) Determination.--In making a determination under 
     subparagraph (A), the Secretary, in coordination with the 
     Director of the Office of Intelligence and 
     Counterintelligence, shall take into consideration--
       (i) the most recent World Wide Threat Assessment of the 
     United States Intelligence Community, prepared by the 
     Director of National Intelligence; and
       (ii) the most recent National Counterintelligence Strategy 
     of the United States.
       (2) Covered support.--The term ``covered support'' means 
     any grant, contract, subcontract, award, loan, program, 
     support, or other activity authorized under this division or 
     division A, or an amendment made by this division or division 
     A.
       (3) Entity of concern.--The term ``entity of concern'' 
     means any entity, including a national, that is--
       (A) identified under section 1237(b) of the Strom Thurmond 
     National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (50 
     U.S.C. 1701 note; Public Law 105-261);
       (B) identified under section 1260H of the William M. (Mac) 
     Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law 116-283);
       (C) on the Entity List maintained by the Bureau of Industry 
     and Security of the Department of Commerce and set forth in 
     Supplement No. 4 to part 744 of title 15, Code of Federal 
     Regulations;
       (D) included in the list required by section 9(b)(3) of the 
     Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020 (Public Law 116-145; 
     134 Stat. 656); or
       (E) identified by the Secretary, in coordination with the 
     Director of the Office of Intelligence and 
     Counterintelligence and the applicable office that would 
     provide, or is providing, covered support, as posing an 
     unmanageable threat--
       (i) to the national security of the United States; or
       (ii) of theft or loss of United States intellectual 
     property.
       (4) National.--The term ``national'' has the meaning given 
     the term in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality 
     Act (8 U.S.C. 1101).
       (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
     of Energy.
       (b) Science and Technology Risk Assessment.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop and maintain 
     tools and processes to manage and mitigate research security 
     risks, such as a science and technology risk matrix, informed 
     by threats identified by the Director of the Office of 
     Intelligence and Counterintelligence, to facilitate 
     determinations of the risk of loss of United States 
     intellectual property or threat to the national security of 
     the United States posed by activities carried out under any 
     covered support.
       (2) Content and implementation.--In developing and using 
     the tools and processes developed under paragraph (1), the 
     Secretary shall--
       (A) deploy risk-based approaches to evaluating, awarding, 
     and managing certain research, development, demonstration, 
     and deployment activities, including designations that will 
     indicate the relative risk of activities;
       (B) assess, to the extent practicable, ongoing high-risk 
     activities;
       (C) designate an officer or employee of the Department of 
     Energy to be responsible for tracking and notifying 
     recipients of any covered support of unmanageable threats to 
     United States national security or of theft or loss of United 
     States intellectual property posed by an entity of concern;
       (D) consider requiring recipients of covered support to 
     implement additional research security mitigations for 
     higher-risk activities if appropriate; and
       (E) support the development of research security training 
     for recipients of covered support on the risks posed by 
     entities of concern.
       (3) Annual updates.--The tools and processes developed 
     under paragraph (1) shall be evaluated annually and updated 
     as needed, with threat-informed input from the Office of 
     Intelligence and Counterintelligence, to reflect changes in 
     the risk designation under paragraph (2)(A) of research, 
     development, demonstration, and deployment activities 
     conducted by the Department.
       (c) Entity of Concern.--
       (1) Prohibition.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), no 
     entity of concern, or individual that owns or controls, is 
     owned or controlled by, or is under common ownership or 
     control with an entity of concern, may receive, or perform 
     work under, any covered support.
       (2) Waiver of prohibition.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary may waive the prohibition 
     under paragraph (1) if determined by the Secretary to be in 
     the national interest.
       (B) Notification to congress.--Not less than 2 weeks prior 
     to issuing a waiver under subparagraph (A), the Secretary 
     shall notify the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 
     the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives of the intent to 
     issue the waiver, including a justification for the waiver.
       (3) Penalty.--
       (A) Termination of support.--On finding that any entity of 
     concern or individual described in paragraph (1) has received 
     covered support and has not received a waiver under paragraph 
     (2), the Secretary shall terminate all covered support to 
     that entity of concern or individual, as applicable.
       (B) Penalties.--An entity of concern or individual 
     identified under subparagraph (A) shall be--
       (i) prohibited from receiving or participating in covered 
     support for a period of not less than 1 year but not more 
     than 10 years, as determined by the Secretary; or
       (ii) instead of the penalty described in clause (i), 
     subject to any other penalties authorized under applicable 
     law or regulations that the Secretary determines to be in the 
     national interest.
       (C) Notification to congress.--Prior to imposing a penalty 
     under subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall notify the 
     Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and 
     the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 
     of Representatives of the intent to impose the penalty, 
     including a description of and justification for the penalty.
       (4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall--
       (A) share information about the unmanageable threats 
     described in subsection (a)(3)(E) with other Federal 
     agencies; and
       (B) develop consistent approaches to identifying entities 
     of concern.
       (d) International Agreements.--This section shall be 
     applied in a manner consistent with the obligations of the 
     United States under international agreements.
       (e) Report Required.--Not later than 240 days after the 
     date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to 
     Congress a report that--
       (1) describes--
       (A) the tools and processes developed under subsection 
     (b)(1) and any updates to those tools and processes; and
       (B) if applicable, the science and technology risk matrix 
     developed under that subsection and how that matrix has been 
     applied;
       (2) includes a mitigation plan for managing risks posed by 
     countries of risk with respect to future or ongoing research 
     and development activities of the Department of Energy; and
       (3) defines critical research areas, designated by risk, as 
     determined by the Secretary.

TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

     SEC. 10201. DEFINITIONS.

       In this title:
       (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
     the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
       (2) Enrollment of needy students.--The term ``enrollment of 
     needy students'' has the meaning given the term in section 
     312(d) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1058(d)).
       (3) Framework.--The term ``Framework'' means the Framework 
     for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity developed 
     by the National Institute of Standards and Technology and 
     referred to in Executive Order No. 13800 issued on May 11, 
     2017 (82 Fed. Reg. 22391 et seq.).
       (4) Institute.--The term ``Institute'' means the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology.
       (5) International standards organization.--The term 
     ``international standards organization'' has the meaning 
     given such term in section 451 of the Trade Agreements Act of 
     1979 (19 U.S.C. 2571).
       (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
     of Commerce.

              Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

     SEC. 10211. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       (a) Fiscal Year 2023.--
       (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary of Commerce $1,551,450,000 for the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2023.
       (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) $979,100,000 is authorized for scientific and technical 
     research and services laboratory activities;
       (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction and 
     maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is authorized 
     to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and 
     Major Repairs; and
       (C) $372,350,000 is authorized for industrial technology 
     services activities, of which $275,300,000 is authorized to 
     be appropriated for the Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
     program under sections 25, 25A, and 26 of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 
     278k-1, and 278l) (of which $31,000,000 is authorized to 
     establish the National Supply Chain Database under section 
     10253) and $97,050,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     the Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the 
     National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
     278s).
       (b) Fiscal Year 2024.--
       (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary of Commerce $1,651,600,000 for the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2024.
       (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) $1,047,600,000 is authorized for scientific and 
     technical research and services laboratory activities;
       (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction and 
     maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is authorized 
     to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance,

[[Page S3418]]

     and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 for IT 
     infrastructure; and
       (C) $404,000,000 is authorized for industrial technology 
     services activities, of which $300,000,000 is authorized to 
     be appropriated for the Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
     program under sections 25, 25A, and 26 of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 
     278k-1, and 278l) (of which $26,000,000 is authorized to 
     maintain, update, and support Federal coordination of State 
     supply chain databases maintained by the Centers (as such 
     term is defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and 
     $104,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s).
       (c) Fiscal Year 2025.--
       (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary of Commerce $2,039,900,000 for the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2025.
       (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) $1,120,900,000 is authorized for scientific and 
     technical research and services laboratory activities;
       (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction and 
     maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is authorized 
     to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and 
     Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
     and
       (C) $719,000,000 is authorized for industrial technology 
     services activities, of which $550,000,000 is authorized to 
     be appropriated for the Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
     program under sections 25, 25A, and 26 of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 
     278k-1, and 278l) (of which $26,000,000 is authorized to 
     maintain, update, and support Federal coordination of State 
     supply chain databases maintained by the Centers (as such 
     term is defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and 
     $169,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s).
       (d) Fiscal Year 2026.--
       (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary of Commerce $2,158,400,000 for the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2026.
       (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) $1,199,400,000 is authorized for scientific and 
     technical research and services laboratory activities;
       (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction and 
     maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is authorized 
     to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and 
     Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
     and
       (C) $759,000,000 is authorized for industrial technology 
     services activities, of which $550,000,000 is authorized to 
     be appropriated for the Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
     program under sections 25, 25A, and 26 of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 
     278k-1, and 278l) (of which $26,000,000 is authorized to 
     maintain, update, and support Federal coordination of State 
     supply chain databases maintained by the Centers (as such 
     term is defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and 
     $209,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s).
       (e) Fiscal Year 2027.--
       (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary of Commerce $2,283,360,000 for the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2027.
       (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) $1,283,360,000 is authorized for scientific and 
     technical research and services laboratory activities;
       (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction and 
     maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is authorized 
     to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and 
     Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
     and
       (C) $800,000,000 is authorized for industrial technology 
     services activities, of which $550,000,000 is authorized to 
     be appropriated for the Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
     program under sections 25, 25A, and 26 of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 
     278k-1, and 23 278l) (of which $26,000,000 is authorized to 
     maintain, update, and support Federal coordination of State 
     supply chain databases maintained by the Centers (as such 
     term is defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and 
     $250,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s).

                    Subtitle B--Measurement Research

     SEC. 10221. ENGINEERING BIOLOGY AND BIOMETROLOGY.

       (a) In General.--The Director, in coordination with the 
     National Engineering Biology Research and Development 
     Initiative established pursuant to title IV, shall--
       (1) support basic measurement science and technology 
     research for engineering biology, biomanufacturing, and 
     biometrology to advance--
       (A) measurement technologies to support foundational 
     understanding of the mechanisms of conversion of DNA 
     information into cellular function;
       (B) technologies for measurement of such biomolecular 
     components and related systems;
       (C) new data tools, techniques, and processes to improve 
     engineering biology, biomanufacturing, and biometrology 
     research; and
       (D) other areas of measurement science and technology 
     research determined by the Director to be critical to the 
     development and deployment of engineering biology, 
     biomanufacturing and biometrology;
       (2) support activities to inform and expand the development 
     of measurements infrastructure needed to develop technical 
     standards to establish interoperability and facilitate 
     commercial development of biomolecular measurement technology 
     and engineering biology applications;
       (3) convene industry, institutions of higher education, 
     nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and other 
     Federal agencies engaged in engineering biology research and 
     development to develop coordinated technical roadmaps for 
     authoritative measurement of the molecular components of the 
     cell;
       (4) provide access to user facilities with advanced or 
     unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources to 
     industry, institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
     organizations, and government agencies to perform research 
     and testing;
       (5) establish or expand collaborative partnerships or 
     consortia with other Federal agencies engaged in engineering 
     biology research and development, institutions of higher 
     education, Federal laboratories, and industry to advance 
     engineering biology applications; and
       (6) support graduate and postgraduate research and training 
     in biometrology, biomanufacturing, and engineering biology.
       (b) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be 
     construed to alter the policies, processes, or practices of 
     individual Federal agencies in effect on the day before the 
     date of the enactment of this Act relating to the conduct or 
     support of biomedical research and advanced development, 
     including the solicitation and review of extramural research 
     proposals.
       (c) Controls.--In carrying out activities authorized by 
     this section, the Secretary shall ensure proper security 
     controls are in place to protect sensitive information, as 
     appropriate.

     SEC. 10222. GREENHOUSE GAS MEASUREMENT RESEARCH.

       (a) In General.--The Director, in consultation with the 
     Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration, the Administrator of the Environmental 
     Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration, the Director of the National Science 
     Foundation, the Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other 
     Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry out a 
     measurement research program to inform the development or 
     improvement of best practices, benchmarks, methodologies, 
     procedures, and technical standards for the measurement of 
     greenhouse gas emissions and to assess and improve the 
     performance of greenhouse gas emissions measurement systems 
     placed in situ and on space-based platforms.
       (b) Activities.--In carrying out such a program, the 
     Director may--
       (1) conduct research and testing to improve the accuracy, 
     efficacy, and reliability of the measurement of greenhouse 
     gas emissions at a range of scales that covers direct 
     measurement at the component or process level through 
     atmospheric observations;
       (2) conduct research to create novel measurement 
     technologies and techniques for the measurement of greenhouse 
     gas emissions;
       (3) convene and engage with relevant Federal agencies and 
     stakeholders to establish common definitions and 
     characterizations for the measurement of greenhouse gas 
     emissions, taking into account any existing United States and 
     international technical standards and guidance;
       (4) conduct outreach and coordination to share technical 
     expertise with relevant industry and nonindustry stakeholders 
     and standards development organizations to--
       (A) assist such entities in the development and adoption of 
     best practices and technical standards for greenhouse gas 
     emissions measurements; and
       (B) promote consistency and traceability in international 
     reference standards and central calibration laboratories;
       (5) in coordination with the Administrator of the National 
     Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of 
     the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Secretary of 
     Energy, develop such standard reference materials as the 
     Director determines is necessary to further the development 
     of such technical standards, taking into account any existing 
     United States or international standards;
       (6) coordinate with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration to ensure data are managed, stewarded, and 
     archived at all levels and promote full and open exchange at 
     Federal and State levels, and with academia, industry, and 
     other users; and
       (7) coordinate with international partners, including 
     international standards organizations, to maintain global 
     greenhouse gas measurement technical standards.
       (c) Testbeds.--In coordination with the private sector, 
     institutions of higher education, State and local 
     governments, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency,

[[Page S3419]]

     the Department of Energy, and other Federal agencies, as 
     appropriate, the Director may continue to develop and manage 
     testbeds to advance research and standards development for 
     greenhouse gas emissions measurements from in situ and space-
     based platforms.
       (d) Center for Greenhouse Gas Measurements, Standards, and 
     Information.--
       (1) In general.--The Director, in collaboration with the 
     Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration, the Administrator of the Environmental 
     Protection Agency, and the heads of other Federal agencies, 
     as appropriate, shall establish a Center for Greenhouse Gas 
     Measurements, Standards, and Information (in this subsection 
     referred to as the ``Center'').
       (2) Collaborations.--The Director shall require that the 
     activities of the Center include collaboration among public 
     and private organizations, including institutions of higher 
     education, nonprofit organizations, private sector entities, 
     and State, Tribal, territorial, and local officials.
       (3) Purpose.--The purpose of the Center shall be to--
       (A) advance measurement science, data analytics, and 
     modeling at a range of scales that covers direct measurement 
     and estimation at the component or process level through 
     atmospheric observations and at the analysis level to improve 
     the accuracy of spatially and temporally resolved greenhouse 
     gas emissions measurement, validation, and attribution to 
     specific underlying activities and processes;
       (B) test and evaluate the performance of existing 
     capabilities, and inform and improve best practices, 
     benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical 
     standards, for the measurement and validation of greenhouse 
     gas emissions at scales noted in subparagraph (A);
       (C) educate and train students in measurement science, 
     computational science, and systems engineering research 
     relevant to greenhouse gas emissions measurements;
       (D) foster collaboration among academic researchers, 
     private sector stakeholders, and State, Tribal, territorial, 
     and local officials in the use of Institute testbeds as 
     described in subsection (c);
       (E) conduct activities with research institutions, industry 
     partners, and State and local officials to identify research, 
     testing, and technical standards needs relevant to greenhouse 
     gas emissions; and
       (F) collaborate with other Federal agencies to conduct 
     outreach and coordination to share and promote technical 
     data, tools, and expertise with relevant public and private 
     sector stakeholders, including State, Tribal, territorial, 
     and local officials, to assist such in the accurate 
     measurement of greenhouse gas emissions.

     SEC. 10223. NIST AUTHORITY FOR CYBERSECURITY AND PRIVACY 
                   ACTIVITIES.

       Subsection (c) of section 2 of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (16), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting a semicolon;
       (2) by redesignating paragraphs (16) through (27) as 
     paragraphs (21) through (32), respectively; and
       (3) by inserting after paragraph (15) the following:
       ``(16) support information security measures for the 
     development and lifecycle of software and the software supply 
     chain, including development of voluntary, consensus-based 
     technical standards, best practices, frameworks, 
     methodologies, procedures, processes, and software 
     engineering toolkits and configurations;
       ``(17) support information security measures, including 
     voluntary, consensus-based technical standards, best 
     practices, and guidelines, for the design, adoption, and 
     deployment of cloud computing services;
       ``(18) support research, development, and practical 
     application to improve the usability of cybersecurity 
     processes and technologies;
       ``(19) facilitate and support the development of a 
     voluntary, consensus-based set of technical standards, 
     guidelines, best practices, methodologies, procedures, and 
     processes to improve privacy protections in systems, 
     technologies, and processes used by both the public and 
     private sector;
       ``(20) support privacy measures, including voluntary, 
     consensus-based technical standards, best practices, 
     guidelines, metrology, and testbeds for the design, adoption, 
     and deployment of privacy enhancing technologies;''.

     SEC. 10224. SOFTWARE SECURITY AND AUTHENTICATION.

       (a) Vulnerabilities in Open Source Software.--The Director 
     shall assign severity metrics to identified vulnerabilities 
     with open source software and produce voluntary guidance to 
     assist the entities that maintain open source software 
     repositories to discover and mitigate vulnerabilities.
       (b) Artificial Intelligence-enabled Defenses.--The Director 
     shall carry out research and testing to improve the 
     effectiveness of artificial intelligence-enabled 
     cybersecurity, including by generating optimized data sets to 
     train artificial intelligence defense systems and evaluating 
     the performance of varying network architectures at 
     strengthening network security.
       (c) Authentication of Institute Software.--The Director 
     shall ensure all software released by the Institute is 
     digitally signed and maintained to enable stakeholders to 
     verify its authenticity and integrity upon installation and 
     execution.
       (d) Assistance to Inspectors General.--Subject to available 
     funding, the Director shall provide technical assistance to 
     improve the education and training of individual Federal 
     agency Inspectors General and staff who are responsible for 
     the annual independent evaluation they are required to 
     perform of the information security program and practices of 
     Federal agencies under section 3555 of title 44, United 
     States Code.
       (e) Software Supply Chain Security Practices.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall, in coordination with 
     industry, academia, and other Federal agencies, as 
     appropriate, develop a set of security outcomes and 
     practices, including security controls, control enhancements, 
     supplemental guidance, or other supporting information to 
     enable software developers and operators to identify, assess, 
     and manage cybersecurity risks over the full lifecycle of 
     software products.
       (2) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct outreach and 
     coordination activities to share technical expertise with 
     Federal agencies, relevant industry stakeholders, and 
     standards development organizations, as appropriate, to 
     encourage the voluntary adoption of the software lifecycle 
     security practices by Federal agencies and industry 
     stakeholders.

     SEC. 10225. DIGITAL IDENTITY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH.

       Section 504 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 
     (15 U.S.C. 7464) is amended to read as follows:

     ``SEC. 504. IDENTITY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

       ``(a) In General.--The Director shall carry out a program 
     of research to support the development of voluntary, 
     consensus-based technical standards, best practices, 
     benchmarks, methodologies, metrology, testbeds, and 
     conformance criteria for identity management, taking into 
     account appropriate user concerns to--
       ``(1) improve interoperability and portability among 
     identity management technologies;
       ``(2) strengthen identity proofing and verification methods 
     used in identity management systems commensurate with the 
     level of risk, including identity and attribute validation 
     services provided by Federal, State, and local governments;
       ``(3) improve privacy protection in identity management 
     systems; and
       ``(4) improve the accuracy, usability, and inclusivity of 
     identity management systems.
       ``(b) Digital Identity Technical Roadmap.--The Director, in 
     consultation with other relevant Federal agencies and 
     stakeholders from the private sector, shall develop and 
     maintain a technical roadmap for digital identity management 
     research and development focused on enabling the voluntary 
     use and adoption of modern digital identity solutions that 
     align with the four criteria in subsection (a).
       ``(c) Digital Identity Management Guidance.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director shall develop, and 
     periodically update, in collaboration with other public and 
     private sector organizations, common definitions and 
     voluntary guidance for digital identity management systems, 
     including identity and attribute validation services provided 
     by Federal, State, and local governments.
       ``(2) Guidance.--The Guidance shall--
       ``(A) align with the four criteria in subsection (a), as 
     practicable;
       ``(B) provide case studies of implementation of guidance;
       ``(C) incorporate voluntary technical standards and 
     industry best practices; and
       ``(D) not prescribe or otherwise require the use of 
     specific technology products or services.
       ``(3) Consultation.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
     Director shall consult with--
       ``(A) Federal and State agencies;
       ``(B) industry;
       ``(C) potential end-users and individuals that will use 
     services related to digital identity verification; and
       ``(D) experts with relevant experience in the systems that 
     enable digital identity verification, as determined by the 
     Director.''.

     SEC. 10226. BIOMETRICS RESEARCH AND TESTING.

       (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the 
     Director, shall establish a program to support measurement 
     research to inform the development of best practices, 
     benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and voluntary, 
     consensus-based technical standards for biometric 
     identification systems, including facial recognition systems, 
     to assess and improve the performance of such systems. In 
     carrying out such program, the Director may--
       (1) conduct measurement research to support efforts to 
     improve the performance of biometric identification systems, 
     including in areas related to conformity assessment, image 
     quality and interoperability, contactless biometric capture 
     technologies, and human-in-the-loop biometric identification 
     systems and processes;
       (2) convene and engage with relevant stakeholders to 
     establish common definitions and characterizations for 
     biometric identification systems, which may include accuracy, 
     fairness, bias, privacy, consent, and other properties, 
     taking into account definitions in relevant international 
     technical standards and other publications;
       (3) carry out measurement research and testing on a range 
     of biometric modalities, such as fingerprints, voice, iris, 
     face, vein,

[[Page S3420]]

     behavioral biometrics, genetics, multimodal biometrics, and 
     emerging applications of biometric identification technology;
       (4) study the use of privacy-enhancing technologies and 
     other technical protective controls to facilitate access, as 
     appropriate, to public data sets for biometric research;
       (5) conduct outreach and coordination to share technical 
     expertise with relevant industry and nonindustry stakeholders 
     and standards development organizations to assist such 
     entities in the development of best practices and voluntary 
     technical standards; and
       (6) develop such standard reference artifacts as the 
     Director determines is necessary to further the development 
     of such voluntary technical standards.
       (b) Biometrics Test Program.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the 
     Director, shall carry out a test program to provide 
     biometrics vendors the opportunity to test biometric 
     identification technologies across a range of modalities.
       (2) Activities.--In carrying out the program under this 
     subsection, the Director shall--
       (A) conduct research and regular testing to improve and 
     benchmark the accuracy, efficacy, and bias of biometric 
     identification technologies, which may include research and 
     testing on demographic variations, capture devices, 
     presentation attack detection, partially occluded or computer 
     generated images, privacy and security designs and controls, 
     template protection, de-identification, and comparison of 
     algorithm, human, and combined algorithm-human recognition 
     capability;
       (B) develop an approach for testing software and cloud-
     based biometrics applications, including remote systems, in 
     Institute test facilities;
       (C) establish reference use cases for biometric 
     identification technologies and performance criteria for 
     assessing each use case, including accuracy, efficacy, and 
     bias metrics;
       (D) produce public-facing reports of the findings from such 
     testing for a general audience;
       (E) develop policies and procedures accounting for the 
     legal and social implications of activities under this 
     paragraph when working with a foreign entity of concern (as 
     such term is defined in section 10612);
       (F) establish procedures to prioritize testing of 
     biometrics identification technologies developed by entities 
     headquartered in the United States; and
       (G) conduct such other activities as determined necessary 
     by the Director.
       (c) GAO Report to Congress.--Not later than 18 months after 
     the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller 
     General of the United States shall submit a detailed report 
     to Congress on the impact of biometric identification 
     technologies on historically marginalized communities, 
     including low-income communities and minority religious, 
     racial, and ethnic groups. Such report should be made 
     publicly available on an internet website.

     SEC. 10227. FEDERAL BIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.

       Subsection (b) of section 20 of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' after the 
     semicolon;
       (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and inserting 
     ``; and''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(4) performance standards and guidelines for high risk 
     biometric identification systems, including facial 
     recognition systems, accounting for various use cases, types 
     of biometric identification systems, and relevant operational 
     conditions.''.

     SEC. 10228. PROTECTING RESEARCH FROM CYBERSECURITY THEFT.

       Subparagraph (A) of section 2(e)(1) of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
     272(e)(1)) is amended--
       (1) in clause (viii), by striking ``and'' after the 
     semicolon;
       (2) by redesignating clause (ix) as clause (x); and
       (3) by inserting after clause (viii) the following:
       ``(ix) consider institutions of higher education (as such 
     term is defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 
     1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)); and''.

     SEC. 10229. DISSEMINATION OF RESOURCES FOR RESEARCH 
                   INSTITUTIONS.

       (a) Dissemination of Resources for Research Institutions.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Director shall, using the 
     authorities of the Director under subsections (c)(15) and 
     (e)(1)(A)(ix) of section 2 of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272), disseminate and 
     make publicly available tailored resources to help qualifying 
     institutions identify, assess, manage, and reduce their 
     cybersecurity risk related to conducting research.
       (2) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that the 
     resources disseminated pursuant to paragraph (1)--
       (A) are generally applicable and usable by a wide range of 
     qualifying institutions;
       (B) vary with the nature and size of the qualifying 
     institutions, and the nature and sensitivity of the data 
     collected or stored on the information systems or devices of 
     the qualifying institutions;
       (C) include elements that promote awareness of simple, 
     basic controls, a workplace cybersecurity culture, and third-
     party stakeholder relationships, to assist qualifying 
     institutions in mitigating common cybersecurity risks;
       (D) include case studies, examples, and scenarios of 
     practical application;
       (E) are outcomes-based and can be implemented using a 
     variety of technologies that are commercial and off-the-
     shelf; and
       (F) to the extent practicable, are based on international 
     technical standards.
       (3) National cybersecurity awareness and education 
     program.--The Director shall ensure that the resources 
     disseminated under paragraph (1) are consistent with the 
     efforts of the Director under section 303 of the 
     Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7443).
       (4) Updates.--The Director shall review periodically and 
     update the resources under paragraph (1) as the Director 
     determines appropriate.
       (5) Voluntary resources.--The use of the resources 
     disseminated under paragraph (1) shall be considered 
     voluntary.
       (b) Other Federal Cybersecurity Requirements.--Nothing in 
     this section may be construed to supersede, alter, or 
     otherwise affect any cybersecurity requirements applicable to 
     Federal agencies.
       (c) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Qualifying institutions.--The term ``qualifying 
     institutions'' means institutions of higher education that 
     are awarded in excess of $50,000,000 per year in total 
     Federal research funding.
       (2) Resources.--The term ``resources'' means guidelines, 
     tools, best practices, technical standards, methodologies, 
     and other ways of providing information.

     SEC. 10230. ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH.

       The National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
     U.S.C. 271 et seq.) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating section 35 as section 36; and
       (2) by inserting after section 34 the following:

     ``SEC. 35. ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH ACTIVITIES.

       ``(a) Advanced Communications Research.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director, in consultation with the 
     Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information, the 
     Director of the National Science Foundation, and heads of 
     other Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry out a 
     program of measurement research for advanced communications 
     technologies.
       ``(2) Research areas.--Research areas may include--
       ``(A) radio frequency emissions and interference, including 
     technologies and techniques to mitigate such emissions and 
     interference;
       ``(B) advanced antenna arrays and artificial intelligence 
     systems capable of operating advanced antenna arrays;
       ``(C) artificial intelligence systems to enable internet of 
     things networks, immersive technology, and other advanced 
     communications technologies;
       ``(D) network sensing and monitoring technologies;
       ``(E) technologies to enable spectrum flexibility and 
     agility;
       ``(F) optical and quantum communications technologies;
       ``(G) security of advanced communications systems;
       ``(H) public safety communications;
       ``(I) resilient internet of things applications for 
     advanced manufacturing; and
       ``(J) other research areas determined necessary by the 
     Director.
       ``(3) Testbeds.--In coordination with the Assistant 
     Secretary for Communications and Information, the private 
     sector, and other Federal agencies as appropriate, the 
     Director may develop and manage testbeds for research and 
     development of advanced communications technologies, avoiding 
     duplication of existing testbeds run by other agencies or the 
     private sector.
       ``(4) Outreach.--In carrying out the activities under this 
     subsection, the Director shall seek input from other Federal 
     agencies and from private sector stakeholders, on an ongoing 
     basis, to help inform research and development priorities, 
     including through workshops and other multistakeholder 
     activities.
       ``(5) Technical roadmaps.--In carrying out the activities 
     under this subsection, the Director shall convene industry, 
     institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, 
     Federal laboratories, and other Federal agencies engaged in 
     advanced communications research and development to develop, 
     and periodically update, coordinated technical roadmaps for 
     advanced communications research in priority areas, such as 
     those described in paragraph (2).
       ``(b) National Advanced Spectrum and Communications Test 
     Network.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the 
     Administrator of the National Telecommunications and 
     Information Administration and heads of other Federal 
     agencies, as appropriate, shall operate a national network of 
     government, academic, and commercial test capabilities and 
     facilities to be known as the National Advanced Spectrum and 
     Communications Test Network (referred to in this section as 
     `NASCTN').

[[Page S3421]]

       ``(2) Purposes.--NASCTN shall be for the purposes of 
     facilitating and coordinating the use of intellectual 
     capacity, modeling and simulation, laboratory facilities, and 
     test facilities to meet national spectrum interests and 
     challenges, including--
       ``(A) measurements and analyses of electromagnetic 
     propagation, radio systems characteristics, and operating 
     techniques affecting the utilization of the electromagnetic 
     spectrum in coordination with specialized, related research 
     and analysis performed by other Federal agencies in their 
     areas of responsibility;
       ``(B) conducting research and analysis in the general field 
     of telecommunications sciences in support of the Institute's 
     mission and in support of other Government agencies;
       ``(C) developing methodologies for testing, measuring, and 
     setting guidelines for interference;
       ``(D) conducting interference tests to better understand 
     the impact of current and proposed Federal and commercial 
     spectrum activities;
       ``(E) conducting research and testing to improve spectrum 
     interference tolerance, flexibility, agility, and 
     interference mitigation methods; and
       ``(F) other activities as determined necessary by the 
     Director.''.

     SEC. 10231. NEUTRON SCATTERING.

       (a) Strategic Plan for the Institute Neutron Reactor.--The 
     Director shall develop a strategic plan for the future of the 
     NIST Center for Neutron Research after the current neutron 
     reactor is decommissioned, including--
       (1) a succession plan for the reactor, including a roadmap 
     with timeline and milestones;
       (2) conceptual design of a new reactor and accompanying 
     facilities, as appropriate; and
       (3) a plan to minimize disruptions to the user community 
     during the transition.
       (b) Coordination With the Department of Energy.--The 
     Secretary, acting through the Director, shall coordinate with 
     the Secretary of Energy on issues related to Federal support 
     for neutron science, including estimation of long-term needs 
     for research using neutron sources, and planning efforts for 
     future facilities to meet such needs.
       (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 30 months after the 
     date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to 
     Congress the plan required under subsection (a), and shall 
     notify Congress of any substantial updates to such plan in 
     subsequent years.

     SEC. 10232. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall continue to support the 
     development of artificial intelligence and data science, and 
     carry out the activities of the National Artificial 
     Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 authorized in division E 
     of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2021 (Public Law 116-283), including through--
       (1) expanding the Institute's capabilities, including 
     scientific staff and research infrastructure;
       (2) supporting measurement research and development for 
     advanced computer chips and hardware designed for artificial 
     intelligence systems;
       (3) supporting the development of technical standards and 
     guidelines that promote safe and trustworthy artificial 
     intelligence systems, such as enhancing the accuracy, 
     explainability, privacy, reliability, robustness, safety, 
     security, and mitigation of harmful bias in artificial 
     intelligence systems;
       (4) creating a framework for managing risks associated with 
     artificial intelligence systems; and
       (5) developing and publishing cybersecurity tools, 
     encryption methods, and best practices for artificial 
     intelligence and data science.
       (b) AI Testbeds.--Section 22A of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278h-1) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
       (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
       ``(g) Testbeds.--In coordination with other Federal 
     agencies as appropriate, the private sector, and institutions 
     of higher education (as such term is defined in section 101 
     of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), the 
     Director may establish testbeds, including in virtual 
     environments, to support the development of robust and 
     trustworthy artificial intelligence and machine learning 
     systems, including testbeds that examine the vulnerabilities 
     and conditions that may lead to failure in, malfunction of, 
     or attacks on such systems.''.

     SEC. 10233. SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

       In accordance with section 263 of the National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 9303), the 
     Director shall carry out activities in support of sustainable 
     chemistry, including coordinating and partnering with 
     academia, industry, nonprofit organizations, and other 
     entities in activities to support clean, safe, and economic 
     alternatives, technologies, and methodologies to traditional 
     chemical products and processes.

     SEC. 10234. PREMISE PLUMBING RESEARCH.

       (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the 
     Director, shall create a program, in consultation with the 
     Environmental Protection Agency, for premise plumbing 
     research, including to--
       (1) conduct metrology research on premise plumbing in 
     relation to water safety, security, efficiency, 
     sustainability, and resilience; and
       (2) coordinate research activities with academia, the 
     private sector, nonprofit organizations, and other Federal 
     agencies.
       (b) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the term 
     ``premise plumbing'' means the water distribution system 
     located within the property lines of a property, including 
     all buildings and permanent structures on such property. Such 
     term includes building supply and distribution pipes, 
     fixtures, fittings, water heaters, water-treating and water-
     using equipment, and all respective joints, connections, 
     devices, and appurtenances.

     SEC. 10235. DR. DAVID SATCHER CYBERSECURITY EDUCATION GRANT 
                   PROGRAM.

       (a) Authorization of Grants.--
       (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
     appropriations, the Director shall carry out the Dr. David 
     Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program by--
       (A) awarding grants to assist institutions of higher 
     education that have an enrollment of needy students, 
     historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges 
     and Universities, and minority-serving institutions, to 
     establish or expand cybersecurity programs, to build and 
     upgrade institutional capacity to better support new or 
     existing cybersecurity programs, including cybersecurity 
     partnerships with public and private entities, and to support 
     such institutions on the path to producing qualified entrants 
     in the cybersecurity workforce or becoming a National Center 
     of Academic Excellence in Cybersecurity; and
       (B) awarding grants to build capacity at institutions of 
     higher education that have an enrollment of needy students, 
     historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges 
     and Universities, and minority-serving institutions, to 
     expand cybersecurity education opportunities, cybersecurity 
     programs, cybersecurity research, and cybersecurity 
     partnerships with public and private entities.
       (2) Reservation.--The Director shall award not less than 50 
     percent of the amount available for grants under this section 
     to historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal 
     Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving institutions.
       (3) Coordination.--The Director shall carry out this 
     section in coordination with appropriate Federal agencies, 
     including the Departments of Homeland Security, Education, 
     and Labor.
       (4) Sunset.--The Director's authority to award grants under 
     paragraph (1) shall terminate on the date that is 5 years 
     after the date the Director first awards a grant under 
     paragraph (1).
       (b) Applications.--An eligible institution seeking a grant 
     under subsection (a) shall submit an application to the 
     Director at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
     information as the Director may reasonably require, including 
     a statement of how the institution will use the funds awarded 
     through the grant to expand cybersecurity education 
     opportunities at the eligible institution.
       (c) Activities.--An eligible institution that receives a 
     grant under this section may use the funds awarded through 
     such grant for increasing research, education, technical, 
     partnership, and innovation capacity, including for--
       (1) building and upgrading institutional capacity to better 
     support new or existing cybersecurity programs, including 
     cybersecurity partnerships with public and private entities;
       (2) building and upgrading institutional capacity to 
     provide hands-on research and training experiences for 
     undergraduate and graduate students; and
       (3) outreach and recruitment to ensure students are aware 
     of such new or existing cybersecurity programs, including 
     cybersecurity partnerships with public and private entities.
       (d) Reporting Requirements.--Not later than--
       (1) one year after the effective date of this section, as 
     provided in subsection (f), and annually thereafter until the 
     Director submits the report under paragraph (2), the Director 
     shall prepare and submit to Congress a report on the status 
     and progress of implementation of the grant program under 
     this section, including on the number and demographics of 
     institutions participating, the number and nature of students 
     served by cybersecurity programs at institutions receiving 
     grants, as well as the number of certificates or degrees 
     awarded through such cybersecurity programs, the level of 
     funding provided to grant recipients, the types of activities 
     being funded by the grants program, and plans for future 
     implementation and development; and
       (2) five years after the effective date of this section, as 
     provided in subsection (f), the Director shall prepare and 
     submit to Congress a report on the status of cybersecurity 
     education programming and capacity-building at institutions 
     receiving grants under this section, including changes in the 
     scale and scope of these programs, associated facilities, or 
     in accreditation status, and on the educational and 
     employment outcomes of students participating in 
     cybersecurity programs that have received support under this 
     section.
       (e) Performance Metrics.--The Director shall establish 
     performance metrics for grants awarded under this section.

[[Page S3422]]

       (f) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect 1 year 
     after the date of enactment of this Act.

                     Subtitle C--General Activities

     SEC. 10241. EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH AND SUPPORT FOR 
                   UNDERREPRESENTED COMMUNITIES.

       Section 18 of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-1) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a), in the second sentence--
       (A) by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall''; and
       (B) by striking ``academia'' and inserting ``diverse types 
     of institutions of higher education, including historically 
     Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges and 
     Universities, and minority-serving institutions, and 
     community colleges''; and
       (2) in subsection (e)--
       (A) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (B) in paragraph (5), by striking the period at the end and 
     inserting ``; and''; and
       (C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
       ``(6) conduct outreach to and develop research 
     collaborations with historically Black colleges and 
     universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority 
     serving institutions, including through the recruitment of 
     students and faculty at such institutions to participate in 
     programs developed under paragraph (3);
       ``(7) conduct outreach to and develop research 
     collaborations with community colleges, including through the 
     recruitment of students and faculty at such institutions to 
     participate in programs developed under paragraph (3);
       ``(8) carry out other activities to increase the 
     participation of persons historically underrepresented in 
     STEM in the Institute's programs; and
       ``(9) conduct outreach to and develop collaborations with 
     nontraditional educational organizations, including those 
     that offer training through nonprofit associations and 
     professional associations or professional societies, to 
     engage persons historically underrepresented in STEM through 
     programs developed under this subsection.''.

     SEC. 10242. OTHER TRANSACTIONS AUTHORITY.

       (a) In General.--Paragraph (4) of section 2(b) of the 
     National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
     272(b)) is amended to read as follows:
       ``(4) to enter into and perform such contracts, including 
     cooperative research and development arrangements and grants 
     and cooperative agreements or other transactions, as may be 
     necessary in the conduct of its work and on such terms as it 
     may determine appropriate, in furtherance of the purposes of 
     this Act;''.
       (b) Reporting.--Not later than one year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act and not less than annually 
     thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
     Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on 
     Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the 
     Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the 
     Committee on Appropriations of the Senate a report on the use 
     of agreements, activities, and associated funding for 
     transactions (other than contracts, cooperative agreements, 
     and grants) described in paragraph (4) of section 2(b) of the 
     National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (as 
     amended by subsection (a)), including the following elements:
       (1) A description of when the other transactions authority 
     described in such amended paragraph was used and for what 
     purpose.
       (2) A description of why such other transactions authority 
     was required.
       (3) Steps taken to ensure necessary and sufficient 
     oversight of Federal Government requirements implemented 
     using such other transactions authority.

     SEC. 10243. REPORT TO CONGRESS ON COLLABORATIONS WITH 
                   GOVERNMENT AGENCIES.

       Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of 
     this Act, the Director shall submit a report to the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on 
     Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the 
     Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the 
     Committee on Appropriations of the Senate describing the 
     Institute's challenges with respect to collaboration between 
     the Institute and other Federal agencies. The report shall 
     include, at a minimum--
       (1) an assessment of the challenges that arise with 
     interagency collaboration, including transfer of funds with a 
     limited period of availability to the Institute and issues 
     with sharing personnel, associates, facilities, and property 
     with collaborating agencies; and
       (2) descriptions of projects that were disrupted due to the 
     challenges outlined in paragraph (1).

     SEC. 10244. HIRING CRITICAL TECHNICAL EXPERTS.

       Section 6 of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 275) is amended to read as follows:

     ``SEC. 6. HIRING CRITICAL TECHNICAL EXPERTS.

       ``(a) In General.--The officers and employees of the 
     Institute, except the director, shall be appointed by the 
     Secretary at such time as their respective services may 
     become necessary.
       ``(b) Hiring Critical Technical Experts.--Notwithstanding 
     section 3104 of title 5 or the provisions of any other law 
     relating to the appointment, number, classification, or 
     compensation of employees, the Secretary shall have the 
     authority to make appointments of scientific, engineering, 
     and professional personnel, and to fix the basic pay of such 
     personnel at a rate to be determined by the Secretary at 
     rates not in excess of the highest total annual compensation 
     payable at the rate determined under section 104 of title 3, 
     United States Code. The Director shall appoint not more than 
     15 personnel under this section.
       ``(c) Sunset.--The authority under section (b) shall expire 
     on the date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment 
     of this section.''.

     SEC. 10245. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) the principles of openness, transparency, due process, 
     balance of interests, appeals, and consensus in the 
     development of international standards are critical;
       (2) voluntary consensus standards, developed through an 
     industry-led process, serve as the cornerstone of the United 
     States standardization system and have become the basis of a 
     sound national economy and the key to global market access;
       (3) strengthening the unique United States public-private 
     partnerships approach to standards development is critical to 
     United States economic competitiveness; and
       (4) the United States Government should ensure cooperation 
     and coordination across Federal agencies to partner with and 
     support private sector stakeholders to continue to shape 
     international dialogues in regard to standards development 
     for emerging technologies.
       (b) International Standards Engagement.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall lead information 
     exchange and coordination among Federal agencies and 
     communication from Federal agencies to the private sector of 
     the United States to ensure effective Federal engagement in 
     the development and use of international technical standards.
       (2) Requirements.--To support private sector-led engagement 
     and ensure effective Federal engagement in the development 
     and use of international technical standards, the Director 
     shall consider--
       (A) the role and needs of the Federal Government with 
     respect to international technical standards;
       (B) organizations developing international technical 
     standards of interest to the United States, United States 
     representation and influence in these organizations, and key 
     contributors for technical and leadership expertise in these 
     organizations;
       (C) support for persons with domain subject matter 
     expertise, especially from small businesses located in the 
     United States, to influence and engage in technical standards 
     leadership positions, working groups and meetings;
       (D) opportunities for partnerships for supporting 
     international technical standards from across the Federal 
     Government, Federally funded research and development 
     centers, university-affiliated research centers, institutions 
     of higher education, industry, industry associations, 
     nonprofit organizations, and other key contributors;
       (E) support for activities to encourage the adoption of 
     technical standards developed in the United States to be 
     adopted by international standards organizations; and
       (F) other activities determined by the Director to be 
     necessary to support United States participation in 
     international standards development, economic 
     competitiveness, and national security in the development and 
     use of international technical standards.
       (c) Capacity Building Guidance.--The Director shall support 
     education and workforce development efforts to promote United 
     States participation in international standards 
     organizations. The Director shall--
       (1) identify and create, as appropriate, technical 
     standards education and training resources for interested 
     businesses, industry associations, academia, nonprofit 
     organizations, Federal agencies, and other relevant standards 
     contributors, including activities targeted at integrating 
     standards content into undergraduate and graduate curricula 
     in science, engineering, business, public policy, and law;
       (2) conduct outreach, including to private sector leaders, 
     to support engagement by more United States stakeholders in 
     international technical standards development; and
       (3) other activities determined necessary by the Director 
     to support increased engagement, influence, and leadership of 
     United States organizations in the development of 
     international technical standards.
       (d) Capacity Building Pilot Program.--
       (1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the 
     Director of the National Science Foundation, and the heads of 
     other relevant Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall 
     establish or enter into cooperative agreements with 
     appropriate nongovernmental organizations to establish a 5-
     year pilot program to award grants, on a merit-reviewed, 
     competitive basis, to private sector entities, institutions 
     of higher education, or nonprofit institutions based in the 
     United States to support increased participation and 
     leadership by small business and academic interests in 
     international standards organizations.
       (2) Use of funds.--Grants awarded to eligible entities 
     under this subsection may be

[[Page S3423]]

     used to cover reasonable costs, up to a specified ceiling set 
     by the Director, of activities to support increased 
     engagement and leadership of eligible entity employees in 
     international standards organizations, which may include 
     costs associated with--
       (A) travel;
       (B) education and training;
       (C) dues or fees related to participation in technical 
     standards development activities; and
       (D) other such costs that the Director determines may 
     reasonably support participation of the eligible entity in 
     international standards organizations.
       (3) Award criteria.--The Director shall ensure that award 
     decisions made under this subsection take into account the 
     extent to which the eligible entity--
       (A) employs full-time an individual or individuals who 
     demonstrate deep technical standards expertise;
       (B) employs full-time an individual or individuals who 
     demonstrate knowledge with the processes of the standards 
     development organization in which the eligible entity intends 
     to engage using grant funds;
       (C) proposes a feasible set of standard deliverables to be 
     completed over the period of the grant;
       (D) explains how the eligible entity will fund additional 
     standards-related activities necessary to achieve the 
     deliverables referred to in subparagraph (C) if the grant 
     funds are insufficient to cover all costs of such activities;
       (E) commits personnel with appropriate expertise to 
     regularly engage in relevant international organizations 
     responsible for developing technical standards over the 
     period of the grant; and
       (F) identifies a clearly defined current or anticipated 
     market need or gap that would be addressed by their standards 
     development proposal.
       (4) Eligibility.--A small business concern (as such term is 
     defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
     632) based in the United States, an institution of higher 
     education, or a nonprofit institution (as such term is 
     defined in section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
     Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703)) shall be eligible to 
     receive grants under this program.
       (5) Guidance on application and award process.--The 
     Director shall develop, and periodically update, guidance, 
     including eligibility, applicant disclosure requirements, 
     grant amount and duration, the merit review process, priority 
     areas for standards development, and any additional 
     requirements for how grants are awarded under this 
     subsection.
       (6) Merit review process.--The Director shall ensure that 
     grants under this subsection are awarded based on a 
     competitive, merit review process including the use of merit 
     review panels that may include experts from both government, 
     the private sector, and, as appropriate, academic, nonprofit, 
     or other organizations as the Director determines 
     appropriate.
       (7) Consultation.--In carrying out the pilot program 
     established under this subsection, the Director shall consult 
     with other Federal agencies, private sector organizations, 
     institutions of higher education, and nonprofit organizations 
     to help inform the pilot program, including the guidance 
     developed under paragraph (5).
       (8) Report to congress.--The Director shall brief Congress 
     after the second year of the pilot program and each year 
     following that includes the following:
       (A) An assessment of the effectiveness of the pilot program 
     for improving the participation of United States small 
     businesses, United States institutions of higher education, 
     or other nonprofit research institutions in international 
     standards organizations, including--
       (i) the type of activities supported, including leadership 
     roles;
       (ii) the international standards organizations participated 
     in; and
       (iii) the technical areas covered by the activities.
       (B) If determined effective, a plan for permanent 
     implementation of the pilot program.

     SEC. 10246. STANDARD TECHNICAL UPDATE.

       (a) National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
     Updates.--The National Institute of Standards and Technology 
     Act (15 U.S.C. 271) is amended--
       (1) by amending subsection (a) of section 17 (15 U.S.C. 
     278g) to read as follows:
       ``(a) The Secretary is authorized, notwithstanding any 
     other provision of law, to expend such sums, within the limit 
     of appropriated funds, as the Secretary may determine 
     desirable through direct support for activities of 
     international organizations and foreign national metrology 
     institutes with which the Institute cooperates to advance 
     measurement methods, technical standards, and related basic 
     technologies, for official representation, to host official 
     receptions, dinners, and similar events, and to otherwise 
     extend official courtesies, including transportation of 
     foreign dignitaries and representatives of foreign national 
     metrology institutes to and from the Institute, for the 
     purpose of maintaining the standing and prestige of the 
     Department of Commerce and the Institute, through the grant 
     of fellowships or other appropriate form of financial or 
     logistical assistance or support to foreign nationals not in 
     service to the Government of the United States while they are 
     performing scientific or engineering work at the Institute or 
     participating in the exchange of scientific or technical 
     information at the Institute.''; and
       (2) in section 20 (15 U.S.C. 278g-3)--
       (A) in subsection (c), by amending paragraph (3) to read as 
     follows:
       ``(3) submit such standards and guidelines to the Secretary 
     of Commerce for promulgation under section 11331 of title 
     40;''; and
       (B) in subsection (d)--
       (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Director of the Office 
     of Management and Budget'' and inserting ``Secretary of 
     Commerce''; and
       (ii) in paragraph (8), by striking ``Director of Management 
     and Budget with such standards submitted to the Director'' 
     and inserting ``Secretary of Commerce with such standards 
     submitted to the Secretary''.
       (b) Stevenson-Wydler Updates.--The Stevenson-Wydler 
     Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is 
     amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1) of section 17(c) (15 U.S.C. 
     3711a(c))--
       (A) by moving each of subparagraphs (D) and (E) two ems to 
     the left; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(G) Community.''; and
       (2) in subsection (m) of section 26 (15 U.S.C. 3721)--
       (A) by striking paragraph (2);
       (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); and
       (C) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated, by striking ``and 
     the Comptroller General's review under paragraph (2)''.
       (c) American Innovation and Competitiveness Act Update.--
     Section 113 of the American Innovation and Competitiveness 
     Act (15 U.S.C. 278e note) is repealed.
       (d) Clerical Amendment.--The item relating to section 113 
     in the table of contents in section 1(b) of the American 
     Innovation and Competitiveness Act is repealed.
       (e) Federal Energy Management Improvement Act Update.--
     Section 4 of the Federal Energy Management Improvement Act of 
     1988 (15 U.S.C. 5001) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``Secretary of Commerce'' and ``Secretary'' 
     each place either such term appears and inserting ``Consumer 
     Product Safety Commission'';
       (2) by redesignating the second subsection (c) as 
     subsection (e); and
       (3) in subsection (g), by redesignating clauses (i) and 
     (ii) as paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively.
       (f) Title 40, United States Code.--Section 11331 of title 
     40, United States Code, is amended by striking subsections 
     (a) through (d) and inserting the following:
       ``(a) Standards and Guidelines.--
       ``(1) Authority to prescribe.--Except as provided under 
     paragraph (2), the Secretary of Commerce shall, on the basis 
     of standards and guidelines developed by the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology pursuant to paragraphs 
     (2) and (3) of section 20(a) of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3(a)), prescribe 
     standards and guidelines pertaining to Federal information 
     systems.
       ``(2) National security systems.--Standards and guidelines 
     for national security systems shall be developed, prescribed, 
     enforced, and overseen as otherwise authorized by law and as 
     directed by the President.
       ``(b) Mandatory Requirements.--
       ``(1) Authority to make mandatory.--Except as provided 
     under paragraph (2), the Secretary of Commerce shall make 
     standards prescribed under subsection (a)(1) compulsory and 
     binding to the extent determined necessary by the Secretary 
     to improve the efficiency of operation or security of Federal 
     information systems.
       ``(2) Required mandatory standards.--
       ``(A) In general.--Standards prescribed under subsection 
     (a)(1) shall include information security standards that--
       ``(i) provide minimum information security requirements as 
     determined under section 20(b) of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3(b)); and
       ``(ii) are otherwise necessary to improve the security of 
     Federal information and information systems.
       ``(B) Requirement.--Information security standards 
     described in subparagraph (A) shall be compulsory and 
     binding.
       ``(c) Authority to Disapprove or Modify.--The President may 
     disapprove or modify the standards and guidelines referred to 
     in subsection (a)(1) if the President determines such action 
     to be in the public interest. The President's authority to 
     disapprove or modify such standards and guidelines may not be 
     delegated. Notice of such disapproval or modification shall 
     be published promptly in the Federal Register. Upon receiving 
     notice of such disapproval or modification, the Secretary of 
     Commerce shall immediately rescind or modify such standards 
     or guidelines as directed by the President.
       ``(d) Exercise of Authority.--To ensure fiscal and policy 
     consistency, the Secretary of Commerce shall exercise the 
     authority conferred by this section subject to direction by 
     the President and in coordination with the Director of the 
     Office of Management and Budget.
       ``(e) Application of More Stringent Standards.--The head of 
     an executive agency may employ standards for the cost-
     effective information security for Federal information 
     systems within or under the supervision of that agency that 
     are more stringent than the standards the Secretary 
     prescribes under this section if the more stringent 
     standards--
       ``(1) contain at least the applicable standards made 
     compulsory and binding by the Secretary of Commerce; and

[[Page S3424]]

       ``(2) are otherwise consistent with policies and guidelines 
     issued under section 3553 of title 44.
       ``(f) Decisions on Promulgation of Standards.--The decision 
     by the Secretary of Commerce regarding the promulgation of 
     any standard under this section shall occur not later than 6 
     months after the submission of the proposed standard to the 
     Secretary by the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology, as provided under section 20 of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3).
       ``(g) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Federal information system.--The term `Federal 
     information system' means an information system used or 
     operated by an executive agency, by a contractor of an 
     executive agency, or by another organization on behalf of an 
     executive agency.
       ``(2) Information security.--The term `information 
     security' has the meaning given that term in section 
     3552(b)(3) of title 44.
       ``(3) National security system.--The term `national 
     security system' has the meaning given that term in section 
     3552(b)(6) of title 44.''.
       (g) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Paragraph (2) of 
     section 20(a) of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3(a)) is amended by striking 
     ``section 3552(b)(5) of title 44, United States Code'' and 
     inserting ``section 3552(b)(6) of title 44, United States 
     Code''.
       (h) National Construction Safety Team Act Updates.--Section 
     4 of the National Construction Safety Team Act (15 U.S.C. 
     7303) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the following:
       ``(5) Civil suits.--Where practicable, a Team shall 
     cooperate with civil litigants without compromising a Team's 
     investigation or the evidence preservation activities as 
     described in this section.''; and
       (2) in subsection (d)--
       (A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Interagency'' 
     and inserting ``Investigation''; and
       (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or any civil suit or 
     civil action'' after ``Federal agency''.

     SEC. 10247. GAO STUDY OF NIST RESEARCH SECURITY POLICIES AND 
                   PROTOCOLS.

       (a) Evaluation.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
     States shall conduct a study of the Institute's policies and 
     protocols to protect its research and combat undue foreign 
     influence.
       (b) Matters to Be Included.--The study conducted under 
     subsection (a) shall include, to the extent practicable, the 
     following:
       (1) An analysis of steps taken by the Institute to address 
     foreign threats to Institute-funded research over the 
     previous 5 years.
       (2) An analysis of the coordination and engagement between 
     the Department of Commerce's Office of Inspector General, the 
     Department of Commerce's Office of Intelligence, the National 
     Counterintelligence and Security Center of the Office of the 
     Director of National Intelligence, and the Institute in 
     identifying and addressing concerning findings.
       (3) An assessment of the Institute's review process for 
     foreign national associates.
       (4) An assessment of the Institute's policies as it relates 
     to employees and associates participating in foreign talent 
     recruitment programs.
       (5) An assessment of the Institute's implementation of 
     conflict of interest and disclosure policies and 
     requirements, including the disclosure requirements 
     authorized in section 223 of the National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).
       (6) An assessment of the Institute's, the Department of 
     Commerce's Office of Security, the Department of Commerce's 
     Office of Intelligence, and the Department of Commerce's 
     Office of Inspector General's ability to monitor and enforce 
     conflict of interest and disclosure policies and 
     requirements, including the disclosure requirements 
     authorized in section 223 of the National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).
       (7) An assessment of the Institute's, the Department of 
     Commerce's, and the Department of Commerce's Office of 
     Inspector General's ability to conduct risk assessments of 
     research and development award applications and disclosures 
     to the Institute.
       (8) An assessment of the Institute's research security 
     training programs for both internal and externally-supported 
     researchers and associates, including training focused on 
     international collaboration, and international travel, 
     foreign interference, and rules for proper use of funds, 
     disclosure, conflict of commitment, and conflict of interest.
       (9) An analysis and summary of incidents of undue foreign 
     influence at Institute-supported research facilities and 
     programs over the past 10 years.
       (10) Recommendations for the Institute to bolster its 
     research security policies and protocols.
       (11) Other matters the Comptroller General determines 
     appropriate.
       (c) Congressional Briefing.--Not later than 180 days after 
     the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General 
     shall brief the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
     and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
     House of Representatives and the Committee of Commerce, 
     Science, and Transportation and the Select Committee on 
     Intelligence of the Senate on the findings available from the 
     evaluation conducted under subsection (a).
       (d) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit 
     to the congressional committees specified in subsection (c) a 
     report on the findings and recommendations of the evaluation 
     conducted under subsection (a).

     SEC. 10248. STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION GRANTS.

       (a) Nongovernmental Standards Development Organization 
     Defined.--In this section, the term ``nongovernmental 
     standards development organization'' means a nongovernmental 
     standards development organization (as defined in section 
     2(e) of the Office of Management and Budget Circular A-119 
     (relating to Federal participation in the development and use 
     of voluntary consensus standards in conformity assessment 
     activities), or any successor document) that adheres to the 
     American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Essential 
     Requirements for Due Process for American National Standards.
       (b) Grant Authority.--The Secretary of Commerce, acting 
     through the Director, shall establish a competitive program 
     of grants for nongovernmental standards development 
     organizations for the purposes described in subsection (c).
       (c) Purposes.--A grant awarded under subsection (b) shall 
     be used to develop, approve, disseminate, maintain, and 
     review forensic science voluntary consensus standards and 
     best practices that shall be available to the public free of 
     charge.
       (d) Additional Requirements.--The Director may promulgate 
     such requirements, guidelines, and procedures as may be 
     necessary to carry out this section.
       (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to carry out this section $2,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.

        Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

     SEC. 10251. ESTABLISHMENT OF EXPANSION AWARDS PILOT PROGRAM 
                   AS A PART OF THE HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING 
                   EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP.

       (a) Establishment of Expansion Awards Program.--The 
     National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
     271 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 25A (15 
     U.S.C. 278k-1) the following:

     ``SEC. 25B. EXPANSION AWARDS PILOT PROGRAM.

       ``(a) Definitions.--The terms used in this section have the 
     meanings given the terms in section 25.
       ``(b) Establishment.--The Director shall establish, subject 
     to the availability of appropriations, as a part of the 
     Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership under sections 
     25 and 25A, a pilot program of expansion awards among 
     participants described in subsection (c) for the purposes 
     described in subsection (e).
       ``(c) Participants.--Participants receiving awards under 
     this section shall be Centers, or a consortium of Centers (as 
     such term is defined in section 25).
       ``(d) Award Amounts.--Subject to the availability of 
     appropriations, an award for a recipient under this section 
     shall be in an amount equal to the sum of the following:
       ``(1) Such amount as the Director considers appropriate as 
     a minimum base funding level for each award under this 
     section.
       ``(2) Such additional amount as the Director considers in 
     proportion to the manufacturing density of the region of the 
     recipient.
       ``(3) Such supplemental amounts as the Director considers 
     appropriate.
       ``(e) Purpose of Awards.--An award under this section shall 
     be made for one or more of the following purposes:
       ``(1) To provide worker education, training, development, 
     and entrepreneurship training and to connect individuals or 
     business with such services offered in their community, which 
     may include employee ownership and workforce training, 
     including connecting manufacturers with career and technical 
     education entities, institutions of higher education 
     (including community colleges), workforce development boards, 
     labor organizations, and nonprofit job training providers to 
     develop and support training and job placement services, 
     including apprenticeship and online learning platforms, for 
     new and incumbent workers, programming to prevent job losses 
     when adopting new technologies and processes, and development 
     of employee ownership practices.
       ``(2) To provide services to improve the resiliency of 
     domestic supply chains.
       ``(3) To mitigate vulnerabilities to cyberattacks, 
     including helping to offset the cost of cybersecurity 
     projects for small manufacturers.
       ``(4) To expand advanced technology services to United 
     States-based small- and medium-sized manufacturers, which may 
     include--
       ``(A) developing technology demonstration laboratories;
       ``(B) training and demonstration in areas of supply chain 
     and critical technology needs, including a focus on the 
     demonstration of technologies developed by companies based in 
     the United States;
       ``(C) services for the adoption of advanced technologies, 
     including smart manufacturing technologies and practices; and
       ``(D) establishing partnerships, for the development, 
     demonstration, and deployment of advanced technologies, 
     with--
       ``(i) national laboratories (as defined in section 2 of the 
     Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));

[[Page S3425]]

       ``(ii) Federal laboratories;
       ``(iii) Manufacturing USA institutes (as described in 
     section 34(d)); and
       ``(iv) institutions of higher education.
       ``(5) To build capabilities across the Hollings 
     Manufacturing Extension Partnership for domestic supply chain 
     resiliency and optimization, including--
       ``(A) assessment of domestic manufacturing capabilities, 
     expanded capacity for researching and deploying information 
     on supply chain risk, hidden costs of reliance on offshore 
     suppliers, redesigning products and processes to encourage 
     reshoring, and other relevant topics; and
       ``(B) expanded services to provide industrywide support 
     that assists United States manufacturers with reshoring 
     manufacturing to strengthen the resiliency of domestic supply 
     chains, including in critical technology areas and 
     foundational manufacturing capabilities that are key to 
     domestic manufacturing competitiveness and resiliency, 
     including forming, casting, machining, joining, surface 
     treatment, tooling, and metal or chemical refining.
       ``(f) Reimbursement.--The Director may reimburse Centers 
     for costs incurred by the Centers under this section.
       ``(g) Applications.--Applications for awards under this 
     section shall be submitted in such manner, at such time, and 
     containing such information as the Director shall require in 
     consultation with the Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
     Advisory Board.
       ``(h) Selection.--
       ``(1) Reviewed and merit-based.--The Director shall ensure 
     that awards under this section are reviewed and merit-based.
       ``(2) Geographic diversity.--The Director shall endeavor to 
     have broad geographic diversity among selected proposals.
       ``(3) Criteria.--The Director shall select applications 
     consistent with the purposes identified pursuant to 
     subsection (e) to receive awards that the Director determines 
     will achieve one or more of the following:
       ``(A) Improvement of the competitiveness of industries in 
     the region in which the Center or Centers are located.
       ``(B) Creation of jobs or training of newly hired 
     employees.
       ``(C) Promotion of the transfer and commercialization of 
     research and technology from institutions of higher 
     education, national laboratories, or other federally funded 
     research programs, and nonprofit research institutes.
       ``(D) Recruitment of a diverse manufacturing workforce, 
     including through outreach to underrepresented populations, 
     including individuals identified in section 33 or section 34 
     of the Science and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1885a, 1885b).
       ``(E) Any other result the Director determines will advance 
     the objective set forth in section 25(c) or 25A.
       ``(i) Program Contribution.--Recipients of awards under 
     this section shall not be required to provide a matching 
     contribution.
       ``(j) Global Marketplace Projects.--In making an award 
     under this section, the Director, in consultation with the 
     Manufacturing Extension Partnership Advisory Board and the 
     Secretary, may take into consideration whether an application 
     has significant potential for enhancing the competitiveness 
     of small and medium-sized United States manufacturers in the 
     global marketplace.
       ``(k) Duration.--The Director shall ensure that the 
     duration of an award under this section is aligned and 
     consistent with a Center's cooperative agreement established 
     in section 25(e).
       ``(l) Report.--Not later than October 1, 2025, the Director 
     shall submit to Congress a report that includes--
       ``(1) a summary description of what activities were funded 
     and the measurable outcomes of such activities;
       ``(2) a description of which types of activities under 
     paragraph (1) could remain as part of a permanent expansion 
     awards program;
       ``(3) a description of which types of activities under 
     paragraph (1) could be integrated into, and supported under, 
     the program under section 25;
       ``(4) a description of which types of activities under 
     paragraph (1) could be integrated into, and supported under, 
     the competitive awards program under section 25A; and
       ``(5) a recommendation, supported by a clear explanation, 
     as to whether the pilot program should be continued.''.
       (b) Resource Optimization.--Of amounts authorized for the 
     Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
     section 25 of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k), the Secretary shall optimize 
     funding across sections 25 and 25A of such Act, as well as 
     the program established under section 25B of such Act (as 
     added by subsection (a)), to the extent practicable and 
     subject to the availability of appropriations, in order to 
     maximize Center (as such term is defined in such section 25) 
     participation as well as competitiveness, productivity, and 
     technological performance in United States manufacturing.

     SEC. 10252. UPDATE TO HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION 
                   PARTNERSHIP.

       (a) Acceptance of Funds.--Subsection (l) of section 25 of 
     the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
     U.S.C. 278k) is amended to read as follows:
       ``(l) Acceptance of Funds.--
       ``(1) In general.--To the extent provided in advance in 
     appropriations Acts, other Federal departments and agencies 
     may transfer amounts to the Institute, and the Secretary and 
     Director may accept and make available cash donations from 
     the private sector pursuant to section 2(c)(7), to be used 
     for strengthening United States manufacturing under this 
     section.
       ``(2) Competitive awards.--Funds accepted from other 
     Federal departments and agencies and from the private sector 
     under paragraph (1) shall be awarded competitively by the 
     Secretary and Director to Centers, provided that the 
     Secretary and Director may make noncompetitive awards, 
     pursuant to this section or section 25A, or as a non-
     competitive contract, as appropriate, if the Secretary and 
     Director determine that--
       ``(A) the manufacturing market or sector targeted is 
     limited geographically or in scope;
       ``(B) the number of States (or territory, in the case of 
     Puerto Rico) with Centers serving manufacturers of such 
     market or sector is five or fewer; and
       ``(C) such Center has or Centers have received a positive 
     evaluation in the most recent evaluation conducted pursuant 
     to subsection (g).''.
       (b) Supporting American Manufacturing.--Section 25 of the 
     National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
     278k) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)(5)--
       (A) by striking ``or consortium thereof,''; and
       (B) by inserting ``or a consortium thereof'' before the 
     period at the end of the sentence;
       (2) in subsection (c)(4), by inserting ``United States-
     based'' before ``industrial'';
       (3) in subsection (d)--
       (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``at United States-based 
     industrial facilities, including small and medium 
     manufacturing companies'' before ``based'';
       (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``United States-based'' 
     before ``companies''; and
       (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``United States-based'' 
     before ``small'';
       (4) in subsection (f)(5)(B)(i), by inserting ``in the 
     United States'' before the semicolon at the end of the 
     clause; and
       (5) in subsection (n)(1)(A), by inserting ``United States-
     based'' before ``small''.
       (c) Amending the MEP Competitive Awards Program.--Section 
     25A(c)(2) of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k-1(c)(2)) is amended by 
     inserting ``United States'' before ``manufacturers''.
       (d) MEP Outreach.--Section 25 of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (c)--
       (A) in paragraph (6), by striking ``community colleges and 
     area career and technical education schools'' and inserting 
     the following: ``secondary schools, community colleges, and 
     area career and technical education schools, including those 
     in underserved and rural communities,''; and
       (B) in paragraph (7)--
       (i) by striking ``and local colleges'' and inserting 
     ``local secondary schools and local colleges, including 
     historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges 
     or Universities, minority-serving institutions, community 
     colleges, and secondary schools and colleges in underserved 
     and rural communities,''; and
       (ii) by inserting ``or other applied learning 
     opportunities'' after ``apprenticeships''; and
       (2) in subsection (d)(3), by striking ``, community 
     colleges, and area career and technical education schools,'' 
     and inserting the following: ``and local high schools, 
     community colleges, and area career and technical education 
     schools, including those in underserved and rural 
     communities,''.

     SEC. 10253. NATIONAL SUPPLY CHAIN DATABASE.

       (a) Establishment of National Supply Chain Database.--The 
     Director shall establish a voluntary National Supply Chain 
     Database, subject to the availability of appropriations.
       (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the voluntary National Supply 
     Chain Database shall be to assist the Federal Government and 
     industry sectors in minimizing disruptions to the United 
     States supply chain by having an assessment of United States 
     manufacturers' capabilities.
       (c) Study on National Supply Chain Database.--In 
     establishing the National Supply Chain Database, the Director 
     shall consider the findings and recommendations from the 
     study authorized pursuant to section 9413 of the National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 
     116-283), including measures to secure and protect the 
     Database from adversarial attacks and vulnerabilities.
       (d) Database and Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall establish the 
     infrastructure for the National Supply Chain Database through 
     the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, established 
     pursuant to section 25 of the National Institute of Standards 
     and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k), by connecting 
     information from the Centers (as such term is defined in such 
     section) through the Database.
       (2) National view.--The Director shall ensure that 
     connections under paragraph (1)--
       (A) provide a national overview of the networks of supply 
     chains of the United States; and
       (B) support understanding of whether there is a need for 
     some manufacturers to retool in

[[Page S3426]]

     some critical areas to meet the urgent need for key products.
       (3) Individual hollings manufacturing extension partnership 
     center databases.--
       (A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that--
       (i) each Center is connected to the National Supply Chain 
     Database; and
       (ii) each supply chain database maintained by a Center is 
     interoperable with the Database.
       (B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section may be 
     construed to require a State or territory of the United 
     States to establish a new supply chain database through the 
     Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership program.
       (e) Maintenance of National Supply Chain Database.--The 
     Director, acting through the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
     Partnership program or a designee of the program--
       (1) shall maintain the National Supply Chain Database as an 
     integration of State-level databases from the Center of each 
     State or territory of the United States;
       (2) may populate the Database with information from past or 
     current clients of Centers; and
       (3) may include in the Database information voluntarily 
     provided by non-client private sector entities based and 
     operating in the United States, as applicable and 
     appropriate.
       (f) Database Content.--The National Supply Chain Database 
     may include the following:
       (1) Basic private sector entity information.
       (2) An overview of capabilities, accreditations, and 
     products.
       (3) Proprietary information.
       (g) Standard Classification System.--The National Supply 
     Chain Database may, where applicable, use the North American 
     Industry Classification System (NAICS) Codes as follows:
       (1) Sector 31-33 - Manufacturing.
       (2) Sector 54 - Professional, Scientific, and Technical 
     Services.
       (3) Sector 48-49 - Transportation and Warehousing.
       (h) Levels.--The National Supply Chain Database shall be 
     multi-leveled as agreed to under terms of mutual disclosure 
     as follows:
       (1) Level 1 shall have the capability to provide basic 
     private sector entity information and shall be available to 
     the public.
       (2) Level 2 shall have the capability to provide a deeper, 
     nonproprietary overview into capabilities, products, and 
     accreditations and shall be available to all companies that 
     contribute to the Database.
       (3) Level 3 shall have the capability to hold proprietary 
     information.
       (i) Matters Relating to Disclosure and Access.--
       (1) FOIA exemption.--The National Supply Chain Database, 
     and any information contained therein that is not publicly 
     released by the Institute, shall be exempt from public 
     disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United States 
     Code.
       (2) Limitation on access to content.--Access to a 
     contributing private sector entity's nonpublic content in the 
     National Supply Chain Database shall be limited to--
       (A) the contributing private sector entity, the Institute, 
     and staff from a Center who sign a nondisclosure agreement, 
     and
       (B) other Federal departments and agencies,
     as the Director considers appropriate.
       (3) Aggregated information.--The Director may make 
     aggregated, de-identified information available to 
     contributing companies, Centers, or the public, as the 
     Director considers appropriate, in support of the purposes of 
     this section.
       (j) Coordination With National Technology and Industrial 
     Base Council.--The Director, acting through the Hollings 
     Manufacturing Extension Partnership program, may work with 
     the National Defense Technology and Industrial Base Council 
     established under section 4812 of title 10, United States 
     Code, as the Director considers appropriate, to include in 
     the National Supply Chain Database information regarding the 
     defense manufacturing supply chain.
       (k) Protections.--
       (1) In general.--Supply chain information that is 
     voluntarily and lawfully submitted to the National Supply 
     Chain Database by a private sector entity and accompanied by 
     an express statement described in paragraph (2)--
       (A) shall be exempt from disclosure under section 552(b)(3) 
     of title 5, United States Code;
       (B) may not be made available pursuant to any Federal, 
     State, local, or Tribal authority pursuant to any Federal, 
     State, local, or Tribal law requiring public disclosure of 
     information or records; and
       (C) may not, without the written consent of the private 
     sector entity submitting such information, be used directly 
     by the Director, or any other Federal, State, or local 
     authority in any civil enforcement action brought by a 
     Federal, State, Tribal, or local authority.
       (2) Express statement.--The express statement described in 
     this paragraph, with respect to information or records, is--
       (A) in the case of written information or records, a 
     written marking on the information or records substantially 
     similar to the following: ``This information is voluntarily 
     submitted to the Federal Government in expectation of 
     protection from disclosure as provided by the provisions of 
     section 10253(k) of the Research and Development, 
     Competition, and Innovation Act.''; or
       (B) in the case of oral information, a written statement 
     similar to the statement described in subparagraph (A) 
     submitted within a reasonable period following the oral 
     communication.
       (l) Rules of Construction.--
       (1) Private entities.--Nothing in this section may be 
     construed to require any private sector entity to share data, 
     including proprietary information, with the Director or the 
     National Supply Chain Database.
       (2) Prohibition on new regulatory authority.--Nothing in 
     this section may be construed to grant the Director, or the 
     head of any other Federal agency, any authority to promulgate 
     regulations or set standards on manufacturers, based on data 
     within the National Supply Chain Database, that was not in 
     effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this 
     section.

     SEC. 10254. HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP 
                   ACTIVITIES.

       Section 70924(b) of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs 
     Act (Public Law 117-58) is amended to read as follows:
       ``(b) Automatic Enrollment in GSA Advantage.--The 
     Administrator of the General Services Administration and the 
     Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Under Secretary of 
     Commerce for Standards and Technology, shall jointly ensure 
     that businesses that participate in the Hollings 
     Manufacturing Extension Partnership, and so desire, are 
     automatically enrolled in General Services Administration 
     Advantage.''.

     SEC. 10255. AMENDMENT TO THE HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION 
                   PARTNERSHIP RELATING TO INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER 
                   EDUCATION.

       Subsection (a) of section 25 of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating paragraph (6) (relating to the 
     definition of ``Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
     or Program'') as paragraph (7);
       (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following new 
     paragraph:
       ``(6) Historically black college and university.--The term 
     `historically Black college and university' has the meaning 
     given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the 
     Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).'';
       (3) by redesignating the second paragraph (7) (relating to 
     the definition of ``MEP Advisory Board'') as paragraph (8);
       (4) by inserting after paragraph (6) (as inserted by 
     paragraph (2), relating to the definition of ``historically 
     Black college and university'') the following new paragraph:
       ``(7) Institution of higher education.--The term 
     `institution of higher education' has the meaning given such 
     term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
     U.S.C. 1001).''; and
       (5) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
       ``(9) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
     serving institution' means a Hispanic-serving institution as 
     defined in section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
     (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)); an Alaska Native-serving institution or 
     Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section 
     317(b) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)); or a Predominantly 
     Black institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific 
     Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving 
     nontribal institution as defined in section 371(c) of such 
     Act (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
       ``(10) Secondary school.--The term `secondary school' has 
     the meaning given such term in section 8101 of the Elementary 
     and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
       ``(11) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal 
     College or University' has the meaning given the term `Tribal 
     College or University' in section 316 of the Higher Education 
     Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).''.

                 Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

     SEC. 10261. SUPPORTING GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY.

       Section 34(e) of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(e)) is amended by adding at 
     the end the following:
       ``(8) Diversity preferences.--In awarding financial 
     assistance under paragraph (1) for planning or establishing a 
     Manufacturing USA institute, an agency head shall give 
     special consideration to Manufacturing USA institutes that--
       ``(A) contribute to the geographic diversity of the 
     Manufacturing USA Program;
       ``(B) are located in an area with a low per capita income;
       ``(C) are located in an area with a high proportion of 
     socially disadvantaged residents; or
       ``(D) are located in small and rural communities.''.

     SEC. 10262. EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES THROUGH THE MANUFACTURING 
                   USA PROGRAM.

       (a) In General.--The Secretary of Commerce, in consultation 
     with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and 
     the heads of such other Federal agencies as the Secretary of 
     Commerce considers relevant, shall coordinate with existing 
     and new Manufacturing USA institutes to integrate covered 
     entities as active members of the Manufacturing USA 
     institutes, including through the development of preferences 
     in selection criteria for proposals to create new 
     Manufacturing USA institutes or renew existing Manufacturing 
     USA institutes that include one or more covered entities.

[[Page S3427]]

       (b) Covered Entities.--For purposes of this subsection, a 
     covered entity is--
       (1) an historically Black college and university;
       (2) a Tribal College or University;
       (3) a minority-serving institution;
       (4) a minority business enterprise (as such term is defined 
     in section 1400.2 of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, 
     or successor regulation); or
       (5) a rural-serving institution of higher education (as 
     such term is defined in section 861 of the Higher Education 
     Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1161q)).

