[Congressional Record Volume 165, Number 60 (Monday, April 8, 2019)]
[House]
[Pages H3123-H3126]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
SOCIAL SECURITY IS THE NATION'S PREMIER INSURANCE PROGRAM
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of
January 3, 2019, the Chair recognizes the gentleman from Connecticut
(Mr. Larson) for 30 minutes.
Mr. LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, I am honored to be on this
floor and to hear the eloquence of Jim Clyburn talking about a legend
in Senator Fritz Hollings.
Mr. Speaker, it gives us pause this evening, and I am honored to be
joined by the gentleman from Pennsylvania, a young man who has served
his Nation with dignity as well, as we talk about something equally
important and near and dear to Fritz Hollings' heart as it is to all
America: Social Security.
We have introduced a bill. On Wednesday at 2 o'clock we will be
having our fourth hearing on the subject matter of Social Security. We
are honored to see that that is going forward, because there haven't
been hearings for some time on the matter of expanding Social Security.
Under the leadership of Nancy Pelosi and now Rich Neal on the Ways
and Means Committee and a return to regular order, we are focusing on
the needs of the American people, and nothing is more important than
Social Security.
Let me start by underscoring something that should be intuitively
obvious to everyone, but oftentimes is overlooked: Social Security is
not an entitlement. Social Security is the insurance that people have
paid for.
How do we know this? We know it simply because you only have to look
as far as your pay stub, whether it is weekly, biweekly, or monthly,
under the definition of FICA.
FICA stands for the Federal Insurance Contributions Act. Whose?
Yours.
Citizens all across this Nation understand that they have contributed
to this program.
[[Page H3124]]
I want to give the President of the United States a shout-out here,
because even under the intense scrutiny of the campaign, when
challenged by 16 other Republicans, President Trump alone amongst the
Republicans said: No, this is not an entitlement. This is an earned
benefit, and I intend to protect it.
Not only does Social Security need protection, as Conor Lamb
understands, but it needs to be expanded. It needs this, because the
last time that this Congress did anything significant with respect to
Social Security was in 1983.
In 1983, Ronald Reagan was the President of the United States, Tip
O'Neill was the Speaker of the House. And you know what? A Democrat and
Republican were able to come together and change Social Security and
make sure that it would be there for future generations.
However, they didn't do a number of things that would have enhanced
the program, and it has been 36 years since there has been any change
to Social Security, the Nation's premier insurance program.
Mr. Speaker, I ask the viewing audience: Have any of your insurance
premiums gone up since 1983? And, of course, everyone knows what the
answer is.
It is not the people's fault at home or citizens all across this
Nation. It is the responsibility of the United States Congress to make
sure that the Nation's premier program, a program that not only
provides a pension, but provides disability and spousal and dependent
coverage, is there.
It is the only program out there that provides the full faith and
credit of the United States Government, and, by the way, has never
missed a payment.
Yet, if we do nothing, if we continue to kick the can down the road,
then by as soon as 2034, just 15 years from now, there will be a 21
percent cut in the program, sending many people on the program
currently into poverty.
That cannot stand. The time for us to act is now.
That is especially true given the circumstances that have taken place
in this Nation, especially as recent as 2008.
If you will observe the chart on my left here, what this demonstrates
is essentially from 2007 to 2010, the Great Recession, what we have
witnessed happen to Americans with respect to their overall wealth and
assets.
What we see is that only 10 percent of the people of this country,
and they happen to be in the top 10 percent of wealth, have recovered
from the Great Recession. Just 10 percent.
Imagine if Social Security had been privatized, as was intended by
the Bush administration in 2005. Thankfully, it was not, because people
depend on Social Security. They depend on Social Security because they
know it is the only guarantee that is there for them.
I have gone across this country speaking to people about Social
Security and our enhancements and what we do, and I take with me two
props: one is the actuary report of Social Security 2100, the bill that
Conor Lamb and 206 other Members of this body are original cosponsors
of; and I also carry with me this Starbucks coffee. This happens to be
empty, but it is part of my prop, and I will get to that shortly.
