[Congressional Record Volume 167, Number 88 (Thursday, May 20, 2021)]
[Senate]
[Pages S3308-S3312]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 1914. Mr. BOOKER submitted an amendment intended to be proposed to 
amendment SA 1502 proposed by Mr. Schumer to the bill S. 1260, to 
establish a new Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the 
National Science Foundation, to establish a regional technology hub 
program, to require a strategy and report on economic security, 
science, research, innovation, manufacturing, and job creation, to 
establish a critical supply chain resiliency program, and for other 
purposes; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

        At the end of title II of division C, add the following:

                Subtitle D--Preventing Future Pandemics

     SEC. 3298. SHORT TITLE.

       This subtitle may be cited as the ``Preventing Future 
     Pandemics Act of 2021''.

     SEC. 3299. WILDLIFE MARKET DEFINED.

       In this subtitle:
       (1) The term ``wildlife market''--
       (A) means a commercial market--
       (i) where live mammalian or avian wildlife, or live 
     wildlife species listed pursuant to section 3299A(2), is 
     held, slaughtered, or sold for human consumption as food or 
     medicine, whether the animals originated in the wild or in a 
     captive environment; and
       (ii) that delivers a product in communities where 
     alternative nutritional or protein sources are readily 
     available; and
       (B) does not include--
       (i) markets in areas where no other practical alternative 
     sources of protein or meat exists, such as wildlife markets 
     in rural areas on which indigenous people and rural local 
     communities rely to feed themselves and their families;
       (ii) markets where the only live mammalian or avian 
     wildlife held, slaughtered, or sold are species listed 
     pursuant to section 3299A(1); and
       (iii) processors of dead wild game.
       (2) The term ``commercial trade in live wildlife''--
       (A) means commercial trade in live mammalian or avian 
     species, or any species listed pursuant to section 3299A(2), 
     for human consumption; and
       (B) does not include--
       (i) fish;
       (ii) invertebrates;
       (iii) other reptiles;
       (iv) other amphibians;
       (v) mammalian or avian species listed pursuant to section 
     3299A(1); and
       (vi) the meat of ruminant game species--

       (I) traded in markets in countries with effective 
     implementation and enforcement of scientifically based, 
     nationally implemented policies and legislation for 
     processing, transport, trade, marketing; and
       (II) sold after being slaughtered and processed under 
     sanitary conditions.

     SEC. 3299A. DETERMINATION OF RISK OF ZOONOTIC SPILLOVER FOR 
                   CERTAIN WILDLIFE SPECIES.

       The Director of the Centers for Disease Control and 
     Prevention, in coordination with the heads of other relevant 
     departments and agencies, including the Department of 
     Agriculture, the Department of the Interior, and the United 
     States Agency for International Development, after public 
     notice and comment, shall annually review, update as 
     necessary, and publicly release the following:
       (1) A list of mammal or bird species, if any, that the 
     Director determines does not present any risk of contributing 
     to spillover of zoonotic pathogens that are capable of 
     causing pandemics.
       (2) A list of reptile or amphibian species, if any, that 
     the Director determines present any risk of contributing to 
     spillover of zoonotic pathogens that are capable of causing 
     pandemics.

     SEC. 3299B. STUDY ON RISK OF WILDLIFE MARKETS ON THE 
                   EMERGENCE OF NOVEL VIRAL PATHOGENS.

       (a) Study.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, the Secretary 
     of Health and Human Services, and the Secretary of 
     Agriculture shall enter into an agreement with the National 
     Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to study the 
     risk wildlife markets pose to human health through the 
     emergence or reemergence of pathogens. The study shall 
     evaluate--
       (1) the impact of physical proximity to and the role of 
     human use of terrestrial wildlife for food or medicine on the 
     emergence or reemergence of pathogens, including novel 
     pathogens;
       (2) the conditions at live wildlife markets and within the 
     associated supply chain that elevate risk factors leading to 
     such emergence, reemergence, or transmission of pathogens; 
     and
       (3) the methods by which the United States might work with 
     international partners to effectively promote diversified 
     alternative sources of food and protein in communities that 
     rely upon the human use of wildlife as food or medicine for 
     subsistence, while ensuring that existing natural habitats 
     are not unduly encroached upon or destroyed as part of this 
     process.
       (b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
     agreement under subsection (a), the Secretaries described in 
     such subsection shall submit a report on the findings of the 
     study described in such subsection to--
       (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
     Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, and the Committee on 
     Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate; and
       (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
     Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on Agriculture of the 
     House of Representatives.

