[Congressional Record Volume 164, Number 108 (Wednesday, June 27, 2018)]
[House]
[Pages H5771-H5779]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




        DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE AND INNOVATION ACT OF 2018

  Mr. WEBER of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and pass 
the bill (H.R. 5905) to authorize basic research programs in the 
Department of Energy Office of Science for fiscal years 2018 and 2019, 
as amended.
  The Clerk read the title of the bill.
  The text of the bill is as follows:

                               H.R. 5905

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

       (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Department 
     of Energy Science and Innovation Act of 2018''.
       (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act 
     is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
Sec. 3. Mission.
Sec. 4. Basic energy sciences.
Sec. 5. Advanced scientific computing research.
Sec. 6. High energy physics.
Sec. 7. Biological and environmental research.
Sec. 8. Fusion energy.
Sec. 9. Nuclear physics.
Sec. 10. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
Sec. 11. Authorization of appropriations.

     SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

       In this Act:
       (1) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
     Department of Energy.

[[Page H5772]]

       (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
     the Office of Science of the Department.
       (3) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
     has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
       (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
     of Energy.

     SEC. 3. MISSION.

       Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 7139) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:
       ``(c) Mission.--The mission of the Office of Science shall 
     be the delivery of scientific discoveries, capabilities, and 
     major scientific tools to transform the understanding of 
     nature and to advance the energy, economic, and national 
     security of the United States.''.

     SEC. 4. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES.