But what we said to the actuary is that what we wanted to do is make
sure that Social Security not only remains solvent for beyond the 75
years, as it is required by law, but we needed to enhance it. The last
time it was enhanced by this body was 36 years ago.
So that is why Conor Lamb and myself and so many others have stepped
forward to say, let's add and enhance this, and let's do it in four
ways.
Number 1, let's have a 2 percent across-the-board increase for all
Social Security recipients.
Number 2, let's not let anyone who has paid their quarters into
Social Security, who has worked hard all of their lives, retire into
poverty.
Unfortunately for many Americans, especially women, that is the case.
Why would that be so? It is so because women have been the caregivers
in our society and had to take time off to raise families, to take care
of children. Also, unfortunately, women have found themselves in the
workplace earning 77 cents for every dollar their male counterpart was.
This change in the law will correct that.
We also found, and Conor Lamb pointed this out several times, that
there were people that he talked to who were still working, many out of
necessity, some because of the joy that they find and the fulfillment
of their lives in being active and busy, but nonetheless, they found
that they were being taxed on their Social Security, because back in
1983, we did not index Social Security, so that back then, if you were
single and making more than $24,000, you were taxed, if you were a
married couple and making more than $32,000, you were taxed.
So what Conor and others said is, let's raise that to $50,000 for an
individual and $100,000 for a couple, and immediately 12 million
Americans will get a tax break under this bill.
We also wanted to adopt something that the AARP has fought for, which
is to have a COLA that actually reflects the costs that you incur when
you are older, whether that is doctor visits, whether it is nutritional
concerns, whether it is physical therapy, or whether it is heating and
cooling your home. These are the things that you need and are important
to you, and that is what the COLA should reflect, and that is what we
put in the bill.
Most of all, we have to make sure that the bill is sustainably
solvent beyond 75 years, as is required by law, so that no one in any
generation could say that it won't be there in the future.
In fact, it has always been there. It has never missed a payment. It
has a 99 percent loss ratio.
What does that mean? That means it is the most efficient government
program there is. It is the Nation's insurance program.
I have heard my good friend and colleague talk about this often, and
I yield the floor to the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Lamb).
Mr. LAMB. Mr. Speaker, I thank Mr. Larson for yielding to me.
Mr. Speaker, I am honored to be here tonight.
Last year, during a long campaign season, two campaigns and two
elections, there was no issue in western Pennsylvania that came to me
from my constituents more often than Social Security, and it was
usually with a heavy heart.
I will never forget one man who came up to me at an event. He was
about 77 years old. He told me how he started paying into Social
Security when he was 12. They don't really make them like that anymore,
but in western Pennsylvania, people started working at earlier and
earlier ages to make ends meet.
The gentleman had worked in a factory. He had been laid off. He told
me: We were in the streets, not sure where to go during the day, but we
didn't want our kids to know that we were out of work.
He had five kids.
He became a janitor, got hurt on the job, needed his union to stick
up for him, but that cut into his prime years of earning.
So the gentleman becomes 65, he retires, eventually collects Social
Security, but he still works to this day as a janitor.
So he is telling me all about his life, and he pulls out one of those
big key rings that every janitor seems to have, and he shoves it into
my hand. He had pulled off of it the dog tag that he carried when he
served in the U.S. Army in Korea in the 1950s.
He pressed it into my palm and he just looked up at me and said:
Don't you break your promise to us. If you get a chance to go down to
Washington, D.C., you fight for Social Security, you fight for
Medicare. You promised these programs to us and you have got to keep
your promise.
I will tell you, I don't think a man his age and his experience
wanted to have to stand there and ask a 33-year-old young congressional
candidate to stick up for him in that way.
That was a promise that we made, and it is not an entitlement. It is
something he paid into for over 45, 50 years of a working life.
Mr. Speaker, I wonder if Mr. Larson has met constituents like that
back in Connecticut as well.