     SEC. 10263. PROMOTING DOMESTIC PRODUCTION OF TECHNOLOGIES 
                   DEVELOPED UNDER MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

       (a) Department of Commerce Policies to Promote Domestic 
     Production of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA 
     Network.--
       (1) Policies.--
       (A) In general.--Each agency head (as such term is defined 
     in section 34(a) of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(a))) and the Secretary of 
     Defense shall, in consultation with the Secretary of 
     Commerce, establish policies to promote the domestic 
     production of technologies developed by the Manufacturing USA 
     Network.
       (B) Elements.--The policies established under subparagraph 
     (A) shall include the following:
       (i) Measures to partner domestic developers of goods, 
     services, or technologies by Manufacturing USA Network 
     activities with domestic manufacturers and sources of 
     financing.
       (ii) Measures to develop and provide incentives to promote 
     transfer of intellectual property and goods, services, or 
     technologies developed by Manufacturing USA Network 
     activities to domestic manufacturers.
       (iii) Measures to assist with supplier scouting and other 
     supply chain development, including the use of the Hollings 
     Manufacturing Extension Partnership under section 25 of the 
     National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
     278k) to carry out such measures.
       (iv) A process to review and approve or deny membership in 
     a Manufacturing USA institute by foreign-owned entities, 
     especially from countries of concern, including the People's 
     Republic of China.
       (v) Measures to prioritize Federal procurement of goods, 
     services, or technologies developed by the Manufacturing USA 
     Network activities from domestic sources, as appropriate.
       (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies established under 
     this paragraph shall include processes to permit waivers, on 
     a case by case basis, for policies that promote domestic 
     production based on cost, availability, severity of technical 
     and mission requirements, emergency requirements, operational 
     needs, other legal or international treaty obligations, or 
     other factors determined important to the success of the 
     Manufacturing USA Program.
       (2) Prohibition.--
       (A) In general.--A company of the People's Republic of 
     China may not participate in the Manufacturing USA Program 
     without a waiver, as described in paragraph (1)(C).
       (B) Company defined.--In this paragraph, the term 
     ``company'' has the meaning given such term in section 847(a) 
     of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2020 (Public Law 116-92; 10 U.S.C. 4819 note).
       (b) Coordination of Manufacturing USA Institutes.--
     Subsection (h) of section 34 of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following:
       ``(7) Council for coordination of institutes.--
       ``(A) Council.--The National Program Office shall establish 
     or designate a council of heads of any Manufacturing USA 
     institute receiving Federal funding at any time to foster 
     collaboration between Manufacturing USA institutes.
       ``(B) Meetings.--The council established or designated 
     pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall meet not less frequently 
     than twice each year.
       ``(C) Duties of the council.--The council established 
     pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall assist the National 
     Program Office in carrying out the functions of the National 
     Program Office under paragraph (2).''.
       (c) Requirement for National Program Office to Develop 
     Strategies for Retaining Domestic Public Benefit After 
     Cessation of Federal Funding.--Subparagraph (C) of section 
     34(h)(2) of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)) is amended by inserting 
     ``, including a strategy for retaining domestic public 
     benefits from Manufacturing USA institutes once Federal 
     funding has been discontinued'' after ``Program''.
       (d) Modification of Functions of National Program Office to 
     Include Development of Industry Credentials.--Subparagraph 
     (J) of section 34(h)(2) of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)) is 
     amended by inserting ``, including the development of 
     industry credentials'' after ``activities''.
       (e) Advice From the United States Manufacturing Council.--
     The Secretary shall seek advice from the United States 
     Manufacturing Council of the International Trade 
     Administration of the Department of Commerce on matters 
     concerning investment in and support of the manufacturing 
     workforce within the Manufacturing USA Program.

         TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                    Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

     SEC. 10301. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

       It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) the National Science Foundation, the Department of 
     Energy and its National Laboratories, and other key Federal 
     agencies have carried out vital work supporting basic and 
     applied research to create knowledge that is a key driver of 
     the economy of the United States and a critical component of 
     national security;
       (2) openness to diverse perspectives and a focus on freedom 
     from censorship and political bias will continue to make 
     educational and research institutions in the United States 
     beacons to thousands of students from across the world;
       (3) increasing research and technology transfer 
     investments, building regional capacity and reducing 
     geographic disparity, strengthening supply chains, and 
     increasing capabilities in key technology focus areas will 
     enhance the competitive advantage and leadership of the 
     United States in the global economy;
       (4) the Federal Government must utilize the full talent and 
     potential of the entire Nation by avoiding undue geographic 
     concentration of research and STEM education funding, 
     encouraging broader participation of populations 
     underrepresented in STEM, and collaborating with 
     nongovernment partners to ensure the leadership of the United 
     States in technological innovation; and
       (5) authorization and funding for investments in research, 
     education, technology transfer, intellectual property, 
     manufacturing, and other core strengths of the United States 
     innovation ecosystem, including at the National Science 
     Foundation and the Department of Energy, should be done on a 
     bipartisan basis.

     SEC. 10302. DEFINITIONS.

       In this title:
       (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the National Science 
     Board.
       (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
     the National Science Foundation.
       (3) NSF includes.--The term ``NSF INCLUDES'' means the 
     initiative carried out under section 10323.
       (4) STEM ecosystem.--The term ``STEM ecosystem'' means a 
     local, regional, or statewide network, consortium, or multi-
     sector partnership, which may be led or co-led by a nonprofit 
     organizational entity, that is operating in the United States 
     with the goal of supporting participation in STEM study, 
     activities, and career pathways as defined in the CoSTEM 
     Annual Progress Report of 2020 with a broad range of non-
     Federal partners.

     SEC. 10303. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       (a) Fiscal Year 2023.--
       (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Foundation $11,897,480,000 for fiscal year 2023.
       (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) $9,050,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated to 
     carry out research and related activities, of which--
       (i) $55,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure Program; and
       (ii) $1,500,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
       (B) $1,950,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     STEM education, of which--
       (i) $73,700,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program;
       (ii) $59,500,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     NSF Research Traineeship Program;
       (iii) $416,300,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
       (iv) $70,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Cybercorps Scholarship for Service Program; and
       (v) $350,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     fellowships, traineeships, and scholarships described in 
     section 10393;
       (C) $249,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for major 
     research equipment and facilities construction, of which 
     $76,250,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the Mid-
     Scale Research Infrastructure Program;
       (D) $620,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     agency operations and award management;
       (E) $5,090,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Office of the National Science Board; and
       (F) $23,390,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Office of the Inspector General.
       (b) Fiscal Year 2024.--
       (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Foundation $15,646,930,000 for fiscal year 2024.
       (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) $12,050,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated to 
     carry out research and related activities, of which--
       (i) $60,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure Program; and
       (ii) $3,350,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
       (B) $2,500,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     STEM education, of which--
       (i) $80,400,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program;

[[Page S3428]]

       (ii) $64,910,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     NSF Research Traineeship Program;
       (iii) $454,140,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
       (iv) $72,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Cybercorps Scholarship for Service Program; and
       (v) $800,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     fellowships, traineeships, and scholarships described in 
     section 10393;
       (C) $355,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for major 
     research equipment and facilities construction, of which 
     $80,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the Mid-
     Scale Research Infrastructure Program;
       (D) $710,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     agency operations and award management;
       (E) $5,320,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Office of the National Science Board; and
       (F) $26,610,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Office of the Inspector General.
       (c) Fiscal Year 2025.--
       (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Foundation $16,706,670,000 for fiscal year 2025.
       (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) $12,850,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated to 
     carry out research and related activities, of which--
       (i) $70,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure Program; and
       (ii) $3,550,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
       (B) $2,700,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     STEM education, of which--
       (i) $87,100,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program;
       (ii) $70,320,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     NSF Research Traineeship Program;
       (iii) $491,990,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
       (iv) $78,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Cybercorps Scholarship for Service Program; and
       (v) $900,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     fellowships, traineeships, and scholarships described in 
     section 10393;
       (C) $370,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for major 
     research equipment and facilities construction, of which 
     $85,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the Mid-
     Scale Research Infrastructure Program;
       (D) $750,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     agency operations and award management;
       (E) $5,560,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Office of the National Science Board; and
       (F) $31,110,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Office of the Inspector General.
       (d) Fiscal Year 2026.--
       (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Foundation $17,832,420,000 for fiscal year 2026.
       (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) $13,800,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated to 
     carry out research and related activities, of which--
       (i) $75,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure Program; and
       (ii) $3,800,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
       (B) $2,850,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     STEM education, of which--
       (i) $93,800,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program;
       (ii) $75,730,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     NSF Research Traineeship Program;
       (iii) $529,830,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
       (iv) $84,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Cybercorps Scholarship for Service Program; and
       (v) $950,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     fellowships, traineeships, and scholarships described in 
     section 10393;
       (C) $372,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for major 
     research equipment and facilities construction, of which 
     $90,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the Mid-
     Scale Research Infrastructure Program;
       (D) $770,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     agency operations and award management;
       (E) $5,810,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Office of the National Science Board; and
       (F) $34,610,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Office of the Inspector General.
       (e) Fiscal Year 2027.--
       (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Foundation $18,919,180,000 for fiscal year 2027.
       (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) $14,700,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated to 
     carry out research and related activities, of which--
       (i) $80,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure Program; and
       (ii) $4,100,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
       (B) $3,000,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     STEM education, of which--
       (i) $100,500,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program;
       (ii) $81,140,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     NSF Research Traineeship Program;
       (iii) $567,680,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
       (iv) $90,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Cybercorps Scholarship for Service Program; and
       (v) $1,000,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     fellowships, traineeships, and scholarships described in 
     section 10393;
       (C) $375,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for major 
     research equipment and facilities construction, of which 
     $100,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the Mid-
     Scale Research Infrastructure Program;
       (D) $800,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     agency operations and award management;
       (E) $6,070,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Office of the National Science Board; and
       (F) $38,110,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
     Office of the Inspector General.

                       Subtitle B--STEM Education

     SEC. 10311. PREK-12 STEM EDUCATION.

       (a) National Academies Study.--Not later than 120 days 
     after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall 
     enter into an agreement with the National Academies to 
     conduct a study to--
       (1) review the research literature and identify research 
     gaps regarding the interconnected factors that foster and 
     hinder successful implementation of promising, evidence-based 
     PreK-12 STEM education innovations at the local, regional, 
     and national level;
       (2) present a compendium of promising, evidence-based PreK-
     12 STEM education practices, models, programs, and 
     technologies;
       (3) identify barriers to widespread and sustained 
     implementation of such innovations; and
       (4) make recommendations to the Foundation, the Department 
     of Education, the National Science and Technology Council's 
     Committee on Science, Technology, Engineering, and 
     Mathematics Education, State and local educational agencies, 
     and other relevant stakeholders on measures to address such 
     barriers.
       (b) Supporting PreK-12 Informal STEM Opportunities.--
     Section 3 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) 
     is amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(c) PreK-12 Informal STEM.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
     Foundation shall make awards, through existing programs where 
     appropriate to institutions of higher education and nonprofit 
     organizations (or consortia of such intuitions or 
     organizations) on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis for 
     research on effective approaches to engaging students in 
     PreK-12, including students from groups historically 
     underrepresented in STEM and rural students.
       ``(2) Purposes.--The purposes of this subsection are to--
       ``(A) provide effective, compelling, and engaging means for 
     teaching and reinforcing fundamental STEM concepts to PreK-12 
     students;
       ``(B) expand the STEM workforce pipeline by increasing the 
     number of youth in the United States exposed to STEM from an 
     early age and encourage them to pursue careers in STEM-
     related fields; and
       ``(C) broaden participation of groups historically 
     underrepresented in STEM and rural students, in the STEM 
     workforce.
       ``(3) Use of funds.--
       ``(A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection shall 
     support research and development on innovative before-school, 
     after-school, out-of-school, or summer activities that are 
     designed to encourage interest, engagement, and skills 
     development in STEM, including for students from groups 
     historically underrepresented in STEM and rural students.
       ``(B) Permitted activities.--The research and development 
     activities described in subparagraph (A) may include--
       ``(i) the provision of programming described in such 
     subparagraph for the purpose of research described in such 
     subparagraph;
       ``(ii) the use of a variety of engagement methods, 
     including cooperative and hands-on learning;
       ``(iii) exposure of students to role models in the fields 
     of STEM and near-peer mentors;
       ``(iv) training of informal learning educators, youth-
     serving professionals, and volunteers who lead informal STEM 
     programs in using evidence-based methods consistent with the 
     target student population being served;
       ``(v) education of students on the relevance and 
     significance of STEM careers, provision of academic advice 
     and assistance, and activities designed to help students make 
     real-world connections to STEM content;
       ``(vi) the preparation of students to attend events, 
     competitions, and academic programs that provide content 
     expertise and encourage career exposure in STEM, which may 
     include the purchase of parts and supplies needed to prepare 
     for participation in such competitions;

[[Page S3429]]

       ``(vii) activities designed to engage parents and families 
     of students in PreK-12 in STEM;
       ``(viii) innovative strategies to engage students, such as 
     using leadership skills and outcome measures to impart youth 
     with the confidence to pursue STEM coursework and academic 
     study;
       ``(ix) coordination with STEM-rich environments, including 
     other nonprofit, nongovernmental organizations, out-of- 
     classroom settings, institutions of higher education, 
     vocational facilities, corporations, museums, or science 
     centers; and
       ``(x) the acquisition of instructional materials or 
     technology-based tools to conduct applicable award activity.
       ``(4) Application.--An applicant seeking funding under this 
     subsection shall submit an application at such time, in such 
     manner, and containing such information as may be required by 
     the Director. Applications that include or partner with a 
     nonprofit, nongovernmental organization that has extensive 
     experience and expertise in increasing the participation of 
     students in PreK-12 in STEM are encouraged. At a minimum, the 
     application shall include the following:
       ``(A) A description of the target audience to be served by 
     the research activity or activities for which such funding is 
     sought.
       ``(B) A description of the process for recruitment and 
     selection of students to participate in such activities.
       ``(C) A description of how such activity or activities may 
     inform programming that engages students in PreK-12 in STEM.
       ``(D) A description of how such activity or activities may 
     inform programming that promotes student academic achievement 
     in STEM.
       ``(E) An evaluation plan that includes, at a minimum, the 
     use of outcome-oriented measures to determine the impact and 
     efficacy of programming being researched.
       ``(5) Evaluations.--Each recipient of an award under this 
     subsection shall provide, at the conclusion of every year 
     during which the award funds are received, a report in a form 
     prescribed by the Director.
       ``(6) Encourage applications.--In making awards under this 
     subsection, the Director shall encourage applications which, 
     for the purpose of the activity or activities funded through 
     the award, are from or include eligible nonprofit programs 
     serving students that attend elementary schools or secondary 
     schools (including high schools) that--
       ``(A) are implementing comprehensive support and 
     improvement activities or targeted support and improvement 
     activities under paragraph (1) or (2) of section 1111(d) of 
     the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     6311(d)); or
       ``(B) serve high percentages of students who are eligible 
     for a free or reduced-price lunch under the Richard B. 
     Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) 
     (which, in the case of a high school, may be calculated using 
     comparable data from the schools that feed into the high 
     school).
       ``(7) Accountability and dissemination.--
       ``(A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the 
     activities established under this subsection. Such evaluation 
     shall--
       ``(i) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to assess 
     the results of research conducted under such awards; and
       ``(ii) to the extent practicable, integrate the findings of 
     the research resulting from the activity or activities funded 
     through the award with the current research on serving 
     students with respect to the pursuit of degrees or careers in 
     STEM, including underrepresented and rural students, in PreK-
     12.
       ``(B) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days after 
     the completion of the evaluation under subparagraph (A), the 
     Director shall submit to Congress and make widely available 
     to the public a report that includes--
       ``(i) the results of the evaluation; and
       ``(ii) any recommendations for administrative and 
     legislative action that could optimize the effectiveness of 
     the program under this subsection.
       ``(8) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
     Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program 
     effectiveness and avoiding duplication of activities, 
     consult, and coordinate with other relevant Federal 
     agencies.''.
       (c) [Log 907 S2522] National STEM Teacher Corps Pilot.--
       (1) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this subsection to 
     elevate the profession of STEM teaching by establishing a 
     National STEM Teacher Corps pilot program to recognize 
     outstanding STEM teachers in our Nation's classrooms, rewards 
     them for their accomplishments, elevates their public 
     profile, and creates rewarding career paths to which all STEM 
     teachers can aspire, both to prepare future STEM researchers 
     and to create a scientifically literate public.
       (2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
       (A) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the 
     Administrator of the National STEM Teacher Corps.
       (B) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--
       (i) an institution of higher education; or
       (ii) a consortium consisting of an institution of higher 
     education and one or more of the following:

       (I) A State educational agency (as defined in section 8101 
     of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
     U.S.C. 7801)).
       (II) A local educational agency (as defined in section 8101 
     of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
     U.S.C. 7801)).
       (III) An education nonprofit Association.
       (IV) A cross sector STEM organization.
       (V) A private entity, including a STEM-related business.

       (C) High-need school.--The term ``high-need school'' has 
     the meaning given the term in section 2211(b) of the 
     Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     6631(b)).
       (D) Professional development.--The term ``professional 
     Development'' has the meaning given the term in section 8101 
     of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
     U.S.C. 7801).
       (E) Corps alliance.--The term ``Corps Alliance'' means a 
     regionally or topically based award under this subsection.
       (F) National stem teacher corps advisory board.--The term 
     ``National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board'' means the 
     Advisory Board for the National STEM Teacher Corps 
     established under paragraph (5).
       (3) Establishment of national stem teacher corps.--The 
     Director may, subject to the availability of appropriations, 
     establish within the Foundation, a National STEM Teacher 
     Corps 10-year pilot program to be administered by the 
     Administrator, who shall be appointed by the Director. As 
     appropriate, the Director may use existing NSF programs to 
     establish and execute this program.
       (4) Duties of the administrator.--The Administrator shall--
       (A) create a process and standards for selection of 
     eligible applicants to become members of the National STEM 
     Teacher Corps, including--
       (i) uniform selection criteria that includes--

       (I) deep knowledge of STEM content and pedagogy;
       (II) a passion for STEM subjects and dedication to 
     teaching, evidence of leadership skills, and potential for 
     continued career growth as an educator; and
       (III) demonstrated experience increasing STEM student 
     achievement and STEM participation rates for all students, 
     particularly those from rural and high-need schools; and

       (ii) a uniform selection process, including a comprehensive 
     application that includes recommendations and other relevant 
     professional information;
       (B) promote the National STEM Teacher Corps and elevate 
     best practices that emerge from the National STEM Teacher 
     Corps to a national audience;
       (C) evaluate the operation and effectiveness of the Corps 
     alliances; and
       (D) evaluate the overall and long-term impact of the 
     National STEM Teacher Corps by--
       (i) documenting, monitoring, and assessing the program 
     outcomes or impact on the STEM careers of participants; and
       (ii) documenting, monitoring, and assessing the program 
     outcomes for the STEM education profession nationwide, 
     particularly for rural and high-need schools.
       (5) National stem teacher corps advisory board.--
       (A) Establishment.--There is established a National STEM 
     Teacher Corps Advisory Board to advise the Director on 
     matters pertaining to the National STEM Teacher Corps for the 
     length of the pilot program.
       (B) Composition.--
       (i) In general.--The membership of the National STEM 
     Teacher Corps Advisory Board shall--

       (I) be appointed by the Director;
       (II) include a representative from each of the following: 
     School leaders, STEM researchers, STEM education researchers, 
     Business leaders, PreK-12 STEM educators, and Students 
     pursuing a postsecondary STEM degree; and
       (III) be geographically diverse.

       (ii) Existing committee.--The Director may assign the 
     duties of the National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board to 
     another advisory committee of the Foundation.
       (6) Duties of the corps alliances.--Subject to the 
     availability of appropriated funds, the Administrator may 
     make awards on a competitive, merit-review basis, to 
     establish Corps alliances at eligible entities. Activities 
     carried out by such alliances shall include--
       (A) engaging local partners, which may include local 
     educational agencies, institutions of higher education, STEM 
     organizations, or education nonprofit organizations, to--
       (i) develop and serve the community of National STEM 
     Teacher Corps members within the region or topic area, in 
     coordination with local partners to carry out day-to-day 
     activities;
       (ii) coordinate professional development activities, 
     including activities led by National STEM Teacher Corps 
     members;
       (iii) connect National STEM Teacher Corps members with 
     existing educator professional development programs and 
     coordinate members' involvement as cooperating teachers or 
     mentors;
       (iv) seek opportunities to involve teachers who are not 
     members of the National STEM Teacher Corps to participate in 
     National STEM Teacher Corps activities; and
       (v) build partnerships with existing education 
     organizations and other efforts by State educational agencies 
     and local educational agencies that operate programs relevant 
     to the National STEM Teacher Corps and its activities;
       (B) recruiting eligible applicants, with a focus on 
     recruiting diverse STEM educators

[[Page S3430]]

     to advance equity based on race, ethnicity, sex, 
     socioeconomic status, age, disability status, geography, and 
     language ability;
       (C) screening, interviewing, and selecting members of the 
     National STEM Teacher Corps using procedures and standards 
     provided by the Administrator;
       (D) coordinating the online network that supports all 
     National STEM Teacher Corps members in the region or topic 
     area;
       (E) convening occasional meetings of National STEM Teacher 
     Corps members in a region or topic area;
       (F) creating opportunities for the professional growth of 
     National STEM Teacher Corps members, with a focus on 
     increasing STEM student achievement and STEM participation 
     rates for all students, particularly those from rural and 
     high-need schools; and
       (G) supporting the retention and success of National STEM 
     Teacher Corps members in the region or topic area.
       (7) Duties of members of the national stem teacher corps.--
     An applicant that is selected by a Corps alliance to be a 
     member of the National STEM Teacher Corps shall--
       (A) serve a 4-year term with a possibility of 
     reappointment;
       (B) receive an annual stipend in an amount not less than 
     $10,000; and
       (C) have substantial responsibilities, including--
       (i) working with other members of the National STEM Teacher 
     Corps to develop and improve innovative teaching practices, 
     including practices such as inquiry-based learning;
       (ii) participating in professional development in 
     innovative teaching methodology and mentorship; and
       (iii) continuing to excel in teaching the member's own 
     students, with a focus on advancing equity by spending 
     additional time teaching and coaching underserved students to 
     increase STEM student achievement and STEM participation 
     rates for students from rural and high-need schools.
       (8) Evaluation.--The Director, acting through the 
     Administrator, shall submit a report to Congress after the 
     third year of the pilot program that includes--
       (A) an assessment, drawing on the evaluations the 
     Administrator shall conduct under subparagraphs (C) and (D) 
     of paragraph (4), and other sources of information, of the 
     effectiveness of the pilot program in recruiting and 
     retaining high-quality STEM teachers in the selected regions 
     or topic areas, particularly in high-need and rural schools; 
     and
       (B) if deemed effective, a proposal to Congress for 
     permanent implementation of the pilot program.
       (9) Sunset.--The authority to carry out this subsection 
     shall terminate on the date that is 15 years after the date 
     of enactment of this Act.
       (10) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
     through 2032 to carry out this subsection.

     SEC. 10312. UNDERGRADUATE STEM EDUCATION.

       (a) Research on Stem Education and Workforce Needs.--The 
     Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to four-
     year institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
     organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
     organizations) to support research and development activities 
     to--
       (1) encourage greater collaboration and coordination 
     between institutions of higher education and industry to 
     enhance education, foster hands-on learn experiences, and 
     improve alignment with workforce needs;
       (2) understand the current composition of the STEM 
     workforce and the factors that influence growth, retention, 
     and development of that workforce;
       (3) increase the size, diversity, capability, and 
     flexibility of the STEM workforce; and
       (4) increase dissemination and widespread adoption of 
     effective practices in undergraduate education and workforce 
     development.
       (b) Advanced Technological Education Program Update.--
     Section 3(b) of the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 
     1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i(b)) is amended to read as follows:
       ``(b) Centers of Scientific and Technical Education.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director shall make awards for the 
     establishment of centers of excellence, in advanced-
     technology fields, among associate-degree-granting colleges. 
     Centers shall meet one or both of the following criteria:
       ``(A) Exceptional instructional programs in advanced-
     technology fields.
       ``(B) Excellence in undergraduate STEM education.
       ``(2) Purposes.--The centers shall serve as national and 
     regional clearinghouses and models for the benefit of both 
     colleges and secondary schools, and shall provide seminars 
     and programs to disseminate model curricula and model 
     teaching methods and instructional materials to other 
     associate-degree-granting colleges.
       ``(3) Networks.--The centers may enter into partnerships 
     with other institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
     organizations, and stakeholder groups, or a consortium 
     thereof, to develop networks to--
       ``(A) coordinate research, training, and education 
     activities funded by awards under subsection (a);
       ``(B) share information and best practices; or
       ``(C) promote collaboration between academic institutions, 
     workforce development programs, labor organizations, and 
     industry to communicate and meet workforce education and 
     training needs.''.
       (c) Innovations in STEM Education at Community Colleges.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
     reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher 
     education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
     institutions or organizations) to advance research on the 
     nature of learning and teaching at community colleges and to 
     improve outcomes for students who enter the workforce upon 
     completion of their STEM degree or credential or transfer to 
     4-year institutions, including by--
       (A) examining how to scale up successful programs at 
     community colleges that are improving student outcomes in 
     foundational STEM courses;
       (B) supporting research on effective STEM teaching 
     practices in community college settings;
       (C) designing and developing new STEM curricula;
       (D) providing STEM students with hands-on training and 
     research experiences, internships, and other experiential 
     learning opportunities;
       (E) increasing access to high quality STEM education 
     through new technologies;
       (F) re-skilling or up-skilling incumbent workers for new 
     STEM jobs;
       (G) building STEM career and seamless transfer pathways; 
     and
       (H) developing novel mechanisms to identify and recruit 
     talent into STEM programs, in particular talent from groups 
     historically underrepresented in STEM.
       (2) Partnerships.--In carrying out activities under this 
     subsection, the Director shall encourage applications to 
     develop, enhance, or expand cooperative STEM education and 
     training partnerships between institutions of higher 
     education, industry, and labor organizations.
       (d) Improving Access to STEM Education at Career and 
     Technical Education Institutions.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
     competitive basis, to institutions of higher education 
     (including postsecondary vocational institutions) to support 
     career and technical education in STEM and computer science 
     related fields.
       (2) Priority.--In making awards under this subsection, the 
     Director shall give priority to institutions that demonstrate 
     effective strategies to recruit and provide career and 
     technical education to veterans and members of the Armed 
     Forces transitioning to the private sector workforce.
       (3) Career and technical education defined.--In this 
     subsection, the term ``career and technical education'' has 
     the meaning given that term in section 3 of the Carl D. 
     Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 
     2302).
       (e) Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a 4-year 
     pilot program under which the Director shall make awards, on 
     a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education and 
     nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
     organizations) to establish a total of not fewer than five 
     Centers to develop and scale up successful models for 
     providing undergraduate students with hands-on, course-based 
     research experiences.
       (2) Use of funds.--Awards made under this paragraph shall 
     be used to--
       (A) develop, assess, and disseminate models for providing 
     undergraduate students with course-based research experiences 
     across STEM disciplines and education levels;
       (B) identify and address opportunities and challenges in 
     facilitating implementation across a broad range of 
     institution types, including historically Black colleges and 
     universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority 
     serving institutions and community colleges;
       (C) identify and develop best practices to address barriers 
     for faculty, including institutional culture, resources, and 
     incentive structures;
       (D) identify and address factors that may facilitate or 
     discourage participation by students from all backgrounds;
       (E) provide faculty with curriculum, professional 
     development, training, networking opportunities, and other 
     support to enable the development, adaptation, or expansion 
     of a course-based research experience; and
       (F) collect data and carry out research to evaluate the 
     impacts of course- based undergraduate research experiences 
     on the STEM workforce.
       (3) Partnerships.--In making awards under this paragraph, 
     the Director shall consider the extent to which the proposed 
     Center will establish partnerships among multiple types of 
     academic institutions, including community colleges, emerging 
     research institutions, EPSCoR institutions, historically 
     Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
     Universities, and minority-serving institutions, the private 
     sector, and other relevant stakeholders in supporting 
     programs and activities to facilitate faculty training and 
     the widespread and sustained implementation of promising, 
     evidence-based practices, models, programs, and curriculum.
       (4) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on 
     which the pilot program is completed, the Director shall 
     submit to Congress a report that includes--

[[Page S3431]]

       (A) an assessment, that includes feedback from the research 
     community, of the effectiveness of the pilot program in 
     increasing the number, diversity, and workforce readiness of 
     STEM graduates; and
       (B) if determined to be effective, a plan for permanent 
     implementation of the pilot program.
       (f) Advanced Technological Manufacturing Act.--
       (1) Findings and purpose.--Section 2 of the Scientific and 
     Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h) is 
     amended--
       (A) in subsection (a)--
       (i) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science, mathematics, 
     and technology'' and inserting ``science, technology, 
     engineering, and mathematics or STEM'';
       (ii) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``educated'' and before 
     ``trained''; and
       (iii) in paragraph (5), by striking ``scientific and 
     technical education and training'' and inserting ``STEM 
     education and training''; and
       (B) in subsection (b)--
       (i) in paragraph (2), by striking ``mathematics and 
     science'' and inserting ``STEM fields''; and
       (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking ``mathematics and 
     science instruction'' and inserting ``STEM instruction''.
       (2) Modernizing references to stem.--Section 3 of the 
     Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
     1862i) is amended--
       (A) in the section heading, by striking ``scientific and 
     technical education'' and inserting ``stem education'';
       (B) in subsection (a)--
       (i) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Scientific and 
     Technical Education'' and inserting ``STEM Education'';
       (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--

       (I) by inserting ``and education to prepare the skilled 
     technical workforce to meet workforce demands'' before ``, 
     and to improve'';
       (II) by striking ``core education courses in science and 
     mathematics'' and inserting ``core education courses in STEM 
     fields'';
       (III) by inserting ``veterans and individuals engaged in'' 
     before ``work in the home''; and
       (IV) by inserting ``and on building a pathway from 
     secondary schools to associate-degree-granting institutions, 
     to careers that require technical training'' before ``, and 
     shall be designed'';

       (iii) in paragraph (1)--

       (I) by inserting ``and study'' after ``development''; and
       (II) by striking ``core science and mathematics courses'' 
     and inserting ``core STEM courses'';

       (iv) in paragraph (2), by striking ``science, mathematics, 
     and advanced-technology fields'' and inserting ``STEM and 
     advanced- technology fields'';
       (v) in paragraph (3)(A), by inserting ``to support the 
     advanced- technology industries that drive the 
     competitiveness of the United States in the global economy'' 
     before the semicolon at the end;
       (vi) in paragraph (4), by striking ``scientific and 
     advanced- technology fields'' and inserting ``STEM and 
     advanced-technology fields''; and
       (vii) in paragraph (5), by striking ``advanced scientific 
     and technical education'' and inserting ``advanced STEM and 
     advanced- technology'';
       (C) in subsection (c)--
       (i) in paragraph (1)--

       (I) in subparagraph (A)--

       (aa) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking ``to 
     encourage'' and all that follows through ``such means as--'' 
     and inserting ``to encourage the development of career and 
     educational pathways with multiple entry and exit points 
     leading to credentials and degrees, and to assist students 
     pursuing pathways in STEM fields to transition from 
     associate-degree-granting colleges to bachelor- degree-
     granting institutions, through such means as--'';
       (bb) in clause (i), by striking ``to ensure'' and inserting 
     ``to develop articulation agreements that ensure''; and
       (cc) in clause (ii), by striking ``courses at the bachelor-
     degree-granting institution'' and inserting ``the career and 
     educational pathways supported by the articulation 
     agreements'';

       (II) in subparagraph (B)--

       (aa) in clause (i), by inserting ``veterans and individuals 
     engaged in'' before ``work in the home'';
       (bb) in clause (iii)--
       (AA) by striking ``bachelor's-degree- granting 
     institutions'' and inserting ``institutions or work sites''; 
     and
       (BB) by inserting ``or industry internships'' after 
     ``summer programs''; and
       (cc) by striking the flush text following clause (iv); and

       (III) by striking subparagraph (C);

       (ii) in paragraph (2)--

       (I) by striking ``mathematics and science programs'' and 
     inserting ``STEM programs'';
       (II) by inserting ``and, as appropriate, elementary 
     schools,'' after ``with secondary schools'';
       (III) by striking ``mathematics and science education'' and 
     inserting ``STEM education'';
       (IV) by striking ``secondary school students'' and 
     inserting ``students at these schools'';
       (V) by striking ``science and advanced-technology fields'' 
     and inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology fields''; and
       (VI) by striking ``agreements with local educational 
     agencies'' and inserting ``articulation agreements or dual 
     credit courses with local secondary schools, or other means 
     as the Director determines appropriate,''; and

       (iii) in paragraph (3)--

       (I) by striking subparagraph (B);
       (II) by striking ``shall--''and all that follows through 
     ``establish a'' and inserting ``shall establish a'';
       (III) by striking ``the fields of science, technology, 
     engineering, and mathematics'' and inserting ``STEM fields''; 
     and
       (IV) by striking ``; and'' and inserting ``, including jobs 
     at Federal and academic laboratories.'';

       (D) in subsection (d)(2)--
       (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' after the 
     semicolon;
       (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting a ``; and''; and
       (iii) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(F) as appropriate, applications that apply the best 
     practices for STEM education and technical skills education 
     through distance learning or in a simulated work environment, 
     as determined by research described in subsection (f); and'';
       (E) in subsection (g), by striking the second sentence;
       (F) in subsection (h)(1)--
       (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``2022'' and inserting 
     ``2026'';
       (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``2022'' and 
     inserting ``2026''; and
       (iii) in subparagraph (C)--

       (I) by striking ``up to $2,500,000'' and inserting ``not 
     less than $3,000,000''; and
       (II) by striking ``2022'' and inserting ``2026'';

       (G) in subsection (i)--
       (i) by striking paragraph (3); and
       (ii) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs 
     (3) and (4), respectively; and
       (H) in subsection (j)--
       (i) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
       ``(1) the term advanced-technology includes technological 
     fields such as advanced manufacturing, agricultural-, 
     biological- and chemical-technologies, energy and 
     environmental technologies, engineering technologies, 
     information technologies, micro and nano-technologies, 
     cybersecurity technologies, geospatial technologies, and new, 
     emerging technology areas;'';
       (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking ``separate bachelor-
     degree- granting institutions'' and inserting ``other 
     entities'';
       (iii) by striking paragraph (7);
       (iv) by redesignating paragraphs (8) and (9) as paragraphs 
     (7) and (8), respectively;
       (v) in paragraph (7), as redesignated by clause (iv), by 
     striking ``and'' after the semicolon;
       (vi) in paragraph (8), as redesignated by clause (iv)--

       (I) by striking ``mathematics, science, engineering, or 
     technology'' and inserting ``science, technology, 
     engineering, or mathematics''; and
       (II) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; 
     and''; and

       (vii) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(9) the term skilled technical workforce has the meaning 
     given such term in section 4(b) of the Innovations in 
     Mentoring, Training, and Apprenticeships Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1862p).''.
       (3) Authorization of appropriations.--Section 5 of the 
     Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
     1862j) is amended to read as follows:

     ``SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director 
     for carrying out sections 2 through 4 $150,000,000 for each 
     of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

     SEC. 10313. GRADUATE STEM EDUCATION.

       (a) Mentoring and Professional Development.--
       (1) Mentoring plans.--
       (A) Update.--Section 7008(a) of the America Creating 
     Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in 
     Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o(a)) 
     is amended by--
       (i) inserting ``and graduate student'' after 
     ``postdoctoral''; and
       (ii) inserting ``The requirement may be satisfied by 
     providing such individuals with access to mentors, including 
     individuals not listed on the award.'' after ``review 
     criterion.''.
       (B) Evaluation.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
     agreement with a qualified independent organization to 
     evaluate the effectiveness of the postdoctoral mentoring plan 
     requirement for improving mentoring for Foundation-supported 
     postdoctoral researchers.
       (2) Career exploration.--
       (A) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
     competitive basis, to institutions of higher education and 
     nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
     organizations) to develop innovative approaches for 
     facilitating career exploration of academic and nonacademic 
     career options and for providing opportunity-broadening 
     experiences, including work-integrated opportunities, for 
     graduate students and postdoctoral scholars that can then be 
     considered, adopted, or adapted by other institutions and to 
     carry out research on the impact and outcomes of such 
     activities.
       (B) Review of proposals.--In selecting award recipients 
     under this subparagraph, the Director shall consider, at a 
     minimum--
       (i) the extent to which the administrators of the 
     institution are committed to making the proposed activity a 
     priority; and

[[Page S3432]]

       (ii) the likelihood that the institution or organization 
     will sustain or expand the proposed activity effort beyond 
     the period of the award.
       (3) Development plans.--The Director shall require that 
     annual project reports for awards that support graduate 
     students and postdoctoral scholars include certification by 
     the principal investigator that each graduate student and 
     postdoctoral scholar receiving substantial support from such 
     award, as determined by has developed and annually updated an 
     individual development plan to map educational goals, career 
     exploration, and professional development.
       (4) Professional development supplement.--The Director 
     shall carry out a five-year pilot initiative to award up to 
     2,500 administrative supplements of up to $2,000 to existing 
     research awards annually, on a competitive basis, to support 
     professional development experiences for graduate students 
     and postdoctoral researchers who receive a substantial 
     portion of their support under such award, as determined by 
     the Director. Not more than 10 percent of supplements awarded 
     under this subparagraph may be used to support professional 
     development experiences for postdoctoral researchers.
       (5) Graduate education research.--The Director shall make 
     awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher 
     education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
     institutions or organizations) to support research on the 
     graduate education system and outcomes of various 
     interventions and policies, including--
       (A) the effects of traineeships, fellowships, internships, 
     and teaching and research assistantships on outcomes for 
     graduate students;
       (B) the effects of graduate education and mentoring 
     policies and procedures on degree completion, including 
     differences by--
       (i) sex, race and ethnicity, and citizenship; and
       (ii) student debt load;
       (C) the development and assessment of new or adapted 
     interventions, including approaches that improve mentoring 
     relationships, develop conflict management skills, and 
     promote healthy research teams; and
       (D) research, data collection, and assessment of the state 
     of graduate student mental health and wellbeing, factors 
     contributing to and consequences of poor graduate student 
     mental health, and the development, adaptation, and 
     assessment of evidence-based strategies and policies to 
     support emotional wellbeing and mental health.
       (b) Graduate Research Fellowship Program Update.--
       (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
     the Foundation should increase the number of new graduate 
     research fellows supported annually over the next 5 years to 
     no fewer than 3,000 fellows.
       (2) Program update.--Section 10 of the National Science 
     Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869) is amended--
       (A) in subsection (a), by inserting ``and as will address 
     national workforce demand in critical STEM fields'' after 
     ``throughout the United States'';
       (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``of $12,000'' and 
     inserting ``of at least $16,000''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(c) Outreach.--The Director shall ensure program outreach 
     to recruit fellowship applicants from fields of study that 
     are in areas of critical national need from all regions of 
     the country, and from historically underrepresented 
     populations in STEM.''.
       (3) Cybersecurity scholarships and graduate fellowships.--
     The Director shall ensure that students pursuing master's 
     degrees and doctoral degrees in fields relating to 
     cybersecurity are eligible to apply for scholarships and 
     graduate fellowships under the Graduate Research Fellowship 
     Program under section 10 of the National Science Foundation 
     Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869).
       (c) Study on Graduate Student Funding.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
     agreement with a qualified independent organization to 
     evaluate--
       (A) the role of the Foundation in supporting graduate 
     student education and training through fellowships, 
     traineeships, and other funding models; and
       (B) the impact of different funding mechanisms on graduate 
     student experiences and outcomes, including whether such 
     mechanisms have differential impacts on subsets of the 
     student population.
       (2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall publish the results 
     of the evaluation carried out under paragraph (1), including 
     a recommendation for the appropriate balance between 
     fellowships, traineeships, and other funding models.
       (d) [LOG 165 H10304(g)/S2208] AI Scholarship-for-Service.--
       (1) Definition of executive agency.--In this subsection, 
     the term ``executive agency'' has the meaning given the term 
     ``Executive agency'' in section 105 of title 5, United States 
     Code.
       (2) AI scholarship-for-service initiative report.--Not 
     later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, 
     the Director, in coordination with the Office of Personnel 
     Management, shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, 
     Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on 
     Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives, the Committee on Homeland Security and 
     Governmental Affairs of the Senate, and the Committee on 
     Oversight and Reform of the House of Representatives a report 
     on the need and feasibility, and if appropriate, plans to 
     implement a program to recruit and train the next generation 
     of artificial intelligence professionals to meet the needs of 
     Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments. The report 
     shall include--
       (A) recent statistical data on the size, composition, and 
     educational requirements of the Federal AI workforce, 
     including an assessment of current and future demand for 
     additional AI professionals across the Federal Government;
       (B) an assessment of the capacity of institutions of higher 
     education to produce graduates with degrees, certifications, 
     and relevant skills related to artificial intelligence that 
     meet the current and future needs of the Federal workforce; 
     and
       (C) an evaluation of the need for and feasibility of 
     establishing a scholarship-for-service program to recruit and 
     train the next generation of artificial intelligence 
     professionals to meet the needs of Federal, State, local, and 
     Tribal governments, including opportunities for leveraging 
     existing processes and resources for administering the 
     Federal Cyber Scholarship-for-Service Program established 
     under section 302 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 
     2014 (15 U.S.C. 7442) in standing up such a program.
       (3) Program establishment.--Upon submitting the report 
     required in paragraph (2), the Director, in coordination with 
     the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, the 
     Director of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology, and the heads of other agencies with appropriate 
     scientific knowledge, is authorized to establish a Federal 
     artificial intelligence scholarship-for-service program 
     (referred to in this section as the Federal AI Scholarship-
     for-Service Program) to recruit and train artificial 
     intelligence professionals to lead and support the 
     application of artificial intelligence to the missions of 
     Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments.
       (4) Qualified institution of higher education.--The 
     Director, in coordination with the heads of other agencies 
     with appropriate scientific knowledge, shall establish 
     criteria to designate qualified institutions of higher 
     education that shall be eligible to participate in the 
     Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service program. Such criteria 
     shall include--
       (A) measures of the institution's demonstrated excellence 
     in the education of students in the field of artificial 
     intelligence; and
       (B) measures of the institution's ability to attract and 
     retain a diverse and nontraditional student population in the 
     fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, 
     which may include the ability to attract women, minorities, 
     and individuals with disabilities.
       (5) Program description and components.--The Federal AI 
     Scholarship-for-Service Program shall--
       (A) provide scholarships through qualified institutions of 
     higher education to students who are enrolled in programs of 
     study at institutions of higher education leading to degrees 
     or concentrations in or related to the artificial 
     intelligence field;
       (B) provide the scholarship recipients with summer 
     internship opportunities or other meaningful temporary 
     appointments in the Federal workforce focusing on AI projects 
     or research;
       (C) prioritize the employment placement of scholarship 
     recipients in executive agencies;
       (D) identify opportunities to promote multi-disciplinary 
     programs of study that integrate basic or advanced AI 
     training with other fields of study, including those that 
     address the social, economic, legal, and ethical implications 
     of human interaction with AI systems;
       (E) support capacity-building education research programs 
     that will enable postsecondary educational institutions to 
     expand their ability to train the next-generation AI 
     workforce, including AI researchers and practitioners;
       (F) create courses or training programs in technology 
     ethics for students receiving scholarships; and
       (G) award fellowships to masters and doctoral students who 
     are pursuing degrees or research in artificial intelligence 
     and related fields, including in the field of technology 
     ethics.
       (6) Scholarship amounts.--Each scholarship under paragraph 
     (5) shall be in an amount that covers the student's tuition 
     and fees at the institution for not more than 3 years and 
     provides the student with an additional stipend.
       (7) Post-award employment obligations.--Each scholarship 
     recipient, as a condition of receiving a scholarship under 
     the program, shall enter into an agreement under which the 
     recipient agrees to work for a period equal to the length of 
     the scholarship, following receipt of the student's degree, 
     in the AI mission of--
       (A) an executive agency;
       (B) Congress, including any agency, entity, office, or 
     commission established in the legislative branch;
       (C) an interstate agency;
       (D) a State, local, or Tribal government, which may include 
     instruction in AI-related skill sets in a public school 
     system; or
       (E) a State, local, or Tribal government-affiliated 
     nonprofit entity that is considered to be critical 
     infrastructure (as defined in section 1016(e) of the USA 
     Patriot Act (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e))).

[[Page S3433]]

       (8) Hiring authority.--
       (A) Appointment in excepted service.--Notwithstanding any 
     provision of chapter 33 of title 5, United States Code, 
     governing appointments in the competitive service, an 
     executive agency may appoint an individual who has completed 
     the eligible degree program for which a scholarship was 
     awarded to a position in the excepted service in the 
     executive agency.
       (B) Noncompetitive conversion.--Except as provided in 
     subparagraph (D), upon fulfillment of the service term, an 
     employee appointed under subparagraph (A) may be converted 
     noncompetitively to term, career-conditional, or career 
     appointment.
       (C) Timing of conversion.--An executive agency may 
     noncompetitively convert a term employee appointed under 
     subparagraph (B) to a career-conditional or career 
     appointment before the term appointment expires.
       (D) Authority to decline conversion.--An executive agency 
     may decline to make the noncompetitive conversion or 
     appointment under subparagraph (B) for cause.
       (9) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a scholarship 
     under this section, an individual shall--
       (A) be a citizen or lawful permanent resident of the United 
     States;
       (B) demonstrate a commitment to a career in advancing the 
     field of AI;
       (C) be--
       (i) a full-time student in an eligible degree program at a 
     qualified institution of higher education, as determined by 
     the Director;
       (ii) a student pursuing a degree on a less than full-time 
     basis, but not less than half-time basis; or
       (iii) an AI faculty member on sabbatical to advance 
     knowledge in the field; and
       (D) accept the terms of a scholarship under this section.
       (10) Conditions of support.--
       (A) In general.--As a condition of receiving a scholarship 
     under this section, a recipient shall agree to provide the 
     qualified institution of higher education with annual 
     verifiable documentation of post-award employment and up-to-
     date contact information.
       (B) Terms.--A scholarship recipient under this section 
     shall be liable to the United States as provided in paragraph 
     (12) if the individual--
       (i) fails to maintain an acceptable level of academic 
     standing at the applicable institution of higher education, 
     as determined by the Director;
       (ii) is dismissed from the applicable institution of higher 
     education for disciplinary reasons;
       (iii) withdraws from the eligible degree program before 
     completing the program;
       (iv) declares that the individual does not intend to 
     fulfill the post- award employment obligation under this 
     section; or
       (v) fails to fulfill the post-award employment obligation 
     of the individual under this section.
       (11) Monitoring compliance.--As a condition of 
     participating in the program, a qualified institution of 
     higher education shall--
       (A) enter into an agreement with the Director to monitor 
     the compliance of scholarship recipients with respect to 
     their post-award employment obligations; and
       (B) provide to the Director, on an annual basis, the post-
     award employment documentation required under paragraph (10) 
     for scholarship recipients through the completion of their 
     post-award employment obligations.
       (12) Amount of repayment.--
       (A) Less than 1 year of service.--If a circumstance 
     described in paragraph (10) occurs before the completion of 1 
     year of a post-award employment obligation under this 
     section, the total amount of scholarship awards received by 
     the individual under this section shall--
       (i) be repaid; or
       (ii) be treated as a loan to be repaid in accordance with 
     paragraph (13).
       (B) 1 or more years of service.--If a circumstance 
     described in clause (iv) or (v) of paragraph (10)(B) occurs 
     after the completion of 1 or more years of a post-award 
     employment obligation under this section, the total amount of 
     scholarship awards received by the individual under this 
     section, reduced by the ratio of the number of years of 
     service completed divided by the number of years of service 
     required, shall--
       (i) be repaid; or
       (ii) be treated as a loan to be repaid in accordance with 
     paragraph (13).
       (13) Repayments.--A loan described in paragraph (12) 
     shall--
       (A) be treated as a Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford 
     Loan under part D of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 
     1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq.); and
       (B) be subject to repayment, together with interest thereon 
     accruing from the date of the scholarship award, in 
     accordance with terms and conditions specified by the 
     Director (in consultation with the Secretary of Education).
       (14) Collection of repayment.--
       (A) In general.--In the event that a scholarship recipient 
     is required to repay the scholarship award under this 
     section, the qualified institution of higher education 
     providing the scholarship shall--
       (i) determine the repayment amounts and notify the 
     recipient and the Director of the amounts owed; and
       (ii) collect the repayment amounts within a period of time 
     as determined by the Director, or the repayment amounts shall 
     be treated as a loan in accordance with paragraph (13).
       (B) Returned to treasury.--Except as provided in 
     subparagraph (C), any repayment under this subsection shall 
     be returned to the Treasury of the United States.
       (C) Retain percentage.--A qualified institution of higher 
     education may retain a percentage of any repayment the 
     institution collects under this subsection to defray 
     administrative costs associated with the collection. The 
     Director shall establish a fixed percentage that will apply 
     to all eligible entities, and may update this percentage as 
     needed, in the determination of the Director.
       (15) Exceptions.--The Director may provide for the partial 
     or total waiver or suspension of any service or payment 
     obligation by an individual under this section whenever 
     compliance by the individual with the obligation is 
     impossible or would involve extreme hardship to the 
     individual, or if enforcement of such obligation with respect 
     to the individual would be unconscionable.
       (16) Public information.--
       (A) Evaluation.--The Director, in coordination with the 
     Director of the Office of Personnel Management, shall 
     annually evaluate and make public, in a manner that protects 
     the personally identifiable information of scholarship 
     recipients, information on the success of recruiting 
     individuals for scholarships under this section and on hiring 
     and retaining those individuals in the public sector AI 
     workforce, including information on--
       (i) placement rates;
       (ii) where students are placed, including job titles and 
     descriptions;
       (iii) salary ranges for students not released from 
     obligations under this section;
       (iv) how long after graduation students are placed;
       (v) how long students stay in the positions they enter upon 
     graduation;
       (vi) how many students are released from obligations; and
       (vii) what, if any, remedial training is required.
       (B) Reports.--The Director, in coordination with the Office 
     of Personnel Management, shall submit, not less frequently 
     than once every 3 years, to the Committee on Homeland 
     Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate, the 
     Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
     Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
     the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Oversight 
     and Reform of the House of Representatives a report, 
     including the results of the evaluation under subparagraph 
     (A) and any recent statistics regarding the size, 
     composition, and educational requirements of the Federal AI 
     workforce.
       (C) Resources.--The Director, in coordination with the 
     Director of the Office of Personnel Management, shall provide 
     consolidated and user-friendly online resources for 
     prospective scholarship recipients, including, to the extent 
     practicable--
       (i) searchable, up-to-date, and accurate information about 
     participating institutions of higher education and job 
     opportunities related to the AI field; and
       (ii) a modernized description of AI careers.
       (17) Refresh.--Not less than once every 2 years, the 
     Director, in coordination with the Director of the Office of 
     Personnel Management, shall review and update the Federal AI 
     Scholarship-for-Service Program to reflect advances in 
     technology.

     SEC. 10314. STEM WORKFORCE DATA.

       (a) Skilled Technical Workforce Portfolio Review.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall conduct a full 
     portfolio analysis of the Foundation's skilled technical 
     workforce investments across all Directorates in the areas of 
     education, research, infrastructure, data collection, and 
     analysis.
       (2) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
     review under paragraph (1) is complete, the Director shall 
     submit to Congress and make widely available to the public a 
     summary report of the portfolio review.
       (b) Survey Data.--
       (1) Rotating topic modules.--To meet evolving needs for 
     data on the state of the science and engineering workforce, 
     the Director shall assess, through coordination with other 
     Federal statistical agencies and drawing on input from 
     relevant stakeholders, the feasibility and benefits of 
     incorporating questions or topic modules to existing National 
     Center for Science and Engineering Statistics surveys that 
     would vary from cycle to cycle.
       (2) New data.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress 
     and the Board the results of an assessment, carried out in 
     coordination with other Federal agencies and with input from 
     relevant stakeholders, of the feasibility and benefits of 
     incorporating new questions or topic modules to existing 
     National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics 
     surveys on--
       (A) the skilled technical workforce;
       (B) working conditions and work-life balance;
       (C) harassment and discrimination;
       (D) immigration and emigration; and
       (E) any other topics at the discretion of the Director.
       (3) Longitudinal design.--The Director shall continue and 
     accelerate efforts to enhance the usefulness of National 
     Center for Science and Engineering Statistics survey data for 
     longitudinal research and analysis.
       (4) Government accountability office review.--Not later 
     than 1 year after the date of

[[Page S3434]]

     enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
     States shall submit a report to Congress that--
       (A) evaluates Foundation processes for ensuring the data 
     and analysis produced by the National Center for Science and 
     Engineering Statistics meets current and future needs; and
       (B) includes such recommendations as the Comptroller 
     General determines are appropriate to improve such processes.

     SEC. 10315. CYBER WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH AND 
                   DEVELOPMENT.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
     reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher 
     education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
     institutions or organizations) to carry out research on the 
     cyber workforce.
       (b) Research.--In carrying out research pursuant to 
     subsection (a), the Director shall support research and 
     development activities to--
       (1) understand the current state of the cyber workforce, 
     including factors that influence growth, retention, and 
     development of that workforce;
       (2) examine paths to entry and re-entry into the cyber 
     workforce;
       (3) understand trends of the cyber workforce, including 
     demographic representation, educational and professional 
     backgrounds present, competencies available, and factors that 
     shape employee recruitment, development, and retention and 
     how to increase the size, diversity, and capability of the 
     cyber workforce;
       (4) examine and evaluate training practices, models, 
     programs, and technologies; and
       (5) other closely related topics as the Director determines 
     appropriate.
       (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the activities described 
     in subsection (b), the Director shall--
       (1) collaborate with the National Institute of Standards 
     and Technology, including the National Initiative for 
     Cybersecurity Education, the Department of Homeland Security, 
     the Department of Defense, the Office of Personnel 
     Management, and other Federal departments and agencies, as 
     appropriate;
       (2) align with or build on the National Initiative on 
     Cybersecurity Education Cybersecurity Workforce Framework 
     wherever practicable and applicable;
       (3) leverage the collective body of knowledge from existing 
     cyber workforce development research and education 
     activities; and
       (4) engage with other Federal departments and agencies, 
     research communities, and potential users of information 
     produced under this subsection.

     SEC. 10316. FEDERAL CYBER SCHOLARSHIP-FOR-SERVICE PROGRAM.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) since cybersecurity risks are constant in the growing 
     digital world, it is critical that the United States stay 
     ahead of malicious cyber activity with a workforce that can 
     safeguard our innovation, research, and work environments; 
     and
       (2) Federal investments in the Federal Cyber Scholarship-
     for-Service Program at the National Science Foundation play a 
     critical role in preparing and sustaining a strong, talented, 
     and much-needed national cybersecurity workforce and should 
     be strengthened.
       (b) In General.--Section 302(b)(1) of the Cybersecurity 
     Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7442(b)(1)) is amended by 
     striking the semicolon at the end and inserting the following 
     ``and cybersecurity-related aspects of other related fields 
     as appropriate, including artificial intelligence, quantum 
     computing and aerospace;''.

     SEC. 10317. CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE DATA INITIATIVE.

       The Director, acting through the National Center for 
     Science and Engineering Statistics established in section 505 
     of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 
     U.S.C. 1862p) and in coordination with the Director of the 
     National Institute of Standards and Technology and other 
     appropriate Federal statistical agencies, shall establish a 
     cybersecurity workforce data initiative that--
       (1) assesses the feasibility of providing nationally 
     representative estimates and statistical information on the 
     cybersecurity workforce;
       (2) utilizes the National Initiative for Cybersecurity 
     Education (NICE) Cybersecurity Workforce Framework (NIST 
     Special Publication 800-181), or other frameworks, as 
     appropriate, to enable a consistent measurement of the 
     cybersecurity workforce;
       (3) utilizes and complements existing data on employer 
     requirements and unfilled positions in the cybersecurity 
     workforce;
       (4) consults key stakeholders and the broader community of 
     practice in cybersecurity workforce development to determine 
     data requirements needed to strengthen the cybersecurity 
     workforce;
       (5) evaluates existing Federal survey data for information 
     pertinent to developing national estimates of the 
     cybersecurity workforce;
       (6) evaluates administrative data and other supplementary 
     data sources, as available, to describe and measure the 
     cybersecurity workforce; and
       (7) collects statistical data, to the greatest extent 
     practicable, on credential attainment and employment outcomes 
     information for the cybersecurity workforce.

     SEC. 10318. MICROELECTRONICS WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT 
                   ACTIVITIES.

       (a) Creating Helpful Initiatives to Produce Personnel in 
     Needed Growth Industries.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards to 
     institutions of higher education, non-profit organizations, 
     or consortia thereof, for research, development, and related 
     activities to advance innovative approaches to developing, 
     improving, and expanding evidence-based education and 
     workforce development activities and learning experiences at 
     all levels of education in fields and disciplines related to 
     microelectronics.
       (2) Purposes.--Activities carried out under this section 
     shall be for the purpose of supporting the growth, retention, 
     and development of a diverse and sustainable microelectronics 
     workforce to meet the requirements of the programs 
     established in section 9906(c)(2)(C) of the William M. (Mac) 
     Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2021 in support of the evolving needs of industry, academia, 
     government, and Federal laboratories.
       (3) Uses of funds.--Awards made under this section shall be 
     used to support activities, such as--
       (A) development of industry-oriented curricula and teaching 
     modules for topics relevant to microelectronics, including 
     those that provide meaningful hands-on learning experiences;
       (B) dissemination of materials developed in subparagraph 
     (A), including through the creation and maintenance of a 
     publicly-accessible database and online portal;
       (C) development and implementation of training, research, 
     and professional development programs for teachers, including 
     innovative pre-service and in-service programs, in 
     microelectronics and related fields;
       (D) support for learning activities and experiences that 
     provide physical, simulated, or remote access to training 
     facilities and industry-standard processes and tools, 
     including equipment and software for the design, development, 
     manufacturing, and testing of microelectronics;
       (E) increasing the integration of microelectronics content 
     into STEM curricula at all education levels;
       (F) Growing academic research capacity in microelectronics 
     by incentivizing the hiring of faculty in fields critical to 
     microelectronics;
       (G) support for innovative industry pathway programs that 
     connect high school, vocational, military, college, and 
     graduate programs; and
       (H) providing informal hands-on microelectronics learning 
     opportunities for PreK-12 students in different learning 
     environments, including competitions.
       (4) Advanced microelectronics traineeships.--
       (A) In general.--The Director shall make awards to 
     institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations 
     (or consortia of such institutions and organizations) to 
     establish traineeship programs for graduate students who 
     pursue microelectronics research leading to a masters or 
     doctorate degree by providing funding and other assistance, 
     and by providing graduate students with opportunities for 
     research experiences in government or industry related to the 
     students' microelectronics studies.
       (B) Use of funds.--Institutions of higher education or non-
     profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions and 
     organizations) shall use award funds provided under 
     subparagraph (A) for the purposes of--
       (i) paying tuition and fees, and providing stipends, for 
     students receiving traineeships who are citizens, nationals, 
     or aliens lawfully admitted for permanent residence;
       (ii) facilitating opportunities for scientific internship 
     programs for students receiving traineeships in 
     microelectronics at private industry, nonprofit research 
     institutions, or Federal laboratories; and
       (iii) such other costs associated with the administration 
     of the program.
       (5) Microelectronics skilled technical workforce 
     programs.--The Director shall make awards under the 
     Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
     1862h-j) to support programs for skilled technical workers in 
     STEM disciplines that are aligned with skilled workforce 
     needs of the microelectronics industry and lead to an 
     associate's degree, or equivalent certification, by providing 
     funding and other assistance, including opportunities for 
     internships and other hands-on experiences in industry 
     related to the students' microelectronics studies.
       (6) Microelectronics research experiences through existing 
     programs.--The Director shall seek to increase opportunities 
     for microelectronics research for students and trainees at 
     all levels by encouraging proposals in microelectronics 
     through existing programs including--
       (A) research experiences for undergraduates pursuant to 
     section 514 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 
     2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-6);
       (B) postdoctoral fellowship programs established pursuant 
     to section 522 of the America COMPETES Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
     1862p-11);
       (C) graduate fellowships established pursuant to section 10 
     of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 
     1869);
       (D) informal STEM education programs established pursuant 
     to section 3 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 
     1862q);
       (E) the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program 
     established pursuant to section 10 of the National Science 
     Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-1);

[[Page S3435]]

       (F) major research instrumentation programs established 
     pursuant to section 7036 of the America COMPETES Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1862o-14); and
       (G) low-income scholarship program established pursuant to 
     section 414(d) of the American Competitiveness and Workforce 
     Improvement Act of 1998 (42 U.S.C. 1869c).
       (7) Industry partnerships.--In carrying out the activities 
     under this section, the Director shall encourage awardees to 
     partner with industry and other private sector organizations 
     to facilitate the expansion of workforce pipelines and enable 
     access to industry-standard equipment and software for use in 
     undergraduate and graduate microelectronics education 
     programs.
       (8) Interagency coordination.--In carrying out activities 
     under this section, the Director shall collaborate with the 
     Subcommittee on Microelectronics Leadership of the National 
     Science and Technology Council, established in subsection (a) 
     of section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the 
     National Semiconductor Technology Center established in 
     subsection (c) of section 9906 of such Act, and other 
     relevant Federal agencies to maintain the effectiveness of 
     microelectronics workforce development activities across the 
     agencies.
       (b) National Network for Microelectronics Education.--
       (1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the 
     Secretary of Commerce, shall on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
     basis, make awards to institutions of higher education and 
     non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions 
     and organizations) to establish partnerships to enhance and 
     broaden participation in microelectronics education.
       (2) Activities.--Awards made under this subsection shall be 
     used for the following:
       (A) To conduct training and education activities funded by 
     awards under paragraph (1) and in coordination with the 
     Network Coordination Hub established in paragraph (3), 
     including curricula design, development, dissemination, and 
     assessment, and the sharing of information and best practices 
     across the network of awardees.
       (B) To develop regional partnerships among associate-
     degree-granting colleges, bachelor-degree-granting 
     institutions, workforce development programs, labor 
     organizations, and industry to create a diverse national 
     technical workforce trained in microelectronics and ensure 
     education and training is meeting the evolving needs of 
     industry.
       (C) To develop local workforce pipelines that align with 
     capacity investments made by industry and the Federal 
     government, including vocational and high school training 
     programs, community college degrees and certificates, veteran 
     post service opportunities, and mentoring.
       (D) To facilitate partnerships with employers, employer 
     consortia or other private sector organizations that offer 
     apprenticeships, internships, or applied learning experiences 
     in the field of microelectronics.
       (E) To develop shared infrastructure available to 
     institutions of higher education, two-year colleges, and 
     private organizations to enable experiential learning 
     activities and provide physical or digital access to training 
     facilities and industry-standard tools and processes.
       (F) To create and disseminate public outreach to support 
     awareness of microelectronics education and career 
     opportunities, including through outreach to PreK-12 schools 
     and STEM-related organizations.
       (G) To collaborate and coordinate with industry and 
     existing public and private organizations conducting 
     microelectronics education and workforce development 
     activities, as practicable.
       (3) Network coordination hub.--The Director shall make an 
     award on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis to an 
     institution of higher education or nonprofit organization (or 
     a consortium thereof) to establish a national network of 
     partnerships (referred to in this section as the ``National 
     Network for Microelectronics Education'') to coordinate 
     activities, best practice sharing, and access to facilities 
     across the partnerships established in accordance with 
     paragraph (1).
       (4) Incentivizing participation.--To the extent 
     practicable, the Director shall encourage participation in 
     the National Network for Microelectronics Education through 
     the coordination of activities and distribution of awards 
     described in subsection (a).
       (5) Partnerships.--The Director shall encourage the 
     submission of proposals that are led by historically Black 
     colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, 
     and minority-serving institutions or that include 
     partnerships with or among such institutions to increase the 
     recruitment of students from groups historically 
     underrepresented in STEM to pursue graduate studies in 
     microelectronics.
       (6) Outreach.--In addition to any other requirements as 
     determined appropriate by the Director, the Director shall 
     require that proposals for awards under this section shall 
     include a description of how the applicant will develop and 
     implement outreach activities to increase the participation 
     of women and other students from groups historically 
     underrepresented in STEM.
       (7) Coordination across foundation programs.--In carrying 
     out the activities under this section, the Director shall 
     ensure awardees coordinate with, and avoid unnecessary 
     duplication of, the activities carried out under this Section 
     with the activities of the 21st Century Nanotechnology 
     Research and Development Act (Public Law 108-153), the 
     National Quantum Initiative Act (Public Law 115-368), and 
     Division E of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, and other 
     related programs, as appropriate.
       (8) Interagency coordination.--In carrying out activities 
     under this section, the Director shall collaborate with the 
     Subcommittee on Microelectronics Leadership of the National 
     Science and Technology Council, established in subsection (a) 
     of section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the 
     National Semiconductor Technology Center established in 
     subsection (c) of section 9906 of such Act.

     SEC. 10319. INCORPORATION OF ART AND DESIGN INTO CERTAIN STEM 
                   EDUCATION.

       (a) National Science Foundation Authorization Act.--Section 
     9(a) of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 
     2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n(a)) is amended in paragraph (3)--
       (1) in subparagraph (M), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (2) by redesignating subparagraph (N) as subparagraph (O); 
     and
       (3) after subparagraph (M), by inserting the following new 
     subparagraph:
       ``(N) developing science, technology, engineering, and 
     mathematics educational curriculum that incorporates art and 
     design to promote creativity and innovation; and''.
       (b) STEM Education Act [Log 169 H10304(k)].--Section 3 of 
     the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)--
       (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (B) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and inserting 
     ``; and''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(4) the integration of art and design in STEM educational 
     programs.''; and
       (2) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period and inserting 
     ``; and''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(5) design and testing of programming that integrates art 
     and design in STEM education to promote creativity and 
     innovation.''.

     SEC. 10320. MANDATORY COST-SHARING.

       (a) Waiver.--The cost-sharing requirements under section 
     7036(c) of the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully 
     Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1862o-14(c)) for the Major Research 
     Instrumentation Program and under section 10A(i) of the 
     National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 
     U.S.C. 1862n-1a(i)) for teaching fellowships administered 
     within the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program are 
     waived for a period of 5 years following the date of 
     enactment of this Act.
       (b) Assessment.--Not later than 5 years following the date 
     of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to 
     Congress an assessment, that includes feedback from the 
     research community, of the impacts of the waivers provided 
     under subsection (a), including--
       (1) programmatic and scientific goals;
       (2) institutional commitment and stewardship of Federal 
     resources;
       (3) institutional strategic planning and administrative 
     burden;
       (4) equity among recipient institutions; and
       (5) recommendations for or against extending or making 
     permanent such waivers.

     SEC. 10321. PROGRAMS TO ADDRESS THE STEM WORKFORCE.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall issue undergraduate 
     scholarships, including at community colleges, graduate 
     fellowships and traineeships, postdoctoral awards, and, as 
     appropriate, other awards, to address STEM workforce gaps, 
     including for programs that recruit, retain, and advance 
     students to a bachelor's degree in a STEM discipline 
     concurrent with a secondary school diploma, such as through 
     existing and new partnerships with State educational 
     agencies.
       (b) Postdoctoral Professional Development.--In carrying out 
     this section, the Director shall encourage innovation in 
     postdoctoral professional development, support the 
     development and diversity of the STEM workforce, and study 
     the impacts of such innovation and support. To do so, the 
     Director may use postdoctoral awards established under 
     subsection (a) or leveraged under subsection (d)(1) for 
     fellowships or other temporary rotational postings of not 
     more than 2 years. Such fellowships or temporary rotational 
     postings shall be awarded--
       (1) to qualified individuals who have a doctoral degree and 
     received such degree not earlier than 5 years before the date 
     that the fellowship or temporary rotational posting begins; 
     and
       (2) to carry out research at Federal, State, local, and 
     Tribal government research facilities.
       (c) Direct Hire Authority.--
       (1) In general.--The head of any Federal agency may 
     appoint, without regard to the provisions of subchapter I of 
     chapter 33 of title 5, United States Code, other than 
     sections 3303 and 3328 of that title, a qualified

[[Page S3436]]

     candidate described in paragraph (2) directly to a position 
     in the competitive service with the Federal agency for which 
     the candidate meets Office of Personnel Management 
     qualification standards.
       (2) Fellowship or temporary rotational posting.--Paragraph 
     (1) applies with respect to a former recipient of an award 
     under this subsection who--
       (A) earned a doctoral degree in a STEM field from an 
     institution of higher education; and
       (B) successfully fulfilled the requirements of the 
     fellowship or temporary rotational posting within a Federal 
     agency.
       (3) Limitation.--The direct hire authority under this 
     subsection shall be exercised with respect to a specific 
     qualified candidate not later than 2 years after the date 
     that the candidate completed the requirements related to the 
     fellowship or temporary rotational posting described under 
     this subsection.
       (d) Existing Programs.--In carrying out this section, the 
     Director may leverage existing programs, including programs 
     that issue--
       (1) postdoctoral awards;
       (2) graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive of the 
     NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded under the 
     Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
       (3) scholarships, research experiences, and internships, 
     including--
       (A) scholarships to attend community colleges; and
       (B) research experiences and internships under sections 
     513, 514, and 515 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
     of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-5; 1862p-6; 42 U.S.C. 1862p-7); and
       (4) awards to institutions of higher education to enable 
     the institutions to fund innovation in undergraduate and 
     graduate education, increased educational capacity, and the 
     development and establishment of new or specialized programs 
     of study for graduate, undergraduate, or technical college 
     students, and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the 
     programs of study.

                  Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

     SEC. 10321. PRESIDENTIAL AWARDS FOR EXCELLENCE IN MATHEMATICS 
                   AND SCIENCE.

       (a) In General.--Section 117(a) of the National Science 
     Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1881b(a)) is 
     amended--
       (1) in subparagraph (B)--
       (A) by striking ``108'' and inserting ``110'';
       (B) by striking clause (iv);
       (C) in clause (v), by striking the period at the end and 
     inserting ``; and'';
       (D) by redesignating clauses (i), (ii), (iii), and (v) as 
     subclauses (I), (II), (III), and (IV), respectively, and 
     moving the margins of such subclauses (as so redesignated) 
     two ems to the right; and
       (E) by striking ``In selecting teachers'' and all that 
     follows through ``two teachers--'' and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(C) In selecting teachers for an award authorized by this 
     subsection, the President shall select--
       ``(i) at least two teachers--''; and
       (2) in subparagraph (C), as so designated by paragraph 
     (1)(E) of this subsection, by adding at the end the 
     following:
       ``(ii) at least one teacher--

       ``(I) from the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
     Islands;
       ``(II) from American Samoa;
       ``(III) from the Virgin Islands of the United States; and
       ``(IV) from Guam.''.

       (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) 
     shall apply with respect to awards made on or after the date 
     of the enactment of this Act.

     SEC. 10322. ROBERT NOYCE TEACHER SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM UPDATE.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
     over the next five years the Foundation should increase the 
     number of scholarships awarded under the Robert Noyce Teacher 
     Scholarship program established under section 10 of the 
     National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 
     U.S.C. 1862n-1) by 50 percent.
       (b) Outreach.--To increase the diversity of participants, 
     the Director shall support symposia, forums, conferences, and 
     other activities to expand and enhance outreach to--
       (1) historically Black colleges and universities;
       (2) Tribal Colleges or Universities;
       (3) minority-serving institutions;
       (4) institutions of higher education that are located near 
     or serve rural communities, including EPSCoR institutions;
       (5) labor organizations;
       (6) emerging research institutions; and
       (7) higher education programs that serve or support 
     veterans.

     SEC. 10323. NSF EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON INCLUDES INITIATIVE.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
     competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or 
     non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions 
     or organizations) to carry out a comprehensive national 
     initiative to facilitate the development of networks and 
     partnerships to build on and scale up effective practices in 
     broadening participation in STEM studies and careers of 
     groups historically underrepresented in such studies and 
     careers.
       (b) Change of Name.--The initiative under subsection (a) 
     shall be known as the ``Eddie Bernice Johnson Inclusion 
     across the Nation of Communities of Learners of 
     Underrepresented Discoverers in Engineering and Science 
     Initiative'' or the ``Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES 
     Initiative''.

     SEC. 10324. BROADENING PARTICIPATION ON MAJOR FACILITIES 
                   AWARDS.

       The Director shall require organizations seeking a 
     cooperative agreement for the management of the operations 
     and maintenance of a Foundation project to demonstrate prior 
     experience and current capabilities in or to have a plan for 
     employing best practices in broadening participation in 
     science and engineering and ensure implementation of such 
     practices is considered in oversight of the award.

     SEC. 10325. EXPANDING GEOGRAPHIC AND INSTITUTIONAL DIVERSITY 
                   IN RESEARCH.

