[Congressional Record Volume 167, Number 104 (Tuesday, June 15, 2021)]
[House]
[Pages H2807-H2812]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                         AMERICAN FAMILIES PLAN

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of 
January 4, 2021, the gentleman from New York (Mr. Bowman) is recognized 
for 60 minutes as the designee of the majority leader.


                             General Leave

  Mr. BOWMAN. Madam Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members 
have 5 legislative days to revise and extend their remarks and include 
extraneous material on the subject of my Special Order.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from New York?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. BOWMAN. Madam Speaker, tonight, I am pleased to be joined by many 
of my colleagues in the Congressional Progressive Caucus to talk about 
the long overdue investment we would need to make in the care economy, 
something that our infrastructure has always relied upon.
  I introduced the Care for All Agenda earlier this spring calling for 
the Federal Government to dramatically expand and strengthen the care 
economy.
  The American Families Plan outlines the next step we need to take to 
get there, which must include improving work conditions and 
compensation for care workers nationwide.
  The care economy impacts all of us: Our children, elderly loved ones, 
family members with disabilities, childcare workers, home health aides, 
nurses, and so many more. Care is something we all need at different 
stages in our lives.
  The care economy includes our essential workers who put their lives 
on the line every day during the most devastating global pandemic in a 
century. Many of us will be caregivers ourselves, if we haven't been 
one yet.
  Ask any working family about how hard it has been to find affordable, 
quality childcare even before COVID.
  Ask a childcare worker if they can afford to send their own child to 
the center they work at.
  Ask any one of the vast majority of workers who do not have paid 
family and medical leave how hard it is to care for a loved one who is 
ill while holding on to their job.
  Ask anyone who qualifies for long-term care under Medicaid but has 
been unable to access it due to the healthcare workforce shortage.
  Ask a home health aide how much they make hourly, and the need to 
redesign our care infrastructure will become abundantly clear.
  Just as our physical infrastructure is crumbling, the United States 
today suffers from a lack of care infrastructure. These two truths are 
intertwined.
  Our crumbling infrastructure disproportionately harms Black, Brown, 
Indigenous and low-income communities. The negative health impacts 
arising from fossil fuel use, industrial pollution, and toxic materials 
in our homes and schools are literally making us sick.
  We need to invest in eliminating carbon emissions, and we also need 
to invest in the caregivers we are counting on to heal us now.
  We are calling for a broader shift to a society based on care for the 
people, communities, and the planet we share.
  We are still grieving more than 600,000 lives lost to COVID in our 
country, many of them caregivers themselves. In this last year, we saw 
how badly we need a robust care economy and what happens when our 
investment in care doesn't match our needs.
  I know that for some, talking about caregiving as infrastructure 
sounds like a new idea and a ``nice to have.'' None of this work is 
new, and all of it is necessary.
  I have heard directly from New Yorkers who rely on caregivers every 
day; like a constituent of mine in Westchester, who was born with 
diastrophic dysplasia, and wrote in about how we need to do better by 
our caregivers and pay them a living wage. Now in her fifties, she 
qualifies for Medicaid and needs home-based care. The home health aide 
who cares for her has to work two additional jobs to make ends meet. 
That should give us all pause.
  One of the biggest champions for caregivers and domestic workers, Ai-
jen Poo, said that: ``The definition of infrastructure is that which 
enables society and the economy to function. So

[[Page H2808]]

what is more fundamental than the ability to take care of our loved 
ones?''
  Caregiving is almost always provided by women, especially Black and 
Brown women. This work has historically been made invisible, which 
creates opportunities for the exploitation and poverty wages many of 
our caregivers face without protection or recourse.
  When it comes to finding care, millions of families are left with no 
option but to figure it out, which we know so often means women not 
taking paid work in order to provide unpaid care for their own 
families.
  The American Families Plan will help us bring the care economy out of 
the shadows with key investments in childcare, paid leave, Medicaid, 
home and community-based services, and more.
  This goes so much deeper than making it possible for families to 
enter and remain in the workforce. We need to ask ourselves what kind 
of systems and structures we want in place not only for people to 
survive, but also to thrive and reach their full potential.
  Given how common it is to need care and not get it, we must ask 
ourselves: Are we, as a nation, structured to listen? Are we structured 
to care?
  We need to listen to the caregivers and the families who rely on them 
so that we make the most powerful investments that will not only boost 
our economy, but also allow us to heal and truly move forward as a 
society.
  We need to rebuild our Nation with a new foundation; a foundation 
rooted in love, care, and equality. That is the kind of thinking we 
need in the infrastructure package.
  Madam Speaker, I am pleased to yield to my other colleagues who will 
highlight other critical care economy needs. I yield to the gentlewoman 
from Washington (Ms. Jayapal), the chair of the Congressional 
Progressive Caucus.

