[Congressional Record Volume 165, Number 98 (Wednesday, June 12, 2019)]
[Senate]
[Pages S3373-S3375]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 262. Mr. SCHATZ (for himself, Mr. Gardner, Mr. Sullivan, and Ms. 
Harris) submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by him to the 
bill S. 1790, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2020 for 
military activities of the Department of Defense, for military 
construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, 
to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for

[[Page S3374]]

other purposes; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

       At the appropriate place, insert the following:

     SEC. __. INTEGRATED PUBLIC ALERT AND WARNING SYSTEM.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section--
       (1) the term ``Administrator'' means the Administrator of 
     the Agency;
       (2) the term ``Agency'' means the Federal Emergency 
     Management Agency;
       (3) the term ``public alert and warning system'' means the 
     integrated public alert and warning system of the United 
     States described in section 526 of the Homeland Security Act 
     of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 321o);
       (4) the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Homeland 
     Security; and
       (5) the term ``State'' means any State of the United 
     States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto 
     Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the 
     Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and any 
     possession of the United States.
       (b) Integrated Public Alert and Warning System.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall develop 
     minimum requirements for State, Tribal, and local governments 
     to participate in the public alert and warning system and 
     that are necessary to maintain the integrity of the public 
     alert and warning system, including--
       (A) guidance on the categories of public emergencies and 
     appropriate circumstances that warrant an alert and warning 
     from State, Tribal, and local governments using the public 
     alert and warning system;
       (B) the procedures for State, Tribal, and local government 
     officials to authenticate civil emergencies and initiate, 
     modify, and cancel alerts transmitted through the public 
     alert and warning system, including protocols and technology 
     capabilities for--
       (i) the initiation, or prohibition on the initiation, of 
     alerts by a single authorized or unauthorized individual;
       (ii) testing a State, Tribal, or local government incident 
     management and warning tool without accidentally initiating 
     an alert through the public alert and warning system; and
       (iii) steps a State, Tribal, or local government official 
     should take to mitigate the possibility of the issuance of a 
     false alert through the public alert and warning system;
       (C) the standardization, functionality, and 
     interoperability of incident management and warning tools 
     used by State, Tribal, and local governments to notify the 
     public of an emergency through the public alert and warning 
     system;
       (D) the annual training and recertification of emergency 
     management personnel on requirements for originating and 
     transmitting an alert through the public alert and warning 
     system;
       (E) the procedures, protocols, and guidance concerning the 
     protective action plans that State, Tribal, and local 
     governments shall issue to the public following an alert 
     issued under the public alert and warning system;
       (F) the procedures, protocols, and guidance concerning the 
     communications that State, Tribal, and local governments 
     shall issue to the public following a false alert issued 
     under the public alert and warning system;
       (G) a plan by which State, Tribal, and local government 
     officials may, during an emergency, contact each other as 
     well as Federal officials and participants in the Emergency 
     Alert System and the Wireless Emergency Alert System, when 
     appropriate and necessary, by telephone, text message, or 
     other means of communication regarding an alert that has been 
     distributed to the public; and
       (H) any other procedure the Administrator considers 
     appropriate for maintaining the integrity of and providing 
     for public confidence in the public alert and warning system.
       (2) Coordination with national advisory council report.--
     The Administrator shall ensure that the minimum requirements 
     developed under paragraph (1) do not conflict with 
     recommendations made for improving the public alert and 
     warning system provided in the report submitted by the 
     National Advisory Council under section 2(b)(7)(B) of the 
     Integrated Public Alert and Warning System Modernization Act 
     of 2015 (Public Law 114-143; 130 Stat. 332).
       (3) Public consultation.--In developing the minimum 
     requirements under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall 
     ensure appropriate public consultation and, to the extent 
     practicable, coordinate the development of the requirements 
     with stakeholders of the public alert and warning system, 
     including--
       (A) appropriate personnel from Federal agencies, including 
     the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the 
     Agency, and the Federal Communications Commission;
       (B) representatives of State and local governments and 
     emergency services personnel, who shall be selected from 
     among individuals nominated by national organizations 
     representing those governments and personnel;
       (C) representatives of Federally recognized Indian tribes 
     and national Indian organizations;
       (D) communications service providers;
       (E) vendors, developers, and manufacturers of systems, 
     facilities, equipment, and capabilities for the provision of 
     communications services;
       (F) third-party service bureaus;
       (G) the national organization representing the licensees 
     and permittees of noncommercial broadcast television 
     stations;
       (H) technical experts from the broadcasting industry;
       (I) educators from the Emergency Management Institute; and
       (J) other individuals with technical expertise as the 
     Administrator determines appropriate.
       (4) Inapplicability of faca.--The Federal Advisory 
     Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the public 
     consultation with stakeholders under paragraph (3).
       (c) Incident Management and Warning Tool Validation.--
       (1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish a 
     process to ensure that an incident management and warning 
     tool used by a State, Tribal, or local government to 
     originate and transmit an alert through the public alert and 
     warning system meets the requirements developed by the 
     Administrator under subsection (b)(1).
       (2) Requirements.--The process required to be established 
     under paragraph (1) shall include--
       (A) the ability to test an incident management and warning 
     tool in the public alert and warning system lab;
       (B) the ability to certify that an incident management and 
     warning tool complies with the applicable cyber frameworks of 
     the Department of Homeland Security and the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology;
       (C) a process to certify developers of emergency management 
     software; and
       (D) requiring developers to provide the Administrator with 
     a copy of and rights of use for ongoing testing of each 
     version of incident management and warning tool software 
     before the software is first used by a State, Tribal, or 
     local government.
       (d) Review and Update of Memoranda of Understanding.--
       (1) In general.--The Administrator shall review the 
     memoranda of understanding between the Agency and State, 
     Tribal, and local governments with respect to the public 
     alert and warning system to ensure that all agreements ensure 
     compliance with the requirements developed by the 
     Administrator under subsection (b)(1).
       (e) Future Memoranda.--The Administrator shall ensure that 
     any new memorandum of understanding entered into between the 
     Agency and a State, Tribal, or local government on or after 
     the date of enactment of this Act with respect to the public 
     alert and warning system ensures that the agreement requires 
     compliance with the requirements developed by the 
     Administrator under subsection (b)(1).
       (f) Missile Alert and Warning Authorities.--
       (1) In general.--
       (A) Authority.--On and after the date that is 120 days 
     after the date of enactment of this Act, the authority to 
     originate an alert warning the public of a missile launch 
     directed against a State using the public alert and warning 
     system shall reside primarily with the Federal Government.
       (B) Delegation of authority.--The Secretary may delegate 
     the authority described in subparagraph (A) to a State, 
     Tribal, or local entity if, not later than 180 days after the 
     date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary submits a report 
     to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
     Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Homeland Security 
     of the House of Representatives that--
       (i) it is not feasible for the Federal Government to alert 
     the public of a missile threat against a State; or
       (ii) it is not in the national security interest of the 
     United States for the Federal Government to alert the public 
     of a missile threat against a State.
       (C) Activation of system.--Upon verification of a missile 
     threat, the President, utilizing established authorities, 
     protocols and procedures, may activate the public alert and 
     warning system.
       (D) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this paragraph shall 
     be construed to change the command and control relationship 
     between entities of the Federal Government with respect to 
     the identification, dissemination, notification, or alerting 
     of information of missile threats against the United States 
     that was in effect on the day before the date of enactment of 
     this Act.
       (2) Required processes.--The Secretary, acting through the 
     Administrator, shall establish a process to promptly notify a 
     State warning point, and any State entities that the 
     Administrator determines appropriate, following the issuance 
     of an alert described in paragraph (1)(A) so the State may 
     take appropriate action to protect the health, safety, and 
     welfare of the residents of the State.
       (3) Guidance.--The Secretary, acting through the 
     Administrator, shall work with the Governor of a State 
     warning point to develop and implement appropriate protective 
     action plans to respond to an alert described in paragraph 
     (1)(A) for that State.
       (4) Study and report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
     of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall--
       (A) examine the feasibility of establishing an alert 
     designation under the public alert and warning system that 
     would be used to alert and warn the public of a missile 
     threat while concurrently alerting a State warning point so 
     that a State may activate related protective action plans; 
     and

