[Congressional Record Volume 164, Number 108 (Wednesday, June 27, 2018)]
[Senate]
[Pages S4640-S4641]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 3229. Mr. BLUMENTHAL submitted an amendment intended to be 
proposed to amendment SA 3224 proposed by Mr. Roberts (for himself and 
Ms. Stabenow) to the bill H.R. 2, to provide for the reform and 
continuation of agricultural and other programs of the Department of 
Agriculture through fiscal year 2023, and for other purposes; which was 
ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

       At the end of subtitle E of title XII, add the following:

     SEC. 125__. FOOD DATE LABELING.

       (a) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Administering secretaries.--The term ``administering 
     Secretaries'' means--
       (A) with respect to products described in paragraph (4)(A), 
     the Secretary; and
       (B) with respect to products described in paragraph (4)(B), 
     the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
       (2) Food labeler.--The term ``food labeler'' means the 
     producer, manufacturer, distributor, or retailer that places 
     a date label on food packaging of a product.
       (3) Quality date.--The term ``quality date'' means a date 
     voluntarily printed on food packaging that is intended to 
     communicate to consumers the date after which the quality of 
     the product may begin to deteriorate, but the product remains 
     apparently wholesome food (as defined in section 22(b) of the 
     Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1791(b))).
       (4) Ready-to-eat product.--The term ``ready-to-eat 
     product'' means--
       (A) with respect to a product under the jurisdiction of the 
     Secretary, a product that--
       (i) is in a form that is edible without additional 
     preparation to achieve food safety and may receive additional 
     preparation for palatability or aesthetic, epicurean, 
     gastronomic, or culinary purposes; and
       (ii) is--

       (I) a poultry product (as defined in section 4 of the 
     Poultry Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 453));
       (II) a meat food product (as defined in section 1 of the 
     Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 601)); or
       (III) an egg product (as defined in section 4 of the Egg 
     Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 1033)); and

       (B) with respect to a food (as defined in section 201 of 
     the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321)) 
     under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Health and Human 
     Services--
       (i) a food that is normally eaten in its raw state; or
       (ii) any other food, including a processed food, for which 
     it is reasonably foreseeable that the food will be eaten 
     without further processing that would significantly minimize 
     biological hazards.
       (5) Safety date.--The term ``safety date'' means a date 
     printed on food packaging of a high-risk ready-to-eat 
     product, which signifies the end of the estimated period of 
     shelf life under any stated storage conditions, after which 
     the product may pose a health safety risk.
       (b) Quality Dates and Safety Dates.--
       (1) Quality dates.--
       (A) In general.--If a food labeler includes a quality date 
     on food packaging, the label shall use the uniform quality 
     date label phrase under subparagraph (B).
       (B) Uniform phrase.--The uniform quality date label phrase 
     under this paragraph shall be ``BEST If Used By'', unless and 
     until the administering Secretaries, acting jointly, specify 
     through rulemaking another uniform phrase to be used for 
     purposes of complying with subparagraph (A).
       (C) Option of labeler.--The decision to include a quality 
     date on food packaging shall be at the discretion of the food 
     labeler.
       (2) Safety dates.--
       (A) In general.--The label of a ready-to-eat product that 
     meets the criteria established under subparagraph (C)(i) 
     shall include a safety date determined under subparagraph 
     (C)(ii) that is immediately preceded by the uniform safety 
     date label phrase under subparagraph (B).
       (B) Uniform phrase.--The uniform safety date label phrase 
     under this paragraph shall be ``USE By'', unless and until 
     the administering Secretaries jointly specify through 
     rulemaking another uniform phrase to be used for purposes of 
     complying with subparagraph (A).
       (C) High-risk ready-to-eat products.--The administering 
     Secretaries, acting jointly, shall issue guidance--
       (i) establishing criteria for determining the conditions 
     under which ready-to-eat products may have a high level of 
     risk associated with consumption after a certain date; and
       (ii) for determining safety dates for high-risk ready-to-
     eat products described in clause (i).
       (3) Quality date and safety date labeling.--
       (A) In general.--The quality date and safety date, as 
     applicable, and immediately adjacent uniform quality date 
     label phrase or safety date label phrase shall be--
       (i) in single easy-to-read type style; and
       (ii) located in a conspicuous place on the package of the 
     food.
       (B) Date format.--Each quality date and safety date shall 
     be stated in terms of day and month and, as appropriate, 
     year.
       (C) Abbreviations.--A food labeler may use a standard 
     abbreviation of ``BB'' and ``UB'' for the quality date and 
     safety date, respectively, only if the food packaging is too 
     small to include the uniform phrase described in paragraph 
     (1)(B) or (2)(B), as applicable.
       (D) Freeze by.--A food labeler may add ``or Freeze By'' 
     following a quality date or safety date uniform phrase 
     described in paragraph (1)(B) or (2)(B), as applicable.
       (4) Sale or donation after quality date.--The sale, 
     donation, or use of any product shall not be prohibited based 
     on passage of the quality date of the product.

