[Congressional Record Volume 168, Number 47 (Wednesday, March 16, 2022)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1196-S1199]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization Act of 2022
Mr. President, I am honored to join my colleagues Senators Murkowski
and Ernst and, of course, my friend and colleague Senator Feinstein to
celebrate the reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act, more
commonly known as VAWA. Yesterday, President Biden signed it into law.
This is a monumental achievement for the survivors of domestic sexual
violence and those who stand by them.
It is an achievement that wouldn't have been possible without
bipartisan cooperation. It, literally, would not have been possible. I
have been proud to work with my three colleagues whom I mentioned.
With this strengthened version of VAWA, we have helped to ensure that
every survivor in America, no matter where they live, will be able to
reach for a lifeline in a moment of crisis. We have expanded and
authorized services for rural survivors, survivors who need culturally
specific services, and LGBTQ survivors. We have reauthorized programs
that ensure survivors and their families can access housing,
healthcare, and essential support services. We have improved rape
prevention and education, as well as services and protections for young
survivors. We have enhanced critical protections for Native American
women and children who experience violence at the hands of non-Native
perpetrators.
It doesn't include everything we had hoped for. That is the nature of
legislation and compromise. I wish there had been stronger protections
for housing and economic assistance, but we had to find an agreement,
and we did.
The bill contains several important provisions to help boost
enforcement of our gun laws. I wish it would have finally closed the
so-called ``boyfriend loophole,'' but that was beyond our reach in this
effort.
The lack of those provisions could not attract enough bipartisan
support in the Senate to pass on their own. They will be saved for
another day.
For nearly 30 years, VAWA has transformed the way we address domestic
and sexual violence in America and saved countless lives. At a moment
when nearly one in three women--one in three--have experienced some
form of physical or sexual violence, a crisis that has grown worse
during the pandemic, VAWA is going to help save lives.
Let me tell you a story. My office received a letter from a woman
named Kesha, who works with Connections for Abused Women and their
Children in Chicago. Kesha told me that VAWA provides funding for
domestic violence services at Chicago's Haymarket Center, an amazing
agency I know full well.
She shared the story of Cassandra, who was receiving treatment at the
Center for Substance Abuse and disclosed to a counselor that she was
the victim of abusive treatment. Her counselor referred her to VAWA,
and that program gave her an opportunity to ``open up about the
emotional, financial, and physical abuse she had suffered for years at
the hands of [an] abusive husband.''
Kesha wrote:
After weeks of domestic violence psychoeducation, a
supportive network encouraging her, and her own personal
resilience, Cassandra decided that if she wanted to remain in
recovery and not relapse, [she had to find a new home, away
from her abuser.] With the help of her domestic violence
counselor, Cassandra was able to break free and transition
into temporary housing.
She has been able to gain financial independence and find a job. She
has remained on her path to recovery, a success story, and a reminder
that VAWA doesn't just help save lives, it gives survivors the power to
rebuild their own lives.
VAWA also provides funding for educational programming, and it has
done it so well.
I want to thank Senator Feinstein, Senator Ernst, and Senator
Murkowski for their partnership and tireless leadership in getting this
bill addressed, introduced, and across the finish line.
I want to thank their staff: Jessica Jensen, Senator Feinstein's
chief counsel, as well as Nick Xenakis, her former chief counsel; Corey
Becker and Kristina Sesek, Senator Ernst's legislative director and
general counsel; and Anna Dietderich, Senator Murkowski's legislative
assistant.
On my Judiciary Committee staff, I would like to give thanks
especially to Stephanie Trifone and Nicole McClain Walton and Chastidy
Burns.
I want to thank the other members of the committees of jurisdiction
and their staffs, along with Ranking Member Murkowski and the minority
staff on the Indian Affairs Committee,
[[Page S1197]]
chaired by Brian Schatz. They have done an extraordinarily good job, a
bipartisan job, when it comes to Native Americans.
Chair Murray and the staff of the HELP Committee, Chair Brown and the
staff of the Banking Committee, Chair Wyden and the staff of the
Finance Committee were part of this victory.
As you can see, this was a multicommittee team effort on both sides
of the aisle, and that is the only reason we can stand here today and
say we will continue to give hope to those who are struggling with
domestic violence and abuse.
I ask unanimous consent that Senators Ernst, Murkowski, and Feinstein
be permitted to speak for up to 10 minutes each prior to the cloture
vote on the Corely nomination.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
The Senator from Iowa.