     SEC. 3299C. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

       It is the sense of Congress that global institutions, 
     including the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United 
     Nations (FAO), the World Organisation for Animal Health 
     (OIE), and the World Health Organization (WHO), together with 
     leading nongovernmental organizations, veterinary colleges, 
     and the United States Agency for International Development 
     (USAID), should promote the paradigm of One Health--the 
     integration of human health, animal health, agriculture, 
     ecosystems, and the environment as an effective and 
     integrated way to address the complexity of emerging disease 
     threats, and should support improved community health, 
     biodiversity conservation, forest conservation and 
     management, sustainable agriculture, and safety of livestock 
     production in developing countries, particularly in tropical 
     landscapes where there is an elevated risk of zoonotic 
     disease spill over.

     SEC. 3299D. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

       It is the policy of the United States to--
       (1) support the availability of scalable and sustainable 
     alternative sources of protein and nutrition for local 
     communities, where appropriate, in order to minimize human 
     reliance on the commercial trade in live wildlife and raw or 
     unprocessed wildlife parts and derivatives for human 
     consumption;
       (2) support foreign governments to--
       (A) prevent commercial trade in live wildlife and raw or 
     unprocessed wildlife parts and derivatives for human 
     consumption;
       (B) transition from the sale of such wildlife for human 
     consumption in markets and restaurants to alternate protein 
     and nutritional sources; and
       (C) establish and effectively manage protected and 
     conserved areas, particularly in countries with tropical 
     forest hotspots for emerging diseases, including indigenous 
     and community-conserved areas;

[[Page S3309]]

       (3) respect the rights and needs of indigenous people and 
     local communities dependent on such wildlife for nutritional 
     needs and food security; and
       (4) facilitate international cooperation by working with 
     international partners through intergovernmental, 
     international, and nongovernmental organizations such as the 
     United Nations to--
       (A) lead a resolution at the United Nations Security 
     Council or General Assembly and World Health Assembly 
     outlining the danger to human and animal health from emerging 
     zoonotic infectious diseases, with recommendations for 
     implementing the closure of wildlife markets and prevention 
     of the commercial trade in live wildlife for human 
     consumption except where the consumption of wildlife is 
     necessary for local food security or where such actions would 
     significantly disrupt a readily available and irreplaceable 
     food supply;
       (B) raise awareness on the dangerous potential of wildlife 
     markets as a source of zoonotic diseases and reduce demand 
     for the consumption of wildlife through evidence-based 
     behavior change programs, while ensuring that existing 
     wildlife habitat is not encroached upon or destroyed as part 
     of this process;
       (C) encourage and support alternative forms of sustainable 
     food production, farming, and shifts to sustainable sources 
     of protein and nutrition instead of terrestrial wildlife 
     where able and appropriate, and reduce consumer demand for 
     terrestrial wildlife through enhanced local and national food 
     systems, especially in areas where wildlife markets play a 
     significant role in meeting subsistence needs while ensuring 
     that existing wildlife habitat is not encroached upon or 
     destroyed as part of this process; and
       (D) strive to increase hygienic standards implemented in 
     markets around the globe, especially those specializing in 
     the sale of products intended for human consumption.

     SEC. 3299E. PREVENTION OF FUTURE ZOONOTIC SPILLOVER EVENTS.