Mr. LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, no question about it. We were
just at a senior center in Elmwood on Friday and had the same
experience.
I think, really, people find it annoying when this is called an
entitlement, especially when they know they have worked all of their
lives for this. They
[[Page H3125]]
only had to look at their pay stub to know that they had made these
contributions.
To say that this is an entitlement, when you look at the investment
that you have made over a lifetime, nothing could be further from the
truth, and that is why it is so important that we get the Social
Security 2100 Act passed into law.
{time} 2030
Mr. LAMB. It is the most important thing we can work on in this
Congress for many of the people who are affected.
The problem is, as you said, it hasn't been adjusted since the 1980s,
and a couple of really important things have happened since then. When
Tip and President Reagan struck the last deal on Social Security, there
wasn't the heroin epidemic that we see today.
One of the problems that we have in western Pennsylvania is that we
are losing a lot of young parents in their 30s and 40s to heroin,
fentanyl, and prescription drug overdoses. Because they come from good
families, their aunts, their uncles, and their parents are stepping up
and taking care of the kids who are left behind.
I have run into dozens and dozens of senior citizens in western PA
who are raising kids on their Social Security benefits. They are
working part time, too. They can barely make ends meet. Social Security
wasn't designed for that.
Mr. LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, it is interesting that the
gentleman points that out because people, oftentimes, think of Social
Security only as a pension benefit. As he just pointed out, one in five
recipients are currently on Social Security who are not retired, who
are spouses, or there are children because of a death in the family
that took place.
So here it is, the Nation's single most important insurance program
taking care of those individuals, even in cases of calamity, whether it
be through the opioid crisis or whatever the case may be. That is why
Social Security remains so vitally important to all generations, at all
ages.
Mr. LAMB. Mr. Speaker, it is why we need to make sure that those who
do choose to continue to work, and many will, see the benefits of that
work.
Here we are calling for a tax cut and promising to account for every
penny of it with a proper adjustment to the other taxes and the payroll
tax. You would almost think we were Republicans standing up here
tonight. But the Republicans, instead, have chosen a path through their
tax bill to cut taxes for a very different group of people, the people
who make more than $500,000 a year, and the people on the boards of the
largest and most powerful corporations in our country.
I think that is what frustrates so many people today, that the
average Social Security benefit now, at this point, is--what?--about
$16,000. The people who benefited from the tax cut in 2017 make
$500,000, $1 million, or even more than that per year. There are far
more people earning closer to $16,000 in this country than there are at
the very top.
If we are going to have special breaks in the Tax Code for anyone, or
if we are going to do anything with our tax laws to benefit anyone, it
should be those folks who are just trying to get by. They are not going
on vacation with this money. They are not going to Disney World. And
they are not going on a cruise. They are paying for prescription drugs,
and they are paying for groceries.
Mr. Clyburn just talked about hunger and how Fritz Hollings was
fighting hunger 40 and 50 years ago. Well, senior citizens in the
United States are going hungry today. They have a very simple choice.
They have a certain amount of money, and they can go to the grocery
store or to the drugstore, but they can't do both. Usually, they go to
the drugstore to stay alive, and they skimp on the rest.
Mr. LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, the gentleman makes an
excellent point. There is nobody who is getting wealthy on the Social
Security program, but it is essential to their very existence and
essential to our economy. Every penny that goes into Social Security
comes right back and is recirculated through our economy because these
are the things that are needed to sustain life.
It is such an important point, Mr. Speaker. I said earlier that I
carry this Starbucks, and you make an apt comparison here. In terms of
the $2 trillion tax cut that was passed in the previous session, 83
percent of that tax cut goes to the Nation's wealthiest 1 percent. When
you contrast that to the bill we are proposing that says that we want
to make sure that people are able to subsist on a program of insurance
that they have paid into, it seems utterly cruel that this hasn't
already taken effect and taken hold. What is even more, we are not
going to do it by passing on debt to a future generation. It is paid
for.