  Ms. JAYAPAL. Madam Speaker, I thank Congressman Bowman for yielding 
to me and also for his tremendous leadership in the Progressive Caucus. 
We are so proud to welcome him into the Progressive Caucus, into 
Congress, and to have the benefit of his tremendous experience in 
education, in caregiving, on so many fronts. I am so proud to cosponsor 
the Care resolution with the gentleman. I think it is a very important 
statement.
  Madam Speaker, I am also very proud to be here as the chair of the 
Congressional Progressive Caucus. This is our Special Order hour that 
we get to devote to any topic that we want; and, today, it is a real 
privilege and an honor to devote it to the American Families Plan.
  Why?
  Because the American Families Plan and the American Jobs Plan are 
what this country needs and what this country wants. Democrats, 
Republicans, and Independents across the country have said clearly that 
they are ready for a big, bold investment that allows us, allows 
America, to build back better.
  That is what the President has proposed because, Madam Speaker, at 
the core of any society is how we care and look out for each other. 
That reality was made undeniably clear as we have struggled to overcome 
the COVID-19 pandemic, with over 600,000 deaths.
  And at the root of our recovery is how we look out for each other, 
how we give each other opportunities, how we ensure that America truly 
is a country where we are all better off when we are all better off.
  For me, coming to this country by myself at the age of 16, now 
getting to serve in the United States Congress as the first South 
Asian-American woman, I have watched how too many people across America 
do not have that opportunity. They do not have the investments that we, 
as a Federal Government, should make in order for them to be 
successful.
  Now, our care economy is broad. I am not just talking about essential 
healthcare providers, like nurses and doctors who cared for patients 
struck by COVID-19. I am talking about the broader care infrastructure, 
and that includes childcare. It includes home- and community-care 
services. And it includes providing everyone with basic paid family and 
medical leave and more.
  The American Families Plan also includes investing in healthcare for 
everyone across America, investing in education, the kind of education 
that gave me my opportunity to come here. We need to provide that 2 
years of free community college or college for people across this 
country so that they can get the additional skills they need.
  We need to invest in housing and, of course, we need to invest in 
this broader care economy.
  At the end of the day, our American Families Plan, the President's 
American Families Plan, the jobs plan, has to be about every person 
across this country, working-class, poor, people who are seeking 
opportunity, people who deserve to have the American Dream that is no 
more; to make sure that every person, White, Black, and Brown, with 
understanding that the disproportionate burden of our inequities and 
racial injustices in the United States have fallen on Black, Brown, and 
Indigenous people, we need to make sure that all people are taken care 
of and have opportunity.