       (a) Continuing Support for EPSCoR .--
       (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (A) because maintaining the Nation's scientific and 
     economic leadership requires the participation of talented 
     individuals nationwide, EPSCoR investments into State 
     research and education capacities are in the Federal interest 
     and should be sustained;
       (B) EPSCoR should maintain its experimental component by 
     supporting innovative methods for improving research capacity 
     and competitiveness; and
       (C) the Director should carry out this subsection while 
     maintaining or increasing proposal success rates at emerging 
     research institutions throughout the United States and 
     without precluding access to awards for such institutions.
       (2) Update of epscor.--Section 517(f)(2) of the America 
     COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-
     9(f)(2)) is amended--
       (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end; 
     and
       (B) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(C) to increase the capacity of rural communities to 
     provide quality STEM education and STEM workforce development 
     programming to students, and teachers; and''.
       (3) Geographic diversity and inclusion.--
       (A) In general.--To the maximum extent practicable, not 
     less than--
       (i) 15.5 percent in fiscal year 2023,
       (ii) 16 percent in fiscal year 2024,
       (iii) 16.5 percent in fiscal year 2025,
       (iv) 17 percent in fiscal year 2026,
       (v) 18 percent in fiscal year 2027,
       (vi) 19 percent in fiscal year 2028, and
       (vii) 20 percent in fiscal year 2029,
     of the amounts appropriated to the Foundation for research 
     and related activities, and science, mathematics, and 
     engineering education and human resources programs and 
     activities, excluding those amounts made available for polar 
     research and operations support (and operations and 
     maintenance of research facilities), shall be awarded to 
     EPSCoR institutions.
       (B) Scholarships.--To the maximum extent practicable, not 
     less than--
       (i) 16 percent in fiscal year 2023,
       (ii) 18 percent in fiscal year 2024, and
       (iii) 20 percent in each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029,
     of the amounts appropriated to the Foundation for 
     scholarships (including at community colleges), graduate 
     fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral awards shall 
     be used to support EPSCoR institutions.
       (C) Considerations.--The Director shall consider 
     prioritizing funding and activities that enable sustainable 
     growth in the competitiveness of EPSCoR jurisdictions, 
     including--
       (i) infrastructure investments to build research capacity 
     in EPSCoR jurisdictions;
       (ii) scholarships, fellowships, and traineeships within new 
     and existing programs, to promote the development of 
     sustainable research and academic personnel;
       (iii) partnerships between eligible organizations in EPSCoR 
     and non-EPSCoR jurisdictions, to develop administrative, 
     grant management, and proposal writing capabilities in EPSCoR 
     jurisdictions;
       (iv) capacity building activities for emerging research 
     institutions, historically Black colleges and universities, 
     Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority serving 
     institutions, consistent with this section and section 10524 
     of this division; and
       (v) leveraging the Partnerships for Innovation program, as 
     well as the Foundation coordination role in the Department of 
     Commerce technology and innovation hub program under section 
     28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 
     as added by section 10621, to build sustainable innovation 
     ecosystems in EPSCoR jurisdictions.
       (D) Merit review.--The Director shall achieve the 
     percentages specified in this paragraph to the maximum extent 
     practicable, consistent with the National Science Foundation 
     merit review process.
       (E) Consortia.--In the case of an award to a consortium, 
     the Director may count the entire award toward meeting the 
     funding requirements of subparagraph (A) if the lead entity 
     of the consortium is located in an EPSCoR institution
       (F) Annual reporting.--Beginning with the fiscal year 2023, 
     the Director shall submit to Congress a report describing--
       (i) the Foundation's implementation of this paragraph;
       (ii) progress in building research capacity, including both 
     infrastructure and personnel, in EPSCoR jurisdictions, 
     including at historically Black colleges and universities, 
     Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving 
     institutions, and emerging research institutions; and
       (iii) if the Foundation does not meet the requirement 
     described in subparagraph (A),

[[Page S3437]]

     an explanation relating thereto and a plan for compliance in 
     the following fiscal year and remediation.
       (G) Analysis and sustainability report.--Not later than 
     December 31, 2026, the Director shall submit to Congress a 
     report containing an analysis of the impacts of the 
     requirements under subparagraphs (A) and (B). The report 
     shall include--
       (i) an analysis of how the requirements under this 
     paragraph affected the balance of total funding awarded by 
     the Foundation to states and territories across the United 
     States;
       (ii) an analysis of any changes in award success and total 
     funding awarded to Historically black colleges and 
     universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-
     serving institutions, and emerging research institutions 
     between the date of enactment and December 31, 2026;
       (iii) an analysis of the gains in academic research 
     capacity, quality, and competitiveness and in science and 
     technology human resource development in EPSCoR jurisdictions 
     made between the enactment of this Act and December 31, 2026;
       (iv) an assessment of EPSCoR eligibility criteria and 
     determination on whether new eligibility criteria should be 
     developed based on the findings from clauses (i), (ii), and 
     (iii); and
       (v) a plan to sustain and grow improvements in research 
     capacity and competitiveness in EPSCoR jurisdictions.
       (H) EPSCoR eligibility.--
       (i) In general.--The Director shall ensure eligibility for 
     current EPSCoR jurisdictions for five years from the date of 
     enactment of this Act, after which the Director shall 
     determine whether new eligibility criteria should be 
     developed based on the findings in the report required under 
     subparagraph (G).
       (ii) Report.--Not later than December 31, 2028, the 
     Director shall report to Congress regarding any new 
     eligibility criteria determined under clause (i), any changes 
     to jurisdictional eligibility based on such criteria, and the 
     necessity and practicality of continuing or modifying the 
     requirement under subparagraph (A) given any such changes to 
     eligibility. The report shall include an analysis of options 
     to support regions in non-EPSCoR jurisdictions, adjacent to 
     EPSCoR jurisdictions, that historically receive 
     disproportionately low levels of funding from the Foundation, 
     including, if appropriate, options to expand the EPSCoR 
     program or to establish new programs.
       (b) Fostering Stem Research Diversity and Capacity 
     Program.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a 
     competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible institutions to 
     implement and study innovative approaches for building 
     research capacity in order to engage and retain students from 
     a range of institutions and diverse backgrounds in STEM.
       (2) Eligible institution defined.--In this subsection the 
     term ``eligible institution'' means an institution of higher 
     education that, according to the data published by the 
     National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, is 
     not, on average, among the top 100 institutions in Federal 
     research and development expenditures during the 3-year 
     period prior to the year of the award.
       (3) Purpose.--The activities under this subsection shall be 
     focused on achieving simultaneous impacts at the student, 
     faculty, and institutional levels by increasing the research 
     capacity at eligible institutions and the number of 
     undergraduate and graduate students pursuing STEM degrees 
     from eligible institutions.
       (4) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the 
     Director shall--
       (A) require eligible institutions seeking funding under 
     this subsection to submit an application to the Director at 
     such time, in such manner, containing such information and 
     assurances as the Director may require. The application shall 
     include, at a minimum a description of how the eligible 
     institution plans to sustain the proposed activities beyond 
     the duration of the award;
       (B) require applicants to identify disciplines and focus 
     areas in which the eligible institution can excel, and 
     explain how the applicant will use the award to build 
     capacity to bolster the institutional research 
     competitiveness of eligible entities to support awards made 
     by the Foundation and increase regional and national capacity 
     in STEM;
       (C) require the awards funded under this subsection to 
     support research and related activities, which may include--
       (i) development or expansion of research programs in 
     disciplines and focus areas in subparagraph (B);
       (ii) faculty recruitment and professional development in 
     disciplines and focus areas in subparagraph (B), including 
     for early-career researchers;
       (iii) stipends for undergraduate and graduate students 
     participating in research in disciplines and focus areas in 
     subparagraph (B);
       (iv) acquisition of instrumentation necessary to build 
     research capacity at an eligible institution in disciplines 
     and focus areas in subparagraph (B);
       (v) an assessment of capacity-building and research 
     infrastructure needs;
       (vi) administrative research development support; and
       (vii) other activities necessary to build research 
     capacity; and
       (D) require that no eligible institution should receive 
     more than $10,000,000 in any single year of funds made 
     available under this section.
       (5) Additional considerations.--In making awards under this 
     subsection, the Director may also consider--
       (A) the extent to which the applicant will support students 
     from diverse backgrounds, including first-generation 
     undergraduate students;
       (B) the geographic and institutional diversity of the 
     applying institutions; and
       (C) how the applicants can leverage public-private 
     partnerships and existing partnerships with Federal Research 
     Agencies.
       (6) Duplication.--The Director shall ensure the awards made 
     under this subsection are complementary and not duplicative 
     of existing programs.
       (7) Report.--The Director shall submit a report to Congress 
     after the third year of the program that includes--
       (A) an assessment of the effectiveness of the program for 
     growing the geographic and institutional diversity of 
     institutions of higher education receiving research awards 
     from the Foundation;
       (B) an assessment of the quality, quantity, and geographic 
     and institutional diversity of institutions of higher 
     education conducting Foundation- sponsored research since the 
     establishment of the program in this subsection;
       (C) an assessment of the quantity and diversity of 
     undergraduate and graduate students graduating from eligible 
     institutions with STEM degrees; and
       (D) statistical summary data on the program, including the 
     geographic and institutional allocation of award funding, the 
     number and diversity of supported graduate and undergraduate 
     students, and how it contributes to capacity building at 
     eligible entities.
       (8) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Director $150,000,000 for each of 
     the fiscal years 2023 through 2027 to carry out the 
     activities under this subsection.
       (c) Partnerships With Emerging Research Institutions.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall establish a five-year 
     pilot program for awards to research partnerships that 
     involve emerging research institutions and may involve 
     institutions classified as very high research activity by the 
     Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education 
     at the time of application.
       (2) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the 
     Director shall--
       (A) require that each proposal submitted by a multi-
     institution collaboration for an award, including those under 
     subtitle G of this title, that exceeds $1,000,000, as 
     appropriate, specify how the applicants will support 
     substantive, meaningful, sustainable, and mutually beneficial 
     partnerships with one or more emerging research institutions;
       (B) require recipients funded under this subsection to 
     direct no less than 35 percent of the total award to one or 
     more emerging research institutions;
       (C) require recipients funded under this subsection to 
     report on the partnership activities as part of the annual 
     reporting requirements of the Foundation; and
       (D) solicit feedback on the partnership directly from 
     partner emerging research institutions, in such form as the 
     Director deems appropriate.
       (3) Capacity building.--Funds awarded to emerging research 
     institutions under this subsection may be used to build 
     research capacity, including through support for faculty 
     salaries and training, field and laboratory research 
     experiences for undergraduate and graduate students, and 
     maintenance and repair of research equipment and 
     instrumentation.
       (4) Report.--The Director shall submit a report to Congress 
     after the third year of the pilot program that includes--
       (A) an assessment, drawing on feedback from the research 
     community and other sources of information, of the 
     effectiveness of the pilot program for improving the quality 
     of partnerships with emerging research institutions; and
       (B) if deemed effective, a plan for permanent 
     implementation of the pilot program.

     SEC. 10326. DIVERSITY IN TECH RESEARCH.

       The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
     institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations 
     (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
     support basic, applied, and use-inspired research that yields 
     a scientific evidence base for improving the design and 
     emergence, development and deployment, and management and 
     ultimate effectiveness of entities involved in technology 
     research, including research related to diversity and 
     inclusion in the technology sector.

     SEC. 10327. CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICER OF THE NSF.

       (a) Chief Diversity Officer.--
       (1) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint a senior 
     agency official within the Office of the Director as a Chief 
     Diversity Officer.
       (2) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall have 
     significant experience, within the Federal Government and the 
     science community, with diversity- and inclusion-related 
     matters, including--
       (A) civil rights compliance;
       (B) harassment policy, reviews, and investigations;
       (C) equal employment opportunity; and
       (D) disability policy.
       (b) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible for 
     providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and 
     coordination with

[[Page S3438]]

     respect to matters of the Foundation related to diversity and 
     inclusion, including ensuring the geographic diversity of the 
     Foundation programs. Other duties may include--
       (1) establishing and maintaining a strategic plan that 
     publicly states a diversity definition, vision, and goals for 
     the Foundation;
       (2) defining a set of strategic metrics that are--
       (A) directly linked to key organizational priorities and 
     goals;
       (B) actionable; and
       (C) actively used to implement the strategic plan under 
     paragraph (1);
       (3) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for 
     diverse participation by individuals and institutions of 
     higher education, including community colleges, historically 
     Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
     Universities, minority serving institutions, institutions of 
     higher education with an established STEM capacity building 
     program focused on Native Hawaiians or Alaska Natives, and 
     EPSCoR institutions);
       (4) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for 
     outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped locations and 
     underrepresented populations;
       (5) advising on a diversity and inclusion strategy for the 
     Foundation's portfolio of PreK-12 STEM education focused 
     programs and activities, including goals for addressing 
     barriers to participation;
       (6) advising on the application of the Foundation's broader 
     impacts review criterion; and
       (7) performing such additional duties and exercise such 
     powers as the Director may prescribe.
       (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this 
     section, there are authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 
     for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

     SEC. 10328. RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION TO INCREASE THE 
                   PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN AND UNDERREPRESENTED 
                   MINORITIES IN STEM FIELDS.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a 
     competitive, merit-reviewed basis, to institutions of higher 
     education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such 
     institutions or organizations), to enable such entities to 
     increase the participation of women and underrepresented 
     minorities in STEM studies and careers.
       (b) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity that receives an 
     award under this subsection shall use such award funds to 
     carry out one or more of the following activities designed to 
     increase the participation of women or minorities 
     historically underrepresented in STEM, or both:
       (1) Research to analyze the record-level data collected 
     under sections 10502 and 10504, consistent with policies to 
     ensure the privacy of individuals identifiable by such data.
       (2) Research to study best practices for work-life 
     accommodation.
       (3) Research to study the impact of policies and practices 
     that are implemented or are otherwise consistent with the 
     purposes of this section.
       (4) Mentoring programs that facilitate engagement of STEM 
     professionals with students.
       (5) Research experiences for undergraduate and graduate 
     students in STEM fields.
       (6) Outreach to elementary school and secondary school 
     students to provide opportunities to increase their exposure 
     to STEM fields.
       (c) Dissemination Activities.--The Director shall carry out 
     dissemination activities consistent with the purposes of this 
     section, including--
       (1) collaboration with other Federal research agencies and 
     professional associations to exchange best practices, 
     harmonize work-life accommodation policies and practices, and 
     overcoming common barriers to work-life accommodation; and
       (2) collaboration with institutions of higher education in 
     order to clarify and catalyze the adoption of a coherent and 
     consistent set of work-life accommodation policies and 
     practices.
       (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, and 2027.

     SEC. 10329. ACTIVITIES TO EXPAND STEM OPPORTUNITIES.

       (a) National Science Foundation Support for Increasing 
     Diversity Among Stem Faculty at Institutions of Higher 
     Education.--Section 305 of the American Innovation and 
     Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-5) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections 
     (g) and (h), respectively; and
       (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
       ``(e) Support for Increasing Diversity Among Stem Faculty 
     at Institutions of Higher Education.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Foundation shall 
     make awards to institutions of higher education (or consortia 
     thereof) for the development and assessment of innovative 
     reform efforts designed to increase the recruitment, 
     retention, and advancement of individuals from 
     underrepresented minority groups in academic STEM careers, 
     which may include implementing or expanding successful 
     evidence-based practices.
       ``(2) Merit review; competition.--Awards shall be made 
     under this subsection on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis.
       ``(3) Use of funds.--Activities supported by awards under 
     this subsection may include--
       ``(A) institutional assessment activities, such as data 
     analyses and policy review, in order to identify and address 
     specific issues in the recruitment, retention, and 
     advancement of faculty members from underrepresented minority 
     groups;
       ``(B) assessments of distribution of mentoring and advising 
     responsibilities among faculty, particularly for faculty from 
     underrepresented minority groups, that may detract from time 
     spent on research, publishing papers, and other activities 
     required to achieve tenure status or promotion (or 
     equivalents for non-tenure track faculty) and run a 
     productive research program;
       ``(C) development and assessment of training courses for 
     administrators and search committee members designed to 
     ensure unbiased evaluation of candidates from 
     underrepresented minority groups;
       ``(D) development and hosting of intra- or inter-
     institutional workshops to propagate best practices in 
     recruiting, retaining, and advancing faculty members from 
     underrepresented minority groups;
       ``(E) professional development opportunities for faculty 
     members from underrepresented minority groups;
       ``(F) activities aimed at making undergraduate STEM 
     students from underrepresented minority groups aware of 
     opportunities for academic careers in STEM fields; and
       ``(G) activities to identify and engage exceptional 
     graduate students and postdoctoral researchers from 
     underrepresented minority groups at various stages of their 
     studies and to encourage them to enter academic careers.
       ``(4) Selection process.--
       ``(A) Application.--An institution of higher education (or 
     a consortium of such institutions) seeking funding under this 
     subsection shall submit an application to the Director of the 
     Foundation at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
     information and assurances as such Director may require. The 
     application shall include, at a minimum, a description of--
       ``(i) the reform effort that is being proposed for 
     implementation by the institution of higher education;
       ``(ii) any available evidence of specific difficulties in 
     the recruitment, retention, and advancement of faculty 
     members from underrepresented minority groups in STEM 
     academic careers within the institution of higher education 
     submitting an application, and how the proposed reform effort 
     would address such issues;
       ``(iii) support for the proposed reform effort by 
     administrators of the institution, which may include details 
     on previous or ongoing reform efforts;
       ``(iv) how the proposed reform effort may contribute to 
     change in institutional culture and policy such that a 
     greater value is placed on the recruitment, retention, and 
     advancement of faculty members from underrepresented minority 
     groups;
       ``(v) how the institution of higher education submitting an 
     application plans to sustain the proposed reform effort 
     beyond the duration of the award, if the effort proved 
     successful; and
       ``(vi) how the success and effectiveness of the proposed 
     reform effort will be evaluated and assessed in order to 
     contribute to the national knowledge base about models for 
     catalyzing institutional change.
       ``(B) Award distribution.--The Director of the Foundation 
     shall ensure, to the extent practicable, that awards under 
     this section are made to a variety of types of institutions 
     of higher education.
       ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection 
     $8,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.
       (b) National Science Foundation Support for Broadening 
     Participation in Undergraduate Stem Education.--Section 305 
     of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1862s-5), as amended by subsection (b), is further amended by 
     inserting after subsection (e) the following:
       ``(f) Support for Broadening Participation in Undergraduate 
     Stem Education.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Foundation shall 
     make awards to institutions of higher education (or a 
     consortium of such institutions) to implement or expand 
     research-based reforms in undergraduate STEM education for 
     the purpose of recruiting and retaining students from 
     minority groups who are underrepresented in STEM fields.
       ``(2) Merit review; competition.--Awards shall be made 
     under this subsection on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis.
       ``(3) Use of funds.--Activities supported by awards under 
     this subsection may include--
       ``(A) implementation or expansion of innovative, research-
     based approaches to broaden participation of underrepresented 
     minority groups in STEM fields;
       ``(B) implementation or expansion of successful, research-
     based bridge, cohort, tutoring, or mentoring programs, 
     including those involving community colleges and technical 
     schools, designed to enhance the recruitment and retention of 
     students from underrepresented minority groups in STEM 
     fields;
       ``(C) implementation or expansion of outreach programs 
     linking institutions of higher education and PreK-12 school 
     systems in order to heighten awareness among precollege 
     students from underrepresented minority groups of 
     opportunities in college-level STEM fields and STEM careers;

[[Page S3439]]

       ``(D) implementation or expansion of faculty development 
     programs focused on improving retention of undergraduate STEM 
     students from underrepresented minority groups;
       ``(E) implementation or expansion of mechanisms designed to 
     recognize and reward faculty members who demonstrate a 
     commitment to increasing the participation of students from 
     underrepresented minority groups in STEM fields;
       ``(F) expansion of successful reforms aimed at increasing 
     the number of STEM students from underrepresented minority 
     groups beyond a single course or group of courses to achieve 
     reform within an entire academic unit, or expansion of 
     successful reform efforts beyond a single academic unit or 
     field to other STEM academic units or fields within an 
     institution of higher education;
       ``(G) expansion of opportunities for students from 
     underrepresented minority groups to conduct STEM research in 
     industry, at Federal labs, and at international research 
     institutions or research sites;
       ``(H) provision of stipends for students from 
     underrepresented minority groups participating in research;
       ``(I) development of research collaborations between 
     research-intensive universities and primarily undergraduate 
     historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges 
     or Universities, and minority serving institutions;
       ``(J) support for graduate students and postdoctoral 
     fellows from underrepresented minority groups to participate 
     in instructional or assessment activities at primarily 
     undergraduate institutions, including primarily undergraduate 
     historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges 
     or Universities, and minority serving institutions and 2-year 
     institutions of higher education; and
       ``(K) other activities consistent with paragraph (1), as 
     determined by the Director of the Foundation.
       ``(4) Selection process.--
       ``(A) Application.--An institution of higher education (or 
     a consortium thereof) seeking an award under this subsection 
     shall submit an application to the Director of the Foundation 
     at such time, in such manner, and containing such information 
     and assurances as such Director may require. The application 
     shall include, at a minimum--
       ``(i) a description of the proposed reform effort;
       ``(ii) a description of the research findings that will 
     serve as the basis for the proposed reform effort or, in the 
     case of applications that propose an expansion of a 
     previously implemented reform, a description of the 
     previously implemented reform effort, including data about 
     the recruitment, retention, and academic achievement of 
     students from underrepresented minority groups;
       ``(iii) evidence of an institutional commitment to, and 
     support for, the proposed reform effort, including a long-
     term commitment to implement successful strategies from the 
     current reform beyond the academic unit or units included in 
     the award proposal;
       ``(iv) a description of how the proposed reform effort may 
     contribute to, or in the case of applications that propose an 
     expansion of a previously implemented reforms has contributed 
     to, change in institutional culture and policy such that a 
     greater value is placed on the recruitment, retention and 
     academic achievement of students from underrepresented 
     minority groups;
       ``(v) a description of existing or planned institutional 
     policies and practices regarding faculty hiring, promotion, 
     tenure, and teaching assignment that reward faculty 
     contributions to improving the education of students from 
     underrepresented minority groups in STEM; and
       ``(vi) how the success and effectiveness of the proposed 
     reform effort will be evaluated and assessed in order to 
     contribute to the national knowledge base about models for 
     catalyzing institutional change,
       ``(B) Award distribution.--The Director of the Foundation 
     shall ensure, to the extent practicable, that awards under 
     this subsection are made to a variety of types of 
     institutions of higher education, including historically 
     Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
     Universities, minority serving institutions, and 2-year 
     institutions of higher education.
       ``(5) Education research.--
       ``(A) In general.--All awards made under this subsection 
     shall include an education research component that will 
     support the design and implementation of a system for data 
     collection and evaluation of proposed reform efforts in order 
     to build the knowledge base on promising models for 
     increasing recruitment and retention of students from 
     underrepresented minority groups in STEM education at the 
     undergraduate level across a diverse set of institutions.
       ``(B) Dissemination.--The Director of the Foundation shall 
     coordinate with the Committee on STEM Education of the 
     National Science and Technology Council in disseminating the 
     results of the research under this paragraph to ensure that 
     best practices in broadening participation in STEM education 
     at the undergraduate level are made readily available to all 
     institutions of higher education, other Federal agencies that 
     support STEM programs, non-Federal funders of STEM education, 
     and the general public.
       ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection 
     $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

     SEC. 10330. INTRAMURAL EMERGING RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS PILOT 
                   PROGRAM.

       (a) Establishment.--The Director may conduct multiple pilot 
     programs, including through existing programs or other 
     programs authorized in this division or division A, within 
     the Foundation to expand the number of institutions of higher 
     education (including such institutions that are community 
     colleges), and other eligible entities that the Director 
     determines appropriate, that are able to successfully compete 
     for Foundation awards.
       (b) Components.--Pilot programs under this section may 
     include--
       (1) a mentorship program;
       (2) award application writing technical assistance;
       (3) targeted outreach, including to a historically Black 
     college or university, a Tribal college or university, or a 
     minority-serving institution (including a Hispanic-serving 
     institution or an institution of higher education with an 
     established STEM capacity building program focused on Native 
     Hawaiians or Alaska Natives);
       (4) programmatic support or solutions for institutions or 
     entities that do not have an experienced award management 
     office;
       (5) an increase in the number of award proposal reviewers 
     from institutions of higher education that have not 
     traditionally received funds from the Foundation; or
       (6) an increase of the term and funding, for a period of 3 
     years or less, as appropriate, for awards with a first-time 
     principal investigator, when paired with regular mentoring on 
     the administrative aspects of award management.
       (c) Limitation.--As appropriate, each pilot program under 
     this section shall work to reduce administrative burdens for 
     recipients and award personnel.
       (d) Agency-wide Programs.--Not later than 5 years after the 
     date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall--
       (1) review the results of the pilot programs under this 
     section; and
       (2) develop agencywide best practices from the pilot 
     programs for implementation across the Foundation, in order 
     to fulfill the requirement under section 3(e) of the National 
     Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1862(e)).

                   Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

     SEC. 10331. OFFICE OF RESEARCH SECURITY AND POLICY.

       The Director shall maintain a Research Security and Policy 
     office within the Office of the Director with not fewer than 
     four full-time equivalent positions, in addition to the Chief 
     of Research Security established pursuant to section 10332. 
     The functions of the Research Security and Policy office 
     shall be to coordinate all research security policy issues 
     across the Foundation, including by--
       (1) consulting and coordinating with the Foundation Office 
     of Inspector General, with other Federal research agencies, 
     and intelligence and law enforcement agencies, and the 
     National Science and Technology Council, as appropriate, in 
     accordance with the authority provided under section 1746 of 
     the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 
     (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), to identify and 
     address potential security risks that threaten research 
     integrity and other risks to the research enterprise and to 
     develop research security policy and best practices, taking 
     into account the policy guidelines to be issued by the 
     Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy under 
     section 10631 of this division;
       (2) serving as a resource at the Foundation for all issues 
     related to the security and integrity of the conduct of 
     Foundation-supported research;
       (3) conducting outreach and education activities for 
     recipients on research policies and potential security risks 
     and on policies and activities to protect intellectual 
     property and information about critical technologies relevant 
     to national security, consistent with the controls relevant 
     to the grant or award;
       (4) educating Foundation program managers and other 
     directorate staff on evaluating Foundation awards and 
     recipients for potential security risks;
       (5) communicating reporting and disclosure requirements to 
     recipients and applicants for funding;
       (6) performing risk assessments, in consultation, as 
     appropriate, with other Federal agencies, of Foundation 
     proposals and awards using analytical tools to assess 
     nondisclosures of required information;
       (7) establishing policies and procedures for identifying, 
     communicating, and addressing security risks that threaten 
     the integrity of Foundation-supported research and 
     development, working in consultation, as appropriate, with 
     other Federal agencies, to ensure compliance with National 
     Security Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to 
     strengthening protections of United States Government-
     supported research and development against foreign government 
     interference and exploitation) or a successor policy 
     document; and
       (8) in accordance with relevant policies of the agency, 
     conducting or facilitating due diligence with regard to 
     applications for research and development awards from the 
     Foundation prior to making such awards.

     SEC. 10332. CHIEF OF RESEARCH SECURITY.

        The Director shall appoint a senior agency official within 
     the Office of the Director as a Chief of Research Security, 
     whose primary responsibility shall be to manage the office 
     established under section 10331.

[[Page S3440]]

  


     SEC. 10333. REPORTING TO CONGRESS.

       (a) Report on Resource Needs.--Not later than 180 days 
     after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director 
     shall provide a report to the Committee on Science, Space, 
     and Technology of the House of Representatives, the Committee 
     on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the 
     Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, 
     and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate on the 
     resources and the number of full time employees needed to 
     carry out the functions of the office established in section 
     10331.
       (b) Annual Report on Office Activities.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, the 
     Director shall submit to Congress a report on the activities 
     carried out by the Office of Research Security, detailing--
       (A) a description of the activities conducted by the 
     Office, including administrative actions taken;
       (B) such recommendations as the Director may have for 
     legislative or administrative action relating to improving 
     research security;
       (C) identification and discussion of the gaps in legal 
     authorities that need to be improved to enhance the security 
     of institutions of higher education performing research 
     supported by the Foundation; and
       (D) information on Foundation Inspector General cases, as 
     appropriate, relating to undue influence and security threats 
     to research and development activities funded by the 
     Foundation, including theft of property or intellectual 
     property relating to a project funded by the Foundation at an 
     institution of higher education.
       (2) Form.--The report submitted under paragraph (1) shall 
     be submitted in both unclassified and classified formats, as 
     appropriate.

     SEC. 10334. ONLINE RESOURCE.

       The Director shall develop an online resource hosted on the 
     Foundation's website containing up-to-date information, 
     tailored for institutions and individual researchers, 
     including--
       (1) an explanation of Foundation research security 
     policies;
       (2) unclassified guidance on potential security risks that 
     threaten research integrity and other risks to the research 
     enterprise;
       (3) examples of beneficial international collaborations and 
     how such collaborations differ from foreign government 
     interference efforts that threaten research integrity;
       (4) best practices for mitigating security risks that 
     threaten research integrity; and
       (5) additional reference materials, including tools that 
     assist organizations seeking Foundation funding and awardees 
     in information disclosure to the Foundation.

     SEC. 10335. RESEARCH AWARDS.

        The Director shall continue to make awards, on a 
     competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or 
     non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions 
     or organizations) to support research on the conduct of 
     research and the research environment, including research on 
     research misconduct or breaches of research integrity and 
     detrimental research practices.

     SEC. 10336. AUTHORITIES.

       In addition to existing authorities for preventing waste, 
     fraud, abuse, and mismanagement of Federal funds, the 
     Director, acting through the Office of Research Security and 
     Policy and in coordination with the Foundation's Office of 
     Inspector General, shall have the authority to conduct risk 
     assessments, including through the use of open-source 
     analysis and analytical tools, of research and development 
     award applications and disclosures to the Foundation.

     SEC. 10337. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT IN RESEARCH TRAINING.

        Section 7009 of the America Creating Opportunities to 
     Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and 
     Science Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-1) is amended by--
       (1) striking ``and postdoctoral researchers'' and inserting 
     ``postdoctoral researchers, faculty, and other senior 
     personnel''; and
       (2) by striking the period and inserting the following: ``, 
     including--
       ``(1) mentor training and mentorship;
       ``(2) training to raise awareness of potential research 
     security threats; and
       ``(3) Federal export control, disclosure, and reporting 
     requirements.''.

     SEC. 10338. RESEARCH SECURITY AND INTEGRITY INFORMATION 
                   SHARING ANALYSIS ORGANIZATION.

       (a) Establishment.--The Director shall enter into an 
     agreement with a qualified independent organization to 
     establish a research security and integrity information 
     sharing analysis organization (referred to in this section as 
     the ``RSI-ISAO''), which shall include members described in 
     subsection (d) and carry out the duties described in 
     subsection (b).
       (b) Duties.--The RSI-ISAO shall--
       (1) serve as a clearinghouse for information to help enable 
     the members and other entities in the research community to 
     understand the context of their research and identify 
     improper or illegal efforts by foreign entities to obtain 
     research results, know how, materials, and intellectual 
     property;
       (2) develop a set of standard risk assessment frameworks 
     and best practices, relevant to the research community, to 
     assess research security risks in different contexts;
       (3) share information concerning security threats and 
     lessons learned from protection and response efforts through 
     forums and other forms of communication;
       (4) provide timely reports on research security risks to 
     provide situational awareness tailored to the research and 
     STEM education community;
       (5) provide training and support, including through 
     webinars, for relevant faculty and staff employed by 
     institutions of higher education on topics relevant to 
     research security risks and response;
       (6) enable standardized information gathering and data 
     compilation, storage, and analysis for compiled incident 
     reports;
       (7) support analysis of patterns of risk and identification 
     of bad actors and enhance the ability of members to prevent 
     and respond to research security risks; and
       (8) take other appropriate steps to enhance research 
     security.
       (c) Funding.--The Foundation may provide initial funds 
     toward the RSI-ISAO but shall seek to have the fees 
     authorized in subsection (d)(2) cover the costs of operations 
     at the earliest practicable time.
       (d) Membership.--
       (1) In general.--The RSI-ISAO shall serve and include 
     members representing institutions of higher education, 
     nonprofit research institutions, and small and medium-sized 
     businesses.
       (2) Fees.--As soon as practicable, members of the RSI-ISAO 
     shall be charged an annual rate to enable the RSI-ISAO to 
     cover its costs. Rates shall be set on a sliding scale based 
     on research and development expenditures to ensure that 
     membership is accessible to a diverse community of 
     stakeholders and ensure broad participation. The RSI-ISAO 
     shall develop a plan to sustain the RSI-ISAO without Federal 
     funding, as practicable.
       (e) Board of Directors.--The RSI-ISAO may establish a board 
     of directors to provide guidance for policies, legal issues, 
     and plans and strategies of the entity's operations. The 
     board shall include a diverse group of stakeholders 
     representing the research community, including academia, 
     industry, and experienced research security administrators.
       (f) Stakeholder Engagement.--In establishing the RSI-ISAO 
     under this section, the Director shall take necessary steps 
     to ensure the services provided are aligned with the needs of 
     the research community, including by--
       (1) convening a series of workshops or other multi-
     stakeholder events; or
       (2) publishing a description of the services the RSI-ISAO 
     intends to provide and the requirements for membership in the 
     Federal Register and provide an opportunity for submission of 
     public comments for a period of not less than 60 days.

     SEC. 10339. PLAN WITH RESPECT TO CONTROLLED INFORMATION AND 
                   BACKGROUND SCREENING.

       (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     enactment of this Act, the Director, in consultation with the 
     Director of National Intelligence and, as appropriate, other 
     Federal agencies, shall develop a plan to--
       (1) identify research areas supported by the Foundation, 
     including in the key technology focus areas, that may involve 
     access to controlled unclassified or classified information, 
     including in the key technology focus areas; and
       (2) exercise due diligence in granting access, as 
     appropriate, to the CUI or classified information identified 
     under paragraph (1) to individuals working on such research 
     who are employees of the Foundation or covered individuals on 
     research and development awards funded by the Foundation.
       (b) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Classified information.--The term ``classified 
     information'' means any information that has been determined 
     pursuant to Executive Order 13526, any predecessor or 
     successor order, or sections 1-274, 275-321, and 1001-3115 of 
     the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011-2021, 2022-
     2286i, 2296a-2297h-13) to require protection against 
     unauthorized disclosure and that is so designated.
       (2) Controlled unclassified information.--The term 
     ``controlled unclassified information'' or ``CUI'' means 
     information described as ``Controlled Unclassified 
     Information'' under Executive Order 13556 or any successor 
     order, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure 
     and that is so designated.

     SEC. 10339A. FOUNDATION FUNDING TO INSTITUTIONS HOSTING OR 
                   SUPPORTING CONFUCIUS INSTITUTES.

       (a) Confucius Institute Defined.--In this section the term 
     ``Confucius Institute'' means a cultural institute 
     established as a partnership between a United States 
     institution of higher education and a Chinese institution of 
     higher education to promote and teach Chinese language and 
     culture that is funded, directly or indirectly, by the 
     Government of the People's Republic of China.
       (b) Restrictions of Confucius Institutes.--Except as 
     provided in subsection (d), none of the funds made available 
     to the Foundation under this division or division A, or an 
     amendment made by this division or division A, may be 
     obligated or expended to an institution of higher education 
     that maintains a contract or agreement between the 
     institution and a Confucius Institute, unless the Director, 
     after consultation with the National Academies, determines 
     such a waiver is appropriate in accordance with subsection 
     (c).
       (c) Waiver.--The Director, after consultation with the 
     National Academies, may issue a waiver for an institution of 
     higher education that maintains a contract or agreement 
     between the institution and a Confucius Institute if such 
     contract or agreement includes clear provisions that--

[[Page S3441]]

       (1) protect academic freedom at the institution;
       (2) prohibit the application of any foreign law on any 
     campus of the institution;
       (3) grant full managerial authority of the Confucius 
     Institute to the institution, including full control over 
     what is being taught, the activities carried out, the 
     research awards that are made, and who is employed at the 
     Confucius Institute; and
       (4) prohibit co-location with the institution's Chinese 
     language, history, and cultural programs and require separate 
     promotional materials.
       (d) Special Rule.--
       (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     this section, this section shall not apply to an institution 
     of higher education if that institution has fulfilled the 
     requirements for a waiver from the Department of Defense as 
     described under section 1062 of the National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).
       (2) Exception.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
     section, the prohibition under subsection (b) shall not apply 
     to amounts provided to students as educational assistance.
       (e) Effective Date.--The limitation under subsection (b) 
     shall apply with respect to the first fiscal year that begins 
     after the date that is two years after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act and to any subsequent fiscal year 
     subject to subsection (f).
       (f) Sunset.--This section shall cease to be effective on 
     the date that is five years after the date of the enactment 
     of this Act.

     SEC. 10339B. FOREIGN FINANCIAL SUPPORT.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall request, on an annual 
     basis, from a recipient institution of higher education a 
     disclosure, in the form of a summary document, from the 
     institution, a foundation of the institution, and related 
     entities such as any educational, cultural, or language 
     entity, of the current financial support, the value of which 
     is $50,000 or more, including gifts and contracts, received 
     directly or indirectly from a foreign source (as such term is 
     defined in section 117 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
     (20 U.S.C. 1011f(h)(2))) associated with a foreign country of 
     concern.
       (b) Records.--Each disclosure to the Director under this 
     section shall be made on the condition that the institution 
     will maintain a true copy of the relevant records subject to 
     the disclosure requirement until the latest of--
       (1) the date that is four years after the date of the 
     agreement;
       (2) the date on which the agreement terminates; or
       (3) the last day of any period that applicable State public 
     record law requires a true copy of such agreement to be 
     maintained.
       (c) Documentation.--Upon review of the disclosures under 
     this section, the Director may request that a recipient 
     institution provide true copies of any contracts, agreements, 
     or documentation of financial transactions associated with 
     disclosures made under this section.
       (d) Office of the Inspector General.--The Director, acting 
     through the Office of Research Security and Policy in 
     coordination with the Foundation's Office of Inspector 
     General and in consultation with the recipient institution, 
     may reduce the award funding amount or suspend or terminate 
     the award if the Director determines--
       (1) such institution fails to comply with the records 
     retention requirement in subsection (b) or fails to provide 
     information requested under this section; or
       (2) the Chief of Research Security determines the 
     disclosures under this section indicate a threat to research 
     security.

     SEC. 10339C. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for each 
     of fiscal years 2023 through 2027, the Director shall 
     allocate $6,000,000 to carry out the activities under this 
     subtitle.

                    Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

     SEC. 10341. BROADER IMPACTS.

       (a) Assessment.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
     agreement with a qualified independent organization to assess 
     how the Broader Impacts review criterion is applied across 
     the Foundation and make recommendations for improving the 
     effectiveness for meeting the goals established in section 
     526 of the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully 
     Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science 
     Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-14).
       (b) Activities.--The Director shall make awards on a 
     competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or 
     non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions 
     or organizations) to support activities to increase the 
     efficiency, effectiveness, and availability of resources for 
     implementing the Broader Impacts review criterion, 
     including--
       (1) training and workshops for program officers, merit 
     review panelists, award office administrators, faculty, and 
     students to improve understanding of the goals and the full 
     range of potential broader impacts available to researchers 
     to satisfy this criterion;
       (2) repositories and clearinghouses for sharing best 
     practices and facilitating collaboration; and
       (3) tools for evaluating and documenting societal impacts 
     of research.

     SEC. 10342. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

       It is the sense of Congress that the Director should 
     continue to identify opportunities to reduce the 
     administrative burden on researchers.

     SEC. 10343. RESEARCH ETHICS.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) a number of emerging areas of research have potential 
     ethical, social, safety, and security implications that might 
     be apparent as early as the basic research stage;
       (2) the incorporation of ethical, social, safety, and 
     security considerations into the research design and review 
     process for Federal awards, may help mitigate potential harms 
     before they happen;
       (3) the Foundation's agreement with the National Academies 
     to conduct a study and make recommendations with respect to 
     governance of research in emerging technologies is a positive 
     step toward accomplishing this goal; and
       (4) the Foundation should continue to work with 
     stakeholders to promote best practices for governance of 
     research in emerging technologies at every stage of research.
       (b) Incorporation of Ethics Considerations.--Drawing on 
     stakeholder input, not later than 24 months after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall revise proposal 
     instructions to require that ethical and societal 
     considerations are to be included as part of a proposal for 
     funding prior to making the award, where such considerations 
     are applicable. Such considerations shall be evaluated by the 
     Director in the review of proposals, taking into account any 
     relevant input from the peer-reviewers for the proposal, and 
     shall factor into award decisions, as deemed necessary by the 
     Director. When incorporating such considerations, proposers 
     may include, as appropriate--
       (1)(A) any readily foreseeable or quantifiable risks to 
     society, including how the research could enable products, 
     technologies, or other outcomes that could intentionally or 
     unintentionally cause significant societal harm; or
       (B) an assertion that no readily foreseeable potential 
     ethical, social, safety, or security implications are 
     apparent;
       (2) how technical or social solutions can mitigate such 
     risks and, as appropriate, a plan to implement such 
     mitigation measures; and
       (3) how partnerships and collaborations in the research can 
     help mitigate potential harm and amplify potential societal 
     benefits.
       (c) Guidance.--The Director shall solicit stakeholder input 
     to develop clear guidance on what constitutes a readily 
     foreseeable or quantifiable risk as described in subsection 
     (b)(1), and to the extent practicable harmonize this policy 
     with existing ethical policies or related requirements for 
     human subjects.
       (d) Research.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
     competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or 
     non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions 
     or organizations) to support--
       (1) research to assess the potential ethical and societal 
     implications of Foundation- supported research and products 
     or technologies enabled by such research, including the 
     benefits and risks identified pursuant to subsection (b)(1); 
     and
       (2) the development and verification of approaches to 
     proactively mitigate foreseeable risks to society, including 
     the technical and social solutions identified pursuant to 
     subsection (b)(1).
       (e) Annual Report.--The Director shall encourage recipients 
     to update their consideration of potential risks and benefits 
     as appropriate as part of the annual reports required by all 
     awardees under the award terms and conditions.

     SEC. 10344. RESEARCH REPRODUCIBILITY AND REPLICABILITY.

       (a) In General.--Consistent with existing Federal law for 
     privacy, intellectual property, and security, the Director 
     shall facilitate public access to research products, 
     including data, software, and code, developed as part of 
     Foundation-supported projects.
       (b) Data Management Plans.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall require that every 
     proposal for funding for research include a machine-readable 
     data management plan that includes a description of how the 
     awardee will archive and preserve public access to data, 
     software, and code developed as part of the proposed project.
       (2) Requirements.--In carrying out the requirement in 
     paragraph (1), the Director shall--
       (A) provide necessary resources, including trainings and 
     workshops, to educate researchers and students on how to 
     develop and review high quality data management plans;
       (B) ensure program officers and merit review panels are 
     equipped with the resources and training necessary to review 
     the quality of data management plans; and
       (C) ensure program officers and merit review panels treat 
     data management plans as essential elements of award 
     proposals, where appropriate.
       (c) Open Repositories.--The Director shall--
       (1) consult with the heads of other Federal research 
     agencies, as appropriate, and solicit input from the 
     scientific community, to develop and widely disseminate a set 
     of criteria for trusted open repositories to be used by 
     Foundation-funded researchers, accounting for discipline-
     specific needs and necessary protections for sensitive 
     information;
       (2) work with stakeholders to identify significant gaps in 
     available repositories meeting the criteria developed under 
     paragraph

[[Page S3442]]

     (1) and options for supporting the development of additional 
     or enhanced repositories;
       (3) make awards on a competitive basis to institutions of 
     higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of 
     such institutions or organizations) for the development, 
     upgrades, and maintenance of open data repositories that meet 
     the criteria developed under paragraph (1);
       (4) work with stakeholders and build on existing models, 
     where appropriate, to establish a single, public, web-based 
     point of access to help users locate repositories storing 
     data, software, and code resulting from or used in 
     Foundation-supported projects;
       (5) work with stakeholders to establish the necessary 
     policies and procedures and allocate the necessary resources 
     to ensure, as practicable, data underlying published findings 
     resulting from Foundation-supported projects are deposited in 
     repositories meeting the criteria developed under paragraph 
     (1) at the time of publication;
       (6) incentivize the deposition of data, software, and code 
     into repositories that meet the criteria developed under 
     paragraph (1); and
       (7) coordinate with the scientific publishing community and 
     the heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies 
     to support the development of voluntary consensus standards 
     around data archiving and sharing.
       (d) Research, Development, and Education.--The Director 
     shall make awards, on a competitive basis to institutions of 
     higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of 
     such institutions or organizations) to--
       (1) support research and development of open source, 
     sustainable, usable tools and infrastructure that support 
     reproducibility for a broad range of studies across different 
     disciplines;
       (2) support research on computational reproducibility, 
     including the limits of reproducibility and the consistency 
     of computational results in the development of new 
     computation hardware, tools, and methods; and
       (3) support the education and training of students, 
     faculty, and researchers on computational methods, tools, and 
     techniques to improve the quality and sharing of data, code, 
     and supporting metadata to produce reproducible research.

     SEC. 10345. CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH.

       The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
     institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
     (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
     support research to improve our understanding of the climate 
     system and related human and environmental systems.

     SEC. 10346. SOCIAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND ECONOMIC SCIENCES.

       The Director shall--
       (1) actively communicate opportunities and solicit 
     proposals for social, behavioral, and economic science 
     researchers to participate in cross-cutting and 
     interdisciplinary programs, including the Convergence 
     Accelerator and agency priority activities, and the Mid-Scale 
     Research Infrastructure program; and
       (2) ensure social, behavioral, and economic science 
     researchers are represented on relevant merit review panels 
     for such activities.

     SEC. 10347. MEASURING IMPACTS OF FEDERALLY FUNDED RESEARCH 
                   AND DEVELOPMENT.

       The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit-
     reviewed basis to institutions of higher education or non-
     profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
     organizations) to support research and development of data, 
     models, indicators, and associated analytical tools to 
     improve our understanding of the impacts of Federally funded 
     research on society, the economy, and the workforce, 
     including domestic job creation.

     SEC. 10348. FOOD-ENERGY-WATER RESEARCH.

       The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to 
     institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
     (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
       (1) support research to significantly advance our 
     understanding of the food-energy-water system through 
     quantitative and computational modeling, including support 
     for relevant cyberinfrastructure;
       (2) develop real-time, cyber-enabled interfaces that 
     improve understanding of the behavior of food-energy-water 
     systems and increase decision support capability;
       (3) support research that will lead to innovative solutions 
     to critical food-energy-water system problems; and
       (4) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and 
     managing the food-energy-water system, through education and 
     other professional development.

     SEC. 10349. BIOLOGICAL FIELD STATIONS AND MARINE 
                   LABORATORIES.

       The Director shall continue to support enhancing, repairing 
     and maintaining research instrumentation, laboratories, 
     telecommunications and housing at biological field stations 
     and marine laboratories.

     SEC. 10350. SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

       In accordance with section 263 of the National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, the Director shall 
     carry out activities in support of sustainable chemistry, 
     including--
       (1) establishing a program to make awards, on a competitive 
     basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
     organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
     organizations) to support--
       (A) individual investigators and teams of investigators, 
     including to the extent practicable, early career 
     investigators for research and development;
       (B) collaborative research and development partnerships 
     among universities, industry, and non-profit organizations;
       (C) integrating sustainable chemistry principles into 
     elementary, secondary, undergraduate, and graduate chemistry 
     and chemical engineering curriculum and research training, as 
     appropriate to that level of education and training; and
       (2) incorporating sustainable chemistry into existing 
     Foundation research and development programs.

     SEC. 10351. RISK AND RESILIENCE RESEARCH.

       The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to 
     institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
     (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
     advance knowledge of risk assessment and predictability and 
     to support the creation of tools and technologies, including 
     advancing data analytics and utilization of artificial 
     intelligence, for increased resilience through--
       (1) improvements in our ability to understand, model, and 
     predict extreme events and natural hazards;
       (2) the creation of novel engineered systems solutions for 
     resilient complex infrastructures, particularly those that 
     address critical interdependence among infrastructures and 
     leverage the growing infusion of cyber-physical-social 
     components into the infrastructures;
       (3) development of equipment and instrumentation for 
     innovation in resilient engineered infrastructures;
       (4) multidisciplinary research on the behaviors individuals 
     and communities engage in to detect, perceive, understand, 
     predict, assess, mitigate, and prevent risks and to improve 
     and increase resilience; and
       (5) advancements in multidisciplinary wildfire science, 
     including those related to air quality impacts, human 
     behavior, and early detection and warning.

     SEC. 10352. UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES.

       In coordination with the Administrator of the Federal 
     Aviation Administration and the Administrator of the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Director shall 
     carry out a program of research and related activities 
     related to unmanned aircraft system technologies, which may 
     include a prize competition pursuant to section 24 of the 
     Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
     3719) and support for undergraduate and graduate curriculum 
     development.

     SEC. 10353. ACCELERATING UNMANNED MARITIME SYSTEMS 
                   TECHNOLOGIES.

       (a) In General.--In order to support advances in marine 
     science, maritime domain awareness, and national security the 
     Director, in consultation with the Under Secretary of 
     Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and the Commandant of the 
     Coast Guard, shall issue awards, on a competitive basis, to 
     institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations 
     (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
     support research that will accelerate innovation to advance 
     unmanned maritime systems for the purpose of providing 
     greater maritime domain awareness to the Nation.
       (b) Coordination.--In implementing this section, the 
     Director shall coordinate with the Coast Guard, the 
     Department of Defense, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration, and other Federal agencies, including those 
     established under the Commercial Engagement Through Ocean 
     Technology Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-394).

     SEC. 10354. LEVERAGING INTERNATIONAL EXPERTISE IN RESEARCH.

       The Director shall explore and advance opportunities for 
     leveraging international capabilities and resources that 
     align with the Foundation and United States research 
     community priorities and have the potential to benefit United 
     States prosperity, security, health, and well-being, 
     including through binational research and development 
     organizations and foundations and by sending teams of 
     Foundation scientific staff for site visits of scientific 
     facilities and agencies in other countries. The Director 
     shall establish and implement policies, including through any 
     research security training requirements, to mitigate the 
     potential risks of such interactions, including risks to the 
     protection of intellectual property and the risk of undue 
     foreign influence on research.

     SEC. 10355. BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH COLLECTIONS.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall continue to support 
     databases, tools, methods, and other activities that secure 
     and improve existing physical and digital biological research 
     collections, improve the accessibility of collections and 
     collection-related data for research and educational 
     purposes, develop capacity for curation and collection 
     management, and to transfer ownership of collections that are 
     significant to the biological research community, including 
     to museums and universities.
       (b) Specimen Management Plan.--In consultation with other 
     relevant Federal research agencies, and as the Director 
     determines is appropriate, the Director shall require that 
     proposals submitted to the Foundation for funding for 
     research that involves collecting or generating specimens 
     include, as part of the data management plan under

[[Page S3443]]

     section 10344, a description of how the specimens and 
     associated data will be accessioned into and maintained in an 
     established biological collection.
       (c) Action Center for Biological Collections.--In 
     coordination with other relevant Federal research agencies, 
     as appropriate, the Director shall make awards on a 
     competitive basis to institutions of higher education or non-
     profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
     organizations) to facilitate coordination and data sharing 
     among communities of practice for research, education, 
     workforce training, evaluation, and business model 
     development, including by establishing an Action Center for 
     Biological Collections.

     SEC. 10356. CLEAN WATER RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ACCELERATION.

       The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit-
     reviewed basis to institutions of higher education or non-
     profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
     organizations) to--
       (1) support transdisciplinary research to significantly 
     advance our understanding of water availability, quality, and 
     dynamics and the impact of human activity and a changing 
     climate on urban and rural water and wastewater systems, 
     including in low-income, underserved, and disadvantaged 
     communities;
       (2) develop, pilot, and deploy innovative technologies, 
     systems, and other approaches to identifying and addressing 
     challenges that affect water availability, quality, and 
     security, including through direct engagement with affected 
     communities and partnerships with the private sector, State, 
     territorial, Tribal, and local governments, non-profit 
     organizations and water management professionals; and
       (3) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and 
     managing water and wastewater systems and of conducting 
     wastewater surveillance, through education, training, and 
     other professional development.

     SEC. 10357. TECHNOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE RESEARCH.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
     reviewed, competitive basis for research and development to--
       (1) increase understanding of social media and consumer 
     technology access and use patterns and related mental health, 
     behavioral, and substance use disorder issues, particularly 
     for children and adolescents; and
       (2) explore the role of social media and consumer 
     technology in rising rates of mental health and substance use 
     disorder issues, including within communities experiencing 
     long-term economic distress.
       (b) Coordination to Avoid Duplication.--In making awards 
     under this subsection, the Director shall, for purposes of 
     avoiding duplication of activities and research, consult, 
     collaborate, and coordinate with the heads of other relevant 
     Federal departments and agencies, including the Department of 
     Health and Human Services.

     SEC. 10358. MANUFACTURING RESEARCH AMENDMENT.

       Section 506(a) of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
     of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-1(a)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (2) in paragraph (6)--
       (A) by striking ``and'' before ``virtual manufacturing''; 
     and
       (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and 
     artificial intelligence and machine learning; and''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(7) additive manufacturing, including new material 
     designs, complex materials, rapid printing techniques, and 
     real-time process controls.''.

     SEC. 10359. CRITICAL MINERALS MINING RESEARCH AND 
                   DEVELOPMENT.

       (a) Critical Minerals Mining Research and Development at 
     the Foundation.--
       (1) In general.--In order to support supply chain 
     resiliency, the Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
     basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
     organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
     organizations) to support basic research that will accelerate 
     innovation to advance critical minerals mining strategies and 
     technologies for the purpose of making better use of domestic 
     resources and eliminating national reliance on minerals and 
     mineral materials that are subject to supply disruptions.
       (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by an award under this 
     section may include--
       (A) advancing mining research and development activities to 
     develop new mapping and mining technologies and techniques, 
     including advanced critical mineral extraction and 
     production, separation, alloying, or processing techniques 
     and technologies that can decrease energy intensity to 
     improve existing or to develop new supply chains of critical 
     minerals, and to yield more efficient, economical, and 
     environmentally benign mining practices;
       (B) advancing critical mineral processing research 
     activities to improve separation, alloying, manufacturing, or 
     recycling techniques and technologies that can decrease the 
     energy intensity, waste, potential environmental impact, and 
     costs of those activities;
       (C) conducting long-term earth observation of reclaimed 
     mine sites, including the study of the evolution of microbial 
     diversity at such sites;
       (D) examining the application of artificial intelligence 
     for geological exploration of critical minerals, including 
     what size and diversity of data sets would be required;
       (E) examining the application of machine learning for 
     detection and sorting of critical minerals, including what 
     size and diversity of data sets would be required;
       (F) conducting detailed isotope studies of critical 
     minerals and the development of more refined geologic models;
       (G) improved understanding of the geological and 
     geochemical processes through which critical minerals form 
     and are concentrated into economically viable deposits; or
       (H) providing training and research opportunities to 
     undergraduate and graduate students to prepare the next 
     generation of mining engineers and researchers.
       (3) Existing programs.--The Director shall ensure awards 
     made under this subsection are complementary and not 
     duplicative of existing programs across the Foundation and 
     Federal Government.
       (b) Critical Materials Interagency Subcommittee.--
       (1) In general.--The Critical Minerals Subcommittee of the 
     National Science and Technology Council (referred to in this 
     section as the ``Subcommittee''), shall coordinate Federal 
     science and technology efforts to ensure secure, reliable, 
     and environmentally sustainable supplies of critical 
     materials to the United States.
       (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the Subcommittee shall be--
       (A) to advise and assist the National Science and 
     Technology Council, including the Committee on Homeland and 
     National Security, on United States policies, procedures, and 
     plans as it relates to critical materials, including--
       (i) Federal research, development, and commercial 
     application efforts to minimize the environmental impacts of 
     methods for extractions, concentration, separation and 
     purification of conventional, secondary, and unconventional 
     sources of critical materials;
       (ii) efficient use, substitution, and reuse of critical 
     materials;
       (iii) the critical materials workforce of the United 
     States; and
       (iv) United States private industry investments in 
     innovation and technology transfer from federally funded 
     science and technology;
       (B) to identify emerging opportunities, stimulate 
     international cooperation, and foster the development of 
     secure and reliable supply chains of critical materials and 
     establish scenario modeling systems for supply problems of 
     critical materials and energy critical materials;
       (C) to ensure the transparency of information and data 
     related to critical materials; and
       (D) to provide recommendations on coordination and 
     collaboration among the research, development, and deployment 
     programs and activities of Federal agencies to promote a 
     secure and reliable supply of critical materials necessary to 
     maintain national security, economic well-being, public 
     health, and industrial production.
       (3) Responsibilities.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
     Subcommittee may, taking into account the findings and 
     recommendations of relevant advisory committees--
       (A) provide recommendations on how Federal agencies may 
     improve the topographic, geologic, and geophysical mapping of 
     the United States and improve the discoverability, 
     accessibility, and usability of the resulting and existing 
     data, to the extent permitted by law and subject to 
     appropriate limitation for purposes of privacy and security;
       (B) assess the progress towards developing critical 
     materials recycling and reprocessing technologies, and 
     technological alternatives to critical materials;
       (C) establish a mechanism for the coordination and 
     evaluation of Federal programs with critical material needs, 
     including Federal programs involving research and 
     development, in a manner that complements related efforts 
     carried out by the private sector and other domestic and 
     international agencies and organizations;
       (D) examine options for accessing and developing critical 
     materials through investment and trade with our allies and 
     partners and provide recommendations;
       (E) evaluate and provide recommendations to incentivize the 
     development and use of advances in science and technology in 
     the private industry;
       (F) assess the need for and make recommendations to address 
     the challenges the United States critical materials supply 
     chain workforce faces, including aging and retiring personnel 
     and faculty, and foreign competition for United States 
     talent;
       (G) develop, and update as necessary, a strategic plan to 
     guide Federal programs and activities to enhance scientific 
     and technical capabilities across critical material supply 
     chains, including a roadmap that identifies key research and 
     development needs and coordinates on-going activities for 
     source diversification, more efficient use, recycling, and 
     substitution for critical materials; as well as cross-cutting 
     mining science, data science techniques, materials science, 
     manufacturing science and engineering, computational 
     modeling, and environmental health and safety research and 
     development;
       (H) assess the need for, and make recommendations 
     concerning, the availability and adequacy of the supply of 
     technically trained personnel necessary for critical 
     materials research, development, extraction, and industrial 
     production, with a particular

[[Page S3444]]

     focus on the problem of attracting and maintaining high-
     quality professionals for maintaining an adequate supply of 
     energy critical materials; and
       (I) report to the appropriate Congressional committees on 
     activities and findings under this section.
       (c) Definitions of Critical Mineral and Critical Mineral or 
     Metal.--In this section, the terms ``critical mineral'' and 
     ``critical mineral or metal'' include any host mineral of a 
     critical mineral (within the meaning of those terms in 
     section 7002 of title VII of division Z of the Consolidated 
     Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260)).

     SEC. 10360. STUDY OF AI RESEARCH CAPACITY.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall conduct a study or 
     support the development of a study by a qualified independent 
     organization as determined by the Director, on artificial 
     intelligence research capacity at United States institutions 
     of higher education.
       (b) Study Contents.--The Director shall ensure that, at a 
     minimum, the study under subsection (a) addresses the 
     following topics:
       (1) Which universities are putting out significant peer-
     reviewed artificial intelligence research, including based on 
     quantity and number of citations.
       (2) For each of the universities described in paragraph 
     (1), what specific factors enable their AI research, 
     including computing power, data set availability, specialized 
     curriculum, faculty and graduate students, sources of Federal 
     and non-Federal research funding, and industry and other 
     partnerships.
       (3) Promising practices at universities described in 
     paragraph (1) for advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion 
     in AI research programs.
       (4) Geographic diversity across the country of universities 
     with the factors identified in paragraph (2).
       (5) How universities not included in paragraph (1) could 
     implement the factors in paragraph (2) to produce AI 
     research, as well as case studies that universities can look 
     to as examples and potential pilot programs that the Federal 
     Government could develop or support to help universities 
     produce AI research.
       (c) Workshops.--The Director may support workshops to help 
     inform the study required under this subsection.
       (d) Publication.--The Director shall ensure that the study 
     carried out under this subsection is made publicly available 
     not later than 12 months after the date of enactment of this 
     Act.
       (e) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure that the 
     activities carried out under this section are not duplicative 
     of activities supported by other parts of the Foundation or 
     other relevant Federal agencies, including but not limited to 
     the activities of the National AI Research Resource Task 
     Force.

     SEC. 10361. ADVANCING IOT FOR PRECISION AGRICULTURE 
                   CAPABILITIES ACT.

       (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the 
     ``Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Act of 2021''.
       (b) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to promote 
     scientific research and development opportunities for 
     connected technologies that advance precision agriculture 
     capabilities.
       (c) Foundation Directive on Agricultural Sensor Research.--
     In making awards under the sensor systems and networked 
     systems programs of the Foundation, the Director shall 
     include in consideration of portfolio balance research and 
     development on sensor connectivity in environments of 
     intermittent connectivity and intermittent computation--
       (1) to improve the reliable use of advance sensing systems 
     in rural and agricultural areas; and
       (2) that considers--
       (A) direct gateway access for locally stored data;
       (B) attenuation of signal transmission;
       (C) loss of signal transmission; and
       (D) at-scale performance for wireless power.
       (d) Updating Considerations for Precision Agriculture 
     Technology Within the NSF Advanced Technical Education 
     Program.--Section 3 of the Scientific and Advanced-Technology 
     Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i), as amended by section 10312, 
     is further amended--
       (1) in subsection (d)(2), by adding at the end the 
     following:
       ``(G) applications that incorporate distance learning tools 
     and approaches.''; and
       (2) in subsection (e)(3)--
       (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' after the 
     semicolon;
       (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; and''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(E) applications that incorporate distance learning tools 
     and approaches.''.
       (e) GAO Review.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
     enactment of this section, the Comptroller General of the 
     United States shall provide--
       (1) a technology assessment of precision agriculture 
     technologies, such as the existing use of--
       (A) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency identification, and 
     related technologies that can monitor soil properties, 
     irrigation conditions, and plant physiology;
       (B) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency identification, and 
     related technologies that can monitor livestock activity and 
     health;
       (C) network connectivity and wireless communications that 
     can securely support digital agriculture technologies in 
     rural and remote areas;
       (D) aerial imagery generated by satellites or unmanned 
     aerial vehicles;
       (E) ground-based robotics;
       (F) control systems design and connectivity, such as smart 
     irrigation control systems;
       (G) Global Positioning System-based applications; and
       (H) data management software and advanced analytics that 
     can assist decision making and improve agricultural outcomes; 
     and
       (2) a review of Federal programs that provide support for 
     precision agriculture research, development, adoption, 
     education, or training, in existence on the date of enactment 
     of this section.

     SEC. 10362. ASTRONOMY AND SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS.

       The Director shall support research into and the design, 
     development, and testing of mitigation measures to address 
     the potential impact of satellite constellations on 
     Foundation scientific programs by--
       (1) making awards on a competitive basis to support study 
     of the potential impacts of satellite constellations on 
     ground-based optical, infrared, and radio astronomy, 
     including through existing programs such Spectrum and 
     Wireless Innovation enabled by Future Technologies (SWIFT) 
     and the Spectrum Innovation Initiative;
       (2) supporting research on potential satellite impacts and 
     benefits and mitigation strategies to be carried out at one 
     or more Foundation supported Federally Funded Research and 
     Development Centers or major multiuser research facilities as 
     defined in section 110(g) of the American Innovation and 
     Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-2(g)), as appropriate; 
     and
       (3) supporting workshops related to the potential impact of 
     satellite constellations on scientific research and how those 
     constellations could be used to improve scientific research.

     SEC. 10363. RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF INFLATION.

       (a) In General.--The Director may make awards, on a 
     competitive merit-reviewed basis, to institutions of higher 
     education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
     institutions or organizations) to support research to improve 
     our understanding of the impact of inflation.
       (b) Use of Funds.--Activities funded by an award under this 
     section may include--
       (1) measuring the economic impact of inflation on the 
     American people, including an analysis of cost-of-living and 
     wage impacts;
       (2) considering the impact of inflation on American 
     international competitiveness;
       (3) evaluating the impact of inflation on rural and 
     underserved communities throughout the country;
       (4) assessing the ways inflation could impact future 
     American generations; and
       (5) evaluating the impact of policymaking on inflation, 
     including the impact of further Government spending.
       (c) Coordination to Avoid Duplication.--In making awards 
     under this section, the Director shall, for purposes of 
     avoiding duplication of activities and research, consult, 
     collaborate, and coordinate with the programs and policies of 
     other relevant Federal agencies.

     SEC. 10364. MICROGRAVITY UTILIZATION POLICY.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
     space technology and the utilization of the microgravity 
     environment for science, engineering, and technology 
     development is critical to long-term competitiveness with 
     near-peer competitors, including China.
       (b) Policy.--To the extent appropriate during an award 
     period, the Foundation shall facilitate access by recipients 
     of Foundation awards to the microgravity environment, 
     including in private sector platforms, for the development of 
     science, engineering, and technology relevant to the award.
       (c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide to the 
     appropriate committees of Congress a report on the 
     Foundation's plan for facilitating awardee access to the 
     microgravity environment.

     SEC. 10365. RECOGNITION OF THE ARECIBO OBSERVATORY.

       (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
       (1) The Department of Defense began developing the Arecibo 
     Observatory located in Barrio Esperanza, Arecibo, Puerto 
     Rico, during the 1950s, and its characteristic instrument, a 
     large radio telescope of 305 meters in diameter was completed 
     in 1963.
       (2) The facility was later owned by the National Science 
     Foundation, and supported by the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration and various university partners.
       (3) The Arecibo Observatory's 305-meter fixed spherical 
     radio telescope, was the world's largest single-dish radio 
     telescope until the Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical 
     Radio Telescope located in Gizhou, China, began observing in 
     2016.
       (4) The 305-meter radio telescope made unparalleled 
     contributions to the fields of radio astronomy, planetary, 
     and atmospheric sciences, and played a role in inspiring 
     thousands of students in Puerto Rico, the Nation, and the 
     world to pursue careers in STEM fields through the Arecibo 
     Observatory Education and Public Outreach Programs.
       (5) The radio telescope significantly advanced the field of 
     radio astronomy, including the first indirect detection of 
     gravitational waves, the first detection of extrasolar 
     planets, innumerable contributions to the field of time 
     domain astronomy

[[Page S3445]]

     and the study of the interstellar medium, and played a key 
     role in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
       (6) The Arecibo Observatory had the best planetary radar 
     system in the world, used by the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration for near-Earth object detection and was 
     an essential part of the agency's planetary defense program.
       (7) The planetary radar at the Arecibo Observatory has 
     contributed fundamentally and significantly to the knowledge 
     of the solar system.
       (8) The Arecibo Observatory's Incoherent Scatter Radar and 
     supporting facilities have provided fundamental understanding 
     of the ionosphere and upper atmosphere, and the interface 
     between the atmosphere and space that protects the planet 
     from solar wind, meteors, and other potential threats.
       (9) December 1, 2021, marks the 1-year anniversary of the 
     uncontrolled collapse sustained by the radio telescope after 
     a series of cable failures in tower 4.
       (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
     the Congress--
       (1) acknowledges the loss of the Arecibo Observatory's 
     radio telescope due to its collapse and its implications for 
     the loss of a unique world-class multidisciplinary science 
     facility which conducted research in the areas of space and 
     atmospheric sciences, radar astronomy and planetary sciences, 
     astronomy, and astrophysics;
       (2) acknowledges that the uncontrolled collapse of the 305-
     meter radio telescope represents a loss of astronomical 
     observation capabilities, scientific research and 
     development, planetary defense capabilities, and applied 
     science capabilities for the United States;
       (3) recognizes the rich scientific, educational, and 
     economic benefits that the Arecibo Telescope has made to the 
     people of Puerto Rico, the Nation, and the world;
       (4) recognizes the work and contributions made by the 
     thousands of dedicated staff who have supported the Arecibo 
     Observatory for close to 6 decades;
       (5) commends the National Science Foundation for convening 
     a virtual workshop in June 2021, to explore ideas for future 
     scientific and educational activities at the Arecibo 
     Observatory; and
       (6) encourages the National Science Foundation, in 
     consultation with other Federal agencies, to explore 
     opportunities for strengthening and expanding the role of the 
     Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico through education, 
     outreach, and diversity programs, and future research 
     capabilities and technology at the site.

                  Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

     SEC. 10371. FACILITY OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall continue the Facility 
     Operation Transition pilot program for a total of 5 years.
       (b) Cost Sharing.--The Facility Operation Transition 
     program shall provide funding for 10 to 50 percent of the 
     operations and maintenance costs for major research 
     facilities that are within the first five years of operation, 
     where the share is determined based on--
       (1) the operations and maintenance costs of the major 
     research facility; and
       (2) the capacity of the managing directorate or division to 
     absorb such costs.
       (c) Report.--After the fifth year of the pilot program, the 
     Director shall transmit a report to Congress that includes--
       (1) an assessment, that includes feedback from the research 
     community, of the effectiveness of the pilot program for--
       (A) supporting research directorates and divisions in 
     balancing investments in research grants and funding for the 
     initial operation and maintenance of major facilities;
       (B) incentivizing the development of new world-class 
     facilities;
       (C) facilitating interagency and international 
     partnerships;
       (D) funding core elements of multi-disciplinary facilities; 
     and
       (E) supporting facility divestment costs; and
       (2) if deemed effective, a plan for permanent 
     implementation of the pilot program.

     SEC. 10372. REVIEWS.

       The Director shall periodically carry out reviews within 
     each of the directorates and divisions to assess the cost and 
     benefits of extending the operations of research facilities 
     that have exceeded their planned operational lifespan.

     SEC. 10373. HELIUM CONSERVATION.

       (a) Major Research Instrumentation Support.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall support, through the 
     Major Research Instrumentation program, proposal requests 
     that include the purchase, installation, operation, and 
     maintenance of equipment and instrumentation to reduce 
     consumption of helium.
       (2) Cost sharing.--The Director may waive the cost-sharing 
     requirement for helium conservation measures for non-Ph.D.-
     granting institutions of higher education and Ph.D.-granting 
     institutions of higher education that are not ranked among 
     the top 100 institutions receiving Federal research and 
     development funding, as documented by the National Center for 
     Science and Engineering Statistics.
       (b) Annual Report.--No later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act and annually for the subsequent two 
     years, the Director shall submit an annual report to Congress 
     on the use of funding awarded by the Foundation for the 
     purchase and conservation of helium. The report should 
     include--
       (1) the volume and price of helium purchased;
       (2) changes in pricing and availability of helium; and
       (3) any supply disruptions impacting a substantial number 
     of institutions.

     SEC. 10374. ADVANCED COMPUTING.

       (a) Computing Needs.--To gather information about the 
     computational needs of Foundation-funded projects, the 
     Director shall require award proposals submitted to the 
     Foundation, as appropriate, to include estimates of 
     computational resource needs for projects that require use of 
     advanced computing. The Director shall encourage and provide 
     access to tools that facilitate the inclusion of these 
     measures, including those identified in the 2016 National 
     Academies report entitled ``Future Directions for NSF 
     Advanced Computing Infrastructure to Support U.S. Science and 
     Engineering in 2017-2020''.
       (b) Reports.--The Director shall document and publish every 
     two years a summary of the amount and types of advanced 
     computing capabilities that are needed to fully meet the 
     Foundation's project needs as identified under subsection 
     (a).
       (c) Roadmap.--To set priorities and guide strategic 
     decisions regarding investments in advanced computing 
     capabilities, the Director shall develop, publish, and 
     regularly update a 5-year advanced computing roadmap that--
       (1) describes the advanced computing resources and 
     capabilities that would fully meet anticipated project needs, 
     including through investments in the Mid-Scale Research 
     Infrastructure program and the Major Research Equipment and 
     Facilities Construction account;
       (2) draws on community input, information contained in 
     research proposals, allocation requests, insights from 
     Foundation-funded cyber-infrastructure operators, and 
     Foundation-wide information gathering regarding community 
     needs;
       (3) considers computational needs of planned major 
     facilities;
       (4) reflects anticipated technology trends;
       (5) informs users and potential partners about future 
     facilities and services;
       (6) addresses the needs of groups historically 
     underrepresented in STEM and geographic regions with low 
     availability and high demand for advanced computing 
     resources;
       (7) considers how Foundation-supported advanced computing 
     capabilities can be leveraged for activities through the 
     Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships; and
       (8) provides an update to Congress about the level of 
     funding necessary to fully meet computational resource needs 
     for the research community.
       (d) Securing American Research From Cyber Theft.--
       (1) Networking and information technology research and 
     development update.--Section 101(a)(1) of the High-
     Performance Computing Act of 1991 (15 U.S.C. 5511) is 
     amended--
       (A) by moving the margins of subparagraph (D) and each of 
     subparagraphs (J) through (O) two ems to the left;
       (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (J) through (O) as 
     subparagraphs (K) through (P), respectively; and
       (C) by inserting after subparagraph (I) the following:
       ``(J) provide for improving the security, reliability, and 
     resiliency of computing and networking systems used by 
     institutions of higher education and other nonprofit research 
     institutions for the processing, storage and transmission of 
     sensitive federally funded research and associated data;''.
       (2) Computing enclave pilot program.--
       (A) In general.--The Director, in consultation with the 
     Director of the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology and the Secretary of Energy, and the heads of 
     other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall 
     establish a pilot program to make awards to ensure the 
     security of federally supported research data and to assist 
     regional institutions of higher education and their 
     researchers in compliance with regulations regarding the 
     safeguarding of sensitive information and other relevant 
     regulations and Federal guidelines.
       (B) Structure.--In carrying out the pilot program 
     established pursuant to subparagraph (A), the Director shall 
     select, for the development, installation, maintenance, or 
     sustainment of secure computing enclaves, three institutions 
     of higher education that have an established graduate student 
     program and a demonstrated history of working with secure 
     information, consistent with appropriate security protocols.
       (C) Regionalization.--
       (i) In general.--In selecting universities pursuant to 
     subparagraph (B), the Director shall give preference to 
     institutions of higher education with the capability of 
     serving other regional universities.
       (ii) Geographic dispersal.--The enclaves should be 
     geographically dispersed to better meet the needs of regional 
     interests.
       (D) Program elements.--The Director shall work with 
     institutions of higher education selected pursuant to 
     subparagraph (B) to--
       (i) develop an approved design blueprint for compliance 
     with Federal data protection protocols;
       (ii) develop a comprehensive and confidential list, or a 
     bill of materials, of each binary component of the software, 
     firmware, or

[[Page S3446]]

     product that is required to deploy additional secure 
     computing enclaves;
       (iii) develop templates for all policies and procedures 
     required to operate the secure computing enclave in a 
     research setting;
       (iv) develop a system security plan template; and
       (v) develop a process for managing a plan of action and 
     milestones for the secure computing enclave.
       (E) Sustainability.--In reviewing applications for awards, 
     the Director shall review and consider plans and prospects of 
     the applicant institution of higher education to ensure long-
     term sustainability of the computing enclave, beyond the 
     availability of Federal funds.
       (F) Duration.--Subject to other availability of 
     appropriations, the pilot program established pursuant to 
     subparagraph (A) shall operate for not less than 3 years.
       (G) Report.--
       (i) In general.--The Director shall report to Congress not 
     later than 6 months after the completion of the pilot program 
     under subparagraph (A).
       (ii) Contents.--The report required under clause (i) shall 
     include--

       (I) an assessment of the pilot program under subparagraph 
     (A), including an assessment of the security benefits 
     provided by such secure computing enclaves;
       (II) recommendations related to the value of expanding the 
     network of secure computing enclaves; and
       (III) recommendations on the efficacy of the use of secure 
     computing enclaves by other Federal agencies in a broader 
     effort to expand security of Federal research.

       (H) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Director, $38,000,000 for fiscal 
     years 2023 through 2025, to carry out the activities outlined 
     in this paragraph.

     SEC. 10375. NATIONAL SECURE DATA SERVICE.

       (a) In General.--The Director, in consultation with the 
     Director of the Office of Management and Budget and the 
     interagency committee established under section 5103 of the 
     National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 
     U.S.C. 9415), shall establish a demonstration project to 
     develop, refine, and test models to inform the full 
     implementation of the Commission on Evidence-Based 
     Policymaking recommendation for a governmentwide data linkage 
     and access infrastructure for statistical activities 
     conducted for statistical purposes, as defined in chapter 35 
     of title 44, United States Code.
       (b) Establishment.--Not later than one year after the date 
     of enactment of this Act, the Director shall establish a 
     National Secure Data Service demonstration project. The 
     National Secure Data Service demonstration project shall be--
       (1) aligned with the principles, best practices, and 
     priority actions recommended by the Advisory Committee on 
     Data for Evidence Building, to the extent feasible; and
       (2) operated directly by or via a contract that is managed 
     by the National Center for Science and Engineering 
     Statistics.
       (c) Data.--In carrying out this section, the Director shall 
     engage with Federal and State agencies to collect, acquire, 
     analyze, report, and disseminate statistical data in the 
     United States and other nations to support governmentwide 
     evidence-building activities consistent with the Foundations 
     for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2018.
       (d) Voluntary Participation.--Participation in the National 
     Secure Data Service demonstration project by Federal and 
     State agencies shall be voluntary.
       (e) Privacy and Confidentiality Protections.--If the 
     Director issues a management contract under subsection (b), 
     the recipient shall be designated as an ``agent'' under 
     subchapter III of chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code, 
     with all requirements and obligations for protecting 
     confidential information delineated in the Confidential 
     Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2018 
     and the Privacy Act of 1974.
       (f) Technology and Privacy Standards.--In carrying out this 
     subsection, the Director shall--
       (1) consider application and use only of systems and 
     technologies that incorporate protection measures to 
     reasonably ensure confidential data and statistical products 
     are protected in accordance with obligations under subchapter 
     III of chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code, including 
     systems and technologies that ensure--
       (A) raw data and other sensitive inputs are not accessible 
     to recipients of statistical outputs from the National Secure 
     Data Service demonstration project;
       (B) no individual entity's data or information is revealed 
     by the National Secure Data Service demonstration project 
     platform to any other party in an identifiable form;
       (C) no information about the data assets used in the 
     National Secure Data Service demonstration project is 
     revealed to any other party, except as incorporated into the 
     final statistical output;
       (D) the National Secure Data Service demonstration project 
     permits only authorized analysts to perform statistical 
     queries necessary to answer approved project questions, and 
     prohibits any other queries; and
       (E) the National Secure Data Service demonstration project 
     conducts privacy risk assessments to minimize the privacy 
     risks to individual entities whose data has been made 
     available by a reporting entity, including those privacy 
     risks that could result from data breaches of any system 
     operated by the reporting entity, as well as for determining 
     approved project questions under subparagraph (D) to minimize 
     the privacy risks to individuals affected by uses of the 
     statistical output; and
       (2) the National Secure Data Service demonstration project 
     shall implement reasonable measures commensurate with the 
     risks to individuals' privacy to achieve the outcomes under 
     subparagraphs (A) through (E) of paragraph (1), which may 
     include the appropriate application of privacy-enhancing 
     technologies and appropriate measures to minimize or prevent 
     reidentification risks consistent with any applicable 
     guidance or regulations issued under subchapter III of 
     chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code.
       (g) Transparency.--The National Secure Data Service 
     established under subsection (b) shall maintain a public 
     website with up-to-date information on supported projects.
       (h) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the National Secure Data Service 
     demonstration project established under subsection (b) shall 
     submit a report to Congress that includes--
       (1) a description of policies for protecting data, 
     consistent with applicable Federal law;
       (2) a comprehensive description of all completed or active 
     data linkage activities and projects;
       (3) an assessment of the effectiveness of the demonstration 
     project for mitigating risks and removing barriers to a 
     sustained implementation of the National Secure Data Service 
     as recommended by the Commission on Evidence-Based 
     Policymaking; and
       (4) if deemed effective by the Director, a plan for scaling 
     up the demonstration project to facilitate data access for 
     evidence building while ensuring transparency and privacy.
       (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Director to carry out this 
     subsection $9,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 
     2027.

  Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

     SEC. 10381. ESTABLISHMENT.

       There is established within the Foundation the Directorate 
     for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships to advance 
     research and development, technology development, and related 
     solutions to address United States societal, national, and 
     geostrategic challenges, for the benefit of all Americans.

     SEC. 10382. PURPOSES.

       The purposes of the Directorate established under section 
     10381 are to--
       (1) support use-inspired and translational research and 
     accelerate the development and use of federally funded 
     research;
       (2) strengthen United States competitiveness by 
     accelerating the development of key technologies; and
       (3) grow the domestic workforce in key technology focus 
     areas, and expand the participation of United States students 
     and researchers in areas of societal, national, and 
     geostrategic importance, at all levels of education.

     SEC. 10383. ACTIVITIES.

