[Congressional Record Volume 166, Number 178 (Monday, October 19, 2020)]
[Senate]
[Pages S6062-S6064]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                        ARMS SALES NOTIFICATION

  Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, section 36(b) of the Arms Export Control 
Act requires that Congress receive prior notification of certain 
proposed arms sales as defined by that statute. Upon such notification, 
the Congress has 30 calendar days during which the sale may be 
reviewed. The provision stipulates that, in the Senate, the 
notification of proposed sales shall be sent to the chairman of the 
Senate Foreign Relations Committee.
  In keeping with the committee's intention to see that relevant 
information is available to the full Senate, I ask unanimous consent to 
have printed in the Record the notifications which have been received. 
If the cover letter references a classified annex, then such annex is 
available to all Senators in the office of the Foreign Relations 
Committee, room SD-423.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

                                                  Defense Security


                                           Cooperation Agency,

                                                    Arlington, VA.
     Hon. James E. Risch,
     Chairman, Committee on Foreign Relations,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
       Dear Mr. Chairman: Pursuant to the reporting requirements 
     of Section 36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act, as 
     amended, we are forwarding herewith Transmittal No. 20-66 
     concerning the Air Force's proposed Letter(s) of Offer and 
     Acceptance to the Government of Finland for defense articles 
     and services estimated to cost $12.5 billion. After this 
     letter is delivered to your office, we plan to issue a news 
     release to notify the public of this proposed sale.
           Sincerely,
                                                   Heidi H. Grant,
                                                         Director.
       Enclosures.