                              {time}  1900

  Care infrastructure is the critical infrastructure that allows our 
families and communities to thrive and stay healthy.
  Take, for instance, the home care workers across the country who have 
been serving on the front lines of the pandemic. For those most 
vulnerable to COVID, such as people with disabilities and seniors, home 
care workers were often the difference between life and death. Home 
care workers allowed many of those most vulnerable to avoid congregate 
settings, like nursing and group homes, that saw a high spread of 
COVID.
  Yet, this critical workforce shrunk by 280,000 people at the 
beginning of the pandemic, despite an increasing need for home care 
services. That is why the Biden administration has proposed investing 
$400 billion to expand the home care workforce, something I was very 
proud to help negotiate last year as part of our Unity Task Force on 
healthcare.
  But we can't stop there, and the American Families Plan doesn't stop 
there. The American Families Plan also recognizes that the majority of 
caregivers, as Mr. Bowman said, are women and disproportionately women 
of color. Many of them are responsible for care at home, which is a 
huge reason why we have seen women forced out of the workforce in 
record numbers.
  In December 2020 alone, women accounted for nearly all the jobs lost, 
with a disproportionately high number of job losses coming from women 
of color.
  That is why we need robust investments in universal childcare. No 
family, regardless of income, should pay more than 7 percent of their 
income on childcare. And we have to eliminate administrative barriers, 
like work requirements, that make it much more difficult for low-income 
White, Black, Brown, and indigenous people to access childcare.
  Finally, we have to ensure strong labor standards for this care 
workforce. We cannot entrust people to care for the most valuable 
people in our lives and deny them a living wage, the right to join a 
union, and paid leave. These workers give our loved ones dignity. They 
give so many of us the ability to work outside of our homes to support 
our families.
  As we talk about domestic workers, I am so proud to have the Domestic 
Workers Bill of Rights that I have introduced in Congress. Let's 
remember that this care work is the work that allows all other work to 
be possible.
  This is an important moment for us to pass the American Families Plan 
to invest in education, to invest in healthcare, to lower the Medicare 
eligibility age, to take on prescription drugs, and to invest in this 
oh-so-important care economy. It is time to deliver for the American 
people so we continue to build back better and ensure that everyone has 
the support they need.
  Mr. BOWMAN. Madam Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from California 
(Mr. Takano), my friend.
  Mr. TAKANO. Madam Speaker, I thank the gentleman from New York for 
his work. We are indeed friends. We both were teachers, Mr. Bowman a 
principal. We are educators at heart.
  To recover from one of the worst economic crises we have faced as a 
Nation, we must invest in families, our care economy, and our Nation's 
childcare.
  For most American families, quality childcare and preschool are

[[Page H2809]]