       (a) In General.--The Secretary of State and the 
     Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
     Development, in consultation with the Director of the United 
     States Fish and Wildlife Service, the Secretary of 
     Agriculture, and the heads of other relevant departments and 
     agencies, shall work with foreign governments, multilateral 
     entities, intergovernmental organizations, international 
     partners, private sector partners, and nongovernmental 
     organizations to carry out the following activities:
       (1) Close wildlife markets and prevent commercial trade in 
     live wildlife and raw or unprocessed wildlife parts and 
     derivatives for human consumption, placing a priority focus 
     on tropical countries or countries with significant markets 
     for live wildlife for human consumption and on the following 
     wildlife trade activities:
       (A) High volume commercial trade and associated markets.
       (B) Trade in and across well connected urban centers.
       (C) Trade for luxury consumption as food or medicine or 
     where there is no dietary necessity by--
       (i) working through existing treaties, conventions, and 
     agreements to develop a new protocol or amend existing 
     protocols or agreements;
       (ii) expanding combating wildlife trafficking programs to 
     support enforcement of the closure of such markets and new 
     illegal markets in response to closures, and the prevention 
     of such trade including--

       (I) providing assistance to improve law enforcement;
       (II) detecting and deterring the illegal import, transit, 
     sale and export of wildlife;
       (III) strengthening such programs to assist countries 
     through legal reform;
       (IV) improving information sharing and enhancing 
     capabilities of participating foreign governments;
       (V) supporting efforts to change behavior and reduce demand 
     for such wildlife products; and
       (VI) leveraging United States private sector technologies 
     and expertise to scale and enhance enforcement responses to 
     detect and prevent such trade;

       (iii) leveraging strong United States bilateral 
     relationships to support new and existing inter-Ministerial 
     collaborations or Task Forces that can serve as regional One 
     Health models; and
       (iv) building local agricultural capacity by leveraging 
     expertise from the United States Department of Agriculture 
     and institutions of higher education with agricultural 
     expertise.
       (2) Prevent the degradation and fragmentation of forests 
     and other intact ecosystems to minimize interactions between 
     wildlife and human and livestock populations that could 
     contribute to spillover events and zoonotic disease 
     transmission, including by providing assistance or supporting 
     policies to--
       (A) conserve, protect, and restore the integrity of such 
     ecosystems;
       (B) support the rights and needs of Indigenous People and 
     local communities and their ability to continue their 
     effective stewardship of their traditional lands and 
     territories;
       (C) support the establishment and effective management of 
     protected areas, prioritizing highly intact areas; and
       (D) prevent activities that result in the destruction, 
     degradation, fragmentation, or conversion of intact forests 
     and other intact ecosystems and biodiversity strongholds, 
     including by governments, private sector entities, and 
     multilateral development financial institutions.
       (3) Offer alternative livelihood and worker training 
     programs and enterprise development to wildlife traders, 
     wildlife breeders, and local communities whose members are 
     engaged in the commercial trade in live wildlife for human 
     consumption.
       (4) Ensure that the rights of Indigenous Peoples and local 
     communities are respected and their authority to exercise 
     these rights is protected.
       (5) Strengthen global capacity for prevention and detection 
     of novel and existing zoonoses with pandemic potential.
       (6) Support the development of One Health systems at the 
     community level, particularly in emerging infectious disease 
     hotspots, through a collaborative, multisectoral, and 
     transdisciplinary approach that recognizes the 
     interconnections between people, animals, plants, and their 
     shared environment to achieve optimal health outcomes.
       (b) Activities.--
       (1) Global cooperation.--The United States Government, 
     working through the United Nations and its components, as 
     well as international organization such as Interpol and the 
     World Organisation for Animal Health, and in furtherance of 
     the policies described in section 3299D, shall--
       (A) collaboratively with other member states, issue 
     declarations, statements, and communiques urging countries to 
     close wildlife markets and prevent commercial trade in live 
     wildlife and raw or unprocessed wildlife parts and 
     derivatives for human consumption; and
       (B) urge increased enforcement of existing laws to end 
     wildlife trafficking.
       (2) International coalitions.--The Secretary of State shall 
     seek to build international coalitions focused on closing 
     wildlife markets and preventing commercial trade in live 
     wildlife for human consumption, with a focus on the following 
     efforts:
       (A) Providing assistance and advice to other governments in 
     the adoption of legislation and regulations to close wildlife 
     markets and associated trade.
       (B) Creating economic and enforcement pressure for the 
     immediate shut down of uncontrolled, unsanitary, or illicit 
     wildlife markets and their supply chains to prevent their 
     operation.
       (C) Providing assistance and guidance to other governments 
     on measures to prohibit the import, export, and domestic 
     commercial trade in live wildlife for the purpose of human 
     consumption.
       (D) Engaging and receiving guidance from key stakeholders 
     at the ministerial, local government, and civil society level 
     in countries that will be impacted by this subtitle and where 
     wildlife markets and associated wildlife trade is the 
     predominant source of meat or protein, in order to mitigate 
     the impact of any international efforts on food security, 
     local customs, conservation methods, or cultural norms.
       (3) Authorization of imposition of sanctions.--
       (A) Finding and report required.--
       (i) In general.--The Secretary of State shall submit a 
     report to the President if the Secretary, in consultation 
     with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the 
     Secretary of the Interior, and the Administrator of the 
     United States Agency for International Development, finds 
     that--

