[Congressional Record Volume 168, Number 98 (Wednesday, June 8, 2022)]
[House]
[Pages H5348-H5361]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




    PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF H.R. 2377, FEDERAL EXTREME RISK 
PROTECTION ORDER ACT OF 2021; PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF H.R. 7910, 
            PROTECTING OUR KIDS ACT; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, by direction of the Committee on Rules, 
I call up House Resolution 1153 and ask for its immediate 
consideration.
  The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:

                              H. Res. 1153

       Resolved, That upon adoption of this resolution it shall be 
     in order to consider in the House the bill (H.R. 2377) to 
     authorize the issuance of extreme risk protection orders. All 
     points of order against consideration of the bill are waived. 
     In lieu of the amendment in the nature of a substitute 
     recommended by the Committee on the Judiciary now printed in 
     the bill, an amendment in the nature of a substitute 
     consisting of the text of Rules Committee Print 117-46, 
     modified by the amendment printed in the report of the 
     Committee on Rules accompanying this resolution, shall be 
     considered as adopted. The bill, as amended, shall be 
     considered as read. All points of order against provisions in 
     the bill, as amended, are waived. The previous question shall 
     be considered as ordered on the bill, as amended, and on any 
     further amendment thereto, to final passage without 
     intervening motion except: (1) one hour of debate equally 
     divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority 
     member of the Committee on the Judiciary or their respective 
     designees; and (2) one motion to recommit.
       Sec. 2.  Upon adoption of this resolution it shall be in 
     order to consider in the House the bill (H.R. 7910) to amend 
     title 18, United States Code, to provide for an increased age 
     limit on the purchase of certain firearms, prevent gun 
     trafficking, modernize the prohibition on untraceable 
     firearms, encourage the safe storage of firearms, and for 
     other purposes. All points of order against consideration of 
     the bill are waived. In lieu of the amendment in the nature 
     of a substitute recommended by the Committee on the Judiciary 
     now printed in the bill, an amendment in the nature of a 
     substitute consisting of the text of Rules Committee Print 
     117-48 shall be considered as adopted. The bill, as amended, 
     shall be considered as read. All points of order against 
     provisions in the bill, as amended, are waived. The previous 
     question shall be considered as ordered on the bill, as 
     amended, and on any further amendment thereto, to final 
     passage without intervening motion except: (1) two hours of 
     debate equally divided and controlled by the chair and 
     ranking minority member of the Committee on the Judiciary or 
     their respective designees; (2) proceedings under section 3 
     of this resolution; and (3) one motion to recommit.
       Sec. 3.  The proceedings referred to in section 2 of this 
     resolution are as follows:
        (a) after debate pursuant to section 2 of this resolution, 
     the Chair shall put the question on retaining each title of 
     the bill, as amended, in the order specified by the Chair;
       (b) the yeas and nays shall be considered as ordered on 
     each of the questions under subsection (a); and
       (c) after disposition of the questions under subsection 
     (a), the Chair shall put the question on engrossment and 
     third reading of the

[[Page H5349]]

     text comprising those portions of the bill retained pursuant 
     to subsection (a).
       Sec. 4.  In the engrossment of H.R. 7910, the Clerk shall 
     conform title and section numbers and make related 
     corrections to cross-references in the event a portion of the 
     bill is not retained pursuant to section 3 of this 
     resolution.
       Sec. 5.  House Resolution 1151 is hereby adopted.
       Sec. 6.  House Resolution 1152 is hereby adopted.
       Sec. 7.  House Resolution 188, agreed to March 8, 2021 (as 
     most recently amended by House Resolution 1097, agreed to May 
     10, 2022), is amended by striking ``June 10, 2022'' each 
     place it appears and inserting (in each instance) ``June 17, 
     2022''.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. McBath). The gentleman from 
Massachusetts is recognized for 1 hour.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, for the purpose of debate only, I yield 
the customary 30 minutes to the gentlewoman from Minnesota (Mrs. 
Fischbach), pending which I yield myself such time as I may consume. 
During consideration of this resolution, all time yielded is for the 
purpose of debate only.


                             General Leave

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members 
may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their 
remarks.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Massachusetts?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Madam Speaker, yesterday, the Rules Committee met and reported a 
rule, House Resolution 1153, for two measures.
  First, it provides for consideration of H.R. 2377 under a closed 
rule. The rule self-executes a manager's amendment, provides 1 hour of 
general debate equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking 
member of the Judiciary Committee, and provides one motion to recommit.
  Second, the rule provides for consideration of H.R. 7910 under a 
closed rule. The rule provides 2 hours of general debate equally 
divided and controlled by the chair and ranking member of the Judiciary 
Committee. It provides that following debate the House will vote 
separately on retaining each title of the bill and provides one motion 
to recommit.
  Additionally, the rule deems passage of H. Res. 1151 and H. Res. 
1152.
  Finally, the rule extends recess instructions, suspension authority, 
and same-day authority through June 17.
  Madam Speaker, I am struggling to put into words right now the 
tremendous pain that so many Americans feel in the wake of the mass 
shootings in Uvalde, Texas, and Buffalo, New York, pain because, once 
again, we are burying America's children.
  The hopes and dreams and futures of our kids, birthday parties and 
bar mitzvahs, and summer breaks and high school graduations stolen by a 
senseless, unceasing drumbeat of gun violence. The lives of innocent 
shoppers ended in a hate-fueled rampage of white supremacy.
  It does not have to be this way. What kind of country are we if we 
let this happen and do nothing? What does that say about our values and 
our priorities as a society?
  I am so deeply disappointed and frustrated as a Member of Congress, 
but even more as a parent. What happened in Uvalde is unconscionable.
  For God's sake, the parents had to submit DNA because the bodies of 
their fourth graders were unrecognizable. They had to identify them by 
their shoes because the exit wounds produced by an AR-15 were so large 
that their bodies were torn apart by the bullets.
  Madam Speaker, 18-year-olds can't even rent a car, but they can buy 
guns that can tear people apart. It just doesn't make any sense.
  When I think of the trauma the parents had to go through, burying 
their kids, knowing that this could have been prevented if bills like 
the ones we are considering today were passed into law, it is beyond 
heartbreaking.
  There are no words, just sadness, when I think of my kids. Then, I 
think of all the parents who won't get to watch their own kids grow up.
  For Uvalde, for Parkland, for Sandy Hook, for Buffalo, and all the 
mass shootings that have torn apart communities all across this 
country, I am pleading with my colleagues: Do not throw away this 
opportunity to get something done. Do not let partisan talking points 
get in the way of reasonable gun safety measures.

                              {time}  1230

  None of these ideas are extreme. In fact, they are what the vast 
majority of people in this country want us to do.
  This vote will unequivocally show where each and every one of us 
stands: on red flag laws, on raising the age to purchase a 
semiautomatic rifle from 18 to 21, on gun trafficking and straw 
purchases, on ghost guns, on the safe storage of firearms, particularly 
when a minor is likely to gain access to them, on bump stocks, and on 
large-capacity magazines.
  We will have separate votes on all of these issues. This week there 
will be no excuses.
  Really, think about that list. None of these proposals are aimed at 
taking firearms away from law-abiding gun owners. They are aimed at 
stopping people from getting slaughtered in their schools, in churches, 
in grocery stores, in homes.
  These bills would have stopped the shooters in Buffalo and Uvalde 
from buying their guns.
  Madam Speaker, I am pleading with my colleagues on the other side of 
the aisle to work with us, and I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I thank the gentleman from 
Massachusetts for yielding me the customary 30 minutes, and I yield 
myself such time as I may consume.
  Let me be clear: House Republicans condemn the violence in Buffalo, 
Uvalde, Tulsa, and Philadelphia. We stand ready to work with the 
majority to directly address school safety, mental health, and the root 
causes of gun violence.
  Unfortunately, the bills we are considering today under the rule are 
nothing more than an attempt by Democrats to try to push their antigun 
agenda.
  H.R. 7910 is a grab bag full of far-left proposals that will not 
effectively address gun violence but will severely limit America's 
Second Amendment rights.
  There are a few provisions I would like to point out.
  The bill raises the legal age of gun ownership to 21. This provision 
is very likely unconstitutional. Even a liberal district court in 
California has already determined that with regard to similar 
restrictions.
  This bill broadens the definition of ``frame or receiver'' that could 
define multiple parts of the same gun as separate firearms. Each of 
these parts would need its own distinct serial number or risk becoming 
a classified ghost gun. This could turn millions of legal guns into 
contraband, and law-abiding gun owners into felons.
  H.R. 2377 is another reminder the Democrats fundamentally have no 
respect for Second Amendment rights. It shows their lack of respect for 
Fourth Amendment rights also. This bill destroys the presumption of 
innocence that is the bedrock of our justice system.
  It does away with the notion that an individual is innocent until 
proven guilty, and instead makes anyone subject to an extreme risk 
protection order guilty until proven innocent with what amounts to 
another version of a red flag law.
  They also want to mandate a system for gun storage in private homes, 
which is unconstitutional, and almost impossible to enforce without 
stripping even more rights from law-abiding citizens. Democrats are 
picking and choosing legal standards to deprive citizens of their 
constitutional rights based on how closely those rights are aligned 
with their political agenda.
  Furthermore, the universe of individuals who can petition a court for 
an extreme risk protection order under this bill is far too broad, and 
it creates a process that is ripe for abuse. This bill would create an 
opportunity for a disgruntled ex-roommate or predatory domestic partner 
to use the judicial system to harass and burden an individual by 
requiring law enforcement to seize that individual's firearms and 
ammunition.
  Federal law already prohibits dangerous and unfit individuals from 
purchasing or possessing firearms. An individual with a misdemeanor 
domestic

[[Page H5350]]

violence conviction, an individual involuntarily committed to a mental 
institution or adjudicated mentally defective, or an individual who is 
an unlawful user of controlled substances are all prohibited from 
possessing or purchasing a firearm under current law.
  Democrats rejected an amendment that will allow for transfers of a 
firearm to a victim of domestic violence for self-defense. Under this 
bill, a friend or neighbor trying to help a victim would be charged 
with gun trafficking.
  These bills are not about public safety, they are about the left's 
antigun agenda.
  During the Judiciary Committee's consideration of this bill, the 
chairman of the committee conceded that the strict gun laws in liberal 
jurisdictions don't work because criminals are able to obtain guns 
elsewhere illegally. A Member from Tennessee on that committee admitted 
that the Democrats' bills will make it harder for law-abiding Americans 
to exercise their Second Amendment rights. Another Member, one from New 
York, threatened to abolish the filibuster and pack the Supreme Court 
if any of our Nation's checks and balances stood in the way of the 
Democrats' agenda to trample the Second Amendment.
  The majority will argue that these are commonsense proposals, but 
they fail to explain the details and the real effects of these 
provisions.
  And what are law-abiding gun owners concerned about? They are 
concerned about the attack on their constitutional rights provided in 
the Second Amendment.
  All of us recognize the recent tragedies, and our heart goes out to 
the parents, the families, and communities, but the root causes must be 
addressed. Simply attacking law-abiding gun owners will not solve the 
problem. Addressing the causes will.
  House Republicans stand ready to address the root causes of these 
senseless acts of violence, but not at the cost of America's 
constitutional rights.
  Madam Speaker, I oppose the rule, and I ask Members to do the same. I 
reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  The gentlewoman said Republicans stand ready to address school safety 
and other root causes of gun violence.
  I include in the Record a May 26, 2022, article from The Texas 
Tribune entitled: ``Texas already `hardened' schools. It didn't save 
Uvalde.''

                 [From The Texas Tribune, May 26, 2022]

       Texas Already ``Hardened'' Schools. It Didn't Save Uvalde.

                  (By Jolie McCullough and Kate McGee)

       Four years after an armed 17-year-old opened fire inside a 
     Texas high school, killing 10, Gov. Greg Abbott tried to tell 
     another shell-shocked community that lost 19 children and two 
     teachers to a teen gunman about his wins in what is now an 
     ongoing effort against mass shootings.
       ``We consider what we did in 2019 to be one of the most 
     profound legislative sessions not just in Texas but in any 
     state to address school shootings,'' Abbott said inside a 
     Uvalde auditorium Wednesday as he sat flanked by state and 
     local officials. ``But to be clear, we understand our work is 
     not done, our work must continue.''
       Throughout the 60-minute news conference, he and other 
     Republican leaders said a 2019 law allowed districts to 
     ``harden'' schools from external threats after a deadly 
     shooting inside an art classroom at Santa Fe High School near 
     Houston the year before. After the Uvalde gunman was 
     reportedly able to enter Robb Elementary School through a 
     back door this week, their calls to secure buildings 
     resurfaced yet again.
       But a deeper dive into the 2019 law revealed many of its 
     ``hardening'' elements have fallen short. Schools didn't 
     receive enough state money to make the types of physical 
     improvements lawmakers are touting publicly. Few school 
     employees signed up to bring guns to work. And many school 
     districts either don't have an active shooting plan or 
     produced insufficient ones.
       In January 2020, the Uvalde Consolidated Independent School 
     District received $69,000 from a one-time, $100 million state 
     grant to enhance physical security in Texas public schools, 
     according to a dataset detailing the Texas Education Agency 
     grants. The funds were comparable to what similarly sized 
     districts received.
       Even with more funds and better enforcement of policies, 
     experts have said there is no indication that beefing up 
     security in schools has prevented any violence. Plus, they 
     said, it can be detrimental to children, especially children 
     of color.
       ``This concept of hardening, the more it has been done, 
     it's not shown the results,'' said Jagdish Khubchandani, a 
     public health professor at New Mexico State University who 
     studies school security practices and their effectiveness.
       Khubchandani said the majority of public schools in the 
     United States already implement the security measures most 
     often promoted by public officials, including locked doors to 
     the outside and in classrooms, active shooter plans and 
     security cameras.
       After a review of 18 years of school security measures, 
     Khubchandani and James Price from the University of Toledo 
     did not find any evidence that such tactics or more armed 
     teachers reduced gun violence in schools.
       ``It's not just guns. It's not just security,'' 
     Khubchandani said. ``It's a combination of issues, and if you 
     have a piecemeal approach, then you'll never succeed. You 
     need a comprehensive approach.''


