[Congressional Record Volume 166, Number 172 (Friday, October 2, 2020)]
[House]
[Page H5668]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

            By Mr. GOSAR:
        H.R. 8515.
        Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 ``To regulate commerce with 
     foreign nations, and among the several states; and with the 
     Indian tribes.''
       Article 1 Section 8: ``To make all laws which shall be 
     necessary and proper for carrying into execution the 
     foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this 
     Constitution in the government of the United States, or in 
     any department or officer thereof.''
       In Planned Parenthood v Casey (1992), Justice Kennedy 
     stated, in an opinion co-authored by Justices Sandra Day 
     O'Connor and David Souter, that ``At the heart of liberty is 
     the right to define one's own concept of existence.'' Justice 
     Kennedy continued in Obergefell v. Hodges (2015): ``The 
     Constitution promises liberty to all within its reach, a 
     liberty that includes certain specific rights that allow 
     persons, within a lawful realm, to define and express their 
     identity.''