                         Transmittal No. 20-66

     Notice of Proposed Issuance of Letter of Offer Pursuant to 
         Section 36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act, as 
         amended
       (i) Prospective Purchaser: Government of Finland.
       (ii) Total Estimated Value:
       Major Defense Equipment* $8.4 billion.
       Other $4.1 billion.
       Total $12.5 billion.
       (iii) Description and Quantity or Quantities of Articles or 
     Services under Consideration for Purchase:
       Major Defense Equipment (MDE):
       Sixty-four (64) F-35 Joint Strike Fighter CTOL Aircraft.
       Sixty-six (66) Pratt & Whitney F-135 Engines (64 installed 
     and 2 spares).
       Five hundred (500) GBU-53/B Small Diameter Bomb II (SDOB 
     II) All-Up Round (AUR).
       Twelve (12) GBU-53/B SDB II Guided Test Vehicles (GTV).
       Twelve (12) GBU-53/B SDB II Captive Carry Vehicles (CCV).
       One hundred fifty (150) Sidewinder, AIM-9X Block II+ (Plus) 
     Tactical Missiles.
       Thirty-two (32) Sidewinder, AIM-9X Block II+ (Plus) Captive 
     Air Training Missiles (CATMs).
       Thirty (30) AIM-9X Block II+ (Plus) Sidewinder Tactical 
     Guidance Units.
       Eight (8) AIM-9X Block II Sidewinder CATM Guidance Units.
       One hundred (100) AGM-154C-1 Joint Stand Off Weapon (JSOW-
     Cl) Tactical Missiles.
       Two hundred (200) Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile-
     Extended Range (JASSM-ER) AGM-l 58B-2 Missiles.
       Two (2) AGM-158B-2 JASSM-ER Separation Test Vehicles.
       Two (2) AGM-158B-2 JASSM-ER Instrumented Test Vehicles.
       Two (2) AGM-158B-2 JASSM-ER Jettison Test Vehicles.
       Two (2) AGM-158B-2 Inert JASSM w/Intelligent Telemetry 
     Instrumentation Kits.
       Two (2) AGM-158 Dummy Air Training Missiles.
       One hundred twenty (120) KMU-556 JDAM Guidance Kits for 
     GBU-31.
       Three hundred (300) FMU-139D/B Fuzes.
       Two (2) KMU-556(D-2)/B Trainer JDAM Guidance Kits for GBU-
     31.
       Thirty (30) KMU-557 JDAM Guidance Kits for GBU-31.
       One hundred fifty (150) KMU-572 JDAM Guidance Kits for GBU-
     38/54.
       One hundred twenty (120) BLU-117, General Purpose Bomb.
       Thirty-two (32) BLU-109, General Purpose Bomb.
       One hundred fifty (150) BLU-111, General Purpose Bomb.
       Six (6) MK-82, Inert Bomb.
       One (1) FMU-139D/B (D-1) Inert Fuze.
       Non-MDOE: Also included are Electronic Warfare Systems; 
     Command, Control, Communications, Computer and Intelligence/
     Communications, Navigational, and Identification (C4I/CNI); 
     Autonomic Logistics Global Support System (ALGS); Operational 
     Data Integrated Network (ODIN); Air System Training Devices; 
     Weapons Employment Capability and other Subsystems, Features, 
     and Capabilities; F-35 unique infrared flares; reprogramming 
     center access; F-35 Performance Based Logistics; software 
     development/integration; aircraft ferry and tanker support; 
     Detector Laser DSU-38A/B, Detector Laser DSU-38A(D-2)/B, KMU-
     572(D-2)/B Trainer (JDAM), 40 inch Wing Release Lanyard; GBU-
     53/B SDB II Weapon Load Crew Trainers (WLCT); GBU-53/B SDB II 
     Practical Explosive Ordnance Disposal System Trainers (PEST); 
     AGM-154C-1 JSOW Captive Flight Vehicles; AGM-154C-1 JSOW 
     Dummy Air Training Missiles; AGM-154C-1 JSOW mission 
     planning, integration support and testing, munitions storage 
     security and training, weapon operational flight program 
     software development; integration of the Joint Strike 
     Missile; weapons containers; aircraft and munitions support 
     and test equipment; communications equipment; provisioning, 
     spares and repair parts; weapons repair and return support; 
     personnel training and training equipment; weapon systems 
     software, publications and technical documents; U.S. 
     Government and contractor engineering, technical, and 
     logistics support services; and other related elements of 
     logistical and program support.
       (iv) Military Department: Air Force (FI-D-SAB; FI-D-Y AB, 
     FI-D-Y AE, FI-D-Y AJ); Navy (FI-P-AAQ, FI-P-AAS).
       (v) Prior Related Cases, if any: None.
       (vi) Sales Commission, Fee, etc., Paid, Offered, or Agreed 
     to be Paid: None.
       (vii) Sensitivity of Technology Contained in the Defense 
     Article or Defense Services Proposed to be Sold: See Attached 
     Annex.
       (viii) Date Report Delivered to Congress: October 9, 2020.
       *1AAs defined in Section 47(6) of the Arms Export Control 
     Act.


                          POLICY JUSTIFICATION

 Finland--F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Aircraft with Air-to-Air Missiles 
              and Air-to-Ground Precision Guided Munitions