Ms. ERNST. Mr. President, I want to thank my colleagues Senator
Durbin, Senator Feinstein, and Senator Murkowski for joining me on the
floor this morning to talk about a very important topic and one that we
can finally celebrate, which is the passage and the signing of the
Violence Against Women Act.
Nine years--it has been 9 years since the Violence Against Women Act
was reauthorized, but, finally, the Senate reauthorized and modernized
this very important bill.
Last week, the Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization Act of 2022
passed the House and the Senate, and yesterday, at long last, it was
signed into law.
I have been a proud champion of this bill over the last 3 years. And
while no bill is perfect, I am extremely grateful for the bipartisan
work to get it over the finish line.
This bill is personal. Many of you know my story. I am the one out of
three women who has experienced some form of physical violence by an
intimate partner.
Similarly, one in four men have had the same experience. This means
nearly 20 people per minute, more than 10 million women and men in the
United States every single year have suffered this horrific personal
abuse.
I am not a victim. I am a survivor. It took me a long time to say
those words out loud. And my hope is that with this bill some women
will never have to, and those who do will have the necessary support
and resources in a moment of crisis to cope with and ultimately
overcome their trauma.
The reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act is a bright
light in our current troubling reality.
The bill includes so many critical resources, especially in our rural
communities, that have been drastically overlooked.
Specifically, the bill doubles the support for both the rural
domestic violence assistance program and the Rape Prevention and
Education Program, both of which are of great importance to my home
State of Iowa.
And my sincere hope is that the resources contained in this new law
will finally help truly move the needle on domestic violence around the
country and that some of our Nation's most vulnerable will have access
to the support that they so desperately need.
To my colleagues, thank you, especially to Senators Feinstein,
Durbin, and Murkowski for your diligent work on domestic violence-
related issues over the years.
I also want to thank Republican Senators Cornyn, Collins, Capito,
Portman, Cramer, Tillis, Moran, Burr, and Blunt for supporting this
vital bill at introduction.
The negotiations were, at times--my colleagues will recognize this--
very tough, and there were several doubts along the way as to whether
the bill would actually ever happen. But with a little bit of tenacity
and good-faith negotiating, we got there.
To those who work every day around this great country to help
domestic violence survivors, including our law enforcement officers who
are answering those domestic violence calls, thank you.
While working at a victim's shelter answering the hotline in college,
I heard the heartbreaking stories of abuse. I understand this is your
daily reality. Please know your work is not going unnoticed and is
making a difference in the lives of those around you.
To all of the advocates, I greatly appreciate and respect your
passion for the causes you support. Your persistence made this bill
possible, and it made this bill better.
While the end result isn't perfect, it modernizes the resources
necessary to meet the evolving needs of our survivors.
This bill is proof that bipartisanship is not dead and Congress can
tackle these tough issues.
Finally, for my fellow Americans who can say they are survivors, for
those who have not come to terms with their abuse and for those who
feel trapped in their situation and for those who have lost their
battle, please know that you are not and will never be forgotten. The
Violence Against Women Act is for you.
Today, I join my fellow survivors, my colleagues, and our strong and
wonderful advocates across this country in celebrating VAWA's
reauthorization and its modernization.
Thank you to my dear colleagues for their wonderful work in helping
us get this over the finish line.
I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Alaska.
Ms. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I so appreciate the leadership, the
heart of Senator Ernst and the ability to work with my colleagues on
the other side of the aisle--Senator Durbin, Senator Feinstein--in this
effort towards reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act.
Thanks to the very open, very inclusive, and, really, a very
transparent process that we followed, the bipartisan support that was
built with this, we were able to include the VAWA reauthorization in
the Omnibus appropriations bill that passed the Senate last week with
68 votes.
That wasn't necessarily the path that we had set on. But we had work
to do, again, with extraordinary leadership from Senator Ernst, Senator
Durbin, Senator Feinstein, myself, who have been working on this for
years, but trying to build that collaborative effort, that negotiated
effort that would result in not a partisan bill but a bill that is
designed to help those survivors, designed to help the most vulnerable
at their time of need.
So there is great thanks that is due this afternoon as we recognize
the dedication, the leadership of, again, the cosponsors, the Members
that led this, but we all know we are backed by incredible men and
women who work very hard to get these initiatives built and across the
finish line.
Senator Durbin has named many of the staffs and general counsels, our
legislative assistants that made this happen.
I also want to recognize all those who were named, in addition to
those who are working on the Senate Indian Affairs Committee to help us
with that Tribal title. It was a collaborative effort that was really,
really tireless.
And I want to acknowledge Senator Ernst particularly. She worked
tirelessly over these last 3 years, working to ensure that women and
their safety--and, really, all those who are most vulnerable--their
safety is put first.