unaffordable. In Riverside County, where my district, the 41st District 
of California, is located, it is unavailable. My district is a 
childcare desert. My constituents do not have childcare locations 
available, even if eligible, to help them care for their children while 
they attend school or work.
  It doesn't have to be this way, and it shouldn't be this way. In 
fact, we should use our path toward recovery as an opportunity to 
address the disparities communities like mine have been facing when it 
comes to affordable childcare options. The American Families Plan will 
secure universal access to preschool and will expand the supply of 
quality childcare options for all families.
  Studies have proven that quality preschool will positively impact 
children's cognitive, behavioral, and social-emotional development that 
is critical for their long-term success and mental health. If we are 
serious about investing in our children's education, we must provide 
universal preschool and affordable childcare for every child in need.
  Investing in preschool and affordable childcare will not only help 
our children, but will also greatly benefit our workforce. As more 
preschools and childcare centers are available, more families can get 
back to work without worrying about their child's well-being.
  This is our opportunity to help struggling families and take bold 
action to create a just and equitable post-COVID economy. I urge my 
colleagues to invest in our care economy by supporting the American 
Families Plan Act.
  We just can't go back to the way things were before. We have to be 
bold and act with urgency to give families and parents access to the 
resources they need to help our country bounce back stronger than ever 
before.
  Let me just close with a short anecdote, a short story. This happened 
on the weekend, the Friday before the Memorial Day weekend. I, as 
chairman of the Veterans' Affairs Committee, joined Secretary McDonough 
in a ceremony to honor our Nation's veterans at the Quantico cemetery. 
I met the commander of the base, who has responsibility not just for 
the Marine base that is there but also the FBI training center. There 
are a number of different facilities that are sort of associated with 
the base.
  We just got in a chat, and I wasn't fishing for any sort of answers 
from him or any information. But I said: What has been your biggest 
challenge, in terms of reopening your base?
  He said: Congressman, quite surprisingly to me, the biggest challenge 
has been childcare. That is what has held us back, and that has been my 
biggest challenge as a base commander.
  I said: Do you think other base commanders across the country have 
had the same challenge?
  He said: Yes.
  This challenge of providing quality childcare and preschool is 
something that is really holding our road to recovery back, and it is 
slowing it down. The American Families Plan is a sound and substantive 
answer to meeting this challenge.
  Mr. BOWMAN. Madam Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Pennsylvania 
(Mr. Evans), my friend.
  Mr. EVANS. Madam Speaker, I thank the gentleman from the great State 
of New York for his leadership. In such a short period of time, what he 
has demonstrated to all of us about being a leader, I applaud him for 
this.
  I am pleased to join with my colleagues in the Progressive Caucus as 
we continue to advocate for President Biden's American Families Plan 
and investing in the care economy.
  That means things like funding for high-quality, affordable 
childcare, including universal pre-K; making sure that childcare costs 
do not exceed 7 percent of income for working families; ensuring that 
childcare workers, who are largely women and people of color, have a 
$15 minimum wage--let me repeat that--ensuring that childcare workers, 
who are largely women and people of color, have a $15 minimum wage; and 
meaningful investments in Medicare home and community-based services, 
which would help workers in the home care industry.
  Everyone would like to say they are pro-family and pro-children. This 
is the chance to prove it.
  Earlier this month, I joined with SEIU members in Philadelphia to 
rally for passing $400 billion for caregiving. I told them funding for 
childcare and other caregiving is essential, since we actually want 
people to be able to go back to work.
  We started this year off big and bold with $1.9 trillion in the 
American Rescue Plan. That was a big step in the right direction. It 
was a down payment.
  The American people voted into office a Democratic President, a 
Democratic Senate, and a Democratic House. As we promise to build back 
better, they expect us to do more than just reset the calendar to 
February 2020. The old normal wasn't so great for millions of 
Americans, including many Philadelphians I represent. They deserve 
better than the old normal. The American Families Plan would do a lot 
to deliver on our promise. Let's get it done.
  Again, I thank Mr. Bowman for his leadership and the importance of 
this leadership and all the members of the Progressive Caucus 
demonstrating how we are going to lead the charge.
  Mr. BOWMAN. Madam Speaker, I now yield to the gentlewoman from 
Minnesota (Ms. Omar), my friend.
  Ms. OMAR. Madam Speaker, as our country recovers from this 
devastating pandemic, it is critical we prioritize our families. All 
working families deserve to thrive, and that starts with ensuring high-
quality, affordable childcare.
  This is a generational opportunity to invest in affordable, quality 
care for all children, and I urge my colleagues not to let it go to 
waste.
  Right now, the average cost of childcare for children under 5 is 
around $10,000 a year. This amount is even higher for infants. In my 
home State of Minnesota, we have some of the highest childcare costs in 
the Nation, ranking fourth in the country.
  A minimum-wage worker working full-time in my district in Minneapolis 
would have to work 30 weeks to cover the cost of childcare for one 
infant. This is unconscionable.
  As a mom, I know how difficult it can be to find affordable childcare 
options and how a lack of childcare impacts all aspects of life, 
including the ability to graduate from college while taking care of 
young children or even the ability to find a job and thrive.
  We need universal childcare and pre-K for all families, and we need 
to pay our childcare workers a living wage.
  Ensuring affordable, quality care for every child and family would 
stimulate the economy and have a lasting benefit for children's 
development and growth.
  The American Families Plan moves us closer to this goal by investing 
in universal preschool, ensuring childcare costs do not exceed 7 
percent of income for working families, and guarantees childcare 
workers make a $15 minimum wage.
  I urge my colleagues to ensure that women and families are not left 
behind in our recovery. Families across America are counting on us to 
do the right thing.
  Mr. BOWMAN. Madam Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Hawaii (Mr. 
Kahele), my brother.
  Mr. KAHELE. Madam Speaker, mahalo also to my brother and my freshman 
colleague from New York for allowing me this opportunity to speak about 
something really important in our country, and that is the American 
Families Plan.
  Today, I rise in support of our Nation's students, the future of 
America, an engaged generation of young Americans working to create a 
better future for our country. We must stand with them. The time is now 
to do that, as they embark on their journey to unlock their potential 
and achieve their dreams. But that journey starts with a quality 
education and the opportunity for higher education, the great equalizer 
in our society.