                   Insufficient Active Shooter Plans

       Since the shooting, GOP lawmakers have repeatedly suggested 
     limiting access to schools to one door.
       ``We've got to, in our smaller schools where we can, get 
     down to one entrance,'' Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick offered at the 
     press conference Wednesday. ``One entrance might be one of 
     those solutions. If he had taken three more minutes to find 
     that open door . . . the police were there pretty quickly.''
       There are still questions about the timing and details of 
     the tragedy, however, including whether the shooter busted a 
     lock to get into the school or if a door was unlocked. A 
     state police official reported Thursday that the door 
     appeared to be unlocked but that it was still under 
     investigation.
       Khubchandani and education advocates said locking doors and 
     routing everyone through one entrance is already standard 
     practice in most districts. And safety leaders said locking 
     exterior doors is a best practice, but it's one strategy that 
     needs to be strictly enforced.
       ``Sometimes convenience can take priority over safety and 
     you can have a plan in place, you can have policies in 
     place,'' said Kathy Martinez Prather, director of the Texas 
     School Safety Center at Texas State University. ``They're 
     only as effective as they're being implemented.''
       At Wednesday's press conference, Abbott emphasized that the 
     package of school safety laws passed in 2019 required school 
     districts to submit emergency operations plans to the Texas 
     School Safety Center and make sure they have adequate active 
     shooter strategies to employ in an emergency.
       State law dictates that districts must be able to show how 
     they will prepare for, respond to and recover from disasters 
     like active threats, but also extreme weather and 
     communicable disease. These plans must include training 
     mechanisms, communication plans and mandatory drills. Schools 
     must create safety committees and establish a way to assess 
     threats.
       But a three-year audit by the center in 2020 found that out 
     of the 1,022 school districts in the state, just 200 had 
     active shooter policies, even though most districts reported 
     having one. The audit revealed 626 districts did not have 
     active shooter policies in place and 196 districts had 
     insufficient policies.
       Just 67 school districts had viable emergency operations 
     plans overall, the report found.
       Martinez Prather wouldn't say if Uvalde's emergency plan 
     was considered adequate because of ongoing investigations 
     into the shooting. But said the center's review did not find 
     any areas of noncompliance.
       The audit reviewed school districts' emergency plans in 
     June 2020, and Martinez Prather said she was ``absolutely'' 
     surprised that so many schools did not have clear-cut plans, 
     especially after the Santa Fe shooting and others around the 
     country.
       ``Our attention to this issue should not be as close to the 
     nearest and latest school shooting,'' she said. ``We need to 
     keep sending that message that this can happen at any point 
     in time and to anybody.''
       She said the center has spent the last year and a half 
     following up with schools to get their plans up to standard.


                  Arming Teachers and Staff With Guns

       Texas leaders have already shunned the idea of restricting 
     gun access in the aftermath of the Uvalde shooting. In fact, 
     in recent years, Texas lawmakers have loosened gun laws after 
     mass shootings.
       Instead, lawmakers point to the nearly decade-old school 
     marshal program in Texas as another measure to deter and 
     prevent mass shootings. That program was created in response 
     to the deadly shooting at an elementary school in Newtown, 
     Connecticut, that left 26 people dead, including 20 first-
     graders.
       Designated school employees who take an 80-hour training 
     course and pass a psychological exam are allowed to keep a 
     firearm in a lockbox on school grounds, an idea most 
     attractive to rural schools in areas where law enforcement 
     response can take longer.
       After the school shooting in Santa Fe, state lawmakers 
     removed the cap that limited schools to one marshal per 200 
     students. Today, according to the Texas Commission on Law 
     Enforcement, which oversees the training for the program, 
     there are 256 marshals across the state.
       While lawmakers tout it as a potential tool to prevent mass 
     shootings, just 6% of school districts use it, according to a 
     report from the Texas School Safety Center. Martinez Prather 
     at the Texas School Safety Center said many school districts 
     say it's expensive

[[Page H5351]]

     and the training is time-consuming for educators.
       Meanwhile, 280 schools are utilizing an unregulated option 
     known as the Guardian Program, which allows local school 
     boards to approve individuals in schools to carry concealed 
     weapons. Each ``guardian'' must have a handgun license and 
     take 15 to 20 hours of specialized training by the Texas 
     Department of Public Safety.
       Nicole Golden, executive director of Texas Gun Sense, said 
     she's concerned by the ``minimal'' level of training school 
     staff go through before they are approved to have a weapon in 
     the classroom.
       ``These aren't law enforcement officers,'' she said. 
     ``These are school staff who have some training, and there's 
     really not a lot of data to support that that's the safe 
     direction to go in.''
       Plus, Golden said, placing more guns on school grounds can 
     be problematic when data shows students of color are 
     disproportionately disciplined.
       When lawmakers decided to expand the number of marshals in 
     Texas schools in 2019, Black students and parents said the 
     idea made them feel less safe in school, knowing they are 
     disciplined more than other students.
       The study from Khubchandani and Price pointed to a 2018 
     shooting at a high school in Kentucky where the shooter 
     killed two and injured 14 students in 10 seconds.
       ``Armed school personnel would have needed to be in the 
     exact same spot in the school as the shooter to significantly 
     reduce this level of trauma,'' the researchers wrote. ``Ten 
     seconds is too fast to stop a school shooter with a 
     semiautomatic firearm when the armed school guard is in 
     another place in the school.''


                       $10 per Student for Safety

       Big changes often take big money, and officials have noted 
     that the 2019 school safety bill gives about $100 million per 
     biennium to the Texas Education Agency. The agency then 
     distributes the money to school districts to use on 
     equipment, programs and training related to school safety and 
     security, a little less than $10 per student based on average 
     daily attendance. The money can be used broadly, ranging from 
     physical security enhancements to suicide prevention 
     programs.
       According to a self-reported survey of districts by the 
     Texas School Safety Center, more than two thirds of school 
     districts have used this money for security cameras. 20% used 
     it for active shooter response training. Nearly 40% of 
     districts installed physical barriers with the allotment.
       But Zeph Capo, president of the Texas chapter of the 
     American Federation of Teachers, said that money wasn't 
     enough to pay for the more expensive projects lawmakers were 
     suggesting.
       ``Districts ended up spending money on some programs, some 
     electronic AV equipment, but I don't think it was nearly 
     enough to do what needs to be done in most of the schools, 
     which is really change the structures of the buildings so 
     there's better control over entrance and egress,'' he said, 
     noting that AFT believes more gun restrictions is a better 
     solution.
       The TEA also received a separate one-time $100 million pool 
     of money to provide grants to districts specifically for 
     physical security enhancements, like metal detectors, door-
     locking systems or bullet-resistant glass.
       It's unclear how Uvalde CISD spent the $69,000 it received 
     from the state to enhance its physical security. School 
     officials did not respond to questions Wednesday. As of the 
     May 2 report, the district had spent about $48,000 of the 
     grant, which is set to end at the end of the month.
       Other remote town school districts received comparable 
     grants per their student population, according to an analysis 
     by The Texas Tribune. For example, the Sulphur Springs 
     Independent School District in East Texas has only a slightly 
     larger student population and received about $71,000 in grant 
     funds.
       According to a district document, Uvalde CISD, which 
     enrolls around 4,100 students, had a variety of so-called 
     hardening measures in place that lawmakers and school safety 
     leaders recommend.
       The district employed four district police officers, 
     installed perimeter fencing meant to limit access around 
     schools, including Robb, and instituted a policy that all 
     classroom doors remain locked during the day.
       There are campus teams that identify and address potential 
     threats, and schools hold emergency drills for students 
     ``regularly.'' The district employed a threat reporting 
     system for community members to raise concerns. Some schools 
     had security vestibules at their entrances and buzz-in 
     systems to get inside from the outdoors.
       But a security vestibule, which is basically a secure lobby 
     to the school, can be a huge expense for school districts 
     already tight on money. In 2019, the Waller Independent 
     School District estimated that the addition of two of these 
     entrances to the junior high school would cost $345,000. 
     Security cameras at a small elementary school can cost more 
     than $20,000, according to industry experts.
       In recent years--even before the Santa Fe shooting--school 
     districts have begun to rely on bond proposals to find the 
     money to implement some of these changes.
       But Texas voters have expressed hesitancy at the ballot box 
     to approve such bonds in recent years, which the Texas 
     Association of School Boards attributed to the lingering 
     pandemic and political polarization. Recent changes by the 
     Texas Legislature have also complicated bond requests for 
     schools after it started to require districts to write, 
     ``This is a property tax increase,'' on bond project signs, 
     even when the proposals wouldn't affect the tax rate.
       Overall, Monty Exter, a senior lobbyist with the 
     Association of Texas Professional Educators, said the per-
     student allotment and one-time grants set aside for school 
     security could never pay for the types of construction 
     projects lawmakers have touted publicly in the wake of the 
     shooting.
       ``Thinking about making significant changes to 8,000-plus 
     campuses, $100 million doesn't necessarily go that far,'' he 
     said.

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, we keep hearing that the epidemic of 
mass school shootings can be solved by hardening schools. Guess what? 
Robb Elementary had been hardened. We can harden schools all we want, 
we can turn them into fortresses, but unless we deal with the 
underlying issue, it is going to keep happening.
  The gentlewoman from Minnesota also said mental health is a root 
cause. I include in the Record a Bloomberg article published May 27, 
2022, entitled: ``Republicans Push Unfounded Mental Health Claim for 
Gun Violence.''

                     [From Bloomberg, May 27, 2022]

    Republicans Push Unfounded Mental Health Claim for Gun Violence

                            (By Emma Court)

       Republican politicians from Senator Ted Cruz to Texas 
     Governor Greg Abbott have been quick to blame mental illness 
     following a deadly school shooting in Uvalde, Texas, that 
     killed 19 children and two teachers.
       The problem with that thinking is that the evidence doesn't 
     support it--even if common sense suggests a mass shooting, 
     especially of children, is not the act of a person who is 
     mentally well.
       While reporting from Texas following the May 24 shooting 
     makes clear the Uvalde gunman, Salvador Ramos, was a deeply 
     troubled individual, state officials have said he had no 
     documented mental health issues. Research shows that only a 
     very small percentage of violent behavior is connected to 
     mental illness.
       ``If we magically cured all these serious mental illnesses 
     tomorrow, which would be wonderful--imagine the alleviation 
     of suffering--our violence problem would go down by about 
     4%,'' said Jeffrey Swanson, a professor in psychiatry and 
     behavioral sciences at Duke University.
       Firearm violence is a greater risk for young males, 
     individuals with a violent childhood and those who abuse 
     drugs and alcohol. While mental illness can contribute to gun 
     violence, the vast majority of those suffering from mental 
     illness will never engage in violent acts, Swanson said.
       Attributing school shootings to mental illness, meanwhile, 
     increases the stigma around such conditions, which include 
     depression, schizophrenia and psychosis, according to 
     experts.


                               Gun Deaths

       National Rifle Association leaders are expected to shift 
     the focus away from gun policies that put deadly weapons in 
     the hands of the public when their national convention kicks 
     off in Houston on Friday. The organization called the Uvalde 
     massacre ``the act of a lone, deranged criminal'' in a 
     statement.
       Around 45,000 people died from gun-related deaths in the US 
     in 2020, according to the Centers for Disease Control and 
     Prevention. More than half those deaths were suicides, and 
     many of the remainder were murders.
       Guns are also now the leading cause of death among children 
     and adolescents, surpassing car crashes, drug overdoses and 
     drownings, according to recent CDC data.
       Texas is fiercely pro-gun rights, and Abbott last year 
     signed legislation allowing Texans to carry handguns without 
     a license.
       Abbott, at a press conference in Uvalde, suggested that 
     access to guns isn't the issue.
       ``We haven't had episodes like this before,'' Abbott said. 
     ``One thing that has substantially changed is the status of 
     mental health in our communities.''
       In truth, shooters in the US have tried to kill in places 
     like schools, malls and bars for decades.
       Cruz, who is expected to be at the NRA event, has described 
     the shooting as the actions of a ``violent psychopath.'' He 
     also said none of the gun-law proposals made by Democrats 
     would have stopped it.
       Democrats have been quick to dispute those claims. ``Spare 
     me the bull,'' Democrat Chris Murphy of Connecticut said to 
     reporters after urging his colleagues to take action against 
     gun violence.
       Other countries have mental health problems too but rarely 
     have mass shootings, President Joe Biden said in a May 24 
     speech in which he pleaded for gun reform and called for 
     standing up to gun manufacturers.
       ``They have mental health problems. They have domestic 
     disputes in other countries. They have people who are lost,'' 
     Biden said. ``But these kinds of mass shootings never happen 
     with the kind of frequency they happen in America.''


