[Congressional Record Volume 166, Number 95 (Wednesday, May 20, 2020)]
[Senate]
[Pages S2519-S2520]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




               HOLDING FOREIGN COMPANIES ACCOUNTABLE ACT

  Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I would like to talk for a few minutes 
about China.
  China, as you know, is a wonderful country. It has about 1.4, 1.5 
billion people. A lot of times, you see reported that there are only 
1.2 billion, but they are a lot bigger than that. America only has 
about 320, 330 million folks. By land size, it is about the same size 
as the United States. A lot of people think they are the biggest 
country by land in the world, but actually Russia is. Canada is No. 2, 
and China is probably No. 3 by land size, but we are both close.
  I love visiting China. The few times I have been there, the people of 
China were just wonderful people--very interesting, very smart, very 
hard-working, very aspirational. I say this because when I talk today 
about China, I want you and my colleagues in the Senate to understand 
that I am not talking about the people of China. The people of China 
are good people; the Chinese Communist Party, not so much.
  I really regret having to say this. I would not turn my back on the 
Chinese Communist Party if they were 2 days dead. I don't want to have 
a Cold War with China. I would rather see us work together for the 
common good of the planet Earth, and we have tried, but that hasn't 
worked out real well.
  We admitted China to the World Trade Organization on December 11, 
2001. It wasn't just our decision, but you know better than I do that 
China wouldn't have been admitted to the WTO without our support. So we 
agreed--December 11, 2001. China started cheating December 12. They 
steal our intellectual property--not just ours but everyone else's in 
the world. They steal the world's intellectual property. They 
substantially subsidize their state-owned companies, so other companies 
throughout the world that don't get state subsidies can't compete with 
them. For years, they manipulated their currency. They are trying to 
control the sea lanes of the world. They started in the South China 
Sea. They are seizing islands that don't belong to them. The next step 
is, they will try to militarize space. They have used their economic 
power as a weapon.
  Our friends and allies in Australia have asked some very reasonable 
questions about the origins of the coronavirus and the COVID-19. China 
has responded by saying: We refuse to buy any more of your products. 
Those are just the facts.
  Now, the managerial elites told us--by that, I mean a lot of the 
entrenched politicians, the deep thinkers of the world, the academics, 
many members of the media, the bureaucrats, a lot of the corporate 
phonies, the ones who think they are smarter, more virtuous than the 
rest of us in America. They told us: Oh, you are wrong about China. Be 
patient with China. Be patient with them. Free enterprise will change 
China.
  China has changed free enterprise, and China is on a glidepath to 
dominance. And do you know what the Congress has done about it? 
Nothing. Zero. Zilch. Nada.
  Let me say it again. I love the people of China. I am talking about 
the Chinese Communist Party. And I do not--I do not want to get into a 
new Cold War. All I want and I think all the rest of us want is for 
China to play by the rules.
  Let me give an example. Every company in the world that goes public 
would like to list on U.S. stock exchanges--the over-the-counter 
market, the S&P, the New York Stock Exchange. We are very efficient. We 
are excruciatingly transparent. We like investors throughout the world 
to know what they are buying. We require companies to disclose. And I 
think our SEC does an extraordinarily able job. I think Chairman Jay 
Clayton has just been a rock star.
  We have a rule that if you list on our exchanges, you have to file 
periodic reports. Once again, we want investors to understand what they 
are investing in. And those reports have to be accurate, or you get in 
a lot of trouble. One of the things, for example, in one of these 
reports that companies have to file is an annual audit, but we take it 
a step further in the United States. There is a Board within the SEC 
called the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, PCAOB. Really, 
all that Board does--I say ``all''; it is important--that Board 
inspects the audits that the companies file, not because they think the 
companies are cheating, although some do. But it is like when we play 
poker with friends. I play poker with friends. They are my friends, but 
I cut the cards every single time. And that is what our SEC does 
through this Board. They say: We are going to double check your audits. 
Everybody has to comply with that rule--American companies, British 
companies, Malaysian companies, Turkmenistan companies--except one: 
Chinese companies. They just say: No. They just say: No, we are not 
going to do it. And you know what we do about it? Nothing. Zero. Zilch. 
Nada.
  This is not a 2- or 3-month phenomenon. This has gone on for years 
and years and years, and all of us in the executive branch and, yes, in 
Congress, we huff and we puff and we strut around and we hold hearings 
and we issue press releases, and then we do nothing. And where I come 
from, what you allow is what will continue.
  I have a bill. It is very simple. It says to all the companies out 
there in the world, including but not limited to China: If you want to 
list on an American exchange, you have to submit an audit. SEC has the 
right to look at that audit and audit the audit, and if you refuse not 
once, not twice, but three times--if over a 3-year period, each of 
those 3 years, the company says ``You cannot audit my audit,'' then 
they can no longer be listed on the American exchanges. It is very, 
very simple.
  Once again, I tried to be very fair in this bill, as did my coauthor, 
Senator Chris Van Hollen. We spent a lot of time on this. We don't want 
to be unfair to Chinese companies. We are not changing the rules; they 
have just been ignoring the rules. We are saying: Look, we are not 
going to give you just one chance; we are going to give you three 
chances.
  If a Chinese company or any other company ignores the SEC request, 
what they can do to all the other companies in the world--that is, 
audit their audits--if you ignore the SEC for 3 years, then you have to 
take your business somewhere else.
  Do you know whom that is going to help the most? The investors of 
America and the investors of the world.
  Most of the companies that are public companies I believe tell the 
truth, but some of them don't, and this is hard-earned money that 
people are investing.
  The name of our bill--Senator Chris Van Hollen is the coauthor--is 
the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, and, as I just 
explained, it is very simple.
  Mr. President, as in legislative session, I ask unanimous consent 
that the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs be discharged 
from further consideration of S. 945 and the Senate proceed to its 
immediate consideration.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report the bill by title.
  The bill clerk read as follows:

       A bill (S. 945) to amend the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 to 
     require certain issuers to disclose to the Securities and 
     Exchange Commission information regarding foreign 
     jurisdictions that prevent the Public Company Accounting 
     Oversight Board from performing inspections under that Act, 
     and for other purposes.

  There being no objection, the committee was discharged, and the 
Senate proceeded to consider the bill.
  Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Kennedy 
substitute amendment at the desk be considered and agreed to; the bill, 
as amended, be considered read a third time and passed; and that the 
motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.

[[Page S2520]]

  The amendment (No. 1589) was agreed to as follows

                (Purpose: In the nature of a substitute)

        Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
     following:

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``Holding Foreign Companies 
     Accountable Act''.

     SEC. 2. DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENT.

       Section 104 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 
     7214) is amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(i) Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That 
     Prevent Inspections.--
       ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
       ``(A) the term `covered issuer' means an issuer that is 
     required to file reports under section 13 or 15(d) of the 
     Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m, 78o(d)); and
       ``(B) the term `non-inspection year' means, with respect to 
     a covered issuer, a year--
       ``(i) during which the Commission identifies the covered 
     issuer under paragraph (2)(A) with respect to every report 
     described in subparagraph (A) filed by the covered issuer 
     during that year; and
       ``(ii) that begins after the date of enactment of this 
     subsection.
       ``(2) Disclosure to commission.--The Commission shall--
       ``(A) identify each covered issuer that, with respect to 
     the preparation of the audit report on the financial 
     statement of the covered issuer that is included in a report 
     described in paragraph (1)(A) filed by the covered issuer, 
     retains a registered public accounting firm that has a branch 
     or office that--
       ``(i) is located in a foreign jurisdiction; and
       ``(ii) the Board is unable to inspect or investigate 
     completely because of a position taken by an authority in the 
     foreign jurisdiction described in clause (i), as determined 
     by the Board; and
       ``(B) require each covered issuer identified under 
     subparagraph (A) to, in accordance with the rules issued by 
     the Commission under paragraph (4), submit to the Commission 
     documentation that establishes that the covered issuer is not 
     owned or controlled by a governmental entity in the foreign 
     jurisdiction described in subparagraph (A)(i).
       ``(3) Trading prohibition after 3 years of non-
     inspections.--
       ``(A) In general.--If the Commission determines that a 
     covered issuer has 3 consecutive non-inspection years, the 
     Commission shall prohibit the securities of the covered 
     issuer from being traded--
       ``(i) on a national securities exchange; or
       ``(ii) through any other method that is within the 
     jurisdiction of the Commission to regulate, including through 
     the method of trading that is commonly referred to as the 
     `over-the-counter' trading of securities.
       ``(B) Removal of initial prohibition.--If, after the 
     Commission imposes a prohibition on a covered issuer under 
     subparagraph (A), the covered issuer certifies to the 
     Commission that the covered issuer has retained a registered 
     public accounting firm that the Board has inspected under 
     this section to the satisfaction of the Commission, the 
     Commission shall end that prohibition.
       ``(C) Recurrence of non-inspection years.--If, after the 
     Commission ends a prohibition under subparagraph (B) or (D) 
     with respect to a covered issuer, the Commission determines 
     that the covered issuer has a non-inspection year, the 