       (I) a foreign country--

       (aa) continues to license or enable commercial wildlife 
     markets; or
       (bb) does not enact regulations consistent with this 
     subtitle to ultimately eliminate those markets; or

       (II) nationals of a foreign country, based on credible 
     evidence, are trafficking or otherwise moving commercial 
     quantities of wildlife intended for human consumption.

       (ii) Monitoring and investigations.--In administering this 
     subparagraph, the Secretary of State, in consultation with 
     the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of 
     the Interior, and the Administrator of the United States 
     Agency for International Development, shall--

       (I) periodically monitor the activities of foreign entities 
     described in clause (i);
       (II) promptly investigate any activity by foreign entities 
     that, in the opinion of the Secretary, may be cause for 
     reporting under clause (i); and
       (III) promptly conclude, and reach a decision with respect 
     to, any investigation commenced under subclause (II).

       (iii) Transmission to congress.--Not later than 15 days 
     after submitting a report to the President under clause (i), 
     Secretary of State shall transmit the report to Congress.
       (B) Penalties.--After receiving a report under subparagraph 
     (A)(i) with respect to a country, the President may impose 
     such economic, diplomatic, or other penalties as the 
     President considers appropriate with respect to that country 
     or nationals of that country, including the following:
       (i) Prohibition on importation.--The President may direct 
     the Secretary of the Treasury to prohibit the importation 
     into the United States of any articles from the country for 
     such period of time as the President determines appropriate 
     and to the extent that such prohibition is permitted by the 
     World Trade Organization (as defined in section 2(8) of the 
     Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3501(8))) or pursuant 
     to the multilateral trade agreements (as defined in section 
     2(4) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 
     3501(4))).

[[Page S3310]]

       (ii) Exclusion from united states.--

       (I) In general.--The President may direct the Secretary of 
     State to deny a visa to, and the Secretary of Homeland 
     Security to exclude from the United States, any national 
     described in subparagraph (A)(i)(II).
       (II) Exception to comply with international obligations and 
     for law enforcement activities.--Subclause (I) shall not 
     apply with respect to an individual if admitting or paroling 
     the individual into the United States is necessary--