                        Widespread Misconception

       Many people associate mental illness with violence, likely 
     because of how these conditions are portrayed in the media, 
     including in reporting about shootings like Uvalde.
       Mental illness can also be an easy scapegoat for making 
     sense of tragedies like

[[Page H5352]]

     Uvalde, which are devastating and hard to comprehend, said 
     Lynsay Ayer, a senior behavioral scientist at Rand Corp., a 
     nonprofit research organization.
       ``People want to explain it, to say `this person wasn't 
     thinking rationally, wasn't thinking like you and me, 
     something went wrong in their brain wiring,' '' she said. 
     Blaming mental illness is ``convenient, but it's overly 
     simplistic and runs the risk of hurting people who have 
     mental health problems.''
       People with mental health disorders are, in fact, more 
     likely to be the victims of violence than a perpetrator, Ayer 
     said.
       Using mental illness as an explanation for such events also 
     plays into outdated tropes, like the idea that ``something is 
     wrong with'' those individuals, said Hannah Wesolowski, chief 
     advocacy officer for the National Alliance on Mental Illness.
       ``I think people confuse having a mental health condition 
     with being troubled, and they are not one and the same,'' she 
     said. Mental illness is defined by specific medical 
     guidelines. It's also widespread, affecting one in five US 
     adults every year.
       Gun violence remains poorly understood. One reason: Since 
     1996, Congress has limited federal funding of research into 
     the subject. While that's now changing, gaps in understanding 
     remain. Studying mass shootings is also challenging because 
     such events are relatively rare, Ayer said.
       (Everytown for Gun Safety, which advocates for universal 
     background checks and gun-safety measures, is backed by 
     Michael Bloomberg, founder and majority owner of Bloomberg 
     News parent company Bloomberg LP.)

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, let me set the record straight.
  Yes, we have people with mental health issues in America. So do other 
countries. Only here in America do we have widespread, fatal gun 
violence to the extent that we do, so spare us the lectures.
  I should say, under GOP Governor Greg Abbott, Texas is last--last--in 
the Nation for mental health access.
  Just one final thing. We keep hearing about the inconveniences of 
these proposals: safe storage, background checks, waiting lists. I get 
it. There may be some inconvenience here, but stack that up against the 
carnage, stack that up against the mass shootings, the daily killings 
in this country. I mean, for once, can we put that first over the 
inconvenience of going through a background check? This is a moment I 
hoped that we could actually do something, but instead we are 
complaining about inconveniences. Give me a break.
  Madam Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. 
Bowman).
  Mr. BOWMAN. Madam Speaker, I rise today in support of my resolution, 
H. Res. 1152, to condemn the great replacement myth, which is a 
delusional white supremacist conspiracy theory.
  I am honored to be joined by my co-leads: CBC Chairwoman Beatty, CHC 
Chairman Ruiz, CAPAC Chairwoman Chu, LGBTQ-plus Equality Caucus 
Chairman Cicilline, CPC Chairwoman Jayapal, Congressman Takano, 
Congressman Raskin, and the Representative from Buffalo, New York, 
Congressman Higgins. We are joined by more than 140 of our Democratic 
colleagues as original cosponsors.
  On May 14, a self-described white supremacist and anti-Semite drove 
more than 200 miles to Buffalo, New York, where he killed 10 people and 
injured 3 others, 11 of which were Black.
  In a 180-page manifesto that he posted publicly online, he cites the 
great replacement myth as his motivation and cause to target Black 
people. The great replacement myth is a racist, anti-Semitic, 
Islamophobic, xenophobic, nativist, and hateful lie.
  It is 2022, and Black people are still being hunted down and killed 
in America. The same goes for every person of color, Jewish people, the 
LGBTQ-plus community, and every marginalized person in this country. We 
remember the lives of Aaron Salter, Ruth Whitfield, Pearl Young, 
Katherine ``Kat'' Massey, Heyward Patterson, Celestine Chaney, Roberta 
Drury, Margus D. Morrison, Andre Mackneil, and Geraldine Talley, all 
who should still be here with us today.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield the gentleman an additional 30 
seconds.
  Mr. BOWMAN. Madam Speaker, our Nation has been mourning since this 
country was founded. We cannot continue to carry on as if this hatred 
is an undeniable part of American culture and cannot change. We must 
combat white supremacy. I refuse to be complicit in this hatred because 
we have failed to take a stand as a Nation.
  I urge my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to stand together and 
condemn this myth as the white supremacist conspiracy theory that it is 
and vote ``yes'' on the rule.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Madam Speaker, I just want to make a couple of comments. The 
gentleman from Massachusetts, with all due respect, mentioned other 
countries. I will just point out that other countries don't have the 
freedoms and don't live the way we do in our great democracy or 
Republic, whichever, and they don't have the constitutional rights that 
we have under the Second Amendment.
  Our citizens ask to have that Constitution respected, and I don't 
believe I used the word ``inconvenient'' at all. What I used are the 
words, ``trampling our constitutional rights,'' and that is what I 
think is important here, that we do not talk about the gentleman from 
Massachusetts mentioning these inconvenient things. I am talking about 
our citizens' constitutional rights under the Second Amendment.
  Madam Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentlewoman from North 
Carolina (Ms. Foxx).
  Ms. FOXX. Madam Speaker, I rise today in opposition to H.R. 2377, the 
Extreme Risk Protection Order Act. Simply put, this bill tramples upon 
the Second Amendment by means of destroying the Fifth.
  However, I would like to direct my argument against the bill towards 
another amendment, the Tenth, which reserves powers to the States. 
Nineteen States have already enacted red flag laws in some form or 
another, and all 31 additional States have the authority to do so.
  The Federal Government must ask itself whether this bill will add any 
measure of additional security the States are not already able to make 
for themselves. The Federal Government must also look to these States 
to gauge whether red flag laws have any effect on gun violence at all.

  It is certainly not the case in Chicago, Illinois, a city subject to 
State red flag laws, which leads all American cities in the number of 
persons killed and injured in mass shootings over the past 4 years. Red 
flag laws have saved no lives in Chicago.
  This bill is redundant, not to mention likely ineffective. Americans 
deserve better than this.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Madam Speaker, the gentlewoman from Minnesota made a reference to the 
United States in comparison to other countries. I am holding this chart 
up here. You may not be able to see, but this is the number of gun 
deaths. The U.K. is way down here, France, Germany, Denmark, 
Switzerland, all free countries. You may not be able to see because it 
is so small, compared to the United States. You sure as hell can see 
the number of gun deaths here in the United States. It is unacceptable. 
It is unacceptable. And it is about time that Democrats and Republicans 
all agree that it is unacceptable, and that is what this debate is 
about.
  If we want to talk about other countries around the world that are 
free, lots of countries that enjoy freedom do not have the number of 
gun deaths and massacres. Their parliaments and their Congresses are 
not meeting to grieve over the execution and the mass killing of little 
children in schools like we do on a regular basis.

                              {time}  1245

  The only question for people here is whether we are going to do 
anything or whether this is going to be business as usual: Take the 
money from the gun lobby and do nothing.
  Madam Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from North 
Carolina (Ms. Ross), a distinguished member of the Committee on Rules.
  Ms. ROSS. Madam Speaker, I thank the chairman for yielding.
  Madam Speaker, I rise today because there is no greater moral 
imperative for us as Representatives than protecting the safety of our 
children and our residents.
  In recent weeks, our Nation has been yet again shaken to its core by 
the

[[Page H5353]]

senseless attack on our most vulnerable. Heartbreakingly, mass 
shootings have become a steady drumbeat in American life, striking 
community after community, and instilling fear in the American people 
as we drop our kids off at school, go to the grocery store, or enter a 
house of worship.
  Madam Speaker, after each of these terrifying events, after the 
vigils have been held and the new cycle has moved on, there is one 
thing that never fades. Every person who has had a friend, neighbor, 
spouse, or child taken by violence, carries with them the heartbreaking 
pain of that incomprehensible loss.
  So what will it take for Republican leaders to join us in taking 
action? So many Republicans agree with us. How many kids need to die? 
How many families need to suffer before they finally say enough is 
enough?
  I have spent much of my public life in public service, and I believe 
in American democracy. And I still believe in the ability of men and 
women in this Chamber to set their differences aside, to make 
transformative change for the public good.
  Madam Speaker, my plea to my colleagues across the aisle is to stand 
up for what is right. Let's start the hard work of building a safer 
America. I come from a southern State with plenty of law-abiding gun 
owners, but people from across North Carolina have been reaching out to 
me and my office, including several Republicans and gun owners.
  Madam Speaker, I support the rule and commend it to this body.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Madam Speaker, if we defeat the previous question, I will offer an 
amendment to the rule to immediately consider the Prosecutors Need to 
Prosecute Act, legislation authored by Representatives Malliotakis and 
Tiffany that ensures accountability for those charged with keeping our 
streets, our schools, and our communities safe.
  Madam Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to insert the text of my 
amendment along with extraneous materials immediately prior to the vote 
on the previous question.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentlewoman from Minnesota?
  There was no objection.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, while my colleagues in the majority 
believe that the best approach to addressing violence is to strip away 
American's constitutional rights, Republicans stand with parents and 
communities in ensuring those who commit crimes are prosecuted to the 
fullest extent of the law. And those who don't, will be held 
accountable. Just last night, families in San Francisco ousted their 
district attorney for failing to keep their streets free from 
criminals.
  Americans are fed up with liberal prosecutors letting criminals run 
rampant for the sake of woke idealism. This legislation will ensure the 
Department of Justice and the American public have the data and 
information necessary to hold those responsible for keeping our streets 
safe accountable.
  Madam Speaker, I yield 4 minutes to the gentlewoman from New York 
(Ms. Malliotakis) to further explain this amendment.
  Ms. MALLIOTAKIS. Madam Speaker, I rise today to oppose the previous 
question so that we can immediately consider my bill, H.R. 7967, the 
Prosecutors Need to Prosecute Act.
  My legislation will hold prosecutors accountable and create 
transparency by letting the public know how many cases prosecutors are 
declining to prosecute, the number of offenses committed by career 
criminals, and the number of criminals released.
  Over the past 2 years, we have seen a disturbing trend in progressive 
district attorneys in cities across the country who are refusing to 
prosecute violent criminal offenders.
  Look no further than my city of New York, where Manhattan DA Alvin 
Bragg released a ``Day One'' memo initially directing his staff not to 
prosecute certain crimes, including: drug possession, trespassing, 
driving with a suspended license, sex trading, resisting arrest, and 
public obscenity.
  He even directed his staff to downgrade felony charges filed by our 
police, including armed robbery, weapons charges, and drug dealing. 
Worst of all, his office will no longer seek life sentences without 
parole, which means the most heinous murderers, including terrorists, 
serial killers, cop killers, and perps who kill young children in 
connection with sex crimes will be released back on to our streets in 
20 years or less.
  These policies have sent a clear message to criminals, and that 
message is: Go ahead, commit crime, break the law, because we will not 
enforce it. What is the point of creating laws if the ones currently on 
the books are not enforced?
  With prosecutors that refuse to prosecute, it is no surprise that 
crime is surging in cities across America. In Boston and Los Angeles, 
if you want a designer purse, toiletries, or food, you can break into 
any store and take it. No questions asked.
  This week, LA's District Attorney George Gascon doubled down on the 
light sentence given to a teen driver who mowed down a mother and her 
newborn baby last summer. The teen only received juvenile probation, 
which authorities say is less than military school and a little bit 
tougher than summer camp.
  In 2020, defund the police rioters and looters created chaos in my 
city of New York, destroying storefronts; they assaulted police 
officers, and they even put police cars on fire. While police made 
hundreds of arrests, New York City district attorneys dismissed the 
majority of those charges filed.
  In the Bronx, more than 60 percent of arrestees had their charges 
dropped, and of the 485 rioters arrested in Manhattan, 222 individuals 
had their charges dropped entirely, while 73 received lesser counts.
  The same goes for Federal prosecutors in Portland, Oregon, who 
dismissed roughly half the cases charged in connection with violence 
and anti-police protests.
  In Philadelphia, 23-year-old Police Corporal James O'Connor was 
gunned down and killed in 2020 by a career felon and wanted gangbanger 
because the DA's office allowed him to freely roam the streets. Perhaps 
if the DA's office had done its job, Corporal O'Connor would be alive 
today. We had a similar story in my city of New York as well.
  In Nancy Pelosi's San Francisco, on New Year's Eve 2020, a man 
slammed a stolen car into two women crossing the street, killing them 
both. The man, who had a lengthy criminal rap sheet, was out on parole, 
thanks to San Francisco's soft-on-crime DA Chesa Boudin, the son of a 
domestic terrorist cop-killer associated with the far-left militant 
group, Weather Underground.
  Well, you know what? Voters have had enough of the violence and crime 
plaguing our communities and endangering their families. In fact, just 
last night, when San Francisco voters recalled Boudin, they sent a 
clear message that prosecutors who fail to do their job will be removed 
from office.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentlewoman has expired.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I yield an additional 30 seconds to 
the gentlewoman.
  Ms. MALLIOTAKIS. Madam Speaker, our Nation is under attack by 
criminals with no regard for property and life, and rogue district 
attorneys who allow them to wreak havoc on our streets.
  Madam Speaker, I close with the words of the late Democrat Senator 
Robert Kennedy: ``Every society gets the kind of criminal it deserves. 
What is equally true is that every community gets the kind of law 
enforcement it insists on.''
  Let's stop siding with the criminals preying on our cities. Let's 
stop emboldening the district attorneys to lay idly by as crime plagues 
our streets.
  Madam Speaker, I urge my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to 
support my legislation today. It is time to support our citizens, not 
criminals.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Madam Speaker, I began this debate by appealing to my colleagues to 
try to find common ground and come together and do something about this 
gun violence epidemic. And yet, we hear the same old tired red State 
versus blue State talking points directly from the gun lobby.
  Madam Speaker, since it was brought up, I include in the Record an 
April 4,

[[Page H5354]]

2022, Yahoo News article entitled, ``Republican-controlled States have 
higher murder rates than Democratic ones,'' according to the study.