       (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a program in 
     basic energy sciences, including materials sciences and 
     engineering, chemical sciences, physical biosciences, and 
     geosciences, for the purpose of providing the scientific 
     foundations for new energy technologies.
       (b) Mission.--The mission of the program described in 
     subsection (a) shall be to support fundamental research to 
     understand, predict, and ultimately control matter and energy 
     at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in order to 
     provide the foundations for new energy technologies and to 
     support Department missions in energy, environment, and 
     national security.
       (c) Basic Energy Sciences User Facilities.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program for 
     the development, construction, operation, and maintenance of 
     national user facilities.
       (2) Requirements.--To the maximum extent practicable, the 
     national user facilities developed, constructed, operated, or 
     maintained under paragraph (1) shall serve the needs of the 
     Department, industry, the academic community, and other 
     relevant entities to create and examine materials and 
     chemical processes for the purpose of improving the 
     competitiveness of the United States.
       (3) Included facilities.--The national user facilities 
     developed, constructed, operated, or maintained under 
     paragraph (1) shall include--
       (A) x-ray light sources;
       (B) neutron sources;
       (C) nanoscale science research centers; and
       (D) such other facilities as the Director considers 
     appropriate, consistent with section 209 of the Department of 
     Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139).
       (d) Basic Energy Sciences Research Infrastructure.--
       (1) Advanced photon source upgrade.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
     upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source described in the 
     publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory 
     Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ``Report on Facility 
     Upgrades'', including the development of a multi-bend 
     achromat lattice to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays 
     within the hard x-ray energy region and a suite of beamlines 
     optimized for this source.
       (B) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
       (i) Flux.--The term ``flux'' means the rate of flow of 
     photons.
       (ii) Hard x-ray.--The term ``hard x-ray'' means a photon 
     with energy greater than 20 kiloelectron volts.
       (C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
     maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
     operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before 
     December 31, 2025.
       (D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under section 11 for Basic Energy Sciences, there shall be 
     made available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade 
     under this paragraph--
       (i) $93,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and
       (ii) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.
       (2) Spallation neutron source proton power upgrade.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a proton 
     power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron Source.
       (B) Definition of proton power upgrade.--For the purposes 
     of this paragraph, the term ``proton power upgrade'' means 
     the Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade described in--
       (i) the publication of the Office of Science of the 
     Department of Energy titled ``Facilities for the Future of 
     Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook'', published December 2003;
       (ii) the publication of the Office of Science of the 
     Department of Energy titled ``Four Years Later: An Interim 
     Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year 
     Outlook'', published August 2007; and
       (iii) the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences 
     Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ``Report on 
     Facility Upgrades''.
       (C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
     maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
     operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before 
     December 31, 2025.
       (D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under section 11 for Basic Energy Sciences, there shall be 
     made available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade 
     under this paragraph--
       (i) $36,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and
       (ii) $60,800,000 for fiscal year 2019.
       (3) Spallation neutron source second target station.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a second 
     target station for the Spallation Neutron Source.
       (B) Definition of second target station.--For the purposes 
     of this paragraph, the term ``second target station'' means 
     the Spallation Neutron Source second target station described 
     in--
       (i) the publication of the Office of Science of the 
     Department of Energy titled ``Facilities for the Future of 
     Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook'', published December 2003;
       (ii) the publication of the Office of Science of the 
     Department of Energy titled ``Four Years Later: An Interim 
     Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year 
     Outlook'', published August 2007; and
       (iii) the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences 
     Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ``Report on 
     Facility Upgrades''.
       (C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
     maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
     operations of the second target station under this paragraph 
     occurs before December 31, 2030, with the option for early 
     operation in 2028.
       (D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under section 11 for Basic Energy Sciences, there shall be 
     made available to the Secretary to carry out activities, 
     including construction, under this paragraph--
       (i) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and
       (ii) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.
       (4) Advanced light source upgrade.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
     upgrade to the Advanced Light Source described in the 
     publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory 
     Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ``Report on Facility 
     Upgrades'', including the development of a multi-bend 
     achromat lattice to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays 
     within the soft x-ray energy region.
       (B) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
       (i) Flux.--The term ``flux'' means the rate of flow of 
     photons.
       (ii) Soft x-ray.--The term ``soft x-ray'' means a photon 
     with energy in the range from 50 to 2,000 electron volts.
       (C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
     maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
     operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before 
     December 31, 2026.
       (D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under section 11 for Basic Energy Sciences, there shall be 
     made available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade 
     under this paragraph--
       (i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and
       (ii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.
       (5) Linac coherent light source ii high energy upgrade.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
     upgrade to the Linac Coherent Light Source II facility 
     described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy 
     Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ``Report 
     on Facility Upgrades'', including the development of 
     experimental capabilities for high energy x-rays to reveal 
     fundamental scientific discoveries. The Secretary shall 
     ensure the upgrade under this paragraph enables the 
     production and use of high energy, ultra-short pulse x-rays 
     delivered at a high repetition rate.
       (B) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
       (i) High energy x-ray.--The term a ``high energy x-ray'' 
     means a photon with an energy at or exceeding 12 kiloelectron 
     volts.
       (ii) High repetition rate.--The term ``high repetition 
     rate'' means the delivery of x-ray pulses up to one million 
     pulses per second.
       (iii) Ultra-short pulse x-rays.--The term ``ultra-short 
     pulse x-rays'' means x-ray bursts capable of durations of 
     less than one hundred femtoseconds.
       (C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
     maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
     operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before 
     December 31, 2025.
       (D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under section 11 for Basic Energy Sciences, there shall be 
     made available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade 
     under this paragraph--
       (i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and
       (ii) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.
       (e) Accelerator Research and Development.--The Director 
     shall carry out research and development on advanced 
     accelerator and storage ring technologies relevant to the 
     development of Basic Energy Sciences user facilities, in 
     consultation with the Office of Science's High Energy Physics 
     and Nuclear Physics programs.
       (f) Solar Fuels Research Initiative.--
       (1) In general.--Section 973 of the Energy Policy Act of 
     2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended to read as follows:

     ``SEC. 973. SOLAR FUELS RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

       ``(a) Initiative.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a research 
     initiative, to be known as the `Solar Fuels Research 
     Initiative' (referred to in this section as the `Initiative') 
     to expand theoretical and fundamental knowledge of 
     photochemistry, electrochemistry, biochemistry, and materials 
     science useful for the practical development of experimental 
     systems to convert solar energy to chemical energy.
       ``(2) Leveraging.--In carrying out programs and activities 
     under the Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise 
     and resources from--

