[Congressional Record Volume 167, Number 73 (Wednesday, April 28, 2021)]
[Senate]
[Pages S2282-S2284]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
LEGISLATIVE SESSION
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PROVIDING FOR CONGRESSIONAL DISAPPROVAL UNDER CHAPTER 8 OF TITLE 5,
UNITED STATES CODE, OF THE RULE SUBMITTED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AGENCY RELATING TO ``OIL AND NATURAL GAS SECTOR: EMISSION
STANDARDS FOR NEW, RECONSTRUCTED, AND MODIFIED SOURCES REVIEW''--
Continued
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the previous order, the Senate will now
resume legislative session.
The clerk will read the title of the joint resolution for the third
time.
The joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading
and was read the third time
s.j. res. 14
Mr. HEINRICH. Mr. President, Leader Chuck Schumer, Chairman Tom
Carper of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, Senator Angus
King, Senator Edward Markey and I are leading supporters and sponsors
of S.J. Res. 14, a joint resolution providing for congressional
disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule
submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to Oil and
Natural Gas Sector: Emission Standards for New, Reconstructed, and
Modified Sources Review, 85 Fed. Reg. 57,018, Sept. 14, 2020, also
known as methane rescission rule. We submit these comments to provide
the Senate with addit{onal information regarding the intent in adopting
this resolution.
The atmospheric buildup of greenhouse gases, such as methane, is
changing the climate at a pace and in a way that endangers human
health, society, our economy, and the natural environment. Specific
public health impacts of anthropogenic climate change include
respiratory harms associated with smoke inhalation from unprecedented
climate-driven forest fires, heat stroke, and other health effects of
increasingly frequent heat waves, and more widespread vector borne
diseases. Other public welfare impacts include displacing U.S.
communities by retreating snow and ice and rising sea levels, droughts
that impact agricultural production and farming communities, and
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changes in the frequency and intensity of heat waves, precipitation,
and extreme weather events that have a disproportionate impact on our
Nation most vulnerable.
A key chemical constituent of natural gas, methane is a leading
contributing cause of climate change. It is 28 to 36 times more
powerful than carbon dioxide in raising the Earth's surface temperature
when measured over a 100-year time scale and about 84 times more
powerful when measured over a 20-year timeframe.
Industrial sources emit greenhouse gases in great quantities, and
methane emissions from all segments of the oil and gas industry are
especially significant in their contribution to overall emissions
levels and surface temperature rise.
It is not possible to address the problem of rising global
atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations tEy achieving U.S. net
greenhouse gas neutrality. The United States cannot become greenhouse
gas neutral without reducing greenhouse gas emissions from all
industrial sources, regardless of the relative size of any one emission
source or the disparate locations of the points of emission.
Within this context, the methane rescission rule should be
disapproved by Congress. The rule finalized regulatory actions and
introduced legal interpretations that contravene the Clean Air Act and
congressional intent for EPA to take strong action to regulate and
abate greenhouse gas emissions, such as methane, from all sources.
S.J. Res. 14 renders the methane rescission rule's effect void and
demonstrates Congress's disapproval of the new findings of fact and
interpretations of law upon which this rule was based.
By adopting this resolution of disapproval, it is our view that
Congress reaffirms that the Clean Air Act requires EPA to act to
protect Americans from sources of climate pollution like methane, which
endangers the public's health and welfare.
In rejecting the methane rescission rule's misguided legal
interpretations, the resolution clarifies our intent that EPA should
regulate methane and other pollution emissions from all oil and gas
sources, including production, processing, transmission, and storage
segments under the authority of section 111 of the Clean Air Act.
In addition, we intend that section 111 of the Clean Air Act
obligates and provides EPA with the legal authority to regulate
existing sources of methane emissions in all of these segments.
In addition, we do not intend that section 111 of Clean Air Act
requires EPA to make a pollutant-specific significant contribution
finding before regulating emissions of a new pollutant from a listed
source category, although EPA could make such a finding if it chooses
to do so on a case-by-case basis.
Disapproval of the methane rescission rule does not preclude future
regulation under section 111 of the Clean Air Act of methane, VOCs or
other pollution from the oil and gas industry. This resolution
nullifies a rule that strips away public health and welfare protections
and deregulates the oil and gas industry. Any future rule that imposes
regulatory requirements on the oil and gas industry, provides
additional public health and welfare protections, or establishes or
strengthens standards on sources of methane and other pollutant
emissions would have the opposite intent and effect of the methane
rescission rule and therefore cannot be construed as ``substantially
the same'' as the methane rescission rule.
In fact, with the congressional adoption of this resolution, we
encourage EPA to strengthen the standards we reinstate and aggressively
regulate methane and other pollution emissions from new, modified, and
existing sources throughout the production, processing, transmission,
and storage segments of the oil and gas industry under section 111 of
the Clean Air Act.
The welfare of our planet and of our communities depend on it.
Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Madam President, I rise today in support of the joint
resolution of disapproval, which would reinstate critical regulations
on methane emissions from the oil and gas industry.