       The Government of Finland has requested to buy sixty-four 
     (64) F-35 Joint Strike Fighter CTOL aircraft; sixty-six (66) 
     Pratt & Whitney F-135 engines (64 installed and 2 spares); 
     five hundred (500) GBU-53/B Small Diameter Bomb II (SDB II) 
     All-Up Round (AUR); twelve (12) GBU-53/B SDB II Guided Test 
     Vehicles (GTV); twelve (12) GBU-53/B SDB II Captive Carry 
     Vehicles (CCV); one hundred fifty (150) Sidewinder AIM-9X 
     Block II+ (Plus) Tactical Missiles; thirty-two (32) 
     Sidewinder AIM-9X Block II+ (Plus) Captive Air Training 
     Missiles (CATMs); thirty (30) AIM-9X Block II+ (Plus) 
     Sidewinder Tactical Guidance Units; eight (8) AIM-9X Block II 
     Sidewinder CATM Guidance Units; one hundred (100) AGM-154C-1 
     Joint Stand Off Weapon (JSOW-C1) Tactical Missiles; two 
     hundred (200) Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile-Extended 
     Range (JASSM-ER) AGM-158B-2 Missiles; two (2) AGM-158B-2 
     JASSM-ER Separation Test Vehicles; two (2) AGM-158B-2 JASSMER 
     Instrumented Test Vehicles; two (2) AGM-158B-2 JASSM-ER 
     Jettison Test Vehicles; two (2) AGM-158B-2 Inert JASSM w/
     Intelligent Telemetry Instrumentation Kits; two (2) AGM-158 
     Dummy Air Training Missiles; one hundred twenty (120) KMU-556 
     JDAM Guidance Kits for GBU-31; three hundred (300) FMU-139D/B 
     Fuzes; two (2) KMU-556(D-2)/B Trainer JDAM Guidance Kits for 
     GBU-31; thirty (30) KMU-557 JDAM Guidance Kits for GBU-31; 
     one hundred fifty (150) KMU-572 JDAM Guidance Kits for GBU-
     38/54; one hundred twenty (120) BLU-117, General Purpose 
     Bombs; thirty-two (32) BLU-109, General Purpose Bomb; one 
     hundred fifty (150) BLU-111, General Purpose Bomb; six (6) 
     MK-82, Inert Bomb; one (1) FMU-139D/B (D-1) Inert Fuze. Also 
     included are Electronic Warfare Systems; Command, Control, 
     Communications, Computer and Intelligence/Communications, 
     Navigational, and Identification (C4I/CNI); Autonomic 
     Logistics Global Support System (ALGS); Operational Data 
     Integrated Network (ODIN); Air System Training Devices; 
     Weapons Employment Capability and other Subsystems, Features, 
     and Capabilities; F-35 unique infrared flares; reprogramming 
     center access; F-35 Performance Based Logistics; software 
     development/integration; aircraft ferry and tanker support; 
     Detector Laser DSU-38A/B, Detector Laser DSU-38A(D-2)/B, KMU-
     572(D-2)/B Trainer (JDAM), 40 inch Wing Release Lanyard; GBU-
     53/B SDB II Weapon Load Crew Trainers (WLCT); GBU-53/B SDB II 
     Practical Explosive Ordnance Disposal System Trainers (PEST); 
     AGM-154C-l JSOW Captive Flight Vehicles; AGM-154C-1 JSOW 
     Dummy Air Training Missiles; AGM-154C-1 JSOW mission 
     planning, integration support and testing, munitions storage 
     security and training, weapon operational flight program 
     software development; integration of the Joint Strike 
     Missile; weapons containers; aircraft and munitions support 
     and test equipment; communications equipment; provisioning, 
     spares and repair parts; weapons repair and return support; 
     personnel training and training equipment; weapon systems 
     software, publications and technical documents; U.S. 
     Government and contractor engineering, technical, and 
     logistics support services; and other related elements of 
     logistical and program support. The total estimated cost is 
     $12.5 billion.
       This proposed sale will support the foreign policy and 
     national security of the United

[[Page S6063]]

     States by improving the security of a trusted partner which 
     is an important force for political stability and economic 
     progress in Europe. It is vital to the U.S. national interest 
     to assist Finland in developing and maintaining a strong and 
     ready self-defense capability.
       The proposed sale of F-35s and associated missiles and 
     munitions will provide Finland with a credible defense 
     capability to deter aggression in the region and ensure 
     interoperability with U.S. forces. The proposed sale will 
     replace Finland's retiring F/A-18s and enhance its air-to-air 
     and air-to-ground self-defense capability. Finland will have 
     no difficulty absorbing these aircraft into its armed forces.
       The proposed sale of this equipment and support will not 
     alter the basic military balance in the region.
       The prime contractors will be Lockheed Martin Aeronautics 
     Company, Fort Worth, TX; Pratt & Whitney Military Engines, 
     East Hartford, CT; The Boeing Company, St. Charles, MO; and 
     Raytheon Missiles and Defense, Tucson, AZ. This proposal is 
     being offered in the context of a competition. If the 
     proposal is accepted, it is expected that offset agreements 
     will be required. Any offset agreement will be defined in 
     negotiations between the purchaser and the contractor(s).
       Implementation of this proposed sale will require multiple 
     trips to Finland involving U.S. Government and contractor 
     representatives for technical reviews/support, program 
     management and training over the life of the program. U.S. 
     contractor representatives will be required in Finland to 
     conduct Contractor Engineering Technical Services (CETS) and 
     Autonomic Logistics and Global Support (ALGS) for after-
     aircraft delivery.
       There will be no adverse impact on U.S. defense readiness 
     as a result of this proposed sale.