       (aa) to permit the United States to comply with the 
     Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, 
     signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force 
     November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United 
     States, or other applicable international obligations; or
       (bb) to carry out or assist law enforcement activity in the 
     United States.
       (iii) Blocking of property.--The President may exercise all 
     of the powers granted to the President under the 
     International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 
     et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all 
     transactions in property and interests in property of any 
     national of the country, if such property and interests in 
     property are in the United States, come within the United 
     States, or are or come within the possession or control of a 
     United States person.
       (iv) Prevention of access to international payment 
     channels.--The President may work with international partners 
     to prevent access to the Society for Worldwide Interbank 
     Financial Telecommunications (commonly known as ``SWIFT'') 
     network and other payment channels by any national of the 
     country.
       (C) Notification to congress.--Not later than 60 days after 
     receiving a report under subparagraph (A)(i) with respect to 
     a country--
       (i) the President shall notify Congress of any action taken 
     by the President pursuant to the report; and
       (ii) if the President decides not to direct the Secretary 
     of the Treasury to prohibit the importation of terrestrial 
     wildlife from the country, or directs the Secretary to 
     prohibit the importation of less than all fish, wildlife, or 
     related articles from the country, the President shall 
     include in the notification required by clause (i) a 
     statement of the reasons for that decision.
       (D) Periodic review and termination.--
       (i) Periodic review.--After submitting a report to the 
     President under subparagraph (A)(i) with respect to a 
     country, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
     Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of the 
     Interior, and the Administrator of the United States Agency 
     for International Development, shall periodically, but not 
     less frequently than every 2 years, review the actions of the 
     country and nationals of the country to determine if the 
     reasons for the finding of the Secretary under that 
     subparagraph still exist.
       (ii) Termination.--Upon making a determination under clause 
     (i) that the reasons for a finding under subparagraph (A)(i) 
     with respect to a country no longer exist, the Secretary of 
     State shall publish in the Federal Register notice of the 
     determination and a statement of the facts on which the 
     determination is based.
       (c) United States Agency for International Development.--
       (1) Sustainable food systems funding.--
       (A) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to any 
     other amounts provided for such purposes, there is authorized 
     to be appropriated such sums as necessary for each fiscal 
     year from 2021 through 2030 to the United States Agency for 
     International Development to reduce demand for consumption of 
     wildlife from wildlife markets and support shifts to 
     diversified alternative and sustainably produced sources of 
     food and protein in communities that rely upon the 
     consumption of wildlife for food security while ensuring that 
     existing wildlife habitat is not encroached upon or destroyed 
     as part of this process, using a multisectorial approach and 
     including support for demonstration programs.
       (B) Activities.--The Bureau for Economic Growth, Education, 
     and Environment, the Bureau for Resilience and Food Security, 
     and the Bureau for Global Health of the United States Agency 
     for International Development shall, in partnership with 
     United States institutions of higher education and 
     nongovernmental organizations, co-develop approaches focused 
     on safe, sustainable food systems that support and 
     incentivize the replacement of terrestrial wildlife in diets 
     while ensuring that existing wildlife habitat is not 
     encroached upon or destroyed as part of this process.
       (2) Addressing threats and causes of zoonotic disease 
     outbreaks.--The Administrator of the United States Agency for 
     International Development shall increase activities in USAID 
     programs related to biodiversity, combating wildlife 
     trafficking, sustainable landscapes, global health, food 
     security, and resilience in order to address the threats and 
     causes of zoonotic disease outbreaks, including through--
       (A) education;
       (B) capacity building;
       (C) strengthening human and wildlife health monitoring 
     systems of pathogens of zoonotic origin to support early 
     detection and reporting of novel and known pathogens for 
     emergency of zoonotic disease, and strengthening cross-
     sectoral collaboration to align risk reduction approaches;
       (D) improved domestic and wild animal disease monitoring 
     and control at production and market levels;
       (E) development of alternative livelihood opportunities 
     where possible;
       (F) preventing degradation and fragmentation of forests and 
     other intact ecosystems, particularly in tropical countries, 
     to prevent the creation of new pathways for zoonotic pathogen 
     transmission that arise from interactions between wildlife, 
     humans and livestock populations;
       (G) minimizing interactions between domestic livestock and 
     wild animals in markets and captive production;
       (H) supporting shifts from wildlife markets to diversified, 
     safe, affordable, and accessible alternative sources of 
     protein and nutrition through enhanced local and national 
     food systems while ensuring that existing wildlife habitat is 
     not encroached upon or destroyed as part of this process;
       (I) improving community health, forest management 
     practices, and safety of livestock production in tropical 
     landscapes, particularly in hotspots for zoonotic spillover 
     and emerging infectious diseases;
       (J) preventing degradation and fragmentation of forests and 
     other intact ecosystems, particularly in tropical countries, 
     to minimize interactions between wildlife, human and 
     livestock populations that could contribute to spillover 
     events and zoonotic disease transmission, including by 
     providing assistance or supporting policies to--
       (i) conserve, protect, and restore the integrity of such 
     ecosystems; and
       (ii) support the rights of Indigenous People and local 
     communities and their ability to continue their effective 
     stewardship of their intact traditional lands and 
     territories; and
       (K) other relevant activities described in section 3299D 
     that are within the mandate of USAID.
       (3) Immediate relief funding to stabilize protected 
     areas.--The Administrator of the United States Agency for 
     International Development is authorized to administer 
     immediate relief funding to stabilize protected areas and 
     conservancies.
       (d) Staffing Requirements.--The Administrator of the United 
     States Agency for International Development, in collaboration 
     with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, the United 
     States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health 
     Inspection Service, the Centers for Disease Control and 
     Prevention, and other Federal entities as appropriate, is 
     authorized to hire additional personnel--
       (1) to undertake programs aimed at reducing the risks of 
     endemic and emerging infectious diseases and exposure to 
     antimicrobial resistant pathogens;
       (2) to provide administrative support and resources to 
     ensure effective and efficient coordination of funding 
     opportunities and sharing of expertise from relevant USAID 
     bureaus and programs, including emerging pandemic threats;
       (3) to award funding to on-the-ground projects;
       (4) to provide project oversight to ensure accountability 
     and transparency in all phases of the award process; and
       (5) to undertake additional activities under this subtitle.
       (e) Reporting Requirements.--
       (1) United states department of state.--
       (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter until 
     2030, the Secretary of State shall submit to the Committee on 
     Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign 
     Affairs of the House of Representatives, a report--
       (i) describing--