                              {time}  1915

  Now, our children wield tremendous potential and remind us to dream 
big. However, too many of our students do not have that opportunity 
because of the high costs of public higher education. Skyrocketing 
tuition, application fees, student fees, overpriced textbooks, meal 
plans, dorm plans all contribute to $1.4 trillion in crushing student 
debt and are barriers preventing all of America's children from 
pursuing higher education.
  The American Families Plan will change that. The American Families

[[Page H2810]]

Plan will enable the opportunity for every student across the country 
to obtain a degree or certificate through a community college for free.
  The American Families Plan is built to invest in our children from 
early childhood through postsecondary education. Most importantly, this 
plan recognizes the importance of investing in access to community 
college.
  Each year thousands of students in my home State of Hawaii benefit 
from community colleges across our islands, but unfortunately just 50 
percent of those students are able to complete a postsecondary degree 
of any kind within 6 years of enrolling. As a product of community 
college myself, and an educator, I know how these public institutions 
can positively impact our most disadvantaged communities, which is why 
for so long I have fought to remove barriers to higher education.
  The American Families Plan will redefine access to education, taking 
the long overdue step of ensuring 2 years of free community college for 
all students. This opportunity will invest in the future of our 
students, prepare them to compete and succeed in a highly competitive 
global economy, and level the playing field.
  Every child in our country deserves the opportunity to live the 
American Dream, but in order to achieve that, we must believe, all of 
us must believe that we all have a stake in each other's prosperity.
  President Biden's vision in the American Families Plan is a defining 
moment in our Nation's history and will give American children head 
starts and pave the way for the best-educated generation in U.S. 
history.
  America's students have an amazing opportunity to pursue education 
beyond high school. Let us give them that opportunity.
  Mahalo, Madam Speaker, and my colleague from New York.
  Mr. BOWMAN. Thank you so much, Mr. Kahele. I now yield to the 
gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Levin).
  Mr. LEVIN of Michigan. Madam Speaker, it is great to stand here with 
Representative Bowman, with our colleague Jan Schakowsky, with Mr. 
Kahele, with all of our brothers and sisters in Congress to say that we 
can and we must, and we will do so much better right now for our 
working parents, our workers, our kids.
  As we recover from the pandemic and Build Back Better, we can't 
forget about the people who make up what we call the care economy--
nursing home workers, home caregivers, childcare providers, and others 
who work every day to better the lives of other people.
  Why is care work so important? The care economy has been central to 
my own life. I started my career helping nursing home workers organize 
with SEIU, but I think most parents can tell you about the importance 
of childcare in their own words.
  Personally, I think back to the birth of my first son, Koby, and how 
so much of those early years were spent juggling schedules with my wife 
to raise our son. I would stay home with the baby during the day so 
Mary could teach in public school, and then she would rush home and tap 
in while I took law school classes in the afternoon and evening. 
Ultimately, we had three kids under 5 in the house and later four kids 
altogether. It was joyful and exhilarating, but it was challenging and 
there was just no way we could have done it alone.
  Providing quality childcare to every family in this country means 
providing every parent the opportunity to cherish raising their child 
or their children without fear of losing their income, of losing their 
job, of losing their career. Right now, in Michigan a year's worth of 
childcare for an infant costs well over $10,000 on average. Who can 
afford that?
  A record number of women have dropped out of the workforce during the 
pandemic. From August to September of last year alone, in one month, 
865,000 women left the workforce. They didn't become unemployed. They 
left the workforce because of their responsibility for caregiving. And 
job gains in the recovery so far are disproportionately going to men.
  In this crisis, we have an opportunity to Build Back Better and right 
this historic inequity. President Biden's American Families Plan and 
its investment in childcare won't just save families money by fully or 
partially covering their childcare costs. It will also create good-
paying jobs that will go predominantly to women and people of color.
  The poverty rate for early educators in my State of Michigan is 18.9 
percent, much higher, almost double compared to the 10.8 percent rate 
for Michigan workers overall. Nearly half of U.S. childcare workers 
receive public income support. These statistics are totally 
unacceptable.
  We need to take better care of the people taking care of our children 
and our seniors, and we can start by raising their wages to $15 an hour 
by 2025 with no subminimum wages. That would lead to higher quality 
care and allow workers to provide for their own families.
  Let's remember, high quality childcare and preschool don't just 
benefit working parents and the workers involved. They benefit our kids 
most of all. The data on the return on investment of investing in early 
education in childcare is overwhelming in terms of these kids' whole 
lives, their academic accomplishment, their earnings later in life.
  There is so much at stake. We can't afford to let childcare become a 
bargaining chip in the next round of negotiations. Strengthening 
families, creating jobs, and giving kids the support they need to 
thrive should be the centerpiece of our work, not an afterthought. I am 
thrilled that the President's plan recognizes that.
  Our work in this space won't end once we get the American Families 
Plan signed into law. I believe we need to create a system of free 
universal childcare and that our caregivers deserve far better pay, 
benefits, training, and protection across the board. The American 
Families Plan is a great start and brings us closer to that goal. Let's 
get it done.