                         Transmittal No. 20-66

     Notice of Proposed Issuance of Letter of Offer Pursuant to 
         Section 36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act

                           Annex Item No. vii

       (vii) Sensitivity of Technology:
       1. The F-35A Conventional Take Off and Landing (CTOL) 
     aircraft is a single-seat, single-engine, all-weather, 
     stealth, fifth-generation, multirole aircraft. The F-35A CTOL 
     contains sensitive technology including the low observable 
     airframe/outer mold line, the Pratt and Whitney Fl35 engine, 
     AN/ APG-81 radar, an integrated core processor central 
     computer, a mission systems/electronic warfare suite, a 
     multiple sensor suite, technical data/documentation, and 
     associated software. Sensitive elements of the F-35A are also 
     included in operational flight and maintenance trainers. 
     Sensitive and classified elements of the F-35A CTOL aircraft 
     include hardware, accessories, components, and associated 
     software for the following major subsystems:
       a. The Pratt and Whitney F135 engine is a single 40,000-lb 
     thrust class engine designed for the F-35 and assures highly 
     reliable, affordable performance. The engine is designed to 
     be utilized in all F-35 variants, providing unmatched 
     commonality and supportability throughout the worldwide base 
     of F-35 users.
       b. The AN/ APG-81 Active Electronically Scanned Array 
     (AESA) is a high processing power/high transmission power 
     electronic array capable of detecting air and ground targets 
     from a greater distance than mechanically scanned array 
     radars. It also contains a synthetic aperture radar (SAR), 
     which creates high-resolution ground maps and provides 
     weather data to the pilot, and provides air and ground tracks 
     to the mission system, which uses it as a component to fuse 
     sensor data.
       c. The Electro-Optical Targeting System (EOTS) provides 
     long-range detection and tracking as well as an infrared 
     search and track (IRST) and forward-looking infrared (FLIR) 
     capability for precision tracking, weapons delivery, and bomb 
     damage assessment (BDA). The EOTS replaces multiple separate 
     internal or podded systems typically found on legacy 
     aircraft.
       d. The Electro-Optical Distributed Aperture System (EODAS) 
     provides the pilot with full spherical coverage for air-to-
     air and air-to-ground threat awareness, day/night vision 
     enhancements, a fire control capability, and precision 
     tracking of wingmen/friendly aircraft. The EODAS provides 
     data directly to the pilot's helmet as well as the mission 
     system.
       e. The Electronic Warfare (EW) system is a reprogrammable, 
     integrated system that provides radar warning and electronic 
     support measures (ESM) along with a fully integrated 
     countermeasures (CM) system. The EW system is the primary 
     subsystem used to enhance situational awareness, targeting 
     support and self-defense through the search, intercept, 
     location and identification of in-band emitters and to 
     automatically counter IR and RF threats.
       f. The Command, Control, Communications, Computers and 
     Intelligence/Communications, Navigation, and Identification 
     (C4I/CNI) system provides the pilot with unmatched 
     connectivity to flight members, coalition forces, and the 
     battlefield. It is an integrated subsystem designed to 
     provide a broad spectrum of secure, anti-jam voice and 
     data communications, precision radio navigation and 
     landing capability, self-identification, beyond visual 
     range target identification, and connectivity to off-board 
     sources of information. It also includes an inertial 
     navigation and global positioning system (GPS) for precise 
     location information. The functionality is tightly 
     integrated within the mission system to enhance 
     efficiency.
       g. The aircraft C4I/CNI system includes two data links, the 
     Multi-Function Advanced Data Link (MADL) and Link 16. The 
     MADL is designed specifically for the F-35 and allows for 
     stealthy communications between F-35s. Link 16 data link 
     equipment allows the F-35 to communicate with legacy aircraft 
     using widely-distributed J-series message protocols.
       h. The F-35 Autonomic Logistics Global Sustainment (ALGS) 
     provides a fully integrated logistics management solution. 
     ALGS integrates a number of functional areas, including 
     supply chain management, repair, support equipment, engine 
     support, and training. The ALGS infrastructure employs a 
     state-of-the-art information system that provides real-time, 
     decision-worthy information for sustainment decisions by 
     flight line personnel. Prognostic health monitoring 