       (I) the actions taken pursuant to this subtitle, including 
     through the application of findings and recommendations 
     generated from the study required by section 3299B and the 
     provision of United States technical assistance;
       (II) the impact and effectiveness of international 
     cooperation on shutting down wildlife markets;
       (III) the impact and effectiveness of international 
     cooperation on disrupting, deterring, and ultimately ending 
     wildlife trafficking; and
       (IV) the impact and effectiveness of international 
     cooperation on preventing the import, export, and domestic 
     commercial trade in live wildlife for the purpose of human 
     use as food or medicine, while accounting for the 
     differentiated needs of vulnerable populations who depend 
     upon such wildlife as a predominant source of meat or 
     protein; and

       (ii) identifying--

       (I) foreign countries that continue to enable the operation 
     of wildlife markets as defined by this subtitle and the 
     associated trade of wildlife products for human use as food 
     or medicine that feeds such markets;
       (II) foreign governments, networks, or individuals who aid 
     and abet or otherwise facilitate illicit wildlife 
     trafficking; and
       (III) recommendations for incentivizing or enforcing 
     compliance with laws and policies to close wildlife markets 
     and end the associated commercial trade in live wildlife for 
     human use as food or medicine, which may include visa 
     restrictions and other diplomatic or economic tools.

       (B) Form.--The report required under this paragraph shall 
     be submitted in unclassified form but may include a 
     classified annex.
       (2) United states agency for international development.--
     Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of 
     this Act, the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
     International Development shall

[[Page S3311]]

     submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report--
       (A) describing the actions taken pursuant to this subtitle;
       (B) describing the impact and effectiveness of key 
     strategies for reducing demand for consumption of such 
     wildlife and associated wildlife markets;
       (C) summarizing additional personnel hired with funding 
     authorized under this subtitle, including the number hired in 
     each bureau; and
       (D) describing partnerships developed with other 
     institutions of higher learning and nongovernmental 
     organizations.

     SEC. 3299F. PROHIBITION OF IMPORT, EXPORT, AND SALE OF 
                   CERTAIN LIVE WILD ANIMALS FOR HUMAN 
                   CONSUMPTION.

       (a) Prohibition.--
       (1) In general.--Chapter 3 of title 18, United States Code, 
     is amended by inserting after section 43 the following new 
     section:

     ``SEC. 44. PROHIBITION OF IMPORT, EXPORT, AND SALE OF CERTAIN 
                   LIVE WILD ANIMALS FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION.

       ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
       ``(1) the phrase `human consumption' shall include all 
     consumption as food or medicine except consumption that is 
     incidental to lawful hunting activity;
       ``(2) the term `live wild animal' means a live wild mammal, 
     bird, reptile, or amphibian, whether or not bred, hatched, or 
     born in captivity with the exception of ruminants; and
       ``(3) the term `wild' has the meaning given that term in 
     section 42.
       ``(b) Prohibitions.--It shall be unlawful for any person--
       ``(1) to import or export any live wild animal for human 
     consumption as food or medicine;
       ``(2) to sell for human consumption as food or medicine a 
     live wild animal, including through sale or purchase at a 
     live animal market; or
       ``(3) to attempt to commit any act described in paragraph 
     (1) or (2).
       ``(c) Penalties.--
       ``(1) In general.--Any person who knowingly violates 
     subsection (b) shall be fined not more than $100,000, 
     imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both.
       ``(2) Multiple violations.--Each violation of subsection 
     (b) shall constitute a separate offense.
       ``(3) Venue.--A violation of subsection (b) may be 
     prosecuted in the judicial district in which the violation 
     first occurred and any judicial district in which the 
     defendant sold the live wild animal.''.
       (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of sections for 
     chapter 3 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
     inserting after the item relating to section 43 the 
     following:

``44. Prohibition of import, export, and sale of certain live wild 
              animals for human consumption.''.
       (b) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
     carry out section 44 of title 18, United States Code, as 
     added by subsection (a), $35,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
     2021 through 2030.

     SEC. 3299G. LAW ENFORCEMENT ATTACHE DEPLOYMENT.

       (a) In General.--Beginning in fiscal year 2021, the 
     Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Director of the 
     United States Fish and Wildlife Service, in consultation with 
     the Secretary of State, shall require the Chief of Law 
     Enforcement of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service to 
     hire, train, and deploy not fewer than 50 new United States 
     Fish and Wildlife Service law enforcement attaches, and 
     appropriate additional support staff, at one or more United 
     States embassies, consulates, commands, or other facilities--
       (1) in one or more countries designated as a focus country 
     or a country of concern in the most recent report submitted 
     under section 201 of the Eliminate, Neutralize, and Disrupt 
     Wildlife Trafficking Act of 2016 (16 U.S.C. 7621); and
       (2) in such additional countries or regions, as determined 
     by the Secretary of Interior, that are known or suspected to 
     be a source of illegal trade of species listed--
       (A) as threatened species or endangered species under the 
     Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); or
       (B) under appendix I of the Convention on International 
     Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, done at 
     Washington March 3, 1973 (27 UST 1087; TIAS 8249).
       (b) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
     carry out this section $150,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
     2021 through 2030.

     SEC. 3299H. GLOBAL ZOONOTIC DISEASE TASK FORCE.