       Subject to the availability of appropriated funds, the 
     Director shall achieve the purposes described in section 
     10382 by making awards through the Directorate that--
       (1) support transformational advances in use-inspired and 
     translational research and technology development, including 
     through diverse funding mechanisms and models at different 
     scales, to include convergence accelerators and projects 
     designed to achieve specific technology metrics or 
     objectives;
       (2) encourage the translation of research into innovations, 
     processes, and products, including by--
       (A) engaging researchers on topics relevant to United 
     States societal, national, and geostrategic challenges, 
     including by educating researchers on engaging with end users 
     and the public;
       (B) advancing novel approaches and reducing barriers to 
     technology transfer, including through intellectual property 
     frameworks between academia and industry, nonprofit entities, 
     venture capital communities, and approaches to technology 
     transfer for applications with public benefit that may not 
     rely on traditional commercialization tools; and
       (C) establishing partnerships that connect researchers and 
     research products to businesses, accelerators, and incubators 
     that enable research uptake, prototype development and 
     scaling, entrepreneurial education, and the formation and 
     growth of new companies;
       (3) develop mutually-beneficial research and technology 
     development partnerships and collaborations among 
     institutions of higher education, including historically 
     Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
     Universities, minority-serving institutions, emerging 
     research institutions, EPSCoR institutions, and nonprofit 
     organizations, labor organizations, businesses and other for-
     profit entities, Federal or State agencies, local or Tribal 
     governments, civil society organizations, other Foundation 
     directorates, national labs, field stations and marine 
     laboratories, and, as appropriate, international entities and 
     binational research and development foundations and funds, 
     excluding foreign entities of concern;
       (4) partner with other directorates and offices of the 
     Foundation for specific projects or research areas 
     including--
       (A) to pursue basic questions about natural, human, and 
     physical phenomena that could enable advances in the 
     challenges and key technology focus areas under section 
     10387;

[[Page S3447]]

       (B) to study questions that could affect the design 
     (including human interfaces), safety, security, operation, 
     deployment, or the social and ethical consequences of 
     technologies and innovations in the challenges and key 
     technology focus areas under section 10387, including the 
     development of technologies and innovations that complement 
     or enhance the abilities of workers and impact of specific 
     innovations on domestic jobs and equitable opportunity; and
       (C) to further the creation of a domestic workforce capable 
     of advancing, using, and adapting to the key technology focus 
     areas;
       (5) build capacity and infrastructure for use-inspired and 
     translational research at institutions of higher education 
     across the United States, including by making awards to 
     support administrative activities that advance development, 
     operation, integration, deployment, and sharing of 
     innovation;
       (6) support the education, mentoring, and training of 
     undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdoctoral 
     researchers, to both advance use-inspired and translational 
     research and to address workforce challenges, through 
     scholarships, fellowships, and traineeships; and
       (7) identify social, behavioral, and economic drivers and 
     consequences of technological innovations that could enable 
     advances in the challenges and key technology focus areas 
     under section 10387.

     SEC. 10384. REQUIREMENTS.

       In carrying out the activities under the Directorate, the 
     Director shall ensure the programmatic work of the 
     Directorate and Foundation--
       (1) utilizes the full potential of the United States 
     workforce by avoiding undue geographic concentration of 
     research and development and education funding across the 
     United States, and encourages broader participation in the 
     key technology focus area workforce by populations 
     historically underrepresented in STEM; and
       (2) incorporates a worker perspective through participation 
     by labor organizations and workforce training organizations.

     SEC. 10385. ASSISTANT DIRECTOR.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall appoint an Assistant 
     Director responsible for the management of the Directorate 
     established under this subtitle, in the same manner as other 
     Assistant Directors of the Foundation are appointed.
       (b) Qualifications.--The Assistant Director shall be an 
     individual, who by reason of professional background and 
     experience, is specially qualified to--
       (1) advise the Director on all matters pertaining to use-
     inspired and translational research, development, and 
     commercialization at the Foundation, including partnership 
     with the private sector and other users of Foundation funded 
     research; and
       (2) develop and implement the necessary policies and 
     procedures to promote a culture of use-inspired and 
     translational research within the Directorate and across the 
     Foundation and carry out the responsibilities under 
     subsection (c).
       (c) Responsibilities.--The responsibilities of the 
     Assistant Director shall include--
       (1) advising the Director on all matters pertaining to use-
     inspired and translational research and development 
     activities at the Foundation, including effective practices 
     for convergence research, and the potential impact of 
     Foundation research on United States societal, national and 
     geostrategic challenges;
       (2) identifying opportunities for and facilitating 
     coordination and collaboration, where appropriate, on use-
     inspired and translational research, development, adoption, 
     and commercialization--
       (A) among the offices, directorates, and divisions within 
     the Foundation; and
       (B) between the Foundation and stakeholders in academia, 
     the private sector, including non-profit entities, labor 
     organizations, Federal or State agencies, and international 
     entities, as appropriate;
       (3) ensuring that the activities carried out under this 
     subtitle do not substantially and unnecessarily duplicate 
     activities supported by other parts of the Foundation or 
     other relevant Federal agencies;
       (4) approving all new programs within the Directorate;
       (5) developing and testing diverse merit-review models and 
     mechanisms for selecting and providing awards for use-
     inspired and translational research and development at 
     different scales, from individual investigator awards to 
     large multi-institution collaborations;
       (6) assessing the success of programs;
       (7) administering awards to achieve the purposes described 
     in section 10382; and
       (8) performing other such duties pertaining to the purposes 
     in section 10382 as are required by the Director.
       (d) Relationship to the Director.--The Assistant Director 
     shall report to the Director.
       (e) Relationship to Other Programs.--No other directorate 
     within the Foundation shall report to the Assistant Director.

     SEC. 10386. ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

       (a) In General.--In accordance with the Federal Advisory 
     Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) the Director shall establish an 
     advisory committee to assess, and make recommendations 
     regarding, the activities carried out under this subtitle.
       (b) Membership.--The advisory committee members shall--
       (1) be individuals with relevant experience or expertise, 
     including individuals from industry and national labs, 
     educators, academic subject matter experts, including 
     individuals with knowledge of key technology focus areas and 
     their impact on United States national security and 
     geostrategic leadership, the technical and social dimensions 
     of science and technology, technology transfer experts, labor 
     organizations, representatives of civil society, and other 
     nongovernmental organizations; and
       (2) consist of at least 10 members broadly representative 
     of stakeholders, including no less than 3 members from the 
     private sector, none of whom shall be an employee of the 
     Federal Government, and no less than 1 member with 
     significant expertise in United States national security and 
     economic competitiveness.
       (c) Responsibilities.--The Committee's responsibilities 
     shall include--
       (1) reviewing and advising on activities carried out under 
     this subtitle;
       (2) proposing strategies for fulfilling the purposes in 
     section 10382;
       (3) proposing potential areas of research, particularly as 
     relevant to United States societal, national, and 
     geostrategic challenges; and
       (4) other relevant issues as determined by the Director.

     SEC. 10387. CHALLENGES AND FOCUS AREAS.

       (a) In General.--In consultation with the Assistant 
     Director, the Board, and the interagency working group 
     established under subtitle F of title VI, the Director shall 
     identify, and annually review and update as appropriate, a 
     list of--
       (1) not more than 5 United States societal, national, and 
     geostrategic challenges that may be addressed by technology 
     to guide activities under this subtitle; and
       (2) not more than 10 key technology focus areas to guide 
     activities under this subtitle.
       (b) Initial List of Societal, National, and Geostrategic 
     Challenges.--The initial list of societal, national, and 
     geostrategic challenges are the following:
       (1) United States national security.
       (2) United States manufacturing and industrial 
     productivity.
       (3) United States workforce development and skills gaps.
       (4) Climate change and environmental sustainability.
       (5) Inequitable access to education, opportunity, or other 
     services.
       (c) Initial List of Key Technology Focus Areas.--The 
     initial list of key technology focus areas are the following:
       (1) Artificial intelligence, machine learning, autonomy, 
     and related advances.
       (2) High performance computing, semiconductors, and 
     advanced computer hardware and software.
       (3) Quantum information science and technology.
       (4) Robotics, automation, and advanced manufacturing.
       (5) Natural and anthropogenic disaster prevention or 
     mitigation.
       (6) Advanced communications technology and immersive 
     technology.
       (7) Biotechnology, medical technology, genomics, and 
     synthetic biology.
       (8) Data storage, data management, distributed ledger 
     technologies, and cybersecurity, including biometrics.
       (9) Advanced energy and industrial efficiency technologies, 
     such as batteries and advanced nuclear technologies, 
     including but not limited to for the purposes of electric 
     generation (consistent with section 15 of the National 
     Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1874).
       (10) Advanced materials science, including composites 2D 
     materials, other next-generation materials, and related 
     manufacturing technologies.
       (d) Relationship Between United States Societal, National, 
     and Geostrategic Challenges and Key Technology Focus Areas.--
       (1) In updating the list under subsection (a)(1), the 
     Director shall evaluate national and global technology 
     trends.
       (2) In updating the list under subsection (a)(2), the 
     Director shall consider the impact of the selected 
     technologies on United States societal, national, and 
     geostrategic challenges.
       (3) The list under subsection (a)(2) may, but is not 
     required to, align directly with the list under subsection 
     (a)(1).
       (4) Nothing under this section shall prevent the Director 
     from making limited investments in technologies or areas not 
     identified in subsection (a)(1) or subsection (a)(2).
       (e) Review and Updates.--The Director, in coordination with 
     the interagency working group established under subtitle F of 
     title VI and in consultation with the Director of National 
     Intelligence and the Director of the Federal Bureau of 
     Investigation, shall annually review and update as 
     appropriate, the list of key technology focus areas for 
     purposes of this division. As part of the annual review, the 
     Director--
       (1) shall consider input from relevant industries and 
     stakeholders;
       (2) may consider the challenges and recommendations 
     identified in the reports required by sections 206 and 206B 
     of the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, 
     and Priorities Act of 1976, as added by section 10611 and 
     10613 of this division and in other relevant reports, such as 
     technology and global trend reports from the defense and 
     intelligence communities;
       (3) shall consider the potential impact of the key 
     technology focus areas on addressing

[[Page S3448]]

     societal, national, and geostrategic challenges; and
       (4) subject to the limitation under subsection (a), may add 
     or delete key technology focus areas in light of shifting 
     national needs or competitive threats to the United States 
     (including for reasons of the United States or other 
     countries having advanced or fallen behind in a technological 
     area).
       (f) Reporting.--At the conclusion of the annual review and 
     update process required by subsection (e), the Director, in 
     consultation with other Federal research agencies, as 
     appropriate, shall deliver a report to Congress detailing--
       (1) the key technology focus areas and rationale for their 
     selection;
       (2) the societal, national, and geostrategic challenges and 
     rationale for their selection;
       (3) the role of the Foundation in advancing the key 
     technology focus areas;
       (4) the impact, including to the academic research 
     community, of any changes to the key technology focus areas; 
     and
       (5) the activities and partnerships between the Directorate 
     and the private sector.
       (g) Detailed Description.--The National Science Foundation 
     shall, in coordination with the Office of Management and 
     Budget, submit as part of their annual budget requests to 
     Congress, a detailed description of the activities to be 
     funded under this subtitle, including an explanation of how 
     the requested funding is complementary and not redundant of 
     programs, efforts, and infrastructure undertaken or supported 
     by other relevant Federal agencies.
       (h) National Academies.--Not later than 5 years after the 
     date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall contract 
     with the National Academies to conduct a review of the key 
     technology focus areas and the societal, national, and 
     geostrategic challenges, including--
       (1) an assessment of their selection process;
       (2) an assessment of their relevance to the purposes of the 
     Directorate, including to solving challenges with social, 
     economic, health, scientific, and national security 
     implications;
       (3) a review of whether Federal investment in the key 
     technology focus areas have resulted in new domestic 
     manufacturing capacity and job creation;
       (4) an assessment of any critical, new emerging areas;
       (5) an assessment of Federal investments in education and 
     workforce development to support the key technology focus 
     areas; and
       (6) an assessment of relative balance in leadership in 
     addressing the key technology focus areas between the United 
     States, allied and partner countries, and the People's 
     Republic of China.

     SEC. 10388. REGIONAL INNOVATION ENGINES.

       (a) In General.--From amounts made available to the 
     Directorate, the Director shall make awards to eligible 
     entities for the planning, establishment, and support of 
     Regional Innovation Engines.
       (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Regional Innovation 
     Engines shall be to--
       (1) advance multidisciplinary, collaborative, use-inspired 
     and translational research, technology development, in key 
     technology focus areas;
       (2) address regional, national, societal, or geostrategic 
     challenges;
       (3) leverage the expertise of multi-disciplinary and multi- 
     sector partners, including partners from private industry, 
     nonprofit organizations, and civil society organizations; and
       (4) support the development of scientific, innovation, 
     entrepreneurial, and STEM educational capacity within the 
     region of the Regional Innovation Engine to grow and sustain 
     regional innovation.
       (c) Uses of Funds.--Funds awarded under this section may be 
     used by a Regional Innovation Engine to--
       (1) conduct use-inspired and translational research and 
     technology development to advance innovation in at least one 
     of the key technology focus areas and to help solve a 
     compelling regional, national, societal, or geostrategic 
     challenge;
       (2) further the development, adoption, and 
     commercialization of innovations in key technology focus 
     areas, including through support for proof-of-concept 
     development, and through partnership with other Federal 
     agencies and Federal laboratories, industry, including 
     startup companies, labor organizations, civil society 
     organizations, and State, territorial, local, and Tribal 
     governments;
       (3) develop and manage, or facilitate access to, test beds 
     and instrumentation, which may include fabrication facilities 
     and cyberinfrastructure, to advance the development, 
     integration, and demonstration of new, innovative 
     technologies, including hardware or software;
       (4) establish traineeship programs for graduate students 
     who pursue degrees and research related to the key technology 
     focus areas leading to a masters or doctorate degree by 
     providing funding and other assistance, and opportunities for 
     research experiences in government or industry related to the 
     students' studies;
       (5) engage in outreach and engagement in the region to 
     broaden participation in the activities of the Regional 
     Innovation Engine; and
       (6) reimburse, in part or in whole, the cost of 
     instrumentation, technology transfer, and commercialization 
     activities, including patenting and licensing, and for 
     operations and staff, as the Director determines appropriate.
       (d) Selection Process.--In making awards under this 
     subtitle, the Director shall consider, in addition to the 
     scientific and technical merit of the proposal, the extent to 
     which the activities and locations proposed--
       (1) have the potential to create an innovation ecosystem, 
     or enhance existing ecosystems and contribute to job creation 
     in a region;
       (2) demonstrate a capacity to engage and partner with 
     multiple types of institutions of higher education, industry, 
     labor, nonprofit organizations, civil society organizations, 
     other Federal agencies, Federal laboratories, State, local, 
     and Tribal governments, and other appropriate organizations, 
     including to inform research directions and account for 
     ethical, societal, safety, and security implications relevant 
     to the potential applications of the research;
       (3) demonstrate a capacity to broaden participation of 
     populations historically underrepresented in STEM in the 
     activities of the Regional Innovation Engine; and
       (4) demonstrate a plan and capability to prevent the 
     inappropriate use or dissemination of the research and 
     technology, including research results, data, and 
     intellectual property, as appropriate and consistent with the 
     requirements of the relevant award.
       (e) Requirements.--
       (1) Eligibility.--For the purposes of this section, an 
     ``eligible entity'' means an institution of higher education, 
     a nonprofit organization, a private sector entity, or a 
     consortium thereof.
       (2) Partnerships.--To be eligible for an award under this 
     section an eligible entity--
       (A) shall include in its proposal partnership with 1 or 
     more institution that is--
       (i) a historically Black college or university;
       (ii) a Tribal College or University;
       (iii) a minority-serving institution;
       (iv) an EPSCoR institution;
       (v) an emerging research institution; or
       (vi) a community college;
       (B) may include partnership with 1 or more--
       (i) additional entities described in paragraph (2)(A);
       (ii) industry entities, including startups, small 
     businesses, and public-private partnerships;
       (iii) economic development organizations or venture 
     development organizations, as such terms are defined in 
     section 28(a) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation 
     Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), as added by section 
     10621 of this division;
       (iv) National Laboratories;
       (v) Federal laboratories, as defined in section 4 of the 
     Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
     3703);
       (vi) Federal research facilities;
       (vii) labor organizations;
       (viii) entities described in paragraph (1) or (2) from 
     allied or partner countries;
       (ix) other entities to be vital to the success of the 
     program, as determined by the Director;
       (x) binational research and development foundations and 
     funds, excluding those affiliated with foreign entities of 
     concern, as defined in section 10612; and
       (xi) Engineer Research and Development Center laboratories 
     of the Army Corps of Engineers; and
       (C) shall include as part of its proposal a plan for--
       (i) establishing a sustained partnership that is jointly 
     developed and managed, draws from the capacities of each 
     institution, and is mutually beneficial; and
       (ii) documents governance and management plans, financial 
     contributions from non-Federal sources, and plans for 
     ownership and use of any intellectual property.
       (3) Promoting partnerships.--In making awards under this 
     section, the Director shall encourage applicants for a 
     Regional Innovation Engine that include multiple regional 
     partners as described in subsection (e)(2).
       (4) Geographic distribution.--In making awards under this 
     section, the Director shall take into consideration the 
     extent to which the proposals expand the geographic 
     distribution of the Regional Innovation Engines, including by 
     giving special consideration to rural-serving institutions of 
     higher education.
       (5) Resource availability.--The Director shall ensure that 
     any eligible entity receiving an award under this section 
     shall--
       (A) provide information on relevant currently existing 
     resources available to the proposing team from all internal 
     and external sources, including all partner organizations; 
     and
       (B) include letters of collaboration from partner 
     organizations that include information on resource 
     contributions committed by such partners.
       (f) Collaboration With Regional Technology Hubs.--Each 
     Regional Innovation Engine established under this section may 
     collaborate and participate in, as appropriate, the 
     activities of any regional technology hub designated under 
     section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act 
     of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by section 10621.
       (g) Duration.--
       (1) Initial period.--An award under this section shall be 
     for an initial period of 5 years.
       (2) Renewal.--An established Regional Innovation Engine may 
     apply for, and the Director may award, extended funding for 
     periods of 5 years on a merit-reviewed basis.

[[Page S3449]]

       (h) Competitive, Merit-review.--In making awards under this 
     section, the Director shall--
       (1) use a competitive, merit review process that includes 
     peer review by a diverse group of individuals with relevant 
     expertise from both the private and public sectors; and
       (2) ensure the focus areas of the Regional Innovation 
     Engines do not substantially and unnecessarily duplicate the 
     efforts of any other Regional Innovation Engine or any other 
     similar effort at another Federal agency.
       (i) Collaboration.--In making awards under this section, 
     the Director may collaborate with Federal departments and 
     agencies whose missions contribute to or are affected by the 
     technology focus area of the institute.

     SEC. 10389. TRANSLATION ACCELERATOR.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall establish Translation 
     Accelerators to further the research, development, and 
     commercialization of innovation in the key technology focus 
     areas.
       (b) Partnerships.--
       (1) In general.--Each Translation Accelerator shall be 
     comprised of a partnership including 2 or more of the 
     following entities:
       (A) An institution of higher education.
       (B) A for-profit company.
       (C) A nonprofit organization.
       (D) A Federal agency.
       (E) Another entity, if that entity is determined by the 
     Director to be vital to the success of the program.
       (2) Institutional or organizational level.--The Director 
     shall work to ensure that such partnerships exist at the 
     institutional or organization level, rather than solely at 
     the principal investigator level.
       (3) Cost share.--Not less than 25 percent of the funding 
     for an institute shall be provided by non-Federal entities.
       (4) Number of centers and institutes established.--The 
     Director shall endeavor to establish a balance in the number 
     of Regional Innovation Engines and Translation Accelerators.
       (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds 
     authorized for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, 
     and Partnerships, there are authorized to carry out the 
     activities under this section and section 10388 
     $6,500,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

     SEC. 10390. TEST BEDS.

       (a) Program Authorized.--
       (1) In general.--From amounts made available for the 
     Directorate, the Director, in coordination with the Director 
     of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the 
     Secretary of Energy, and other Federal agencies, as 
     determined appropriate by the Director, shall establish a 
     program in the Directorate to make awards, on a competitive 
     basis, to institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
     organizations, or consortia thereof to establish and operate 
     test beds, which may include fabrication facilities and 
     cyberinfrastructure, to advance the development, operation, 
     integration, deployment, and, as appropriate, demonstration 
     of new, innovative critical technologies, which may include 
     hardware or software.
       (2) Coordination.--In establishing new test beds under this 
     section, the Director shall ensure coordination with other 
     test beds supported by the Foundation or other Federal 
     agencies to avoid duplication and maximize the use of Federal 
     resources.
       (b) Proposals.--An applicant for an award under this 
     section shall submit a proposal to the Director, at such 
     time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
     Director may reasonably require. The proposal shall, at a 
     minimum, describe--
       (1) the technology or technologies that will be the focus 
     of the test bed;
       (2) the goals of the work to be done at the test bed;
       (3) how the applicant will assemble a workforce with the 
     skills needed to operate the test bed;
       (4) how the applicant will ensure broad access to the test 
     bed;
       (5) how the applicant will collaborate with firms in 
     critical technologies, including through coordinated research 
     and development and funding, to ensure that work in the test 
     bed will contribute to the commercial viability of any 
     technologies and will include collaboration from industry and 
     labor organizations;
       (6) how the applicant will encourage the participation of 
     inventors and entrepreneurs and the development of new 
     businesses;
       (7) how the applicant will increase participation by 
     populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
       (8) how the applicant will demonstrate that the commercial 
     viability of any new technologies will support the creation 
     of high-quality domestic jobs;
       (9) how the test bed will operate after Federal funding has 
     ended;
       (10) how the test bed will disseminate lessons and other 
     technical information to United States entities or allied or 
     partner country entities in the United States; and
       (11) how the applicant plans to take measures to prevent 
     the inappropriate use of research results, data, and 
     intellectual property, as applicable and consistent with the 
     requirements of the award.
       (c) Authorized Use of Funds.--A recipient of an award under 
     this section may, consistent with the purposes of this 
     section, use the award for the purchase of equipment and for 
     the support of students, faculty and staff, and postdoctoral 
     researchers.
       (d) Geographic Diversity.--In selecting award recipients 
     under this section, the Director shall consider the extent to 
     which proposals would expand the geographic diversity of test 
     beds.

     SEC. 10391. PLANNING AND CAPACITY BUILDING AWARDS.

       (a) In General.--Under the program established in section 
     508 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 
     U.S.C. 1862p-2) and the activities authorized under this 
     section, from amounts made available to the Directorate, the 
     Director, in coordination with other Federal agencies as 
     determined appropriate by the Director, shall make awards, on 
     a competitive basis, to eligible entities to advance the 
     development, adoption, and commercialization of technologies, 
     consistent with the purposes of the Directorate under section 
     10382.
       (b) Eligible Entity.--To be eligible to receive an award 
     under this section, an entity shall be--
       (1) an institution of higher education, which may be a 
     community college (or a consortium of such institutions);
       (2) a nonprofit organization that is either affiliated with 
     an institution of higher education or designed to support 
     technology development or entrepreneurship; or
       (3) a consortium that includes--
       (A) an entity described in paragraph (1) or (2) as the lead 
     award recipient; and
       (B) one or more additional individuals or entities, which 
     shall be--
       (i) an economic development organization or similar entity 
     that is focused primarily on improving science, technology, 
     innovation, or entrepreneurship;
       (ii) an industry organization or firm in a relevant 
     technology or innovation sector;
       (iii) an industry-experienced executive with 
     entrepreneurship experience that is focused primarily on de-
     risking technologies from both a scientific and a business 
     perspective; or
       (iv) an individual or entity with industry and startup 
     expertise, including a mentor network, across relevant 
     technology or innovation sectors.
       (c) Use of Funds.--In addition to activities listed under 
     section 10383, an eligible entity receiving an award under 
     this section may use funds to--
       (1) identify academic research with the potential for 
     technology transfer and commercialization, particularly as 
     relevant to the purposes of the Directorate under section 
     10382;
       (2) ensure the availability of staff, including technology 
     transfer professionals, entrepreneurs in residence, and other 
     mentors as required to accomplish the purpose of this 
     section;
       (3) help offset the costs of patenting and licensing 
     research products, both domestically and internationally;
       (4) revise institution policies, including policies related 
     to intellectual property and faculty entrepreneurship, and 
     taking other necessary steps to implement relevant best 
     practices for academic technology transfer;
       (5) develop local, regional, and national partnerships 
     among institutions of higher education and between 
     institutions of higher education and private sector entities 
     and other relevant organizations, including investors, with 
     the purpose of building networks, expertise, and other 
     capacity to identify promising research that may have 
     potential market value and enable researchers to pursue 
     further development and transfer of their ideas into possible 
     commercial or other use;
       (6) develop seminars, courses, and other educational 
     opportunities for students, post-doctoral researchers, 
     faculty, and other relevant staff at institutions of higher 
     education to increase awareness and understanding of 
     entrepreneurship, patenting, business planning, research 
     security, and other areas relevant to technology transfer, 
     and connect students and researchers to relevant resources, 
     including mentors in the private sector; and
       (7) create, support, or fund entities or competitions to 
     allow entrepreneurial students and faculty to illustrate the 
     commercialization potential of their ideas, including through 
     venture funds of institution of higher education.
       (d) Limitations on Funding.--
       (1) Awards made under this section shall be at least 3 
     years in duration and shall not exceed $1,000,000 per fiscal 
     year.
       (2) Awards made under this section shall not support the 
     development or operation of capital investment funds.
       (e) Application.--An eligible entity seeking funding under 
     this section shall submit an application to the Director at 
     such time, in such manner, and containing such information 
     and assurances as such Director may require. The application 
     shall include, at a minimum, a description of--
       (1) how the eligible entity submitting an application plans 
     to sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of the 
     award;
       (2) the steps the applicant will take to enable technology 
     transfer and adoption and why such steps are likely to be 
     effective;
       (3) how the applicant will encourage the training and 
     participation of students and potential entrepreneurs and the 
     transition of research results to practice, including the 
     development of new businesses;
       (4) as relevant, potential steps to drive economic growth 
     in a particular region, by collaborating with industry, 
     venture capital entities, non-profit organizations, and State 
     and local governments within that region; and
       (5) background information that the Director determines is 
     relevant to demonstrate

[[Page S3450]]

     the success of the innovation and entrepreneurship support 
     models proposed by the applicant to commercialize 
     technologies.
       (f) Collaborative Innovation Resource Center Program.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards under this 
     section to eligible entities to establish collaborative 
     innovation resource centers that promote regional technology 
     transfer and technology development activities available to 
     more than one institution of higher education and to other 
     entities in a region.
       (2) Use of funds.--An eligible entity that receives an 
     award under this subsection shall use award funds to carry 
     out one or more of the following activities, to the benefit 
     of the region in which the center is located:
       (A) Providing start-ups and small business concerns (as 
     defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
     632)) within the region with access to facilities, scientific 
     infrastructure, personnel, and other assets as required for 
     technology maturation.
       (B) Supporting entrepreneurial training for start-up and 
     small business personnel.
       (3) Providing engineering and entrepreneurial experiences 
     and hands-on training for students enrolled in participating 
     institutions of higher education.
       (g) Reporting on Commercialization Metrics.--The Director 
     shall establish--
       (1) metrics related to commercialization for an award under 
     this section; and
       (2) a reporting schedule for recipients of such awards that 
     takes into account both short- and long-term goals of the 
     programs under this section.
       (h) Geographic Diversity.--The Director shall ensure 
     regional and geographic diversity in issuing awards under 
     this section.
       (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds 
     authorized for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, 
     and Partnerships, there are authorized to carry out the 
     activities under this section $3,100,000,000 for fiscal years 
     2023 through 2027.

     SEC. 10392. ENTREPRENEURIAL FELLOWSHIPS.

       (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the 
     Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, 
     shall award fellowships to scientists and engineers to help 
     develop leaders capable of maturing promising ideas and 
     technologies from lab to market or other use and forge 
     connections between academic research and the government, 
     industry, financial sectors, and other end users.
       (b) Application.--An applicant for a fellowship under this 
     section shall submit to the Director an application at such 
     time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
     Director may require. At a minimum, the Director shall 
     require that applicants--
       (1) have completed a doctoral degree in a STEM field no 
     more than 5 years prior to the date of the application, or 
     have otherwise demonstrated significant postbaccalaureate 
     scientific research experience and are considered early 
     career, according to requirements established by the 
     Director; and
       (2) have included in the application a proposal for how the 
     fellow will be embedded in a host institution's research 
     environment.
       (c) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct program outreach 
     to recruit fellowship applicants--
       (1) from diverse research institutions;
       (2) from all regions of the country; and
       (3) from groups historically underrepresented in STEM 
     fields.
       (d) Administration Agreements.--The Director may enter into 
     an agreement with a qualified third-party entity to 
     administer the fellowships, subject to the provisions of this 
     section.
       (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Director a total of $125,000,000 
     for fiscal years 2023 through 2027, to carry out the 
     activities outlined in this section.

     SEC. 10393. SCHOLARSHIPS AND FELLOWSHIPS.

       (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the 
     Directorate, shall fund undergraduate scholarships (including 
     at community colleges), graduate fellowships and 
     traineeships, and postdoctoral awards in the key technology 
     focus areas.
       (b) Implementation.--The Director may carry out subsection 
     (a) by making awards--
       (1) directly to students; and
       (2) to institutions of higher education or consortia of 
     institutions of higher education, including those 
     institutions or consortia involved in operating Regional 
     Innovation Engines established under section 10388.
       (c) Broadening Participation.--In carrying out this 
     section, the Director shall take steps to increase the 
     participation of populations that are underrepresented in 
     STEM, which may include--
       (1) establishing or augmenting programs targeted at 
     populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
       (2) supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at 
     historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges 
     or Universities, and minority-serving institutions;
       (3) enabling low-income populations to pursue associate, 
     undergraduate, or graduate level degrees in STEM;
       (4) addressing current and expected gaps in the 
     availability or skills of the STEM workforce, or addressing 
     needs of the STEM workforce, including by increasing 
     educational capacity at institutions and by prioritizing 
     awards to United States citizens, permanent residents, and 
     individuals that will grow the domestic workforce; and
       (5) addressing geographic diversity in the STEM workforce.
       (d) Encouraging Innovation.--In carrying out this section, 
     the Director shall encourage innovation in graduate 
     education, including through encouraging institutions of 
     higher education to offer graduate students opportunities to 
     gain experience in industry or Government as part of their 
     graduate training, and through support for students in 
     professional master's programs related to the key technology 
     focus areas or to the societal, national, and geostrategic 
     challenges.
       (e) Areas of Funding Support.--Subject to the availability 
     of funds to carry out this section, the Director shall--
       (1) issue--
       (A) postdoctoral awards,
       (B) graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive of the 
     NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded under the 
     Graduate Research Fellowship Program; and
       (C) scholarships, including undergraduate scholarships, 
     research experiences, and internships, including--
       (i) scholarships to attend community colleges; and
       (ii) research experiences and internships under sections 
     513, 514, and 515 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
     of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-5; 1862p-6; 1862p-7);
       (2) ensure that not less than 10 percent of the funds made 
     available to carry out this section are used to support 
     additional awards that focus on community college training, 
     education, and teaching programs that increase the 
     participation of populations that are historically 
     underrepresented in STEM, including technical programs 
     through programs such as the Advanced Technological Education 
     program; and
       (3) if funds remain after carrying out paragraphs (1) and 
     (2) make awards to institutions of higher education to enable 
     the institutions to fund the development and establishment of 
     new or specialized programs of study for graduate, 
     undergraduate, or technical college students and the 
     evaluation of the effectiveness of those programs of study.
       (f) Low-income Scholarship Program.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall award scholarships to 
     low-income individuals to enable such individuals to pursue 
     associate, undergraduate, or graduate level degrees in STEM 
     fields.
       (2) Eligibility.--
       (A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a scholarship 
     under this subsection, an individual--
       (i) must be a citizen of the United States, a national of 
     the United States (as defined in section 1101(a) of title 8), 
     an alien admitted as a refugee under section 1157 of title 8, 
     or an alien lawfully admitted to the United States for 
     permanent residence;
       (ii) shall prepare and submit to the Director an 
     application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
     information as the Director may require; and
       (iii) shall certify to the Director that the individual 
     intends to use amounts received under the scholarship to 
     enroll or continue enrollment at an institution of higher 
     education (as defined in section 1001(a) of title 20) in 
     order to pursue an associate, undergraduate, or graduate 
     level degree in STEM fields designated by the Director.
       (B) Ability.--Awards of scholarships under this subsection 
     shall be made by the Director solely on the basis of the 
     ability of the applicant, except that in any case in which 2 
     or more applicants for scholarships are deemed by the 
     Director to be possessed of substantially equal ability, and 
     there are not sufficient scholarships available to award one 
     to each of such applicants, the available scholarship or 
     scholarships shall be awarded to the applicants in a manner 
     that will tend to result in a geographically wide 
     distribution throughout the United States recipients' places 
     of permanent residence.
       (3) Scholarship amount and renewal.--Section 414(d) of the 
     American Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 
     1998 (42 U.S.C. 1869c) is amended in paragraph (3) by--
       (A) striking ``, except that the Director shall not award a 
     scholarship in an amount exceeding $10,000 per year''; and
       (B) striking ``4 years'' and inserting ``5 years''.
       (4) Authorization.--Of amounts authorized for the 
     Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, 
     $100,000,000 shall be authorized to carry out this 
     subsection.
       (g) Existing Programs.--The Director may use or augment 
     existing STEM education programs of the Foundation and 
     leverage education or entrepreneurial partners to carry out 
     this section.

     SEC. 10394. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AWARDS.

       (a) In General.--From amounts made available for the 
     Directorate, the Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
     basis, for research and technology development within the key 
     technology focus areas, including investments that advance 
     solutions to the challenges under section 10387.
       (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the awards under this section 
     shall be to accelerate technological advances and technology 
     adoption in the key technology focus areas.
       (c) Recipients.--Recipients of funds under this section may 
     include institutions of higher education, research 
     institutions, non-profit organizations, private sector 
     entities, consortia, or other entities as defined by the 
     Director.
       (d) Metrics.--The Director may set metrics, including goals 
     and deadlines, for

[[Page S3451]]

     the development and demonstration of technology as determined 
     in the terms of the award, and may use such metrics to 
     determine whether an award recipient shall be eligible for 
     continued or follow-on funding.
       (e) Short Term Technology Deployment.--The Director shall 
     also make awards, including through the SBIR and STTR 
     programs (as defined in section 9(e) of the Small Business 
     Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)), to expedite short-term technology 
     deployment within a period of no longer than 24 months.
       (f) Selection Criteria.--In selecting recipients for an 
     award under this section, the Director shall consider, at a 
     minimum--
       (1) the relevance of the project to the challenges and the 
     key technology focus areas under section 10387, and the 
     potential of the project to result in transformational 
     advances for such challenges and the key technology focus 
     areas;
       (2) the current status of similar technology, the limits of 
     current practice, and the novelty and risks of the proposed 
     project;
       (3) the ethical, societal, safety, and security 
     implications relevant to the application of the technology;
       (4) the appropriateness of quantitative goals and metrics 
     for evaluating the project and a plan for evaluating those 
     metrics; and
       (5) the path for developing and, as appropriate, 
     commercializing the technology into products and processes in 
     the United States.
       (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds 
     authorized for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, 
     and Partnerships, there are authorized to carry out the 
     activities under this section $1,000,000,000 for fiscal years 
     2023 through 2027.

     SEC. 10395. SCALING INNOVATIONS IN PREK-12 STEM EDUCATION.

       (a) In General.--Taking into consideration the 
     recommendations under section 10311(a)(4) of subtitle B, the 
     Director shall make awards, on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
     basis, to establish multidisciplinary Centers for 
     Transformative Education Research and Translation (in this 
     section referred to as ``Centers'') to support research and 
     development on widespread and sustained implementation of 
     STEM education innovations.
       (b) Eligibility.--The entity seeking an award for a Center 
     under this section must be an institution of higher 
     education, a nonprofit organization, or a consortium of such 
     institutions or organizations, which may include a STEM 
     ecosystem .
       (c) Application.--An eligible entity under subsection (b) 
     seeking an award under this section shall submit an 
     application to the Director at such time, in such manner, and 
     containing such information as the Director may require. The 
     application shall include, at a minimum, a description of how 
     the proposed Center will be used to--
       (1) establish partnerships among academic institutions, 
     local or State educational agencies, and other relevant 
     stakeholders in supporting programs and activities to 
     facilitate the widespread and sustained implementation of 
     promising, evidence-based STEM education practices, models, 
     programs, curriculum, and technologies;
       (2) support enhanced STEM education infrastructure, 
     including cyberlearning technologies, to facilitate the 
     widespread adoption of promising, evidence-based practices;
       (3) support research and development on scaling practices, 
     partnerships, and alternative models to current approaches, 
     including approaches sensitive to the unique combinations of 
     capabilities, resources, and needs of varying localities, 
     educators, and learners;
       (4) include a focus on the learning needs of under-
     resourced schools and learners in low-resource or 
     underachieving local educational agencies in urban and rural 
     communities and the development of high-quality curriculum 
     that engages these learners in the knowledge and practices of 
     STEM fields;
       (5) include a focus on the learning needs and unique 
     challenges facing students with disabilities;
       (6) support research, development, or education on one or 
     more of the key technology focus areas;
       (7) support research and development on scaling practices 
     and models to support and sustain highly-qualified STEM 
     educators in urban and rural communities; and
       (8) at the discretion of the Director, any other 
     requirements recommended in the study commissioned under 
     section 10311(a) of subtitle B.
       (d) Additional Considerations.--In making an award under 
     this section, the Director may also consider the extent to 
     which the proposed Center will--
       (1) leverage existing collaborations, tools, and strategies 
     supported by the Foundation, including NSF INCLUDES and the 
     Convergence Accelerators;
       (2) support research on and the development and scaling of 
     innovative approaches to distance learning and education for 
     various student populations;
       (3) support education innovations that leverage new 
     technologies or deepen understanding of the impact of 
     technology on educational systems; and
       (4) include a commitment from local or State education 
     administrators to making the proposed reforms and activities 
     a priority.
       (e) Partnership.--In carrying out the program under this 
     section, the Director shall explore opportunities to partner 
     with the Department of Education, including through jointly 
     funding activities under this section.
       (f) Duration.--Each award made under this section shall be 
     for a duration of no more than 5 years.
       (g) Annual Meeting.--The Director shall encourage and 
     facilitate an annual meeting of the Centers, as appropriate, 
     to foster collaboration among the Centers and to further 
     disseminate the results of the Centers' supported activities.
       (h) Existing Programs.--The Director may use existing NSF 
     programs to establish and execute this section.
       (i) Report.--Not later than 5 years after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress 
     and make widely available to the public a report that 
     includes--
       (1) a description of the focus and proposed goals of each 
     Center;
       (2) an assessment, based on a common set of benchmarks and 
     tools, of the Centers' success in helping to promote scalable 
     solutions in PreK-12 STEM education; and
       (3) any recommendations for administrative and legislative 
     action that could optimize the effectiveness of the Centers 
     established under this section.

     SEC. 10396. AUTHORITIES.

       In addition to existing authorities available to the 
     Foundation, the Director may exercise the following 
     authorities in carrying out the activities under this 
     subtitle:
       (1) Awards.--In carrying out this subtitle, the Director 
     may provide awards in the form of grants, contracts, 
     cooperative agreements, cash prizes, and other transactions.
       (2) Program directors.--
       (A) Designation.--The Director may designate individuals to 
     serve as program directors for the programs established 
     within the Directorate pursuant to the responsibilities 
     established under subparagraph (B). The Director shall ensure 
     that program directors--
       (i) have expertise in one or more of the challenges and key 
     technology focus areas under section 10387; and
       (ii) come from a variety of backgrounds, including 
     industry, and from a variety of institutions of higher 
     education.
       (B) Responsibilities.--A program director of a program of 
     the Directorate, in consultation with the Assistant Director, 
     shall be responsible for--
       (i) establishing research and development goals for the 
     program, including through the convening of workshops, 
     conferring with a broad range of stakeholders and outside 
     experts, taking into account relevant expert reports, and 
     publicizing the goals of the program to the public and 
     private sectors;
       (ii) surveying a wide range of institutions of higher 
     education, nonprofit organizations, and private entities to 
     identify emerging trends in the challenges and key technology 
     focus areas under section 10387, and, as appropriate, 
     soliciting proposals from such entities to conduct research 
     in areas of particular promise that the private sector is the 
     not likely to undertake independently.
       (iii) facilitating research collaborations in the 
     challenges and key technology focus areas under section 
     10387, including connecting academic researchers with 
     potential end-users of technology, including industry, labor 
     organizations, nonprofit organizations, civil society 
     organizations, and other relevant organizations;
       (iv) reviewing applications for projects submitted under 
     section 10394 according to the Merit Review Criteria 
     established by the Director for such projects and described 
     in the Foundation's Proposal and Award Policies and 
     Procedures Guide, and any such additional criteria as 
     determined by the Director; and
       (v) monitoring the progress of projects supported under the 
     program and taking into account input from relevant experts 
     and stakeholders, recommending program updates as needed.
       (C) Selection criteria.--Program directors may use diverse 
     merit review models for selection of award recipients under 
     section 10394, including internal review and different models 
     that use peer review.
       (D) Terms.--Program directors of the Directorate may be 
     appointed by the Director for a limited term, renewable at 
     the discretion of the Director.
       (3) Experts in science and engineering.--
       (A) Program authorized.--The Foundation may carry out a 
     program of personnel management authority provided under 
     subparagraph (B) in order to facilitate recruitment of 
     eminent experts in science or engineering for research and 
     development projects and to enhance the administration and 
     management of the Foundation.
       (B) Personnel management authority.--Under the program 
     under subparagraph (A), the Foundation may--
       (i) without regard to any provision of title 5, United 
     States Code, governing the appointment of employees in the 
     competitive service, appoint individuals to a total of not 
     more than 70 positions in the Foundation, of which not more 
     than 5 such positions may be positions of administration or 
     management of the Foundation;
       (ii) prescribe the rates of basic pay for positions to 
     which employees are appointed under clause (i)--

       (I) in the case of employees appointed pursuant to clause 
     (i) to any of 5 positions designated by the Foundation for 
     purposes of this clause, at rates not in excess of a rate 
     equal to 150 percent of the maximum rate of basic pay 
     authorized for positions at level I of the Executive Schedule 
     under section 5312 of title 5, United States Code; and

[[Page S3452]]

       (II) in the case of any other employee appointed pursuant 
     to clause (i), at rates not in excess of the maximum rate of 
     basic pay authorized for senior-level positions under section 
     5376 of title 5, United States Code; and

       (iii) pay any employee appointed under subparagraph (A), 
     other than an employee appointed to a position designated as 
     described in clause (ii)(I), payments in addition to basic 
     pay within the limit applicable to the employee under 
     subparagraph (D).
       (C) Limitation on term of appointment.--
       (i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), the 
     service of an employee under an appointment under 
     subparagraph (B)(i) may not exceed 4 years.
       (ii) Extension.--The Director may, in the case of a 
     particular employee under the program under subparagraph (A), 
     extend the period to which service is limited under clause 
     (i) by up to 2 years if the Director determines that such 
     action is necessary to promote the efficiency of the 
     Foundation.
       (D) Maximum amount of additional payments payable.--
     Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection or 
     section 5307 of title 5, United States Code, no additional 
     payments may be paid to an employee under subparagraph 
     (B)(iii) in any calendar year if, or to the extent that, the 
     employee's total annual compensation in such calendar year 
     will exceed the maximum amount of total annual compensation 
     payable at the salary set in accordance with section 104 of 
     title 3, United States Code.
       (4) Highly qualified experts in needed occupations.--
       (A) In general.--The Foundation may carry out a program 
     using the authority provided in subparagraph (B) in order to 
     attract highly qualified experts in needed occupations, as 
     determined by the Foundation. Individuals hired by the 
     Director through such authority may include individuals with 
     expertise in business creativity, innovation management, 
     design thinking, entrepreneurship, venture capital, and 
     related fields.
       (B) Authority.--Under the program, the Foundation may--
       (i) appoint personnel from outside the civil service and 
     uniformed services (as such terms are defined in section 2101 
     of title 5, United States Code) to positions in the 
     Foundation without regard to any provision of title 5, United 
     States Code, governing the appointment of employees in the 
     competitive service;
       (ii) prescribe the rates of basic pay for positions to 
     which employees are appointed under clause (i) at rates not 
     in excess of the maximum rate of basic pay authorized for 
     senior-level positions under section 5376 of title 5, United 
     States Code; and
       (iii) pay any employee appointed under clause (i) payments 
     in addition to basic pay within the limits applicable to the 
     employee under subparagraph (D).
       (C) Limitation on term of appointment.--
       (i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), the 
     service of an employee under an appointment made pursuant to 
     this subsection may not exceed 5 years.
       (ii) Extension.--The Foundation may, in the case of a 
     particular employee, extend the period to which service is 
     limited under clause (i) by up to 1 additional year if the 
     Foundation determines that such action is necessary to 
     promote the Foundation's national security missions.
       (D) Limitations on additional payments.--
       (i) Total amount.--The total amount of the additional 
     payments paid to an employee under this subsection for any 
     12-month period may not exceed the maximum amount of total 
     compensation payable at the salary set in accordance with 
     section 104 of title, United States Code.
       (ii) Eligibility for payments.--An employee appointed under 
     this subsection is not eligible for any bonus, monetary 
     award, or other monetary incentive for service, except for 
     payments authorized under this subsection.
       (E) Limitation on number of highly qualified experts.--The 
     number of highly qualified experts appointed and retained by 
     the Foundation under sub (B)(i) shall not exceed 70 at any 
     time.
       (F) Savings provisions.--In the event that the Foundation 
     terminates the program under this paragraph, in the case of 
     an employee who, on the day before the termination of the 
     program, is serving in a position pursuant to an appointment 
     under this paragraph--
       (i) the termination of the program does not terminate the 
     employee's employment in that position before the expiration 
     of the lesser of--

       (I) the period for which the employee was appointed; or
       (II) the period to which the employee's service is limited 
     under subparagraph (C), including any extension made under 
     this paragraph before the termination of the program; and

       (ii) the rate of basic pay prescribed for the position 
     under this paragraph may not be reduced as long as the 
     employee continues to serve at an acceptable level of 
     performance in the position without a break in service.
       (5) Additional hiring authority.--To the extent needed to 
     carry out the duties under paragraph (1)(A), the Director is 
     authorized to utilize hiring authorities under section 3372 
     of title 5, United States Code, to staff the Foundation with 
     employees from other Federal agencies, State and local 
     governments, Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations, 
     institutions of higher education, and other organizations, as 
     described in that section, in the same manner and subject to 
     the same conditions, that apply to such individuals utilized 
     to accomplish other missions of the Foundation.
       (6) National academy of public administration.--
       (A) Study.--Not later than 30 days after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall contract with the 
     National Academy of Public Administration to conduct a study 
     on the organizational and management structure of the 
     Foundation, to--
       (i) evaluate and make recommendations to efficiently and 
     effectively implement the Directorate for Technology, 
     Innovation, and Partnerships; and
       (ii) evaluate and make recommendations to ensure 
     coordination of the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, 
     and Partnerships with other directorates and offices of the 
     Foundation and other Federal agencies.
       (B) Review.--Upon completion of the study under 
     subparagraph (A), the Foundation shall review the 
     recommendations from the National Academy of Public 
     Administration and provide a briefing to Congress on the 
     plans of the Foundation to implement any such 
     recommendations.
       (7) Providing authority to disseminate information.--
     Section 11 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 
     U.S.C. 1870) is amended--
       (A) in subsection (j), by striking ``and'' after the 
     semicolon;
       (B) in subsection (k), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; and''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(l) to provide for the widest practicable and appropriate 
     dissemination of information within the United States 
     concerning the Foundation's activities and the results of 
     those activities.''.

     SEC. 10397. COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.

       (a) In General.--In carrying out the activities of the 
     Directorate, the Director shall coordinate and collaborate as 
     appropriate with the Secretary of Energy, the Director of the 
     National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the heads 
     of other Federal research agencies, as appropriate, to 
     further the goals of this subtitle.
       (b) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure, to the 
     greatest extent practicable, that activities carried out by 
     the Directorate are not duplicative of activities supported 
     by other parts of the Foundation or other relevant Federal 
     agencies. In carrying out the activities prescribed by this 
     division, the Director shall coordinate with the interagency 
     working group established under subtitle F of title VI and 
     heads of other Federal research agencies to ensure these 
     activities enhance and complement, but do not constitute 
     unnecessary duplication of effort and to ensure the 
     responsible stewardship of funds.
       (c) Emerging Technologies.--After completion of the studies 
     regarding emerging technologies conducted by the Secretary of 
     Commerce under title XV of division FF of the Consolidated 
     Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the Director 
     shall consider the results of such studies in carrying out 
     the activities of the Directorate.

     SEC. 10398. ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND SOCIETAL CONSIDERATIONS.

       The Director shall engage, as appropriate, experts in the 
     social dimensions of science and technology and set up formal 
     avenues for public input, as appropriate, to ensure that 
     ethical, legal, and societal considerations are taken into 
     account in the priorities and activities of the Directorate, 
     including in the selection of the challenges and key 
     technology focus areas under section 10387 and the award-
     making process, and throughout all stages of supported 
     projects.

     SEC. 10399. REPORTS AND ROADMAPS.

       (a) Annual Report.--The Director shall provide to the 
     relevant authorizing and appropriations committees of 
     Congress an annual report describing projects supported by 
     the Directorate during the previous year.
       (b) Roadmap.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide to the 
     relevant authorizing and appropriations committees of 
     Congress a roadmap describing the strategic vision that the 
     Directorate will use to guide investment decisions over the 
     following 3 years.
       (c) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act and every 3 years thereafter, the 
     Director, in consultation with the heads of relevant Federal 
     agencies, shall prepare and submit to Congress--
       (1) a strategic vision for the next 5 years for the 
     Directorate, including a description of how the Foundation 
     will increase funding for research and education for 
     populations underrepresented in STEM and geographic areas; 
     and
       (2) a description of the planned activities of the 
     Directorate to secure federally funded science and technology 
     pursuant to section 1746 of the National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 
     U.S.C. 6601 note) and section 223 of William M. (Mac) 
     Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2021 (Public Law 116-283) and the requirements under subtitle 
     D of this title and subtitle E of title VI .
       (d) Selection Criteria Report.--Not later than 24 months 
     after the establishment of the Directorate, the Director 
     shall prepare and submit a report to Congress regarding the 
     use of alternative methods for the selection of award 
     recipients and the distribution of funding to recipients, as 
     compared to the traditional peer review process.

[[Page S3453]]

  


     SEC. 10399A. EVALUATION.

       (a) In General.--After the Directorate has been in 
     operation for 6 years, the Director shall enter into an 
     agreement with the National Academies to provide an 
     evaluation of how well the Directorate is achieving the 
     purposes identified in section 10382.
       (b) Inclusions.--The evaluation shall include--
       (1) an assessment of the impact of Directorate activities 
     on the Foundation's primary science mission;
       (2) an assessment of the Directorate's impact on the 
     challenges and key technology focus areas under section 
     10387;
       (3) an assessment of efforts to ensure coordination between 
     the Directorate and other Federal agencies, and with external 
     entities;
       (4) a description of lessons learned from operation of the 
     Directorate; and
       (5) recommended funding levels for the Directorate;
       (c) Availability.--On completion of the evaluation, the 
     evaluation shall be made available to Congress and the 
     public.

                 Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

     SEC. 10399D. SUPPORTING VETERANS IN STEM CAREERS.

       Section 3(c) of the Supporting Veterans in STEM Careers Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1862t) is amended by striking ``annual'' and 
     inserting ``biennial''.

     SEC. 10399E. SUNSHINE ACT COMPLIANCE.

       Section 15(a) of the National Science Foundation 
     Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-5(a)) is amended--
       (1) so that paragraph (3) reads as follows:
       ``(3) Compliance review.--The Inspector General of the 
     Foundation shall conduct a review of the compliance by the 
     Board with the requirements described in paragraph (2) as 
     necessary based on a triennial risk assessment. Any review 
     deemed necessary shall examine the proposed and actual 
     content of closed meetings and determine whether the closure 
     of the meetings was consistent with section 552b of title 5, 
     United States Code.''; and
       (2) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(4) Materials relating to closed portions of meeting.--To 
     facilitate the risk assessment required under paragraph (3) 
     of this subsection, and any subsequent review conducted by 
     the Inspector General, the Office of the National Science 
     Board shall maintain the General Counsel's certificate, the 
     presiding officer's statement, and a transcript or recording 
     of any closed meeting, for at least 3 years after such 
     meeting.''.

     SEC. 10399F. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING INDICATORS REPORT 
                   SUBMISSION.

        Section 4(j)(1) of the National Science Foundation Act of 
     1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(j)(1)) is amended by striking ``January 
     15'' and inserting ``March 15''.

             TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

     SEC. 10401. DEFINITIONS.

       In this title:
       (1) Initiative.--The term ``Initiative'' means the National 
     Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative 
     established under section 10402.
       (2) Omics.--The term ``omics'' refers to the collective 
     technologies used to explore the roles, relationships, and 
     actions of the various types of molecules that make up the 
     cells and systems of an organism and the systems level 
     analysis of their functions.

     SEC. 10402. NATIONAL ENGINEERING BIOLOGY RESEARCH AND 
                   DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE.

       (a) In General.--The President, acting through the Office 
     of Science and Technology Policy, shall implement a National 
     Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative to 
     advance societal well-being, national security, 
     sustainability, and economic productivity and competitiveness 
     through the following:
       (1) Advancing areas of research at the intersection of the 
     biological, physical, chemical, data, and computational and 
     information sciences and engineering to accelerate scientific 
     understanding and technological innovation in engineering 
     biology.
       (2) Advancing areas of biomanufacturing research to 
     optimize, standardize, scale, and deliver new products and 
     solutions.
       (3) Supporting social and behavioral sciences and economics 
     research that advances the field of engineering biology and 
     contributes to the development and public understanding of 
     new products, processes, and technologies.
       (4) Improving the understanding of engineering biology of 
     the scientific and lay public and supporting greater 
     evidence-based public discourse about its benefits and risks.
       (5) Supporting research relating to the risks and benefits 
     of engineering biology, including under subsection (d).
       (6) Supporting the development of novel tools and 
     technologies to accelerate scientific understanding and 
     technological innovation in engineering biology.
       (7) Expanding the number of researchers, educators, and 
     students and a retooled workforce with engineering biology 
     training, including from traditionally underrepresented and 
     underserved populations.
       (8) Accelerating the translation and commercialization of 
     engineering biology and biomanufacturing research and 
     development by the private sector.
       (9) Improving the interagency planning and coordination of 
     Federal Government activities related to engineering biology.
       (b) Initiative Activities.--The activities of the 
     Initiative shall include the following:
       (1) Sustained support for engineering biology research and 
     development through the following:
       (A) Grants to fund the work of individual investigators and 
     teams of investigators, including interdisciplinary teams.
       (B) Projects funded under joint solicitations by a 
     collaboration of not fewer than two agencies participating in 
     the Initiative.
       (C) Interdisciplinary research centers that are organized 
     to investigate basic research questions, carry out technology 
     development and demonstration activities, and increase 
     understanding of how to scale up engineering biology 
     processes, including biomanufacturing.
       (2) Sustained support for databases and related tools, 
     including the following:
       (A) Support for the establishment, curation, and 
     maintenance of curated genomics, epigenomics, and other 
     relevant omics databases, including plant, animal, and 
     microbial databases, that are available to researchers to 
     carry out engineering biology research in a manner that does 
     not compromise national security or the privacy or security 
     of information within such databases.
       (B) Development of standards for such databases, including 
     for curation, interoperability, and protection of privacy and 
     security.
       (C) Support for the development of computational tools, 
     including artificial intelligence tools, that can accelerate 
     research and innovation using such databases.
       (D) An inventory and assessment of all Federal government 
     omics databases to identify opportunities to improve the 
     utility of such databases, as appropriate and in a manner 
     that does not compromise national security or the privacy and 
     security of information within such databases, and inform 
     investment in such databases as critical infrastructure for 
     the engineering biology research enterprise.
       (3) Sustained support for the development, optimization, 
     and validation of novel tools and technologies to enable the 
     dynamic study of molecular processes in situ, including 
     through the following:
       (A) Research conducted at Federal laboratories.
       (B) Grants to fund the work of investigators at 
     institutions of higher education and other nonprofit research 
     institutions.
       (C) Incentivized development of retooled industrial sites 
     across the country that foster a pivot to modernized 
     engineering biology initiatives.
       (D) Awards under the Small Business Innovation Research 
     Program and the Small Business Technology Transfer Program 
     (as described in section 9 of the Small Business Act (15 
     U.S.C. 638)).
       (4) Support for education and training of undergraduate and 
     graduate students in engineering biology, biomanufacturing, 
     bioprocess engineering, and computational science applied to 
     engineering biology and in the related ethical, legal, 
     environmental, safety, security, and other societal domains.
       (5) Support for a national network of testbeds based on 
     open standards, interfaces, and processes, including by 
     repurposing existing facilities such as those specified in 
     paragraph (3)(C), that would enable scale up of laboratory 
     engineering biology research.
       (6) Activities to develop robust mechanisms for documenting 
     and quantifying the outputs and economic benefits of 
     engineering biology.
       (7) Activities to accelerate the translation and 
     commercialization of new products, processes, and 
     technologies by carrying out the following:
       (A) Identifying precompetitive research opportunities.
       (B) Facilitating public-private partnerships in engineering 
     biology research and development, including to address 
     barriers to scaling up innovations in engineering biology.
       (C) Connecting researchers, graduate students, and 
     postdoctoral fellows with entrepreneurship education and 
     training opportunities.
       (D) Supporting proof of concept activities and the 
     formation of startup companies including through programs 
     such as the Small Business Innovation Research Program and 
     the Small Business Technology Transfer Program.
       (c) Expanding Participation.--The Initiative shall include, 
     to the maximum extent practicable, outreach to primarily 
     undergraduate and historically Black colleges and 
     universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority-
     serving institutions about Initiative opportunities, and 
     shall encourage the development of research collaborations 
     between research-intensive universities and primarily 
     undergraduate and historically Black colleges and 
     universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority-
     serving institutions.
       (d) Ethical, Legal, Environmental, Safety, Security, and 
     Societal Issues.--Initiative activities shall take into 
     account ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and 
     other appropriate societal issues by carrying out the 
     following:
       (1) Supporting research, including in the social sciences, 
     and other activities addressing ethical, legal, 
     environmental, and other appropriate societal issues related 
     to engineering biology, including integrating research on 
     such topics with the research and development in engineering 
     biology, and encouraging the dissemination of the results of

[[Page S3454]]

     such research, including through interdisciplinary 
     engineering biology research centers described in subsection 
     (b)(1)(C).
       (2) Supporting research and other activities related to the 
     safety and security implications of engineering biology, 
     including outreach to increase awareness among Federal 
     researchers and federally-funded researchers at institutions 
     of higher education about potential safety and security 
     implications of engineering biology research, as appropriate.
       (3) Ensuring that input from Federal and non-Federal 
     experts on the ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
     security, and other appropriate societal issues related to 
     engineering biology is integrated into the Initiative.
       (4) Ensuring, through the agencies and departments that 
     participate in the Initiative, that public input and outreach 
     are integrated into the Initiative by the convening of 
     regular and ongoing public discussions through mechanisms 
     such as workshops, consensus conferences, and educational 
     events, as appropriate.
       (5) Complying with all applicable provisions of Federal 
     law.

     SEC. 10403. INITIATIVE COORDINATION.

       (a) Interagency Committee.--The President, acting through 
     the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall designate 
     an interagency committee to coordinate activities of the 
     Initiative as appropriate, which shall be co-chaired by the 
     Office of Science and Technology Policy. The Director of the 
     Office of Science and Technology Policy shall select an 
     additional co-chairperson from among the members of the 
     interagency committee. The interagency committee shall 
     oversee the planning, management, and coordination of the 
     Initiative. The interagency committee shall carry out the 
     following:
       (1) Provide for interagency coordination of Federal 
     engineering biology research, development, and other 
     activities undertaken pursuant to the Initiative.
       (2) Establish and periodically update goals and priorities 
     for the Initiative.
       (3) Develop, not later than 12 months after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, and update every five years 
     thereafter, a strategic plan submitted to the Committee on 
     Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Agriculture, 
     and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
     Transportation, the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
     Forestry, the Committee on Small Business and 
     Entrepreneurship, and the Committee on Health, Education, 
     Labor, and Pensions of the Senate that--
       (A) guides the activities of the Initiative for purposes of 
     meeting the goals and priorities established under (and 
     updated pursuant to) paragraph (2); and
       (B) describes--
       (i) the Initiative's support for long-term funding for 
     interdisciplinary engineering biology research and 
     development;
       (ii) the Initiative's support for education and public 
     outreach activities;
       (iii) the Initiative's support for research and other 
     activities on ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
     security, and other appropriate societal issues related to 
     engineering biology, including--

       (I) an applied biorisk management research plan;
       (II) recommendations for integrating security into 
     biological data access and international reciprocity 
     agreements;
       (III) recommendations for manufacturing restructuring to 
     support engineering biology research, development, and 
     scaling-up initiatives; and
       (IV) an evaluation of existing biosecurity governance 
     policies, guidance, and directives for the purposes of 
     creating an adaptable, evidence-based framework to respond to 
     emerging biosecurity challenges created by advances in 
     engineering biology;

       (iv) how the Initiative will contribute to moving results 
     out of the laboratory and into application for the benefit of 
     society and United States competitiveness; and
       (v) how the Initiative will measure and track the 
     contributions of engineering biology to United States 
     economic growth and other societal indicators.
       (4) Develop a national genomic sequencing strategy to 
     ensure engineering biology research fully leverages plant, 
     animal, and microbe biodiversity, as appropriate and in a 
     manner that does not compromise economic competitiveness, 
     national security, or the privacy or security of human 
     genetic information, to enhance long-term innovation and 
     competitiveness in engineering biology in the United States.
       (5) Develop a plan to utilize Federal programs, such as the 
     Small Business Innovation Research Program and the Small 
     Business Technology Transfer Program (as described in section 
     9 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)), in support of 
     the activities described in section 10402(b)(3).
       (6) In carrying out this section, take into consideration 
     the recommendations of the advisory committee established 
     under section 10404, the results of the workshop convened 
     under section 10402, existing reports on related topics, and 
     the views of academic, State, industry, and other appropriate 
     groups.
       (b) Quinquennial Report.--Beginning with fiscal year 2023 
     and every five years thereafter for ten years, the 
     interagency committee shall prepare and submit to the 
     Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on 
     Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on Agriculture of the 
     House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
     Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Health, 
     Education, Labor, and Pensions, the Committee on Small 
     Business and Entrepreneurship, and the Committee on 
     Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report 
     that includes the following:
       (1) A summarized agency budget in support of the Initiative 
     for the current fiscal year, including a breakout of spending 
     for each agency participating in the Program, and for the 
     development and acquisition of any research facilities and 
     instrumentation.
       (2) An assessment of how Federal agencies are implementing 
     the plan described in subsection (a)(3), including the 
     following:
       (A) A description of the amount and number of awards made 
     under the Small Business Innovation Research Program and the 
     Small Business Technology Transfer Program (as described in 
     section 9 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)) in 
     support of the Initiative.
       (B) A description of the amount and number of projects 
     funded under joint solicitations by a collaboration of not 
     fewer than two agencies participating in the Initiative.
       (C) A description of effects of newly-funded projects by 
     the Initiative.
       (c) Initiative Coordination Office.--
       (1) In general.--The President shall establish an 
     Initiative Coordination Office, with a Director and full-time 
     staff, which shall--
       (A) provide technical and administrative support to the 
     interagency committee and the advisory committee established 
     under subsection (a) and section 10404;
       (B) serve as the point of contact on Federal engineering 
     biology activities for government organizations, academia, 
     industry, professional societies, State governments, 
     interested citizen groups, and others to exchange technical 
     and programmatic information;
       (C) oversee interagency coordination of the Initiative, 
     including by encouraging and supporting joint agency 
     solicitation and selection of applications for funding of 
     activities under the Initiative, as appropriate;
       (D) conduct public outreach, including dissemination of 
     findings and recommendations of the advisory committee, as 
     appropriate;
       (E) serve as the coordinator of ethical, legal, 
     environmental, safety, security, and other appropriate 
     societal input; and
       (F) promote access to, and early application of, the 
     technologies, innovations, and expertise derived from 
     Initiative activities to agency missions and systems across 
     the Federal Government, and to United States industry, 
     including startup companies.
       (2) Funding.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy, in coordination with each participating 
     Federal department and agency, as appropriate, shall develop 
     and annually update an estimate of the funds necessary to 
     carry out the activities of the Initiative Coordination 
     Office and submit such estimate with an agreed summary of 
     contributions from each agency to Congress as part of the 
     President's annual budget request to Congress.
       (3) Termination.--The Initiative Coordination Office 
     established under this subsection shall terminate on the date 
     that is 10 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
       (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be 
     construed to alter the policies, processes, or practices of 
     individual Federal agencies in effect on the day before the 
     date of the enactment of this Act relating to the conduct of 
     biomedical research and advanced development, including the 
     solicitation and review of extramural research proposals.

     SEC. 10404. ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON ENGINEERING BIOLOGY 
                   RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

       (a) In General.--The agency co-chair of the interagency 
     committee established under section 10403 shall, in 
     consultation with the Office of Science and Technology 
     Policy, designate or establish an advisory committee on 
     engineering biology research and development (in this section 
     referred to as the ``advisory committee'') to be composed of 
     not fewer than 12 members, including representatives of 
     research and academic institutions, industry, and 
     nongovernmental entities, who are qualified to provide advice 
     on the Initiative.
       (b) Assessment.--The advisory committee shall assess the 
     following:
       (1) The current state of United States competitiveness in 
     engineering biology, including the scope and scale of United 
     States investments in engineering biology research and 
     development in the international context.
       (2) Current market barriers to commercialization of 
     engineering biology products, processes, and tools in the 
     United States.
       (3) Progress made in implementing the Initiative.
       (4) The need to revise the Initiative.
       (5) The balance of activities and funding across the 
     Initiative.
       (6) Whether the strategic plan developed or updated by the 
     interagency committee established under section 10403 is 
     helping to maintain United States leadership in engineering 
     biology.
       (7) Whether ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
     security, and other appropriate societal issues are 
     adequately addressed by the Initiative.
       (c) Reports.--Beginning not later than two years after the 
     date of the enactment of this Act and not less frequently 
     than once every five years thereafter, the advisory committee 
     shall submit to the President, the

[[Page S3455]]

     Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on 
     Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on Agriculture of the 
     House of Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, 
     Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Health, 
     Education, Labor, and Pensions, and the Committee on 
     Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate, a report 
     on the following:
       (1) The findings of the advisory committee's assessment 
     under subsection (b).
       (2) The advisory committee's recommendations for ways to 
     improve the Initiative.
       (d) Application of Federal Advisory Committee Act.--Section 
     14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) 
     shall not apply to the advisory committee.
       (e) Termination.--The advisory committee established under 
     subsection (a) shall terminate on the date that is 10 years 
     after the date of the enactment of this Act.

     SEC. 10405. EXTERNAL REVIEW OF ETHICAL, LEGAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, 
                   SAFETY, SECURITY, AND SOCIETAL ISSUES.

       (a) In General.--Not later than six months after the date 
     of enactment of this Act, the Director of the National 
     Science Foundation shall seek to enter into an agreement with 
     the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 
     to conduct a review, and make recommendations with respect 
     to, the ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and 
     other appropriate societal issues related to engineering 
     biology research and development. The review shall include 
     the following:
       (1) An assessment of the current research on such issues.
       (2) A description of the research needs relating to such 
     issues.
       (3) Recommendations on how the Initiative can address the 
     research needs identified pursuant to paragraph (2).
       (4) Recommendations on how researchers engaged in 
     engineering biology can best incorporate considerations of 
     such issues into the development of research proposals and 
     the conduct of research.
       (b) Report to Congress.--The agreement entered into under 
     subsection (a) shall require the National Academies of 
     Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to, not later than two 
     years after the date of the enactment of this Act--
       (1) submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
     Transportation and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, 
     and Forestry of the Senate a report containing the findings 
     and recommendations of the review conducted under subsection 
     (a); and
       (2) make a copy of such report available on a publicly 
     accessible website.

     SEC. 10406. AGENCY ACTIVITIES.

       (a) National Science Foundation.--As part of the 
     Initiative, the National Science Foundation shall carry out 
     the following:
       (1) Support research in engineering biology and 
     biomanufacturing through individual grants, collaborative 
     grants, and through interdisciplinary research centers.
       (2) Support research on the environmental, legal, ethical, 
     and social implications of engineering biology.
       (3) Provide support for research instrumentation, 
     equipment, and cyberinfrastructure for engineering biology 
     disciplines, including support for research, development, 
     optimization, and validation of novel technologies to enable 
     the dynamic study of molecular processes in situ.
       (4) Support curriculum development and research experiences 
     for secondary, undergraduate, and graduate students in 
     engineering biology and biomanufacturing, including through 
     support for graduate fellowships and traineeships in 
     engineering biology.
       (5) Award grants, on a competitive basis, to enable 
     institutions to support graduate students and postdoctoral 
     fellows who perform some of their engineering biology 
     research in an industry setting.
       (b) Department of Commerce.--
       (1) National institute of standards and technology.--As 
     part of the Initiative, the Director of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology shall carry out the 
     following:
       (A) Advance the development of standard reference materials 
     and measurements, including to promote interoperability 
     between new component technologies and processes for 
     engineering biology and biomanufacturing discovery, 
     innovation, and production processes.
       (B) Establish new data tools, techniques, and processes 
     necessary to advance engineering biology and 
     biomanufacturing.
       (C) Provide access to user facilities with advanced or 
     unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources to 
     industry, institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
     organizations, and government agencies to perform research 
     and testing.
       (D) Provide technical expertise to inform the potential 
     development of guidelines or safeguards for new products, 
     processes, and systems of engineering biology.
       (2) National oceanic and atmospheric administration.--As 
     part of the initiative, the Administrator of the National 
     Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall carry out the 
     following:
       (A) Conduct and support research in omics and associated 
     bioinformatic sciences and develop tools and products to 
     improve ecosystem stewardship, monitoring, management, 
     assessments. and forecasts, consistent with the mission of 
     the agency.
       (B) Collaborate with other agencies to understand potential 
     environmental threats and safeguards related to engineering 
     biology.
       (c) Department of Energy.--As part of the Initiative, the 
     Secretary of Energy shall carry out the following:
       (1) Conduct and support research, development, 
     demonstration, and commercial application activities in 
     engineering biology, including in the areas of synthetic 
     biology, advanced biofuel and bioproduct development, 
     biobased materials, and environmental remediation.
       (2) Support the development, optimization and validation of 
     novel, scalable tools and technologies to enable the dynamic 
     study of molecular processes in situ.
       (3) Provide access to user facilities with advanced or 
     unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources, 
     including secure access to high-performance computing, as 
     appropriate, to industry, institutions of higher education, 
     nonprofit organizations, and government agencies to perform 
     research and testing;.
       (4) Strengthen collaboration between the Office of Science 
     and the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office to help 
     transfer fundamental research results to industry and 
     accelerate commercial applications.
       (d) Department of Defense.--As part of the Initiative, the 
     Secretary of Defense shall carry out the following:
       (1) Conduct and support research and development in 
     engineering biology and associated data and information 
     sciences.
       (2) Support curriculum development and research experiences 
     in engineering biology and associated data and information 
     sciences across the military education system, including the 
     service academies, professional military education, and 
     military graduate education.
       (3) Assess risks of potential national security and 
     economic security threats relating to engineering biology.
       (e) National Aeronautics and Space Administration.--As part 
     of the Initiative, the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration shall carry out the following:
       (1) Conduct and support research in engineering biology, 
     including in synthetic biology, and related to Earth and 
     space sciences, aeronautics, space technology, and space 
     exploration and experimentation, consistent with the 
     priorities established in the National Academies' decadal 
     surveys.
       (2) Award grants, on a competitive basis, that enable 
     institutions to support graduate students and postdoctoral 
     fellows who perform some of their engineering biology 
     research in an industry setting.
       (f) Department of Agriculture.--As part of the Initiative, 
     the Secretary of Agriculture shall support research and 
     development in engineering biology through the Agricultural 
     Research Service, the National Institute of Food and 
     Agriculture programs and grants, and the Office of the Chief 
     Scientist.
       (g) Environmental Protection Agency.--As part of the 
     Initiative, the Environmental Protection Agency shall support 
     research on how products, processes, and systems of 
     engineering biology will affect or can protect the 
     environment.
       (h) Department of Health and Human Services.--As part of 
     the Initiative, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
     as appropriate and consistent with activities of the 
     Department of Health and Human Services in effect on the day 
     before the date of the enactment of this Act, shall carry out 
     the following:
       (1) Support research and development to advance the 
     understanding and application of engineering biology for 
     human health.
       (2) Support relevant interdisciplinary research and 
     coordination.
       (3) Support activities necessary to facilitate oversight of 
     relevant emerging biotechnologies.

     SEC. 10407. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

       Nothing in this title may be construed to require public 
     disclosure of information that is exempt from mandatory 
     disclosure under section 552 of title 5, United States Code.

              TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                     Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

     SEC. 10501. FEDERAL RESEARCH AGENCY POLICIES FOR CAREGIVERS.

       (a) OSTP Guidance.--Not later than 12 months after the date 
     of the enactment of this Act, the Director, in consultation 
     with the heads of relevant agencies, shall provide guidance 
     to each Federal research agency to establish policies that--
       (1) apply to all--
       (A) research awards granted by such agency; and
       (B) principal investigators of such research and their 
     trainees, including postdoctoral researchers and graduate 
     students, who have caregiving responsibilities, including 
     care for a newborn or newly adopted child and care for an 
     immediate family member who has a disability or a serious 
     health condition; and
       (2) provide, to the extent feasible--
       (A) flexibility in timing for the initiation of approved 
     research awards granted by such agency;
       (B) no-cost extensions of such research awards;
       (C) award supplements, as appropriate, to research awards 
     to sustain research activities conducted under such awards; 
     and
       (D) any other appropriate accommodations at the discretion 
     of the director of each such agency.

[[Page S3456]]

       (b) Uniformity of Guidance.--In providing guidance under 
     subsection (a), the Director shall encourage uniformity, to 
     the extent practicable, and consistency in the policies 
     established pursuant to such guidance across all Federal 
     research agencies.
       (c) Establishment of Policies.--Consistent, to the extent 
     practicable, with the guidance under subsection (a), Federal 
     research agencies shall--
       (1) maintain or develop and implement policies for 
     individuals described in paragraph (1)(B) of such subsection; 
     and
       (2) broadly disseminate in easily accessible formats such 
     policies to current and potential award recipients.
       (d) Data on Usage.--Federal research agencies shall 
     consider--
       (1) collecting data, including demographic data that can be 
     disaggregated by sex, geographic location, and socioeconomic 
     indicators, which may include employment status, occupation, 
     educational attainment, parental education, and income, on 
     the usage of the policies under subsection (c), at both 
     institutions of higher education and Federal laboratories; 
     and
       (2) reporting such data on an annual basis to the Director 
     in such form as required by the Director.

     SEC. 10502. COLLECTION AND REPORTING OF DATA ON FEDERAL 
                   RESEARCH AWARDS.

       (a) Collection of Data.--
       (1) In general.--Each Federal research agency shall 
     collect, as practicable, with respect to all applications for 
     merit-reviewed research and development awards made by such 
     agency, standardized record-level annual information on 
     demographics, primary field, award type, institution type, 
     review rating, budget request, funding outcome, and awarded 
     budget.
       (2) Uniformity and standardization.--The Director, in 
     consultation with the heads of each Federal research agency, 
     shall establish, and update as necessary, a policy to ensure 
     uniformity and standardization of the data collection 
     required under paragraph (1).
       (3) Record-level data.--
       (A) Requirement.--Beginning not later than two years after 
     the issuance of the policy under paragraph (2) to Federal 
     research agencies, and on an annual basis thereafter, each 
     Federal research agency shall submit to the National Center 
     for Science and Engineering Statistics record-level data 
     collected under paragraph (1) in the form required by the 
     Director of the National Science Foundation.
       (B) Previous data.--As part of the first submission under 
     subparagraph (A), each Federal research agency, to the extent 
     practicable, shall also submit comparable record-level data, 
     if it is available to the agency, for the five years 
     preceding the date of such submission, or an analysis for why 
     such data cannot be provided.
       (b) Reporting of Data.--The Director of the National 
     Science Foundation shall publish statistical summary data, as 
     practicable, collected under this section, disaggregated and 
     cross-tabulated by race, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic 
     indicators, which may include employment status, occupation, 
     educational attainment, parental education, and income, 
     geographic location, and years since completion of doctoral 
     degree, including in conjunction with the National Science 
     Foundation's report required by section 37 of the Science and 
     Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885d; Public 
     Law 96-516).

     SEC. 10503. POLICIES FOR REVIEW OF FEDERAL RESEARCH AWARDS.

       (a) Assessment of Policies.--Federal research agencies 
     shall regularly assess, and update as necessary, policies, 
     and practices to remove or reduce cultural and institutional 
     barriers limiting the recruitment, retention, and success of 
     groups historically underrepresented in STEM research 
     careers, including policies and practices relevant to the 
     unbiased review of Federal research applications.
       (b) Considerations and Activities.--In carrying out the 
     requirements under subsection (a), Federal research agencies 
     shall--
       (1) review current levels of participation of groups 
     historically underrepresented in STEM in peer-review panels 
     and consider approaches for expanding their participation;
       (2) analyze the data collected under section 10502, 
     including funding rates of proposals from all groups, 
     including those historically underrepresented in STEM;
       (3) collect and disseminate best practices to remove or 
     reduce cultural and institutional barriers limiting the 
     recruitment, retention, and success of groups historically 
     underrepresented in STEM research careers; and
       (4) implement evidence-based policies and practices to 
     achieve the goals of this section.

     SEC. 10504. COLLECTION OF DATA ON DEMOGRAPHICS OF FACULTY.