     technology is integrated with the air system and is crucial 
     to predictive maintenance of vital components.
       i. The F-35 Operational Data Integrated Network (ODIN) 
     provides an intelligent information infrastructure that binds 
     all the key concepts of ALGS into an effective support 
     system. ODIN establishes the appropriate interfaces among the 
     F-35 Air Vehicle, the warfighter, the training system, 
     government information technology (IT) systems, and 
     supporting commercial enterprise systems. Additionally, ODIN 
     provides a comprehensive tool for data collection and 
     analysis, decision support and action tracking.
       j. The F-35 Training System includes several training 
     devices to provide integrated training for pilots and 
     maintainers. The pilot training devices include a Full 
     Mission Simulator (FMS) and Deployable Mission Rehearsal 
     Trainer (DMRT). The maintainer training devices include an 
     Aircraft Systems Maintenance Trainer (ASMT), Ejection System 
     Maintenance Trainer (ESMT), Outer Mold Line (OML) Lab, 
     Flexible Linear Shaped Charge (FLSC) Trainer, F135 Engine 
     Module Trainer, and Weapons Loading Trainer (WLT). The F-35 
     Training System can be integrated, where both pilots and 
     maintainers learn in the same Integrated Training Center 
     (ITC). Alternatively, the pilots and maintainers can train in 
     separate facilities (Pilot Training Center and Maintenance 
     Training Center).
       k. Other subsystems, features, and capabilities include the 
     F-35's low observable air frame, Integrated Core Processor 
     (ICP) Central Computer, Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS), 
     Pilot Life Support System (PLSS), Off-Board Mission Support 
     (OMS) System and publications/maintenance manuals. The HMDS 
     provides a fully sunlight readable, bi-ocular display 
     presentation of aircraft information projected onto the 
     pilot's helmet visor. The use of a night vision camera 
     integrated into the helmet eliminates the need for separate 
     Night Vision Goggles. The PLSS provides a measure of Pilot 
     Chemical, Biological, and Radiological Protection through use 
     of an On-Board Oxygen Generating System (OBOGS); and an 
     escape system that provides additional protection to the 
     pilot. OBOGS takes the Power and Thermal Management System 
     (PTMS) air and enriches it by removing gases (mainly 
     nitrogen) by adsorption, thereby increasing the concentration 
     of oxygen in the product gas and supplying breathable air to 
     the pilot. The OMS provides a mission planning, mission 
     briefing, and a maintenance/intelligence/tactical debriefing 
     platform for the F-35.
       2. The Reprogramming Center is located in the United States 
     and provides F-35 customers a means to update F-35 electronic 
     warfare databases.
       3. The AGM-158B Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile 
     Extended Range (JASSM-ER) is an extended range low-
     observable, highly survivable subsonic cruise missile 
     designed to penetrate next generation air defense systems en-
     route to target. It is designed to kill hard, medium-
     hardened, soft and area type targets. The extended range over 
     the baseline was obtained by going from a turbo jet to a 
     turbo-fan engine and by reconfiguring the fuel tanks for 
     added capacity. Purchase will include test and training 
     missiles.
       4. The AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) is used by the 
     Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force, and allows aircraft to 
     attack well-defended targets in day, night, and adverse 
     weather conditions. The JSOW C and C-1 utilize GPS/INS 
     guidance and an uncooled imaging infrared (IIR) seeker for 
     terminal guidance, autonomous acquisition, and provides a 
     precision targeting, 500-lb-class tandem warhead that is the 
     Navy's primary standoff weapon against hardened targets. The 
     JSOW C-1 added the Link 16 data link enabling a robust and 
     flexible capability against high-value stationary land 
     targets and moving maritime target capability. JSOW C-1 can 
     fly via two dimensional and three dimensional waypoints to 
     the target, offering the optimal path around integrated air 
     defense systems (IADS).
       5. The AIM-9X Block II+ (Plus) SIDEWINDER Missile is a 
     supersonic, short-range Air-to-Air (A/A) guided missile which 
     employs a passive Infrared (IR) target acquisition system, 
     proportional navigational guidance, and a closed-loop 
     position servo Fin Actuator Unit (FAU). It represents a 
     substantial increase in missile acquisition and kinematics 
     performance over the AIM-9M and replaces the AIM-9X Block I 
     Missile configuration. The missile includes a high off-