                   [From Yahoo! News, April 4, 2022]

 Republican-Controlled States Have Higher Murder Rates Than Democratic 
                              Ones: Study

                             (By Ben Adler)

       Republican politicians routinely claim that cities run by 
     Democrats have been experiencing crime waves caused by failed 
     governance, but a new study shows murder rates are actually 
     higher in states and cities controlled by Republicans.
       ``We're seeing murders in our cities, all Democrat-run,'' 
     former President Donald Trump asserted at a March 26 rally in 
     Georgia. ``People are afraid to go out.''
       In February, Sen. Tom Cotton, R-Ark., blamed Democrats for 
     a 2018 law that reduced some federal prison sentences--even 
     though it was signed by Trump after passing a GOP-controlled 
     Congress. ``It's your party who voted in lockstep for the 
     First Step Act that let thousands of violent felons on the 
     street who have now committed innumerable violent crimes,'' 
     Cotton said during a speech in the Senate.
       Last December, Rep. Dan Crenshaw, R-Texas, told Fox News 
     viewers, ``America's most beautiful cities are indeed being 
     ruined by liberal policies: There's a direct line between 
     death and decay and liberal policies.''
       But a comparison of violent crime rates in jurisdictions 
     controlled by Democrats and Republicans tells a very 
     different story. In fact, a new study from the center-left 
     think tank Third Way shows that states won by Trump in the 
     2020 election have higher murder rates than those carried by 
     Joe Biden. The highest murder rates, the study found, are 
     often in conservative, rural states.
       The study found that murder rates in the 25 states Trump 
     carried in 2020 are 40 percent higher overall than in the 
     states Biden won. (The report used 2020 data because 2021 
     data is not yet fully available.) The five states with the 
     highest per capita murder rate--Mississippi, Louisiana, 
     Kentucky, Alabama and Missouri--all lean Republican and voted 
     for Trump.
       There are some examples of states Biden won in 2020 that 
     also have high per capita murder rates, including New Mexico 
     and Georgia, which have the seventh- and eighth-highest 
     murder rates, respectively. And there are Trump-supporting 
     states with low murder rates, such as Idaho and Utah. Broadly 
     speaking, the South, and to a lesser extent the Midwest, has 
     more murders per capita than the Northeast, interior West and 
     West Coast, the study found.
       Those findings are consistent with a pattern that has 
     existed for decades, in which the South has had higher rates 
     of violent crime than the nation as a whole.
       ``We as criminologists have known this for quite some 
     time,'' Jennifer Ortiz, a professor of criminology at Indiana 
     University Southeast, told Yahoo News. ``States like 
     Mississippi, Louisiana and Alabama have historically had high 
     crime rates.''
       Criminologists say research shows higher rates of violent 
     crime are found in areas that have low average education 
     levels, high rates of poverty and relatively modest access to 
     government assistance. Those conditions characterize some 
     portions of the American South.
       ``They are among the poorest states in our union,'' Ortiz 
     said of the Deep South. ``They have among the highest rates 
     of child poverty. They are among the least-educated states. 
     They are among the states with the highest levels of 
     substance abuse. All of those factors contribute to people 
     engaging in criminal behavior.''
       ``I thought that was a very good study,'' Richard 
     Rosenfeld, a professor of criminology at the University of 
     Missouri-St. Louis and former president of the American 
     Society of Criminology, told Yahoo News about the Third Way 
     report. ``In Republican states, states with Republican 
     governors, crime rates tend to be higher. I'm not certain 
     that's related to the fact that the governor is a Republican, 
     but it's a fact nonetheless.''
       (While the Third Way study divided states by presidential 
     vote in 2020, using gubernatorial party affiliation leads to 
     similar results because most states have recently chosen the 
     same party for governor and for president. Based on 
     presidential vote, eight of the 10 states with the highest 
     murder rates lean Republican, versus seven of the top 10 if 
     one uses the governor's party.)
       Although murder rates tend to be highest in the South, the 
     biggest increases in 2020 were found in the Great Plains and 
     Midwest, according to Third Way. The largest jumps were in 
     Wyoming (91.7 percent higher than in 2019), South Dakota (69 
     percent), Wisconsin (63.2 percent), Nebraska (59.1 percent) 
     and Minnesota (58.1 percent). Wyoming, South Dakota and 
     Nebraska all voted for Trump and have Republican governors. 
     Wisconsin and Minnesota voted for Biden and are led by 
     Democrats.
       Few large cities are governed by Republicans--only 26 of 
     the 100 largest U.S. cities have Republican mayors--making 
     apples-to-apples comparisons difficult. But cities that do 
     have Republican mayors do not have lower murder rates than 
     similarly sized Democratic-led cities, the study found.
       Some experts warn against the impulse to use crime data to 
     score quick political points.
       ``Being a Republican or Democratic state or city is 
     correlated with many other issues,'' David Weisburd, a 
     professor of criminology and executive director of the Center 
     for Evidence-Based Crime Policy at George Mason University, 
     wrote in an email to Yahoo News. ``That means that the murder 
     rate may be due to the state being Republican, or it may be 
     due to the fact that Republican states have many other risk 
     factors related to crime or murder rates. Even with a very 
     comprehensive modeling of all of these factors, it is very 
     difficult to get a valid causal result for explaining crime 
     rates.''
       That argument cuts both ways, however. Weisburd also thinks 
     the claims of Trump and other Republicans who say Democrats 
     have caused a crime wave in the cities and states they govern 
     are unfounded. ``I don't think this argument can be supported 
     no matter which way you go,'' Weisburd said.
       Murder rates in the U.S. rose dramatically in 2020 from 
     record lows, and the increases are similar across states--
     regardless of partisan preference. For homicides in 2020, 
     Third Way found a 32.2 percent uptick in Trump-backing states 
     versus a 30.8 percent rise in those that voted for Biden. 
     Some states with large cities, such as New York and 
     Pennsylvania, saw larger-than-average increases: New York 
     went up 47 percent and Pennsylvania is up 39 percent. But the 
     largest increases were in rural, Republican-led states, 
     including Montana (+84 percent and South Dakota (+81 
     percent).
       The higher national murder rate is naturally causing public 
     concern, although violent crime does remain far below its 
     early 1990s high point. ``Using the FBI data, the violent 
     crime rate fell 49 percent between 1993 and 2019,'' from 757 
     incidents per 100,000 people to 379 per 100,000, the Pew 
     Research Center noted last November. Between 2019 and 2020, 
     the murder rate jumped from 6 homicides per 100,000 people to 
     7.8 homicides per 100,000, but that was still 22 percent 
     below the rate in 1991 of 10 homicides per 100,000.

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, Republicans would rather point fingers 
than look in the mirror, but a recent study found that the highest 
murder rates are often in conservative, rural States. The five States 
with the highest per capita murder rate: Mississippi, Louisiana, 
Kentucky, Alabama, Missouri--all lean Republican.
  Madam Speaker, I include in the Record the summary of a December 16, 
2021, report from Everytown Research & Policy, entitled, ``City 
Dashboard: Murder and Gun Homicide Report.''

                [From Everytown Research, Dec. 16, 2021]

        Summary: City Dashboard: Murder and Gun Homicide Report

                    (By Everytown Research & Policy)

       In the midst of one public health epidemic, COVID-19, 2021 
     and 2020 were also two of the deadliest years on record for 
     another public health crisis--gun violence. The United States 
     saw a 33 percent increase from 2019 to 2020 in the rate of 
     gun homicides. This upward trend continued--but slowed--
     through the end of 2021 during which time there was an 
     additional 7 percent increase in gun homicides relative to 
     2020.
       Due to limited funding and inconsistent data collection, 
     data on city gun violence is too often old, incomplete, and 
     conflicting from one federal agency to another. Below is the 
     most recent, available, reliable data on murders (firearm and 
     non-firearm) from 2016 to the first three quarters of 2021 
     and on gun homicides from 2016 to 2020 in nearly 500 cities.

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I will debunk some myths. Chicago, New 
York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco do not have the highest gun 
violence rates in the country.
  You don't measure gun violence rates by the raw number. These are big 
cities. Of course, they are going to have more gun deaths than other 
places. You measure these rates by measuring per 100,000 people. When 
you do that, these cities aren't even in the top 20.
  Jackson, Mississippi; Gary, Indiana; St. Louis, Missouri; New 
Orleans; Memphis--the list goes on and on. Find a new talking point.
  Madam Speaker, I include in the Record a February 28, 2018, piece 
from ABC News entitled, ``Trump calls for raising minimum age to buy 
all guns to 21.''

                     [From ABC News, Feb. 28, 2018]

       Trump Calls for Raising Minimum Age To Buy All Guns to 21

                           (By Jordyn Phelps)

       President Trump again called for raising the minimum legal 
     age to purchase all guns to age 21 during a meeting with 
     lawmakers on guns and school safety Wednesday, while 
     suggesting that those who are staying silent on the topic are 
     ``afraid'' to come up against the NRA,
       ``I'm going to give it a lot of consideration,'' Trump 
     said. ``People aren't bringing it up because they're afraid 
     to bring it up. You can't buy a handgun at 18, 19 or 20. You 
     have to wait until you're 21. You could buy the weapon used 
     in this horrible shooting at 18. You are going to decide--the 
     people in

[[Page H5355]]

     this room pretty much--are going to decide. I would give very 
     serious thought to it.''
       While noting the NRA's opposition to proposals to raise the 
     minimum age to purchase firearms, the president made the case 
     that raising the minimum age is common sense.
       ``The NRA is opposed to it and I'm a fan of the NRA. No 
     bigger fan. I'm a big fan of the NRA. These are great people. 
     Great patriots. They love our country but that doesn't mean 
     we have to agree on everything,'' Trump said. ``It doesn't 
     make sense that I have to wait till I'm 21 to get a handgun 
     but I can get this.''
       The president also signaled his support for the Manchin-
     Toomey proposal that was defeated back in 2013, and is in the 
     process of being reworked, that calls for expanding 
     background checks on guns sales to include firearms sold at 
     gun shows and on the internet.
       The president suggested that the measure failed back in 
     2013 because President Barack Obama was in office at the 
     time, saying ``that was your problem,'' in reference to 
     Obama. But in fact, Obama backed the bill at the time.
       He asked Sen. Pat Toomey, a Pennsylvania Republican, if the 
     bill he's sponsoring with Senator Joe Manchin, a West 
     Virginia Democrat, would proposing raising the purchasing age 
     for certain guns.
       ``We don't address it,'' Toomey told the president.
       ``You know why, because you're afraid of the NRA,'' the 
     president said in reply.
       Wednesday evening, the NRA responded to Trump's proposals.
       In a statement, spokesperson Jennifer Baker said: ``While 
     today's meeting made for great tv, the gun-control proposals 
     discussed would make for bad policy that would not keep our 
     children safe. Instead of punishing law-abiding gun owners 
     for the acts of a deranged lunatic our leaders should pass 
     meaningful reforms that would actually prevent future 
     tragedies.''
       ``They can start by fixing the broken mental health 
     system,'' her statement continued, ``strengthening background 
     checks to ensure the records of people who are prohibited 
     from possessing firearms are in the NICS system, securing our 
     schools and preventing the dangerously mentally ill from 
     accessing firearms.''
       At the White House meeting, the president repeatedly 
     expressed his support for legislation to improve the nation's 
     background check system but said such a measure should not 
     also include a provision to expand concealed carry law to 
     allow people with concealed carry licenses to carry their 
     firearms across state line.
       ``I'm with you but let it be a separate bill,'' Trump told 
     Louisiana Republican Rep. Steve Scalise, who was gunned down 
     during a congressional baseball practice last year. ``You'll 
     never get this passed if you add concealed carry to this, 
     you'll never get it passed. I don't think--again, you'll 
     never get it passed. We want to get something done.''
       The president also vowed to ban bump stocks through 
     executive action, telling the lawmakers that the rapid-fire 
     devices are ``gone.''
       ``I'm going to write that out. We can do that by executive 
     order,'' the president said, noting that ``the lawyers'' are 
     working on the language.
       Last week, Trump said he ordered the Justice Department to 
     move to ban the rapid-fire devices that were used in the Las 
     Vegas massacre last year. Bump stocks were not used in the 
     Parkland shooting.

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, the very person that everybody on the 
other side of the aisle is so afraid to take on, so frightened of, says 
that we should raise the age to 21.
  Madam Speaker, former President Donald Trump said it himself: ``You 
can't buy a handgun at 18, 19, or 20. You have to wait until you're 21. 
You could buy the weapon,'' meaning an AR-15, ``used in this horrible 
shooting at 18 . . . It doesn't make sense.''
  I mean, come on. Trump said this in 2018, and these guys here are 
telling us that somehow this is a violation of the Constitution? Give 
me a break.
  We are here to try to save the lives of America's kids. And there 
should be more outrage on the other side of the aisle, not the usual 
talking points that we hear over and over and over again from the gun 
lobby. If this isn't important, then nothing is.
  Madam Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. 
Morelle), a distinguished member of the Committee on Rules.
  Mr. MORELLE. Madam Speaker, I thank Mr. McGovern, my colleague and 
friend, the distinguished chair of the Committee on Rules, for 
yielding.
  Madam Speaker, I rise today in support of the rule and the underlying 
legislation, the Protecting Our Kids Act and the Federal Extreme Risk 
Protection Order Act.
  It is hard to find words to describe the despair we feel in the wake 
of the recent series of senseless mass shootings in Buffalo, Uvalde, 
Tulsa, and too many neighborhoods across our country. For the sake of 
the victims, their families, and all Americans, we cannot rest until we 
put an end to this vicious cycle.
  Madam Speaker, there have been more than 200 mass shootings already 
in 2022. That is more shootings than there have been days of the year. 
And according to a recent analysis published in the New England Journal 
of Medicine, firearm deaths have now replaced motor vehicle accidents 
as the leading cause of death for children in this country. I know the 
insurmountable pain of losing a child all too well, but losing a child 
to something entirely avoidable, that is a uniquely devastating kind of 
tragedy.
  Madam Speaker, June is gun violence awareness month, but we are 
already painfully, brutally aware. What we need now is action. That is 
why this week we are passing legislation to strengthen red flag laws, 
raise the age for semiautomatic gun purchases, ban bump stocks and 
high-capacity magazines, and promote safe storage of firearms.
  This builds on action we have already taken to enact universal 
background checks and marks a critical step forward in keeping 
dangerous weapons out of the wrong hands.
  In the midst of so much pain and suffering, it is astonishing that 
there are those who still refuse to act. If my colleagues on the other 
side of the aisle are not willing to be part of the solution, then 
please, please, please, stand aside so you are not part of the problem.
  Madam Speaker, it doesn't stop here. I will continue pushing to ban 
assault weapons, combat gun trafficking so we can put a stop to this 
devastating and maddening cycle of violence. Because the absolute worst 
thing we can do is nothing at all.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I yield 3 to the gentleman from 
Wisconsin (Mr. Tiffany).