[[Page S3375]]

       (B) submit a report of the findings under subparagraph (A), 
     including of the costs and timeline for taking action to 
     implement an alert designation described in subparagraph (A), 
     to--
       (i) the Subcommittee on Homeland Security of the Committee 
     on Appropriations of the Senate;
       (ii) the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
     Affairs of the Senate;
       (iii) the Subcommittee on Homeland Security of the 
     Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; 
     and
       (iv) the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of 
     Representatives.
       (g) Use of Integrated Public Alert and Warning System 
     Lab.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
     this Act, the Administrator shall--
       (1) develop a program to increase the utilization of the 
     public alert and warning system lab of the Agency by State, 
     Tribal, and local governments to test incident management and 
     warning tools and train emergency management professionals on 
     alert origination protocols and procedures; and
       (2) submit to the Committee on Homeland Security and 
     Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on 
     Homeland Security of the House of Representatives a report 
     describing--
       (A) the impact on utilization of the public alert and 
     warning system lab by State, Tribal, and local governments 
     resulting from the program developed under paragraph (1); and
       (B) any further recommendations that the Administrator 
     would make for additional statutory or appropriations 
     authority necessary to increase the utilization of the public 
     alert and warning system lab by State, Tribal, and local 
     governments.
       (h) Awareness of Alerts and Warnings.--Not later than 1 
     year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
     Administrator shall--
       (1) conduct a review of the National Watch Center and each 
     Regional Watch Center of the Agency; and
       (2) submit to the Committee on Homeland Security and 
     Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on 
     Homeland Security of the House of Representatives a report on 
     the review conducted under paragraph (1), which shall 
     include--
       (A) an assessment of the technical capability of the 
     National and Regional Watch Centers described in paragraph 
     (1) to be notified of alerts and warnings issued by a State 
     through the public alert and warning system;
       (B) a determination of which State alerts and warnings the 
     National and Regional Watch Centers described in paragraph 
     (1) should be aware of; and
       (C) recommendations for improving the ability of the 
     National and Regional Watch Centers described in paragraph 
     (1) to receive any State alerts and warnings that the 
     Administrator determines are appropriate.
       (i) Timeline for Compliance.--Each State shall be given a 
     reasonable amount of time to comply with any new rules, 
     regulations, or requirements imposed under this section.
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