  Madam Speaker, I thank Mr. Bowman for his leadership in this.
  Mr. BOWMAN. I now yield to the gentlewoman from Illinois (Ms. 
Schakowsky).
  Ms. SCHAKOWSKY. Madam Speaker, I appreciate Congressman Bowman's 
organizing this on behalf of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, 
which I am so proud to be a member of, and I really am grateful to him.
  Let me just say this in no uncertain terms. Care infrastructure is 
infrastructure, and it is especially true for women whose opportunities 
are often limited because we don't really have a working care economy 
right now.
  Every single day nearly 10,000 people turn 65 years old in the United 
States of America, and yet we do not have in the United States a long-
term-care policy. Think about it. The United States of America does not 
have a real long-term-care policy.
  Every family tries to figure out for itself, What are we going to do 
when grandma and grandpa get older? What are we going to do when I get 
older? What is the plan? Most people when they retire or have to retire 
actually don't have enough money to really make the kinds of decisions 
that they need to and will come up.
  Of the people who turn 65, between 50 and 70 percent at that time 
need some sort of support or care. Where does that come from? Let me be 
clear; it mostly comes from women.
  There is a sociologist who says many countries have a safety net; the 
United States has women. Paid and unpaid caregivers are women.
  Let's talk about the paid caregivers first. People who work in 
nursing homes, people who work in home care. They make an average of 
about $12 an hour, with no benefits. You can't live on that. They 
certainly can't plan for their retirement and to pay for someone to 
care for them.
  And so what do we do? It is pretty clear what has to be done, and 
actually the Biden administration has actually begun to do it, because 
everyone should be able to provide and care for their families at any 
age, for childcare, and certainly for long-term care for the elderly, 
which is a particular concern of mine.
  I am the co-chair of the Democratic Caucus Task Force on Aging and 
Families, and I am proud of that, coming up with proposals that are 
going to help our elderly. It is projected that right now we will need 
about 4 million additional caregivers, people who are either paid or 
unpaid, by 2028. That is just really around the corner. 4 million. We 
do not have enough.
  First of all, we have to pay the workers a living wage. Now, 
President Biden

[[Page H2811]]

has come up with a plan for $400 billion for home and community-based 
care. That is a lot of money. It can be a game changer.
  The idea is to be able to provide more money, more wages for those 
who suit up every day and go to work, and during the pandemic often in 
very dangerous situations where they don't have enough of the PPE, the 
personal protective equipment, to take care of them and protect them 
against the virus. They suit up every day and go to work and can barely 
take care of their own families.
  And what about all the women who have had to leave the workforce 
because they did not have anyone to care for their children or for 
their parents or both? The sandwich generation has to worry about 
making sure that they have someone to care for their children and 
someone who will help them to take care of their elderly relatives. 
That burden has fallen on women who have ended up having to leave the 
workforce.
  We need to act now. We need to act to fill this gap, to have a real 
program for long-term care, to have real help for childcare so that 
women can go to work to care for their families, to have the income 
that it really takes.
  This is not rocket science. It is that we need to pay attention. We 
need to have the policies in place. We need to have the infrastructure 
in place, the plan on how we are going to deliver the care that is 
needed. Without it, we will not be able to move forward economically in 
this country, and certainly women will pay, especially pay, the price, 
and often it is women that are low income, women of color that suffer.