       (a) Collection of Data.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 5 years after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act and at least every five years 
     thereafter, the Director of the National Science Foundation 
     shall carry out a survey to collect data from award 
     recipients on the demographics of STEM faculty, by broad 
     fields of STEM, at different types of institutions of higher 
     education that receive Federal research funding.
       (2) Survey considerations.--To the extent practicable, the 
     Director of the National Science Foundation shall survey, by 
     sex, race, socioeconomic indicators, which may include 
     employment status, occupation, educational attainment, 
     parental education, and income, geographic location, 
     ethnicity, citizenship status, and years since completion of 
     doctoral degree--
       (A) the number and percentage of faculty;
       (B) the number and percentage of faculty at each rank;
       (C) the number and percentage of faculty who are in 
     nontenure-track positions, including teaching and research;
       (D) the number and percentage of faculty who are reviewed 
     for promotion, including tenure, and the percentage of that 
     number who are promoted, including being awarded tenure;
       (E) faculty years in rank;
       (F) the number and percentage of faculty to leave tenure-
     track positions;
       (G) the number and percentage of faculty hired, by rank; 
     and
       (H) the number and percentage of faculty in leadership 
     positions.
       (b) Existing Surveys.--The Director of the National Science 
     Foundation, may, in modifying or expanding existing Federal 
     surveys of higher education (as necessary)--
       (1) take into account the considerations under subsection 
     (a)(2) by collaborating with statistical centers at other 
     Federal agencies; or
       (2) make an award to an institution of higher education or 
     nonprofit organization (or consortia thereof) to take such 
     considerations into account.
       (c) Reporting Data.--The Director of the National Science 
     Foundation shall publish statistical summary data collected 
     under this section, including as part of the National Science 
     Foundation's report required by section 37 of the Science and 
     Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885d; Public 
     Law 96-516).
       (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Director of the National Science 
     Foundation $4,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2023 through 
     2025 to develop and carry out the initial survey required 
     under subsection (a).

     SEC. 10505. CULTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS TO EXPANDING 
                   THE ACADEMIC AND FEDERAL STEM WORKFORCE.

       (a) Best Practices.--
       (1) Development of guidance.--Not later than 12 months 
     after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director, in 
     consultation with the interagency working group on inclusion 
     in STEM and utilizing existing guidance already developed by 
     Federal research agencies where applicable, shall broadly 
     disseminate to entities that receive Federal research funding 
     best practices for--
       (A) conducting periodic climate surveys of STEM departments 
     and divisions, with a particular focus on identifying and 
     addressing any cultural or institutional barriers to the 
     recruitment, retention, or advancement of groups historically 
     underrepresented in STEM studies and careers; and
       (B) providing educational opportunities, including 
     workshops, for STEM professionals to learn about current 
     research on effective practices for unbiased recruitment, 
     evaluation, and promotion of undergraduate and graduate 
     students and research personnel.
       (2) Establishment of policies.--Consistent with the 
     guidance developed under paragraph (1)--
       (A) The Director of the National Science Foundation, in 
     consultation with the heads of Federal research agencies, 
     shall develop a policy that--
       (i) applies to, at a minimum, doctoral degree granting 
     institutions that receive Federal research funding; and
       (ii) requires each such institution, not later than 3 years 
     after the date of enactment of this Act, and to the extent 
     practicable, to report to the Director of the National 
     Science Foundation on activities and policies developed and 
     implemented based on the guidance disseminated under 
     paragraph (1); and
       (B) each Federal research agency with a Federal laboratory 
     shall maintain or develop and implement practices and 
     policies for the purposes described in paragraph (1) for such 
     laboratory and, not later than three years after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, each Federal laboratory shall 
     report to the head of such agency on such practices and 
     policies.
       (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than four years after 
     the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the 
     National Science Foundation shall submit a report to Congress 
     that includes a summary and analysis of the types and 
     frequency of activities and policies developed and carried 
     out under subsection (a) based on the reports submitted under 
     paragraph (2) of such subsection.

     SEC. 10506. EXISTING ACTIVITIES.

        A Federal research agency may satisfy requirements under 
     this subtitle through activities and programs in existence as 
     of the date of the enactment of this Act.

     SEC. 10507. REPORT TO CONGRESS.

       Not later than four years after the date of the enactment 
     of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress a report 
     that includes the following:
       (1) A description and evaluation of the status and usage of 
     policies implemented pursuant to section 10505 at all Federal 
     research agencies, including any recommendations for revising 
     or expanding such policies.
       (2) With respect to efforts to remove or reduce cultural 
     and institutional barriers limiting the recruitment, 
     retention, and success of groups historically 
     underrepresented in academic and government STEM research 
     careers under section 10505--

[[Page S3457]]

       (A) what steps all Federal research agencies have taken to 
     implement policies and practices to further such efforts;
       (B) a description of any significant updates to the 
     policies for review of Federal research awards required under 
     such section; and
       (C) any evidence of the impact of such policies on the 
     review or awarding of Federal research awards; and
       (3) A description and evaluation of the status of 
     institution of higher education and Federal laboratory 
     policies and practices required under section 10505, 
     including any recommendations for revising or expanding such 
     policies.

     SEC. 10508. MERIT REVIEW.

       Nothing in this subtitle may be construed as altering any 
     intellectual or broader impacts criteria at Federal research 
     agencies for evaluating award applications.

     SEC. 10509. DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

       The budgetary effects of this subtitle, for the purpose of 
     complying with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010, shall 
     be determined by reference to the latest statement titled 
     ``Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation'' for this subtitle, 
     submitted for printing in the Congressional Record by the 
     Chairman of the House Budget Committee, provided that such 
     statement has been submitted prior to the vote on passage.

     SEC. 10510. DEFINITION.

       In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director 
     of the Office of Science and Technology Policy.

               Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

     SEC. 10511. DEFINITION.

       In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director 
     of the National Science Foundation.

     SEC. 10512. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION RURAL STEM 
                   ACTIVITIES.

       (a) Preparing Rural STEM Educators.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit- 
     reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher 
     education or nonprofit organizations (or a consortium 
     thereof) for research and development activities to advance 
     innovative approaches to support and sustain high-quality 
     STEM teaching in rural schools.
       (2) Use of funds.--
       (A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection shall be 
     used for the research and development activities referred to 
     in paragraph (1), which may include--
       (i) engaging rural educators, principals, or other school 
     leaders of students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in 
     professional learning opportunities to enhance STEM 
     knowledge, including computer science, and develop best 
     practices;
       (ii) supporting research on effective STEM teaching and 
     school leadership practices in rural settings, including the 
     use of rubrics and mastery- based grading practices to assess 
     student performance when employing the transdisciplinary 
     teaching approach for STEM disciplines;
       (iii) designing and developing pre-service and in-service 
     training resources to assist such rural educators, 
     principals, and other school leaders in adopting 
     transdisciplinary teaching practices across STEM courses;
       (iv) coordinating with local partners to adapt STEM 
     teaching practices to leverage local, natural, and community 
     assets in order to support in-place learning in rural areas;
       (v) providing hands-on training and research opportunities 
     for rural educators described in clause (i) at Federal 
     laboratories or institutions of higher education, or in 
     industry;
       (vi) developing training and best practices for educators 
     who teach multiple grade levels within a STEM discipline;
       (vii) designing and implementing professional development 
     courses and experiences, including mentoring, for rural 
     educators, principals, and other school leaders described in 
     clause (i) that combine face-to-face and online experiences; 
     and
       (viii) any other activity the Director determines will 
     accomplish the goals of this paragraph.
       (B) Rural stem collaborative.--The Director shall establish 
     a pilot program of regional cohorts in rural areas that will 
     provide peer support, mentoring, and hands-on research 
     experiences for rural STEM educators, principals, and other 
     school leaders of students in prekindergarten through grade 
     12, in order to build an ecosystem of cooperation among 
     educators, principals, other school leaders, researchers, 
     academia, and local industry.
       (b) Broadening Participation of Rural Students in STEM.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit- 
     reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher 
     education or nonprofit organizations (or a consortium 
     thereof) for--
       (A) research and development of programming to identify the 
     barriers rural students face in accessing high-quality STEM 
     education; and
       (B) development of innovative solutions to improve the 
     participation and advancement of rural students in 
     prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM studies.
       (2) Use of funds.--
       (A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection shall be 
     used for the research and development activities referred to 
     in paragraph (1), which may include--
       (i) developing partnerships with community colleges to 
     offer advanced STEM course work, including computer science, 
     to rural high school students;
       (ii) supporting research on effective STEM practices in 
     rural settings;
       (iii) implementing a school-wide STEM approach, including 
     preparation and support for principals and other school 
     leaders;
       (iv) improving the Foundation's Advanced Technology 
     Education program's coordination and engagement with rural 
     communities;
       (v) collaborating with existing community partners and 
     networks, such as the Cooperative Extension System services 
     and extramural research programs of the Department of 
     Agriculture and youth serving organizations like 4-H, after 
     school STEM programs, and summer STEM programs, to leverage 
     community resources and develop place-based programming;
       (vi) connecting rural school districts and institutions of 
     higher education, to improve precollegiate STEM education and 
     engagement;
       (vii) supporting partnerships that offer hands- on inquiry-
     based science activities, including coding, and access to lab 
     resources for students studying STEM in prekindergarten 
     through grade 12 in a rural area;
       (viii) evaluating the role of broadband connectivity and 
     its associated impact on the STEM and technology literacy of 
     rural students;
       (ix) building capacity to support extracurricular STEM 
     programs in rural schools, including mentor-led engagement 
     programs, STEM programs held during non-school hours, STEM 
     networks, makerspaces, coding activities, and competitions;
       (x) creating partnerships with local industries and local 
     educational agencies to tailor STEM curricula and educational 
     experiences to the needs of a particular local or regional 
     economy; and
       (xi) any other activity the Director determines will 
     accomplish the goals of this paragraph.
       (c) Application.--An applicant seeking an award under 
     subsection (a) or (b) shall submit an application at such 
     time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
     Director may require. The application may include the 
     following:
       (1) A description of the target population to be served by 
     the research activity or activities for which such award is 
     sought.
       (2) A description of the process for recruitment and 
     selection of students, educators, principals, and other 
     school leaders, or schools from rural areas to participate in 
     such activity or activities.
       (3) A description of how such activity or activities may 
     inform efforts to promote the engagement and achievement of 
     rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM 
     studies.
       (4) In the case of a proposal consisting of a partnership 
     or partnerships with one or more rural schools and one or 
     more researchers, a plan for establishing a sustained 
     partnership that is jointly developed and managed, draws from 
     the capacities of each partner, and is mutually beneficial.
       (d) Partnerships.--In making awards under subsection (a) or 
     (b), the Director shall--
       (1) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of the 
     activity or activities funded through the award, include or 
     partner with a nonprofit organization or an institution of 
     higher education (or a consortium thereof) that has extensive 
     experience and expertise in increasing the participation of 
     rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM;
       (2) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of the 
     activity or activities funded through the award, include or 
     partner with a consortium of rural schools or rural school 
     districts; and
       (3) encourage applications which, for the purpose of the 
     activity or activities funded through the award, include 
     commitments from school principals, other school leaders, and 
     administrators to making reforms and activities proposed by 
     the applicant a priority.
       (e) Evaluations.--All proposals for awards under 
     subsections (a) and (b) shall include an evaluation plan that 
     includes the use of outcome-oriented measures to assess the 
     impact and efficacy of the award. Each recipient of an award 
     under this subsection shall include results from these 
     evaluative activities in annual and final projects.
       (f) Accountability and Dissemination.--
       (1) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the 
     portfolio of awards made under subsections (a) and (b). Such 
     evaluation shall--
       (A) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to assess the 
     results of research conducted under such awards and identify 
     best practices; and
       (B) to the extent practicable, integrate the findings of 
     research resulting from the activity or activities funded 
     through such awards with the findings of other research on 
     rural students' pursuit of degrees or careers in STEM.
       (2) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days after 
     the completion of the evaluation under paragraph (1), the 
     Director shall submit to Congress and make widely available 
     to the public a report that includes--
       (A) the results of the evaluation; and
       (B) any recommendations for administrative and legislative 
     action that could optimize the effectiveness of the awards 
     made under this subsection.

[[Page S3458]]

       (g) Report by Committee on Equal Opportunities in Science 
     and Engineering.--As part of the first report required by 
     section 36(e) of the Science and Engineering Equal 
     Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885c(e)) transmitted to 
     Congress after the date of enactment of this division, the 
     Committee on Equal Opportunities in Science and Engineering, 
     in consultation with the Chief Diversity Officer of the 
     National Science Foundation, shall include--
       (1) a description of past and present policies and 
     activities of the Foundation to encourage full participation 
     of students in rural communities in science, mathematics, 
     engineering, and computer science fields;
       (2) an assessment of trends in participation of rural 
     students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in Foundation 
     activities; and
       (3) an assessment of the policies and activities of the 
     Foundation, along with proposals for new strategies or the 
     broadening of existing successful strategies towards 
     facilitating the goal of increasing participation of rural 
     students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in Foundation 
     activities.
       (h) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
     Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program 
     effectiveness and avoiding duplication of activities, 
     consult, cooperate, and coordinate with the programs and 
     policies of other relevant Federal agencies.
       (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Director--
       (1) $8,000,000 to carry out the activities under subsection 
     (a) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027; and
       (2) $12,000,000 to carry out the activities under 
     subsection (b) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

     SEC. 10513. OPPORTUNITIES FOR ONLINE EDUCATION.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall make competitive awards 
     to institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
     organizations (or a consortium thereof, which may include a 
     private sector partner) to conduct research on online STEM 
     education courses for rural communities.
       (b) Research Areas.--The research areas eligible for 
     funding under this subsection shall include--
       (1) evaluating the learning and achievement of rural 
     students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM 
     subjects;
       (2) understanding how computer-based and online 
     professional development courses and mentor experiences can 
     be integrated to meet the needs of educators, principals, and 
     other school leaders of rural students in prekindergarten 
     through grade 12;
       (3) combining computer-based and online STEM education and 
     training with mentoring and other applied learning 
     arrangements;
       (4) leveraging online programs to supplement STEM studies 
     for rural students that need physical and academic 
     accommodation; and
       (5) any other activity the Director determines will 
     accomplish the goals of this subsection.
       (c) Evaluations.--All proposals for awards under this 
     section shall include an evaluation plan that includes the 
     use of outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and 
     efficacy of the award. Each recipient of an award under this 
     subsection shall include results from these evaluative 
     activities in annual and final projects.
       (d) Accountability and Dissemination.--
       (1) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the 
     portfolio of awards made under this subsection. Such 
     evaluation shall--
       (A) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to assess the 
     results of research conducted under such awards and identify 
     best practices; and
       (B) to the extent practicable, integrate findings from 
     activities carried out pursuant to research conducted under 
     this section, with respect to the pursuit of careers and 
     degrees in STEM, with those activities carried out pursuant 
     to other research on serving rural students and communities.
       (2) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days after 
     the completion of the evaluation under paragraph (1), the 
     Director shall submit to Congress and make widely available 
     to the public a report that includes--
       (A) the results of the evaluation; and
       (B) any recommendations for administrative and legislative 
     action that could optimize the effectiveness of the awards 
     made under this section.
       (e) Coordination.--In carrying out this section, the 
     Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program 
     effectiveness and avoiding duplication of activities, 
     consult, cooperate, and coordinate with the programs and 
     policies of other relevant Federal agencies.

     SEC. 10514. NATIONAL ACADEMIES EVALUATION.

       (a) Study.--Not later than 12 months after the date of 
     enactment of this division, the Director shall enter into an 
     agreement with the National Academies under which the 
     National Academies agree to conduct an evaluation and 
     assessment that--
       (1) evaluates the quality and quantity of current Federal 
     programming and research directed at examining STEM education 
     for students in prekindergarten through grade 12 and 
     workforce development in rural areas;
       (2) in coordination with the Federal Communications 
     Commission, assesses the impact that the scarcity of 
     broadband connectivity in rural communities, and the 
     affordability of broadband connectivity, have on STEM and 
     technical literacy for students in prekindergarten through 
     grade 12 in rural areas;
       (3) assesses the core research and data needed to 
     understand the challenges rural areas are facing in providing 
     quality STEM education and workforce development;
       (4) makes recommendations for action at the Federal, State, 
     and local levels for improving STEM education, including 
     online STEM education, for students in prekindergarten 
     through grade 12 and workforce development in rural areas; 
     and
       (5) makes recommendations to inform the implementation of 
     programs in sections 10512 and 10513 (___-LOG262) and (___-
     LOG263).
       (b) Report to Director.--The agreement entered into under 
     subsection (a) shall require the National Academies, not 
     later than 24 months after the date of enactment of this 
     division, to submit to the Director a report on the study 
     conducted under such paragraph, including the National 
     Academies' findings and recommendations.
       (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Director to carry out this section 
     $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.

     SEC. 10515. GAO REVIEW.

       Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this 
     division, the Comptroller General of the United States shall 
     conduct a study on the engagement of rural populations in 
     Federal STEM education programs and submit to Congress a 
     report that includes--
       (1) an assessment of how Federal STEM education programs 
     are serving rural populations;
       (2) a description of initiatives carried out by Federal 
     agencies that are targeted at supporting STEM education in 
     rural areas;
       (3) an assessment of what is known about the impact and 
     effectiveness of Federal investments in STEM education 
     programs that are targeted to rural areas; and
       (4) an assessment of challenges that State and Federal STEM 
     education programs face in reaching rural population centers.

     SEC. 10516. NIST ENGAGEMENT WITH RURAL COMMUNITIES.

       (a) Prize Competition.--Pursuant to section 24 of the 
     Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
     3719), the Secretary of Commerce shall carry out a program to 
     award prizes competitively to stimulate research and 
     development of creative technologies to support the 
     deployment of affordable and reliable broadband connectivity 
     in rural communities, including unserved rural communities.
       (b) Plan for Deployment in Rural Communities.--Each 
     proposal submitted pursuant to subsection (a) shall include a 
     proposed plan for deployment of the technology that is the 
     subject of such proposal.
       (c) Prize Amount.--In carrying out the program under 
     subsection (a), the Secretary may award not more than a total 
     of $5,000,000 to one or more winners of the prize 
     competition.
       (d) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date on which 
     a prize is awarded under the prize competition, the Secretary 
     shall submit to the relevant committees of Congress a report 
     that describes the winning proposal of the prize competition.
       (e) Consultation.--In carrying out the program under this 
     section, the Secretary shall consult with the Federal 
     Communications Commission and the heads of relevant 
     departments and agencies of the Federal Government.

                    Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

     SEC. 10521. GAO REVIEW.

       Not later than three years after the date of the enactment 
     of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
     shall report to Congress--
       (1) an inventory of competitive funding programs and 
     initiatives carried out by Federal research agencies that are 
     targeted to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs or partnerships with HBCUs, 
     TCUs, and MSIs;
       (2) an assessment of Federal research agency outreach 
     activities to increase the participation and competitiveness 
     of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in the funding programs and 
     initiatives identified in paragraph (1); and
       (3) recommendations of the Comptroller General to increase 
     the participation of and the rate of success of HBCUs, TCUs, 
     and MSIs in competitive funding programs offered by Federal 
     research agencies.

     SEC. 10522. AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES.

       (a) In General.--In consultation with outside stakeholders 
     and the heads of Federal research agencies and the 
     Interagency Working Group on Inclusion in STEM, the Director 
     of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall develop 
     a uniform set of policy guidelines for Federal research 
     agencies to carry out a sustained program of outreach 
     activities to increase clarity, transparency, and 
     accountability for Federal research agency investments in 
     STEM education and research activities at HBCUs, TCUs, and 
     MSIs, including such institutions in rural areas.
       (b) Outreach Activities.--In developing policy guidelines 
     under subsection (a) the Director of the Office of Science 
     and Technology Policy shall include guidelines that require 
     each Federal research agency--
       (1) to designate a liaison for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs 
     responsible for--
       (A) enhancing direct communication with HBCUs, TCUs, and 
     MSIs to increase the Federal research agency's understanding 
     of the capacity and needs of such institutions and to raise 
     awareness of available Federal funding opportunities at such 
     institutions;

[[Page S3459]]

       (B) coordinating programs, activities, and initiatives 
     while accounting for the capacity and needs of HBCUs, TCUs, 
     and MSIs;
       (C) tracking Federal research agency investments in and 
     engagement with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
       (D) reporting progress toward increasing participation of 
     HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in award programs;
       (2) to the extent practicable, to produce an annual summary 
     of funding opportunities and proposal deadlines targeted at 
     HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including for grants, contracts, 
     subcontracts, and cooperative agreements;
       (3) to the extent practicable, identifying in annual budget 
     requests potential areas for collaboration with HBCUs, TCUs, 
     and MSIs in the relevant fiscal year, including relating to 
     potential meetings and workshops;
       (4) to investigate proposal structures that support broader 
     participation by emerging research institutions, including 
     HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
       (5) to conduct on-site reviews of research facilities at 
     HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, as practicable, and make 
     recommendations regarding strategies for becoming more 
     competitive in research;
       (6) to hold geographically accessible or virtual workshops 
     on research priorities of the Federal research agency and on 
     how to write competitive award proposals and how to bolster 
     award management capacity for the entire award lifecycle, 
     from application to completion;
       (7) to ensure opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to 
     directly communicate with Federal research agency officials 
     responsible for managing competitive award programs in order 
     to receive feedback on research ideas and proposals, 
     including guidance on the Federal research agency's merit 
     review process; and
       (8) to foster mutually beneficial public-private 
     collaboration among Federal research agencies, industry, 
     Federal laboratories, academia, and nonprofit organizations 
     to--
       (A) identify alternative sources of funding for STEM 
     education and research at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
       (B) provide access to high-quality, relevant research 
     experiences for students and faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and 
     MSIs;
       (C) expand the professional networks of students and 
     faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
       (D) broaden STEM educational opportunities for students and 
     faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
       (E) support the transition of students of HBCUs, TCUs, and 
     MSIs into the STEM workforce;
       (c) Strategic Plan.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of 
     Science and Technology Policy, in collaboration with the head 
     of each Federal research agency, shall submit to Congress a 
     report containing a strategic plan which reflects the plans 
     of each Federal research agency to increase the capacity of 
     HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to compete effectively for grants, 
     contracts, or cooperative agreements and to encourage HBCUs, 
     TCUs, and MSIs to participate in Federal programs.
       (2) Considerations.--In developing a strategic plan under 
     paragraph (1), the Director and the head of each Federal 
     research agency shall consider the following:
       (A) Issuing new or expanding existing funding opportunities 
     targeted to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
       (B) Modifying existing research and development program 
     solicitations to incentivize effective partnerships with 
     HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
       (C) Offering planning grants for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to 
     develop or equip grant offices with the requisite depth of 
     knowledge to submit competitive grant proposals and manage 
     awarded grants.
       (D) Offering additional training programs, including 
     individualized and timely guidance to grant officers, 
     faculty, and postdoctoral researchers at HBCUs, TCUs, and 
     MSIs to ensure their understanding of the requirements for an 
     effective grant proposal.
       (E) Other approaches for making current competitive funding 
     models more accessible for underresourced HBCUs, TCUs, and 
     MSIs.
       (d) Report on Policy Guidelines.--Not later than two years 
     after the date of the enactment of this Act and every five 
     years thereafter, the Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy shall report to Congress on the 
     implementation by Federal research agencies of the policy 
     guidelines developed under this section.
       (e) Report on Coordination of Federal STEM Education.--
     Subsection (d) of section 101(d) of the America COMPETES 
     Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (7) by striking ``and'';
       (2) in paragraph (8) by striking the period at the end;
       (3) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(9) an account of Federal research agency investments in 
     HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including, to the degree practicable, 
     data on the level of participation of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs 
     as prime recipients, contractors, subrecipients, or 
     subcontractors of an award, or reasonable estimates thereof; 
     and
       ``(10) a description of material changes to the 
     implementation of section 10522 of the Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.''.

     SEC. 10523. RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
     competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or 
     nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof) to--
       (1) conduct research described in subsection (b) with 
     respect to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
       (2) identify and broadly disseminate effective models for 
     programs and practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs that promote 
     the education and workforce preparation of minority students 
     pursuing STEM studies and careers in which such students are 
     underrepresented.
       (b) Research.--Research described in this subsection is 
     research on the contribution of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to the 
     education and training of underrepresented minority students 
     in STEM fields and to the meeting of national STEM workforce 
     needs, including relating to the following:
       (1) The diversity with respect to local context, cultural 
     differences, and institutional structure among HBCUs, TCUs, 
     and MSIs and any associated impact on education and research 
     endeavors.
       (2) Effective practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and 
     associated outcomes on student recruitment, retention, and 
     advancement in STEM fields, including the ability for 
     students to compete for fellowships, employment, and 
     advancement in the workforce.
       (3) Contributions made by HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to local, 
     regional, and national workforces.
       (4) The challenges and opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and 
     MSIs in attaining the resources needed for integrating 
     effective practices in STEM education, including providing 
     research experiences for underrepresented minority students.
       (5) The access of students at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to STEM 
     infrastructure and any associated outcomes for STEM 
     competency.
       (6) Models of STEM curriculum, learning, and teaching 
     successful at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs for increasing 
     participation, retention, and success of underrepresented 
     minority students.
       (7) Successful or promising partnerships between HBCUs, 
     TCUs, and MSIs and other institutions of higher education, 
     private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal 
     laboratories, and international research institutions.
       (c) Research Experiences.--Awards under this section may 
     fund the development or expansion of opportunities for the 
     exchange of students and faculty to conduct research, 
     facilitate professional development, and provide mentorship, 
     including through partnerships with institutions of higher 
     education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs, private sector 
     and nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and 
     international research institutions.

     SEC. 10524. CAPACITY-BUILDING PROGRAM FOR DEVELOPING 
                   UNIVERSITIES.

       (a) Awards.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
     competitive basis, to eligible institutions described in 
     subsection (b) to support the mission of the Foundation and 
     to build institutional research capacity at eligible 
     institutions.
       (2) Administration.--The Director may administer separate 
     competitions for each category of eligible institution 
     described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of subsection 
     (b)(1) in order to ensure fair competition for institutions 
     with significantly different research capacities.
       (b) Eligible Institutions.--To be eligible to receive an 
     award under this subsection, an entity--
       (1) shall be--
       (A) a historically Black college or university;
       (B) a Tribal College or University;
       (C) a minority-serving institution;
       (D) an institution of higher education with an established 
     STEM capacity-building program focused on Native Hawaiians 
     and Alaska Natives; or
       (E) consortia thereof;
       (2) shall--
       (A) have not more than $50,000,000 in annual federally 
     financed research and development expenditures for science 
     and engineering as reported through the National Science 
     Foundation Higher Education Research and Development Survey; 
     or
       (B) not be an institution classified as having very high 
     research activity by the Carnegie Classification of 
     Institutions of Higher Education.
       (c) Partnerships.--In making awards under this section, the 
     Director shall--
       (1) encourage entities that are consortia of eligible 
     institutions to submit proposals and require such proposals 
     to include a plan for establishing a sustained partnership 
     that is jointly developed and managed, draws from the 
     capacities of each institution, and is mutually beneficial;
       (2) encourage proposals submitted in partnership with the 
     private sector, nonprofit organizations, Federal 
     laboratories, and international research institutions, as 
     appropriate;
       (3) require proposals described in paragraphs (1) and (2) 
     to include a plan to strengthen the administrative and 
     research capacity of the partnering HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs to 
     lead future proposals.
       (d) Very High Research Activity Status Historically Black 
     Colleges and Universities Program.--Awards under this section 
     may be used to enable HBCUs which have

[[Page S3460]]

     high research activity status to achieve very high research 
     activity status, as classified under the Carnegie 
     Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, by 
     enabling--
       (1) faculty professional development;
       (2) stipends for graduate and undergraduate students, and 
     postdoctoral scholars;
       (3) acquisition of laboratory equipment and 
     instrumentation; and
       (4) other activities as necessary to build research 
     capacity.
       (e) Proposals.--To receive an award under this subsection, 
     an eligible institution shall submit an application to the 
     Director at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
     information as the Director may require, including--
       (1) a plan that describes how the eligible institution will 
     establish or expand research office capacity and how such 
     award would be used to--
       (A) conduct an assessment of capacity-building and research 
     infrastructure needs of an eligible institution;
       (B) enhance institutional resources to provide 
     administrative research development support to faculty at an 
     eligible institution;
       (C) bolster the institutional research competitiveness of 
     an eligible institution to support awards made by the 
     Foundation;
       (D) support the acquisition of instrumentation necessary to 
     build research capacity at an eligible institution in 
     research areas directly associated with the Foundation;
       (E) increase capability of an eligible institution to move 
     technology into the marketplace;
       (F) increase engagement with industry to execute research 
     through the SBIR and STTR programs (as such terms are defined 
     in section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)) 
     and direct contracts at an eligible institution;
       (G) enhance STEM curriculum and research training 
     opportunities at the undergraduate, graduate, and 
     postdoctoral levels at an eligible institution;
       (H) further faculty development initiatives and strengthen 
     institutional research training infrastructure, capacity, and 
     competitiveness of an eligible institution;
       (I) address plans and prospects for long-term 
     sustainability of institutional enhancements at an eligible 
     institution resulting from the award including, if 
     applicable, how the award may be leveraged by an eligible 
     institution to build a broader base of support; and
       (J) develop and implement mechanisms for institutions of 
     higher education to partner with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs on 
     STEM education, including the facilitation of student 
     exchanges, course and resource sharing, collaboration, and 
     matriculation of students to either institution's graduate 
     programs, mentoring programs for students and junior faculty, 
     joint research projects, and student access to graduate 
     education; and
       (2) as relevant, a plan, which shall be updated every three 
     years, that describes the institution's strategy to achieve 
     very high research activity status, including making 
     investments with institutional and non-Federal funds, to 
     achieve that status within a decade of the grant award, to 
     the extent practicable.
       (f) MSI Centers of Innovation.--Awards under this section 
     may fund the establishment of not more than five MSI Centers 
     of Innovation to leverage successes of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs 
     in STEM education and research training of underrepresented 
     minority students as models for other institutions, including 
     both HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and institutions of higher 
     education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs. Such centers 
     will be located on campuses of selected HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs, 
     and serve as incubators to allow institutions of higher 
     education to experiment, pilot, evaluate, and scale up 
     promising practices.
       (g) Awards.--Awards made under this subsection shall be for 
     periods of three years and may be extended for periods of not 
     more than five years.
       (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Director $200,000,000 for fiscal 
     year 2023 and $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 
     through 2027 to carry out the activities in this section and 
     section 10523.
       (i) Report on Improving the Research Capacity at High 
     Research Activity Historically Black Colleges and 
     Universities.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the National Science and 
     Technology Council shall prepare and submit a report that--
       (A) identifies challenges and barriers to Federal research 
     and development awards for high research activity status 
     HBCUs; and
       (B) identifies recommendations for Federal research 
     agencies to sustainably boost the research capacity of high 
     research activity status HBCUs through awards-making 
     authorities.
       (2) Report submission.--The National Science and Technology 
     Council shall transmit the report required under paragraph 
     (1) to the Director, the Administrator of the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Secretary of 
     Agriculture, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of 
     Defense, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Health and 
     Human Services, and the heads of other such agencies as 
     determined relevant by the National Science and Technology 
     Council.
       (3) Information from federal agencies.--The National 
     Science and Technology Council may secure directly from a 
     Federal department or agency such information as the National 
     Science and Technology Council considers necessary to prepare 
     the report required under paragraph (1). Upon a request from 
     the National Science and Technology Council, the head of a 
     Federal department or agency shall furnish such information 
     as is requested to the National Science and Technology 
     Council.

     SEC. 10525. TRIBAL COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES PROGRAM.

       (a) Awards to Broaden Tribal College and University Student 
     Participation in Computer Science.--Section 525 of the 
     America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
     1862p-13) is amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(d) Awards to Broaden Tribal College and University 
     Student Participation in Computer Science.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director, as part of the program 
     authorized under this section, shall make awards on a 
     competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible entities to 
     increase the participation of Tribal populations in computer 
     science and computational thinking education programs to 
     enable students to develop skills and competencies in coding, 
     problem-solving, critical thinking, creativity and 
     collaboration.
       ``(2) Purpose.--Awards made under this subsection shall 
     support--
       ``(A) research and development needed to bring computer 
     science and computational thinking courses and degrees to 
     Tribal Colleges or Universities;
       ``(B) research and development of instructional materials 
     needed to integrate computer science and computational 
     thinking into programs that are culturally relevant to 
     students attending Tribal Colleges or Universities;
       ``(C) research, development and evaluation of distance 
     education for computer science and computational thinking 
     courses and degree programs for students attending Tribal 
     Colleges and Universities; and
       ``(D) other activities consistent with the activities 
     described in paragraphs (1) through (4) of subsection (b), as 
     determined by the Director.
       ``(3) Partnerships.--A Tribal College or University seeking 
     an award under this subsection, or consortia thereof, may 
     partner with an institution of higher education or nonprofit 
     organization with demonstrated expertise in academic program 
     development.
       ``(4) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
     Director shall consult and cooperate with the programs and 
     policies of other relevant Federal agencies to avoid 
     duplication with and enhance the effectiveness of the program 
     under this subsection.
       ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Director $2,000,000 in 
     each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027 to carry out this 
     subsection.''.
       (b) Evaluation.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than two years after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Director shall evaluate the 
     award program authorized under section 525 of the America 
     COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13), as 
     amended by subsection (a).
       (2) Requirements.--In conducting the evaluation under 
     paragraph (1), the Director shall, as practicable--
       (A) use a common set of benchmarks and assessment tools to 
     identify best practices and materials developed or 
     demonstrated by the research conducted pursuant to award 
     programs under section 525 of the America COMPETES 
     Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13), as amended 
     by subsection (a);
       (B) include an assessment of the effectiveness of such 
     award programs in expanding access to high quality STEM 
     education, research, and outreach at Tribal Colleges or 
     Universities, as applicable;
       (C) assess the number of students who participated in such 
     award programs; and
       (D) assess the percentage of students participating in such 
     award programs who successfully complete their education 
     programs.
       (3) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on 
     which the evaluation under paragraph (1) is completed, the 
     Director shall submit to Congress and make available to the 
     public, a report on the results of the evaluation, including 
     any recommendations for legislative action that could 
     optimize the effectiveness of the award program authorized 
     under section 525 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
     of 2010, as amended by subsection (a).

     SEC. 10526. DEFINITIONS.

       In this subtitle:
       (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
     the National Science Foundation.
       (2) HBCU.--The term ``HBCU'' has the meaning given the term 
     ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the Higher Education 
     Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
       (3) Minority serving institution.--The term ``minority 
     serving institution'' or ``MSI'' means Hispanic-Serving 
     Institutions as defined in section 502 of the Higher 
     Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a); Alaska Native 
     Serving Institutions and Native Hawaiian-Serving Institutions 
     as defined in section 317 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
     (20 U.S.C. 1059d); and Predominantly Black Institutions, 
     Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving 
     Institutions, and Native American-Serving Nontribal 
     Institutions as defined in section 371 of the Higher 
     Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).

[[Page S3461]]

       (4) TCU.--The term ``TCU'' has the meaning given the term 
     ``Tribal College or University'' in section 316 of the Higher 
     Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).

           Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

     SEC. 10531. FINDINGS.

       Congress makes the following findings:
       (1) According to the report issued by the National 
     Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2018 
     entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and 
     Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and 
     Medicine''--
       (A) sexual harassment is pervasive in institutions of 
     higher education;
       (B) the most common type of sexual harassment is gender 
     harassment;
       (C) 58 percent of individuals in the academic workplace 
     experience sexual harassment, the second highest rate when 
     compared to the military, the private sector, and Federal, 
     State, and local government;
       (D) women who are members of racial or ethnic minority 
     groups are more likely to experience sexual harassment and to 
     feel unsafe at work than White women, White men, or men who 
     are members of such groups;
       (E) the training for each individual who has a Doctor of 
     Philosophy in the science, technology, engineering, and 
     mathematics fields is estimated to cost approximately 
     $500,000; and
       (F) attrition of an individual so trained results in a loss 
     of talent and money.
       (2) According to a 2017 University of Illinois study, among 
     astronomers and planetary scientists, 18 percent of women who 
     are members of racial or ethnic minority groups and 12 
     percent of White women skipped professional events because 
     they did not feel safe attending.
       (3) Reporting procedures with respect to sexual harassment 
     are inconsistent among Federal research agencies and have 
     varying degrees of accessibility.
       (4) There is not adequate communication among Federal 
     research agencies and between such agencies and recipients 
     regarding reports of sexual harassment, which has resulted in 
     harassers receiving Federal funding after moving to a 
     different institution.

     SEC. 10532. PURPOSE.

       The purpose of this subtitle is to increase understanding 
     of the causes and consequences of sex-based and sexual 
     harassment, as discussed in the report issued by the National 
     Academies in 2018 entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: 
     Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, 
     Engineering, and Medicine'', and to advance evidence-based 
     approaches to reduce the prevalence and negative impact of 
     such harassment.

     SEC. 10533. DEFINITION.

       In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director 
     of the National Science Foundation.

     SEC. 10534. RESEARCH AWARDS.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
     competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or 
     nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
     organizations)--
       (1) to expand research efforts to better understand the 
     factors contributing to, and consequences of, sex-based and 
     sexual harassment affecting individuals in the STEM 
     workforce, including students and trainees; and
       (2) to examine approaches to reduce the incidence and 
     negative consequences of such harassment.
       (b) Use of Funds.--Activities funded by an award under this 
     section may include--
       (1) research on the sex-based and sexual harassment 
     experiences of individuals, including in racial and ethnic 
     minority groups, disabled individuals, foreign nationals, 
     sexual-minority individuals, and others;
       (2) development and assessment of policies, procedures, 
     trainings, and interventions, with respect to sex-based and 
     sexual harassment, conflict management, and ways to foster 
     respectful and inclusive climates;
       (3) research on approaches for remediating the negative 
     impacts and outcomes of such harassment on individuals 
     experiencing such harassment;
       (4) support for institutions of higher education or 
     nonprofit organizations to develop, adapt, implement, and 
     assess the impact of innovative, evidence-based strategies, 
     policies, and approaches to policy implementation to prevent 
     and address sex-based and sexual harassment;
       (5) research on alternatives to the power dynamics, 
     hierarchical, and dependent relationships, including but not 
     limited to the mentor-mentee relationship, in academia that 
     have been shown to create higher levels of risk for and lower 
     levels of reporting of sex- based and sexual harassment; and
       (6) establishing a center for the ongoing compilation, 
     management, and analysis of organizational climate survey 
     data.

     SEC. 10535. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT GUIDE.

       (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
     agreement with the National Academies to update the report 
     entitled ``On Being a Scientist: A Guide to Responsible 
     Conduct in Research'' issued by the National Academies. The 
     report, as so updated, shall include--
       (1) updated professional standards of conduct in research;
       (2) promising practices for preventing, addressing, and 
     mitigating the negative impact of sex-based and sexual 
     harassment, to include--
       (A) standards of treatment individuals can expect to 
     receive under updated standards of conduct;
       (B) evidence-based practices for fostering a climate 
     intolerant of sex-based, sexual, and other forms of 
     harassment;
       (C) methods, including bystander intervention, for 
     identifying and addressing incidents of such harassment; and
       (D) professional standards for mentorship and teaching with 
     an emphasis on power diffusion mechanisms and preventing such 
     harassment; and
       (3) promising practices for mitigating potential security 
     risks that threaten research security.
       (b) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the effective 
     date of the agreement under subsection (a), the National 
     Academies, as part of such agreement, shall submit to the 
     Director and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
     of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
     Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate the 
     report referred to in such subparagraph, as updated pursuant 
     to such subparagraph.

     SEC. 10536. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

       (a) In General.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy, acting through the National Science and 
     Technology Council, shall establish or designate an 
     interagency working group for the purpose of coordinating 
     Federal research agency efforts to reduce the prevalence of 
     sex-based and sexual harassment involving award personnel. In 
     coordination with the working group on inclusion in STEM 
     fields established under section 308 of the American 
     Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 6626) and the 
     Safe Inclusive Research Environments Subcommittee of the 
     National Science and Technology Council, and in consultation 
     with representatives from each Federal research agency, the 
     Office for Civil Rights at the Department of Health and Human 
     Services, the Office for Civil Rights at the Department of 
     Education, and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 
     the working group shall--
       (1) not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 
     of this Act, submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology, the Committee on Education and Labor, and the 
     Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
     Transportation and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, 
     and Pensions of the Senate an inventory of Federal research 
     agency policies, procedures, and resources dedicated to 
     preventing and responding to reports of sex-based and sexual 
     harassment;
       (2) not later than 6 months after the date on which the 
     inventory is submitted under paragraph (1)--
       (A) in consultation with outside stakeholders, develop a 
     consistent set of policy guidelines for Federal research 
     agencies; and
       (B) submit a report to the committees referred to in 
     paragraph (1) containing such guidelines;
       (3) encourage and monitor efforts of Federal research 
     agencies to develop or maintain and implement policies based 
     on the guidelines developed under paragraph (2);
       (4) not later than 1 year after the date on which the 
     inventory under paragraph (1) is submitted, and every 5 years 
     thereafter, the Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy shall report to Congress on the 
     implementation by Federal research agencies of the policy 
     guidelines developed under paragraph (2); and
       (5) update such policy guidelines as needed.
       (b) Requirements.--In developing policy guidelines under 
     subsection (a)(2), the Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy shall include guidelines that require, to 
     the extent practicable--
       (1) recipients to submit to the Federal research agency or 
     agencies from which the recipients receive funding reports 
     relating to--
       (A) any decision made to launch a formal investigation of 
     sex-based or sexual harassment, including bullying, 
     retaliation, or hostile working conditions by, or of, award 
     personnel;
       (B) administrative action, related to an allegation against 
     award personnel of any such harassment, as set forth in 
     organizational policies or codes of conduct, statutes, 
     regulations, or executive orders, that affects the ability of 
     award personnel or their trainees to carry out the activities 
     of the award;
       (C) the total number of investigations with no findings or 
     determinations of misconduct including such harassment;
       (D) findings or determinations of such harassment, as set 
     forth in organizational policies or codes of conduct, 
     statutes, regulations, or Executive orders by, or of, award 
     personnel, including the final disposition of a matter 
     involving a violation of organizational policies and 
     processes, to include the exhaustion of permissible appeals, 
     or a determination of a sexual offense in a court of law, or 
     any other disciplinary action taken;
       (2) the sharing, updating, and archiving of reports of sex- 
     based and sexual harassment from recipients submitted under 
     paragraph (1) with relevant Federal research agencies, on a 
     yearly basis and by agency request; and
       (3) consistency among Federal research agencies with regard 
     to the policies and procedures for receiving reports 
     submitted pursuant to paragraph (1).
       (4) FERPA.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines and 
     requirements are consistent with the requirements of section

[[Page S3462]]

     444 of the General Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1232g) 
     (commonly referred to as the ``Family Educational Rights and 
     Privacy Act of 1974'').
       (5) Privacy protections.--The Director of the Office of 
     Science and Technology Policy shall ensure that such 
     guidelines and requirements--
       (A) do not infringe upon the privacy rights of individuals 
     associated with reports submitted to Federal research 
     agencies; and
       (B) do not require recipients to provide interim reports to 
     Federal research agencies.
       (c) Considerations.--In carrying out subsection (a)(2), the 
     Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall 
     consider issuing guidelines that require or incent--
       (1) recipients to periodically assess their organizational 
     climate, which may include the use of climate surveys, focus 
     groups, or exit interviews;
       (2) recipients to publish on a publicly available internet 
     website the results of assessments conducted pursuant to 
     paragraph (1), disaggregated by sex and, if practicable, 
     race, ethnicity, disability status, and sexual orientation, 
     and in a manner that does not include personally identifiable 
     information;
       (3) recipients to make public on an annual basis the number 
     of reports of sex-based and sexual harassment at that 
     institution or organization;
       (4) recipients to regularly assess and improve policies, 
     procedures, and interventions to reduce the prevalence of and 
     improve the reporting of sex-based and sexual harassment;
       (5) each entity applying for a research and development 
     award certify that a code of conduct is in place for 
     maintaining a healthy and welcoming workplace for award 
     personnel and posted on their public website;
       (6) each recipient and Federal research agency to have in 
     place mechanisms for addressing the needs of individuals who 
     have experienced sex-based and sexual harassment, including 
     those individuals seeking to reintegrate at the recipient 
     entity; and
       (7) recipients to work to create a climate intolerant of 
     sex- based and sexual harassment and that values and promotes 
     diversity and inclusion.
       (d) Federal Research Agency Implementation.--Not later than 
     270 days after receiving the guidelines under paragraph 
     (a)(2), each Federal research agency shall--
       (1) develop or maintain and implement policies with respect 
     to sex-based and sexual harassment that are consistent with 
     policy guidelines under subsection (a)(2) and that protect 
     the privacy of all parties involved in any report and 
     investigation of sex-based or sexual harassment, to the 
     maximum extent practicable; and
       (2) broadly disseminate such policies to current and 
     potential recipients of research and development awards made 
     by such agency.

     SEC. 10537. NATIONAL ACADEMIES ASSESSMENT.

       Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this 
     Act, the Director shall enter into an agreement with the 
     National Academies to undertake a study and issue a report on 
     the influence of sex-based and sexual harassment in 
     institutions of higher education on the career advancement of 
     individuals in the STEM workforce. The study shall assess--
       (1) the state of research on sex-based and sexual 
     harassment in such workforce;
       (2) whether research demonstrates a decrease in the 
     prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment in such 
     workforce;
       (3) the progress made with respect to implementing 
     recommendations promulgated in the National Academies 
     consensus study report entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: 
     Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, 
     Engineering, and Medicine'';
       (4) where to focus future efforts with respect to 
     decreasing the prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment 
     in such institutions, including specific recommendations; and
       (5) other recommendations and issues, as the National 
     Academies determines appropriate.

     SEC. 10538. GAO STUDY.

       Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this 
     division, the Comptroller General of the United States 
     shall--
       (1) complete a study that assesses the degree to which 
     Federal research agencies have implemented the policy 
     guidelines developed under section 10536(a)(2) and the 
     effectiveness of that implementation; and
       (2) submit a report to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
     on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on the 
     results of such study, including recommendations on potential 
     changes to practices and policies to improve those guidelines 
     and that implementation.

     SEC. 10539. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       There is authorized to be appropriated to the Director to 
     carry out this subtitle, $32,500,000.

       TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

            Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

     SEC. 10601. EARLY-CAREER RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

       (a) In General.--The Director of the National Science 
     Foundation may establish a 2-year pilot program to make 
     awards to highly qualified early-career investigators to 
     carry out an independent research program at the institution 
     of higher education or participating Federal research 
     facility chosen by such investigator, to last for a period 
     not greater than two years.
       (b) Selection Process.--The Director of the National 
     Science Foundation shall select recipients under subsection 
     (a) from among citizens, nationals, and lawfully admitted 
     permanent resident aliens of the United States.
       (c) Outreach.--The Director of the National Science 
     Foundation shall conduct program outreach to recruit 
     fellowship applicants--
       (1) from all regions of the country;
       (2) from historically underrepresented populations in the 
     fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; 
     and
       (3) who graduate from or intend to carry out research at a 
     variety of types of institutions of higher education, 
     including--
       (A) historically Black colleges and universities;
       (B) Tribal Colleges and Universities;
       (C) minority-serving institutions;
       (D) institutions of higher education that are not among the 
     top 50 institutions in annual Federal funding for research; 
     and
       (E) EPSCoR institutions.
       (d) Special Consideration.--The Director of the National 
     Science Foundation shall give special consideration and 
     priority to an application from an individual who graduated 
     from or is intending to carry out research at an institution 
     of the type specified in subsection (c)(3).
       (e) Reports From Fellows.--Not later than 180 days after 
     the end of the pilot program under this section, each early-
     career investigator who receives an award under the pilot 
     program shall submit to the Director of the National Science 
     Foundation a report that describes how the early-career 
     investigator used the award funds.
       (f) Report From the Director.--Not later than 90 days after 
     the conclusion of the second year of the pilot program, the 
     Director of the National Science Foundation shall submit to 
     Congress a report that includes the following:
       (1) A summary of the uses of award funds under this section 
     and the impact of the pilot program under this section.
       (2) Statistical summary data on fellowship awardees 
     disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, geography, age, years 
     since completion of doctoral degree, and institution type.
       (3) If determined effective, a plan for permanent 
     implementation of the pilot program.

     SEC. 10602. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        There is authorized to be appropriated to the Director of 
     the National Science Foundation $250,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2024 to carry out the activities in 
     this subtitle.

          Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

     SEC. 10611. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

       Section 206 of the National Science and Technology Policy, 
     Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615) is 
     amended to read as follows:

     ``SEC. 206. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

       ``(a) In General.--Not later than December 31 of the year 
     immediately after the calendar year in which a review under 
     section 206B is completed, the Director of the Office of 
     Science and Technology Policy shall, in coordination with the 
     National Science and Technology Council, develop and submit 
     to Congress a comprehensive national science and technology 
     strategy of the United States to meet national research and 
     development objectives for the following 4-year period (in 
     this section referred to as `the national science and 
     technology strategy').
       ``(b) Requirements.--In developing each national science 
     and technology strategy described in subsection (a), the 
     Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
     shall--
       ``(1) consider--
       ``(A) the recommendations and priorities developed by the 
     review under section 206B;
       ``(B) the most recently published interim or final national 
     security strategy report submitted pursuant to section 108 of 
     the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3043);
       ``(C) other relevant national plans, reports, and 
     strategies; and
       ``(D) the strategic plans of relevant Federal departments 
     and agencies; and
       ``(2) include a description of--
       ``(A) strategic objectives and research priorities 
     necessary to maintain and advance--
       ``(i) the leadership of the United States in science and 
     technology, including in the key technology focus areas, 
     including near-term, medium-term, and long-term economic 
     competitiveness; and
       ``(ii) the leadership of the United States in technologies 
     required to address societal and national challenges, 
     including a transition to a circular economy;
       ``(B) programs, policies, and activities that the President 
     recommends across all Federal departments and agencies to 
     achieve the strategic objectives and research priorities 
     described in subparagraph (A);
       ``(C) plans to promote sustainability practices and 
     strategies for increasing jobs in the United States;
       ``(D) global trends in science and technology, including 
     potential threats to the leadership of the United States in 
     science

[[Page S3463]]

     and technology and opportunities for international 
     collaboration in science and technology; and
       ``(E) plans to foster the development of international 
     partnerships to reinforce domestic policy actions, build new 
     markets, engage in collaborative research, and create an 
     international environment that reflects United States values 
     and protects United States interests.
       ``(c) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science 
     and Technology Policy shall consult as necessary with the 
     Office of Management and Budget and other appropriate 
     elements of the Executive Office of the President to ensure 
     that the recommendations and priorities delineated in the 
     science and technology strategy are incorporated in the 
     development of annual budget requests.
       ``(d) Bi-Annual Briefing to Congress.--The Director of the 
     Office of Science and Technology Policy shall provide on a 
     bi-annual basis, after each release of the national science 
     and technology strategy, a briefing to the relevant 
     congressional committees, which may include updates on the 
     following:
       ``(1) The status and development of the national science 
     and technology strategy, including any significant changes.
       ``(2) The implementation of the national science and 
     technology strategy.
       ``(3) Any other information about the national science and 
     technology strategy, as determined by the Director of the 
     Office of Science and Technology Policy.
       ``(e) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science 
     and Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection 
     of national security and other sensitive matters to the 
     maximum extent practicable, make each national science and 
     technology strategy publicly available on an internet website 
     of the Office. Each report may include a classified annex if 
     the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
     determines such is appropriate.
       ``(f) Termination.--This section terminates on the date 
     that is ten years after the date of the enactment of this 
     section.''.

     SEC. 10612. STRATEGY AND REPORT ON THE NATION'S ECONOMIC 
                   SECURITY, SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND INNOVATION TO 
                   SUPPORT THE NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Foreign country of concern.--The term ``foreign country 
     of concern'' means the People's Republic of China, the 
     Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Russian 
     Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any other 
     country determined to be a country of concern by the 
     Department of State.
       (2) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity 
     of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
       (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the 
     Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the Immigration 
     and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
       (B) included on the list of specially designated nationals 
     and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign 
     Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury (commonly 
     known as the SDN list);
       (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction 
     or direction of a government of a foreign country that is a 
     covered nation (as such term is defined in section 4872 of 
     title 10, United States Code);
       (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been involved 
     in activities for which a conviction was obtained under--
       (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States Code (commonly 
     known as the Espionage Act);
       (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, United States Code;
       (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States Code (commonly 
     known as the Economic Espionage Act of 1996);
       (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.);
       (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of the Atomic Energy 
     Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);
       (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 
     et seq.); or
       (vii) the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
     U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
       (E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director 
     of National Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized 
     conduct that is detrimental to the national security or 
     foreign policy of the United States.
       (3) National security strategy.--The term ``national 
     security strategy'' means the national security strategy 
     required under section 108 of the National Security Act of 
     1947 (50 U.S.C. 3043).
       (b) Strategy and Report.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the 
     transmission of each national security strategy under section 
     108(a) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
     3043(a)), the President, acting through the Director of the 
     Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall, in 
     coordination with the National Science and Technology 
     Council, the National Security Council, the Director of the 
     National Economic Council, and the heads of such other 
     relevant Federal agencies as the Director of the Office of 
     Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate and in 
     consultation with such nongovernmental partners as the 
     Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
     considers appropriate--
       (A) review such strategy, including the national defense 
     strategy under subsection (g) of section 113 of title 10, 
     United States Code, and the national science and technology 
     strategy under section 206 of the National Science and 
     Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 
     (42 U.S.C. 6615), programs, and resources as the Director of 
     the Office of Science and Technology Policy determines 
     pertain to United States' national competitiveness in 
     science, technology, research, innovation, and technology 
     transfer activities, including patenting and licensing, that 
     support the national security strategy;
       (B) develop or revise a national strategy to improve the 
     national competitiveness of United States science, 
     technology, research, and innovation to support the national 
     security strategy; and
       (C) submit to Congress--
       (i) a report on the findings of the Director of the Office 
     of Science and Technology Policy with respect to the review 
     conducted pursuant to subparagraph (A); and
       (ii) the strategy developed or revised pursuant to 
     subparagraph (B).
       (2) Termination.--This subsection terminates on the date 
     that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
       (c) Elements.--
       (1) Report.--Each report submitted under subsection 
     (b)(1)(C)(i) shall include the following:
       (A) An assessment of the efforts of the United States 
     Government to preserve United States leadership in key 
     emerging technologies and prevent United States strategic 
     competitors from leveraging advanced technologies to gain 
     strategic military or economic advantages over the United 
     States.
       (B) An assessment of public and private investment in 
     science and technology relevant to national security 
     purposes, and the implications of such for the geostrategic 
     position of the United States.
       (C) A description of the prioritized economic security 
     interests and objectives.
       (D) An assessment of global trends in science and 
     technology, including potential threats to the national 
     security of the United States in science and technology.
       (E) An assessment of the national debt and its implications 
     for the economic and national security of the United States.
       (F) An assessment of how regional innovation capacity 
     efforts in STEM fields are contributing and could contribute 
     to the national security the United States, including 
     programs run by State and local governments.
       (G) An assessment of the following:
       (i) Workforce needs for competitiveness in technology areas 
     identified in the national security strategy.
       (ii) Any efforts needed to expand pathways into technology 
     fields to achieve the goals of the national security 
     strategy.
       (H) An assessment of barriers to the development, 
     evolution, or competitiveness of start-ups, small and mid-
     sized business entities, and industries that are critical to 
     national security.
       (I) An assessment of the effectiveness of the Federal 
     Government, federally funded research and development 
     centers, and national laboratories in supporting and 
     promoting the technology commercialization and technology 
     transfer of technologies critical to national security.
       (J) An assessment of manufacturing capacity, logistics, and 
     supply chain dynamics of major export sectors that are 
     critical to national security, including access to a skilled 
     workforce, physical infrastructure, and broadband network 
     infrastructure.
       (K) An assessment of how the Federal Government is 
     increasing the participation of underrepresented populations 
     in science, research, innovation, and manufacturing.
       (L) An assessment of public-private partnerships in 
     technology commercialization in support of national security, 
     including--
       (i) the structure of current defense technology research 
     and commercialization arrangements with regard to public-
     private partnerships; and
       (ii) the extent to which intellectual property developed 
     with Federal defense funding--

       (I) is being used to manufacture in the United States 
     rather than in other countries; and
       (II) is being used by foreign business entities that are 
     majority owned or controlled (as such term is defined in 
     section 800.208 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
     a successor regulation), or minority owned greater than 25 
     percent by--

       (aa) any governmental organization of a foreign country of 
     concern; or
       (bb) any other entity that is--
       (AA) known to be owned or controlled by any governmental 
     organization of a foreign country of concern; or
       (BB) organized under, or otherwise subject to, the laws of 
     a foreign country of concern.
       (M) Recommendations to enhance the ability of the Federal 
     Government to recruit into Federal service and retain in such 
     service individuals with critical skills relevant to national 
     security.
       (N) Recommendations for policies to protect United States 
     leadership and the allies of the United States in critical 
     areas relevant to national security through targeted export 
     controls, investment screening, and counterintelligence 
     activities.
       (O) Informed by the interagency process established under 
     section 1758 of the Export Control Reform Act of 2018, a 
     technology annex, which may be classified, describing an 
     integrated and enduring approach to the identification, 
     prioritization, development,

[[Page S3464]]

     and fielding of emerging technologies relevant to national 
     security.
       (2) Strategy.--Each strategy submitted under subsection 
     (b)(1)(C)(ii) shall, to the extent practicable, include the 
     following:
       (A) A plan to utilize available tools to address or 
     minimize the leading threats and challenges and to take 
     advantage of the leading opportunities, particularly in 
     regards to technologies central to international competition 
     in science and technology relevant to national security 
     purposes, including the following:
       (i) Specific objectives, tasks, metrics, and milestones for 
     each relevant Federal agency.
       (ii) Strategic objectives and priorities necessary to 
     maintain the leadership of the United States in science and 
     technology relevant to national security purposes, including 
     near-term, medium-term, and long-term research priorities.
       (iii) Specific plans to safeguard research and technology 
     funded, as appropriate, in whole or in part, by the Federal 
     Government, including in technologies critical to national 
     security, from theft or exfiltration by foreign entities of 
     concern.
       (iv) Specific plans to support public and private sector 
     investment in research, technology development, education and 
     workforce development, and domestic manufacturing supportive 
     of the national security of the United States and to foster 
     the use of public-private partnerships.
       (v) A description of the following:

       (I) How the strategy submitted under subsection 
     (b)(1)(C)(ii) supports the national security strategy.
       (II) How the strategy submitted under such subsection is 
     integrated and coordinated with the most recent--

       (aa) national defense strategy under subsection (g) of 
     section 113 of title 10, United States Code; and
       (bb) national science and technology strategy under section 
     206 of the National Science and Technology Policy, 
     Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615).
       (vi) A plan to encourage the governments of countries that 
     are allies or partners of the United States to cooperate with 
     the execution of such strategy, where appropriate.
       (vii) A plan for strengthening the industrial base of the 
     United States.
       (viii) A plan to remove or update overly burdensome or 
     outdated Federal regulations, as appropriate.
       (ix) A plan--

       (I) to further incentivize industry participation in 
     public-private partnerships for the purposes of accelerating 
     technology research and commercialization in support of 
     national security, including alternate ways of accounting for 
     in-kind contributions and valuing partially manufactured 
     products;
       (II) to ensure that intellectual property developed with 
     Federal funding is commercialized in the United States; and
       (III) to ensure, to the maximum appropriate extent, that 
     intellectual property developed with Federal funding is not 
     being used by foreign business entities that are majority 
     owned or controlled (as such term is defined in section 
     800.208 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations, or a 
     successor regulation), or minority owned greater than 25 
     percent by--

       (aa) any governmental organization of a foreign country of 
     concern; or
       (bb) any other entity that is--
       (AA) known to be owned or controlled by any governmental 
     organization of a foreign country of concern; or
       (BB) organized under, or otherwise subject to, the laws of 
     a foreign country of concern.
       (x) An identification of additional resources, 
     administrative action, or legislative action recommended to 
     assist with the implementation of such strategy.
       (d) Research and Development Funding.--The Director of the 
     Office of Science and Technology Policy shall, as the 
     Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
     considers necessary, consult with the Director of the Office 
     of Management and Budget and with the heads of such other 
     elements of the Executive Office of the President as the 
     Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
     considers appropriate to ensure the recommendations and 
     priorities with respect to research and development funding 
     relevant to national security, as expressed in the most 
     recent report and strategy submitted under subsection 
     (b)(1)(C) are incorporated into the development of annual 
     budget requests for Federal research agencies.
       (e) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of 
     national security and other sensitive matters and to the 
     maximum extent practicable, make each report submitted under 
     subsection (b)(1)(C)(i) publicly available on an internet 
     website of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. Each 
     such report may include a classified annex if the Director of 
     the Office of Science and Technology Policy determines such 
     is appropriate.

     SEC. 10613. QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

       The National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, 
     and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is 
     amended by inserting after section 206 the following new 
     section:

     ``SEC. 206B. QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

       ``(a) Requirements.--
       ``(1) Quadrennial reviews required.--Not later than 
     December 31, 2023, and every four years thereafter, the 
     Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall 
     complete a review of the science and technology enterprise of 
     the United States (in this section referred to as the 
     `quadrennial science and technology review').
       ``(2) Scope.--The quadrennial science and technology review 
     shall be a comprehensive examination of the science and 
     technology strategy of the United States, including 
     recommendations for maintaining global leadership in science 
     and technology and advancing science and technology to 
     address the societal and national challenges and guidance 
     regarding the coordination of programs, assets, capabilities, 
     budget, policies, and authorities across all Federal research 
     and development programs.
       ``(3) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science 
     and Technology Policy shall conduct each quadrennial science 
     and technology review in consultation with the following:
       ``(A) The National Science and Technology Council.
       ``(B) The President's Council of Advisors on Science and 
     Technology.
       ``(C) The National Science Board.
       ``(D) The National Security Council.
       ``(E) The heads of other relevant Federal agencies.
       ``(F) Other relevant governmental and nongovernmental 
     entities, including representatives from industry, 
     institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, 
     Members of Congress, and other policy experts.
       ``(4) Coordination.--The Director of the Office of Science 
     and Technology Policy shall ensure that each quadrennial 
     science and technology review is coordinated with other 
     relevant statutorily required reviews, and to the maximum 
     extent practicable incorporates information and 
     recommendations from existing reviews to avoid duplication.
       ``(b) Contents.--In each quadrennial science and technology 
     review, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
     Policy shall--
       ``(1) provide an integrated view of, and recommendations 
     for, science and technology policy across the Federal 
     Government, while considering economic and national security 
     and other societal and national challenges;
       ``(2) assess and recommend priorities for research, 
     development, and demonstration programs to maintain United 
     States leadership in science and technology, including in 
     manufacturing and industrial innovation;
       ``(3) assess and recommend priorities for research, 
     development, and demonstration programs to address societal 
     and national challenges;
       ``(4) assess the global competition in science and 
     technology and identify potential threats to the leadership 
     of the United States in science and technology and 
     opportunities for international collaboration;
       ``(5) assess and make recommendations on the science, 
     technology, engineering, mathematics, and computer science 
     workforce of the United States;
       ``(6) assess and make recommendations to improve regional 
     innovation across the United States;
       ``(7) identify and assess sectors critical for the long-
     term resilience of United States innovation leadership across 
     design, manufacturing, supply chains, and markets;
       ``(8) assess and make recommendations to improve 
     translation of basic and applied research and the enhancement 
     of technology transfer of federally funded research;
       ``(9) identify, assess, and make recommendations to address 
     science and technology gaps that would not be met without 
     Federal investment;
       ``(10) review administrative and legislative policies and 
     funding opportunities that affect private sector science and 
     technology activities, and identify and make recommendations 
     regarding policies that maintain and grow the participation 
     and competitiveness of small- and medium-sized businesses;
       ``(11) assess and identify the infrastructure and tools 
     needed to maintain the leadership of the United States in 
     science and technology and address other societal and 
     national challenges; and
       ``(12) review administrative or legislative policies that 
     affect the science and technology enterprise and identify and 
     make recommendations regarding policies that hinder research 
     and development in the United States.
       ``(c) Reporting.--
       ``(1) In general.--Not later than December 31 of the year 
     in which a quadrennial science and technology review is 
     conducted, the Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy shall submit to Congress a report relating 
     to such review.
       ``(2) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science 
     and Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection 
     of national security and other sensitive matters to the 
     maximum extent practicable, make each report submitted under 
     paragraph (1) publicly available on an internet website of 
     the Office of Science and Technology Policy. Each report may 
     include a classified annex if the Director of the Office of 
     Science and Technology Policy determines such appropriate.
       ``(d) Termination.--This section shall terminate on the 
     date that is ten years after the date of the enactment of 
     this section.''.

                    Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

     SEC. 10621. REGIONAL INNOVATION CAPACITY.

       (a) In General.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation 
     Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is 
     amended--

[[Page S3465]]

       (1) by redesignating section 28 as section 30; and
       (2) by inserting after section 27 the following:

     ``SEC. 28. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION HUB PROGRAM.

       ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
     `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
       ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
     Transportation, the Committee on Environment and Public 
     Works, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
       ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and 
     the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
     Representatives.
       ``(2) Cooperative extension services.--The term 
     `cooperative extension services' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 1404 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 
     (7 U.S.C. 3103).
       ``(3) Site connectivity infrastructure.--The term `site 
     connectivity infrastructure' means localized driveways and 
     access roads to a facility as well as hookups to the new 
     facility for drinking water, waste water, broadband, and 
     other basic infrastructure services already present in the 
     area.
       ``(4) Venture development organization.--The term `venture 
     development organization' has the meaning given such term in 
     section 27(a) of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
     3722(a)).
       ``(5) Community development financial institution.--The 
     term `community development financial institution' has the 
     meaning given in section 103 of the Community Development 
     Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 
     4702).
       ``(6) Minority depository institution.--The term `minority 
     depository institution' means an entity that is--
       ``(A) a minority depository institution, as defined in 
     section 308 of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, 
     and Enforcement Act of 1989 (12 U.S.C. 1463 note); or
       ``(B) considered to be a minority depository institution 
     by--
       ``(i) the appropriate Federal banking agency; or
       ``(ii) the National Credit Union Administration, in the 
     case of an insured credit union.
       ``(7) Low population state.--The term `low population 
     State' means a State without an urbanized area with a 
     population greater than 250,000 as reported in the decennial 
     census.
       ``(8) Small and rural communities.--The term `small and 
     rural community' means a noncore area, a micropolitan area, 
     or a small metropolitan statistical area with a population of 
     not more than 250,000.
       ``(b) Regional Technology and Innovation Hub Program.--
       ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
     appropriations, the Secretary shall carry out a program--
       ``(A) to encourage new and constructive collaborations 
     among local, State, Tribal, and Federal government entities, 
     institutions of higher education, the private sector, 
     economic development organizations, labor organizations, 
     nonprofit organizations, and community organizations that 
     promote broad-based regional innovation initiatives;
       ``(B) to support eligible consortia in the development and 
     implementation of regional innovation strategies;
       ``(C) to designate eligible consortia as regional 
     technology and innovation hubs and facilitate activities by 
     consortia designated as regional technology and innovation 
     hubs in implementing their regional innovation strategies--
       ``(i) to enable United States leadership in technology and 
     innovation sectors critical to national and economic 
     security;
       ``(ii) to support regional economic development and 
     resilience, including in small cities and rural areas, and 
     promote increased geographic diversity of innovation across 
     the United States;
       ``(iii) to promote the benefits of technology development 
     and innovation for all Americans, including underserved 
     communities and vulnerable communities;
       ``(iv) to support the modernization and expansion of United 
     States manufacturing based on advances in technology and 
     innovation;
       ``(v) to support domestic job creation and broad-based 
     economic growth; and
       ``(vi) to improve the pace of market readiness, industry 
     maturation, and overall commercialization and domestic 
     production of innovative research;
       ``(D) to ensure that the regional technology and innovation 
     hubs address the intersection of emerging technologies and 
     either regional challenges or national challenges; and
       ``(E) to conduct ongoing research, evaluation, analysis, 
     and dissemination of best practices for regional development 
     and competitiveness in technology and innovation.
       ``(2) Awards.--The Secretary shall carry out the program 
     required by paragraph (1) through the award of the following:
       ``(A) Strategy development grants or cooperative agreements 
     to eligible consortia under subsection (e).
       ``(B) Strategy implementation grants or cooperative 
     agreements to regional technology and innovation hubs under 
     subsection (f).
       ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry out this 
     section through the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for 
     Economic Development in coordination with the Under Secretary 
     of Commerce for Standards and Technology.
       ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, an 
     eligible consortium is a consortium that--
       ``(1) includes 1 or more of each of the following--
       ``(A) institutions of higher education, which may include 
     Historically Black Colleges and Universities, Tribal Colleges 
     or Universities, and minority-serving institutions;
       ``(B) State, territorial, local, or Tribal governments or 
     other political subdivisions of a State, including State and 
     local agencies, or a consortium thereof;
       ``(C) industry or firms in relevant technology, innovation, 
     or manufacturing sectors;
       ``(D) economic development organizations or similar 
     entities that are focused primarily on improving science, 
     technology, innovation, entrepreneurship, or access to 
     capital; and
       ``(E) labor organizations or workforce training 
     organizations, which may include State and local workforce 
     development boards as established under sections 101 and 107 
     of the Workforce Investment and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
     3111; 3122); and
       ``(2) may include 1 or more--
       ``(A) economic development entities with relevant 
     expertise, including a district organization (as defined in 
     section 300.3 of title 13, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
     successor regulation);
       ``(B) organizations that contribute to increasing the 
     participation of underserved populations in science, 
     technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship;
       ``(C) venture development organizations;
       ``(D) organizations that promote local economic stability, 
     high-wage domestic jobs, and broad-based economic 
     opportunities, such as employee ownership membership 
     associations and State or local employee ownerships and 
     cooperative development centers, financial institutions and 
     investment funds, including community development financial 
     institutions and minority depository institutions;
       ``(E) elementary schools and secondary schools, including 
     area career and technical education schools (as defined in 
     section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical 
     Education Act of 2006 (29 U.S.C. 2302);
       ``(F) National Laboratories (as defined in section 2 of the 
     Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
       ``(G) Federal laboratories;
       ``(H) Manufacturing extension centers;
       ``(I) Manufacturing USA institutes;
       ``(J) transportation planning organizations;
       ``(K) a cooperative extension services;
       ``(L) organizations that represent the perspectives of 
     underserved communities in economic development initiatives; 
     and
       ``(M) institutions receiving an award under section 10388 
     of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation 
     Act.
       ``(d) Designation of Regional Technology and Innovation 
     Hubs.--
       ``(1) In general.--In carrying out subsection (b)(1)(C), 
     the Secretary shall use a competitive, merit-review process 
     to designate eligible consortia as regional technology and 
     innovation hubs.
       ``(2) Distribution.--In conducting the competitive process 
     under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure geographic 
     and demographic diversity in the designation of regional 
     technology hubs by, subject to available appropriations, 
     designating at least 20 technology hubs, and--
       ``(A) seeking to designate at least three technology hubs 
     in each region covered by a regional office of the Economic 
     Development Administration, while--
       ``(i) ensuring that not fewer than one-third of eligible 
     consortia so designated as regional technology hubs 
     significantly benefit a small and rural community, which may 
     include a State or territory described in clauses (ii) and 
     (iii);
       ``(ii) ensuring that not fewer than one-third of eligible 
     consortia so designated as regional technology hubs include 
     as a member of the eligible consortia at least 1 member that 
     is a State or territory that is eligible to receive funding 
     from the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
     Research of the National Science Foundation; and
       ``(iii) ensuring that at least one eligible consortium so 
     designated as a regional technology hub is headquartered in a 
     low population State that is eligible to receive funding from 
     the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research of 
     the National Science Foundation;
       ``(B) seeking to designate an additional two regional 
     technology hubs based on selection factors which shall 
     include likelihood of success and may include regional 
     factors such as the extent to which the regional technology 
     and innovation hub significantly engages and benefits 
     underserved communities in and near metropolitan areas;
       ``(C) encouraging eligible consortia to leverage 
     institutions of higher education serving populations 
     historically underrepresented in STEM, including historically 
     Black Colleges and Universities, Tribal Colleges or 
     Universities, and minority-serving institutions to 
     significantly benefit an area or region; and
       ``(D) encouraging proposals from eligible consortia that 
     would significantly benefit an area or region whose economy 
     significantly relies on or has recently relied on coal, oil, 
     or natural gas production or development.

[[Page S3466]]

       ``(3) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary 
     shall not require an eligible consortium to receive a grant 
     or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order to be 
     designated as a regional technology and innovation hub under 
     paragraph (1) of this subsection.
       ``(e) Strategy Development Grants and Cooperative 
     Agreements.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive, 
     merit-review process to award grants or cooperative 
     agreements to eligible consortia for the development of 
     regional innovation strategies.
       ``(2) Number of recipients.--Subject to availability of 
     appropriations, the Secretary shall seek to award a grant or 
     cooperative agreement under paragraph (1) to not fewer than 
     60 eligible consortia.
       ``(3) Geographic diversity and representation.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out paragraph 
     (1) in a manner that ensures geographic diversity and 
     representation from communities of differing populations.
       ``(B) Awards to small and rural communities.--In carrying 
     out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
       ``(i) award not fewer than one-third of the grants and 
     cooperative agreements under such paragraph to eligible 
     consortia that significantly benefit a small and rural 
     community, which may include a State described in clause 
     (ii); and
       ``(ii) award not fewer than one-third of the grants and 
     cooperative agreements under such paragraph to eligible 
     consortia that include as a member of the eligible consortia 
     at least 1 member that is a State or territory that is 
     eligible to receive funding from the Established Program to 
     Stimulate Competitive Research of the National Science 
     Foundation.
       ``(4) Use of funds.--
       ``(A) Use of funds under this grant shall include--
       ``(i) coordination of a locally defined planning processes, 
     across jurisdictions and agencies, relating to developing a 
     comprehensive regional technology strategy;
       ``(ii) identification of regional partnerships for 
     developing and implementing a comprehensive regional 
     technology strategy;
       ``(iii) implementation or updating of assessments to 
     determine regional needs and capabilities;
       ``(iv) development or updating of goals and strategies to 
     implement an existing comprehensive regional plan;
       ``(v) identification or implementation of planning and 
     local zoning and other code changes necessary to implement a 
     comprehensive regional technology strategy; and
       ``(vi) development of plans for promoting broad-based 
     economic growth in a region.
       ``(B) Use of funds under this grant may include the 
     formation of a workforce development strategy, according to 
     the needs for a skilled and technical workforce at all skill 
     and degree levels in the region proposed to be served by the 
     eligible consortia. Any workforce development strategy 
     submitted pursuant to paragraph (1) should include--
       ``(i) how the eligible consortia will develop, offer, or 
     improve educational or career training programs and 
     curriculum for a skilled and technical workforce;
       ``(ii) the extent to which such programs developed and 
     offered by the eligible consortia will meet the educational 
     or career training needs of a skilled and technical workforce 
     in the region to be served;
       ``(iii) how the eligible consortia will provide facilities 
     for students to receive training under such programs 
     developed and offered by the eligible consortia; and
       ``(iv) how the eligible consortia will enhance outreach and 
     recruitment for such programs developed and offered by the 
     eligible consortia to populations underrepresented in STEM.
       ``(5) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of an 
     effort carried out using a grant or cooperative agreement 
     awarded under this subsection may not exceed 80 percent--
       ``(A) where in-kind contributions may be used for all or 
     part of the non-Federal share, but Federal funding from other 
     government sources may not count towards the non-Federal 
     share;
       ``(B) except in the case of an eligible consortium that 
     represents all or part of a small and rural or other 
     underserved community, the Federal share may be up to 90 
     percent of the total cost, subject to subparagraph (A); and
       ``(C) except in the case of an eligible consortium that is 
     led by a Tribal government, the Federal share may be up to 
     100 percent of the total cost of the project.
       ``(f) Strategy Implementation Grants and Cooperative 
     Agreements.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive, 
     merit-review process to award grants or cooperative 
     agreements to regional technology and innovation hubs for the 
     implementation of regional innovation strategies, including 
     regional strategies for infrastructure and site development, 
     in support of the regional innovation and technology and 
     innovation hub's plans and programs. The Secretary should 
     determine the size and number of awards based on 
     appropriations available to ensure the success of regional 
     technology and innovation hubs as outlined in subsection (h).
       ``(2) Use of funds.--Grants or cooperative agreements 
     awarded under paragraph (1) to a regional technology and 
     innovation hub may be used by the regional technology and 
     innovation hub to support any of the following activities, 
     consistent with the most current regional innovation strategy 
     of the regional technology and innovation hub, which may have 
     been developed with or without financial assistance received 
     under subsection (e) of this section:
       ``(A) Workforce development activities.--Workforce 
     development activities including activities relating to the 
     following:
       ``(i) The creation of partnerships between industry, 
     workforce, nonprofit, and educational institutions, which may 
     include community colleges, to create and align technical 
     training and educational programs, including for a skilled 
     technical workforce.
       ``(ii) The design, development, and updating of educational 
     and training curriculum and programs, including training of 
     trainers, teachers, or instructors tied to demonstrated 
     regional skilled and technical workforce needs.
       ``(iii) The procurement of facilities and equipment, as 
     required to train a skilled and technical workforce.
       ``(iv) The development and execution of programs, including 
     traineeships and apprenticeships, to rapidly provide training 
     and award certificates or credentials recognized by regional 
     industries or other organizations.
       ``(v) The matching of regional employers with a potential 
     new entrant, underemployed, underrepresented, reentering, or 
     incumbent workforce, as well as the securing of commitments 
     from employers to hire workers who successfully complete 
     training programs, or who are awarded certificates or 
     credentials.
       ``(vi) The expansion of successful training programs at a 
     scale required by the region served by the regional 
     technology and innovation hub, including through the use of 
     online education and mentoring.
       ``(vii) The development and expansion of programs with the 
     goal of increasing the participation of persons historically 
     underrepresented in STEM and manufacturing in the workforce 
     development plans of the regional technology and innovation 
     hub.
       ``(viii) The provision of support services for attendees of 
     training programs developed, updated, or expanded pursuant to 
     this subsection, including career counseling.
       ``(ix) The implementation of outreach and recruitment for 
     training programs developed, updated, or expanded pursuant to 
     this subsection, particularly at local educational 
     institutions, including high schools and community colleges.
       ``(B) Business and entrepreneur development activities.--
     Business and entrepreneur development activities, including 
     activities relating to the following:
       ``(i) The development and growth of local and regional 
     businesses and the training of entrepreneurs, which may 
     include support for the expansion of employee owned 
     businesses and cooperatives.
       ``(ii) The support of technology commercialization, 
     including funding for activities relevant to the protection 
     of intellectual property and for advancing potential ventures 
     such as acceleration, incubation, early-stage production and 
     other relevant programming.
       ``(iii) The development of local and regional capital 
     networks and consortia to attract necessary private funding 
     to businesses and entrepreneurs in the region.
       ``(iv) The development of local and regional networks for 
     business and entrepreneur mentorship.
       ``(C) Technology development and maturation activities.--
     Technology maturation activities, including activities 
     relating to the following:
       ``(i) The development and deployment of technologies in 
     sectors critical to the region served by the regional 
     technology and innovation hub or to national and economic 
     security, including industry-university research cooperation, 
     proof of concept, prototype development, testing, and scale-
     up for manufacturing.
       ``(ii) The development of programming to support the 
     creation and transfer of intellectual property into private 
     use, such as through startup creation.
       ``(iii) The provision of facilities for technology 
     maturation, including incubators and production testbeds for 
     collaborative development of technologies by private sector, 
     academic, nonprofit, and other entities.
       ``(iv) Activities to provide or ensure access to capital 
     for new business and business expansion, including by 
     attracting new private, public, and philanthropic investment 
     and by establishing local and regional venture and loan 
     funds, community development financial institutions, and 
     minority depository institutions.
       ``(D) Infrastructure-related activities.--The building of 
     facilities and site connectivity infrastructure necessary to 
     carry out activities described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and 
     (C), including activities relating to the following:
       ``(i) Establishing a center with required tools and 
     instrumentation for workforce development.
       ``(ii) Establishing a facility for technology development, 
     demonstration, and testing.
       ``(iii) Establishing collaborative incubators to support 
     technology commercialization and entrepreneur training.
       ``(3) Term.--
       ``(A) Initial performance period.--The term of an initial 
     grant or cooperative agreement awarded under this subsection 
     shall be

[[Page S3467]]

     for a period that the Secretary deems appropriate for the 
     proposed activities but not less than 2 years.
       ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--The Secretary may 
     renew a grant or cooperative agreement awarded to a regional 
     technology and innovation hub under paragraph (1) for such 
     period as the Secretary considers appropriate, if the 
     Secretary determines that the regional technology and 
     innovation hub has made satisfactory progress towards the 
     metrics agreed to under subsection (j).
       ``(C) Flexible approach.--In renewing a grant or 
     cooperative agreement under subparagraph (B), the Secretary 
     and the eligible consortium may agree to new or additional 
     uses of funds in order to meet changes in the needs of the 
     region.
       ``(4) Limitation on amount of awards.--
       ``(A) Initial performance period.--The amount of an initial 
     grant or cooperative agreements awarded to a regional 
     technology and innovation hub under paragraph (3)(A) shall be 
     no more than $150,000,000.
       ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--Upon renewal of a 
     grant or cooperative agreement under paragraph (3)(B), the 
     Secretary may award funding in the amount that the Secretary 
     considers appropriate, ensuring that no single regional 
     technology and innovation hub receives more than 10 percent 
     of the aggregate amount of the grants and cooperative 
     agreements awarded under this subsection.
       ``(5) Matching required.--
       ``(A) Initial performance period.--Except in the case of a 
     regional technology and innovation hub described in 
     subparagraph (C), the total amount of all grants awarded to a 
     regional technology and innovation hub under this subsection 
     in phase one shall not exceed 90 percent of the total 
     operating costs of the regional technology and innovation hub 
     during the initial performance period.
       ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--Except in the case of 
     a regional technology and innovation hub described in 
     subparagraph (C), the total amount of all grants awarded to a 
     regional technology and innovation hub in subsequent 
     performance periods shall not exceed 75 percent of the total 
     operating costs of the regional technology and innovation hub 
     in each year of the grant or cooperative agreement.
       ``(C) Small and rural communities, underserved communities, 
     and indian tribes.--
       ``(i) In general.--The total Federal financial assistance 
     awarded in a given year to a regional technology and 
     innovation hub under this subsection shall not exceed amounts 
     as follows:

       ``(I) In the case of a regional technology and innovation 
     hub that primarily serves a small and rural community or 
     other underserved community, in a fiscal year, 90 percent of 
     the total funding of the regional technology and innovation 
     hub in that fiscal year.
       ``(II) In the case of a regional technology and innovation 
     hub that is led by a Tribal government, in a fiscal year, 100 
     percent of the total funding of the regional technology and 
     innovation hub in that fiscal year.