                              {time}  1300

  Mr. TIFFANY. Madam Speaker, I rise to oppose the previous question so 
that the House can consider the Prosecutors Need to Prosecute Act.
  Madam Speaker, it is no secret that crime is out of control in this 
country. Annual homicide records have been broken in at least a dozen 
major cities. Brazen smash-and-grab robberies in broad daylight are a 
daily occurrence. Killing, severe beatings, armed robberies, 
carjackings, sexual assaults, arson, and looting have become a common 
feature on the evening news.
  Yet, rogue prosecutors in cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, 
Philadelphia, New York City, and Milwaukee continue to release 
predators from custody almost as fast as the police can arrest them.
  The use of no-cash bail policies, plea bargains, and a complete 
refusal to put dangerous repeat offenders behind bars has demoralized 
our police and endangered our communities, and America's most iconic 
cities resemble a Third World country.
  I will give you an example in my home State. In Milwaukee County, we 
witnessed back at Christmas a massacre at the Waukesha County Christmas 
Parade, 6 people dead, 60 injured. How? With a guy that had a rap sheet 
that had felonies, misdemeanors, statutory rape, resisting arrest, and 
strangulation, and he was out on $1,000 bail.
  Here is the worst part, though: That district attorney, John Chisholm 
in Milwaukee County, here is what he said years ago about his 
philosophy. ``Is there going to be an individual I divert, or I put 
into treatment program, who is going to go out and kill somebody? You 
bet. Guaranteed. It is guaranteed to happen. It does not invalidate the 
overall approach.''
  That is what we have for district attorneys around the United States.
  Americans are sick and tired of the lawlessness, and they are 
demanding accountability.
  Madam Speaker, each year, jurisdictions across the United States 
benefit from the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant 
program, which provides funding to States, Tribes, and local 
governments to support a range of justice-related programs.
  If we defeat the previous question, I will offer an amendment to the 
rule, calling for immediate consideration of the Prosecutors Need to 
Prosecute Act. It would, among other things, mandate that district 
attorneys report to Congress on how often they follow through, holding 
criminals charged with violent

[[Page H5356]]

crimes, like murder, rape, arson, crimes involving illegal guns, and 
motor vehicle theft accountable.
  They would also be required to disclose how often they prosecute the 
initial charges, how often they secure convictions, whether or not 
those charged were already on probation or parole, and how many 
offenders were released without bail.
  Madam Speaker, the American people need to know if the people they 
have entrusted to keep their neighborhoods safe are actually using 
their tax dollars to finance this crime wave.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I yield an additional 10 seconds to 
the gentleman.
  Mr. TIFFANY. It is time to end the policy of underwriting progressive 
policies that endanger the lives and livelihoods of decent, hardworking 
Americans, and that starts with transparency.
  I urge my colleagues to stand with us for safer communities and 
oppose the previous question.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from 
California (Mr. Takano).
  Mr. TAKANO. Madam Speaker, I rise in support of the rule, which would 
deem and pass a resolution condemning great replacement theory and 
white supremacy.
  The recent mass shooting in Buffalo, New York, that claimed the lives 
of 10 Americans was committed by a self-described white supremacist who 
referenced great replacement theory in a manifesto.
  The perpetuation of xenophobia, racism, and anti-Semitism by 
rightwing extremists who believe in a grand conspiracy theory that 
minorities, somehow facilitated by Jews, are actively seeking to 
diminish the political and cultural power of White voters must be 
condemned.
  Notably absent is the condemnation of our leaders on the right, who 
refuse to speak out against this senseless violence and call it what it 
is: hate speech meant to divide us and not unite us.
  This departure from logic and reason, and cozying up to fear, is 
leading people to violence and extremism in communities all across this 
country, and it must be stopped.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman 
from Texas (Mr. Burgess).
  Mr. BURGESS. Madam Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman for yielding.
  We learned in the Rules Committee yesterday--in fact, the gentlewoman 
from Minnesota pointed out--how Republicans had little opportunity to 
provide any input into these bills that are going to be provided for in 
this rule. Unfortunately, the Speaker has no interest in involving half 
of the Representatives in this country in addressing an issue we all 
care about: Keeping Americans safe.
  Yesterday, in the Rules Committee, it was stated that Republicans 
vote against all mental health bills. I don't know where that concept 
comes from. Republicans passed into law the 21st Century Cures Act, 
which represents the most significant reform to the mental health 
system in several decades.
  Republicans have also taken steps to reform the National Instant 
Criminal Background Check System with the so-called Fix NICS Act of 
2017, which improved reporting to the database.
  Unfortunately, we also know the Department of Justice inspector 
general reported that only 1 percent of individuals who try to purchase 
a firearm illegally, and it is known they are trying to purchase a 
firearm illegally, are prosecuted.
  So, I have introduced a bill, H.R. 194, to require the Department of 
Justice to recommence this reporting to Congress so that Congress can 
have a better idea of how many guns exist illegally in commerce and, 
ultimately, to ensure that the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and 
Explosives recovers these illegal firearms.
  Republicans would have also engaged on the issue of the age of 
purchase, but honestly, as brought up by Representative Massie 
yesterday during the Rules Committee hearing, let's examine all the 
data points to determine whether the age for law enforcement officers, 
military service, and the Selective Service should also be considered. 
But that was not on the table.
  Then, as if to underscore just how partisan and one-sided this rule 
is today, there is a provision in the rule that deems a $1.6 trillion 
budget resolution for fiscal year 2023. Madam Speaker, I am a member of 
the Budget Committee, and during the Rules Committee hearing yesterday 
was the first time I heard about this budget resolution. It is a 9 
percent increase over fiscal year 2022 and $21 billion over President 
Biden's fiscal year 2023 budget proposal.
  We have a problem with inflation in this country. We have a problem 
with inflation because the Federal Government and congressional 
Democrats and the Biden administration are overspending what the 
economy can tolerate. Yet, here we are, adding a 9 percent increase on 
a resolution that is deemed passed when the rule is voted on. We don't 
even get to debate the pros and cons in the committee. It is just 
deemed passed when the rule is passed. I have to ask: When will this 
partisan policymaking end?
  Half the country represented by Republicans deserve--and we have a 
mandate from our constituents--to be part of the legislative process.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Let me remind everybody that 21 people were killed in Uvalde, 19 
children. Ten people were killed in Buffalo. I say that because I think 
my colleagues need to be reminded about why we are here today, not to 
talk about the budget, but to talk about saving lives.
  I also remind them that the shooter in Buffalo and the shooter in 
Uvalde went in and legally purchased an AR-15 at 18 years old.
  Our bill that we are talking about here today would have prevented 
that. Whatever they are doing for the previous question--I don't know 
what it is--would not.
  I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from Pennsylvania (Ms. Scanlon), 
a member of the Rules Committee.
  Ms. SCANLON. Madam Speaker, since the Judiciary Committee marked up 
the Protecting Our Kids Act last Thursday, dozens more Americans have 
been killed or wounded in shootings, including in Philadelphia.
  Saturday night was a beautiful summer evening in the South Street 
entertainment district when a fistfight broke out. It ended with 3 
deaths and 11 injured after multiple people pulled guns and fired into 
the bustling crowd. Most of those gun owners were licensed to carry. 
One had a ghost gun, which, of course, is the subject of our 
legislation today.
  The point is that the current approach to gun violence in this 
country, which has encouraged a flood of guns to our streets, is not 
working. We need to do more, and we need to do it now.
  This isn't about being progun or antigun. Gun violence is not a 
partisan issue. It is a sickness infecting this entire country.
  Whether Philadelphia, Uvalde, Tulsa, Buffalo, or anywhere else in 
between, none of us should sit idly by and watch preventable gun deaths 
happen every single day, and I know that I, for one, cannot.
  We are not helpless. We can change this. The needle on this issue has 
moved, and it is not going back. The only question is whether 
Republican Members of Congress and the Senate will listen to their 
constituents or the NRA.
  Our fellow Americans are demanding action. There is nothing 
unconstitutional about the bills we consider today, and they will help 
stop the routine slaughter of children, neighbors, teachers, doctors, 
and seniors in our schools, neighborhoods, churches, temples, mosques, 
and supermarkets.
  I refuse to tell our children that they must be sacrificial lambs to 
a radical, twisted theory of armed Second Amendment liberty that is 
decoupled from personal responsibility and refuses to recognize the 
overriding purposes of the Constitution, to ensure domestic tranquility 
and promote the general welfare, and that also refuses to recognize 
that there are constitutional limits to the Second Amendment. Our 
Constitution is not a suicide pact.
  Our children know as well as we do that we can do something. We have 
the power to pass this bill, and we must.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.

[[Page H5357]]

  My colleague from Massachusetts continues to use his talking points 
and mentions the gun lobby, and I want to point out that I hear from 
many of my constituents who are law-abiding gun owners and who are 
extremely concerned and oppose this bill.
  As a matter of fact, I met with a group of students from my district 
this morning who oppose this legislation. Even students know that this 
bill will do nothing to stop gun violence, but they do understand it 
will trample Second Amendment rights.
  Madam Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from Missouri (Mr. 
Smith).
  Mr. SMITH of Missouri. Madam Speaker, today's rule is an all-too-
familiar pattern of the legislative laziness from my Democrat 
colleagues.
  Once again, Washington Democrats are hiding their spending from the 
American people. They are smuggling their spending levels for the 
upcoming appropriations process into a rule for a totally unrelated 
bill so they don't have to debate or defend their out-of-control 
spending habits.
  Last year, Democrats did the exact same thing. The chairman of the 
Budget Committee drafts a spending resolution; he skips over his 
committee; and then they toss it into a rule, hoping no one notices.
  At no point in the last 4 years of the majority have House Democrats 
actually marked up a budget in the Budget Committee. Time and again, 
House Democrats have acted with as little sunlight as possible because 
they don't want to be held accountable for their record.
  Americans know that Washington spending is driving inflation, and now 
Democrats are calling for even more. Last year alone, House Democrats 
voted for $7.5 trillion in new spending, including the $2 trillion so-
called rescue plan that ignited the highest inflation in four decades.
  Since President Biden took office and one-party Democrat control of 
Congress took over in Washington, inflation is up 11 percent. Gas 
prices are up 110 percent on their watch. President Biden's 2021 
deficit was the second highest in history, $517 billion more than the 
CBO said it should have been.
  Democrats don't want to debate budgets. They certainly don't want to 
debate the President's budget, which would spend $73 trillion over the 
next decade, a 66 percent increase over the past decade. It would add 
$16 trillion in new debt with well over $1 trillion annual deficits 
every year.
  Democrats don't want to talk about budgets because they are spending 
like they simply don't exist. If Democrats won't show their cards, 
allow me. The resolution that is tucked away in this rule has over $1.6 
trillion in discretionary spending next year, a $132 billion, or 9 
percent, increase over the most recent fiscal year 2022 omnibus. It is 
$21 billion more in spending than even Biden's budget proposal.
  Instead of hiding, I urge my colleagues to be crystal clear with the 
American people about exactly what they have in store for them: tax 
increases, high inflation, open borders, energy dependence, and an 
ever-growing mountain of debt.

                              {time}  1315

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Madam Speaker, you got to be kidding me. The gentleman from Missouri 
comes down here for 3 minutes and unloads on everybody here about a 
technical provision that doesn't even spend any money. It is a 
technical provision to allow us to go forward with our appropriations 
work.
  Not a mention of the children who were killed in Uvalde or the people 
who were killed in Buffalo--not a mention. What the hell is wrong with 
this place?
  Madam Speaker, I include in the Record--since the gentleman didn't 
have the dignity to acknowledge those who were killed--the names of 
those who were murdered in Uvalde and Buffalo.

           Robb Elementary School--Uvalde, TX (May 24, 2022)


        19 Children, 2 Teachers--21 Total Fatalities, 18 injured

       Makenna Lee Elrod, age 10;
       Layla Salazar, age 11;
       Maranda Mathis, age 11;
       Nevaeh Bravo, age 10;
       Jose Manuel Flores Jr., age 10;
       Xavier Lopez; age 10;
       Tess Marie Mata, age 10;
       Rojelio Torres, age 10;
       Eliahna ``Ellie'' Amyah Garcia, age 9;
       Eliahna A. Torres, age 10:
       Annabell Guadalupe Rodriguez, age 10;
       Jackie Cazares, age 9;
       Uziyah Garcia, age 10;
       Jayce Carmelo Luevanos, age 10;
       Maite Yuleana Rodriguez, age 10;
       Jailah Nicole Silguero, age 10;
       Amerie Jo Garza, 10;
       Alexandria ``Lexi'' Aniyah Rubio, age 10;
       Alithia Ramirez, age 10;
       Irma Garcia, age 48; and
       Eva Mireles, age 44.
                                  ____


            Supermarket Shooting--Buffalo, NY (May 14, 2022)


                     10 Total Fatalities, 3 injured

       Pearl Young, age 77;
       Ruth Whitfield, age 86;
       Andre Mackniel, age 53;
       Katherine 'Kat' Massey, age 72;
       Celestine Chaney, age 65;
       Margus D. Morrison, age 52;
       Heyward Patterson, age 67;
       Aaron Salter Jr., age 55;
       Roberta Drury, age 32; and
       Geraldine Talley, age 62.