                              {time}  1930

  So I am happy that we are seeing the Biden administration, we are 
seeing the Democrats, we are seeing the progressives move forward with 
that plan that will actually provide the infrastructure we need.
  And let me just end by saying that care infrastructure is 
infrastructure.
  Mr. BOWMAN. Madam Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from 
Massachusetts (Ms. Pressley), my friend and sister.
  Ms. PRESSLEY. Madam Speaker, I thank the gentleman from New York, my 
friend and colleague, for convening us this evening.
  Care work is the backbone of our Nation's economy. Yet, for too long, 
policymakers have failed to make the critical investments needed to 
ensure that everyone, at all stages of life, has access to the high-
quality care they need and deserve, and that our care workers are 
compensated for their essential work with livable wages. Their work is 
essential and so, too, are their lives.
  I rise today on behalf of our Nation's care workers, whose labor 
continues to be undervalued, undermined, and unprotected, despite its 
essential role in our society.
  I rise to lend my voice to the thousands of care workers, 
disproportionately Black and Brown women, who spend hours upon hours 
meeting the care needs of others, children, the elderly, and people 
with disabilities. Caregivers often juggling work while also providing 
care for their own families and struggling to cover the most basic of 
needs.
  I want to take a moment to speak specifically on the critical role of 
home and community-based services. During the COVID-19 crisis and long 
before, these services have been a lifeline, supporting people from all 
walks of life with critical medical care in their home or community. 
This is an issue of quality care, of healthcare justice, of disability 
justice, and of liberty.
  Again, throughout the pandemic, home and community-based services 
were a lifeline for so many, but the infrastructure needs resources. 
The Biden administration has proposed a historic investment in HCBS to 
meet the scale of the need and demand. This proposed investment is an 
investment in healthcare justice, but also an investment in human 
infrastructure, in our essential workers.
  We must make these services readily available and compensate our home 
care workers, the majority of whom are women of color, with a living 
wage.
  To build back better, we must center the people. We must invest in 
our communities and affirm that a better world is possible, a more just 
world, where every person can thrive.
  We have a once-in-a-generation opportunity to legislate our values 
and to create a more just and caring America that takes care of 
everyone who calls this great Nation home.
  Passing a robust infrastructure package that affirms care is 
infrastructure would leave a profound legacy.
  Today, on the floor of the House of Representatives, we reaffirm our 
commitment to building a nation where every person can live and thrive 
with dignity.
  As we craft a legislative response that actualizes that vision, we 
must make plain that what is needed in this moment of unprecedented 
economic crisis is bold, intentional legislation that recognizes the 
dignity and humanity of all workers, and affirms the right to 
meaningful, dignified work and a livable wage.
  Earlier this year, I introduced a congressional resolution calling 
for a Federal job guarantee, which would provide every person in 
America with an enforceable legal right to a quality job. Extending 
beyond a project-based approach, our resolution calls for the creation 
of Federal jobs on projects that meet long-neglected community, 
physical and human infrastructure needs, such as delivering high-
quality care for children and seniors, building and sustaining 21st 
century transit systems, strengthening our neighborhoods, and 
protecting the environment.
  That is the type of bold, necessary approach we should bring to this 
process and beyond.
  The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated many of these challenges and 
laid bare the deep inequities and disparities in our Nation.
  From paid family and medical leave to home and community-based 
services, to universal childcare, to a dignified living wage and 
beyond, the people demand responsive policy that speaks to their lived 
experiences and struggles. The people are counting on us to deliver.
  So let me make it plain: Any infrastructure package must deliver for 
our care workers, and it must take care of the people, because the care 
economy is critical infrastructure.
  In this moment, as we fight for a strong economic recovery, we must 
also work to build a better, a more just, and more equitable economy 
than ever before.
  Mr. BOWMAN. Madam Speaker, the American Families Plan recognizes that 
childcare is infrastructure, and that it is not enough to settle for 
any childcare that enables a parent to go to work. This needs to be 
high-quality childcare that every child can access.
  Babies are born learners, and it is well established by brain science 
that a child's environment and interactions in the first 1,000 days of 
life, whether positive or negative and long before they enter a 
kindergarten classroom, are highly formative during this critical 
period for learning and growth.
  When those formative early childhood experiences include inadequate 
nutrition, homelessness on other adverse childhood experiences, or 
ACEs, such as those brought on by a global pandemic, we know that a 
child's brain and body are changed in ways that are linked to poor 
health and learning outcomes later in life.
  Without reliable supports in place to buffer our kids from the 
stress, that stress can quickly turn toxic.
  The good news is that ACEs are preventable on a national scale if we 
are collectively willing to put in the investment worthy of our kids.
  As the Representative for New York's 16th District and a former 
educator and school leader, I believe our goal for healthy early 
childhood development needs to be more ambitious than the prevention of 
ACEs, which aims to protect our kids from the worse effects of stress 
and trauma. That should be the floor.