[[Page S6064]]

     boresight seeker, enhanced countermeasure rejection 
     capability, low drag/high angle of attack airframe and the 
     ability to integrate the Helmet Mounted Cueing System. The 
     software algorithms are the most sensitive portion of the 
     AIM-9X missile. The software continues to be modified via a 
     pre-planned product improvement (P3I) program in order to 
     improve its counter-countermeasure capabilities. No software 
     source code or algorithms will be released.
       a. AIM-9X BLK II Captive Air Training Missile (CATM) is a 
     flight certified inert mass simulator with a functioning 
     Guidance Unit (GU). The CATM is the primary aircrew training 
     device providing all pre-launch functions as well as 
     realistic aerodynamic performance that equate to carrying a 
     tactical missile. The CATM provides pilot training in aerial 
     target acquisition and use of aircraft controls/displays.
       b. AIM-9X BLK II+ (Plus) Tactical GU, WGU-57/B, provides 
     the missile tracking, guidance, and control signals. The GU 
     provides counter-countermeasures, improved reliability and 
     maintainability over earlier Sidewinder models. Improvements 
     include: (1) upgrade/redesign to the Electronics Unit Circuit 
     Card Assemblies, (2) a redesigned center section harnessing, 
     and (3) a larger capacity missile battery.
       c. AIM-9X BLK II CATM GU, WGU-57/B, is identical to the 
     tactical GU except the GU and Control Actuation System (CAS) 
     batteries are inert and the software Captive. The software 
     switch tells the missile processor that it is attached to a 
     CATM and to ignore missile launch commands. The switch also 
     signals software to not enter abort mode because there is no 
     FAU connected to the GU.
       d. AIM-9X BLK II Multi-Purpose Training Missile (MPTM) is a 
     ground training device used to train ground personnel in 
     aircraft loading, sectionalization, maintenance, 
     transportation, storage procedures, and techniques. The 
     missile replicates external appearance and features of a 
     tactical AIM-9X-2 missile. The MPTM will physically interface 
     with loading equipment, maintenance equipment, launchers, and 
     test equipment. The missile is explosively and electrically 
     inert and is NOT flight certified.
       e. AIM-9X BLK II Dummy Air Training Missile (DATM) is used 
     to train ground personnel in missile maintenance, loading, 
     transportation, and storage procedures. All components are 
     completely inert. The missile contains no programmable 
     electrical components and is not approved for flight.
       f. AIM-9X BLK II Active Optical Target Detector (AOTD) is 
     newly designed for Block IL The AOTD/Data Link (AOTD/DL) uses 
     the latest laser technology allowing significant increases in 
     sensitivity, aerosol performance, low altitude performance, 
     and Pk (Probability of Kill). The AOTD/DL design includes a 
     DL for 2-way platform communication. The AOTD/DL communicates 
     with the GU over a serial interface which allows the GU to 
     receive and transmit data so that a target position and 
     status communication with a launching platform is possible 
     during missile flight.
       6. The GBU-31 Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) is a 
     2,000 pound Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning 
     System (INS/GPS) guided precision air to ground munition. The 
     GBU-31 has two JDAM tailkit variants, KMU-556 and the KMU-
     557. Each tailkit is bomb body specific. The KMU-556 is 
     assembled to the MK-84 or BLU-117 bomb body to make the GBU-
     31v1, and the KMU-557 is assembled with BLU-109 bomb body to 
     make the GBU-31v3.
       7. The GBU-38 Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) is a 500 
     pound INS/GPS guided precision air to ground munition. The 
     GBU-38 consists of a KMU-572 bomb body specific tail kit, and 
     MK-82 or BLU-111 bomb body.
       8. The GBU-54 Laser Joint Direct Attack Munition (LJDAM) is 
     a 500 pound JDAM which incorporates all the capabilities of 
     the JDAM guidance tail kit and adds a precision laser 