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I will respond to the gentlewoman from 
Minnesota.
  Madam Speaker, I include in the Record this Business Insider article 
entitled ``Host Republican leaders told their Members to vote against 
eight gun-safety bills, citing opposition from the NRA and Gun Owners 
of America.''

                      [From Insider, June 8, 2022]

   House Republican Leaders Told Their Members To Vote Against 8 Gun-
 Safety Bills, Citing Opposition From the NRA and Gun Owners of America

                           (By Bryan Metzger)

       House Republicans are poised to vote against eight bills 
     aimed at preventing gun violence on Tuesday, in part due to 
     opposition from powerful pro-gun groups on the right.
       House Democratic leaders have scheduled votes for Wednesday 
     evening on the ``Protecting Our Kids Act''--a package of 
     seven gun violence-related measures that includes raising the 
     age for legal purchase of semiautomatic rifles and shotguns 
     to 21, closing the ``bump stock'' loophole, and other 
     measures aimed at preventing the illegal trafficking of guns.
       The House will also vote on the ``Federal Extreme Risk 
     Protection Order Act,'' a federal ``red flag'' bill that 
     would allow family members and law enforcement officials to 
     temporarily block firearm access to those who a court 
     determines pose a danger to themselves or others.
       In a ``whip notice'' sent to rank-and-file members on 
     Tuesday afternoon, House GOP leadership urged a ``no'' vote 
     on all eight bills, referring to the seven-bill package as 
     the ``Unconstitutional Gun Restrictions Act.'' They wrote 
     that House Democrats had ``thrown together this reactionary 
     package comprised of legislation that egregiously violates 
     law-abiding citizens' 2nd Amendment rights and hinders 
     Americans' ability to defend and protect themselves and their 
     families.''
       The email also noted the opposition of the National Rifle 
     Association and Gun Owners of America, including links to 
     talking points from the NRA about both the gun package and 
     the red flag law. Leaders also noted the opposition of 
     Heritage Action for America, an advocacy group tied to the 
     conservative Heritage Foundation.
       ``Due to the importance of this issue, votes on this 
     legislation will be considered in future candidate ratings 
     and endorsements by the NRA Political Victory Fund,'' 
     declares one of the memos shared by party leaders.
       It's not uncommon for party leaders to note the opposition 
     of outside groups to major pieces of legislation. For 
     example, in a February whip notice urging Republicans to vote 
     against a major piece of legislation aimed at boosting the US 
     semiconductor industry, GOP leaders noted the opposition of 
     the Federation for American Immigration Reform, National 
     Taxpayers Union, and Americans for Prosperity.
       But the two gun groups' inclusion--and the NRA's threat to 
     downgrade candidate ratings or withhold endorsements should 
     any Republicans back the measures--underscores the enduring 
     influence of pro-second amendment groups on the right, 
     despite the NRA's recent financial troubles and shrinking 
     membership.

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from 
Maryland (Mr. Raskin), a member of the Rules Committee.
  Mr. RASKIN. Madam Speaker, the blood bath continues. Gun violence has 
now become the number one cause of death of children in the United 
States. We have rates of gun violence and gun deaths 20 times higher 
than any other industrialized nations like France, the United Kingdom, 
Japan, and Israel. No other nation comes close to what we are seeing. 
That is 200 percent higher than our peer countries.

[[Page H5358]]

  The American people want change and action, but the minority invites 
us to believe that the bloody carnage piling up around the country from 
Buffalo to Uvalde, from Newtown to Las Vegas is a necessary feature of 
our Second Amendment.
  We are invited to believe that all of the lost sons, daughters, 
mothers, fathers, brothers, and sisters of America are the necessary 
collateral damage of their fidelity to the Second Amendment.
  Our family members must be sacrificed to a completely false vision of 
the Second Amendment. It is a lie. It is a lie based on a totally bogus 
misreading of the Second Amendment and what the Supreme Court has 
actually said about it.
  Read Justice Scalia in Heller v. District of Columbia. No, he says, 
the right to guns is not an unlimited right. No, he says, the Second 
Amendment right is not a right to keep and carry any weapon whatsoever, 
in any manner whatsoever, and for whatever purpose. No.
  The Second Amendment is not the only right in the Bill of Rights that 
is not subject to reasonable regulation in the interest of public 
safety and public security. He specifically upheld reasonable gun 
safety regulations, including bans on carrying a concealed weapon, the 
possession of firearms by felons and other people who shouldn't have 
guns; laws forbidding carrying firearms in schools and government 
buildings; laws imposing conditions and qualifications on the sale and 
purchase of firearms.
  Stop hiding behind the Second Amendment. Take responsibility for your 
irresponsible position.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Members are reminded to direct their remarks 
to the Chair.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Madam Speaker, we already have gun laws in this country and yet those 
laws continue to be broken. If Democrats want to talk about common 
sense, how about we talk about enforcing the laws that already exist.
  Communities across the country are making it clear that they want 
people who commit crimes to be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the 
law; yet, liberal prosecutors are letting criminals go free with 
minimal punishment. This is not woke. This is dangerous.
  Criminals need to be held accountable for their actions, and that is 
why we offered the PQ we did.
  Madam Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Madam Speaker, the gentlewoman mentioned our gun laws, and just to 
demonstrate the absurdity of the gun laws that are in place, I include 
in the Record the Texas Parks & Wildlife ``Migratory Game Bird Hunting 
Methods'' list of regulations, which is valid September 1, 2021 through 
August 31, 2022.

            [From the Texas Parks & Wildlife, Sept. 1, 2021]

                  Migratory Game Bird Hunting Methods

                      (By Texas Parks & Wildlife)


                   Harvest Information Program (HIP)

       No person shall hunt migratory game birds in this state 
     unless that person is HIP-certified in Texas. The federally-
     mandated Harvest Information Program (HIP) improves harvest 
     information for all migratory game birds. Hunters who buy a 
     Migratory Game Bird Hunting Endorsement, including Super 
     Combos, will be asked a few simple questions about their 
     migratory bird hunting activities.
       Please report Migratory Game Bird bands. Check migratory 
     game birds harvested (especially doves) for leg bands and 
     report them to reportband.gov.


                           Means and Methods

       Shotguns, lawful archery equipment, falconry, dogs, 
     artificial decoys, and manual or mouth-operated bird calls 
     are legal.
       A shotgun is the only legal firearm for hunting migratory 
     game birds. Shotguns must not be larger than 10-gauge, must 
     be fired from the shoulder, and must be incapable of holding 
     more than three shells. Shotguns capable of holding more than 
     three shells must be plugged with a one-piece filler which 
     cannot be removed without disassembling the gun, so the gun's 
     total capacity does not exceed three shells.
       Hunting is permitted in the open or from a blind or other 
     type of concealment or from floating craft or motor boat 
     provided that all motion resulting from sail or motor has 
     ceased. Sails must be furled and motor turned off before 
     shooting starts.
       A craft under power may be used to retrieve dead or 
     crippled birds; however, crippled birds may not be shot from 
     such craft under power.
       No person, while hunting waterfowl anywhere in the state, 
     may possess shotgun shells containing lead shot or loose lead 
     shot for use in muzzleloaders. Approved shot includes steel 
     (including copper, nickel or zinc-coated steel), bismuth-tin, 
     tungsten-iron, tungsten-polymer (e.g. moly-shot), and any 
     other nontoxic material approved by the Director of the 
     USFWS.


                          Baiting Regulations

       Directly or indirectly placing, exposing, depositing, 
     distributing or scattering of salt, grain, or other feed that 
     could serve as a lure or attraction for migratory game birds 
     to, on or over areas where hunters are attempting to take 
     them is prohibited by federal law. Hunters are responsible 
     for knowing whether an area is baited or not.
       For further information on federal regulation regarding 
     baiting:
       USFWS Dove Hunting and Baiting.
       USFWS Waterfowl Hunting and Baiting.
       A hunter may hunt migratory game birds including waterfowl, 
     coots and sandhill cranes:
       on or over standing crops, standing flooded crops and 
     flooded harvested crops;
       over natural vegetation that has been manipulated;
       on or over a normal soil stabilization practice that is 
     defined as a planting for agricultural soil erosion control 
     or post-mining land reclamation conducted in accordance with 
     official recommendations of State Extension Specialists of 
     the Cooperative Extension Service of the U.S. Department of 
     Agriculture (USDA);
       on or over lands or areas where seeds or grains have been 
     scattered solely as a result of a normal agricultural 
     practice which is defined as a planting, harvesting or post-
     harvest manipulation conducted in accordance with official 
     recommendations of State Extension Specialists of the 
     Cooperative Extension Service of the USDA. Does not include 
     the brocast spreading of seed that is normally drill-planted;
       over crops or natural vegetation where grain has been 
     inadvertently scattered as a result of entering or leaving a 
     hunting area, placing decoys or retrieving downed birds;
       using natural vegetation or crops to conceal a blind, 
     provided that if crops are used to conceal a blind, no grain 
     or other feed is exposed, deposited, distributed or scattered 
     in the process.
       A person may hunt doves over planted crops that have been 
     manipulated for the purpose of hunting. Waterfowl and 
     sandhill cranes may not be hunted where grain or feed has 
     been distributed or scattered as a result of manipulation or 
     livestock feeding.


                          Unlawful Activities

       It is unlawful to:
       hunt migratory birds with the aid of bait, or on or over 
     any baited area;
       hunt over any baited area until 10 days after all baiting 
     materials have been removed and a game warden has confirmed 
     removal of baiting materials;
       place or allow the placement of bait on or adjacent to any 
     area where migratory game birds could be attracted for the 
     purpose of hunting migratory game birds by any person;
       hunt waterfowl or sandhill cranes over manipulated planted 
     millet in the first year after planting;
       hunt waterfowl or sandhill cranes over crops that have been 
     manipulated, unless the manipulation is a normal agricultural 
     post-harvesting manipulation in accordance with official 
     recommendations of State Extension Specialists of the 
     Cooperative Extension Service of the USDA;
       use any firearm other than a legal shotgun; use a trap, 
     snare, net, fishhook, poison, drug, explosive or stupefying 
     substance; use live birds as decoys; use recorded or 
     electronically amplified bird calls or sounds; or use a 
     sinkbox;
       hunt from or by means of motor vehicles or aircraft of any 
     kind (including stationary) except paraplegics and single or 
     double amputees of legs may hunt from stationary motor-driven 
     conveyances;
       use motor-driven land, water or air conveyances or 
     sailboats to concentrate, drive, rally or stir up any 
     migratory game bird; or
       hunt where tame or captive live ducks or geese are present 
     unless such birds are or have been for a period of 10 
     consecutive days prior to such taking confined within an 
     enclosure which substantially reduces the audibility of their 
     calls and totally conceals such birds from the sight of wild 
     migratory game birds.

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, shotguns used for duck hunting can't 
hold more than three shells. Let me repeat: In order to protect the 
duck population in Texas, shotguns cannot hold more than three shells. 
Imagine if our Republican friends could muster the same courage to 
protect America's children.
  Madam Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from New York (Mr. 
Higgins).
  Mr. HIGGINS of New York. Madam Speaker, I rise today in support of 
the rule for the House to consider commonsense measures to protect our 
communities and our kids from massacres caused by weapons of mass 
destruction.

[[Page H5359]]

  In Buffalo, on May 14, the shooting started at 2:30 in the afternoon. 
In 2 minutes and 3 seconds it was over: 10 people were killed, 3 
injured, 11 African Americans, 1 shooter with a weapon of mass 
destruction.
  I don't want anybody's guns, but we should at least be able to be 
supportive of background checks to ensure that people that shouldn't 
have a gun possess a gun. That uplifts the integrity of gun ownership 
by taking a responsible position and does nothing relative to 
constitutional rights, and represents a collective responsibility.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Madam Speaker, why are we here debating legislation we know will 
never become law, and when there are--completely separate from this 
proposal--bipartisan efforts going on in the Senate? We know this is 
not a genuine effort by the Democrats as they went right to extremes of 
what they know will divide this country, and would not work with 
Republicans or accept any of the reasonable amendments that were put 
forward in committee.
  This is a political ploy being put on by the Democrats for them to 
use as talking points, and it is at the expense of a tragedy and the 
heartache of so many across this country.
  Madam Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentlewoman from 
Massachusetts (Mrs. Trahan).
  Mrs. TRAHAN. Madam Speaker, many of us in this Chamber have young 
children. For us, today's vote comes down to simple questions: Can you 
as a mom or dad imagine getting a call that your child's school was 
locked down because of an active shooter? Can you imagine standing 
helplessly behind a police line as gunshots are fired near your 
daughter's classroom? Can you imagine having to identify the 
unrecognizable body of your missing baby boy by his favorite shoes? Can 
you imagine standing in line for a DNA test praying to God that it does 
not come back a match?
  I ask those questions because that is what 19 families in Uvalde just 
had to do. That is their reality and it has been the reality for 14 
families in Parkland, 20 families in Sandy Hook, 12 families in 
Columbine, and the list goes on.
  If you imagine that reality, then do today what should have been done 
25 years ago. Pass the legislation so no parent in America ever 
experiences this horrific reality again. Our children are counting on 
us and they are watching.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentlewoman from 
Michigan (Ms. Tlaib).
  Ms. TLAIB. Madam Speaker, it is inhumane, colleagues, to allow the 
killing of children. I do have one more question for so many that I 
have asked over and over again: Is doing nothing really going to save 
lives? Is it going to actually result in change? How many more of our 
children have to die?
  How many more school children's little pink shoes will be left behind 
stained with blood before some of the electeds in this room put the 
lives of people ahead of the profits of their political donors?
  In my district, in River Rouge, a 6-year-old girl was caught in a 
crossfire and shot by a high-powered assault rifle.
  The measures in the Protecting Our Kids package that we are set to 
vote on today is essential and it does save lives. Let's just be very 
clear though: Our kids need way more than this. They need an assault 
weapon ban. They need far stricter regulations on handguns and bold 
initiatives to reduce the number of firearms in our communities.
  Most of all, they need accountability from us--from all of us.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentlewoman has expired.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield the gentlewoman an additional 15 
seconds.
  Ms. TLAIB. Madam Speaker, they need accountability from those of us 
who are enabling the mass murder of millions of Americans so they can 
profit from our pain, and that the people that enable their slaughter-
for-profit scheme are here in our government.