[[Page S4641]]

       (5) Education.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the administering Secretaries, acting 
     jointly, shall provide consumer education and outreach on the 
     meaning of quality date and safety date food labels.
       (6) Rule of construction; preemption.--
       (A) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section 
     prohibits any State or political subdivision of a State from 
     establishing or continuing in effect any requirement that 
     prohibits the sale or donation of foods based on passage of 
     the safety date.
       (B) Preemption.--No State or political subdivision of a 
     State may establish or continue in effect any requirement 
     that--
       (i) relates to the inclusion in food labeling of a quality 
     date or a safety date that is different from or in addition 
     to, or that is otherwise not identical with, the requirements 
     under this section; or
       (ii) prohibits the sale or donation of foods based on 
     passage of the quality date.
       (C) Enforcement.--The administering Secretaries, acting 
     jointly and in coordination with the Federal Trade 
     Commission, shall ensure that the uniform quality date label 
     phrase and uniform safety date label phrase are standardized 
     across all food products.
       (D) Savings.--Nothing in this section, any amendment made 
     by this section, or any standard or requirement imposed 
     pursuant to this section preempts, displaces, or supplants 
     any State or Federal common law rights or any State or 
     Federal statute creating a remedy for civil relief, including 
     those for civil damage, or a penalty for criminal conduct.
       (7) Time temperature indicator labels.--Nothing in this 
     subsection prohibits or restricts the use of time-temperature 
     indicator labels or similar technology that is consistent 
     with the requirements of this section.
       (c) Misbranding Violation for Quality Dates and Safety 
     Dates in Food Labeling.--
       (1) FDA violations.--Section 403 of the Federal Food, Drug, 
     and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 343) is amended by adding at the 
     end the following:
       ``(z) if its labeling is in violation of section 402 of the 
     Food Recovery Act of 2017 (relating to quality dates and 
     safety dates).''.
       (2) Poultry products.--Section 4(h) of the Poultry Products 
     Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 453(h)) is amended--
       (A) in paragraph (11), by striking ``or'' at the end;
       (B) in paragraph (12), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; or''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(13) if it does not bear a label in accordance with 
     section 402 of the Food Recovery Act of 2017.''.
       (3) Meat products.--Section 1(n) of the Federal Meat 
     Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 601(n)) is amended--
       (A) in paragraph (11), by striking ``or'' at the end;
       (B) in paragraph (12), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; or''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(13) if it does not bear a label in accordance with 
     section 402 of the Food Recovery Act of 2017.''.
       (4) Egg products.--Section 7(b) of the Egg Products 
     Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 1036(b)) is amended in the first 
     sentence by adding before the period at the end ``or if it 
     does not bear a label in accordance with section 402 of the 
     Food Recovery Act of 2017''.
       (d) Regulations and Guidance.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the administering Secretaries, acting 
     jointly, shall--
       (A) promulgate final regulations for carrying out this 
     section and the amendments made by this section (other than 
     subsection (b)(2)(C)); and
       (B) issue the guidance required by subsection (b)(2)(C).
       (2) Updates to guidance.--Not less frequently than once 
     every 4 years, the administering Secretaries, acting jointly, 
     shall review and, as the administering Secretaries determine 
     to be appropriate, update the guidance required by subsection 
     (b)(2)(C).
       (e) Delayed Applicability.--This section and the amendments 
     made by this section shall apply only with respect to food 
     products that are labeled on or after the date that is 2 
     years after the date on which final regulations are 
     promulgated under subsection (d)(1)(A).
       (f) Report to Congress.--Not later than 5 years after the 
     date of enactment of this Act, the administering Secretaries, 
     acting jointly, shall report to the appropriate committees of 
     Congress on rates of compliance of food labelers with the 
     food date labeling requirements under this section and the 
     amendments made by this section.
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