       (a) Establishment.--There is established a task force to be 
     known as the ``Global Zoonotic Disease Task Force''.
       (b) Duties of Task Force.--The duties of the Task Force 
     shall be to--
       (1) ensure an integrated approach across the Federal 
     Government and globally to the prevention of, early detection 
     of, preparedness for, and response to zoonotic spillover and 
     the outbreak and transmission of zoonotic diseases that may 
     pose a threat to global health security;
       (2) not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
     of this Act, develop and publish, on a publicly accessible 
     website, a plan for global biosecurity and zoonotic disease 
     prevention and response that leverages expertise in public 
     health, consumer education and communication, behavior 
     change, wildlife health, wildlife conservation, livestock 
     veterinary health, sustainable forest management, community-
     based conservation, rural food security, and indigenous 
     rights to coordinate zoonotic disease surveillance 
     internationally, including support for One Health 
     institutions around the world that can prevent and provide 
     early detection of zoonotic outbreaks; and
       (3) expand the scope of the implementation of the White 
     House's Global Health Security Strategy to more robustly 
     support the prevention of zoonotic spillover and respond to 
     zoonotic disease investigations and outbreaks by establishing 
     a 10-year strategy with specific Federal Government 
     international goals, priorities, and timelines for action, 
     including to--
       (A) recommend policy actions and mechanisms in developing 
     countries to reduce the risk of zoonotic spillover and 
     zoonotic disease emergence and transmission, including in 
     support of those activities described in section 3299E;
       (B) identify new mandates, authorities, and incentives 
     needed to strengthen the global zoonotic disease plan under 
     paragraph (2);
       (C) define and list priority areas as countries or regions 
     determined to be of high risk for zoonotic disease emergence 
     based on, but not limited to, factors that include wildlife 
     biodiversity, livestock production, human population density, 
     and active drivers of disease emergence such as land use 
     change, including forest degradation and loss, 
     intensification of livestock production and wildlife trade; 
     and
       (D) prioritize engagement in programs that target tropical 
     countries and regions experiencing high rates of biodiversity 
     loss, deforestation, forest degradation, and land conversion 
     and countries with significant markets for live wildlife for 
     human consumption.
       (c) Membership.--
       (1) In general.--The members of the task force established 
     pursuant to subsection (a) shall be composed of 
     representatives from each of the following agencies:
       (A) One permanent Chairperson at the level of Deputy 
     Assistant Secretary or above from the following agencies, to 
     rotate every 2 years in an order to be determined by the 
     Administrator:
       (i) The Department of Agriculture or the Animal and Plant 
     Health Inspection Service.
       (ii) The Department of Health and Human Services or the 
     Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
       (iii) The Department of the Interior or the United States 
     Fish and Wildlife Service.
       (iv) The Department of State or the United States Agency 
     for International Development.
       (v) The National Security Council.
       (B) At least 13 additional members, with at least 1 from 
     each of the following agencies:
       (i) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
       (ii) The Department of Agriculture.
       (iii) The Department of Defense.
       (iv) The Department of State.
       (v) The Environmental Protection Agency.
       (vi) The National Science Foundation.
       (vii) The National Institutes of Health.
       (viii) The National Institute of Standards and Technology.
       (ix) The Office of Science and Technology Policy.
       (x) The United States Agency for International Development.
       (xi) The United States Fish and Wildlife Service.
       (xii) Department of Homeland Security, FEMA.
       (xiii) United States Customs and Border Protection.
       (2) Timing of appointments.--Appointments to the Task Force 
     shall be made not later than 30 days after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act.
       (3) Terms.--
       (A) In general.--Each member shall be appointed for a term 
     of 2 years.
       (B) Vacancies.--Any member appointed to fill a vacancy 
     occurring before the expiration of the term for which the 
     member's predecessor was appointed shall be appointed only 
     for the remainder of that term. A member may serve after the 
     expiration of that term until a successor has been appointed.
       (d) Meeting.--
       (1) Initial meeting.--The Task Force shall hold its initial 
     meeting not later than 45 days after the final appointment of 
     all members under subsection (c)(2).
       (2) Meetings.--
       (A) In general.--The Task Force shall meet at the call of 
     the Chairperson.
       (B) Quorum.--Eight members of the Task Force shall 
     constitute a quorum, but a lesser number may hold hearings.
       (e) Compensation.--
       (1) Prohibition of compensation.--Except as provided in 
     paragraph (2), members of the Task Force may not receive 
     additional pay, allowances, or benefits by reason of their 
     service on the Task Force.
       (2) Travel expenses.--Each member shall receive travel 
     expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in 
     accordance with applicable provisions under subchapter I of 
     chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code.
       (f) Reports.--
       (1) Report to task force.--Not later than 6 months after 
     the enactment of this act and annually thereafter, the 
     Federal agencies listed in subsection (c), shall submit a 
     report to the Task Force containing a detailed statement with 
     respect to the results of any

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     programming within their agencies that addresses the goals of 
     zoonotic spillover and disease prevention.
       (2) Report to congress.--Not later than 1 year after the 
     date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, 
     the Task Force shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
     committees and the National Security Advisor a report 
     containing a detailed statement of the recommendations of the 
     Council pursuant to subsection (b).
       (g) FACA.--Section 14(a)(2)(B) of the Federal Advisory 
     Committee Act shall not apply to the Task Force. This task 
     force shall be authorized for 7 years after the enactment of 
     this Act, and up to an additional 2 years at the discretion 
     of the Task Force Chair.

     SEC. 3299I. RESERVATION OF RIGHTS.

       Nothing in this subtitle shall restrict or otherwise 
     prohibit--
       (1) legal and regulated hunting, fishing, or trapping 
     activities for sport or recreation; or
       (2) the lawful domestic and international transport of 
     legally harvested fish or wildlife trophies.
                                 ______