  Madam Speaker, I look forward to supporting this and so much more 
because our kids deserve it.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, we have no further requests for time on 
our side, and I am ready to close. I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Madam Speaker, these bills are not about keeping kids and communities 
safe from violent criminals, they are about furthering a blanket anti-
gun agenda. This is one-size-fits-all gun restriction legislation that 
would punish law-abiding gun owners and fail to improve public safety. 
My colleagues on the left know it.
  This was not a bipartisan effort and these bills will never make it 
through the Senate. With very real problems to solve, why are Democrats 
wasting precious time on something that will never make it into law? If 
Democrats were serious about addressing gun violence, they would engage 
in meaningful conversation about public safety instead of this agenda-
driven political theater.
  The sad fact is that the Democrats' approach demonstrates that these 
bills and the issue of gun violence on the whole are nothing more than 
political talking points in an election year. This is designed to 
advance the radical Democrat base that believes no private citizen 
should ever be able to own a gun.
  They should be ashamed of themselves for putting us through this 
political show rather than working with Republicans on a bipartisan 
solution to gun violence.
  Madam Speaker, I oppose the rule and I ask Members to do the same. I 
yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, how much time do I have remaining?
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman has 2\1/4\ minutes.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I include in the Record Newsweek's May 
27, 2022, article entitled ``More Children Have Been Shot Dead in 2022 
Than Police in the Line of Duty.''

                     [From Newsweek, May 27, 2022]

 More Children Have Been Shot Dead in 2022 Than Police in the Line of 
                                  Duty

                          (By Gerrard Kaonga)

       More children have been shot and killed in the U.S. this 
     year than police while on duty, according to new data.
       The Officer Down Memorial Page website records the death of 
     police officers across the country and honors them for their 
     service.
       As well as showing a picture of the deceased officer, it 
     also shows where they were stationed, the date of their death 
     and the cause.
       According to the website, in 2022, 20 officers have been 
     killed after being involved in a shooting.
       In comparison, in 2022, 24 students have been killed as a 
     result of shootings at school, according to data collected by 
     Education Week.
       ``School shootings, terrifying to students, educators, 
     parents and communities, always reignite polarizing debates 
     about gun rights and school safety,'' the Education Week 
     report read.
       ``To bring context to these debates, Education Week 
     journalists began tracking shootings on K-12 school property 
     that resulted in firearm-related injuries or deaths.''
       According to the Education Week report, there have been 27 
     school shootings in 2022 and 119 in total since 2018, when 
     they began tracking such incidents.
       The Robb Elementary School shooting, which resulted in 21 
     people being killed--19 children and two adult staff, lifted 
     the number of children killed in school shootings above the 
     number of police officers shot dead in the line of duty.
       The other school shootings that brought the total number to 
     24 deaths included an attack at Tanglewood Middle School, 
     Greenville, South Carolina, on March 31.
       A 12-year old student was shot and killed at the school. At 
     the time, this was the youngest age a student had been killed 
     in a school shooting in 2022.
       Another incident that contributed was the Eisenhower High 
     School shooting, Yakima, Washington, on March 15, that 
     resulted in one student being killed and another injured.
       There was also a shooting at East High School in Des 
     Moines, Iowa, on March 7 that resulted in a 15-year-old boy 
     being killed and two female students getting injured.
       The second shooting of 2022 that resulted in a fatality of 
     a student was at the South Education Center, Richfield, 
     Minnesota, on February 1.


                    Large Number of School Shootings

       A shooting outside the South Education Center left a 15-
     year-old student dead and a 17-year-old student critically 
     wounded.
       The first incident of 2022 that resulted in a student's 
     death was at Oliver Citywide Academy, in Pittsburgh, 
     Pennsylvania on January 19. This resulted in a 15-year-old 
     boy

[[Page H5360]]

     being shot and killed as he waited to go home.
       President Joe Biden addressed the issue in a speech on 
     Tuesday and said it was time America stood up to the gun 
     manufacturing industry. Biden also reflected on the frequency 
     of mass shootings in America in his speech.
       ``It's been 3,448 days--10 years since I stood up at a high 
     school in Connecticut--a grade school in Connecticut, where 
     another gunman massacred 26 people, including 20 first-
     graders, at Sandy Hook Elementary School,'' he said.
       ``Since then, there have been over 900 incidents of gunfire 
     reported on school grounds. Marjorie Stoneman Douglas High 
     School in Parkland, Florida. Santa Fe High School in Texas. 
     Oxford High School in Michigan. The list goes on and on,'' 
     Biden said. ``And the list grows when it includes mass 
     shootings at places like movie theaters, houses of worship, 
     and, as we saw just 10 days ago, at a grocery store in 
     Buffalo, New York.''
       ``I am sick and tired of it. We have to act. And don't tell 
     me we can't have an impact on this carnage,'' Biden said.

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield myself the remainder of my time.
  Madam Speaker, will the bills before us pass the Senate? I sure as 
hell hope so. None of these proposals are extreme. Quite the opposite. 
In fact, they are what the vast majority of people in this country--
Democrats, Republicans, Independents--want us to do. Maybe they will 
get changed in the Senate. Even if our Senate colleagues do not take up 
these exact bills, I will tell you what this process we are going 
through will absolutely do and why our efforts here are worthwhile.
  This process will unequivocally show where each and every one of us 
stand in the wake of this unspeakable tragedy. More importantly, it 
will demonstrate which of the solutions we are putting forward have 
majority support in this half of the Congress.
  As our Senate colleagues discuss gun violence solutions, they will 
have no doubt as to where the House of Representatives stands on red 
flag laws; raising the age to purchase a semiautomatic rifle from 18 to 
21; gun trafficking and straw purchases; ghost guns; safe storage of 
firearms, particularly when a minor is likely to gain access; bump 
stocks; and large-capacity magazines.
  We will have separate votes on all of these issues. This is on top of 
the background check bill and the Charleston loophole bills we have 
already sent them.

                              {time}  1330

  This week there will be no excuses. We will vote on these ideas one 
issue at a time. None of these proposals are aimed at taking guns away 
from law-abiding citizens. They are aimed at stopping people from 
getting slaughtered in their schools, in their churches, in grocery 
stores, and in their homes. These ideas won't solve every problem or 
stop every shooting, but no sane person can come to the conclusion that 
these proposals would not save lives.
  I know that things like background checks and waiting until you are 
21 to buy an AR-15 and smaller magazine capacity may seem like an 
inconvenience to some people. But when stacked up against the carnage 
we have seen in this country, I think we can all live with a little 
inconvenience.
  Madam Speaker, I cannot be any clearer. These bills will keep people 
from dying, but only if they become law or if similar bills become law.
  I know that everybody hates Congress. Hell, I even hate Congress 
sometimes. But, Madam Speaker, don't listen to the NRA or extremists on 
this bill. Vote your conscience.
  Madam Speaker, I urge a ``yes'' vote on the rule and the previous 
question.
  The material previously referred to by Mrs. Fischbach is as follows:

                   Amendment to House Resolution 1153

       At the end of the resolution, add the following:
       Sec. 8. Immediately upon adoption of this resolution, the 
     House shall proceed to the consideration in the House of the 
     bill (H.R. 7967) to amend the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
     Streets Act to direct district attorney and prosecutors 
     offices to report to the Attorney General, and for other 
     purposes. All points of order against consideration of the 
     bill are waived. The bill shall be considered as read. All 
     points of order against provisions in the bill are waived. 
     The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the 
     bill and on any amendment thereto to final passage without 
     intervening motion except: (1) one hour of debate equally 
     divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority 
     member of the Committee on the Judiciary; and (2) one motion 
     to recommit.
       Sec. 9. Clause l(c) of rule XIX shall not apply to the 
     consideration of H.R. 7967.

  Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time, and 
I move the previous question on the resolution.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on ordering the previous 
question.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the ayes appeared to have it.
  Mrs. FISCHBACH. Madam Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to section 3(s) of House Resolution 
8, the yeas and nays are ordered.
  Pursuant to clause 9 of rule XX, the Chair will reduce to 5 minutes 
the minimum time for any electronic vote on the question of adoption of 
the resolution.
  The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 217, 
nays 205, not voting 5, as follows:

                             [Roll No. 235]

                               YEAS--217

     Adams
     Aguilar
     Allred
     Auchincloss
     Axne
     Barragan
     Bass
     Beatty
     Bera
     Beyer
     Bishop (GA)
     Blumenauer
     Blunt Rochester
     Bonamici
     Bourdeaux
     Bowman
     Boyle, Brendan F.
     Brown (MD)
     Brown (OH)
     Brownley
     Bush
     Bustos
     Butterfield
     Carbajal
     Cardenas
     Carson
     Carter (LA)
     Cartwright
     Case
     Casten
     Castor (FL)
     Castro (TX)
     Cherfilus-McCormick
     Chu
     Cicilline
     Clark (MA)
     Clarke (NY)
     Cleaver
     Clyburn
     Cohen
     Connolly
     Cooper
     Correa
     Costa
     Courtney
     Craig
     Crist
     Crow
     Cuellar
     Davids (KS)
     Davis, Danny K.
     Dean
     DeFazio
     DeGette
     DeLauro
     DelBene
     Demings
     DeSaulnier
     Deutch
     Dingell
     Doggett
     Doyle, Michael F.
     Escobar
     Eshoo
     Espaillat
     Evans
     Fletcher
     Foster
     Frankel, Lois
     Gallego
     Garamendi
     Garcia (IL)
     Garcia (TX)
     Golden
     Gomez
     Gonzalez, Vicente
     Gottheimer
     Green, Al (TX)
     Grijalva
     Harder (CA)
     Hayes
     Himes
     Horsford
     Hoyer
     Huffman
     Jackson Lee
     Jacobs (CA)
     Jayapal
     Jeffries
     Johnson (GA)
     Johnson (TX)
     Jones
     Kahele
     Kaptur
     Keating
     Kelly (IL)
     Khanna
     Kildee
     Kilmer
     Kim (NJ)
     Kind
     Kirkpatrick
     Krishnamoorthi
     Kuster
     Lamb
     Langevin
     Larsen (WA)
     Larson (CT)
     Lawrence
     Lawson (FL)
     Lee (CA)
     Lee (NV)
     Leger Fernandez
     Levin (CA)
     Levin (MI)
     Lieu
     Lofgren
     Lowenthal
     Luria
     Lynch
     Malinowski
     Maloney, Carolyn B.
     Maloney, Sean
     Manning
     Matsui
     McBath
     McCollum
     McEachin
     McGovern
     McNerney
     Meeks
     Meng
     Mfume
     Moore (WI)
     Morelle
     Moulton
     Mrvan
     Murphy (FL)
     Nadler
     Napolitano
     Neal
     Neguse
     Newman
     Norcross
     O'Halleran
     Ocasio-Cortez
     Omar
     Pallone
     Panetta
     Pappas
     Pascrell
     Payne
     Perlmutter
     Peters
     Phillips
     Pingree
     Pocan
     Porter
     Pressley
     Price (NC)
     Quigley
     Raskin
     Rice (NY)
     Ross
     Roybal-Allard
     Ruiz
     Ruppersberger
     Rush
     Ryan
     Sanchez
     Sarbanes
     Scanlon
     Schakowsky
     Schiff
     Schneider
     Schrader
     Schrier
     Scott (VA)
     Scott, David
     Sewell
     Sherman
     Sherrill
     Sires
     Slotkin
     Smith (WA)
     Soto
     Spanberger
     Speier
     Stansbury
     Stanton
     Stevens
     Strickland
     Suozzi
     Swalwell
     Takano
     Thompson (CA)
     Thompson (MS)
     Titus
     Tlaib
     Tonko
     Torres (CA)
     Torres (NY)
     Trahan
     Trone
     Underwood
     Vargas
     Veasey
     Velazquez
     Wasserman Schultz
     Waters
     Watson Coleman
     Welch
     Wexton
     Wild
     Williams (GA)
     Wilson (FL)
     Yarmuth

                               NAYS--205

     Allen
     Amodei
     Armstrong
     Arrington
     Babin
     Bacon
     Baird
     Balderson
     Banks
     Barr
     Bentz
     Bergman
     Bice (OK)
     Biggs
     Bilirakis
     Bishop (NC)
     Boebert
     Bost
     Brady
     Brooks
     Buchanan
     Buck
     Bucshon
     Budd
     Burchett
     Burgess
     Calvert
     Cammack
     Carey
     Carl
     Carter (GA)
     Carter (TX)
     Cawthorn
     Chabot
     Cheney
     Cline
     Cloud
     Clyde
     Cole
     Comer
     Crawford
     Crenshaw
     Curtis
     Davidson
     Davis, Rodney
     DesJarlais
     Diaz-Balart
     Donalds
     Duncan
     Dunn
     Ellzey
     Emmer
     Estes
     Fallon
     Feenstra
     Ferguson
     Fischbach
     Fitzgerald
     Fitzpatrick
     Fleischmann
     Foxx
     Franklin, C. Scott
     Fulcher
     Gaetz
     Gallagher
     Garbarino
     Garcia (CA)
     Gibbs
     Gimenez
     Gohmert
     Gonzales, Tony
     Gonzalez (OH)
     Gooden (TX)
     Gosar
     Granger
     Graves (LA)
     Graves (MO)
     Green (TN)
     Greene (GA)
     Griffith
     Grothman
     Guest
     Guthrie
     Harris
     Harshbarger
     Hartzler
     Hern
     Herrell
     Herrera Beutler
     Hice (GA)
     Higgins (LA)
     Hill
     Hinson
     Hudson
     Huizenga
     Issa
     Jackson
     Jacobs (NY)
     Johnson (LA)
     Johnson (OH)
     Johnson (SD)
     Jordan
     Joyce (OH)
     Joyce (PA)
     Katko
     Keller
     Kelly (MS)
     Kelly (PA)
     Kim (CA)
     Kinzinger