But to Senator Feinstein, Senator Durbin--invaluable partners putting
the politics aside, saying: We have to figure out how we are going to
make this happen, and they did so.
But we and our staff can't do near the job that needs to be done
without the advocacy and, again, this passionate grassroots advocacy
that we have all felt.
I want to recognize women like Tami Jerue from the Alaskan Native
Women's Resource Center; Michelle Demmert, Brenda Stanfield from the
Alaska Network on Domestic Violence. There were so many who urged us
along--in fact, so many who have flown 4,000 miles to come from Alaska
to be at a ceremony at the White House in recognition of this.
So Senator Ernst has said how personal this issue of domestic
violence is, and it is for so many. Half the women--half the women--in
the State of Alaska have experienced intimate partner, sexual violence,
or both.
The advocates know, I know, we know how imperative it is for Congress
to take action to reauthorize and to modernize this almost three-
decades-old law.
[[Page S1198]]
Again, we don't want to talk about statistics because these are
people--these are friends, these are mothers, daughters--but the
statistics are just so in your face.
Alaska Native women suffer the highest rate of forcible sexual
assault and have reported rates of domestic violence up to 10 times
higher than the national average.
In so many of the Native villages in my State in rural Alaska, they
have no law enforcement presence; so trying to prevent violence, trying
to protect or ensure justice for survivors is hard.
And so I really am very, very thankful for the work that Senator
Schatz committed to within the Senate Indian Affairs Committee to put
together a strong Tribal title in VAWA that would continue to empower
Tribal courts to help combat this major public safety issue affecting
Native people and children.
We have got a pretty complex jurisdictional landscape as the result
of our Native Claims Settlement Act, and the last time that VAWA was
reauthorized in 2013, Alaska was effectively left out. But today, we
have an Alaska solution to this jurisdictional maze. We call it the
Alaska Public Safety Empowerment pilot project that was included in the
Tribal title, and it is the product of years of work with Tribal
advocates, with the Department of Justice--some pretty smart lawyers
out there--and then good, strong work in the committee.
And what this pilot program will do is supplement the work that the
State of Alaska is doing with regard to public safety. It doesn't
create Indian Country in the State, it doesn't take away any
jurisdiction, but it will empower a limited number of Alaska Tribes to
exercise this special criminal jurisdiction over defendants who commit
certain crimes that we outline in the law that occur in Native villages
in the State.
Tribes selected to participate are going to have to meet specific
criteria that are set by the Department of Justice. They will have to
include a Tribal justice system that can adequately safeguard the right
of all defendants.
So I am optimistic. I believe that our Alaska Tribes are up to this
job. They are going to be good partners with the State, and they will
make a difference. They will make a difference, and they will provide
hope to so many in these communities that have felt without hope.
We are celebrating, again, passage of this law--the reauthorization,
the modernization. But for so many who have shown the bravery, the
strength, the resilience in the wake of unspeakable trauma--we know
that so many, again, of our friends have endured domestic violence,
dating violence, sexual assault, stalking. Many have survived, but so
many have not.
These women have endured physical, mental, emotional abuse. The
impacts don't necessarily fade away because the calendar moves on; but
on their journeys to recovery and healing, many have developed an
extraordinary inner strength to stand up and be advocates for
themselves and others, and they have spoken about their abuse, they
have sought the changes to VAWA to prevent the future tragedies and
hold perpetrators accountable, and we have heard them and their pleas
to improve access to essential support services, whether healthcare,
safe housing for victims--but we have also heard the cries of parents
and loved ones who lost those that they love so very much.
I am thinking of Butch and Cindy Moore right now. Butch and Cindy are
from Wasilla. They have spent--I swear, they have spent every moment of
their lives since they lost their beautiful daughter Bree, 20 years
old. They have been advocating for prevention efforts to ensure that no
parent experiences the loss of their child to teen dating violence.
Butch and Cindy have said:
As parents who have experienced the devastation of losing
our daughter, Bree Moore, to dating violence, we know
prevention is the key to keeping future generations safe from
interpersonal violence.
I know that Butch and Cindy are looking at this day and feeling that,
again, there is some hope. There is some hope.
This is a legislative win, but I think it is also a victory--a
victory for women everywhere--and we mark its passage in memory of both
those that we have lost and those that have survived.
This is the day where we recognize that this Congress can act in a
bipartisan manner to address the crisis of violence in our communities
by passing this reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act,
which is now law, now helping to protect women in Alaska and across the
country, and we thank all who helped us get here.
I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from California.
Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I rise today also in recognition of
the Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2022.