All those recipients, I know they say it in Connecticut, and I heard
it again in West Hartford, and I know the gentleman has heard it as
well in his communities: We don't want to be a burden, not to our
families or future generations.
Well, they have never been a burden. They were the generations that
made this Nation what we are today, so we paid for this bill. We paid
for it in two ways.
Number one, we lift the cap over $400,000. So if you are one of the
six-tenths of 1 percent in this Nation who make over $400,000, we are
going to lift the cap off that Social Security so that you are paying
what the guy making $50,000 is.
Then we do something else. We do what Roosevelt intended and what
every American knows because they consult their bill. We increase the
contribution that you make in your paycheck by 1 percent.
But then we say: No, even 1 percent is a lot. We are going to phase
that in over 25 years to accomplish what should have been done in 1983,
indexing it and phasing it in slowly over time.
What does that mean? That means a person earning $50,000 a year would
pay 50 cents a week to make sure that he gets all the benefits we have
described for Social Security and that it is solvent beyond 75 years.
For 50 cents a week, a disability policy, dependent coverage, spousal
coverage, and a pension, you could not purchase that in the private
market. It is the full faith and credit of the United States Government
that makes it possible because of the individual contribution.
That is where this Starbucks comes in. When I am at a public forum
and when I am doing a townhall, I say to people: How much is this
Starbucks?
They will ask if it is a latte. I say yes. They say $4.50.
I go: You are right. Or 9 weeks of Social Security payments if you
are making $50,000 a year. Or if you are that individual making over
$400,000 a year, it costs more to buy this Starbucks latte than it will
to save Social Security.
We can do this together. This is why we have been going all across
the country. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman, as well, for going out
and putting this online and on Facebook, making sure that we are
getting the message out that, no, you are not a burden to us; you are
our fellow Americans.
This isn't a Democratic or a Republican or an independent plan; this
is the American plan. In fact, it was President Reagan who enhanced it,
and it was President Eisenhower who enhanced and grew the program of
Social Security. That is why it becomes vitally important that we help
out our fellow citizens, especially with this disparity and, as in the
chart we showed before, with many Americans still not recovered from
the Great Recession of 2008.
Mr. LAMB. Mr. Speaker, how many programs do we really have that are
truly universal, that are truly for every American, in which we all
share the sacrifice and we all share the benefit? We are all in this
together at the end of the day.
A very wise man said to me once that one of the problems we have in
America today is people think the economy is like the weather. You
might be able to predict it, and you might be able to prepare for what
is coming, but you just can't do anything about it.
Well, that is not true. The economy is a set of rules written down on
pieces of paper and it is the set of people who are there to enforce
them.
This is a better rule than anything the other side has. This is a
rule that allows us to keep our promise. This is a rule that says, if
you paid into this for all your working lives and now all you are
asking for is about $16,000 a
[[Page H3126]]
year to be able to live with some dignity in your old age, after you
finished the project of a lifetime of building the country that we all
enjoy, we are going to make sure that is there for you, and we are
going to make sure we keep our promise.
We think it is a pretty good bet to side with the folks who are
getting $16,000 a year over the folks who are making $16 million a
year. We think that is a pretty good bet, and we are all going to share
the burden together going forward.
Mr. Speaker, I thank Mr. Larson for allowing me to be part of this
great bill.
Mr. LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for
joining me.
I thank Social Security Works, National Committee to Preserve Social
Security and Medicare, AFL-CIO, Paralyzed Veterans of America, Arc of
the United States, American Federation of Government Employees,
International Federation of Professional and Technical Engineers,
Consortium for Citizens with Disabilities Social Security Task Force,
Justice in Aging, Association of University Centers on Disability, and
The Senior Citizens League for their endorsement of this outstanding
piece of legislation. I thank Mr. Lamb and the 206 other original
cosponsors of the Social Security 2100 Act.
Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Members are reminded to address their
remarks to the Chair.
____________________