[[Page H5361]]


     Kustoff
     LaHood
     LaMalfa
     Lamborn
     Latta
     LaTurner
     Lesko
     Letlow
     Long
     Loudermilk
     Lucas
     Luetkemeyer
     Mace
     Malliotakis
     Mann
     Massie
     Mast
     McCarthy
     McCaul
     McClain
     McClintock
     McHenry
     McKinley
     Meijer
     Meuser
     Miller (IL)
     Miller (WV)
     Miller-Meeks
     Moolenaar
     Mooney
     Moore (AL)
     Moore (UT)
     Mullin
     Murphy (NC)
     Nehls
     Newhouse
     Norman
     Obernolte
     Owens
     Palazzo
     Palmer
     Pence
     Perry
     Pfluger
     Posey
     Reschenthaler
     Rice (SC)
     Rodgers (WA)
     Rogers (AL)
     Rogers (KY)
     Rose
     Rosendale
     Rouzer
     Roy
     Rutherford
     Salazar
     Scalise
     Schweikert
     Scott, Austin
     Sessions
     Simpson
     Smith (MO)
     Smith (NE)
     Smith (NJ)
     Smucker
     Spartz
     Stauber
     Steel
     Stefanik
     Steil
     Steube
     Stewart
     Taylor
     Tenney
     Thompson (PA)
     Tiffany
     Timmons
     Turner
     Upton
     Valadao
     Van Drew
     Van Duyne
     Wagner
     Walberg
     Walorski
     Waltz
     Weber (TX)
     Webster (FL)
     Wenstrup
     Westerman
     Williams (TX)
     Wilson (SC)
     Wittman
     Womack
     Zeldin

                             NOT VOTING--5

     Aderholt
     Good (VA)
     Higgins (NY)
     Hollingsworth
     Houlahan

                              {time}  1410

  Mr. MULLIN, Ms. TENNEY, Mrs. HARTZLER, and Mr. KATKO changed their 
vote from ``yea'' to ``nay.''
  So the previous question was ordered.
  The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.


    Members Recorded Pursuant to House Resolution 8, 117th Congress


     Barragan (Beyer)
     Bass (Blunt Rochester)
     Brooks (Fleischmann)
     Brown (OH) (Beatty)
     Calvert (Valadao)
     Cardenas (Soto)
     Cawthorn (Gaetz)
     Crist (Wasserman Schultz)
     Evans (Beyer)
     Frankel, Lois (Wasserman Schultz)
     Gomez (Garcia (TX))
     Guest (Fleischmann)
     Jacobs (CA) (Correa)
     Johnson (SD) (LaHood)
     Johnson (TX) (Jeffries)
     Kim (CA) (Valadao)
     Kirkpatrick (Pallone)
     Lamb (Blunt Rochester)
     Leger Fernandez (Neguse)
     Loudermilk (Fleischmann)
     Lowenthal (Beyer)
     Mace (Donalds)
     McEachin (Beyer)
     Moore (WI) (Beyer)
     Moulton (Neguse)
     Payne (Pallone)
     Price (NC) (Manning)
     Ruiz (Correa)
     Ryan (Beyer)
     Sanchez (Garcia (TX))
     Sewell (Kelly (IL))
     Sherman (Beyer)
     Sires (Pallone)
     Spartz (Banks)
     Strickland (Takano)
     Suozzi (Beyer)
     Swalwell (Veasey)
     Taylor (Fallon)
     Tonko (Pallone)
     Torres (NY) (Blunt Rochester)
     Vargas (Takano)
     Walorski (Banks)
     Waters (Garcia (TX))
     Welch (Pallone)
     Wilson (FL) (Neguse)

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the resolution.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the ayes appeared to have it.
  Mr. BURGESS. Madam Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to section 3(s) of House Resolution 
8, the yeas and nays are ordered.
  This is a 5-minute vote.
  The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 218, 
nays 205, not voting 5, as follows:

                            [Roll No., 236]

                               YEAS--218

     Adams
     Aguilar
     Allred
     Auchincloss
     Axne
     Barragan
     Bass
     Beatty
     Bera
     Beyer
     Bishop (GA)
     Blumenauer
     Blunt Rochester
     Bonamici
     Bourdeaux
     Bowman
     Boyle, Brendan F.
     Brown (MD)
     Brown (OH)
     Brownley
     Bush
     Bustos
     Butterfield
     Carbajal
     Cardenas
     Carson
     Carter (LA)
     Cartwright
     Case
     Casten
     Castor (FL)
     Castro (TX)
     Cherfilus-McCormick
     Chu
     Cicilline
     Clark (MA)
     Clarke (NY)
     Cleaver
     Clyburn
     Cohen
     Connolly
     Cooper
     Correa
     Costa
     Courtney
     Craig
     Crist
     Crow
     Cuellar
     Davids (KS)
     Davis, Danny K.
     Dean
     DeFazio
     DeGette
     DeLauro
     DelBene
     Demings
     DeSaulnier
     Deutch
     Dingell
     Doggett
     Doyle, Michael F.
     Escobar
     Eshoo
     Espaillat
     Evans
     Fletcher
     Foster
     Frankel, Lois
     Gallego
     Garamendi
     Garcia (IL)
     Garcia (TX)
     Gomez
     Gonzalez, Vicente
     Gottheimer
     Green, Al (TX)
     Grijalva
     Harder (CA)
     Hayes
     Higgins (NY)
     Himes
     Horsford
     Houlahan
     Hoyer
     Huffman
     Jackson Lee
     Jacobs (CA)
     Jayapal
     Jeffries
     Johnson (GA)
     Johnson (TX)
     Jones
     Kahele
     Kaptur
     Keating
     Kelly (IL)
     Khanna
     Kildee
     Kilmer
     Kim (NJ)
     Kind
     Kirkpatrick
     Krishnamoorthi
     Kuster
     Lamb
     Langevin
     Larsen (WA)
     Larson (CT)
     Lawrence
     Lawson (FL)
     Lee (CA)
     Lee (NV)
     Leger Fernandez
     Levin (CA)
     Levin (MI)
     Lieu
     Lofgren
     Lowenthal
     Luria
     Lynch
     Malinowski
     Maloney, Carolyn B.
     Maloney, Sean
     Manning
     Matsui
     McBath
     McCollum
     McEachin
     McGovern
     McNerney
     Meeks
     Meng
     Mfume
     Moore (WI)
     Morelle
     Moulton
     Mrvan
     Murphy (FL)
     Nadler
     Napolitano
     Neal
     Neguse
     Newman
     Norcross
     O'Halleran
     Ocasio-Cortez
     Omar
     Pallone
     Panetta
     Pappas
     Pascrell
     Payne
     Pelosi
     Perlmutter
     Peters
     Phillips
     Pingree
     Pocan
     Porter
     Pressley
     Price (NC)
     Quigley
     Raskin
     Rice (NY)
     Ross
     Roybal-Allard
     Ruiz
     Ruppersberger
     Rush
     Ryan
     Sanchez
     Sarbanes
     Scanlon
     Schakowsky
     Schiff
     Schneider
     Schrader
     Schrier
     Scott (VA)
     Scott, David
     Sewell
     Sherman
     Sherrill
     Sires
     Smith (WA)
     Soto
     Spanberger
     Speier
     Stansbury
     Stanton
     Stevens
     Strickland
     Suozzi
     Swalwell
     Takano
     Thompson (CA)
     Thompson (MS)
     Titus
     Tlaib
     Tonko
     Torres (CA)
     Torres (NY)
     Trahan
     Trone
     Underwood
     Vargas
     Veasey
     Velazquez
     Wasserman Schultz
     Waters
     Watson Coleman
     Welch
     Wexton
     Wild
     Williams (GA)
     Wilson (FL)
     Yarmuth

                               NAYS--205

     Allen
     Amodei
     Armstrong
     Arrington
     Babin
     Bacon
     Baird
     Balderson
     Banks
     Barr
     Bentz
     Bergman
     Bice (OK)
     Biggs
     Bilirakis
     Bishop (NC)
     Boebert
     Bost
     Brady
     Brooks
     Buchanan
     Buck
     Bucshon
     Budd
     Burchett
     Burgess
     Calvert
     Cammack
     Carey
     Carl
     Carter (GA)
     Carter (TX)
     Cawthorn
     Chabot
     Cheney
     Cline
     Cloud
     Clyde
     Cole
     Comer
     Crawford
     Crenshaw
     Curtis
     Davidson
     Davis, Rodney
     DesJarlais
     Diaz-Balart
     Donalds
     Duncan
     Dunn
     Ellzey
     Emmer
     Estes
     Fallon
     Feenstra
     Ferguson
     Fischbach
     Fitzgerald
     Fitzpatrick
     Fleischmann
     Foxx
     Franklin, C. Scott
     Fulcher
     Gaetz
     Gallagher
     Garbarino
     Garcia (CA)
     Gibbs
     Gimenez
     Gohmert
     Golden
     Gonzales, Tony
     Gonzalez (OH)
     Good (VA)
     Gooden (TX)
     Gosar
     Granger
     Graves (LA)
     Graves (MO)
     Green (TN)
     Greene (GA)
     Griffith
     Grothman
     Guest
     Guthrie
     Harris
     Harshbarger
     Hartzler
     Hern
     Herrell
     Herrera Beutler
     Hice (GA)
     Higgins (LA)
     Hill
     Hinson
     Hudson
     Huizenga
     Issa
     Jackson
     Jacobs (NY)
     Johnson (LA)
     Johnson (OH)
     Johnson (SD)
     Jordan
     Joyce (OH)
     Joyce (PA)
     Katko
     Keller
     Kelly (MS)
     Kelly (PA)
     Kim (CA)
     Kinzinger
     Kustoff
     LaHood
     LaMalfa
     Lamborn
     Latta
     LaTurner
     Lesko
     Letlow
     Long
     Loudermilk
     Lucas
     Luetkemeyer
     Mace
     Malliotakis
     Mann
     Massie
     McCarthy
     McCaul
     McClain
     McClintock
     McHenry
     McKinley
     Meijer
     Miller (IL)
     Miller (WV)
     Miller-Meeks
     Moolenaar
     Mooney
     Moore (AL)
     Moore (UT)
     Mullin
     Murphy (NC)
     Nehls
     Newhouse
     Norman
     Obernolte
     Owens
     Palazzo
     Pence
     Perry
     Pfluger
     Posey
     Reschenthaler
     Rice (SC)
     Rodgers (WA)
     Rogers (AL)
     Rogers (KY)
     Rose
     Rosendale
     Rouzer
     Roy
     Rutherford
     Salazar
     Scalise
     Schweikert
     Scott, Austin
     Sessions
     Simpson
     Slotkin
     Smith (MO)
     Smith (NE)
     Smith (NJ)
     Smucker
     Spartz
     Stauber
     Steel
     Stefanik
     Steil
     Steube
     Stewart
     Taylor
     Tenney
     Thompson (PA)
     Tiffany
     Timmons
     Turner
     Upton
     Valadao
     Van Drew
     Van Duyne
     Wagner
     Walberg
     Walorski
     Waltz
     Weber (TX)
     Webster (FL)
     Wenstrup
     Westerman
     Williams (TX)
     Wilson (SC)
     Wittman
     Womack
     Zeldin

                             NOT VOTING--5

     Aderholt
     Hollingsworth
     Mast
     Meuser
     Palmer

                              {time}  1430

  So the resolution was agreed to.
  The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
  A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.


    Members Recorded Pursuant to House Resolution 8, 117th Congress

     Barragan (Beyer)
     Bass (Blunt Rochester)
     Brooks (Fleischmann)
     Brown (OH) (Beatty)
     Calvert (Valadao)
     Cardenas (Soto)
     Cawthorn (Gaetz)
     Crist (Wasserman Schultz)
     Evans (Beyer)
     Frankel, Lois (Wasserman Schultz)
     Gomez (Garcia (TX))
     Guest (Fleischmann)
     Jacobs (CA) (Correa)
     Johnson (SD) (LaHood)
     Johnson (TX) (Jeffries)
     Kim (CA) (Valadao)
     Kirkpatrick (Pallone)
     Lamb (Blunt Rochester)
     Leger Fernandez (Neguse)
     Loudermilk (Fleischmann)
     Lowenthal (Beyer)
     Mace (Donalds)
     McEachin (Beyer)
     Moore (WI) (Beyer)
     Moulton (Neguse)
     Payne (Pallone)
     Price (NC) (Manning)
     Ruiz (Correa)
     Ryan (Beyer)
     Sanchez (Garcia (TX))
     Sewell (Kelly (IL))
     Sherman (Beyer)
     Sires (Pallone)
     Spartz (Banks)
     Strickland (Takano)
     Suozzi (Beyer)
     Swalwell (Veasey)
     Taylor (Fallon)
     Torres (NY) (Blunt Rochester)
     Vargas (Takano)
     Walorski (Banks)
     Waters (Garcia (TX))
     Welch (Pallone)
     Wilson (FL) (Neguse)

                          ____________________