I am delighted President Biden signed it into law yesterday as part
of the omnibus spending bill.
It is important to know that this bill reauthorizes critical programs
that help respond to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual
assault, and stalking. It is long overdue, but today, this bill will
become law.
Last month, I introduced this reauthorization bill alongside Senators
Ernst, Durbin--both of whom are on the floor today--Murkowski, who is
also here today, and additional cosponsors.
A number of advocates joined us, including Angelina Jolie, to speak
about the importance of the legislation.
The bill we introduced and the bill we are passing today has really
strong bipartisan support, including that of 11 Republican cosponsors.
In addition to reauthorizing the Violence Against Women Act through
2027, the law includes bringing it up to date, and that is important.
It means that existing programs will be able to do an even better job
protecting and supporting survivors of domestic violence, dating
violence, sexual assault, and stalking.
It is the result of a truly bipartisan effort, and I want to thank
Senators Ernst, Durbin--both are on the floor--particularly Senator
Murkowski, for working with me to prepare this important piece of
legislation. I am very appreciative of the partnership because the law
will become a reality. We also had help from a number of our Senate
colleagues on both side of the aisle who made important contributions
to the effort.
This act plays a critical role supporting law enforcement in their
efforts to stop these perpetrators before it is too late. It
reauthorizes important programs and provides the necessary updates to
strengthen them.
So what does it do?
First, it enhances and expands services for survivors, including
survivors in rural communities, LGBT survivors, survivors with
disabilities, and survivors who experience abuse later in life. Older
people get a lot of violence.
It strengthens the criminal justice response to domestic violence,
including by improving the Justice Department's STOP grant program and
strengthening the ability of Tribal courts to address instances of
domestic violence on Tribal lands.
It also establishes a pilot program that focuses on addressing
domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking
through community-based, victim-initiated efforts to seek
accountability.
And the law invests in prevention education efforts that will improve
the healthcare system's response to sexual violence--we hope.
And these changes can have a real impact. Here is one example: The
International Association of Forensic Nurses reports that only one in
four U.S. hospitals has a sexual assault forensic nurse on duty--not a
special place but even one nurse on duty. Our bipartisan law remedies
this problem by providing additional funding and training to increase
access to forensic nurses, particularly in rural areas, where,
strangely enough, a lot of this violence takes place.
Through this bipartisan law, we will make significant improvements to
our Nation's response to domestic violence, but I want to caution
everybody, it isn't perfect.
I really regret that certain provisions were unable to be included in
this bill. In particular, I had hoped we could include a provision to
close the boyfriend loophole. Most people don't know that while
individuals convicted of domestic violence against a spouse are
prevented from purchasing a firearm, that is not the case for those
convicted of domestic violence against a dating partner.
[[Page S1199]]
We tried to get that part passed, and it is very disappointing that
there was not sufficient bipartisan support for this provision to close
what will remain a dangerous loophole.
So, clearly, we still have work to do. There are those of us who
follow these assaults carefully and make a determination where this
bill works and where it might need improvement, and I have just
suggested one. So we will watch those figures carefully.
I would like to thank the many advocates who provided valuable input
and support. This bill was written in close consultation with the
people who are on the frontlines helping survivors of domestic violence
every day.
For nearly 30 years, the Violence Against Women Act has played a
vital role in the Federal response to domestic violence, dating
violence, sexual assault, and stalking. As Katie Ray-Jones, the CEO of
the National Domestic Violence Hotline, noted, the Violence Against
Women Act provides services with ``a variety of options to meet their
evolving and complex needs for services and support.'' For example,
according to the National Network to End Domestic Violence, in a single
day in 2020, there were 76,525 survivors, in 1 day 75,000 women were
affected by domestic violence who received assistance thanks to
programs funded and supported by the Violence Against Women Act.
So despite the progress made over the last three decades, sexual,
emotional, and physical abuse are still painful realities for far too
many Americans. We need to say this over and over again. We need to
change minds and change actions.
More than one in three women and more than one in four men will
experience rape, physical violence, or stalking by an intimate partner
in their lifetime. According to the National Coalition Against Domestic
Violence in my home State of California, approximately 35 percent of
California women and 31 percent of California men will experience
violence from intimate partners in their lifetimes. That is an amazing
figure, if you think about it.
In conclusion, let me end with this: All too often, these instances
of domestic violence have fatal consequences. Every day, people are
killed by a current or former intimate partner. This law is long
overdue.
And I want to thank the Members who have spoken on the floor and all
those who voted for this law. We are glad to get it signed into law and
hope to put an end to some of this.