  We, ourselves, need to move past a scarcity framework and embrace a 
framework of shared abundance.
  That looks like affordable, reliable access to quality childcare 
where young children, in the context of an intergenerational community, 
are empowered to explore themselves and their world with pure wonder; 
where they grow into self-directed learners, collaborative leaders, and 
adaptive community-centered problem solvers.
  Madam Speaker, I now would like to speak a little bit about the child 
tax

[[Page H2812]]

credit. The child tax credit has been in place for years, and it is 
supposed to help offset the many expenses of raising children. This 
includes food, childcare, diapers, healthcare, clothing, and taxes.
  But before the American Rescue Plan, it wasn't accessible to the 
families who needed it most because it wasn't fully refundable. 
Families that didn't earn enough income could not benefit.
  The American Rescue Plan changed that when it enacted a much-needed 
expansion of the child tax credit, making it fully refundable and 
increasing the maximum credit from $2,000 per child to $3,000 per child 
up through age 17, and $3,600 per child for children under age 6.
  Because of the American Rescue Plan, nearly 66 million children will 
benefit from the child tax credit, making this the single largest 
contributor to reducing child poverty.
  In my district, which includes the Bronx and Westchester, 124,400 
children will gain from the expanded child tax credit.
  The average benefit for 41,800 households in my district is $2,800, 
lifting 9,200 children out of poverty and 4,700 children out of deep 
poverty.
  This is historic, but we can't be satisfied with reducing child 
poverty. We need to completely end child poverty and eliminate it.
  The American Families Plan would extend the child tax credit 
increases from the American Rescue Plan through 2025. The 
infrastructure we want for building back better shouldn't tolerate 
childhood poverty, and the American Families Plan moves us forward on 
that necessary path.
  Before I close, I want to use my time on the House floor to share the 
experience of a New Yorker who needs home care services and wrote into 
my office. Her experience seeking care paints a very telling picture 
about the state of our care economy, and makes the case for the strong 
investments in the American Families Plan that we have heard tonight.
  She shared that seniors and people with disabilities like her 
struggle to find the home care she needs because the job pays under $13 
an hour in most of New York State.
  One week into the COVID lockdown, her home health aide contracted the 
virus from a relative, a nursing home worker who contracted it through 
their own caregiving job.
  The first health aide has been unable to return to work because the 
virus has caused long-term complications from their immediate family 
members, for whom they are the primary caregiver.
  Just 1 week after her first health aide contracted the virus, a 
second health aide fell ill.
  While the second health aide did recover, the health aide's childcare 
provider closed permanently.
  The second health aide wants to return to work, but, due to the low 
wages, they are unable to afford childcare.
  Not being able to find a full-time health aide to provide her care 
means she is unable to receive assistance with all of her needs. Some 
days she only gets help to eat and use the toilet once per day. She 
cannot shower as frequently as she would like.
  She shared: ``I live in constant fear that should something happen to 
my health aide, that my literal independence will be taken from me 
overnight. I don't know when this situation will improve, and I have no 
other resources to lean on should my situation worsen.''
  The solution, however, is simple. We need home care jobs to be 
recognized and treated as quality, dignified jobs with family-
sustaining wages. If we pay home care workers a living wage, these jobs 
will be filled immediately because of the high demand. We need to 
ensure our home care jobs never become minimum wage jobs again.
  I want to thank her for sharing her personal experience and allowing 
me to share it tonight. It goes to show how connected and 
interdependent we all are on one another and the care economy.
  We need to meet this dire moment with a substantial, transformative 
investment in the care economy, and we must do that with the American 
Families Plan.
  Madam Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.

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