       ``(ii) Minimum threshold of rural representation.--For 
     purposes of clause (i)(I), the Secretary shall establish a 
     minimum threshold of rural representation in the regional 
     technology and innovation hub.
       ``(D) In-kind contributions.--For purposes of this 
     paragraph, in-kind contributions may be used for part of the 
     non-Federal share of the total funding of a regional 
     technology and innovation hub in a fiscal year.
       ``(6) Grants for infrastructure.--Any grant or cooperative 
     agreement awarded under this subsection to support the 
     construction of facilities and site connectivity 
     infrastructure shall be awarded pursuant to section 201 of 
     the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 
     U.S.C. 3141) and subject to the provisions of such Act, 
     except that subsection (b) of such section and sections 204 
     and 301 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 3144; 3161) shall not apply.
       ``(7) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary 
     shall not require a regional technology and innovation hub to 
     receive a grant or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) 
     in order to receive a grant or cooperative agreement under 
     this subsection.
       ``(g) Applications.--An eligible consortium seeking 
     designation as a regional technology and innovation hub under 
     subsection (d) or a grant or cooperative agreement under 
     subsection (e) or (f) shall submit to the Secretary an 
     application therefore at such time, in such manner, and 
     containing such information as the Secretary may specify.
       ``(h) Considerations for Designation and Award of Strategy 
     Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--In 
     selecting an eligible consortium that submitted an 
     application under subsection (g) for designation under 
     subsection (d) or for a grant or cooperative agreement under 
     subsection (f), the Secretary shall consider the following:
       ``(1) The potential of the eligible consortium to advance 
     the research, development, deployment, and domestic 
     manufacturing of technologies in a key technology focus area, 
     as described in section 10387 of the Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act or other 
     technology or innovation sector critical to national security 
     and economic competitiveness.
       ``(2) The likelihood of positive regional economic effect, 
     including increasing the number of high wage domestic jobs, 
     creating new economic opportunities for economically 
     disadvantaged and underrepresented populations, and building 
     and retaining wealth in the region.
       ``(3) How the eligible consortium plans to integrate with 
     and leverage the resources of 1 or more federally funded 
     research and development centers, National Laboratories, 
     Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA institutes, Hollings 
     Manufacturing Extension Partnership centers, regional 
     innovation engines or translation accelerators established 
     under sections 10388 and 10389 of the Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, test beds 
     established and operated under section 10390 of such Act, or 
     other Federal entities.
       ``(4) How the eligible consortium will engage with the 
     private sector, including small- and medium-sized businesses 
     and cooperatives, and employee-owned businesses and 
     cooperatives, to commercialize new technologies and improve 
     the resiliency and sustainability of domestic supply chains 
     in a key technology focus area, or other technology or 
     innovation sector critical to national security and economic 
     competitiveness.
       ``(5) How the eligible consortium will carry out workforce 
     development and skills acquisition programming, including 
     through partnerships with entities that include State and 
     local workforce development boards, institutions of higher 
     education, including community colleges, historically Black 
     colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, 
     and minority-serving institutions, labor organizations, 
     nonprofit organizations, workforce development programs, and 
     other related activities authorized by the Secretary, to 
     support the development of a skilled technical workforce for 
     the regional technology and innovation hub, including key 
     technology focus area or other technology or innovation 
     sector critical to national security and economic 
     competitiveness.
       ``(6) How the eligible consortium will improve or expand 
     science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education 
     programs and opportunities in the identified region in 
     elementary and secondary school and higher education 
     institutions located in the identified region to support the 
     development of a key technology focus area or other 
     technology or innovation sector critical to national security 
     and economic competitiveness.
       ``(7) How the eligible consortium plans to develop 
     partnerships with venture development organizations, 
     community development financial institutions and minority 
     depository institutions, and sources of private investment in 
     support of private sector activity, including launching new 
     or expanding existing companies in a key technology focus 
     area or other technology or innovation sector critical to 
     national security and economic competitiveness.
       ``(8) How the eligible consortium plans to organize the 
     activities of regional partners across sectors in support of 
     a regional technology and innovation hub.
       ``(9) How the eligible consortium considers opportunities 
     to support local and regional businesses through procurement, 
     including from minority-owned and women-owned businesses.
       ``(10) How the eligible consortium will ensure that growth 
     in technology, innovation, and advanced manufacturing sectors 
     produces opportunity across the identified region and for 
     economically disadvantaged, minority, underrepresented and 
     rural populations, including, as appropriate, consideration 
     of how the eligible consortium takes into account the 
     relevant impact of existing regional status and plans or may 
     affect regional goals for affordable housing availability, 
     local and regional transportation, high-speed internet 
     access, and primary and secondary education.
       ``(11) How well the region's education institutions align 
     their activities, including research, educational programs, 
     training, with the proposed areas of focus.
       ``(12) The likelihood efforts served by the consortium will 
     be sustained once Federal support ends.
       ``(13) How the eligible consortium will, as appropriate--
       ``(A) enhance the economic, environmental, and energy 
     security of the United States by promoting domestic 
     development, manufacture, and deployment of innovative clean 
     technologies and advanced manufacturing practices; and
       ``(B) support translational research, technology 
     development, manufacturing innovation, and commercialization 
     activities relating to clean technology.
       ``(i) Coordination and Collaboration.--
       ``(1) Coordination with regional innovation program.--The 
     Secretary shall ensure the activities under this section do 
     not duplicate activities or efforts under section 27.
       ``(2) Coordination among hubs.--The Secretary shall ensure 
     eligible consortia that receive a grant or cooperative 
     agreement under this section coordinate and share best 
     practices for regional economic development.
       ``(3) Coordination with programs of the national institute 
     of standards and technology.--The Secretary shall coordinate 
     the activities of regional technology and innovation hubs 
     designated under this section, the Hollings Manufacturing 
     Extension Partnership, and the Manufacturing USA Program, as 
     the Secretary considers appropriate, to maintain the 
     effectiveness of a manufacturing extension center or a 
     Manufacturing USA institute.
       ``(4) Coordination with department of energy programs.--The 
     Secretary shall, in

[[Page S3468]]

     collaboration with the Secretary of Energy, coordinate the 
     activities and selection of regional technology and 
     innovation hubs designated under this section, as the 
     Secretaries consider appropriate, to maintain the 
     effectiveness of activities at the Department of Energy and 
     the National Laboratories.
       ``(5) Interagency collaboration.--In designating regional 
     technology and innovation hubs under subsection (d) and 
     awarding grants or cooperative agreements under subsection 
     (f), the Secretary--
       ``(A) shall collaborate with Federal departments and 
     agencies whose missions contribute to the goals of the 
     regional technology and innovation hub;
       ``(B) shall consult with the Director of the National 
     Science Foundation for the purpose of ensuring that the 
     regional technology and innovation hubs are aligned with 
     relevant science, technology, and engineering expertise; and
       ``(C) may accept funds from other Federal agencies to 
     support grants, cooperative agreements, and activities under 
     this section.
       ``(j) Performance Measurement, Transparency, and 
     Accountability.--
       ``(1) Metrics, standards, and assessment.--For each grant 
     and cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (f) for a 
     regional technology and innovation hub, the Secretary shall--
       ``(A) in consultation with the regional technology and 
     innovation hub, develop metrics, which may include metrics 
     relating to domestic job creation, patent awards, increases 
     in research funding, business formation and expansion, and 
     participation of individuals or communities historically 
     underrepresented in STEM, to assess the effectiveness of the 
     activities funded in making progress toward the purposes set 
     forth under subsection (b)(1);
       ``(B) establish standards for the performance of the 
     regional technology and innovation hub that are based on the 
     metrics developed under subparagraph (A); and
       ``(C) prior to any award made under a subsequent 
     performance period in subsection (f) and every 2 years 
     thereafter until Federal financial assistance under this 
     section for the regional technology and innovation hub is 
     discontinued, conduct an assessment of the regional 
     technology and innovation hub to confirm whether the 
     performance of the regional technology and innovation hub is 
     meeting the standards for performance established under 
     subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.
       ``(2) Final reports by recipients of strategy 
     implementation grants and cooperative agreements.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall require each 
     eligible consortium that receives a grant or cooperative 
     agreement under subsection (f) for activities of a regional 
     technology and innovation hub, as a condition of receipt of 
     such grant or cooperative agreement, to submit to the 
     Secretary, not later than 120 days after the last day of the 
     term of the grant or cooperative agreement, a report on the 
     activities of the regional technology and innovation hub 
     supported by the grant or cooperative agreement.
       ``(B) Contents of report.--Each report submitted by an 
     eligible consortium under subparagraph (A) shall include the 
     following:
       ``(i) A detailed description of the activities carried out 
     by the regional technology and innovation hub using the grant 
     or cooperative agreement described in subparagraph (A), 
     including the following:

       ``(I) A description of each project the regional technology 
     and innovation hub completed using such grant or cooperative 
     agreement.
       ``(II) An explanation of how each project described in 
     subclause (I) achieves a specific goal under this section in 
     the region of the regional technology and innovation hub with 
     respect to--

       ``(aa) the resiliency and sustainability of a supply chain;
       ``(bb) research, development, and deployment of a critical 
     technology;
       ``(cc) workforce training and development;
       ``(dd) domestic job creation;
       ``(ee) entrepreneurship and company formation;
       ``(ff) commercialization;
       ``(gg) access to private capital; or
       ``(hh) participation of individuals or communities 
     historically underrepresented in STEM.
       ``(ii) A discussion of any obstacles encountered by the 
     regional technology and innovation hub in the implementation 
     of the regional technology and innovation hub and how the 
     regional technology and innovation hub overcame those 
     obstacles.
       ``(iii) An evaluation of the success of the projects of the 
     regional technology and innovation hub using the performance 
     standards and measures established under paragraph (1), 
     including an evaluation of the planning process and how the 
     project contributes to carrying out the regional innovation 
     strategy of the regional technology and innovation hub.
       ``(iv) The effectiveness of the regional technology and 
     innovation hub in ensuring that, in the region of the 
     regional technology and innovation hub, growth in technology 
     and innovation sectors produces broadly shared opportunity 
     across the region, including for economic disadvantaged and 
     underrepresented populations and rural areas.
       ``(v) Information regarding such other matters as the 
     Secretary may require.
       ``(3) Interim reports by recipients of grants and 
     cooperative agreements.--In addition to requiring submittal 
     of final reports under paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary may 
     require a regional technology and innovation hub described in 
     such paragraph to submit to the Secretary such interim 
     reports as the Secretary considers appropriate.
       ``(4) Annual reports to congress.--Not less frequently than 
     once each year, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate 
     committees of Congress an annual report on the results of the 
     assessments conducted by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(C) 
     during the period covered by the report.
       ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary--
       ``(1) $50,000,000 to award grants and cooperative 
     agreements under subsection (e) for the period of fiscal 
     years 2023 through 2027;
       ``(2) $2,950,000,000 to award grants and cooperative 
     agreements under subsection (f) for the period of fiscal 
     years 2023 and 2024; and
       ``(3) $7,000,000,000 to award grants and cooperative 
     agreements under subsection (f) for the period of fiscal 
     years 2025 through 2027.
       ``(l) Administration.--The Secretary may use funds made 
     available to carry out this section for administrative costs 
     under this section.

     ``SEC. 29. DISTRESSED AREA RECOMPETE PILOT PROGRAM.

       ``(a) In General.--Within the program authorized under 
     section 28, the Secretary is authorized to establish a pilot 
     program, to be known as the `Recompete Pilot Program', to 
     provide grants to eligible recipients representing eligible 
     areas or Tribal lands to alleviate persistent economic 
     distress and support long-term comprehensive economic 
     development and job creation in eligible areas.
       ``(b) Strategy Development Grants and Cooperative 
     Agreements.--Subject to available appropriations, the 
     Secretary is authorized, on the application of an eligible 
     recipient, to award up to one half of the number of grants 
     under subsection (e) of section 28 to eligible recipients to 
     develop a recompete plan and carry out related predevelopment 
     activities.
       ``(c) Strategy Implementation Grants and Cooperative 
     Agreements.--Subject to available appropriations and 
     subsection (f) , the Secretary shall award, on the 
     application of an eligible recipient, at least ten strategy 
     implementation grants, in accordance with a recompete plan 
     review and approved by the Secretary, to carry out 
     coordinated and comprehensive economic development programs 
     and activities in an eligible area, consistent with a 
     recompete plan approved by the Secretary. Such activities may 
     include--
       ``(1) workforce development activities of the kind 
     described in section 28(f) or other job training and 
     workforce outreach programs oriented to local employer needs, 
     such as--
       ``(A) customized job training programs carried out by local 
     community colleges and other training or educational 
     organizations in partnership with local businesses;
       ``(B) workforce outreach programs located in, and targeted 
     to, lower-income and underemployed neighborhoods; and
       ``(C) programs to embed job placement and training services 
     in neighborhood institutions such as churches, housing 
     projects, and community advocacy programs; and
       ``(D) job retention programs and activities, such as the 
     provision of career coaches;
       ``(2) business and entrepreneur development activities of 
     the kind described in section 28(f), technology development 
     and maturation activities of the kind described in such 
     section, or the provision of business advice and assistance 
     to small and medium-sized local businesses and entrepreneurs. 
     Such advice and assistance may include--
       ``(A) manufacturing extension services;
       ``(B) small business development centers;
       ``(C) centers to help businesses bid for Federal 
     procurement contracts;
       ``(D) entrepreneurial assistance programs that link 
     entrepreneurs with available public and private resources;
       ``(E) legal advice and resources; and
       ``(F) assistance in accessing capital;
       ``(3) infrastructure related activities of the kind 
     described in section 28(f) or other land and site development 
     programs, such as brownfield redevelopment, research and 
     technology parks, business incubators, business corridor 
     development, and other infrastructure activities related to 
     supporting job creation and employment for residents, subject 
     to the requirements of section 28(f)(6); and
       ``(4) additional planning, predevelopment, technical 
     assistance, and other administrative activities as may be 
     necessary for the ongoing implementation, administration, and 
     operation of the programs and activities carried out with a 
     grant or cooperative agreement under this section, including 
     but not limited to economic development planning and 
     evaluation.
       ``(d) Term.--
       ``(1) Initial performance period.--The term of an initial 
     grant or cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (c) 
     shall be for a period that the Secretary deems appropriate 
     for the proposed activities but not less than 2 years.
       ``(2) Subsequent performance period.--The Secretary may 
     renew a grant or cooperative agreement awarded under 
     subsection (c) for such period, such amount, and such terms 
     as the Secretary considers appropriate, if the Secretary 
     determines that the recipient of an award under subsection 
     (c) has made satisfactory progress towards

[[Page S3469]]

     metrics or benchmarking requirements established by the 
     Secretary at time of award.
       ``(3) Flexible approach.--In renewing a grant or 
     cooperative agreement under subsection (c), the Secretary may 
     approve new or additional uses of funds, consistent with the 
     uses described in subsection (c), to meet changes in the 
     needs of the region.
       ``(e) Limitations.--
       ``(1) Limitation on eligible areas.--An eligible area may 
     not benefit from more than 1 grant or cooperative agreement 
     described in subsection (b) and 1 grant or cooperative 
     agreement described in subsection (c), provided that a 
     renewal described in subsection (d)(2) shall not constitute 
     an additional grant.
       ``(2) Limitation on recipients.--For purposes of the 
     program under this section, an eligible recipient may not 
     receive multiple grants described in subsection (c) on behalf 
     of more than 1 eligible area.
       ``(f) Award Amount.--
       ``(1) In general.--In determining the amount of a grant 
     that an eligible recipient may be awarded under subsection 
     (c), the Secretary shall--
       ``(A) take into consideration the proposed activities and 
     projected expenditures outlined in an approved recompete 
     plan; and
       ``(B) award not more than the product obtained by 
     multiplying--
       ``(i) the prime-age employment gap of the eligible area;
       ``(ii) the prime-age population of the eligible area; and
       ``(iii) either--

       ``(I) $70,585 for local labor markets; or
       ``(II) $53,600 for local communities.

       ``(2) Minimum amount.--The Secretary may not make an award 
     that is less than $20,000,000 to an eligible recipient.
       ``(g) Applications.--To be considered for a grant or 
     cooperative agreement under--
       ``(1) subsection (b) of this section, an eligible recipient 
     shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in 
     such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
     determines to be appropriate; and
       ``(2) subsection (c) of this section, an eligible recipient 
     shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in 
     such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
     determines to be appropriate, including a recompete plan 
     approved by the Secretary.
       ``(h) Relation to Certain Grant Awards.--The Secretary 
     shall not require an eligible recipient to receive a grant or 
     cooperative agreement under subsection (b) in order to 
     receive a grant or cooperative agreement under subsection 
     (c).
       ``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary $1,000,000,000 to award 
     grants and cooperative agreements under subsection (c) of 
     this section, for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 
     2026.
       ``(j) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Eligible area.--The term `eligible area' means either 
     of the following:
       ``(A) A local labor market that--
       ``(i) has a prime-age employment gap equal to not less than 
     2.5 percent; and
       ``(ii) meets additional criteria as the Secretary may 
     establish.
       ``(B) A local community that--
       ``(i) has a prime-age employment gap equal to not less than 
     5 percent;
       ``(ii) is not located within an eligible local labor market 
     that meets the criteria described in subparagraph (A);
       ``(iii) has a median annual household income of not more 
     than $75,000; and
       ``(iv) meets additional criteria as the Secretary may 
     establish.
       ``(2) Eligible recipient.--The term `eligible recipient' 
     means a specified entity that has been authorized in a manner 
     as determined by the Secretary to represent and act on behalf 
     of an eligible area for the purposes of this section.
       ``(3) Local labor market.--The term `local labor market' 
     means any of the following areas that contains 1 or more 
     specified entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (D) 
     of paragraph (6):
       ``(A) A metropolitan statistical area or micropolitan 
     statistical area, excluding any area described in 
     subparagraph (C).
       ``(B) A commuting zone, excluding any areas described in 
     subparagraphs (A) and (C).
       ``(C) The Tribal land with a Tribal prime-age population 
     represented by a Tribal government.
       ``(4) Local community.--The term `local community' means 
     the area served by a general-purpose unit of local government 
     that is located within, but does not cover the entire area 
     of, a local labor market that does not meet the criteria 
     described in paragraph (1)(A).
       ``(5) Prime-age employment gap.--
       ``(A) In general.--The term `prime-age employment gap' 
     means the difference (expressed as a percentage) between--
       ``(i) the national 5-year average prime-age employment 
     rate; and
       ``(ii) the 5-year average prime-age employment rate of the 
     eligible area.
       ``(B) Calculation.--For the purposes of subparagraph (A), 
     an individual is prime-age if such individual between the 
     ages of 25 years and 54 years.
       ``(6) Recompete plan.--The term `recompete plan' means a 
     comprehensive multiyear economic development plan that--
       ``(A) includes--
       ``(i) proposed programs and activities to be carried out 
     with a grant awarded under subsection (c) to address the 
     economic challenges of the eligible area in a comprehensive 
     manner that promotes long-term, sustained economic growth, 
     lasting job creation, per capita wage increases, and 
     reduction in the prime-age employment gap of the eligible 
     area;
       ``(ii) projected costs and annual expenditures and proposed 
     disbursement schedule;
       ``(iii) the roles and responsibilities of specified 
     entities that may receive grant funds awarded under 
     subsection (c); and
       ``(iv) other information as the Secretary determines 
     appropriate;
       ``(B) is submitted to the Secretary for approval for an 
     eligible recipient to be considered for a grant described in 
     subsection (c); and
       ``(C) may be modified over the term of the grant by the 
     eligible recipient, subject to the approval of the Secretary 
     or at the direction of the Secretary, if the Secretary 
     determines benchmarking requirements are repeatedly not met 
     or if other circumstances necessitate a modification.
       ``(7) Specified entity.--The term `specified entity' 
     means--
       ``(A) a unit of local government;
       ``(B) the District of Columbia;
       ``(C) a territory of the United States;
       ``(D) a Tribal government;
       ``(E) political subdivision of a State or other entity, 
     including a special-purpose entity engaged in economic 
     development activities;
       ``(F) a public entity or nonprofit organization, acting in 
     cooperation with the officials of a political subdivision of 
     a State or other entity described in subparagraph (E);
       ``(G) an economic development district (as defined in 
     section 3 of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 
     1965 (42 U.S.C. 3122); and
       ``(H) a consortium of any of the specified entities 
     described in this paragraph which serve or are contained 
     within the same eligible area.
       ``(8) Tribal land.--The term `Tribal land' means any land--
       ``(A) located within the boundaries of an Indian 
     reservation, pueblo, or rancheria; or
       ``(B) not located within the boundaries of an Indian 
     reservation, pueblo, or rancheria, the title to which is 
     held--
       ``(i) in trust by the United States for the benefit of an 
     Indian Tribe or an individual Indian;
       ``(ii) by an Indian Tribe or an individual Indian, subject 
     to restriction against alienation under laws of the United 
     States; or
       ``(iii) by a dependent Indian community.
       ``(9) Tribal prime-age population.--
       ``(A) In general.--The term `Tribal prime-age population' 
     shall be equal to the sum obtained by adding--
       ``(i) the product obtained by multiplying--

       ``(I) the total number of individuals ages 25 through 54 
     residing on the Tribal land of the Tribal government; and
       ``(II) 0.65; and

       ``(ii) the product obtained by multiplying--

       ``(I) the total number of individuals ages 25 through 54 
     included on the membership roll of the Tribal government; and
       ``(II) 0.35

       ``(B) Use of data.--A calculation under subparagraph (A) 
     shall be determined based on data provided by the applicable 
     Tribal government to the Department of the Treasury under the 
     Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Fund programs 
     under title VI of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 801 et 
     seq.).''.
       (b) Initial Designations and Awards.--
       (1) Competition required.--Not later than 1 year after the 
     date of the enactment of this Act, subject to the 
     availability of appropriations, the Secretary of Commerce 
     shall commence a competition under subsection (d)(1) of 
     section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act 
     of 1980 (as added by this section).
       (2) Designation and award.--Not later than 18 months after 
     the date of the enactment of this Act, if the Secretary has 
     received at least 1 application under subsection (g) of 
     section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act 
     of 1980 (as added by this section) from an eligible 
     consortium which the Secretary considers suitable for 
     designation under subsection (d)(1) of such section 28, the 
     Secretary shall--
       (A) designate at least 1 regional technology and innovation 
     hub under subsection (d)(1) of such section 28; and
       (B) award a grant or cooperative agreement under subsection 
     (f)(1) of such section 28 to each regional technology and 
     innovation hub designated pursuant to subparagraph (A) of 
     this paragraph.
       (c) Distressed Area Designation and Award.--Not later than 
     18 months after the date of the enactment of this section, 
     subject to the availability of appropriations, if the 
     Secretary has received applications under section 29 of the 
     Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (as added 
     by this section) from an eligible recipient which the 
     Secretary considers suitable for award under such section 29, 
     the Secretary shall award grants or cooperative agreement 
     under subsections (b) and (c) of such section 29 to one or 
     more eligible recipients.

     SEC. 10622. REGIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INNOVATION PROGRAM.

       Subtitle C of title IX of the Energy Independence and 
     Security Act of 2007 is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:

     ``SEC. 936. REGIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INNOVATION PROGRAM.

       ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:

[[Page S3470]]

       ``(1) Regional clean energy innovation partnership.--The 
     term `regional clean energy innovation partnership' means a 
     group of one or more persons, including a covered consortium, 
     who perform a collection of activities that are coordinated 
     by such covered consortium to carry out the purposes of the 
     program under subsection (c) in a region of the United 
     States.
       ``(2) Covered consortium.--The term `covered consortium' 
     means an individual or group of individuals in partnership 
     with a government entity, including a State, territorial, 
     local, or tribal government or unit of such government, and 
     at least 2 or more of the following additional entities--
       ``(A) an institution of higher education or a consortium of 
     institutions of higher education, including community 
     colleges;
       ``(B) a workforce development program;
       ``(C) a private sector entity or group of entities, 
     including a trade or industry association;
       ``(D) a nonprofit organization;
       ``(E) a community group or community-based organization;
       ``(F) a labor organization or joint labor-management 
     organization;
       ``(G) a National Laboratory;
       ``(H) a venture development organization;
       ``(I) a community development financial institution or 
     minority depository institution;
       ``(J) a worker cooperative membership association or state 
     or local employee ownership or cooperative development 
     center;
       ``(K) an organization focused on clean energy technology 
     innovation or entrepreneurship;
       ``(L) a business or clean energy accelerator or incubator;
       ``(M) an economic development organization;
       ``(N) a manufacturing facility or organization;
       ``(O) a multi-institutional collaboration; or
       ``(P) any other entity that the Secretary determines to be 
     relevant.
       ``(3) Program.--The term `program' means the Regional Clean 
     Energy Innovation Program authorized in subsection (b).
       ``(4) Institution of higher education.--The term 
     `institution of higher education' has the meaning given such 
     term in section 101 or 102(a)(1)(B) of the Higher Education 
     Act of 1965, as amended (20 U.S.C. 1001, 1002(a)(1)(B)).
       ``(5) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory' 
     has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 2005 (42 2 U.S.C. 15801).
       ``(6) Clean energy technology.--The term `clean energy 
     technology' means a technology that significantly reduces 
     energy use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse 
     gas emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or 
     mitigates other negative environmental consequences of energy 
     production, transmission or use.
       ``(7) Community-based organization.--The term `community-
     based organization' has the meaning given the term in section 
     3 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
     3102).
       ``(8) Community college.--The term `community college' 
     means--
       ``(A) a public institution of higher education, including 
     additional locations, at which the highest degree, or the 
     predominantly awarded degree, is an associate degree; or
       ``(B) any Tribal college or university (as defined in 
     section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1059c)).
       ``(9) Workforce development program.--The term `workforce 
     development program' has the meaning given the term in 
     section 3 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 
     U.S.C. 3102).
       ``(b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a Regional 
     Clean Energy Innovation Program, a research, development, 
     demonstration, and commercial application program designed to 
     enhance the economic, environmental, and energy security of 
     the United States and accelerate the pace of innovation of 
     diverse clean energy technologies through the formation or 
     support of regional clean energy innovation partnerships.
       ``(c) Purposes of the Program.--The purposes of the Program 
     established under subsection (b) are to--
       ``(1) improve the competitiveness of United States' clean 
     energy technology research, development, demonstration, and 
     commercial application; and
       ``(2) support the development of tools and technologies 
     best suited for use in diverse regions of the United States, 
     including in rural, tribal, and low-income communities.
       ``(d) Regional Clean Energy Innovation Partnerships.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall competitively award 
     grants to covered consortia to establish or support regional 
     clean energy innovation partnerships that achieve the 
     purposes of the Program in subsection (c).
       ``(2) Permissible activities.--Grants awarded under this 
     subsection shall be used for activities determined 
     appropriate by the Secretary to achieve the purposes of the 
     Program in subsection (c), including--
       ``(A) facilitating the commercial application of clean 
     energy products, processes, and services, including through 
     research, development, demonstration, or technology transfer;
       ``(B) planning among participants of a regional clean 
     energy innovation partnership to improve the strategic and 
     cost-effective coordination of the partnership;
       ``(C) improving stakeholder involvement in the development 
     of goals and activities of a regional clean energy innovation 
     partnership;
       ``(D) assessing different incentive mechanisms for clean 
     energy development and commercial application in the region;
       ``(E) hosting events and conferences; and
       ``(F) establishing and updating roadmaps to measure 
     progress on relevant goals, such as those relevant to metrics 
     developed under subsection (g).
       ``(3) Applications.--Each application submitted to the 
     Secretary under paragraph (1) may include--
       ``(A) a list of members and roles of members of the covered 
     consortia, as well as any other stakeholders supporting the 
     activities of the regional clean energy innovation 
     partnership;
       ``(B) an assessment of the relevant clean energy innovation 
     assets needed in a region to achieve proposed outcomes, such 
     as education and workforce development programs, research 
     facilities, infrastructure or site development, access to 
     capital, manufacturing capabilities, or other assets;
       ``(C) a description of proposed activities that the 
     regional clean energy innovation partnership plans to 
     undertake and how the proposed activities will achieve the 
     purposes described in subsection (c);
       ``(D) a plan for attracting additional funds and 
     identification of funding sources from non-Federal sources to 
     deliver the proposed outcomes of the regional clean energy 
     innovation partnership;
       ``(E) a plan for partnering and collaborating with 
     community development financial institutions and minority 
     depository institutions, labor organizations and community 
     groups, worker cooperative membership associations, local and 
     state employee ownership and cooperative development centers, 
     and other local institutions in order to promote employee, 
     community, and public ownership in the clean energy sector, 
     and advance models of local economic development that build 
     and retain wealth in the region;
       ``(F) a plan for sustaining activities of the regional 
     clean energy innovation partnership after funds received 
     under this program have been expended; and
       ``(G) a proposed budget, including financial contributions 
     from non-Federal sources.
       ``(4) Considerations.--In selecting covered consortia for 
     funding under the Program, the Secretary shall, to the 
     maximum extent practicable--
       ``(A) give special consideration to applications from 
     rural, tribal, and low-income communities; and
       ``(B) ensure that there is geographic diversity among the 
     covered consortia selected to receive funding.
       ``(5) Award amount.--Grants given out under this Program 
     shall be in an amount not greater than $10,000,000, with the 
     total grant award in any year less than that in the previous 
     year.
       ``(6) Cost share.--For grants that are disbursed over the 
     course of three or more years, the Secretary shall require, 
     as a condition of receipt of funds under this section, that a 
     covered consortium provide not less than 50 percent of the 
     funding for the activities of the regional clean energy 
     partnership under this section for years 3, 4, and 5.
       ``(7) Duration.--Each grant under paragraph shall be for a 
     period of not longer than 5 years.
       ``(8) Renewal.--A grant awarded under this section may be 
     renewed for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to a 
     rigorous merit review based on the progress of a regional 
     clean energy innovation partnership towards achieving the 
     purposes of the program in subsection (c) and the metrics 
     developed under subsection (g).
       ``(9) Termination.--Consistent with the existing 
     authorities of the Department, the Secretary may terminate 
     grant funding under this subsection to covered consortia 
     during the performance period if the Secretary determines 
     that the regional clean energy innovation partnership is 
     underperforming.
       ``(10) Administrative costs.--The Secretary may allow a 
     covered consortium that receives funds under this section to 
     allocate a portion of the funding received to be used for 
     administrative or indirect costs.
       ``(11) Funding.--The Secretary may accept funds from other 
     Federal agencies to support funding and activities under this 
     section.
       ``(e) Planning Funds.--The Secretary may competitively 
     award grants in an amount no greater than $2,000,000 for a 
     period not longer than 2 years to an entity consisting of a 
     government entity, including a State, territorial, local, or 
     tribal government or unit of such government or any entity 
     listed under subsection (a)(2) to plan a regional clean 
     energy innovation partnership or establish a covered 
     consortium for the purpose of applying for funds under 
     subsection (b).
       ``(f) Information Sharing.--As part of the program, the 
     Secretary shall support the gathering, analysis, and 
     dissemination of information on best practices for developing 
     and operating successful regional clean energy innovation 
     partnerships.
       ``(g) Metrics.--In evaluating a grant renewal under 
     subsection (d)(8), the Secretary shall work with program 
     evaluation experts to develop and make publicly available 
     metrics to assess the progress of a regional clean energy 
     innovation partnership towards achieving the purposes of the 
     program in subsection (c).

[[Page S3471]]

       ``(h) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the 
     Secretary shall coordinate with, and avoid unnecessary 
     duplication of, the activities carried out under this section 
     with the activities of other research entities of the 
     Department or relevant programs at other Federal agencies.
       ``(i) Conflicts of Interest.--In carrying out the program, 
     the Secretary shall maintain conflict of interest procedures, 
     consistent with the conflict of interest procedures of the 
     Department.
       ``(j) Evaluation by Comptroller General.--Not later than 3 
     years after the date of the enactment of the Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, and again 3 
     years later, the Comptroller General shall submit to the 
     Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate an evaluation on the operation of the 
     program during the most recent 3-year period, including--
       ``(1) an assessment of the progress made towards achieving 
     the purposes specified in subsection (c) based on the metrics 
     developed under subsection (g);
       ``(2) the short-term and long-term metrics used to 
     determine the success of the program under subsection (g), 
     and any changes recommended to the metrics used;
       ``(3) the regional clean energy innovation partnerships 
     established or supported by covered consortia that have 
     received grants under subsection (d); and
       ``(4) any recommendations on how the program may be 
     improved.
       ``(k) National Laboratories.--In supporting technology 
     transfer activities at the National Laboratories, the 
     Secretary shall encourage partnerships with entities that are 
     located in the same region or State as the National 
     Laboratory.
       ``(l) Security.--In carrying out the activities under this 
     section, the Secretary shall ensure proper security controls 
     are in place to protect sensitive information, as 
     appropriate.
       ``(m) No Funds for Construction.--No funds provided to the 
     Department of Energy under this section shall be used for 
     construction.
       ``(n) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     this section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
     through 2027.''.

                     Subtitle D--Research Security

     SEC. 10631. REQUIREMENTS FOR FOREIGN TALENT RECRUITMENT 
                   PROGRAMS.

       (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this subtitle is to direct 
     actions to prohibit participation in any foreign talent 
     recruitment program by personnel of Federal research agencies 
     and to prohibit participation in a malign foreign talent 
     recruitment program by covered individuals involved with 
     research and development awards from those agencies.
       (b) Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of 
     Science and Technology Policy, in coordination with the 
     interagency working group established under section 1746 of 
     the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 
     (42 U.S.C. 6601 note; Public Law 116-92), shall publish and 
     widely distribute a uniform set of guidelines for Federal 
     research agencies regarding foreign talent recruitment 
     programs. Such policy guidelines shall--
       (1) prohibit all personnel of each Federal research agency, 
     including Federal employees, contract employees, independent 
     contractors, individuals serving under the Intergovernmental 
     Personnel Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4701 et seq), Visiting 
     Scientist, Engineering, and Educator appointments, and 
     special government employees other than peer reviewers, from 
     participating in a foreign talent recruitment program;
       (2) as part of the requirements under section 223 of the 
     William (Mac) Thornberry NDAA of Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 
     6605; Public Law 116-283), require covered individuals to 
     disclose if such individuals are a party to a foreign talent 
     recruitment program contract, agreement, or other 
     arrangement;
       (3) prohibit research and development awards from being 
     made for any proposal in which a covered individual is 
     participating in a malign foreign talent recruitment program; 
     and
       (4) to the extent practicable, require recipient 
     institutions to prohibit covered individuals participating in 
     malign foreign talent recruitment programs from working on 
     projects supported by research and development awards.
       (c) Definition of Foreign Talent Recruitment Programs.--As 
     part of the guidance under subsection (b), the Director of 
     the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall define and 
     describe the characteristics of a foreign talent recruitment 
     program.
       (d) Implementation.--Not later than one year after the date 
     of the enactment of this Act, each Federal research agency 
     shall issue a policy utilizing the guidelines under 
     subsection (b).
       (e) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy shall ensure that the policies issued by 
     the Federal research agencies under subsection (d) are 
     consistent to the greatest extent practicable.

     SEC. 10632. MALIGN FOREIGN TALENT RECRUITMENT PROGRAM 
                   PROHIBITION.

       (a) In General.--Not later than 24 months after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, each Federal research agency shall 
     establish a policy that, as part of a proposal for a research 
     and development award from the agency--
       (1) each covered individual listed in such proposal certify 
     that each such individual is not a party to a malign foreign 
     talent recruitment program in the proposal submission of each 
     such individual and annually thereafter for the duration of 
     the award; and
       (2) each institution of higher education or other 
     organization applying for such an award certify that each 
     covered individual who is employed by such institution of 
     higher education or other organization has been made aware of 
     the requirements under this section and complied with the 
     requirement under paragraph (1).
       (b) Stakeholder Input.--In establishing a policy under 
     subsection (a), Federal research agencies shall publish a 
     description of the proposed policy in the Federal Register 
     and provide an opportunity for submission of public comment 
     for a period of not more than 60 days.
       (c) Compliance With Existing Law.--Each Federal research 
     agency and recipient shall comply with title VI of the Civil 
     Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.) in the 
     establishment of policies pursuant to under subsection (a).
       (d) International Collaboration.--Each policy developed 
     under subsection (a) shall not prohibit, unless such 
     activities are funded, organized, or managed by an academic 
     institution or a foreign talent recruitment program on the 
     lists developed under paragraphs (8) and (9) of section 
     1286(c) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization 
     Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 4001 note; Public Law 
     115-232)--
       (1) making scholarly presentations and publishing written 
     materials regarding scientific information not otherwise 
     controlled under current law;
       (2) participation in international conferences or other 
     international exchanges, research projects or programs that 
     involve open and reciprocal exchange of scientific 
     information, and which are aimed at advancing international 
     scientific understanding and not otherwise controlled under 
     current law;
       (3) advising a foreign student enrolled at an institution 
     of higher education or writing a recommendation for such a 
     student, at such student's request; and
       (4) other international activities determined appropriate 
     by the Federal research agency head or designee.
       (e) Limitation.--The certifications required under 
     subsection (a) shall not apply retroactively to research and 
     development awards made or applied for prior to the 
     establishment of the policy by the Federal research agency.
       (f) Training.--Each Federal research agency shall ensure 
     that, as a requirement of an award from each such agency, 
     recipient institutions provide training on the risks of 
     malign foreign talent recruitment programs to covered 
     individuals employed at such institutions, including those 
     individuals who are participating in activities described in 
     subsection (d).

     SEC. 10633. REVIEW OF CONTRACTS AND AGREEMENTS.

       (a) In General.--In addition to existing authorities for 
     preventing waste, fraud, abuse, and mismanagement of Federal 
     funds, each Federal research agency shall have the authority 
     to--
       (1) require, upon request, the submission to such agency, 
     by an institution of higher education or other organization 
     applying for a research and development award, of supporting 
     documentation, including copies of contracts, grants, or any 
     other agreement specific to foreign appointments, employment 
     with a foreign institution, participation in a foreign talent 
     recruitment program and other information reported as current 
     and pending support for all covered individuals in a research 
     and development award application;
       (2) require such institution of higher education or other 
     organization to review any documents requested under 
     paragraph (1) for compliance with the Federal research 
     agency's award terms and conditions, including guidance on 
     conflicts of interest and conflicts of commitment; and
       (3) upon receipt and review of the information provided 
     under paragraph (1) and in consultation with the institution 
     of higher education or other organization submitting such 
     information, initiate the substitution or removal of a 
     covered individual from a research and development award, 
     reduce the award funding amount, or suspend or terminate the 
     award if the agency head determines such contracts, grants, 
     or agreements include obligations that--
       (A) interfere with the capacity for agency-supported 
     activities to be carried out; or
       (B) create duplication with agency-supported activities.
       (b) Limitations.--In exercising the authorities under 
     subsection (a), each Federal research agency shall--
       (1) take necessary steps, as practicable, to protect the 
     privacy of all covered individuals and other parties 
     specified in the documentation submitted under paragraph (1) 
     of such subsection;
       (2) endeavor to provide justification for requests for 
     supporting documentation made under such paragraph;
       (3) require that allegations be proven by a preponderance 
     of evidence; and
       (4) as practicable, afford subjects an opportunity to 
     provide comments and rebuttal and an opportunity to appeal 
     before final administrative action is taken.

[[Page S3472]]

  


     SEC. 10634. RESEARCH SECURITY TRAINING REQUIREMENT FOR 
                   FEDERAL RESEARCH AWARD PERSONNEL.

       (a) Annual Training Requirement.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 12 months after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, each Federal research agency shall 
     establish a requirement that, as part of an application for a 
     research and development award from the agency--
       (A) each covered individual listed on the application for a 
     research and development award certify that each such 
     individual has completed within one year of such application 
     research security training that meets the guidelines 
     developed under subsection (b); and
       (B) each institution of higher education or other 
     organization applying for such an award certify that each 
     covered individual who is employed by such institution or 
     organization and listed on the application has completed such 
     training.
       (2) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy shall ensure that the training requirements 
     established by Federal research agencies pursuant to 
     paragraph (1) are consistent.
       (b) Training Guidelines.--The Director of the Office of 
     Science and Technology Policy, acting through the National 
     Science and Technology Council and in accordance with the 
     authority provided under section 1746(a) of the National 
     Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 
     116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), shall, taking into 
     consideration stakeholder input, develop guidelines for 
     institutions of higher education and other organizations 
     receiving Federal research and development funds to use in 
     developing their own training programs to address the unique 
     needs, challenges, and risk profiles of such institutions and 
     other organizations, including adoption of security training 
     modules developed under subsection (c), to ensure compliance 
     with National Security Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating 
     to strengthening protections of the United States Government-
     supported research and development against foreign government 
     interference and exploitation) or any successor documents.
       (c) Security Training Modules.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of 
     Science and Technology Policy, in coordination with the 
     Director of the National Science Foundation, the Director of 
     the National Institutes of Health, the Secretary of Energy, 
     and the Secretary of Defense, and in consultation with the 
     heads of relevant Federal research agencies, shall enter into 
     an agreement or contract with a qualified entity for the 
     development of online research security training modules for 
     the research community and participants in the United States 
     research and development enterprise to ensure compliance with 
     National Security Presidential Memorandum-33 or successor 
     documents, including modules--
       (A) focused on cybersecurity, international collaboration 
     and international travel, foreign interference, and rules for 
     proper use of funds, disclosure, conflict of commitment, and 
     conflict of interest; and
       (B) tailored to the unique needs of--
       (i) covered individuals;
       (ii) undergraduate students, graduate students, and 
     postdoctoral researchers; and
       (iii) applicants for awards under the SBIR and STTR 
     programs (as such terms are defined in section 9(e) of the 
     Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)).
       (2) Stakeholder input.--Prior to entering into the 
     agreement under paragraph (1), the Director of the Office of 
     Science and Technology Policy shall seek input from academic, 
     private sector, intelligence, and law enforcement 
     stakeholders regarding the scope and content of security 
     training modules, including the diversity of needs across 
     institutions of higher education and other recipients of 
     different sizes and types, and recommendations for minimizing 
     administrative burden on recipients and researchers.
       (3) Development.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
     Technology Policy shall ensure that the entity referred to in 
     paragraph (1)--
       (A) develops security training modules that can be adapted 
     and utilized across Federal research agencies; and
       (B) develops and implements a plan for regularly updating 
     such modules as needed.

     SEC. 10635. RESEARCH FUNDS ACCOUNTING.

       (a) Study Period Defined.--In this section the term ``study 
     period'' means the 5-year period ending on the date of the 
     enactment of this Act.
       (b) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States 
     shall conduct a study on Federal funding made available to 
     foreign entities of concern for research, during the study 
     period.
       (c) Matters to Be Included.--The study conducted under 
     subsection (b) shall include, to the extent practicable with 
     respect to the study period, an assessment of--
       (1) the total amount of Federal funding made available to 
     foreign entities of concern for research;
       (2) the total number and types of foreign entities of 
     concern to which such funding was made available;
       (3) the requirements relating to the awarding, tracking, 
     and monitoring of such funding;
       (4) any other data available with respect to Federal 
     funding made available to foreign entities of concern for 
     research; and
       (5) such other matters as the Comptroller General of the 
     United States determines appropriate.
       (d) Briefing on Available Data.--Not later than 120 days 
     after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller 
     General of the United States shall brief the Committee on 
     Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on 
     Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, and the Committee on 
     Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Science, 
     Space, and Technology, the Committee on Energy and Commerce, 
     and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
     Representatives on the study conducted under subsection (b) 
     and the data that is available with respect to Federal 
     funding made available to foreign entities of concern for 
     research.
       (e) Report.--The Comptroller General of the United States 
     shall submit to the congressional committees specified in 
     subsection (d), by a date agreed upon by the Comptroller 
     General and the committees on the date of the briefing under 
     such subsection, a report on the findings of the study 
     conducted under subsection (b).

     SEC. 10636. PERSON OR ENTITY OF CONCERN PROHIBITION.

       No person published on the list under section 1237(b) of 
     the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for 
     Fiscal Year 1999 (Public Law 105-261; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) or 
     entity identified under section 1260h of the William M. (Mac) 
     Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law 116-283) may receive or 
     participate in any grant, award, program, support, or other 
     activity under--
       (1) the Directorate established in subtitle G of title III 
     of this division;
       (2) section 28(b)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
     Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by 
     section 10621; or
       (3) the Manufacturing USA Program, as improved and expanded 
     under subtitle E of title II of this division.

     SEC. 10637. NONDISCRIMINATION.

       In carrying out requirements under this subtitle, each 
     Federal research agency shall ensure that policies and 
     activities developed and implemented pursuant to this 
     subtitle are carried out in a manner that does not target, 
     stigmatize, or discriminate against individuals on the basis 
     of race, ethnicity, or national origin, consistent with title 
     VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.).

     SEC. 10638. DEFINITIONS.

       In this subtitle:
       (1) Covered individual.--The term ``covered individual'' 
     means an individual who--
       (A) contributes in a substantive, meaningful way to the 
     scientific development or execution of a research and 
     development project proposed to be carried out with a 
     research and development award from a Federal research 
     agency; and
       (B) is designated as a covered individual by the Federal 
     research agency concerned.
       (2) Foreign country of concern.--The term ``foreign country 
     of concern'' means the People's Republic of China, the 
     Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Russian 
     Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any other 
     country determined to be a country of concern by the 
     Secretary of State.
       (3) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity 
     of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
       (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the 
     Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the Immigration 
     and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
       (B) included on the list of specially designated nationals 
     and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign 
     Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury (commonly 
     known as the SDN list);
       (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction 
     or direction of a government of a foreign country that is a 
     covered nation (as such term is defined in section 4872 of 
     title 10, United States Code);
       (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been involved 
     in activities for which a conviction was obtained under--
       (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States Code (commonly 
     known as the Espionage Act);
       (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, United States Code;
       (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States Code (commonly 
     known as the Economic Espionage Act of 1996);
       (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.);
       (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of the Atomic Energy 
     Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);
       (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 
     et seq.); or
       (vii) the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
     U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
       (E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director 
     of National Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized 
     conduct that is detrimental to the national security or 
     foreign policy of the United States.
       (4) Malign foreign talent recruitment program.--The term 
     ``malign foreign talent recruitment program'' means--
       (A) any program, position, or activity that includes 
     compensation in the form of cash, in-kind compensation, 
     including research funding, promised future compensation, 
     complimentary foreign travel, things of non de minimis value, 
     honorific titles, career advancement opportunities, or other 
     types of

[[Page S3473]]

     remuneration or consideration directly provided by a foreign 
     country at any level (national, provincial, or local) or 
     their designee, or an entity based in, funded by, or 
     affiliated with a foreign country, whether or not directly 
     sponsored by the foreign country, to the targeted individual, 
     whether directly or indirectly stated in the arrangement, 
     contract, or other documentation at issue, in exchange for 
     the individual--
       (i) engaging in the unauthorized transfer of intellectual 
     property, materials, data products, or other nonpublic 
     information owned by a United States entity or developed with 
     a Federal research and development award to the government of 
     a foreign country or an entity based in, funded by, or 
     affiliated with a foreign country regardless of whether that 
     government or entity provided support for the development of 
     the intellectual property, materials, or data products;
       (ii) being required to recruit trainees or researchers to 
     enroll in such program, position, or activity;
       (iii) establishing a laboratory or company, accepting a 
     faculty position, or undertaking any other employment or 
     appointment in a foreign country or with an entity based in, 
     funded by, or affiliated with a foreign country if such 
     activities are in violation of the standard terms and 
     conditions of a Federal research and development award;
       (iv) being unable to terminate the foreign talent 
     recruitment program contract or agreement except in 
     extraordinary circumstances;
       (v) through funding or effort related to the foreign talent 
     recruitment program, being limited in the capacity to carry 
     out a research and development award or required to engage in 
     work that would result in substantial overlap or duplication 
     with a Federal research and development award;
       (vi) being required to apply for and successfully receive 
     funding from the sponsoring foreign government's funding 
     agencies with the sponsoring foreign organization as the 
     recipient;
       (vii) being required to omit acknowledgment of the 
     recipient institution with which the individual is 
     affiliated, or the Federal research agency sponsoring the 
     research and development award, contrary to the institutional 
     policies or standard terms and conditions of the Federal 
     research and development award;
       (viii) being required to not disclose to the Federal 
     research agency or employing institution the participation of 
     such individual in such program, position, or activity; or
       (ix) having a conflict of interest or conflict of 
     commitment contrary to the standard terms and conditions of 
     the Federal research and development award; and
       (B) a program that is sponsored by--
       (i) a foreign country of concern or an entity based in a 
     foreign country of concern, whether or not directly sponsored 
     by the foreign country of concern;
       (ii) an academic institution on the list developed under 
     section 1286(c)(8) of the John S. McCain National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 2358 note; 
     Public Law 115-232); or
       (iii) a foreign talent recruitment program on the list 
     developed under section 1286(c)(9) of the John S. McCain 
     National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 
     U.S.C. 2358 note; Public Law 115-232).

  Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

     SEC. 10641. SHORT TITLE.

       This subtitle may be cited as the ``Coastal and Ocean 
     Acidification Research and Innovation Act of 2021''.

     SEC. 10642. PURPOSES.

       (a) In General.--Section 12402(a) of the Federal Ocean 
     Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 
     3701(a)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1)--
       (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
     ``development and coordination'' and inserting ``development 
     coordination and implementation'';
       (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``acidification on 
     marine organisms'' and inserting ``acidification and coastal 
     acidification on marine organisms''; and
       (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``establish'' and all 
     that follows through the semicolon and inserting ``maintain 
     and advise an interagency research, monitoring, and public 
     outreach program on ocean acidification and coastal 
     acidification;'';
       (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``establishment'' and 
     inserting ``maintenance'';
       (3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``and coastal 
     acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
       (4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``techniques for'' and 
     all that follows through the period and inserting 
     ``mitigating the impacts of ocean and coastal acidification 
     and related co-stressors on marine ecosystems.''.
       (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Section 12402 of 
     the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring Act 
     of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3701(a)) is amended by striking ``(a) 
     Purposes.--''.

     SEC. 10643. DEFINITIONS.

       Section 12403 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research 
     and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3702) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``of the Earth's oceans'' 
     and all that follows before the period at the end and 
     inserting ``and changes in the water chemistry of the Earth's 
     oceans, coastal estuaries, marine waterways, and Great Lakes 
     caused by carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and the 
     breakdown of organic matter'';
       (2) in paragraph (3), by striking ``Joint Subcommittee on 
     Ocean Science and Technology of the National Science and 
     Technology Council'' and inserting ``National Science and 
     Technology Council Subcommittee on Ocean Science and 
     Technology'';
       (3) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as 
     paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively;
       (4) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated, 
     the following:
       ``(1) Coastal acidification.--The term `coastal 
     acidification' means the decrease in pH and changes in the 
     water chemistry of coastal oceans, estuaries, and Great Lakes 
     from atmospheric pollution, freshwater inputs, and excess 
     nutrient run-off from land.''; and
       (5) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(5) State.--The term `State' means each State of the 
     United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of 
     Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the 
     Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United 
     States, and any other territory or possession of the United 
     States.''.

     SEC. 10644. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

       Section 12404 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research 
     and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3703) is amended--
       (1) in the heading, by striking ``subcommittee'' and 
     inserting ``working group'';
       (2) in subsection (a)--
       (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Joint Subcommittee on 
     Ocean Science and Technology of the National Science and 
     Technology Council shall coordinate Federal activities on 
     ocean acidification and establish'' and insert ``Subcommittee 
     shall coordinate Federal activities on ocean and coastal 
     acidification and establish and maintain'';
       (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``Wildlife Service,'' and 
     inserting ``Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Ocean Energy 
     Management, the Environmental Protection Agency, the 
     Department of Agriculture, the Department of State, the 
     Department of Energy, the Department of the Navy, the 
     National Park Service, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the 
     National Institute of Standards and Technology, the 
     Smithsonian Institution,''; and
       (C) in paragraph (3), in the heading, by striking 
     ``Chairman'' and inserting ``Chair'';
       (3) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in paragraph (2)--
       (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and coastal 
     acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
       (ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``and coastal 
     acidification'' after ``ocean acidification'';
       (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a 
     semicolon; and
       (C) in paragraph (5)--
       (i) by inserting ``, and contribute to as appropriate,'' 
     after ``designate'';
       (ii) by striking ``developed'' and inserting ``and coastal 
     acidification developed''; and
       (iii) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``and 
     coastal acidification; and''.
       (4) in subsection (c)--
       (A) in paragraph (2)--
       (i) by inserting ``until 2032'' after ``every 2 years 
     thereafter'';
       (ii) by inserting ``, and to the Office of Management and 
     Budget,'' after ``House of Representatives''; and
       (iii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``the interagency 
     research'' and inserting ``interagency strategic research'';
       (B) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``until 2031'' after 
     ``at least once every 5 years''; and
       (C) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``until 2032'' after 
     ``and every 6 years thereafter'';
       (5) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (e); and
       (6) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
       ``(c) Advisory Board.--
       ``(1) Establishment.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall 
     establish an Ocean Acidification Advisory Board.
       ``(2) Duties.--The Advisory Board shall--
       ``(A) maintain a process for reviewing and making 
     recommendations to the Subcommittee on--
       ``(i) the biennial report specified in subsection (d)(2); 
     and
       ``(ii) the strategic research plan in subsection (d)(3);
       ``(B) provide ongoing advice to the Subcommittee and the 
     interagency working group on matters related to Federal 
     activities on ocean and coastal acidification, including 
     impacts and mitigation of ocean and coastal acidification; 
     and
       ``(C) advise the Subcommittee and the interagency working 
     group on--
       ``(i) efforts to coordinate research and monitoring 
     activities related to ocean acidification and coastal 
     acidification; and
       ``(ii) the best practices for the standards developed for 
     data archiving under section 12406(d).
       ``(3) Membership.--The Advisory Board shall consist of 25 
     members as follows:
       ``(A) Two representatives of the shellfish, lobster, or 
     crab industry.
       ``(B) One representative of the finfish industry.
       ``(C) One representative of seafood processors.
       ``(D) Three representatives from academia, including both 
     natural and social sciences.
       ``(E) One representative of recreational fishing.

[[Page S3474]]

       ``(F) One representative of a relevant nongovernmental 
     organization.
       ``(G) Six representatives from relevant State and local 
     governments with policy or regulatory authorities related to 
     ocean acidification and coastal acidification.
       ``(H) One representative from the Alaska Ocean 
     Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that represents 
     the same geographical region and has a similar purpose.
       ``(I) One representative from the California Current 
     Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that represents 
     the same geographical region and has a similar purpose.
       ``(J) One representative from the Northeast Coastal 
     Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that represents 
     the same geographical region and has a similar purpose.
       ``(K) One representative from the Southeast Coastal 
     Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that represents 
     the same geographical region and has a similar purpose.
       ``(L) One representative from the Gulf of Mexico Coastal 
     Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that represents 
     the same geographical region and has a similar purpose.
       ``(M) One representative from the Mid-Atlantic Coastal 
     Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that represents 
     the same geographical region and has a similar purpose.
       ``(N) One representative from the Pacific Islands Ocean 
     Observing System or a subsequent entity that represents the 
     island territories and possessions of the United States in 
     the Pacific Ocean, and the State of Hawaii and has a similar 
     purpose.
       ``(O) One representative from the Caribbean Regional 
     Association for Coastal Ocean Observing or a subsequent 
     entity that represents Puerto Rico and the United States 
     Virgin Islands and has a similar purpose.
       ``(P) One representative from the National Oceanic and 
     Atmospheric Administration Olympic Coast Ocean Acidification 
     Sentinel Site or a subsequent entity that represents the same 
     geographical representation.
       ``(Q) One representative from the National Oceanic and 
     Atmospheric Administration shall serve as an ex-officio 
     member of the Advisory Board without a vote.
       ``(4) Appointment of members.--The Chair of the 
     Subcommittee shall--
       ``(A) appoint members to the Advisory Board (taking into 
     account the geographical interests of each individual to be 
     appointed as a member of the Advisory Board to ensure that an 
     appropriate balance of geographical interests are represented 
     by the members of the Advisory Board) who--
       ``(i) represent the interest group for which each seat is 
     designated;
       ``(ii) demonstrate expertise on ocean acidification or 
     coastal acidification and its scientific, economic, industry, 
     cultural, and community impacts; and
       ``(iii) have a record of distinguished service with respect 
     to ocean acidification or coastal acidification, and such 
     impacts;
       ``(B) give consideration to nominations and recommendations 
     from the members of the interagency working group and the 
     public for such appointments; and
       ``(C) ensure that an appropriate balance of scientific, 
     industry, State and local resource managers, and geographical 
     interests are represented by the members of the Advisory 
     Board.
       ``(5) Term of membership.--Each member of the Advisory 
     Board--
       ``(A) shall be appointed for a 5-year term; and
       ``(B) may be appointed to no more than two terms.
       ``(6) Chair.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall appoint 
     one member of the Advisory Board to serve as the Chair of the 
     Advisory Board.
       ``(7) Meetings.--Not less than once each calendar year, the 
     Advisory Board shall meet at such times and places as may be 
     designated by the Chair of the Advisory Board, in 
     consultation with the Chair of the Subcommittee and the Chair 
     of the interagency working group.
       ``(8) Briefing.--The Chair of the Advisory Board shall 
     brief the Subcommittee and the interagency working group on 
     the progress of the Advisory Board as necessary or at the 
     request of the Subcommittee.
       ``(9) Tribal government engagement and coordination.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Advisory Board shall maintain 
     mechanisms for coordination, and engagement with Tribal 
     governments.
       ``(i) Rule of construction.--Nothing in subparagraph (A) 
     may be construed as affecting any requirement to consult with 
     Indian Tribes under Executive Order 13175 (25 U.S.C. 5301 
     note; relating to consultation and coordination with Tribal 
     governments) or any other applicable law or policy.
       ``(10) Federal advisory committee act.--Section 14 of the 
     Federal Advisory Committee Act shall not apply to the 
     Advisory Board for 10 years from the date of enactment of 
     this Act.
       ``(d) Prize Competitions.--
       ``(1) In general.--Any Federal agency with a representative 
     serving on the interagency working group established under 
     this section may, either individually or in cooperation with 
     one or more agencies, carry out a program to award prizes 
     competitively under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
     Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719). An agency 
     seeking to carry out such a program shall carry out such 
     program in coordination with the chair of such interagency 
     working group.
       ``(2) Purposes.--Any prize competition carried out under 
     this subsection shall be for the purpose of stimulating 
     innovation to advance our Nation's ability to understand, 
     research, or monitor ocean acidification or its impacts, or 
     to develop management or adaptation options for responding to 
     ocean and coastal acidification.
       ``(3) Priority programs.--Priority shall be given to 
     establishing programs under this section that address 
     communities, environments, or industries that are in distress 
     due to the impacts of ocean and coastal acidification.''.

     SEC. 10645. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.

       Section 12405 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research 
     and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3704) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)--
       (A) by striking ``acidification'' each place it appears and 
     inserting ``acidification and coastal acidification'';
       (B) in the first sentence--
       (i) by inserting ``, and not later than every 5 years 
     following the publication of each subsequent strategic 
     research plan until 2035'' after ``the date of enactment of 
     this Act'';
       (ii) by inserting ``address the socioeconomic impacts of 
     ocean acidification and coastal acidification and to'' after 
     ``mitigation strategies to''; and
       (iii) by striking ``marine ecosystems'' each place it 
     appears and inserting ``ecosystems''; and
       (C) in the second sentence, by striking ``National Academy 
     of Sciences in the review of the plan required under 
     subsection (d)'', and inserting ``Advisory Board established 
     in section 12404(c)'';
       (2) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and social sciences'' 
     after ``among the ocean sciences'';
       (B) in paragraph (2)--
       (i) in subparagraph (B)--

       (I) by striking ``improve the ability to assess the'' and 
     inserting ``assess the short-term and long-term''; and
       (II) by striking ``; and'' at the end and inserting a 
     semicolon;

       (ii) by amending subparagraph (C) to read as follows:
       ``(C) provide information for the development of adaptation 
     and mitigation strategies to address--
       ``(i) socioeconomic impacts of ocean acidification and 
     coastal acidification;
       ``(ii) conservation of marine organisms and ecosystems;
       ``(iii) assessment of the effectiveness of such adaptation 
     and mitigation strategies; and''; and
       (iii) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(D) improve research on--
       ``(i) ocean acidification and coastal acidification;
       ``(ii) the interactions between and effects of ocean and 
     coastal acidification and multiple combined stressors 
     including changes in water chemistry, changes in sediment 
     delivery, hypoxia, and harmful algal blooms, on ocean 
     acidification and coastal acidification; and
       ``(iii) the effect or effects of clauses (i) and (ii) on 
     marine resources and ecosystems;'';
       (C) in paragraph (3)--
       (i) in subparagraph (F), by striking ``database 
     development'' and inserting ``data management'';
       (ii) in subparagraph (H) by striking ``and'' at the end; 
     and
       (iii) by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:
       ``(J) assessment of adaptation and mitigation strategies; 
     and
       ``(K) education and outreach activities;'';
       (D) in paragraph (4), by striking ``set forth'' and 
     inserting ``ensure an appropriate balance of contribution in 
     establishing'';
       (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``reports'' and inserting 
     ``the best available peer-reviewed scientific reports'';
       (F) in paragraph (6)--
       (i) by inserting ``and coastal acidification'' after 
     ``ocean acidification''; and
       (ii) by striking ``of the United States'' and inserting 
     ``within the United States'';
       (G) in paragraph (8)--
       (i) by inserting ``and coastal acidification'' after 
     ``ocean acidification'' each place it appears;
       (ii) by striking ``its'' and inserting ``their''; and
       (iii) by striking ``; and'' at the end and inserting a 
     semicolon;
       (H) in paragraph (9), by striking ``and'' at the end
       (I) in paragraph (10), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting a semicolon; and
       (J) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(11) describe monitoring needs necessary to support 
     potentially affected industry members, coastal stakeholders, 
     fishery management councils and commissions, Tribal 
     governments, non-Federal resource managers, and scientific 
     experts on decision-making and adaptation related to ocean 
     acidification and coastal acidification; and
       ``(12) describe the extent to which the Subcommittee 
     incorporated feedback from the Advisory Board established in 
     section 12404(c).'';
       (3) in subsection (c)--
       (A) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ``surface'';
       (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``and coastal 
     acidification'' after ``ocean acidification'' each place it 
     appears;
       (C) in paragraph (3)--

[[Page S3475]]

       (i) by striking ``input, and'' and inserting ``inputs,'';
       (ii) by inserting ``, marine food webs,'' after ``marine 
     ecosystems''; and
       (iii) by inserting ``, and modeling that supports fisheries 
     management'' after ``marine organisms'';
       (D) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``and coastal 
     acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
       (E) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(8) Research to understand related and cumulative 
     stressors and other biogeochemical processes occurring in 
     conjunction with ocean acidification and coastal 
     acidification.''; and
       (4) by striking subsections (d) and (e) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(d) Publication.--Concurrent with the submission of the 
     plan to Congress, the Subcommittee shall publish the plan on 
     a public website.''.

     SEC. 10646. NOAA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

       Section 12406 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research 
     and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3705) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)--
       (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting 
     ``coordination,'' after ``research, monitoring,'';
       (B) in paragraph (1)--
       (i) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``including 
     leveraging, as appropriate, the Integrated Ocean Observing 
     System and the ocean observing assets of other Federal, 
     State, and Tribal agencies,'' after ``ocean observing 
     assets,'';
       (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (C), (D), (E), and (F) 
     as subparagraphs (E), (G), (H), and (I), respectively;
       (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following new 
     subparagraphs:
       ``(C) prioritization of the location of monitoring 
     instruments, assets, and projects to maximize the efficiency 
     of resources and agency and department missions;
       ``(D) an optimization of understanding of socioeconomic 
     impacts and ecosystem health''.
       (iv) in subparagraph (E), as so redesignated, by striking 
     ``adaptation'' and inserting ``adaptation and mitigation'';
       (v) by inserting after subparagraph (E), as so 
     redesignated, the following new subparagraph:
       ``(F) technical assistance to socioeconomically vulnerable 
     States, local governments, Tribal governments, communities, 
     and industries impacted by ocean and coastal acidification to 
     support their development of ocean and coastal acidification 
     mitigation strategies;''.
       (vi) in subparagraph (H), as so redesignated--

       (I) by striking ``its impacts'' and inserting ``their 
     respective impacts'';
       (II) by striking ``and'' at the end;

       (vii) in subparagraph (I), as so redesignated--

       (I) by striking ``monitoring and impacts research'' and 
     inserting ``research, monitoring, and adaptation and 
     mitigation strategies''; and
       (II) by striking the period at the end and inserting a 
     semicolon; and

       (viii) by adding at the end the following new 
     subparagraphs:
       ``(J) research to improve understanding of--
       ``(i) the impact of ocean acidification and coastal 
     acidification; and
       ``(ii) how multiple environmental stressors may contribute 
     to and exacerbate ocean and coastal acidification on living 
     marine resources and coastal ecosystems; and
       ``(K) research to support the development of adaptation and 
     mitigation strategies to address the socioeconomic impacts of 
     ocean and coastal acidification on coastal communities;'';
       (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``critical research 
     projects that explore'' and inserting ``critical research, 
     education, and outreach projects that explore and 
     communicate''; and
       (D) in paragraphs (1) and (2), by striking 
     ``acidification'' each place it appears and inserting 
     ``acidification and coastal acidification''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
       ``(c) Relationship to Interagency Working Group.--The 
     National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall serve 
     as the lead Federal agency responsible for coordinating the 
     Federal response to ocean and coastal acidification. The 
     Administration may enter into Memoranda of Understanding to--
       ``(1) coordinate monitoring and research efforts among 
     Federal agencies in cooperation with State, local, and Tribal 
     governments and international partners; this may include 
     analysis and synthesis of the results of monitoring and 
     research;
       ``(2) maintain an Ocean Acidification Information Exchange 
     described under section 12404(b)(5) to allow for information 
     to be electronically accessible, including information--
       ``(A) on ocean acidification developed through or used by 
     the ocean acidification program described under subsection 
     (a); or
       ``(B) that would be useful to State governments, local 
     governments, Tribal governments, resource managers, 
     policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders in 
     mitigating or adapting to the impacts of ocean acidification 
     and coastal acidification; and
       ``(3) establishing and maintaining the data archive system 
     under subsection (d).
       ``(d) Data Archive System.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the 
     members of the interagency working group, shall support the 
     long-term stewardship of, and access to, data relating to 
     ocean and coastal acidification through providing the data on 
     a publicly accessible data archive system. To the extent 
     possible, this data archive system shall collect and provide 
     access to ocean and coastal acidification data--
       ``(A) from relevant federally funded research;
       ``(B) provided by a Federal, State, or local government, 
     academic scientist, citizen scientist, or industry 
     organization;
       ``(C) voluntarily submitted by Tribes or Tribal 
     governments; and
       ``(D) from existing global or national data assets that are 
     currently maintained within Federal agencies.
       ``(2) Data standards.--The Secretary to, the extent 
     possible, shall ensure all such data adheres to data and 
     metadata standards to support the public findability, 
     accessibility, interoperability, and reusability of such 
     data.''.

     SEC. 10647. NSF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

       Section 12407 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research 
     and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3706) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``ocean acidification'' each place it 
     appears and inserting ``ocean acidification and coastal 
     acidification'';
       (2) in subsection (a)--
       (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
     ``its impacts'' and inserting ``their respective impacts'';
       (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and its impacts'' and 
     inserting ``and their respective impacts'';
       (C) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and 
     inserting ``; and''; and
       (D) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(5) adaptation and mitigation strategies to address 
     socioeconomic effects of ocean acidification and coastal 
     acidification.''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(d) Requirement.--Recipients of grants from the National 
     Science Foundation under this subtitle that collect data 
     described under section 12406(d) shall--
       ``(1) collect data in accordance with the standards, 
     protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section 
     12406(d); and
       ``(2) submit such data to the Director and the Secretary 
     after publication, in accordance with any rules promulgated 
     by the Director or the Secretary.''.

     SEC. 10648. NASA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

       Section 12408 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research 
     and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3707) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``ocean acidification'' each place it 
     appears and inserting ``ocean acidification and coastal 
     acidification'';
       (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``its impacts'' and 
     inserting ``their respective impacts''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(d) Requirement.--Researchers from the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration under this subtitle that 
     collect data described under section 12406(d) shall--
       ``(1) collect such data in accordance with the standards, 
     protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section 
     12406(d); and
       ``(2) submit such data to the Administrator and the 
     Secretary, in accordance with any rules promulgated by the 
     Administrator or the Secretary.''.

     SEC. 10649. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       Section 12409 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research 
     and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3708) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all 
     that follows through paragraph (4) and inserting the 
     following: ``subtitle--
       ``(1) $20,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(2) $22,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(3) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(4) $26,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(5) $28,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''; and
       (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all 
     that follows through paragraph (4) and inserting the 
     following: ``subtitle, $20,000,000 for each of the fiscal 
     years 2023 through 2027.''.

                 Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

     SEC. 10651. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

       (a) Establishment.--The Director of the Office of Science 
     and Technology Policy, acting through the National Science 
     and Technology Council, shall establish or designate an 
     interagency working group to coordinate the activities 
     specified in subsection (c).
       (b) Composition.--The interagency working group shall be 
     composed of the following members (or their designees), who 
     may be organized into subcommittees, as appropriate:
       (1) The Secretary of Commerce.
       (2) The Director of the National Science Foundation.
       (3) The Secretary of Energy.
       (4) The Secretary of Defense.
       (5) The Director of the National Economic Council.
       (6) The Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
       (7) The Secretary of Health and Human Services.
       (8) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration.

[[Page S3476]]

       (9) The Secretary of Agriculture.
       (10) The Director of National Intelligence.
       (11) The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
       (12) Such other Federal officials as the Director of the 
     Office of Science and Technology Policy considers 
     appropriate, including members of the National Science and 
     Technology Council Committee on Technology.
       (c) Coordination.--The interagency working group shall seek 
     to ensure that the activities of different Federal agencies 
     enhance and complement, but, as appropriate, do not 
     duplicate, efforts being carried out by another Federal 
     agency, with a focus on the following:
       (1) The activities of the National Science Foundation 
     Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships Directorate in the 
     key technology focus areas, such as within the Regional 
     Innovation Engines under section 10388 and test beds under 
     section 10390.
       (2) The activities of the Department of Commerce under this 
     division, including regional technology hubs under section 28 
     of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et 
     seq.), as added by section 10621, the Manufacturing USA 
     Program established under section 34(b)(1) of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
     278s(b)(1)), and the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
     Partnership (15 U.S.C. 278k).
       (3) The activities of the Department of Energy in the key 
     technology focus areas, including at the national 
     laboratories, and at Federal laboratories, as defined in 
     section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act 
     of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703), and facilities and user facilities 
     operated in partnership with such national laboratories or 
     the Department of Energy.
       (4) Any other program that the Director of the Office of 
     Science and Technology Policy determines involves research 
     and development with respect to the key technology focus 
     areas.
       (d) Report.--The interagency working group shall--
       (1) by not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
     of this division--
       (A) conduct an initial review of Federal programs and 
     resources with respect to the key technology focus areas 
     identified pursuant to section 10387(a)(2), in order to--
       (i) assess current level of efforts and characterize 
     existing research infrastructure, as of the date of the 
     review;
       (ii) identify potential areas of overlap or duplication 
     with respect to the key technology focus areas; and
       (iii) identify potential cross-agency collaborations and 
     joint funding opportunities; and
       (B) submit a report regarding the review described in 
     subparagraph (A) to Congress; and
       (C) seek stakeholder input and recommendations in the 
     course of such review; and
       (2) shall carry out the annual reviews and updates required 
     under section 10387(e).
       (e) Conflicts.--If any conflicts between Federal agencies 
     arise while carrying out the activities under this section, 
     the President shall make the final decision regarding 
     resolution of the conflict.

           Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

     SEC. 10661. QUANTUM NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
     the National Science Foundation.
       (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
     ``appropriate committees of Congress'' has the meaning given 
     such term in section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
     (15 U.S.C. 8801).
       (3) Q2work program.--The term ``Q2Work Program'' means the 
     Q2Work Program supported by the Foundation.
       (b) Quantum Networking Working Group Report on Quantum 
     Networking and Communications.--
       (1) Report.--Section 103 of the National Quantum Initiative 
     Act (15 U.S.C. 8813) is amended by adding the following at 
     the end the following new subsection:
       ``(h) Report on Quantum Networking and Communications.--
       ``(1) In general.--Not later than January 1, 2026, the 
     Quantum Networking Working Group within the Subcommittee on 
     Quantum Information Science of the National Science and 
     Technology Council, in coordination with the Subcommittee on 
     the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Information 
     Science, shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
     Congress a report detailing a plan for the advancement of 
     quantum networking and communications technology in the 
     United States, building on the report entitled A Strategic 
     Vision for America's Quantum Networks and A Coordinated 
     Approach for Quantum Networking Research.
       ``(2) Requirements.--The report under paragraph (1) shall 
     include the following:
       ``(A) An update to the report entitled Coordinated Approach 
     to Quantum Networking Research Report focusing on a framework 
     for interagency collaboration regarding the advancement of 
     quantum networking and communications research.
       ``(B) A plan for Federal Government partnership with the 
     private sector and interagency collaboration regarding 
     engagement in international standards for quantum networking 
     and communications technology, including a list of Federal 
     priorities for standards relating to such networking and 
     technology.
       ``(C) A proposal for the protection of national security 
     interests relating to the advancement of quantum networking 
     and communications technology.
       ``(D) An assessment of the relative position of the United 
     States with respect to other countries in the global race to 
     develop, demonstrate, and utilize quantum networking and 
     communications technology.
       ``(E) Recommendations to Congress for legislative action 
     relating to the matters considered under subparagraphs (A), 
     (B), (C), and (D).
       ``(F) Such other matters as the Quantum Network Working 
     Group considers necessary to advance the security of 
     communications and network infrastructure, remain at the 
     forefront of scientific discovery in the quantum information 
     science domain, and transition quantum information science 
     research into the emerging quantum technology economy.''.
       (c) Quantum Networking and Communications Research and 
     Standardization.--
       (1) Research.--Subsection (a) of section 201 of the 
     National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8831) is amended 
     by--
       (A) redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as paragraphs (6) 
     and (7), respectively; and
       (B) inserting after paragraph (2) the following new 
     paragraphs:
       ``(3) shall carry out research to facilitate the 
     development and standardization of quantum cryptography and 
     post-quantum classical cryptography;
       ``(4) shall carry out research to facilitate the 
     development and standardization of quantum networking, 
     communications, and sensing technologies and applications;
       ``(5) for quantum technologies determined by the Director 
     of the National Institute of Standards and Technology to be 
     at a readiness level sufficient for standardization, shall 
     provide technical review and assistance to such other Federal 
     agencies as the Director considers appropriate for the 
     development of quantum networking infrastructure 
     standards;''.
       (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Scientific and Technical Research 
     and Services account of the National Institute of Standards 
     and Technology to carry out paragraphs (3) through (5) of 
     subsection (a) of section 201 of the National Quantum 
     Initiative Act (as inserted pursuant to the amendments made 
     by paragraph (1) of this subsection) $15,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
       (d) Quantum Information Science Workforce Evaluation and 
     Acceleration.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
     agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, 
     Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study to evaluate and 
     make recommendations for the quantum information science 
     workforce. The study shall--
       (A) characterize the quantum information science workforce, 
     including by--
       (i) describing what constitutes a quantum information 
     science qualified worker across sectors, including academia, 
     the Federal Government, and industry; and
       (ii) describing the size and makeup of the quantum 
     information science workforce, including an assessment of 
     current and future trends;
       (B) identify near- and long-term quantum information 
     science workforce needs across government, academia, and 
     industry sectors, including identifying the cross-
     disciplinary academic degrees or academic courses necessary 
     to--
       (i) prepare students for multiple career pathways in 
     quantum information sciences and related fields;
       (ii) ensure the United States is competitive in the field 
     of quantum information science while preserving national 
     security; and
       (iii) support the development of quantum applications;
       (C) assess the state of quantum information science 
     education and skills training at all education levels and 
     identify gaps in meeting current and future workforce needs, 
     including with respect to--
       (i) elementary, middle, and high-school student access to 
     foundational courses, age-appropriate quantum concepts, and 
     hands-on learning opportunities;
       (ii) elementary, middle, and high-school teacher 
     professional development and access to resources, materials, 
     lesson plans, modules, and curricula;
       (iii) career pivot and skills training opportunities, 
     including professional certificates and internships; and
       (iv) higher education curricula, laboratory experiences in 
     academia, the Federal Government, and industry settings, and 
     cross-discipline degree programs aligned with workforce 
     needs; and
       (D) make recommendations for developing a diverse, 
     flexible, and sustainable quantum information science 
     workforce that meets the evolving needs of academia, the 
     Federal Government, and industry.
       (2) Report.--Not later than two years after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the National Academies of Science, 
     Engineering, and Medicine shall submit to Congress and the 
     Director a report containing the results of the study 
     conducted pursuant to paragraph (1).
       (e) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--
       (1) In general.--Section 301 of the National Quantum 
     Initiative Act (15 U.S.C.

[[Page S3477]]

     8841) is amended by adding the following at the end:
       ``(d) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
     Foundation shall, through programs carried out or supported 
     by the National Science Foundation, seek to increase the 
     integration of quantum information science and engineering 
     (referred to in this subsection as `QISE') into the STEM 
     curriculum at all education levels, including community 
     colleges, as considered appropriate by the Director.
       ``(2) Curriculum integration.--The curriculum integration 
     under paragraph (1) may include the following:
       ``(A) Methods to conceptualize QISE for elementary, middle, 
     and high school curricula.
       ``(B) Methods for strengthening foundational mathematics 
     and science curricula.
       ``(C) Methods for integrating students who are underserved 
     or historically underrepresented groups in STEM.
       ``(D) Age-appropriate materials that apply the principles 
     of quantum information science in STEM fields.
       ``(E) Recommendations for the standardization of key 
     concepts, definitions, and curriculum criteria across 
     government, academia, and industry.
       ``(F) Materials that specifically address the findings and 
     outcomes of the study to evaluate and make recommendations 
     for the quantum information science workforce pursuant to 
     subsection (d) of section 10661 of the Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act and strategies 
     to account for the skills and workforce needs identified 
     through such study.
       ``(3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
     Director shall coordinate with relevant Federal agencies, and 
     consult with nongovernmental entities with expertise in QISE, 
     as appropriate, which may include institutions eligible to 
     participate in the Established Program to Stimulate 
     Competitive Research (EPSCoR).
       ``(4) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `STEM' 
     means the academic and professional disciplines of science, 
     technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer 
     science.''.
       (f) Quantum Education Pilot Program.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Director, building on the 
     National Science Foundation's role in the National Q-12 
     Education Partnership and programs such as Q2Work Program, 
     shall make awards to institutions of higher education, non-
     profit organizations, or consortia thereof to carry out a 
     pilot program, to be known as the ``Next Generation Quantum 
     Leaders Pilot Program'' (in this subsection referred to as 
     the ``Program''), for the education and training of the next 
     generation of students and teachers in the fundamental 
     principles of quantum mechanics.
       (2) Requirements.--
       (A) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the Director 
     shall--
       (i) encourage awardees to coordinate with educational 
     service agencies (as such term ``educational service agency'' 
     is defined in section 602(5) of the Individuals with 
     Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 (20 U.S.C. 
     1401(5))), associations that support STEM educators or local 
     educational agencies, and partnerships through the Q-12 
     Education Partnership, to encourage elementary schools, 
     middle schools, and secondary schools, and State educational 
     agencies to participate in the Program;
       (ii) require that awardees partner with elementary schools, 
     middle schools, or secondary schools, or consortia thereof, 
     and State educational agencies, to carry out activities under 
     the Program;
       (B) Use of funds.--In carrying out the Program, the 
     Director shall make competitive, merit-reviewed awards to--
       (i) support testing, evaluation, dissemination, and 
     implementation of age-appropriate quantum information 
     sciences curricula and resources, including the integration 
     of quantum information science and engineering into the STEM 
     curriculum pursuant to subsection (d) of section 301 of the 
     National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8841), as added by 
     subsection (e);
       (ii) support opportunities for informal education on 
     quantum concepts, including informal hands-on learning 
     opportunities;
       (iii) support opportunities for students to further explore 
     quantum information science education and related careers;
       (iv) develop and implement training, research, and 
     professional development programs for teachers, including 
     innovative pre-service and in-service programs, in quantum 
     information science and related fields; and
       (v) carry out such other activities as the Director 
     determines appropriate.
       (C) Distribution.--In carrying out the Program and to the 
     extent practicable, the Director shall ensure there is a 
     wide, equitable distribution of Program participants across 
     diverse geographic areas and that the Program includes a 
     diverse representation of students, including students from 
     groups historically underrepresented in STEM.
       (3) Consultation.--The Director shall carry out the Program 
     in consultation with the QIS Workforce Working Group of the 
     Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National 
     Science and Technology Council and the Advancing Informal 
     STEM Learning Program.
       (4) Reporting.--Not later than four years after the date of 
     the enactment of this section, the Director shall submit to 
     Congress a report that includes the following:
       (A) An assessment, that includes feedback from a wide range 
     of stakeholders in academia, K-12 education, and the private 
     sector, of the effectiveness of the Program in scaling up 
     implementation of effective quantum education and training 
     innovations.
       (B) If determined to be effective, a plan for integrating 
     the Program into existing programs, including the feasibility 
     and advisability of expanding the scope of the Program to 
     include additional technology areas, grade levels, and 
     educational institutions beyond those originally selected to 
     participate in the Program.
       (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Director $8,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2026 to carry out this section.
       (6) Termination.--This subsection shall terminate on the 
     date that is four years after the date of the enactment of 
     this Act.

                   Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

     SEC. 10671. ESTABLISHMENT OF BLOCKCHAIN AND CRYPTOCURRENCY 
                   SPECIALIST POSITION WITHIN OSTP.

       The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
     shall establish or designate a blockchain and 
     cryptocurrencies advisory specialist position within the 
     Office to coordinate Federal activities and advise the 
     President on matters of research and development relating to 
     blockchain, cryptocurrencies, and distributed ledger 
     technologies.

      Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

     SEC. 10691. FOUNDATION FOR ENERGY SECURITY AND INNOVATION.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the Board of Directors 
     described in subsection (b)(2)(A).
       (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
     Department of Energy.
       (3) Executive director.--The term ``Executive Director'' 
     means the Executive Director described in subsection 
     (b)(5)(A).
       (4) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the 
     Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation established 
     under subsection (b)(1).
       (5) Historically black college or university.--The term 
     ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
     given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
     Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
       (6) Individual laboratory-associated foundation.--The term 
     ``Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation'' means a 
     Laboratory Foundation established by an operating contractor 
     of a National Laboratory.
       (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority 
     serving institution'' means a Hispanic-serving institution as 
     defined in section 502 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
     (20 U.S.C. 1101a), an Alaska Native-serving institution and a 
     Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section in 
     317 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d), or 
     a Predominantly Black Institution, Asian American and Native 
     American Pacific Islander-serving institution, or a Native 
     American-serving nontribal institution as defined in section 
     371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q).
       (8) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
     has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
       (9) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
     of Energy.
       (10) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
     College or University'' has the meaning given in section 316 
     of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).
       (b) Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.--
       (1) Establishment.--
       (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a 
     nonprofit corporation to be known as the ``Foundation for 
     Energy Security and Innovation''.
       (B) Mission.--The mission of the Foundation shall be--
       (i) to support the mission of the Department; and
       (ii) to advance collaboration with energy researchers, 
     institutions of higher education, industry, and nonprofit and 
     philanthropic organizations to accelerate the 
     commercialization of energy technologies.
       (C) Limitation.--The Foundation shall not be an agency or 
     instrumentality of the Federal Government.
       (D) Tax-exempt status.--The Board shall take all necessary 
     and appropriate steps to ensure that the Foundation is an 
     organization that is described in section 501(c) of the 
     Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from taxation under 
     section 501(a) of that Code.
       (E) Collaboration with existing organizations.--The 
     Secretary may collaborate with 1 or more organizations to 
     establish the Foundation and carry out the activities of the 
     Foundation.
       (2) Board of directors.--
       (A) Establishment.--The Foundation shall be governed by a 
     Board of Directors.
       (B) Composition.--
       (i) In general.--The Board shall be composed of the ex 
     officio nonvoting members described in clause (ii) and the 
     appointed voting members described in clause (iii).
       (ii) Ex officio members.--The ex officio members of the 
     Board shall be the following individuals or designees of 
     those individuals:

       (I) The Secretary.

[[Page S3478]]

       (II) The Under Secretary for Science.
       (III) The Under Secretary for Nuclear Security.
       (IV) The Chief Commercialization Officer.

       (iii) Appointed members.--

       (I) Initial members.--The Secretary and the other ex 
     officio members of the Board shall--

       (aa) seek to enter into an agreement with the National 
     Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to develop a 
     list of individuals to serve as members of the Board who are 
     well-qualified and will meet the requirements of subclauses 
     (II) and (III); and
       (bb) appoint the initial members of the Board from that 
     list, if applicable, in consultation with the National 
     Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

       (II) Representation.--The appointed members of the Board 
     shall reflect a broad cross-section of stakeholders from 
     academia, National Laboratories, industry, nonprofit 
     organizations, State or local governments, the investment 
     community, and the philanthropic community.
       (III) Experience.--The Secretary shall ensure that a 
     majority of the appointed members of the Board--

       (aa)(AA) has experience in the energy sector;
       (BB) has research experience in the energy field; or
       (CC) has experience in technology commercialization or 
     foundation operations; and
       (bb) to the extent practicable, represents diverse regions, 
     sectors, and communities.
       (C) Chair and vice chair.--
       (i) In general.--The Board shall designate from among the 
     members of the Board--

       (I) an individual to serve as Chair of the Board; and
       (II) an individual to serve as Vice Chair of the Board.

       (ii) Terms.--The term of service of the Chair and Vice 
     Chair of the Board shall end on the earlier of--

       (I) the date that is 3 years after the date on which the 
     Chair or Vice Chair of the Board, as applicable, is 
     designated for the position; and
       (II) the last day of the term of service of the member, as 
     determined under subparagraph (D)(i), who is designated to be 
     Chair or Vice Chair of the Board, as applicable.

       (iii) Representation.--The Chair and Vice Chair of the 
     Board--

       (I) shall not be representatives of the same area of 
     subject matter expertise, or entity, as applicable, under 
     subparagraph (B)(iii)(II); and
       (II) shall not be representatives of any area of subject 
     matter expertise, or entity, as applicable, represented by 
     the immediately preceding Chair and Vice Chair of the Board.

       (D) Terms and vacancies.--
       (i) Terms.--

       (I) In general.--The term of service of each appointed 
     member of the Board shall be not more than 5 years.
       (II) Initial appointed members.--Of the initial members of 
     the Board appointed under subparagraph (B)(iii)(I), half of 
     the members shall serve for 4 years and half of the members 
     shall serve for 5 years, as determined by the Chair of the 
     Board.

       (ii) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the membership of the 
     appointed members of the Board--

       (I) shall be filled in accordance with the bylaws of the 
     Foundation by an individual capable of representing the same 
     area or entity, as applicable, as represented by the vacating 
     board member under subparagraph (B)(iii)(II);
       (II) shall not affect the power of the remaining appointed 
     members to execute the duties of the Board; and
       (III) shall be filled by an individual selected by the 
     Board.

       (E) Meetings; quorum.--
       (i) Initial meeting.--Not later than 60 days after the 
     Board is established, the Secretary shall convene a meeting 
     of the ex officio and appointed members of the Board to 
     incorporate the Foundation.
       (ii) Quorum.--A majority of the appointed members of the 
     Board shall constitute a quorum for purposes of conducting 
     the business of the Board.
       (F) Duties.--The Board shall--
       (i) establish bylaws for the Foundation in accordance with 
     subparagraph (G);
       (ii) provide overall direction for the activities of the 
     Foundation and establish priority activities;
       (iii) carry out any other necessary activities of the 
     Foundation;
       (iv) evaluate the performance of the Executive Director; 
     and
       (v) actively solicit and accept funds, gifts, grants, 
     devises, or bequests of real or personal property to the 
     Foundation, including from private entities.
       (G) Bylaws.--
       (i) In general.--The bylaws established under subparagraph 
     (F)(i) may include--

       (I) policies for the selection of Board members, officers, 
     employees, agents, and contractors of the Foundation;
       (II) policies, including ethical standards, for--

       (aa) the acceptance, solicitation, and disposition of 
     donations and grants to the Foundation, including appropriate 
     limits on the ability of donors to designate, by stipulation 
     or restriction, the use or recipient of donated funds; and
       (bb) the disposition of assets of the Foundation;

       (III) policies that subject all employees, fellows, 
     trainees, and other agents of the Foundation (including ex 
     officio and appointed members of the Board) to conflict of 
     interest standards; and
       (IV) the specific duties of the Executive Director.

       (ii) Requirements.--The Board shall ensure that the bylaws 
     of the Foundation and the activities carried out under those 
     bylaws shall not--

       (I) reflect unfavorably on the ability of the Foundation to 
     carry out activities in a fair and objective manner; or
       (II) compromise, or appear to compromise, the integrity of 
     any governmental agency or program, or any officer or 
     employee employed by, or involved in, a governmental agency 
     or program.

       (H) Compensation.--
       (i) In general.--No member of the Board shall receive 
     compensation for serving on the Board.
       (ii) Certain expenses.--In accordance with the bylaws of 
     the Foundation, members of the Board may be reimbursed for 
     travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, 
     and other necessary expenses incurred in carrying out the 
     duties of the Board.
       (I) Restriction on membership.--No employee of the 
     Department shall be appointed as a member of the Board of 
     Directors.
       (3) Purposes.--The purposes of the Foundation are--
       (A) to support the Department in carrying out the mission 
     of the Department to ensure the security and prosperity of 
     the United States by addressing energy and environmental 
     challenges through transformative science and technology 
     solutions; and
       (B) to increase private and philanthropic sector 
     investments that support efforts to create, characterize, 
     develop, test, validate, and deploy or commercialize 
     innovative technologies that address crosscutting national 
     energy challenges, including those affecting minority, rural, 
     and other underserved communities, by methods that include--
       (i) fostering collaboration and partnerships with 
     researchers from the Federal Government, State governments, 
     institutions of higher education, including historically 
     Black colleges or universities, Tribal Colleges or 
     Universities, and minority-serving institutions, federally 
     funded research and development centers, industry, and 
     nonprofit organizations for the research, development, or 
     commercialization of transformative energy and associated 
     technologies;
       (ii) strengthening and sharing best practices relating to 
     regional economic development through scientific and energy 
     innovation, including in partnership with an Individual 
     Laboratory-Associated Foundation;
       (iii) promoting new product development that supports job 
     creation;
       (iv) administering prize competitions--

       (I) to accelerate private sector competition and 
     investment; and
       (II) that complement the use of prize authority by the 
     Department;

       (v) supporting programs that advance technology maturation, 
     especially where there may be gaps in Federal or private 
     funding in advancing a technology to deployment or 
     commercialization from the prototype stage to a commercial 
     stage;
       (vi) supporting efforts to broaden participation in energy 
     technology development among individuals from historically 
     underrepresented groups or regions; and
       (vii) facilitating access to Department facilities, 
     equipment, and expertise to assist in tackling national 
     challenges.
       (4) Activities.--
       (A) Studies, competitions, and projects.--The Foundation 
     may conduct and support studies, competitions, projects, and 
     other activities that further the purposes of the Foundation 
     described in paragraph (3).
       (B) Fellowships and grants.--
       (i) In general.--The Foundation may award fellowships and 
     grants for activities relating to research, development, 
     demonstration, maturation, or commercialization of energy and 
     other Department-supported technologies.
       (ii) Form of award.--A fellowship or grant under clause (i) 
     may consist of a stipend, health insurance benefits, funds 
     for travel, and funds for other appropriate expenses.
       (iii) Selection.--In selecting a recipient for a fellowship 
     or grant under clause (i), the Foundation--

       (I) shall make the selection based on the technical and 
     commercialization merits of the proposed project of the 
     potential recipient; and
       (II) may consult with a potential recipient regarding the 
     ability of the potential recipient to carry out various 
     projects that would further the purposes of the Foundation 
     described in paragraph (3).

       (iv) National laboratories.--A National Laboratory that 
     applies for or accepts an award under clause (i) shall not be 
     considered to be engaging in a competitive process.
       (C) Accessing facilities and expertise.--The Foundation may 
     work with the Department--
       (i) to leverage the capabilities and facilities of National 
     Laboratories to commercialize technology; and
       (ii) to assist with resources, including by providing 
     information on the assets of each National Laboratory that 
     may enable the deployment and commercialization of 
     technology.
       (D) Training and education.--The Foundation may support 
     programs that provide training to researchers, scientists, 
     other relevant personnel at National Laboratories

[[Page S3479]]

     and institutions of higher education, and previous or current 
     recipients of or applicants for Department funding to help 
     research, develop, demonstrate, deploy, and commercialize 
     federally funded technology.
       (E) Maturation funding.--The Foundation shall support 
     programs that provide maturation funding to researchers to 
     advance the technology of those researchers for the purpose 
     of moving products from a prototype stage to a commercial 
     stage.
       (F) Stakeholder engagement.--The Foundation shall convene, 
     and may consult with, representatives from the Department, 
     institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, the 
     private sector, and commercialization organizations to 
     develop programs for the purposes of the Foundation described 
     in paragraph (3) and to advance the activities of the 
     Foundation.
       (G) Individual and federal laboratory-associated 
     foundations.--
       (i) Definition of covered foundation.--In this 
     subparagraph, the term ``covered foundation'' means each of 
     the following:

       (I) An Individual Laboratory- Associated Foundation.
       (II) A Federal Laboratory- Associated Foundation 
     established pursuant to subsection (c)(1).

       (ii) Support.--The Foundation shall provide support to and 
     collaborate with covered foundations.
       (iii) Guidelines and templates.--For the purpose of 
     providing support under clause (ii), the Secretary shall 
     establish suggested guidelines and templates for covered 
     foundations, including--

       (I) a standard adaptable organizational design for 
     responsible management;
       (II) standard and legally tenable bylaws and money-handling 
     procedures; and
       (III) a standard training curriculum to orient and expand 
     the operating expertise of personnel employed by covered 
     foundations.

       (iv) Affiliations.--Nothing in this subparagraph requires--

       (I) an existing Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation 
     to modify current practices or affiliate with the Foundation; 
     or
       (II) a covered foundation to be bound by charter or 
     corporate bylaws as permanently affiliated with the 
     Foundation.

       (H) Supplemental programs.--The Foundation may carry out 
     supplemental programs--
       (i) to conduct and support forums, meetings, conferences, 
     courses, and training workshops consistent with the purposes 
     of the Foundation described in paragraph (3);
       (ii) to support and encourage the understanding and 
     development of data that promotes the translation of 
     technologies from the research stage, through the development 
     and maturation stage, and ending in the market stage;
       (iii) for writing, editing, printing, publishing, and 
     vending books and other materials relating to research 
     carried out under the Foundation and the Department; and
       (iv) to conduct other activities to carry out and support 
     the purposes of the Foundation described in paragraph (3).
       (I) Evaluations.--The Foundation shall support the 
     development of an evaluation methodology, to be used as part 
     of any program supported by the Foundation, that shall--
       (i) consist of qualitative and quantitative metrics; and
       (ii) include periodic third party evaluation of those 
     programs and other activities of the Foundation.
       (J) Communications.--The Foundation shall develop an 
     expertise in communications to promote the work of grant and 
     fellowship recipients under subparagraph (B), the 
     commercialization successes of the Foundation, opportunities 
     for partnership with the Foundation, and other activities.
       (K) Solicitation and use of funds.--The Foundation may 
     solicit and accept gifts, grants, and other donations, 
     establish accounts, and invest and expend funds in support of 
     the activities and programs of the Foundation.
       (L) Authority of the foundation.--The Foundation shall be 
     the sole entity responsible for carrying out the activities 
     described in this paragraph.
       (5) Administration.--
       (A) Executive director.--The Board shall hire an Executive 
     Director of the Foundation, who shall serve at the pleasure 
     of the Board. Subject to the compliance with the policies and 
     bylaws established pursuant to paragraph (2)(G), the 
     Executive Director shall be responsible for the daily 
     operations of the Foundation in carrying the activities 
     described in paragraph (4).
       (B) Compensation.--The rate of compensation of the 
     Executive Director shall be fixed by the Board.
       (C) Administrative control.--No member of the Board, 
     officer or employee of the Foundation or of any program 
     established by the Foundation, or participant in a program 
     established by the Foundation, shall exercise administrative 
     control over any Federal employee.
       (D) Strategic plan.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
     of enactment of this Act, the Foundation shall submit to the 
     Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and 
     the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 
     of Representatives a strategic plan that contains--
       (i) a plan for the Foundation to become financially self-
     sustaining in fiscal year 2023 and thereafter (except for the 
     amounts provided each fiscal year under paragraph 
     (11)(A)(iii));
       (ii) a forecast of major crosscutting energy challenge 
     opportunities, including short- and long-term objectives, 
     identified by the Board, with input from communities 
     representing the entities and areas of subject matter 
     expertise, as applicable, described in paragraph 
     (2)(B)(iii)(II);
       (iii) a description of the efforts that the Foundation will 
     take to be transparent in the processes of the Foundation, 
     including processes relating to--

       (I) grant awards, including selection, review, and 
     notification;
       (II) communication of past, current, and future research 
     priorities; and
       (III) solicitation of and response to public input on the 
     opportunities identified under clause (ii);

       (iv) a description of the financial goals and benchmarks of 
     the Foundation for the following 10 years;
       (v) a description of the efforts undertaken by the 
     Foundation to engage historically underrepresented groups or 
     regions, including through collaborations with historically 
     Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
     Universities, minority-serving institutions, and minority-
     owned and women-owned business, and;
       (vi) a description of the efforts undertaken by the 
     Foundation to ensure maximum complementarity and minimum 
     redundancy with investments made by the Department.
       (E) Annual report.--Not later than 1 year after the date on 
     which the Foundation is established, and every years 
     thereafter, the Foundation shall submit to the Committee on 
     Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, the Committee on 
     Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives, and the Secretary a report that, for the 
     year covered by the report--
       (i) describes the activities of the Foundation and the 
     progress of the Foundation in furthering the purposes of the 
     Foundation described in paragraph (3);
       (ii) provides a specific accounting of the source and use 
     of all funds made available to the Foundation to carry out 
     those activities to ensure transparency in the alignment of 
     Department missions and policies with national security;
       (iii) describes how the results of the activities of the 
     Foundation could be incorporated into the procurement 
     processes of the General Services Administration; and
       (iv) includes a summary of each evaluation conducted using 
     the evaluation methodology described in paragraph (4)(I).
       (F) Evaluation by comptroller general.--Not later than 5 
     years after the date on which the Foundation is established, 
     the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to 
     the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
     and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 
     House of Representatives--
       (i) an evaluation of--

       (I) the extent to which the Foundation is achieving the 
     mission of the Foundation; and
       (II) the operation of the Foundation; and

       (ii) any recommendations on how the Foundation may be 
     improved.
       (G) Audits.--The Foundation shall--
       (i) provide for annual audits of the financial condition of 
     the Foundation; and
       (ii) make the audits, and all other records, documents, and 
     papers of the Foundation, available to the Secretary and the 
     Comptroller General of the United States for examination or 
     audit.
       (H) Separate fund accounts.--The Board shall ensure that 
     any funds received under paragraph (11)(A) are held in a 
     separate account from any other funds received by the 
     Foundation.
       (I) Integrity.--
       (i) In general.--To ensure integrity in the operations of 
     the Foundation, the Board shall develop and enforce 
     procedures relating to standards of conduct, financial 
     disclosure statements, conflicts of interest (including 
     recusal and waiver rules), audits, and any other matters 
     determined appropriate by the Board.
       (ii) Financial conflicts of interest.--To mitigate 
     conflicts of interest and risks from malign foreign 
     influence, any individual who is an officer, employee, or 
     member of the Board is prohibited from any participation in 
     deliberations by the Foundation of a matter that would 
     directly or predictably affect any financial interest of--

       (I) the individual;
       (II) a relative (as defined in section 109 of the Ethics in 
     Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)) of that individual; 
     or
       (III) a business organization or other entity in which the 
     individual has an interest, including an organization or 
     other entity with which the individual is negotiating 
     employment.

       (J) Intellectual property.--The Board shall adopt written 
     standards to govern the ownership and licensing of any 
     intellectual property rights developed by the Foundation or 
     derived from the collaborative efforts of the Foundation.
       (K) Liability.--
       (i) In general.--The United States shall not be liable for 
     any debts, defaults, acts, or omissions of--

       (I) the Foundation;
       (II) a Federal entity with respect to an agreement of that 
     Federal entity with the Foundation; or
       (III) an Individual Laboratory- Associated Foundation with 
     respect to an agreement of that Federal entity with the 
     Foundation.

       (ii) Full faith and credit.--The full faith and credit of 
     the United States shall not extend to any obligations of the 
     Foundation.

[[Page S3480]]

       (L) Nonapplicability of faca.--The Federal Advisory 
     Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the 
     Foundation or an Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation.
       (6) Department collaboration.--
       (A) National laboratories.--The Secretary shall collaborate 
     with the Foundation to develop a process to ensure 
     collaboration and coordination between the Department, the 
     Foundation, and National Laboratories--
       (i) to streamline contracting processes between National 
     Laboratories and the Foundation, including by--

       (I) streamlining the ability of the Foundation to transfer 
     equipment and funds to National Laboratories;
       (II) standardizing contract mechanisms to be used by the 
     Foundation in engaging with National Laboratories; and
       (III) streamlining the ability of the Foundation to fund 
     endowed positions at National Laboratories;

       (ii) to allow a National Laboratory or site of a National 
     Laboratory--

       (I) to accept and perform work for the Foundation, 
     consistent with provided resources, notwithstanding any other 
     provision of law governing the administration, mission, use, 
     or operations of the National Laboratory or site, as 
     applicable; and
       (II) to perform that work on a basis equal to other 
     missions at the National Laboratory; and

       (iii) to permit the director of any National Laboratory or 
     site of a National Laboratory to enter into a cooperative 
     research and development agreement or negotiate a licensing 
     agreement with the Foundation pursuant to section 12 of the 
     Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
     3710a).
       (B) Department liaisons.--The Secretary shall appoint 
     liaisons from across the Department to collaborate and 
     coordinate with the Foundation, including not less than 1 
     liaison from the Office of Technology Transitions, who shall 
     ensure that the Foundation works in conjunction with and does 
     not duplicate existing activities and programs carried out by 
     the Department, including the Technology Commercialization 
     Fund of the Department.
       (C) Administration.--The Secretary shall leverage 
     appropriate arrangements, contracts, and directives to carry 
     out the process developed under subparagraph (A).
       (7) National security.--Nothing in this subsection exempts 
     the Foundation from any national security policy of the 
     Department.
       (8) Support services.--The Secretary may provide 
     facilities, utilities, and support services to the Foundation 
     if it is determined by the Secretary to be advantageous to 
     the research programs of the Department.
       (9) Preemption of authority.--This subsection shall not 
     preempt any authority or responsibility of the Secretary 
     under any other provision of law.
       (10) Transfer funds.--The Foundation may transfer funds to 
     the Department, which shall be subject to all applicable 
     Federal limitations relating to federally funded research.
       (11) Authorization of appropriations.--
       (A) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated--
       (i) not less than $1,500,000 shall be for the Secretary for 
     fiscal year 2023 to establish the Foundation;
       (ii) not less than $30,000,000 shall be for the Foundation 
     for fiscal year 2024 to carry out the activities of the 
     Foundation; and
       (iii) not less than $3,000,000 shall be for the Foundation 
     for each of the fiscal years 2025 through 2027 for 
     administrative and operational costs.
       (B) Limitation.--None of the funds authorized to be 
     appropriated to the Secretary by subparagraph (A)(i) of this 
     paragraph shall be used for construction.
       (C) Cost share.--Funds made available under subparagraph 
     (A)(ii) shall be required to be cost- shared by a partner of 
     the Foundation other than the Department or a National 
     Laboratory.
       (c) National Energy Technology Laboratory-associated 
     Foundation.--
       (1) Establishment.--
       (A) In general.--The National Energy Technology Laboratory 
     may establish, or enter into an agreement with a nonprofit 
     organization to establish, a Federal Laboratory-Associated 
     Foundation (referred to in this subsection as a ``Laboratory 
     Foundation'') to support the mission of the National Energy 
     Technology Laboratory.
       (B) Not agency or instrumentality.--A Laboratory Foundation 
     shall not be an agency or instrumentality of the Federal 
     Government.
       (C) Governance structure.--A Laboratory Foundation 
     established under subparagraph (A) shall have a separate 
     governance structure from, and shall be managed independently 
     of, the National Energy Technology Laboratory.
       (2) Activities.--Activities of a Laboratory Foundation may 
     include--
       (A) conducting support studies, competitions, projects, 
     research, and other activities that further the purpose of 
     the Laboratory Foundation;
       (B) carrying out programs to foster collaboration and 
     partnership among researchers from the Federal Government, 
     State governments, institutions of higher education, 
     federally funded research and development centers, and 
     industry and nonprofit organizations relating to the 
     research, development, and commercialization of federally 
     supported technologies;
       (C) carrying out programs to leverage technologies to 
     support new product development that supports regional 
     economic development;
       (D) administering prize competitions--
       (i) to accelerate private sector competition and 
     investment; and
       (ii) that complement the use of prize authority by the 
     Department;
       (E) providing fellowships and grants to research and 
     development personnel at, or affiliated with, federally 
     funded centers, in accordance with paragraph (3);
       (F) carrying out programs--
       (i) that allow scientists from foreign countries to serve 
     in research capacities in the United States or other 
     countries in association with the National Energy Technology 
     Laboratory;
       (ii) that provide opportunities for employees of the 
     National Energy Technology Laboratory to serve in research 
     capacities in foreign countries;
       (iii) to conduct studies, projects, or research in 
     collaboration with national and international nonprofit and 
     for-profit organizations, which may include the provision of 
     stipends, travel, and other support for personnel;
       (iv)(I) to hold forums, meetings, conferences, courses, and 
     training workshops that may include undergraduate, graduate, 
     post- graduate, and post-doctoral accredited courses; and
       (II) for the accreditation of those courses by the 
     Laboratory Foundation at the State and national level for 
     college degrees or continuing education credits;
       (v) to support and encourage teachers and students of 
     science at all levels of education;
       (vi) to promote an understanding of science amongst the 
     general public;
       (vii) for writing, editing, printing, publishing, and 
     vending of relevant books and other materials; and
       (viii) for the conduct of other activities to carry out and 
     support the purpose of the Laboratory Foundation; and
       (G) receiving, administering, soliciting, accepting, and 
     using funds, gifts, devises, or bequests, either absolutely 
     or in trust of real or personal property or any income 
     therefrom, or other interest or equity therein for the 
     benefit of, or in connection with, the mission of the 
     applicable Federal laboratory, in accordance with paragraph 
     (4).
       (3) Fellowships and grants.--
       (A) Selection.--Recipients of fellowships and grants 
     described in paragraph (2)(E) shall be selected--
       (i) by a Laboratory Foundation and the donors to a 
     Laboratory Foundation;
       (ii) subject to the agreement of the head of the agency the 
     mission of which is supported by a Laboratory Foundation; and
       (iii) in the case of a fellowship, based on the 
     recommendation of the employees of the National Energy 
     Technology Laboratory at which the fellow would serve.
       (B) Expenses.--Fellowships and grants described in 
     paragraph (2)(E) may include stipends, travel, health 
     insurance, benefits, and other appropriate expenses.
       (4) Gifts.--An amount of funds, a gift, a devise, or a 
     bequest described in paragraph (2)(G) may be accepted by a 
     Laboratory Foundation regardless of whether it is encumbered, 
     restricted, or subject to a beneficial interest of a private 
     person if any current or future interest of the funds, gift, 
     devise, or bequest is for the benefit of the research and 
     development activities of the National Energy Technology 
     Laboratory.
       (5) Ownership by federal government.--A contribution, gift, 
     or any other transfer made to or for the use of a Laboratory 
     Foundation shall be regarded as a contribution, gift, or 
     transfer to or for the use of the Federal Government.
       (6) Liability.--The United States shall not be liable for 
     any debts, defaults, acts, or omissions of a Laboratory 
     Foundation.
       (7) Transfer of funds.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
     of law, a Laboratory Foundation may transfer funds to the 
     National Energy Technology Laboratory and the National Energy 
     Technology Laboratory may accept that transfer of funds.
       (8) Other laws.--This subsection shall not alter or 
     supersede any other provision of law governing the authority, 
     scope, establishment, or use of nonprofit organizations by a 
     Federal agency.

               Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

     SEC. 10701. DEFINITIONS.

       In this subtitle:
       (1) Clean energy technology.--The term ``clean energy 
     technology'' means a technology that significantly reduces 
     energy use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse 
     gas emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or 
     mitigates other negative environmental consequences of energy 
     production, transmission or use.
       (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
     Department of Energy.
       (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
     each National Laboratory and the Director of each Department 
     of Energy single-purpose research facility.
       (4) Economically distressed area.--The term ``economically 
     distressed area'' has the meaning described in section 301(a) 
     of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 
     U.S.C. 3161(a)).
       (5) Grant.--The term ``grant'' means a grant award, 
     cooperative agreement award, or any other financial 
     assistance arrangement that the Secretary of Energy 
     determines to be appropriate.
       (6) Institution of higher education.--The term 
     ``institution of higher education'' has

[[Page S3481]]

     the meaning given such term in section 101 of the Higher 
     Education Act of 1965, as amended (20 U.S.C. 1001).
       (7) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
     has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
       (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
     of Energy.

       PART 1--NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAMS

     SEC. 10713. NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INCUBATOR PROGRAM.

       (a) Clean Energy Incubator Defined.--In this section, the 
     term ``clean energy incubator''--
       (1) means any entity that is designed to accelerate the 
     commercial application of clean energy technologies by 
     providing--
       (A) physical workspace, labs, and prototyping facilities to 
     support clean energy startups or established clean energy 
     companies; or
       (B) companies developing such technologies with support, 
     resources, and services, including--
       (i) access to business education and counseling;
       (ii) mentorship opportunities; and
       (iii) other services rendered for the purpose of aiding the 
     development and commercial application of a clean energy 
     technology; and
       (2) may include a program within or established by a 
     National Laboratory, an institution of higher education or a 
     State, territorial, local, or tribal government.
       (b) Program Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after 
     the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, acting through the 
     Chief Commercialization Officer established in section 
     1001(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
     16391(a)), shall establish a Clean Energy Incubator Program 
     (herein referred to as the ``program'') to competitively 
     award grants to clean energy incubators.
       (c) Clean Energy Incubator Selection.--In awarding grants 
     to clean energy incubators under subsection (b), the 
     Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 
     prioritize funding clean energy incubators that--
       (1) partner with entities that carry out activities 
     relevant to the activities of such incubator and that operate 
     at the local, State, and regional levels;
       (2) support the commercial application activities of 
     startup companies focused on physical hardware, 
     computational, or integrated hardware and software 
     technologies;
       (3) are located in geographically diverse regions of the 
     United States, such as the Great Lakes region;
       (4) are located in, or partner with entities located in, 
     economically-distressed areas;
       (5) support the development of entities focused on 
     expanding clean energy tools and technologies to rural, 
     Tribal, and low-income communities;
       (6) support the commercial application of technologies 
     being developed by clean energy entrepreneurs from 
     underrepresented backgrounds; and
       (7) have a plan for sustaining activities of the incubator 
     after grant funds received under this program have been 
     expended.
       (d) Award Limits.--The Secretary shall not award more than 
     $4,000,000 to one or more incubators in one given State, per 
     fiscal year.
       (e) Duration.--Each grant under subsection (b) shall be for 
     a period of no longer than 5 years, subject to the 
     availability of appropriations.
       (f) Use of Funds.--An entity receiving a grant under this 
     section may use grant amounts for operating expenses.
       (g) Renewal.--An award made to a clean energy incubator 
     under this section may be renewed for a period of not more 
     than 3 years, subject to merit review.
       (h) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of 
     division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 
     (Public Law 116-260), the Secretary shall submit to the 
     Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate an evaluation of the program 
     established under this section that includes analyses of the 
     performance of the clean energy incubators.
       (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section 
     $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

     SEC. 10714. CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY PRIZE 
                   COMPETITION.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means a 
     nonprofit entity, an institution of higher education, or an 
     entity working with one or more institutions of higher 
     education.
       (2) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
     serving institution'' means an institution described in 
     section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1067q(a)).
       (b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program, 
     known as the ``Clean Energy Technology University Prize'', to 
     award funding for eligible entities to carry out regional and 
     one national clean energy technology prize competitions, 
     under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
     Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719). In carrying out such 
     prize competitions, students shall compete to develop a 
     business model for furthering the commercial application of 
     an innovative clean energy technology.
       (c) Training Funding.--In carrying out this program, the 
     Secretary may provide funding to train participating students 
     in skills needed for the successful commercial application of 
     clean energy technologies, including through virtual training 
     sessions.
       (d) Prioritization.--In awarding grants under this section, 
     the Secretary shall prioritize awarding grants to eligible 
     entities that work with students at minority-serving 
     institutions.
       (e) Coordination.--In carrying out this program, the 
     Secretary shall coordinate and partner with other clean 
     energy technology prize competitions. In doing so, the 
     Secretary may develop and disseminate best practices for 
     administering prize competitions under this section.
       (f) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z 
     of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-
     260), the Secretary shall report annually on the progress and 
     implementation of the program established under section (b).
       (g) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of 
     division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 
     (Public Law 116-260), the Secretary shall submit to the 
     Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate an evaluation on the long-term 
     outcomes of the program established under this section and 
     the progress towards achieving the purposes of the program in 
     subsection (b).
       (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
     activities authorized in this section $1,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

     SEC. 10715. CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER COORDINATION.

       (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Chief 
     Commercialization Officer established in section 1001 (a) of 
     the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391 (a)), shall 
     support the coordination of relevant technology transfer 
     programs that advance the commercial application of clean 
     energy technologies nationally and across all energy sectors. 
     In particular, the Secretary may support activities to--
       (1) facilitate the sharing of information on best practices 
     for successful operation of clean energy technology transfer 
     programs;
       (2) coordinate resources and improve cooperation among 
     clean energy technology transfer programs;
       (3) facilitate connections between entrepreneurs and start-
     up companies and the variety of programs related to clean 
     energy technology transfer under the Department; and
       (4) facilitate the development of metrics to measure the 
     impact of clean energy technology transfer programs on--
       (A) advancing the development, demonstration, and 
     commercial application of clean energy technologies;
       (B) increasing the competitiveness of United States in the 
     clean energy sector, including in manufacturing; and
       (C) commercial application of clean energy technologies 
     being developed by entrepreneurs from under-represented 
     backgrounds.
       (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
     activities in this section $3,000,000 for each of fiscal 
     years 2023 through 2027.

 PART 2--SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AT THE NATIONAL LABORATORIES

     SEC. 10716. LAB PARTNERING SERVICE PILOT PROGRAM.

        Section 9002 of division Z of the Consolidated 
     Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following:
       ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $2,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025 to carry out 
     subsections (a), (b), and (c), and $1,700,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2025 for National Laboratory 
     employees to provide services under subsection (d).''.

     SEC. 10717. LAB-EMBEDDED ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAM.

       (a) In General.--The Secretary shall competitively award 
     grants to National Laboratories for the purpose of 
     establishing or supporting Lab-Embedded Entrepreneurship 
     Programs.
       (b) Purposes.--The purposes of such programs are to provide 
     entrepreneurial fellows with access to National Laboratory 
     research facilities, National Laboratory expertise, and 
     mentorship to perform research and development and gain 
     expertise that may be required or beneficial for the 
     commercial application of research ideas.
       (c) Entrepreneurial Fellows.--An entrepreneurial fellow 
     participating in a program described in subsection (a) shall 
     be provided with--
       (1) opportunities for entrepreneurial training, 
     professional development, and exposure to leaders from 
     academia, industry, government, and finance who may serve as 
     advisors to or partners of the fellow;
       (2) financial and technical support for research, 
     development, and commercial application activities;
       (3) fellowship awards to cover costs of living, health 
     insurance, and travel stipends for the duration of the 
     fellowship; and
       (4) any other resources determined appropriate by the 
     Secretary.
       (d) Program Activities.--Each National Laboratory that 
     receives funding under this

[[Page S3482]]

     section shall support entrepreneurial fellows by providing--
       (1) access to facilities and expertise within the National 
     Laboratory;
       (2) engagement with external stakeholders; and
       (3) market and customer development opportunities.
       (e) Administration.--National Laboratories that receive 
     grants under this section shall prioritize the support and 
     success of the entrepreneurial fellow with regards to 
     professional development and development of a relevant 
     technology.
       (f) Partnerships.--In carrying out a Lab-Embedded 
     Entrepreneurship Program, a National Laboratory may partner 
     with an external entity, including--
       (1) a nonprofit organization;
       (2) an institution of higher education;
       (3) a federally-owned corporation; or
       (4) a consortium of 2 or more entities described in 
     paragraphs (1) through (3).
       (g) Metrics.--The Secretary shall support the development 
     of short-term and long-term metrics to assess the 
     effectiveness of programs receiving a grant under subsection 
     (a) in achieving the purposes of the program in subsection 
     (a).
       (h) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of 
     division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 
     (Public Law 116-260), the Secretary shall submit to the 
     Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate an evaluation of the effectiveness of 
     the programs under subsection (a) based on the metrics 
     developed pursuant to subsection (g).
       (i) Coordination.--The Secretary shall oversee the planning 
     and coordination of grants under subsection (a) and shall 
     identify and disseminate best practices for achieving the 
     purposes of subsection (a) to National Laboratories that 
     receive grants under this section.
       (j) Interagency Collaboration.--The Secretary shall 
     collaborate with other executive branch agencies, including 
     the Department of Defense and other agencies with Federal 
     laboratories, regarding opportunities to partner with 
     National Laboratories receiving a grant under subsection (a).
       (k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
     activities authorized in this section $25,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

     SEC. 10718. SMALL BUSINESS VOUCHER PROGRAM.

       Section 1003 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
     16393) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)--
       (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``, 
     and may require the Director of a single-purpose research 
     facility,'' and inserting ``(as defined in section 2) and the 
     Director of each single-purpose research facility'';
       (B) in paragraph (1)--
       (i) by striking ``increase'' and inserting ``encourage''; 
     and
       (ii) by striking ``collaborative research,'' and inserting 
     ``research, development, demonstration, and commercial 
     application activities, including product development,'';
       (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``procurement and 
     collaborative research'' and inserting ``the activities 
     described in paragraph (1)'';
       (D) in paragraph (3)--
       (i) by inserting ``facilities,'' before ``training''; and
       (ii) by striking ``procurement and collaborative research 
     activities'' and inserting ``the activities described in 
     paragraph (1)''; and
       (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``for the program under 
     subsection (b)'' and inserting ``and metrics for the programs 
     under subsections (b) and (c)'';
       (2) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections 
     (d) and (e), respectively;
       (3) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
       ``(c) Small Business Voucher Program.--
       ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
       ``(A) Director.--The term `Director' means--
       ``(i) the Director of each National Laboratory; and
       ``(ii) the Director of each single-purpose research 
     facility.
       ``(B) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory' 
     has the meaning given the term in section 2.
       ``(C) Program.--The term `program' means the program 
     established under paragraph (2).
       ``(D) Small business concern.--The term `small business 
     concern' has the meaning given such term in section 3 of the 
     Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632).
       ``(2) Establishment.--The Secretary, acting through the 
     Chief Commercialization Officer appointed under section 
     1001(a), and in consultation with the Directors, shall 
     establish a program to provide small business concerns with 
     vouchers under paragraph (3)--
       ``(A) to achieve the goal described in subsection (a)(1); 
     and
       ``(B) to improve the products, services, and capabilities 
     of small business concerns in the mission space of the 
     Department.
       ``(3) Vouchers.--Under the program, the Directors are 
     authorized to provide to small business concerns vouchers to 
     be used at National Laboratories and single-purpose research 
     facilities for--
       ``(A) research, development, demonstration, technology 
     transfer, skills training and workforce development, or 
     commercial application activities; or
       ``(B) any other activities that the applicable Director 
     determines appropriate.
       ``(4) Expedited approval.--The Secretary, working with the 
     Directors, shall establish a stream-lined approval process 
     for financial assistance agreements signed between--
       ``(A) small business concerns selected to receive a voucher 
     under the program; and
       ``(B) the National Laboratories and single-purpose research 
     facilities.
       ``(5) Cost-sharing requirement.--In carrying out the 
     program, the Secretary shall require cost-sharing in 
     accordance with section 988.
       ``(6) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division 
     Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 
     116-260), the Secretary shall report annually on the progress 
     and implementation of the small business voucher program 
     established under this section, including the number and 
     locations of small businesses that received grants under this 
     program.''; and
       (4) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated), by striking 
     ``for activities under this section'' and inserting ``for 
     activities under subsection (b)'' and inserting before the 
     period at the end ``and for activities under subsection (c) 
     $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027''.

     SEC. 10719. ENTREPRENEURIAL LEAVE PROGRAM.

       (a) In General.--The Secretary shall delegate to Directors 
     the authority to carry out an entrepreneurial leave program 
     (referred to in this section as the ``program'') to allow 
     National Laboratory employees to take a full leave of absence 
     from their position, with the option to return to that or a 
     comparable position up to 3 years later, or a partial leave 
     of absence, to advance the commercial application of energy 
     and related technologies relevant to the mission of the 
     Department.
       (b) Termination Authority.--Directors shall retain the 
     authority to terminate National Laboratory employees that 
     participate in the program if such employees are found to 
     violate terms prescribed by the National Laboratory at which 
     such employee is employed.
       (c) Licensing.--To reduce barriers to participation in the 
     program, the Secretary shall delegate to the Directors the 
     requirement to establish streamlined mechanisms for 
     facilitating the licensing of technology that is the focus of 
     National Laboratory employees who participate in the program.
       (d) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z 
     of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-
     260), the Secretary shall report annually on the utilization 
     of this authority at National Laboratories, including the 
     number of employees who participate in this program at each 
     National Laboratory and the number of employees who take a 
     permanent leave from their positions at National Laboratories 
     as a result of participating in this program.
       (e) Federal Ethics.--Nothing in this section shall affect 
     existing Federal ethics rules applicable to Federal 
     personnel.

     SEC. 10720. NATIONAL LABORATORY NON-FEDERAL EMPLOYEE OUTSIDE 
                   EMPLOYMENT AUTHORITY.

       (a) In General.--The Secretary shall delegate to Directors 
     of National Laboratories the authority to allow their non-
     Federal employees--
       (1) to engage in outside employment, including start-up 
     companies based on licensing technologies developed at 
     National Laboratories and consulting in their areas of 
     expertise, and receive compensation from such entities; and
       (2) to engage in outside activities related to their areas 
     of expertise at the National Laboratory and may allow 
     employees, in their employment capacity at such outside 
     employment, to access the National Laboratories under the 
     same contracting mechanisms as non-Laboratory employees and 
     entities, in accordance with appropriate conflict of interest 
     protocols.
       (b) Requirements.--If a Director elects to use the 
     authority granted by subsection (a) of this section, the 
     Director, or their designee, shall--
       (1) require employees to disclose to and obtain approval 
     from the Director or their designee prior to engaging in any 
     outside employment;
       (2) develop and require appropriate conflict of interest 
     protocols for employees that engage in outside employment;
       (3) maintain the authority to terminate employees engaging 
     in outside employment if they are found to violate terms, 
     including conflict of interest protocols, mandated by the 
     Director; and
       (4) ensure that any such programs or activities are in 
     conformance with the Department's research security policies, 
     including DOE Order 486.1.
       (c) Additional Restrictions.--Employees engaging in outside 
     employment may not--
       (1) allow such activities to interfere with or impede their 
     duties at the National Laboratory;
       (2) engage in activities related to outside employment 
     using National Laboratory government equipment, property, or 
     resources, unless such activities are performed under 
     National Laboratory contracting mechanisms, such as 
     Cooperative Research and Development Agreements or Strategic 
     Partnership Projects, whereby all conflicts of interest 
     requirements apply; or

[[Page S3483]]

       (3) use their position at a National Laboratory to provide 
     an unfair competitive advantage to an outside employer or 
     start-up activity.
       (d) Federal Ethics.--Nothing in this section shall affect 
     existing Federal ethics rules applicable to Federal 
     personnel.

               PART 3--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY MODERNIZATION

     SEC. 10722. OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSITIONS.

       Section 1001(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
     16391) is amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(6) Hiring and management.--To carry out the program 
     authorized in this section, the Under Secretary for Science 
     may appoint personnel using the authorities in section 10726 
     of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation 
     Act.
       ``(7) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
     the activities authorized in this section $20,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

     SEC. 10723. MANAGEMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DEMONSTRATION 
                   PROJECTS.

       Section 41201 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 18861) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (b), by inserting ``including the Office 
     of Technology Transitions, the Loan Program Office, and all 
     applied program offices,'' after ``Department,'';
       (2) in subsection (d), by inserting ``, including by using 
     the authorities in section 10726 of the Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act,'' after 
     ``personnel'';
       (3) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), and (g) as 
     subsections (g), (h), and (i), respectively;
       (4) by adding after subsection (d) the following:
       ``(e) Additional Authority.--The Secretary may solicit, 
     select, and manage covered projects directly through the 
     program.
       ``(f) Project Termination.--Should an ongoing covered 
     project receive an unfavorable review under subsection 
     (c)(5), the Secretary or their designee may cease funding the 
     covered project and reallocate the remaining funds to new or 
     existing covered projects carried out by that program 
     office.''; and
       (5) in subsection (h)(1) (as so redesignated), by striking 
     ``The Secretary'' and inserting ``In accordance with section 
     9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 
     2021 (Public Law 116-260), the Secretary''.

     SEC. 10724. STREAMLINING PRIZE COMPETITIONS.

       (a) Reporting.--Section 1008 of the Energy Policy Act of 
     2005 (42 U.S.C. 16396) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:
       ``(h) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division 
     Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 
     116-260), the Secretary shall report annually on a 
     description of any prize competitions carried out using the 
     authority under this section, the total amount of prizes 
     awarded along with any private sector contributions, the 
     methods used for solicitation and evaluation, and a 
     description of how each prize competition advanced the 
     mission of the Department.''.
       (b) Technical Amendment.--Section 1008 of the Energy Policy 
     Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16396) is amended by redesignating the 
     second subsection (e) (relating to authorization of 
     appropriations) as subsection (f).

     SEC. 10725. COST-SHARE WAIVER EXTENSION.

       (a) In General.--Section 988 of the Energy Policy Act of 
     2005 (42 U.S.C. 16352) is amended in subsection (b)(4)(B) by 
     striking ``this paragraph'' and inserting ``the Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act''.
       (b) Report.--Section 108(b) of the Department of Energy 
     Research and Innovation Act is amended in subsection (b) by 
     striking ``this Act'' each place it appears and inserting 
     ``the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation 
     Act''.

     SEC. 10726. SPECIAL HIRING AUTHORITY FOR SCIENTIFIC, 
                   ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL.

       (a) In General.--The Under Secretary for Science shall have 
     the authority to--
       (1) make appointments of not more than 60 scientific, 
     engineering, and professional personnel, without regard to 
     civil service laws, to assist the Department in meeting 
     specific project or research needs;
       (2) fix the basic pay of any employee appointed under this 
     section at a rate to be determined by the Under Secretary at 
     rates not in excess of Level II of the Executive Schedule 
     (EX-II) under section 5311 of title 5, United States Code 
     without regard to the civil service laws; and
       (3) pay any employee appointed under this section payments 
     in addition to basic pay, except that the total amount of 
     additional payments paid to an employee under this subsection 
     for any 12-month period shall not exceed the lesser of the 
     following amounts:
       (A) $25,000.
       (B) The amount equal to 25 percent of the annual rate of 
     basic pay of that employee.
       (C) The amount of the limitation that is applicable for a 
     calendar year under section 5307(a)(1) of title 5, United 
     States Code.
       (b) Term.--
       (1) In general.--The term of any employee appointed under 
     this section shall not exceed 3 years unless otherwise 
     authorized in law.
       (2) Termination.--The Under Secretary for Science shall 
     have the authority to terminate any employee appointed under 
     this section at any time based on performance or changing 
     project or research needs of the Department.

     SEC. 10727. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER REPORTS AND EVALUATION.

       Section 9007 of division Z of the Consolidated 
     Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260) is amended as 
     follows:
       ``(a) Annual Report.--As part of the updated technology 
     transfer execution plan required each year under section 
     1001(h)(2) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
     16391(h)(2)), the Secretary of Energy (in this section 
     referred to as the `Secretary') shall submit to the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate a report on the progress and 
     implementation of programs established under sections 9001, 
     9002, 9003, 9004, and 9005 of this Act and under sections 
     10714, 10718, 10719, 10720, and 10723 of the Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
       ``(b) Evaluation.--Not later than 3 years after the 
     enactment of this Act and every 3 years thereafter the 
     Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, 
     and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
     Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an 
     evaluation on the extent to which programs established under 
     sections 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004, and 9005 of this Act and 
     sections 10713, 10714, 10715, and 10717 of the Research and 
     Development, Competition, and Innovation Act are achieving 
     success based on relevant short-term and long-term 
     metrics.''.

                         Subtitle K--Micro Act

     SEC. 10731. MICROELECTRONICS RESEARCH FOR ENERGY INNOVATION.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Center.--The term ``Center'' means a Microelectronics 
     Science Research Center established pursuant to subsection 
     (d).
       (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
     Department of Energy.
       (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
     the Office of Science.
       (4) Historically black college or university.--The term 
     ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
     given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
     Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
       (5) Institution of higher education.--The term 
     ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
     (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
       (6) Microelectronics.--The term ``microelectronics'' 
     means--
       (A) a semiconductor and related materials;
       (B) processing chemistries;
       (C) design technologies;
       (D) fabrication technologies;
       (E) lithography technologies;
       (F) packaging technologies;
       (G) a sensor;
       (H) a device;
       (I) an integrated circuit;
       (J) a processor;
       (K) computing architecture;
       (L) modeling and simulation;
       (M) a software tool; and
       (N) any other related technology.
       (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
     serving institution'' means--
       (A) a Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in section 
     502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1101a(a)));
       (B) an Alaska Native-serving institution (as defined in 
     section 317(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1059d(b)));
       (C) a Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as defined in 
     that section);
       (D) a Predominantly Black Institution (as defined in 
     section 371(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1067q(c)));
       (E) an Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-
     serving institution (as defined in that section); and
       (F) a Native American-serving nontribal institution (as 
     defined in that section).
       (8) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
     has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
       (9) Program.--The term ``program'' means the program 
     established under subsection (c)(1).
       (10) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
     of Energy.
       (11) Skilled technical workforce.--The term ``skilled 
     technical workforce'' has the meaning given the term in 
     section 4(b)(3) of the Innovations in Mentoring, Training, 
     and Apprenticeships Act (42 U.S.C. 1862p note; Public Law 
     115-402).
       (12) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
     College or University'' has the meaning given the term in 
     section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1059c).
       (13) Work-based learning.--The term ``work-based learning'' 
     has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Carl D. 
     Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 
     2302).
       (b) Findings.--Congress finds that--
       (1) the coming end of Moore's Law presents major 
     technological challenges and opportunities for the United 
     States and has important implications for national security, 
     economic competitiveness, and scientific discovery;
       (2) future progress and innovation in microelectronics, and 
     the maintenance of a robust domestic microelectronics supply 
     chain, will require an approach that advances relevant 
     materials science, electronic and photonic device 
     technologies, processing

[[Page S3484]]

     and packaging technologies, manufacturing technologies, 
     circuit, chip, and system architecture, and software system 
     and algorithm development in a codesign fashion;
       (3) the National Laboratories possess unique technical 
     expertise and user facilities that are essential to--
       (A) overcoming foundational research challenges relevant to 
     the topics described in paragraph (2); and
       (B) translating and transferring research outcomes to 
     industry; and
       (4) the expertise and user facilities of the National 
     Laboratories described in paragraph (3) will enable the 
     Department to drive advances in microelectronics that are 
     essential to meeting future needs in areas critical to the 
     missions of the Department and the future competitiveness of 
     the domestic microelectronics industry, including high-
     performance computing, emerging data-centric computing 
     approaches and energy-efficient computing, optical sensors, 
     sources, and wireless networks, and power electronics and 
     electricity delivery systems.
       (c) Microelectronics Research Program.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
     crosscutting program of research, development, and 
     demonstration of microelectronics relevant to the missions of 
     the Department to enable advances and breakthroughs that 
     will--
       (A) accelerate underlying research and development for 
     design, development, and manufacturability of next-generation 
     microelectronics; and
       (B) ensure the global competitiveness of the United States 
     in the field of microelectronics.
       (2) Research projects.--
       (A) In general.--In carrying out the program, the Secretary 
     shall provide financial assistance to eligible entities 
     described in subparagraph (B) to carry out research projects 
     in--
       (i) foundational science areas, including--

       (I) materials sciences, chemical sciences, and plasma 
     science synthesis and fabrication;
       (II) novel microelectronics devices, including emerging 
     memory and storage technologies;
       (III) diverse computing architectures and paradigms, 
     including analog computing and edge computing;
       (IV) data-driven modeling and simulation;
       (V) integrated sensing, power harvesting, and 
     communications;
       (VI) component integration and subsystems;
       (VII) photonic integration and packaging; and
       (VIII) development of codesign frameworks for all stages of 
     microelectronics design, development, fabrication, and 
     application;

       (ii) cybersecurity by design to result in trusted and 
     resilient microelectronics;
       (iii) methods for leveraging advanced simulation and 
     artificial intelligence to enhance codesign and discovery in 
     microelectronics;
       (iv) in consultation with the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology, fabrication and processing science 
     and metrology associated with microelectronics manufacturing, 
     including lithography, patterning, surface deposition, 
     etching, and cleaning;
       (v) approaches for optimizing system-level energy 
     efficiency of advanced computing systems, the electrical 
     grid, power electronics, and other energy infrastructure;
       (vi) approaches for enhancing the durability and lifetime 
     of radiation-hardened electronics;
       (vii) enhancement of microelectronics security, including 
     the development of integrated devices, packages, and thermal 
     management for severe environments and national security;
       (viii) in coordination with other relevant initiatives of 
     the Department, methods to improve the lifetime, maintenance, 
     recycling, reuse, and sustainability of microelectronics 
     components and systems, including technologies and strategies 
     that reduce the use of energy, water, critical materials, and 
     other commodities that the Secretary determines are 
     vulnerable to disruption; and
       (ix) methods and techniques for domestic processing of 
     materials for microelectronics and components of 
     microelectronics.
       (B) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity referred to in 
     subparagraph (A) is--
       (i) an institution of higher education, including a 
     historically Black college or university, a Tribal College or 
     University, and a minority-serving institution;
       (ii) a nonprofit research organization;
       (iii) a State research agency;
       (iv) a National Laboratory;
       (v) a private commercial entity;
       (vi) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more entities 
     described in clauses (i) through (v); and
       (vii) any other entity that the Secretary determines 
     appropriate.
       (C) Notification.--Not later than 30 days after the 
     Secretary provides financial assistance to an eligible entity 
     under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall submit to the 
     Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and 
     the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 
     of Representatives a notification of the financial assistance 
     provided, including--
       (i) the criteria used by the Secretary to select the 
     eligible entity receiving the financial assistance;
       (ii) the manner in which the criteria described in clause 
     (i) comport with the purposes of the program described in 
     paragraph (1); and
       (iii) a description of the research project that the 
     eligible entity will carry out using the financial 
     assistance.
       (3) Technology transfer.--In carrying out the program, the 
     Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the Office of 
     Technology Transitions and in consultation with the private 
     sector, shall--
       (A) support translational research and transfer of 
     microelectronics technologies; and
       (B) identify emerging research and development needs of 
     industry and government for the benefit of United States 
     economic competitiveness.
       (4) Workforce development.--In carrying out the program, 
     the Secretary shall support--
       (A) workforce development through existing authorities and 
     mechanisms available to the Department, including 
     internships, fellowships, individual investigator grants, and 
     other activities the Secretary determines appropriate; and
       (B) in consultation with the National Science Foundation, 
     as appropriate, education and outreach activities--
       (i) to disseminate information and promote understanding of 
     microelectronics and related fields among students at 
     elementary school, secondary school, high school, 
     undergraduate, and graduate levels; and
       (ii) that may include educational programming with an 
     emphasis on experiential and project-based learning.
       (5) Outreach.--The Secretary shall conduct outreach to 
     recruit applicants to the program and engage participants 
     from all regions of the United States, especially individuals 
     from underserved communities and groups historically 
     underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and 
     mathematics.
       (6) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the 
     Secretary shall--
       (A) coordinate across all relevant programs and offices of 
     the Department; and
       (B) coordinate the research carried out under the program 
     relating to microelectronics with activities carried out by 
     other Federal agencies and programs relating to 
     microelectronics research, development, manufacturing, and 
     supply chain security, including the programs authorized 
     under subsections (c) through (f) of section 9906 of the 
     William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 
     Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656).
       (7) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
     Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and 
     the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 
     of Representatives a report describing the goals, priorities, 
     and anticipated outcomes of the program.
       (8) Funding.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary to carry out this subsection--
       (A) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       (B) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       (C) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       (D) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       (E) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
       (d) Microelectronics Science Research Centers.--
       (1) In general.--In carrying out the program, subject to 
     the availability of appropriations, the Director shall 
     establish not more than 4 Microelectronics Science Research 
     Centers, each comprising 1 or more eligible entities--
       (A) to conduct mission-driven research to address 
     foundational challenges in the design, development, 
     characterization, prototyping, demonstration, and fabrication 
     of microelectronics; and
       (B) to facilitate the translation of research results to 
     industry.
       (2) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity referred to in 
     paragraph (1) is--
       (A) a National Laboratory;
       (B) an institution of higher education, including a 
     historically Black college or university, a Tribal College or 
     University, and a minority-serving institution;
       (C) a private commercial entity;
       (D) a research center;
       (E) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more entities 
     described in subparagraphs (A) through (D); and
       (F) any other entity that the Secretary determines 
     appropriate.
       (3) Activities.--The activities of a Center shall include 
     research, development, and demonstration activities for--
       (A) accelerating the development of new microelectronics 
     science and technology, including materials, devices, 
     circuits, systems, architectures, fabrication tools, 
     processes, diagnostics, modeling, synthesis, and, in 
     consultation with the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology, metrology;
       (B) advancing the sustainability and energy efficiency of 
     new microelectronics devices, packages, and systems;
       (C) application-driven codesign and prototyping of novel 
     devices to facilitate laboratory-to-fabrication transition;
       (D) advancing knowledge and experimental capabilities in 
     surface and materials science, plasma science, and 
     computational and theoretical methods, including artificial 
     intelligence, multiscale codesign, and advanced 
     supercomputing capabilities to invent and manufacture 
     revolutionary microelectronic devices;
       (E) creating technology testbeds for prototyping platforms 
     for validation and verification of new capabilities and 
     sharing

[[Page S3485]]

     of ideas, intellectual property, and the unique facilities of 
     the Department;
       (F) supporting development of cybersecurity capabilities 
     for computing architectures that measurably improve safety 
     and security and are adaptable for existing and future 
     applications; and
       (G) supporting long-term and short-term workforce 
     development in microelectronics.
       (4) Request for proposals; merit review.--
       (A) In general.--The Director shall, at such time, in such 
     manner, and containing such information as the Director 
     determines to be appropriate, issue a request for proposals 
     from eligible entities described in paragraph (2) seeking to 
     be designated as a Center.
       (B) Competitive merit review.--The Director shall select 
     eligible entities under subparagraph (A) through a 
     competitive, merit-based process.
       (5) Operation.--
       (A) Duration.--
       (i) In general.--Each Center shall operate for a period of 
     not more than 5 years, unless renewed for an additional 5-
     year period in accordance with clause (ii).
       (ii) Renewal.--

       (I) Initial renewal.--In the case of a Center that has 
     operated for not more than 5 years, the Director may renew 
     support for the Center on a merit-reviewed basis for a period 
     of not more than 5 years.
       (II) 10-year operation.--In the case of a Center that has 
     operated for not less than 5 years but not more than 10 
     years, the Director may renew support for the Center on a 
     competitive, merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more 
     than 5 years.
       (III) 15-year operation.--In the case of a Center that has 
     operated for not less than 10 years but not more than 15 
     years, the Director may renew support for the Center on a 
     merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years.

       (B) Termination.--Consistent with the existing authorities 
     of the Department, the Director may terminate an 
     underperforming Center during the performance period.
       (6) Technology transfer.--The Director, in coordination 
     with the Director of the Office of Technology Transitions, 
     shall seek to enter into partnerships with industry groups to 
     facilitate the translation and transfer of research results 
     produced by the Centers.
       (7) Coordination.--The Secretary shall--
       (A) establish a coordinating network to coordinate cross-
     cutting research and foster communication and collaboration 
     among the Centers; and
       (B) ensure coordination, and avoid unnecessary duplication, 
     of the activities of each Center with the activities of--
       (i) other research entities of the Department, including--

       (I) the Nanoscale Science Research Centers;
       (II) the National Quantum Information Science Research 
     Centers;
       (III) the Energy Frontier Research Centers;
       (IV) the Energy Innovation Hubs;
       (V) the National Laboratories; and
       (VI) other offices of the Department;

       (ii) the National Semiconductor Technology Center 
     established under section 9906(c)(1) of the William M. (Mac) 
     Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
     2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656(c)(1));
       (iii) institutions of higher education;
       (iv) industry; and
       (v) relevant research activities carried out by other 
     Federal agencies.
       (8) Workforce development.--Each Center shall support 
     workforce development through--
       (A) incorporation of undergraduate students, postdoctoral 
     fellows, graduate students, and early career researchers, as 
     well as elementary school, secondary school, and high school 
     students, through opportunities such as dual-enrollment 
     programs and work-based learning programs, as applicable;
       (B) hands-on research and equipment training programs;
       (C) technical training and certificate programs for the 
     skilled technical workforce;
       (D) facilitation of engagement among academic, industry, 
     and laboratory researchers; and
       (E) public outreach activities, including to students at 
     elementary school, secondary school, high school, 
     undergraduate, and graduate levels, which may include 
     educational programming with an emphasis on experiential and 
     project-based learning.
       (9) Outreach.--The Director shall support the workforce 
     development of Centers under paragraph (8) by conducting 
     outreach to recruit applicants and engage participants from 
     all regions of the United States, especially individuals from 
     underserved communities and groups historically 
     underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and 
     mathematics.
       (10) Intellectual property.--The Secretary shall ensure 
     that the intellectual property and value proposition created 
     by the Centers are retained within the United States.
       (11) Notification.--
       (A) Definition of covered determination.--In this 
     paragraph, the term ``covered determination'' means a 
     determination of the Secretary--
       (i) to establish a Center under paragraph (1);
       (ii) to renew support for a Center under paragraph 
     (5)(A)(ii); or
       (iii) to terminate a Center under paragraph (5)(B).
       (B) Notification.--Not later than 30 days after the 
     Secretary makes a covered determination, the Secretary shall 
     submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 
     the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives a notification of 
     the covered determination, including--
       (i) the criteria used by the Secretary to make the covered 
     determination; and
       (ii) the manner in which the criteria described in clause 
     (i) comport with the purposes of the program described in 
     paragraph (1).
       (12) Funding.--Subject to the availability of 
     appropriations, the Secretary shall use not more than 
     $25,000,000 to fund each Center for each of fiscal years 2023 
     through 2027.

    Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure 
                              Reinvestment

     SEC. 10741. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``National Nuclear 
     University Research Infrastructure Reinvestment Act of 
     2021''.

     SEC. 10742. PURPOSES.

       The purposes of this subtitle are--
       (1) to upgrade the nuclear research capabilities of 
     universities in the United States to meet the research 
     requirements of advanced nuclear energy systems;
       (2) to ensure the continued operation of university 
     research reactors;
       (3) to coordinate available resources to enable the 
     establishment, including the start and efficient completion 
     of construction, of new nuclear science and engineering 
     facilities; and
       (4) to support--
       (A) workforce development critical to maintaining United 
     States leadership in nuclear science and engineering and 
     related disciplines; and
       (B) the establishment or enhancement of nuclear science and 
     engineering capabilities and other, related capabilities at 
     historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal colleges 
     or universities, minority-serving institutions, EPSCoR 
     universities, junior or community colleges, and associate-
     degree-granting colleges.

     SEC. 10743. UNIVERSITY INFRASTRUCTURE COLLABORATION.

       Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
     16274(a)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (2) by amending subparagraph (D) to read 
     as follows:
       ``(D) promote collaborations, partnerships, and knowledge 
     sharing between institutions of higher education, National 
     Laboratories, other Federal agencies, industry, and 
     associated labor unions; and''.
       (2) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follow:
       ``(4) Strengthening university research and training 
     reactors and associated infrastructure.--
       ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the program under this 
     subsection, the Secretary may support--
       ``(i) converting research reactors from high-enrichment 
     fuels to low-enrichment fuels and upgrading operational 
     instrumentation;
       ``(ii) revitalizing and upgrading existing nuclear science 
     and engineering infrastructure that support the development 
     of advanced nuclear technologies and applications;
       ``(iii) regional or subregional university-led consortia 
     to--

       ``(I) broaden access to university research reactors;
       ``(II) enhance existing university-based nuclear science 
     and engineering infrastructure; and
       ``(III) provide project management, technical support, 
     quality engineering and inspections, manufacturing, and 
     nuclear material support;

       ``(iv) student training programs, in collaboration with the 
     United States nuclear industry, in relicensing and upgrading 
     reactors, including through the provision of technical 
     assistance; and
       ``(v) reactor improvements that emphasize research, 
     training, and education, including through the Innovations in 
     Nuclear Infrastructure and Education Program or any similar 
     program.
       ``(B) Of any amounts appropriated to carry out the program 
     under this subsection, there is authorized to be appropriated 
     to the Secretary to carry out clauses (ii) and (iii) of 
     subparagraph (A) $55,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
     through 2027.''.

     SEC. 10744. ADVANCED NUCLEAR RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE 
                   ENHANCEMENT SUBPROGRAM.

       Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
     16274(a)), as amended by section 3, is further amended--
       (1) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (8) as 
     paragraphs (6) through (9), respectively;
       (2) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
       ``(5) Advanced nuclear research infrastructure 
     enhancement.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
     subprogram to be known as the Advanced Nuclear Research 
     Infrastructure Enhancement Subprogram in order to--
       ``(i) demonstrate various advanced nuclear reactor and 
     nuclear microreactor concepts;
       ``(ii) establish medical isotope production reactors or 
     other specialized applications; and
       ``(iii) advance other research infrastructure that, in the 
     determination of the Secretary, is consistent with the 
     mission of the Department.

[[Page S3486]]

       ``(B) New nuclear science and engineering facilities.--In 
     carrying out the subprogram, the Secretary shall establish--
       ``(i) not more than 4 new research reactors; and
       ``(ii) new nuclear science and engineering facilities, as 
     required to address research demand and identified 
     infrastructure gaps.
       ``(C) Locations.--New research reactors and facilities 
     established under subparagraph (B) shall be established in a 
     manner that--
       ``(i) supports the regional or subregional consortia 
     described in paragraph (4)(C); and
       ``(ii) encourages the participation of--

       ``(I) historically Black colleges and universities;
       ``(II) Tribal colleges or universities;
       ``(III) minority-serving institutions;
       ``(IV) EPSCoR universities; and
       ``(V) junior or community colleges.

       ``(D) Fuel requirements.--New research reactors established 
     under subparagraph (B) shall not use high-enriched uranium, 
     as defined in section 2001 of division Z of the Consolidated 
     Appropriations Act of 2021.
       ``(E) Authorization of appropriations.--Of any amounts 
     appropriated to carry out the program under this section, 
     there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
     carry out the subprogram under this paragraph--
       ``(i) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       ``(ii) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       ``(iii) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       ``(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       ``(v) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''; and
       (3) by amending paragraph (9), as redesignated by paragraph 
     (1) of this section, to read as follows:
       ``(9) Definitions.--In this subsection:
       ``(A) Junior faculty.--The term `junior faculty' means a 
     faculty member who was awarded a doctorate less than 10 years 
     before receipt of an award from the grant program described 
     in paragraph (2)(B).
       ``(B) Junior or community college.--The term `junior or 
     community college' means--
       ``(i) a public institution of high education, including 
     additional locations, at which the highest awarded degree, or 
     the predominantly awarded degree, is an associate degree; or
       ``(ii) any Tribal college or university (as defined in 
     section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1059c)).
       ``(C) Epscor university.--The term `EPSCoR university' 
     means an institution of higher education located in a State 
     eligible to participate in the program defined in section 502 
     of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 
     U.S.C. 1862p note).
       ``(D) Historically black college or university.--The term 
     `historically Black college or university' has the meaning 
     given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the 
     Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
       ``(E) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
     serving institution' means a Hispanic-serving institution, an 
     Alaska Native-serving institution, a Native Hawaiian-serving 
     institution, a Predominantly Black Institution, an Asian 
     American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving 
     institution, or a Native American-serving nontribal 
     institution as described in section 371 of the Higher 
     Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
       ``(F) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal 
     College or University' has the meaning given such term in 
     section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1059c).''.

     SEC. 10745. SCIENCE EDUCATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES 
                   SCHOLARSHIPS, FELLOWSHIPS, AND RESEARCH AND 
                   DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.