     guidance set. The LJDAM gives the weapon system an optional 
     semi-active laser guidance in addition to INS/GPS guidance. 
     This provides the optional capability to strike moving 
     targets. The GBU-54 consists of a DSU-38 laser guidance set, 
     and a KMU-572 bomb body specific tail kit, and MK-82 or BLU-
     111 bomb body.
       9. The GBU-53/8 Small Diameter Bomb Increment II (SDB II) 
     is a 250-lb class precision-guided, semi-autonomous, 
     conventional, air-to-ground munition used to defeat moving 
     targets through adverse weather from standoff range. The SDB 
     II has deployable wings and fins and uses GPS/INS guidance, 
     network-enabled datalink (Link-16 and UHF), and a multi-mode 
     seeker (millimeter wave radar, imaging infrared, semi-active 
     laser) to autonomously search, acquire, track, and defeat 
     targets from a standoff range. The SDB IT employs a multi-
     effects warhead (Blast, Fragmentation, and ShapedCharge) for 
     maximum lethality against armored and soft targets. The SDB 
     II weapon system consists of the tactical all-up round (AUR) 
     weapon, a 4-place common carriage system, and mission 
     planning system munitions application program (MAP). The 
     carriage system is the BRU-61B/A. Two other operable 
     configurations and two maintenance training configurations 
     are described as follows:
       a. SDB II Guided Test Vehicle (GTV) is an SDB II 
     configuration used for land or sea range-based testing of the 
     SDB TI weapon system. The GTV has common flight 
     characteristics of an SDB TI AUR, but in place of the multi-
     effects warhead is a Flight Termination, Tracking, and 
     Telemetry (FTTT) subassembly that mirrors the AUR multi-
     effects warhead's size and mass properties, but provides safe 
     flight termination, free flight tracking and telemetry of 
     encrypted data from the GTV to the data receivers. The SDB II 
     GTV can have either inert or live fuses. All other flight 
     control, guidance, data-link, and seeker functions are 
     representative of the SDB II AUR.
       b. SDB II Captive Carry Vehicles (CCV), formerly known as 
     Captive Carry Reliability Test (CCRT) vehicles, are an SDB II 
     configuration primarily used for reliability data collection 
     during carriage. The CCV has common characteristics of an SDB 
     II AUR but with an inert warhead and fuze. The CCV has an 
     inert mass in place of the warhead that mimics the warhead's 
     mass properties.
       c. The SDB II Weapon Load Crew Trainer (WLCT) is a mass 
     mockup of the tactical AUR used for load crew and maintenance 
     training. It does not contain energetics, a live fuze, any 
     sensitive components, or hazardous material. It is not flight 
     certified.
       d. The SDB II Practical Explosive Ordnance Disposal Trainer 
     (PEST) is an EOD training unit with sections and internal 
     subassemblies which are identical to, or correlate to, the 
     external hardware, sections and internal subassemblies of the 
     tactical AUR. The PEST does not contain energetics, a live 
     fuze, any sensitive components, or hazardous material. It is 
     not flight certified.
       10. The highest level of classification of information 
     included in this potential sale is SECRET.
       11. If a technologically advanced adversary were to obtain 
     knowledge of the specific hardware and software elements, the 
     information could be used to develop countermeasures that 
     might reduce weapon system effectiveness or be used in the 
     development of a system with similar or advanced 
     capabilities.
       12. A determination has been made that Finland can provide 
     substantially the same degree of protection for the sensitive 
     technology being released as the U.S. Government. This sale 
     is necessary in furthering U.S. foreign policy and national 
     security objectives outlined in the Policy Justification.
       13. All defense articles and services listed in this 
     transmittal have been authorized for release and export to 
     Finland.

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