     Commission shall prohibit the securities of the covered 
     issuer from being traded--
       ``(i) on a national securities exchange; or
       ``(ii) through any other method that is within the 
     jurisdiction of the Commission to regulate, including through 
     the method of trading that is commonly referred to as the 
     `over-the-counter' trading of securities.
       ``(D) Removal of subsequent prohibition.--If, after the end 
     of the 5-year period beginning on the date on which the 
     Commission imposes a prohibition on a covered issuer under 
     subparagraph (C), the covered issuer certifies to the 
     Commission that the covered issuer will retain a registered 
     public accounting firm that the Board is able to inspect 
     under this section, the Commission shall end that 
     prohibition.
       ``(4) Rules.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     enactment of this subsection, the Commission shall issue 
     rules that establish the manner and form in which a covered 
     issuer shall make a submission required under paragraph 
     (2)(B).''.

     SEC. 3. ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURE.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section--
       (1) the term ``audit report'' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 2(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 
     U.S.C. 7201(a));
       (2) the term ``Commission'' means the Securities and 
     Exchange Commission;
       (3) the term ``covered form''--
       (A) means--
       (i) the form described in section 249.310 of title 17, Code 
     of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation; and
       (ii) the form described in section 249.220f of title 17, 
     Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation; and
       (B) includes a form that--
       (i) is the equivalent of, or substantially similar to, the 
     form described in clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (A); and
       (ii) a foreign issuer files with the Commission under the 
     Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.) or 
     rules issued under that Act;
       (4) the terms ``covered issuer'' and ``non-inspection 
     year'' have the meanings given the terms in subsection (i)(1) 
     of section 104 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 
     7214), as added by section 2 of this Act; and
       (5) the term ``foreign issuer'' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 240.3b-4 of title 17, Code of Federal 
     Regulations, or any successor regulation.
       (b) Requirement.--Each covered issuer that is a foreign 
     issuer and for which, during a non-inspection year with 
     respect to the covered issuer, a registered public accounting 
     firm described in subsection (i)(2)(A) of section 104 of the 
     Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7214), as added by 
     section 2 of this Act, has prepared an audit report shall 
     disclose in each covered form filed by that issuer that 
     covers such a non-inspection year--
       (1) that, during the period covered by the covered form, 
     such a registered public accounting firm has prepared an 
     audit report for the issuer;
       (2) the percentage of the shares of the issuer owned by 
     governmental entities in the foreign jurisdiction in which 
     the issuer is incorporated or otherwise organized;
       (3) whether governmental entities in the applicable foreign 
     jurisdiction with respect to that registered public 
     accounting firm have a controlling financial interest with 
     respect to the issuer;
       (4) the name of each official of the Chinese Communist 
     Party who is a member of the board of directors of--
       (A) the issuer; or
       (B) the operating entity with respect to the issuer; and
       (5) whether the articles of incorporation of the issuer (or 
     equivalent organizing document) contains any charter of the 
     Chinese Communist Party, including the text of any such 
     charter.

  The bill (S. 945), as amended, was ordered to be engrossed for a 
third reading, was read the third time, and passed.
  Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The bill clerk proceeded to call the roll.

                          ____________________