Last summer, the Trump administration finalized a midnight rule that
weakened and in some cases altogether eliminated requirements that oil
and natural gas companies limit methane and volatile organic compound
emissions from their operations. This action was taken despite
methane's proven harmful impacts on air quality, health, and climate
change.
Methane leaks from oil and gas wells are often accompanied by leaks
of harmful carcinogens like benzene, resulting in health effects for
the most vulnerable, including children and seniors. My home State of
California is still dealing with the fallout of the Aliso Canyon gas
leak--the worst gas leak in U.S. history-during which more than 100,000
metric tons of methane was emitted into the air. Many nearby residents
reported having headaches, bloody noses, nausea, and rashes.
Methane also has more than 80 times the global warming potential of
carbon dioxide and accounts for 10 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas
emissions. According to one study, the Trump aministration action will
result in methane leaks equivalent to up to 592 million metric tons of
carbon dioxide. This will have irreversible effects on our climate.
In California, we are already experiencing the destructive effects of
climate change. California has seen recordbreaking and devastating
droughts, floods, and wildfires. These disasters cannot be separated
from global warming and the emissions of greenhouse gasses that cause
it.
I am glad to see Congress taking action to reinstate necessary
regulations on methane emissions, and I look forward to taking
additional action, along with my conngressional colleagues, to combat
climate change and ensure clean air for all Americans.
I encourage my colleagues to vote in favor of this resolution.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The majority leader.
Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, now, as we approach the 100-day mark of
this new Congress, the Senate is about to take its first major step in
fighting climate change. In a moment, the Senate will vote on
reinstating commonsense rules to reduce methane emissions. It will be
the first time the Senate Democratic majority has used the
Congressional Review Act, and it is no mistake that we have chosen to
use the law first and foremost on the subject of climate change.
Under this Democratic majority, the Senate will be a place where we
take decisive, ambitious, and effective action against climate change.
Of course, reducing methane emissions is not the only thing we need to
do to fight climate change, but it is a very significant and large
first step.
Methane accounts for roughly a quarter of all the human-caused global
warming that has transpired since the Industrial Revolution. Restoring
these methane-reducing rules will be one of the most significant
climate actions that the Senate has taken in more than a decade.
I urge my colleagues to vote yes and commend Senators Heinrich, King,
and Markey for their great work on this issue.
I ask for the yeas and nays.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a sufficient second?
There appears to be a sufficient second.
The joint resolution having been read the third time, the question
is, Shall the joint resolution pass?
The clerk will call the roll.
The senior assistant legislative clerk called the roll.
Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from Washington (Ms.
Cantwell) is necessarily absent.
Mr. THUNE. The following Senators are necessarily absent: the Senator
from North Dakota (Mr. Cramer), the Senator from Kentucky (Mr. Paul),
the Senator from South Dakota (Mr. Rounds), the Senator from Alabama
(Mr. Shelby), and the Senator from Pennsylvania (Mr. Toomey).
Further, if present and voting, the Senator from Pennsylvania (Mr.
Toomey) would have voted ``nay.''
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. Smith). Are there any other Senators in
the Chamber desiring to vote or change their vote?
The result was announced--yeas 52, nays 42, as follows:
[Rollcall Vote No. 175 Leg.]
YEAS--52
Baldwin
Bennet
Blumenthal
Booker
Brown
Cardin
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Carper
Casey
Collins
Coons
Cortez Masto
Duckworth
Durbin
Feinstein
Gillibrand
Graham
Hassan
Heinrich
Hickenlooper
Hirono
Kaine
Kelly
King
Klobuchar
Leahy
Lujan
Manchin
Markey
Menendez
Merkley
Murphy
Murray
Ossoff
Padilla
Peters
Portman
Reed
Rosen
Sanders
Schatz
Schumer
Shaheen
Sinema
Smith
Stabenow
Tester
Van Hollen
Warner
Warnock
Warren
Whitehouse
Wyden
NAYS--42
Barrasso
Blackburn
Blunt
Boozman
Braun
Burr
Capito
Cassidy
Cornyn
Cotton
Crapo
Cruz
Daines
Ernst
Fischer
Grassley
Hagerty
Hawley
Hoeven
Hyde-Smith
Inhofe
Johnson
Kennedy
Lankford
Lee
Lummis
Marshall
McConnell
Moran
Murkowski
Risch
Romney
Rubio
Sasse
Scott (FL)
Scott (SC)
Sullivan
Thune
Tillis
Tuberville
Wicker
Young
NOT VOTING--6
Cantwell
Cramer
Paul
Rounds
Shelby
Toomey
The joint resolution (S.J. Res. 14) was passed, as follows:
S.J. Res 14
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled, That Congress
disapproves the rule submitted by the Administrator of the
Environmental Protection Agency relating to ``Oil and Natural
Gas Sector: Emission Standards for New, Reconstructed, and
Modified Sources Review'' (85 Fed. Reg. 57018 (September 14,
2020)), and such rule shall have no force or effect.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the previous order, the motion to
reconsider is considered made and laid upon the table.
The Senator from Delaware.
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