       (a) In General.--The purpose of this section is to support 
     a diverse workforce for the complex landscape associated with 
     effective and equitable development of advanced nuclear 
     energy technologies, including interdisciplinary research to 
     enable positive impacts and avoid potential negative impacts 
     across the lifespan of nuclear energy technologies.
       (b) Nontechnical Nuclear Research.--Section 313 of the 
     Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2009 (Public Law 111-8; 42 U.S.C. 
     16274a) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (b)(2), after ``engineering'', by 
     inserting ``, which may include nontechnical nuclear 
     research.'';
       (2) in subsection (c), by inserting after paragraph (2) the 
     following:
       ``(3) Nontechnical nuclear research.--The term 
     `nontechnical nuclear research' means research with 
     specializations such as social sciences or law that can 
     support an increase in community engagement, participation, 
     and confidence in nuclear energy systems, including the 
     navigation of the licensing required for advanced reactor 
     deployment, aligned with the objectives in section 951(a)(2) 
     of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16271(a)(2)).''; 
     and
       (3) in subsection (d)(1), by striking ``$30,000,000'' and 
     inserting ``$45,000,000''.

    Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

     SEC. 10751. LOW-EMISSIONS STEEL MANUFACTURING RESEARCH 
                   PROGRAM.

       (a) Program.--Subtitle D of title IV of the Energy 
     Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17111 et 
     seq.) is amended by inserting after section 454 the 
     following:

     ``SEC. 454A. LOW-EMISSIONS STEEL MANUFACTURING RESEARCH 
                   PROGRAM.

       ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to encourage 
     the research and development of innovative technologies aimed 
     at--
       ``(1) increasing the technological and economic 
     competitiveness of industry and manufacturing in the United 
     States; and
       ``(2) achieving significant net nonwater greenhouse 
     emissions reductions in the production processes for iron, 
     steel, and steel mill products.
       ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Commercially available steelmaking.--The term 
     `commercially available steelmaking' means the current 
     production method of iron, steel, and steel mill products.
       ``(2) Critical material.--The term `critical material' has 
     the meaning given such term in section 7002 of division Z of 
     the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-
     260).
       ``(3) Critical mineral.--The term `critical mineral' has 
     the meaning given such term in section 7002 of division Z of 
     the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-
     260).
       ``(4) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
       ``(A) an institution of higher education;
       ``(B) an appropriate State or Federal entity, including a 
     federally funded research and development center of the 
     Department;
       ``(C) a nonprofit research institution;
       ``(D) a private entity;
       ``(E) any other relevant entity the Secretary determines 
     appropriate; and
       ``(F) a partnership or consortium of two or more entities 
     described in subparagraphs (A) through (E).
       ``(5) Institution of higher education.--The term 
     `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
     U.S.C. 1001).
       ``(6) Low-emissions steel manufacturing.--The term `low-
     emissions steel manufacturing' means advanced or commercially 
     available steelmaking with the reduction, to the maximum 
     extent practicable, of net nonwater greenhouse gas emissions 
     to the atmosphere from the production of iron, steel, and 
     steel mill products.
       ``(c) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
     of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, 
     and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall establish a program 
     of research, development, demonstration, and commercial 
     application of advanced tools, technologies, and methods for 
     low-emissions steel manufacturing.
       ``(d) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under 
     subsection (c), the Secretary shall--
       ``(1) coordinate this program with the programs and 
     activities authorized in title VI of division Z of the 
     Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021;
       ``(2) coordinate across all relevant program offices of the 
     Department, including the Office of Science, Office of Energy 
     Efficiency and Renewable Energy, the Office of Fossil Energy, 
     and the Office of Nuclear Energy;
       ``(3) leverage, to the extent practicable, the research 
     infrastructure of the Department, including scientific 
     computing user facilities, x-ray light sources, neutron 
     scattering facilities, and nanoscale science research 
     centers; and
       ``(4) conduct research, development, and demonstration of 
     low-emissions steel manufacturing technologies that have the 
     potential to increase domestic production and employment in 
     advanced and commercially available steelmaking.
       ``(e) Strategic Plan.--
       ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
     of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, 
     and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall develop a 5-year 
     strategic plan identifying research, development, 
     demonstration, and commercial application goals for the 
     program established in subsection (c). The Secretary shall 
     submit this plan to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
     on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate.
       ``(2) Contents.--The strategic plan submitted under 
     paragraph (1) shall--
       ``(A) identify programs at the Department related to low-
     emissions steel manufacturing that support the research, 
     development, demonstration, and commercial application 
     activities described in this section, and the demonstration 
     projects under subsection (h);
       ``(B) establish technological and programmatic goals to 
     achieve the requirements of subsection (d); and
       ``(C) include timelines for the accomplishment of goals 
     developed under the plan.
       ``(3) Updates to plan.--Not less than once every two years, 
     the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, 
     Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
     Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an 
     updated version of the plan under paragraph (1).
       ``(f) Focus Areas.--In carrying out the program established 
     in subsection (c), the Secretary shall focus on--
       ``(1) medium- and high-temperature heat generation 
     technologies used for low-emissions steel manufacturing, 
     which may include--
       ``(A) alternative fuels, including hydrogen and biomass;
       ``(B) alternative reducing agents, including hydrogen;
       ``(C) renewable heat generation technology, including solar 
     and geothermal;

[[Page S3487]]

       ``(D) electrification of heating processes, including 
     through electrolysis; and
       ``(E) other heat generation sources;
       ``(2) carbon capture technologies for advanced and 
     commercially available steelmaking processes, which may 
     include--
       ``(A) combustion and chemical looping technologies;
       ``(B) use of slag to reduce carbon dioxide emissions;
       ``(C) pre-combustion technologies; and
       ``(D) post-combustion technologies;
       ``(3) smart manufacturing technologies and principles, 
     digital manufacturing technologies, and advanced data 
     analytics to develop advanced technologies and practices in 
     information, automation, monitoring, computation, sensing, 
     modeling, and networking to--
       ``(A) model and simulate manufacturing production lines;
       ``(B) monitor and communicate production line status; and
       ``(C) model, simulate, and optimize the energy efficiency 
     of manufacturing processes;
       ``(4) technologies and practices that minimize energy and 
     natural resource consumption, which may include--
       ``(A) designing products that enable reuse, refurbishment, 
     remanufacturing, and recycling;
       ``(B) minimizing waste from advanced and commercially 
     available steelmaking processes, including through the reuse 
     of waste as resources in other industrial processes for 
     mutual benefit;
       ``(C) increasing resource efficiency; and
       ``(D) increasing the energy efficiency of advanced and 
     commercially available steelmaking processes;
       ``(5) alternative materials and technologies that produce 
     fewer emissions during production and result in fewer 
     emissions during use, which may include--
       ``(A) innovative raw materials;
       ``(B) high-performance lightweight materials;
       ``(C) substitutions for critical materials and critical 
     minerals; and
       ``(D) other technologies that achieve significant carbon 
     emission reductions in low-emissions steel manufacturing, as 
     determined by the Secretary; and
       ``(6) high-performance computing to develop advanced 
     materials and manufacturing processes contributing to the 
     focus areas described in paragraphs (1) through (5), 
     including--
       ``(A) modeling, simulation, and optimization of the design 
     of energy efficient and sustainable products; and
       ``(B) the use of digital prototyping and additive 
     manufacturing to enhance product design.
       ``(g) Testing and Validation.--The Secretary, in 
     consultation with the Director of the National Institute of 
     Standards and Technology, shall support the development of 
     standardized testing and technical validation of advanced and 
     commercially available steelmaking and low-emissions steel 
     manufacturing through collaboration with one or more National 
     Laboratories, and one or more eligible entities.
       ``(h) Demonstration.--
       ``(1) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     date of enactment of the Research and Development, 
     Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary, in carrying 
     out the program established in subsection (c), and in 
     collaboration with industry partners, institutions of higher 
     education, and the National Laboratories, shall support an 
     initiative for the demonstration of low-emissions steel 
     manufacturing, as identified by the Secretary, that uses 
     either--
       ``(A) a single technology; or
       ``(B) a combination of multiple technologies.
       ``(2) Selection requirements.--Under the initiative 
     established under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall select 
     eligible entities to carry out demonstration projects and to 
     the maximum extent practicable--
       ``(A) encourage regional diversity among eligible entities, 
     including participation by rural States;
       ``(B) encourage technological diversity among eligible 
     entities; and
       ``(C) ensure that specific projects selected--
       ``(i) expand on the existing technology demonstration 
     programs of the Department; and
       ``(ii) prioritize projects that leverage matching funds 
     from non-Federal sources.
       ``(3) Reports.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
     Resources of the Senate--
       ``(A) not less frequently than once every two years for the 
     duration of the demonstration initiative under this 
     subsection, a report describing the performance of the 
     initiative; and
       ``(B) if the initiative established under this subsection 
     is terminated, an assessment of the success of, and education 
     provided by, the measures carried out by recipients of 
     financial assistance under the initiative.
       ``(i) Additional Coordination.--
       ``(1) Manufacturing u.s.a.--In carrying out this section 
     the Secretary shall consider--
       ``(A) leveraging the resources of relevant existing 
     Manufacturing USA Institutes described in section 34(d) of 
     the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
     U.S.C. 278s(d));
       ``(B) integrating program activities into a relevant 
     existing Manufacturing USA Institute; or
       ``(C) establishing a new institute focused on low-emissions 
     steel manufacturing.
       ``(2) Other federal agencies.--In carrying out this 
     section, the Secretary shall coordinate with other Federal 
     agencies that are carrying out research and development 
     initiatives to increase industrial competitiveness and 
     achieve significant net nonwater greenhouse emissions 
     reductions through low-emissions steel manufacturing, 
     including the Department of Defense, Department of 
     Transportation, and the National Institute of Standards and 
     Technology.''.
       (b) Clerical Amendment.--Section 1(b) of the Energy 
     Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17001 note) 
     is amended in the table of contents by inserting after the 
     item relating to section 454 the following:

``Sec. 454A. Low-Emissions Steel Manufacturing Research Program.''.

    Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and 
                             Modernization

     SEC. 10761. APPLIED LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE RESTORATION 
                   AND MODERNIZATION.

       (a) Definition of National Laboratory.--In this section, 
     the term ``National Laboratory'' means--
       (1) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory;
       (2) the National Energy Technology Laboratory;
       (3) the Idaho National Laboratory;
       (4) the Savannah River National Laboratory;
       (5) the Sandia National Laboratories;
       (6) the Los Alamos National Laboratory; and
       (7) the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
       (b) Restoration and Modernization Projects.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary shall fund projects 
     described in paragraph (2) as needed to address the deferred 
     maintenance, critical infrastructure needs, and modernization 
     of National Laboratories.
       (2) Projects described.--The projects referred to in 
     paragraph (1) are, as determined by the Secretary--
       (A) priority deferred maintenance projects at National 
     Laboratories, including facilities sustainment for, upgrade 
     of, and construction of research laboratories, administrative 
     and support buildings, utilities, roads, power plants, and 
     any other critical infrastructure; and
       (B) lab modernization projects at National Laboratories, 
     including projects relating to core infrastructure needed--
       (i) to support existing and emerging science missions with 
     new and specialized requirements for world-leading scientific 
     user facilities and computing capabilities; and
       (ii) to maintain safe, efficient, reliable, and 
     environmentally responsible operations, including pilot 
     projects to demonstrate net-zero emissions with resilient 
     operations.
       (3) Approach.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary 
     shall use all available approaches and mechanisms, as the 
     Secretary determines to be appropriate, including--
       (A) capital line items;
       (B) minor construction projects;
       (C) energy savings performance contracts;
       (D) utility energy service contracts;
       (E) alternative financing; and
       (F) expense funding.
       (c) Submission to Congress.--For each fiscal year through 
     fiscal year 2027, at the same time as the annual budget 
     submission of the President, the Secretary shall submit to 
     the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Energy 
     and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on 
     Appropriations and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives a list of projects 
     for which the Secretary will provide funding under this 
     section, including a description of each project and the 
     funding profile for the project.
       (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
     activities described in this section $800,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2027, of which, in each fiscal 
     year--
       (1) $640,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     projects at National Laboratories described in paragraphs (1) 
     through (4) of subsection (a); and
       (2) $160,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
     projects at National Laboratories described in paragraphs (5) 
     through (7) of that subsection.

      Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and 
                        Demonstration Activities

     SEC. 10771. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND 
                   DEMONSTRATION ACTIVITIES.

       For the purpose of carrying out research, development, and 
     demonstration activities and addressing energy-related supply 
     chain activities in the key technology focus areas (as 
     described in section 10387), there are authorized to be 
     appropriated the following amounts:
       (1) Office of energy efficiency and renewable energy.--In 
     addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated 
     or made available, there are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the 
     ``Secretary''), acting through the Office of Energy 
     Efficiency and Renewable Energy, for the period of fiscal 
     years 2023 through 2026--
       (A) $1,200,000,000 to carry out building technologies 
     research, development, and demonstration activities;

[[Page S3488]]

       (B) $1,200,000,000 to carry out sustainable transportation 
     research, development, and demonstration activities;
       (C) $1,000,000,000 to carry out advanced manufacturing 
     research, development, and demonstration activities, 
     excluding activities carried out pursuant to subparagraph 
     (D);
       (D) $1,000,000,000 to carry out section 454 of the Energy 
     Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17113);
       (E) $600,000,000 to carry out advanced materials research, 
     development, and demonstration activities, including relating 
     to upcycling, recycling, and biobased materials; and
       (F) $800,000,000 to carry out renewable power research, 
     development, and demonstration activities.
       (2) Office of electricity.--In addition to amounts 
     otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made available, 
     there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, 
     acting through the Office of Electricity, for the period of 
     fiscal years 2023 through 2026, $1,000,000,000 to carry out 
     electric grid modernization and security research, 
     development, and demonstration activities.
       (3) Office of cybersecurity, energy security, and emergency 
     response.--In addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be 
     appropriated or made available, there is authorized to be 
     appropriated to the Secretary, acting through the Office of 
     Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response, for 
     the period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026, $800,000,000 to 
     carry out cybersecurity and energy system physical security 
     research, development, and demonstration activities.
       (4) Office of nuclear energy.--In addition to amounts 
     otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made available, 
     there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, 
     acting through the Office of Nuclear Energy, for the period 
     of fiscal years 2023 through 2026, $400,000,000 to carry out 
     advanced materials research, development, and demonstration 
     activities.
       (5) Office of environmental management.--In addition to 
     amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made 
     available, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary, acting through the Office of Environmental 
     Management, for the period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026, 
     $200,000,000 to carry out research, development, and 
     demonstration activities, including relating to artificial 
     intelligence and information technology.
       (6) Office of fossil energy and carbon management.--In 
     addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated 
     or made available, there are authorized to be appropriated to 
     the Secretary, acting through the Office of Fossil Energy and 
     Carbon Management, for the period of fiscal years 2023 
     through 2026--
       (A) $600,000,000 to carry out clean industrial technologies 
     research, development, and demonstration activities pursuant 
     to section 454 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 
     2007 (42 U.S.C. 17113);
       (B) $200,000,000 to carry out alternative fuels research, 
     development, and demonstration activities; and
       (C) $1,000,000,000 to carry out carbon removal research, 
     development, and demonstration activities.
       (7) Advanced research projects agency--energy.--In addition 
     to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made 
     available, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
     Secretary, acting through the Director of the Advanced 
     Research Projects Agency--Energy established under section 
     5012 of the America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 16538), for the 
     period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026, $1,200,852,898 to 
     carry out activities of the Advanced Research Projects 
     Agency--Energy.

                   Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

     SEC. 10781. ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES FEDERAL RESEARCH, 
                   DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Advanced nuclear reactor.--The term ``advanced nuclear 
     reactor'' has the meaning given the term in section 951(b) of 
     the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16271(b)).
       (2) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means 
     each of--
       (A) a State;
       (B) an Indian Tribe (as defined in section 4 of the Indian 
     Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 
     5304));
       (C) a Tribal organization (as defined in section 4 of the 
     Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 
     U.S.C. 5304));
       (D) a unit of local government;
       (E) an electric utility (as defined in section 3 of the 
     Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796));
       (F) a National Laboratory (as defined in section 2 of the 
     Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
       (G) an institution of higher education (as defined in 
     section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1001(a))); and
       (H) a private entity specializing in--
       (i) advanced nuclear technology development;
       (ii) nuclear supply chains; or
       (iii) with respect to nuclear technologies and nonelectric 
     applications of nuclear technologies, construction, project 
     financing, contract structuring and risk allocation, or 
     regulatory and licensing processes.
       (3) Program.--The term ``program'' means the program 
     established under subsection (b)(1).
       (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
     of Energy.
       (b) Establishment of Program.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program to 
     provide Federal financial assistance to eligible entities to 
     support the research, development, and demonstration of 
     advanced nuclear reactors.
       (2) Competitive procedures.--To the maximum extent 
     practicable, the Secretary shall carry out the program using 
     a competitive, merit-based review process that is consistent 
     with section 989 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
     16353).
       (c) Applications.--An eligible entity desiring Federal 
     financial assistance under the program shall submit to the 
     Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and 
     containing such information as the Secretary may require.
       (d) Priority.--In selecting eligible entities to receive 
     Federal financial assistance under the program, the Secretary 
     shall give priority to eligible entities that--
       (1) plan to carry out projects at or near the site of 1 or 
     more fossil fuel electric generation facilities that are 
     retired or scheduled to retire, including multi-unit 
     facilities that are partially shut down--
       (A) to support the productive reuse of fossil fuel electric 
     generation facilities that are retired or scheduled to 
     retire; and
       (B) to sustain and revitalize communities impacted by the 
     closure of fossil fuel electric generation facilities;
       (2) plan to support nonelectric applications, including 
     supplying heat for--
       (A) energy storage;
       (B) hydrogen or other liquid and gaseous fuel or chemical 
     production;
       (C) industrial processes;
       (D) desalination technologies and processes;
       (E) isotope production;
       (F) district heating; and
       (G) other applications, as the Secretary determines to be 
     appropriate; and
       (3) have implemented or demonstrated the ability to 
     successfully implement workforce training or retraining 
     programs to train workers to perform activities relating to 
     the research, development, and demonstration of advanced 
     nuclear reactors.
       (e) Cost Share.--Section 988 of the Energy Policy Act of 
     2005 (42 U.S.C. 16352) shall apply to Federal financial 
     assistance provided under the program.
       (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--In addition to 
     amounts otherwise available, there are authorized to be 
     appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the program--
       (1) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
       (2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
       (3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
       (4) $225,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
       (5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION 
                                  ACT

     SEC. 10801. SHORT TITLE.

       This title may be cited as the ``National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022''.

     SEC. 10802. DEFINITIONS.

       In this title:
       (1) Administration.--The term ``Administration'' means the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
       (2) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the 
     Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration.
       (3) Appropriate committees of congress.--Except as 
     otherwise expressly provided, the term ``appropriate 
     committees of Congress'' means--
       (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
     of the Senate; and
       (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 
     House of Representatives.
       (4) Cislunar space.--The term ``cislunar space'' means the 
     region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including 
     the region around the surface of the Moon.
       (5) Deep space.--The term ``deep space'' means the region 
     of space beyond low-Earth orbit, including cislunar space.
       (6) Development cost.--The term ``development cost'' has 
     the meaning given the term in section 30104 of title 51, 
     United States Code.
       (7) Government astronaut.--The term ``government 
     astronaut'' has the meaning given the term in section 50902 
     of title 51, United States Code.
       (8) ISS.--The term ``ISS'' means the International Space 
     Station.
       (9) Low-enriched uranium.--The term ``low-enriched 
     uranium'' means uranium having an assay greater than the 
     assay for natural uranium but less than 20 percent of the 
     uranium-235 isotope.
       (10) NASA.--The term ``NASA'' means the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration.
       (11) Orion.--The term ``Orion'' means the multipurpose crew 
     vehicle described in section 303 of the National Aeronautics 
     and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
     18323).
       (12) OSTP.--The term ``OSTP'' means the Office of Science 
     and Technology Policy.
       (13) Space flight participant.--The term ``space flight 
     participant'' has the meaning given the term in section 50902 
     of title 51, United States Code.
       (14) Space launch system.--The term ``Space Launch System'' 
     means the Space Launch System authorized under section 302 of 
     the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Act of 2010 
     (42 U.S.C. 18322).

[[Page S3489]]

       (15) Unmanned aircraft; unmanned aircraft system.--The 
     terms ``unmanned aircraft'' and ``unmanned aircraft system'' 
     have the meanings given those terms in section 44801 of title 
     49, United States Code.

                        Subtitle A--Exploration

     SEC. 10811. MOON TO MARS.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) advances in space technology and space exploration 
     capabilities--
       (A) ensure the long-term technological preeminence, 
     economic competitiveness, STEM workforce development, and 
     national security of the United States; and
       (B) offer profound inspirational value for future 
     generations;
       (2) the Artemis missions--
       (A) will make further progress on advancing the human 
     exploration roadmap to achieve human presence beyond low-
     Earth orbit to the surface of Mars, as required under section 
     432 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
     Transition Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 
     U.S.C. 20302 note);
       (B) should fulfill the goal of landing United States 
     astronauts, including the first woman and the next man, on 
     the Moon; and
       (C) should seek collaboration with commercial and 
     international partners to establish sustainable lunar 
     exploration, and should fund any sustainable lunar activities 
     not directly required for the advancement of a human mission 
     to Mars separately;
       (3) in carrying out the Artemis missions, the Administrator 
     should ensure that the entire Artemis program is inclusive 
     and representative of all people of the United States, 
     including women and minorities;
       (4) safe and successful execution of the roadmap to achieve 
     human presence on Mars, including the Artemis missions, 
     requires--
       (A) a clear strategic vision for achieving lunar and Mars 
     exploration that is shared by NASA, international partners, 
     nongovernmental partners, Congress, and the people of the 
     United States;
       (B) a well-developed and executable timeline, budget, and 
     mission architecture, to inform decisions, including 
     decisions relating to workforce and infrastructure needs and 
     the development of technical and nontechnical skills;
       (C) consistent NASA oversight of all relevant exploration 
     activities, enabled by NASA leadership with authority, 
     responsibility, and accountability for decisions and well-
     developed capabilities for systems engineering and 
     integration;
       (D) clearly defined roles for NASA, international partners, 
     and nongovernmental partners, including criteria for 
     determining whether NASA should make, manage, or buy key 
     capabilities; and
       (E) mechanisms to ensure NASA insight into the activities 
     of its international and nongovernmental partners, as 
     required to identify and mitigate risks to mission safety and 
     success.
       (b) Moon to Mars Office and Program.--
       (1) Moon to mars office.--Not later than 120 days after the 
     date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
     establish within the Exploration Systems Development Mission 
     Directorate a Moon to Mars Program Office (referred to in 
     this section as the ``Office'') to lead and manage the Moon 
     to Mars program established under paragraph (2), including 
     Artemis missions and activities.
       (2) Moon to mars program.--
       (A) Establishment.--Not later than 120 days after the date 
     of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
     establish a Moon to Mars Program (referred to in this section 
     as the ``Program'') in accordance with sections 20302(b) and 
     70504 of title 51, United States Code, which shall include 
     Artemis missions and activities, to achieve the goal of human 
     exploration of Mars.
       (B) Elements.--The Program shall include the following 
     elements:
       (i) The Space Launch System under section 20302 of title 
     51, United States Code.
       (ii) The Orion crew vehicle under such section.
       (iii) Exploration Ground Systems.
       (iv) An outpost in orbit around the Moon under section 
     70504 of such title.
       (v) Human-rated landing systems.
       (vi) Spacesuits.
       (vii) Any other element needed to meet the requirements for 
     the Program.
       (C) Direction.--The Administrator shall ensure that--
       (i) each Artemis mission demonstrates or advances a 
     technology or operational concept that will enable human 
     missions to Mars;
       (ii) the Program incorporates each such mission into the 
     human exploration roadmap under section 432 of the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization 
     Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20302 note); and
       (iii) the Program includes cislunar space exploration 
     activities that--

       (I) use a combination of launches of the Space Launch 
     System and space transportation services from United States 
     commercial providers, as appropriate, for each such mission;
       (II) plan for not fewer than 1 Space Launch System launch 
     annually beginning after the first successful crewed launch 
     of Orion on the Space Launch System, with a goal of 2 Space 
     Launch System launches annually as soon as practicable; and
       (III) establish an outpost in orbit around the Moon that--

       (aa) demonstrates technologies, systems, and operational 
     concepts directly applicable to the space vehicle that will 
     be used to transport humans to Mars;
       (bb) has the capability for periodic human habitation; and
       (cc) functions as a point of departure, return, or staging 
     for missions to multiple locations on the lunar surface or 
     other destinations.
       (3) Director.--
       (A) In general.--The Administrator shall appoint a Director 
     for the Program, who shall lead the Office and report to the 
     Associate Administrator of the Exploration Systems 
     Development Mission Directorate.
       (B) Accountability.--The Director shall have accountability 
     for risk management and shall have authority, as consistent 
     with NASA Space Flight Program and Project Management 
     requirements--
       (i) to implement--

       (I) Program-level requirements; and
       (II) an architecture and program plan developed to meet 
     such requirements;

       (ii) to manage resources, personnel, and contracts 
     necessary to implement the Program, as appropriate;
       (iii) to manage cost, risk, schedule, and performance 
     factors;
       (iv) to direct and oversee a Program-wide systems 
     engineering and integration and integrated risk management 
     function; and
       (v) to carry out other authorities, in accordance with 
     Administration policies and procedures.
       (C) Responsibilities.--The Director shall be responsible 
     for--
       (i) developing and managing--

       (I) an integrated master plan, integrated master schedule, 
     and integrated risk management procedures for the Program;
       (II) a Program-wide systems engineering and integration 
     function as described in subsection (c);
       (III) plans for technology and capabilities development;
       (IV) logistics support, science data management, 
     communications, and other plans that are relevant to the 
     functions of the Office; and
       (V) performance measures to assess the progress of the 
     Program;

       (ii) advising the Associate Administrator of the 
     Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate on the 
     development of--

       (I) Program-level requirements, including for a human Mars 
     orbital mission and a human mission to the surface of Mars; 
     and
       (II) an architecture based on the requirements described in 
     subclause (I); and

       (iii) informing the Associate Administrator of the 
     Administration on coordination among NASA centers, as 
     required to most efficiently achieve the goals of the 
     Program.
       (c) Systems Engineering and Integration.--The Director of 
     the Office shall--
       (1) establish within the Office a Program-wide systems 
     engineering and integration function; and
       (2) appoint a manager for such function to manage systems 
     engineering and integration activities across the Program, 
     including with respect to the Program elements described in 
     subsection (b)(2).
       (d) Implementation.--In the implementation of the Program, 
     the Administrator shall ensure that--
       (1) for the purposes of reducing risk and complexity and 
     making the maximum use of taxpayer investments to date, in 
     conducting Artemis activities, the Administration does not 
     take any action in regard to the design of the Exploration 
     Upper Stage-enhanced Space Launch System that would preclude 
     it from carrying an integrated human-rated lunar landing 
     system for crewed lunar landing missions;
       (2) the Program maintains a robust series of ground-based 
     and in-flight testing activities, including, with respect to 
     each crewed system design, not less than 1 uncrewed flight 
     test, followed by a crewed flight test, as appropriate, prior 
     to use of the design on a human-rated lunar landing system or 
     Mars mission; and
       (3) human lunar landing missions under the Program, 
     including surface and in-space activities, are carried out 
     solely by government astronauts.
       (e) Study.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
     appropriate committees of Congress a report detailing--
       (1) progress towards the establishment of--
       (A) the Office, the Program, and the Program architecture; 
     and
       (B) the integrated master plan, integrated master schedule, 
     and integrated risk management procedures for the Program;
       (2) performance measures and milestones for the Program and 
     any interim assessment with respect to such performance 
     measures, as practicable;
       (3) initial criteria for determining whether NASA should 
     make, manage, or buy key capabilities within the Program or 
     engage with international partners to access such 
     capabilities;
       (4) strategies to ensure consistent insight into the 
     activities of NASA partners, including nongovernmental 
     partners, as required to identify and mitigate mission risks;
       (5) progress towards the establishment of a systems 
     engineering and integration function; and
       (6) an annual budget profile for resources required to 
     implement the Program during

[[Page S3490]]

     the 5-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of 
     this Act.

     SEC. 10812. SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS.

       (a) Exploration Ground Systems Infrastructure.--The 
     Administrator shall ensure that--
       (1) the necessary elements of a ground system 
     infrastructure are in place to enable the preparation and use 
     of the Space Launch System, specifically the Block 1 (at 
     least 70 mt), Block 1B (at least 105 mt), and Block 2 (at 
     least 130 mt) variants of the Space Launch System; and
       (2) not fewer than 2 bays of the vehicle assembly building 
     of such ground system infrastructure are outfitted and 
     dedicated to support Space Launch System stacking and 
     preparations.
       (b) Flight Rate and Safety.--After the first crewed lunar 
     landing of the Administration's Moon to Mars activities, the 
     Administrator shall, to the extent practicable, seek to carry 
     out a flight rate of 2 integrated Space Launch System and 
     Orion crew vehicle missions annually until the lunar 
     activities needed to enable a human mission to Mars are 
     completed so as to maintain the critical human spaceflight 
     production and operations skills necessary for the safety of 
     human spaceflight activities in deep space.
       (c) Mobile Launch Platform.--
       (1) In general.--The Administrator is authorized to 
     maintain 2 operational mobile launch platforms to enable the 
     launch of multiple configurations of the Space Launch System.
       (2) Second mobile launch platform.--
       (A) In general.--In implementing paragraph (1), the 
     Administrator shall take all necessary steps to develop and 
     complete a second mobile launch platform, to be in place by 
     2026, to support the first launch of the Block 1B variant of 
     the Space Launch System.
       (B) Requirement.--Such second mobile launch platform shall 
     be sized and constructed to accommodate the Block 2 variant 
     of the Space Launch System.
       (d) Reports.--The Administrator shall submit to Congress--
       (1) not later than 45 days after the date of the enactment 
     of this Act, a report on the steps the Administrator and 
     industry partners are taking--
       (A) to address the cost, schedule, and performance 
     challenges in the development of the Mobile Launch-2 
     platform; and
       (B) to ensure that such platform is ready for operational 
     use on a schedule that aligns with the current plans for an 
     Artemis IV launch, which is currently anticipated in 2027; 
     and
       (2) not later than 90 days after such date of enactment, a 
     report that contains a list of the key milestones required 
     for completing each of the Space Launch System variants, and 
     an estimated date on which such milestones will be completed.
       (e) Exploration Upper Stage.--
       (1) In general.--To meet the capability requirements under 
     section 302(c)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
     18322(c)(2)), the Administrator shall continue development of 
     the Exploration Upper Stage for the Space Launch System on a 
     schedule consistent with the Artemis IV lunar mission.
       (2) Briefing.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall brief the 
     appropriate committees of Congress on the development and 
     scheduled availability of the Exploration Upper Stage for the 
     Artemis IV lunar mission.
       (f) Main Propulsion Test Article.--To meet the requirements 
     under section 302(c)(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
     18322(c)(3)), the Administrator may initiate development of a 
     main propulsion test article for the integrated Exploration 
     Upper Stage element of the Space Launch System, consistent 
     with cost and schedule constraints, particularly for long-
     lead propulsion hardware needed for flight.

     SEC. 10813. ROCKET ENGINE TEST INFRASTRUCTURE.

       (a) In General.--The Administrator shall, to the extent 
     practicable, continue to carry out a program to modernize 
     rocket propulsion test infrastructure at NASA facilities--
       (1) to increase capabilities;
       (2) to enhance safety;
       (3) to support propulsion development and testing; and
       (4) to foster the improvement of Government and commercial 
     space transportation and exploration.
       (b) Projects.--Projects funded under the program described 
     in subsection (a) may include--
       (1) infrastructure and other facilities and systems 
     relating to rocket propulsion test stands and rocket 
     propulsion testing;
       (2) enhancements to test facility capacity and flexibility; 
     and
       (3) such other projects as the Administrator considers 
     appropriate to meet the goals described in that subsection.
       (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under 
     subsection (a), the Administrator shall--
       (1) to the extent practicable and appropriate, prioritize 
     investments in projects that enhance test and flight 
     certification capabilities, including for large thrust-level 
     atmospheric and altitude engines and engine systems, and 
     multi-engine integrated test capabilities;
       (2) continue to make underutilized test facilities 
     available for commercial use on a reimbursable basis; and
       (3) ensure that no project carried out under this program 
     adversely impacts, delays, or defers testing or other 
     activities associated with facilities used for Government 
     programs, including--
       (A) the Space Launch System and the Exploration Upper Stage 
     of the Space Launch System;
       (B) in-space propulsion to support exploration missions; or
       (C) nuclear propulsion testing.
       (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall 
     preclude a NASA program, including the Space Launch System 
     and the Exploration Upper Stage of the Space Launch System, 
     from using the modernized test infrastructure developed under 
     this section.
       (e) Working Capital Fund Study.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     the enactment of this division, the Administrator shall 
     submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on 
     the use of the authority under section 30102 of title 51, 
     United States Code, to promote increased use of NASA rocket 
     propulsion test infrastructure for research, development, 
     testing, and evaluation activities by other Federal agencies, 
     firms, associations, corporations, and educational 
     institutions.
       (2) Matters to be included.--The report required by 
     paragraph (1) shall include the following:
       (A) An assessment of prior use, if any, of the authority 
     under section 30102 of title 51, United States Code, to 
     improve testing infrastructure.
       (B) An analysis of any barrier to implementation of such 
     authority for the purpose of promoting increased use of NASA 
     rocket propulsion test infrastructure.

     SEC. 10814. PEARL RIVER MAINTENANCE.

       (a) In General.--The Administrator shall coordinate with 
     the Chief of the Army Corps of Engineers on a comprehensive 
     plan to ensure the continued navigability of the Pearl River 
     and Little Lake channels sufficient to support NASA barge 
     operations surrounding Stennis Space Center and the Michoud 
     Assembly Facility.
       (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     date of the enactment of this division, the Administrator 
     shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
     report on efforts under subsection (a).
       (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this 
     section, the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' 
     means--
       (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, 
     the Committee on Environment and Public Works, and the 
     Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
       (2) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the 
     Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and the 
     Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

     SEC. 10815. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION RELATING TO 
                   INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

       (a) Policy.--Section 501(a) of the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
     18351(a)) is amended by striking ``2024'' and inserting 
     ``September 30, 2030''.
       (b) Maintenance of United States Segment and Assurance of 
     Continued Operations.--Section 503(a) of the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 
     2010 (42 U.S.C. 18353(a)) is amended by striking ``September 
     30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
       (c) Research Capacity Allocation and Integration of 
     Research Payloads.--Section 504(d) of the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 
     2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(d)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence--
       (A) by striking ``As soon as practicable'' and all that 
     follows through ``2011,'' and inserting ``The''; and
       (B) by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting 
     ``September 30, 2030''; and
       (2) in paragraph (2), in the third sentence, by striking 
     ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
       (d) Maintenance of Use.--
       (1) In general.--Section 70907 of title 51, United States 
     Code, is amended--
       (A) in the section heading, by striking ``2024'' and 
     inserting ``2030'';
       (B) in subsection (a), by striking ``September 30, 2024'' 
     and inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
       (C) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ``September 30, 
     2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
       (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of sections for 
     chapter 709 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by 
     striking the item relating to section 70907 and inserting the 
     following:

``70907. Maintaining use through at least 2030.''.
       (e) Transition Plan Reports.--Section 50111(c)(2) of title 
     51, United States Code is amended--
       (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
     ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; and
       (2) in subparagraph (J), by striking ``2028'' and inserting 
     ``2030''.
       (f) Assessments and Report.--The Administrator shall--
       (1) conduct a comprehensive assessment of the viability of 
     the ISS to operate safely and support full and productive use 
     through 2030, including all necessary analyses to certify ISS 
     operations through 2030;

[[Page S3491]]

       (2) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
     of this Act, submit to the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel an 
     assessment of--
       (A) the root cause of cracks and air leaks in the Russian 
     Service Module Transfer Tunnel;
       (B) the certification of all United States systems and 
     modules to operate through 2030;
       (C)(i) an inventory of spares or replacements for elements, 
     systems, and equipment, including systems certified under 
     subparagraph (B), that are currently produced, in inventory, 
     or on order;
       (ii) a description of the state of the readiness of such 
     spares and replacements; and
       (iii) a schedule for delivery of such spares and 
     replacements to the ISS, including the planned transportation 
     means for such delivery and the estimated cost and schedule 
     for procurement of such spares and replacements and their 
     delivery to the ISS; and
       (D) any other relevant data, information, or analysis 
     relevant to the safe and productive use of the ISS through 
     2030; and
       (3) not later than 240 days after the date of the enactment 
     of this Act, submit to the appropriate committees of 
     Congress--
       (A) a report on the results of the assessment conducted 
     under paragraph (1); and
       (B) a plan to address any recommendations of the Aerospace 
     Safety Advisory Panel, consistent with section 31101(c)(2) of 
     title 51, United States Code, with respect to such 
     assessment.

     SEC. 10816. PRIORITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

       (a) In General.--The Administrator shall assess 
     International Space Station research activities and shall 
     ensure that crew time and resources allocated to the 
     Administration for use on the International Space Station 
     prioritize--
       (1) the research of the Human Research Program, including 
     research on and development of countermeasures relevant to 
     reducing human health and performance risks, behavioral and 
     psychological risks, and other astronaut safety risks related 
     to long-duration human spaceflight;
       (2) risk reduction activities relevant to exploration 
     technologies, including for the Environmental Control and 
     Life Support System, extravehicular activity and space suits, 
     environmental monitoring, safety, emergency response, and 
     deep space communications;
       (3) the advancement of United States leadership in basic 
     and applied space life and physical science research, 
     consistent with the priorities of the most recent space life 
     and physical sciences decadal survey of the National 
     Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; and
       (4) other research and development activities identified by 
     the Administrator as essential to Moon to Mars activities.
       (b) Reports.--
       (1) Assessment and prioritization.--Not later than 180 days 
     after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
     Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
     Congress a report on--
       (A) the assessment; and
       (B) the steps taken to achieve the prioritization required 
     by subsection (a).
       (2) Space flight participants.--Not later than 120 days 
     after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
     Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
     Congress a report on measures taken, with respect to space 
     flight participants aboard the ISS, to ensure government 
     astronaut safety, to avoid interference in ISS operations and 
     research priorities, and to prevent undue demands on crew 
     time and resources.
       (3) Annual progress reports.--Concurrent with the annual 
     budget submission of the President to Congress under section 
     1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, the Administrator 
     shall provide to the appropriate committees of Congress an 
     annual accounting of the use of Administration crew time and 
     ISS resources, including the allocation of such resources 
     toward the priorities described in subsection (a).

     SEC. 10817. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS RELATING TO ARTEMIS 
                   MISSIONS.

       (a) Section 421 of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 
     51 U.S.C. 20301 note) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (c)(3)--
       (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis I'';
       (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis II''; and
       (C) by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting ``Artemis III''; and
       (2) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``EM-3'' and 
     inserting ``Artemis III''.
       (b) Section 432(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 
     51 U.S.C. 20302 note) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (3)(D)--
       (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis I''; and
       (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis II''; and
       (2) in paragraph (4)(C), by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting 
     ``Artemis III''.

                          Subtitle B--Science

     SEC. 10821. SCIENCE PRIORITIES.

       (a) Sense of Congress on Science Portfolio.--It is the 
     sense of Congress that--
       (1) a balanced and adequately funded set of activities, 
     consisting of research and analysis grant programs, 
     technology development, suborbital research activities, and 
     small, medium, and large space missions, contributes to a 
     robust and productive science program and serves as a 
     catalyst for innovation and discovery; and
       (2) the Research and Analysis programs funded by the 
     Science Mission Directorate are critically important for--
       (A) preparing the next generation of space and Earth 
     scientists;
       (B) pursuing peer-reviewed cutting-edge research;
       (C) maximizing scientific return from the Administration's 
     space and Earth science missions; and
       (D) developing innovative techniques and future mission 
     concepts.
       (b) Goal.--The Administrator shall pursue the goal of 
     establishing annual funding for Research and Analysis in the 
     Science Mission Directorate that reaches a level of not less 
     than 10 percent of the total annual funding of relevant 
     divisions of the Science Mission Directorate by fiscal year 
     2025.

     SEC. 10822. SEARCH FOR LIFE.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) the report entitled ``An Astrobiology Strategy for the 
     Search for Life in the Universe'' published by the National 
     Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine outlines key 
     scientific questions and methods on the search for the 
     origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the 
     universe; and
       (2) the interaction of lifeforms with their environment, a 
     central focus of astrobiology research, is a topic of broad 
     significance to life sciences research in space and on Earth.
       (b) Program Continuation.--
       (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue to 
     implement a collaborative, multidisciplinary science and 
     technology development program to search for evidence of the 
     existence or historical existence of life beyond Earth in 
     support of--
       (A) the scientific priorities of the most recent decadal 
     surveys on planetary science and astrobiology and astronomy 
     and astrophysics of the National Academies of Sciences, 
     Engineering, and Medicine; and
       (B) the objective described in section 20102(d)(10) of 
     title 51, United States Code.
       (2) Element.--The program under paragraph (1) shall include 
     activities relating to astronomy, biology, geology, and 
     planetary science.
       (3) Coordination with life sciences program.--In carrying 
     out the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall 
     coordinate efforts with the life sciences program of the 
     Administration.
       (4) Instrumentation and sensor technology.--In carrying out 
     the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator may invest 
     in the development of new instrumentation and sensor 
     technology.
       (5) Technosignatures.--In carrying out the program under 
     paragraph (1), the Administrator may support, as appropriate, 
     merit-reviewed, competitively selected research on 
     technosignatures.

     SEC. 10823. NEXT GENERATION OF ASTROPHYSICS GREAT 
                   OBSERVATORIES.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) NASA's Great Observatories, a suite of space-based 
     telescopes launched over the course of 2 decades and 
     comprised of the Hubble Space Telescope, Compton Gamma-Ray 
     Observatory, Chandra X-Ray Observatory, and Spitzer Space 
     Telescope, have enabled major scientific advances across a 
     broad range of astrophysics disciplines, including with 
     respect to the origins of planets, the formation and 
     evolution of stars and galaxies, fundamental physics, and the 
     structure of the universe;
       (2) the decadal survey of the National Academies of 
     Science, Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Pathways to 
     Discovery in Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 2020s'' 
     recommends a vision to understand the relationships between 
     stars and the bodies that orbit them by ``looking'' at the 
     universe through a range of observations, including radio, 
     optical, gamma rays, neutrinos, and gravitational waves, in 
     order to understand the origin and evolution of galaxies;
       (3) the United States and NASA are uniquely poised--
       (A) to lead the world in the implementation of the next 
     generation of Great Observatories, as recommended in such 
     decadal survey, including implementation of an observatory to 
     search for biosignatures of exoplanets in the habitable zone;
       (B) to address the most compelling scientific questions of 
     the next decade; and
       (C) to transform not only our understanding of the universe 
     and the processes and physical paradigms that govern the 
     universe, but also the place of humanity in the universe;
       (4) the Administrator should pursue an ambitious 
     astrophysics program that meets the scientific vision of the 
     astronomical community and the transformative capacity of 
     technological innovation; and
       (5) in implementing astrophysics research, in order to 
     avoid the major growth in the cost of astrophysics flagship-
     class missions that has the potential to impact the overall 
     portfolio balance of the Science Mission Directorate, the 
     Administrator should seek to implement lessons learned from 
     previous astrophysics missions, including by--
       (A) establishing sufficient cost and schedule reserves;

[[Page S3492]]

       (B) demonstrating in advance of preliminary design review, 
     as practicable and appropriate, the maturity of necessary 
     technologies through prototype demonstrations in a relevant 
     environment;
       (C) providing for regular updates to the cost, schedule, 
     and risk of a project; and
       (D) considering, as feasible, the impacts of cost and 
     schedule changes across the Science Mission Directorate.
       (b) Nancy Grace Roman Telescope.--
       (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue 
     development of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope 
     (commonly known as the ``Roman telescope'' and formerly known 
     as the ``Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope'') in the 
     configuration established through critical design review, to 
     meet the objectives prioritized in the 2010 decadal survey of 
     astronomy and astrophysics of the National Academies of 
     Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
       (2) Cost and schedule.--Section 30104 of title 51, United 
     States Code shall apply to the development of the Roman 
     telescope under paragraph (1).
       (3) Quarterly reports.--Not less frequently than quarterly, 
     the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees 
     of Congress a report on the progress of the development of 
     the Roman telescope and the budget profile and schedule 
     relative to the baseline plan for such development.

     SEC. 10824. EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS AND PROGRAMS.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) the Earth science and applications program of the 
     Administration provides increasingly valuable data for 
     natural resource management, agriculture, forestry, food 
     security, air quality monitoring, and many other application 
     areas; and
       (2) a robust and balanced Earth science and applications 
     program contributes significantly to--
       (A) the scientific discovery and economic growth of the 
     United States; and
       (B) supporting the health and safety of the people of the 
     United States and the citizens of the world.
       (b) Reaffirmation.--Congress reaffirms the goal for the 
     Administration's Earth science and applications program set 
     forth in section 60501 of title 51, United States Code, which 
     states: ``The goal for the Administration's Earth Science 
     program shall be to pursue a program of Earth observations, 
     research, and applications activities to better understand 
     the Earth, how it supports life, and how human activities 
     affect its ability to do so in the future. In pursuit of this 
     goal, the Administration's Earth Science program shall ensure 
     that securing practical benefits for society will be an 
     important measure of its success in addition to securing new 
     knowledge about the Earth system and climate change. In 
     further pursuit of this goal, the Administration shall, 
     together with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration and other relevant agencies, provide United 
     States leadership in developing and carrying out a 
     cooperative international Earth observations-based research 
     program.''.
       (c) Earth Science Missions and Programs.--With respect to 
     the missions and programs of the Earth Science Division, the 
     Administrator shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 
     follow the recommendations and guidance provided by the 
     scientific community through the decadal survey for Earth 
     science and applications from space of the National Academies 
     of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, including--
       (1) the science priorities described in such survey;
       (2) the execution of the series of existing or previously 
     planned observations (commonly known as the ``program of 
     record''); and
       (3) the development of a range of missions of all classes, 
     including opportunities for principal investigator-led, 
     competitively selected missions.
       (d) Earth System Observatory.--The Administrator shall 
     pursue an Earth System Observatory, which shall consist of an 
     array of new and complementary Earth-observing scientific 
     satellites, instruments, and missions--
       (1) to address the recommendations of the 2018 Earth 
     science and applications decadal survey of the National 
     Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine entitled 
     ``Thriving on our Changing Planet'', including by conducting 
     priority observations in--
       (A) aerosols;
       (B) cloud convection and precipitation;
       (C) mass change;
       (D) surface biology and geology;
       (E) surface deformation and change; and
       (F) other observation areas designated as high-priority by 
     such decadal survey; and
       (2) to achieve the goal of the Earth Science Program set 
     forth in section 60501 of title 51, United States Code.
       (e) Survey of Use of Earth Observation Data by States, 
     Tribes, and Territories.--
       (1) Survey.--The Administrator shall arrange for the 
     conduct of a survey of the use of NASA Earth observation data 
     by States, Tribal organizations, and territories.
       (2) Submission.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to 
     the appropriate committees of Congress the results of the 
     survey conducted under paragraph (1).
       (f) Climate Architecture Plan.--The Administrator shall--
       (1) maintain a comprehensive, strategic Climate 
     Architecture Plan for Earth Observations and Applications 
     from Space that describes an integrated and balanced program 
     of Earth science and applications observations to advance 
     science, policy, and applications and societal benefits; and
       (2) update such plan every 5 years so as to align with the 
     release of the decadal surveys in Earth science and 
     applications from space and the mid-decade assessments of the 
     National Academics of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

     SEC. 10825. PLANETARY DEFENSE COORDINATION OFFICE.

       (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
       (1) Near-Earth objects remain a threat to the United 
     States.
       (2) Section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 
     119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.), established a 
     requirement that the Administrator plan, develop, and 
     implement a Near-Earth Object Survey program to detect, 
     track, catalogue, and characterize the physical 
     characteristics of near-Earth objects equal to, or greater 
     than, 140 meters in diameter in order to assess the threat of 
     such near-Earth objects to the Earth, with the goal of 90 
     percent completion of the catalogue of such near-Earth 
     objects by December 30, 2020.
       (3) The goal described in paragraph (2) has not be met.
       (4) The report of the National Academies of Sciences, 
     Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous 
     Asteroids Using Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes'', 
     issued in 2019, states that--
       (A) NASA should develop and launch a dedicated space-based 
     infrared survey telescope to meet the requirements of section 
     321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 
     119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.); and
       (B) the early detection of potentially hazardous near-Earth 
     objects enabled by a space-based infrared survey telescope is 
     important to enable deflection of a dangerous asteroid.
       (b) Maintenance of Planetary Defense Coordination Office.--
     The Administrator shall maintain an office within the 
     Planetary Science Division of the Science Mission 
     Directorate, to be known as the ``Planetary Defense 
     Coordination Office''--
       (1) to plan, develop, and implement a program to survey 
     threats posed by near-Earth objects equal to or greater than 
     140 meters in diameter, as required by section 321(d)(1) of 
     the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
     Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 
     2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.);
       (2) identify, track, and characterize potentially hazardous 
     near-Earth objects, issue warnings of the effects of 
     potential impacts of such objects, and investigate strategies 
     and technologies for mitigating the potential impacts of such 
     objects; and
       (3) assist in coordinating government planning for response 
     to a potential impact of a near-Earth object.
       (c) Dedicated Survey Mission.--
       (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (A) the Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission, as designed, is 
     anticipated to make significant progress toward carrying out 
     congressional policy and direction, as set forth in section 
     321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 
     119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.), to detect 90 
     percent of near-Earth objects equal to, or greater than, 140 
     meters in diameter; and
       (B) the Administrator should prioritize the public safety 
     role of the Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission and should not 
     delay the development and launch of the mission due to cost 
     growth on other planetary science missions.
       (2) Continuation of mission.--
       (A) In general.--The Administrator shall continue the 
     development of a dedicated space-based infrared survey 
     telescope mission, known as the ``Near-Earth Object 
     Surveyor'', on a schedule to achieve a launch-readiness date 
     not later than March 30, 2026, or the earliest practicable 
     date, for the purpose of accomplishing the objectives set 
     forth in section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 
     109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).
       (B) Consideration of recommendations.--The design of the 
     mission described in subparagraph (A) shall take into account 
     the recommendations of the 2019 report of the National 
     Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine entitled 
     ``Finding Hazardous Asteroids Using Infrared and Visible 
     Wavelength Telescopes'', the planetary science decadal 
     survey, and the 2018 United States National Near-Earth Object 
     Preparedness Strategy and Action Plan.
       (d) Annual Report.--Section 321(f) of the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 
     2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 
     note prec.) is amended to read as follows:
       ``(f) Annual Report.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     date of the enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2022 and annually 
     thereafter through 90-percent completion of the catalogue 
     required by subsection (d)(1), the Administrator shall submit 
     to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
     the Senate and the Committee on

[[Page S3493]]

     Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives a report that includes the following:
       ``(1) A summary of all activities carried out by the 
     Planetary Defense Coordination Office established under 
     section 10825 of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2022 since the date of 
     enactment of that Act.
       ``(2) A description of the progress with respect to the 
     design, development, and launch of the space-based infrared 
     survey telescope required by section 10825(c) of the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 
     2022.
       ``(3) An assessment of the progress toward meeting the 
     requirements under subsection (d)(1).
       ``(4) A description of the status of efforts to coordinate 
     and cooperate with other countries to detect hazardous 
     asteroids and comets, plan a mitigation strategy, and 
     implement that strategy in the event of the discovery of an 
     object on a likely collision course with Earth.
       ``(5) A summary of expenditures for all activities carried 
     out by the Planetary Defense Coordination Office since the 
     date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2022''.
       (e) Near-earth Object Defined.--In this section, the term 
     ``near-Earth object'' has the meaning given the term in 
     section 321(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 
     119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).

                        Subtitle C--Aeronautics

     SEC. 10831. EXPERIMENTAL AIRCRAFT PROJECTS.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) developing high-risk, precompetitive aerospace 
     technologies for which there is not yet a profit rationale is 
     a fundamental role of the Administration;
       (2) large-scale flight test experimentation and validation 
     are necessary for--
       (A) transitioning new technologies and materials, including 
     associated manufacturing processes, for aviation and 
     aeronautics use; and
       (B) capturing the full extent of benefits from investments 
     made by the Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate; and
       (3) a level of funding that adequately supports large-scale 
     flight test experimentation and validation, including related 
     infrastructure, should be ensured over a sustained period of 
     time to restore the capacity of the Administration--
       (A) to see legacy priority programs through to completion; 
     and
       (B) to achieve national economic and security objectives.
       (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United 
     States--
       (1) to maintain world leadership in--
       (A) civilian aeronautical science and technology; and
       (B) aerospace industrialization; and
       (2) to maintain as a fundamental objective of the 
     aeronautics research of the Administration the steady 
     progression and expansion of flight research and 
     capabilities, including the science and technology of 
     critical underlying disciplines and competencies, such as--
       (A) computational-based analytical and predictive tools and 
     methodologies;
       (B) aerothermodynamics;
       (C) propulsion;
       (D) advanced materials and manufacturing processes;
       (E) high-temperature structures and materials; and
       (F) guidance, navigation, and flight controls.
       (c) Experimental Aircraft Flight Demonstrations.--
       (1) In general.--In meeting the objectives described in 
     subsection (b), the Administrator shall carry out 
     experimental aircraft demonstrations, including--
       (A) a subsonic demonstrator to demonstrate the performance 
     and feasibility of advanced, ultra-efficient, and low 
     emissions subsonic flight demonstrator configurations;
       (B) a low boom flight demonstrator to validate design tools 
     and technologies that can be applied to low sonic boom 
     commercial supersonic aircraft and support the development of 
     a noise-based standard for supersonic overland flight; and
       (C) a flight research demonstrator to test the performance 
     and feasibility of advanced, ultra-efficient and net-zero 
     emissions aircraft concepts and configurations.
       (2) Elements.--For each demonstration under paragraph (1), 
     the Administrator shall--
       (A) include the development of experimental aircraft and 
     all necessary supporting flight test assets;
       (B) pursue a robust technology maturation and flight test 
     validation effort;
       (C) improve necessary facilities, flight testing 
     capabilities, and computational tools to support the 
     demonstration;
       (D) award any primary contracts for design, procurement, 
     and manufacturing to United States persons, consistent with 
     international obligations and commitments; and
       (E) coordinate research and flight test demonstration 
     activities with other Federal agencies and the United States 
     aviation community, as the Administrator considers 
     appropriate.
       (3) United states person defined.--In this subsection, the 
     term ``United States person'' means--
       (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted 
     for permanent residence to the United States; or
       (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States 
     or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a 
     foreign branch of such an entity.
       (d) Collaboration With Industry and Academia.--The 
     Administration shall seek means to expand collaboration with 
     industry and academia on basic research and technology 
     development related to experimental aircraft, and on the 
     experimental aircraft demonstrations required by subsection 
     (c).
       (e) Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technology 
     Program.--
       (1) In general.--The Administrator may establish an 
     advanced materials and manufacturing technology program--
       (A) to develop--
       (i) new materials, including composite and high-temperature 
     materials, from base material formulation through full-scale 
     structural validation and manufacture;
       (ii) advanced materials and manufacturing processes, 
     including additive manufacturing, to reduce the cost of 
     manufacturing scale-up and certification for use in 
     aeronautics; and
       (iii) noninvasive or nondestructive techniques for testing 
     or evaluating aviation and aeronautics structures, including 
     for materials and manufacturing processes;
       (B) to reduce the time it takes to design, industrialize, 
     and certify advanced materials and manufacturing processes;
       (C) to provide education and training opportunities for the 
     aerospace workforce; and
       (D) to address global cost and human capital 
     competitiveness for United States aeronautical industries and 
     technological leadership in advanced materials and 
     manufacturing technology.
       (2) Elements.--In carrying out a program under paragraph 
     (1), the Administrator may--
       (A) build on work that was carried out by the Advanced 
     Composites Project of the Administration;
       (B) partner with the private and academic sectors, such as 
     members of the Advanced Composites Consortium of the 
     Administration, the Joint Advanced Materials and Structures 
     Center of Excellence of the Federal Aviation Administration, 
     the Manufacturing USA institutes of the Department of 
     Commerce, and national laboratories, as the Administrator 
     considers appropriate;
       (C) provide a structure for managing intellectual property 
     generated by the program based on or consistent with the 
     structure established for the Advanced Composites Consortium 
     of the Administration;
       (D) ensure adequate Federal cost share for applicable 
     research; and
       (E) coordinate with advanced manufacturing and composites 
     initiatives in other mission directorates of the 
     Administration, as the Administrator considers appropriate.
       (f) Research Partnerships.--In carrying out the 
     demonstrations under subsection (c) and a program under 
     subsection (e), the Administrator may engage in cooperative 
     research programs with--
       (1) academia; and
       (2) commercial aviation and aerospace manufacturers.

     SEC. 10832. UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS.

       (a) Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operation Program.--The 
     Administrator shall--
       (1) research and test capabilities and concepts, including 
     unmanned aircraft systems communications, for integrating 
     unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system;
       (2) leverage the partnership NASA has with industry focused 
     on the advancement of technologies for future air traffic 
     management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
       (3) continue to leverage the research and testing portfolio 
     of NASA to inform the integration of unmanned aircraft 
     systems into the national airspace system, consistent with 
     public safety and national security objectives.
       (b) Sense of Congress on Coordination With Federal Aviation 
     Administration.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) NASA should continue--
       (A) to coordinate with the Federal Aviation Administration 
     on research on air traffic management systems for unmanned 
     aircraft systems; and
       (B) to assist the Federal Aviation Administration in the 
     integration of air traffic management systems for unmanned 
     aircraft systems into the national airspace system; and
       (2) the test ranges (as defined in section 44801 of title 
     49, United States Code) should continue to be leveraged for 
     research on--
       (A) air traffic management systems for unmanned aircraft 
     systems; and
       (B) the integration of such systems into the national 
     airspace system.

     SEC. 10833. CLEANER, QUIETER AIRPLANES.

       (a) Initiative Required.--Section 40112 of title 51, United 
     States Code, is amended--
       (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (f) as 
     subsections (c) through (g), respectively; and
       (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
       ``(b) Research and Development Initiative on Reduction of 
     Greenhouse Gas and Noise Emissions From Aircraft.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish an 
     initiative to research, develop, and demonstrate new 
     technologies and concepts--
       ``(A) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from aviation, 
     including carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, other greenhouse 
     gases, water

[[Page S3494]]

     vapor, black carbon and sulfate aerosols, and increased 
     cloudiness due to contrail formation;
       ``(B) to reduce aviation noise emissions; and
       ``(C) to enable associated aircraft performance 
     characteristics.
       ``(2) Goals.--The goals of the initiative required by 
     paragraph (1) shall be--
       ``(A) to ensure United States leadership in research and 
     technology innovation leading to substantial reductions in 
     aviation noise and greenhouse gas emissions;
       ``(B) to enhance and expand basic research, and the 
     translation of basic research into applications, that may 
     lead to transformational advances in reducing aviation noise 
     and greenhouse gas emissions;
       ``(C) to accelerate research and development that 
     contributes to maturing new technologies for reducing 
     aircraft noise and greenhouse gas emissions; and
       ``(D) to obtain and disseminate associated testing and 
     performance data that facilitates the incorporation of new 
     technologies into commercial aircraft development as soon as 
     practicable.
       ``(3) Objectives.--The objectives of the initiative 
     established under paragraph (1) and the goals described in 
     paragraph (2) shall include--
       ``(A) as soon as practicable, a reduction of greenhouse gas 
     emissions from new aircraft by at least 50 percent, as 
     compared to the highest-performing aircraft technologies in 
     service as of December 31, 2021;
       ``(B) noise levels from aircraft throughout all phases of 
     flight that do not exceed ambient noise levels in the absence 
     of flight operations in the vicinity of the flight route;
       ``(C) net-zero greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft by 
     2050; and
       ``(D) demonstration of new technologies developed pursuant 
     to such initiative on--
       ``(i) regional aircraft intended to enter into service by 
     2030; and
       ``(ii) single-aisle aircraft designed to accommodate more 
     than 125 passengers intended to enter into service by 
     2040.''.
       (b) Technology Focus Areas.--In carrying out the research 
     and development initiative established under section 40112(b) 
     of title 51, United States Code, the Administrator shall 
     advance research, development, and demonstration projects on 
     promising technologies such as--
       (1) advanced subsonic propulsion technology, design, and 
     integration;
       (2) electric and hybrid-electric propulsion, including 
     battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric systems;
       (3) airframe concepts and configurations;
       (4) analysis of technology options, including cost-benefit 
     analysis of greenhouse gas and noise emissions reduction 
     technologies;
       (5) analytical tools for system-level and system-of-
     systems-level modeling and integration;
       (6) airspace operations improvements;
       (7) noise emissions reduction; and
       (8) any other effort, as determined by the Administration, 
     that contributes to a sustainable future for aviation.
       (c) Implementation.--In implementing the initiative 
     established under section 40112(b) of title 51, United States 
     Code, the Administrator shall, to the extent practicable--
       (1) ensure that testing and performance data integrates the 
     results of community acceptance surveys conducted by the 
     Federal Aviation Administration and other relevant studies, 
     including studies on the impacts of new noise effects from 
     novel propulsion systems and from airspace operations 
     changes;
       (2) provide testing and performance data on the 
     technologies described in subsection (b) of this section to 
     the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to 
     facilitate the work of the Federal Aviation Administration in 
     identifying new requirements for policy, infrastructure, and 
     administrative capacity necessary to enable the safe 
     integration of such technologies on aircraft;
       (3) pursue partnerships with organizations, current 
     commercial production aircraft providers, academic 
     institutions, small businesses, and new entrants, including 
     partnerships to advance research and development activities 
     related to both regional aircraft and aircraft designed to 
     accommodate more than 125 passengers;
       (4) include universities, academic institutions, and other 
     research organizations in the partnerships described in 
     paragraph (3);
       (5) expand basic research;
       (6) ensure equity in research sponsorship of, and 
     partnership opportunities with, underrepresented students, 
     faculty, and minority-serving-institutions;
       (7) continue to coordinate with the Secretary of Energy on 
     battery technology research;
       (8) make available the research and development carried out 
     under the initiative established under subsection (b) of 
     section 40112 of title 51, United States Code, to help enable 
     an industry-wide shift toward aircraft concepts that reduce 
     greenhouse gas emissions and aircraft noise to achieve the 
     goals and objectives under paragraphs (2) and (3) of that 
     subsection; and
       (9) continue to support research, development, and 
     demonstration of aircraft concepts, including systems 
     architecture, materials and components, integration of 
     systems and airframe structures, human factors, airspace 
     planning and operations, and the integration of related 
     advanced technologies and concepts, with the goal of carrying 
     out test flights with integrated subsystems by 2025.
       (d) Annual Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
     Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
     Congress a report on the progress of the efforts carried out 
     under the initiative established under subsection (b) of 
     section 40112 of title 51, United States Code, including--
       (1) the status of progress on such initiative;
       (2) an updated, anticipated timeframe for readiness of 
     technologies and aircraft to be adopted by industry with the 
     emissions reduction levels directed under that subsection; 
     and
       (3) an identification of fundamental aeronautics research 
     activities contributing to achieving the goals and objectives 
     of such initiative, as described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of 
     that subsection, and a description of any obstacles to 
     achieving such goals and objectives.

                      Subtitle D--Space Technology

     SEC. 10841. SPACE NUCLEAR CAPABILITIES.

       (a) Nuclear Propulsion.--
       (1) Use in robotic and human exploration activities.--The 
     Administrator, in collaboration with other relevant Federal 
     agencies and with industry, shall take all necessary steps to 
     carry out research and development, ground-based testing and 
     in-space testing, and other associated activities to enable 
     the use of space nuclear propulsion in Administration robotic 
     and human exploration activities, including in cargo missions 
     to Mars in the late 2020's and crewed missions to Mars in the 
     2030's.
       (2) Space nuclear propulsion program.--
       (A) In general.--The Administrator shall establish a space 
     nuclear propulsion program to carry out the activities 
     described in paragraph (1).
       (B) Elements.--The program established under subparagraph 
     (A) shall include the following:
       (i) Research and development in both nuclear electric and 
     nuclear thermal propulsion technology maturation efforts, to 
     the extent practicable, and the development of consistent 
     figures of merit across both nuclear electric and nuclear 
     thermal systems, as recommended by the National Academies of 
     Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in the report entitled 
     ``Space Nuclear Propulsion for Human Mars Exploration'', so 
     as to inform a down-selection of a nuclear electric or 
     nuclear thermal propulsion system by 2026, or as early as 
     practicable.
       (ii) Ground-based testing, to the extent practicable, 
     including not less than 1 ground-based test of a full-scale, 
     integrated nuclear propulsion system before any in-space test 
     or demonstration of such system.
       (iii) In-space demonstration of a nuclear propulsion system 
     in the late 2020's, which may be carried out as a cargo 
     mission to Mars.
       (3) Plan.--
       (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to 
     the appropriate committees of Congress a plan to achieve an 
     in-space flight test of a nuclear propulsion system that 
     could support the first crewed mission to Mars in the 2030's.
       (B) Elements.--The plan required by subparagraph (A) shall 
     include the following:
       (i) A timeline to mature enabling technologies and an 
     outline of major milestones for integration of such 
     technologies into the larger nuclear propulsion system.
       (ii) A cost estimate for maturing such technologies.
       (iii) A description of facility requirements for the 
     program under paragraph (2) associated with such 
     technologies.
       (iv) A description of the manner in which the Administrator 
     will use the efforts described in paragraph (2)(B) to 
     determine whether the in-space flight test should demonstrate 
     a nuclear electric propulsion system or a nuclear thermal 
     propulsion system.
       (C) An identification of any policy or regulatory 
     challenges or barriers to conducting such in-space test or 
     any precursor ground-based testing, and a description of 
     options for addressing such challenges or barriers.
       (b) Nuclear Surface Power Program.--
       (1) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a 
     program for research, testing, and development of a space 
     nuclear surface power reactor design.
       (2) Plan.--
       (A) In general.--The Administrator shall--
       (i) develop a plan and timeline for the program established 
     under paragraph (1), taking into consideration mission needs; 
     and
       (ii) include in such plan opportunities for participation 
     by United States commercial entities.
       (B) Submission.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to 
     the appropriate committees of Congress the plan developed 
     under subparagraph (A).
       (c) Assessment of In-space Propulsion Testing Facilities.--
       (1) In general.--The Administrator shall carry out a needs 
     assessment for facilities and technical capabilities required 
     to support ground-based testing of a full-scale, full-power 
     integrated nuclear propulsion system.
       (2) Element.--The assessment required by paragraph (1) 
     shall consider the potential development of facilities that 
     will support long-term research and development of space 
     nuclear propulsion systems.
       (3) Report.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
     appropriate committees of Congress a report on

[[Page S3495]]

     the results of the assessment carried out under paragraph 
     (1).

     SEC. 10842. PRIORITIZATION OF LOW-ENRICHED URANIUM 
                   TECHNOLOGY.

       (a) In General.--The Administrator shall prioritize the use 
     of low-enriched uranium, including high-assay low-enriched 
     uranium, for space nuclear research and development, 
     including ground and in-space testing and other related 
     demonstration activities carried out under this title.
       (b) Interagency Collaboration.--The Administrator shall, to 
     the extent practicable, collaborate and coordinate with the 
     Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the heads 
     of other relevant Federal agencies on technology development, 
     knowledge exchange, lessons learned regarding nuclear power 
     and propulsion technologies, common fuels, flight 
     demonstrations, and operational systems production for space 
     applications.
       (c) Report on Nuclear Technology Prioritization.--Not later 
     than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
     the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees 
     of Congress a report that details the actions taken and 
     planned, including a timeline for such actions, to implement 
     subsection (a).

                      Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

     SEC. 10851. OFFICE OF STEM ENGAGEMENT.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
     NASA's inspiring mission, specialized facilities, skilled 
     engineering and scientific workforce, and research activities 
     present unique opportunities for inspiring public engagement 
     in STEM and increasing the number of students pursuing STEM 
     degrees and careers.
       (b) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish an 
     Office of STEM Engagement (referred to in this section as the 
     ``Office'') for the purpose of advancing progress toward the 
     STEM education goals of the United States by enhancing STEM 
     literacy, increasing diversity, equity, and inclusion in 
     STEM, and preparing the STEM workforce for the future.
       (c) Responsibilities.--The Office established shall be 
     responsible for coordinating efforts and activities among 
     organizations across the Administration, including NASA 
     headquarters, mission directorates, and NASA centers, 
     designed--
       (1) to create unique opportunities for students and the 
     public to learn from and contribute to the work of NASA in 
     exploration and discovery;
       (2) to contribute to the growth of a diverse STEM 
     workforce; and
       (3) to strengthen public understanding of science by 
     enabling connections to the mission and work of NASA.
       (d) Portfolio.--The Office shall coordinate and 
     administer--
       (1) the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program 
     under chapter 403 of title 51 United States Code;
       (2) the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
     Research under section 40903 of title 51 United States Code;
       (3) the Minority University Research and Education Project;
       (4) the NextGen STEM Project; and
       (5) any other program or activity the Administrator 
     considers appropriate.
       (e) Technical Amendments.--Section 40903 of title 51, 
     United States Code, is amended--
       (1) in the section heading, by striking ``Experimental'' 
     and inserting ``Established''; and
       (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``Experimental'' and 
     inserting ``Established''.

                       Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

     SEC. 10861. PROGRAM, WORKFORCE, AND INDUSTRIAL BASE REVIEWS.

       (a) Report on Industrial Base for Civil Space Missions and 
     Operations.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, and from time to time thereafter, 
     the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees 
     of Congress a report on the United States industrial base for 
     NASA civil space missions and operations.
       (2) Elements.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
     include the following:
       (A) A comprehensive description of the current status of 
     the United States industrial base for NASA civil space 
     missions and operations.
       (B) A description and assessment of the weaknesses in the 
     supply chain, skills, manufacturing capacity, raw materials, 
     key components, and other areas of the United States 
     industrial base for NASA civil space missions and operations 
     that could adversely impact such missions and operations if 
     unavailable.
       (C) A description and assessment of various mechanisms to 
     address and mitigate the weaknesses described pursuant to 
     subparagraph (B).
       (D) A comprehensive list of the collaborative efforts, 
     including future and proposed collaborative efforts, between 
     NASA and the Manufacturing USA institutes of the Department 
     of Commerce.
       (E) An assessment of--
       (i) the defense and aerospace manufacturing supply chains 
     relevant to NASA in each region of the United States; and
       (ii) the feasibility and benefits of establishing a supply 
     chain center of excellence in a State in which NASA does not, 
     as of the date of the enactment of this Act, have a research 
     center or test facility.
       (F) Such other matters relating to the United States 
     industrial base for NASA civil space missions and operations 
     as the Administrator considers appropriate.
       (b) Workforce and Modeling and Test Facilities.--
       (1) Review.--
       (A) In general.--The Administrator shall enter into an 
     arrangement with the National Academies of Sciences, 
     Engineering, and Medicine to carry out a comprehensive review 
     of the workforce, skills-base, and modeling and test 
     facilities of the Administration.
       (B) Elements.--The review conducted under subparagraph (A) 
     shall include the following:
       (i) A consideration of the use of emerging technologies in 
     relevant engineering and science disciplines and the skills 
     needed to apply such capabilities to Administration missions 
     across all mission directorates.
       (ii) Prioritized recommendations on actions needed to align 
     the Administration's workforce with research objectives and 
     strategic goals and on the improvements and additions to 
     modeling capabilities and test facilities needed to meet the 
     Administration's strategic goals and objectives.
       (C) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
     appropriate committees of Congress report on the results of 
     the review conducted under subparagraph (A).
       (2) Implementation plan.--Not later than 120 days after the 
     date on which the review under paragraph (1) is completed, 
     the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees 
     of Congress a plan for implementing the recommendations 
     contained the review.
       (3) Report on nasa infrastructure, workforce skills and 
     capabilities.--
       (A) Policy and procedure.--
       (i) In general.--The Administrator shall develop an 
     Administration policy and procedure for assessment, not less 
     frequently than every 5 years, of the strategic capabilities 
     of the Administration, including infrastructure and 
     facilities, and workforce skills and capabilities.
       (ii) Elements.--The policy and procedure developed under 
     clause (i) shall include acquiring data and support for 
     Administration decisions and recommendations on strategic 
     capabilities, including on infrastructure and facilities, and 
     workforce skills and capabilities needed to support the goals 
     and objectives of the Administration through 2040.
       (B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit the 
     policy and procedure developed under subparagraph (A) to the 
     appropriate committees of Congress.
       (4) Independent program analysis and evaluation office.--
       (A) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish 
     within NASA an Independent Program Analysis and Evaluation 
     Office (referred to in this paragraph as the ``Office'') for 
     purposes of independently assessing program performance, 
     making programmatic, technical risk mitigation and 
     institutional recommendations, performing cost estimates and 
     analyses, and conducting strategic planning activities, among 
     other functions.
       (B) Independence.--The Office shall remain independent of 
     any program, and shall have no programmatic responsibilities, 
     so as to maintain its independent assessment integrity.
       (C) Activities authorized.--In conducting the functions of 
     the Office, the Administrator may carry out--
       (i) research on program assessment;
       (ii) cost, schedule, and technical estimation; and
       (iii) other relevant activities for the purposes of 
     obtaining the highest level of expertise and the most 
     effective decision-making tools with which to inform the 
     Administrator.
       (D) Moon to mars activities.--The Office shall maintain an 
     ongoing, focused effort to assess the goals, objectives, 
     requirements, architectural approach, cost and schedule, and 
     progress of the Administration's Moon to Mars activities.
       (5) International space station.--Not later than 1 year 
     after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
     Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
     Congress the results of an independent estimate by the Office 
     of the cost of continuing International Space Station 
     operations through September 30, 2030, including--
       (A) crew and cargo transportation, research to be 
     undertaken reflecting the priorities described in section 
     10816, and maintenance costs; and
       (B) opportunities for operational efficiencies that could 
     result in cost savings and increased research productivity 
     and the amount of those potential savings and productivity 
     increases.

     SEC. 10862. MODIFICATION OF LEASE OF NON-EXCESS PROPERTY.

       (a) In General.--Section 20145 of title 51, United States 
     Code, is amended in subsection (g), in the first sentence, by 
     striking ``December 31, 2022'' and inserting ``December 31, 
     2032''.
       (b) Reporting Requirements.--Subsection (f) of such section 
     is amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(3) Annual and cumulative number of leases.--The annual 
     and cumulative number of leases entered into under this 
     section, by National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
     center and facility.

[[Page S3496]]

       ``(4) Estimated cost savings.--For each active lease 
     agreement under this section, the estimated cost savings to 
     the Administration resulting from reduced maintenance, 
     operating, and associated costs in the previous fiscal year.
       ``(5) Other quantifiable benefits.--Other quantifiable 
     benefits, including additional cost savings not included 
     under paragraph (4), to the Administration resulting from the 
     use of leases under this section.''.
       (c) Report on Requirements.--Such section is further 
     amended--
       (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
       (2) by adding after subsection (f) the following:
       ``(g) Report on Enhanced-use Leasing Requirements.--Not 
     later than 270 days after the date of the enactment of the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization 
     Act of 2022, the Administrator shall prepare and submit to 
     the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
     Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
     the House of Representatives a report on existing 
     requirements for applicants seeking a lease under this 
     section, including--
       ``(1) any requirement related to the involvement of foreign 
     entities, foreign entity ownership, and foreign entity 
     investment; and
       ``(2) at the discretion of the Administrator, any other 
     requirement related to the protection and security of 
     Administration missions and facilities.''.

   DIVISION C--SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS TO ADDRESS THREATS TO THE 
                   SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

        The following sums are appropriated, out of any money in 
     the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year 
     ending September 30, 2022, and for other purposes, namely:

                                TITLE I

                         DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

                     United States Marshals Service

                         salaries and expenses

       For an additional amount for ``Salaries and Expenses'', 
     $10,300,000, to remain available until September 30, 2023, 
     for expenses necessary to address threats to the Supreme 
     Court of the United States.

                                TITLE II

                             THE JUDICIARY

                   Supreme Court of the United States

                         salaries and expenses

       For an additional amount for ``Salaries and Expenses'', 
     $9,100,000, to remain available until September 30, 2023, for 
     expenses necessary to address threats to the Supreme Court of 
     the United States.

                               TITLE III

                      GENERAL PROVISIONS--THIS ACT

       Sec. 301.  Each amount appropriated or made available by 
     this Act is in addition to amounts otherwise appropriated for 
     the fiscal year involved.
       Sec. 302.  No part of any appropriation contained in this 
     Act shall remain available for obligation beyond the current 
     fiscal year unless expressly so provided herein.
       Sec. 303.  Unless otherwise provided for by this Act, the 
     additional amounts appropriated by this Act to appropriations 
     accounts shall be available under the authorities and 
     conditions applicable to such appropriations accounts for 
     fiscal year 2022.
       Sec. 304.  Each amount provided by this Act is designated 
     by Congress as being for an emergency requirement pursuant to 
     section 4001(a)(1) and section 4001(b) of S. Con. Res. 14 
     (117th Congress), the concurrent resolution on the budget for 
     fiscal year 2022.
        This division may be cited as the ``Supreme Court Security 
     Funding Act of 2022''.
                                 ______