[[Page H5773]]

       ``(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program and the Biological 
     and Environmental Research Program of the Office of Science; 
     and
       ``(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
       ``(3) Teams.--
       ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the Initiative, the 
     Secretary shall organize activities among multidisciplinary 
     teams to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable, 
     expertise from the National Laboratories, institutions of 
     higher education, and the private sector.
       ``(B) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams described in 
     subparagraph (A) shall pursue aggressive, milestone-driven, 
     basic research goals.
       ``(C) Resources.--The Secretary shall provide sufficient 
     resources to the multidisciplinary teams described in 
     subparagraph (A) to achieve the goals described in 
     subparagraph (B) over a period of time to be determined by 
     the Secretary.
       ``(4) Additional activities.--The Secretary may organize 
     additional activities under this subsection through Energy 
     Frontier Research Centers, Energy Innovation Hubs, or other 
     organizational structures.
       ``(b) Artificial Photosynthesis.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the 
     Initiative a program to support research needed to bridge 
     scientific barriers to, and discover knowledge relevant to, 
     artificial photosynthetic systems.
       ``(2) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
     paragraph (1)--
       ``(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences 
     shall support basic research to pursue distinct lines of 
     scientific inquiry, including--
       ``(i) photoinduced production of hydrogen and oxygen from 
     water; and
       ``(ii) the sustainable photoinduced reduction of carbon 
     dioxide to fuel products including hydrocarbons, alcohols, 
     carbon monoxide, and natural gas; and
       ``(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and 
     Renewable Energy shall support translational research, 
     development, and validation of physical concepts developed 
     under the program.
       ``(3) Standard of review.--The Secretary shall review 
     activities carried out under the program described in 
     paragraph (1) to determine the achievement of technical 
     milestones.
       ``(4) Funding.--
       ``(A) In general.--From within funds authorized to be 
     appropriated under section 11 of the Department of Energy 
     Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy 
     Sciences, the Secretary shall make available for carrying out 
     activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of 
     fiscal years 2018 through 2019.
       ``(B) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program 
     described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for 
     commercial application of energy technology.
       ``(c) Biochemistry, Replication of Natural Photosynthesis, 
     and Related Processes.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the 
     Initiative a program to support research needed to replicate 
     natural photosynthetic processes by use of artificial 
     photosynthetic components and materials.
       ``(2) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
     paragraph (1)--
       ``(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences 
     shall support basic research to expand fundamental knowledge 
     to replicate natural synthesis processes, including--
       ``(i) the photoinduced reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia;
       ``(ii) the absorption of carbon dioxide from ambient air;
       ``(iii) molecular-based charge separation and storage;
       ``(iv) photoinitiated electron transfer; and
       ``(v) catalysis in biological or biomimetic systems;
       ``(B) the Associate Director of Biological and 
     Environmental Research shall support systems biology and 
     genomics approaches to understand genetic and physiological 
     pathways connected to photosynthetic mechanisms; and
       ``(C) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and 
     Renewable Energy shall support translational research, 
     development, and validation of physical concepts developed 
     under the program.
       ``(3) Standard of review.--The Secretary shall review 
     activities carried out under the program described in 
     paragraph (1) to determine the achievement of technical 
     milestones.
       ``(4) Funding.--
       ``(A) In general.--From within funds authorized to be 
     appropriated under section 11 of the Department of Energy 
     Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 
     and Biological and Environmental Research, the Secretary 
     shall make available for carrying out activities under this 
     subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 
     2019.
       ``(B) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program 
     described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for 
     commercial application of energy technology.''.
       (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of contents for the 
     Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended by striking the item 
     relating to section 973 and inserting the following:

``Sec. 973. Solar fuels research initiative.''.

       (g) Electricity Storage Research Initiative.--
       (1) In general.--Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of 
     2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is amended to read as follows:

     ``SEC. 975. ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

       ``(a) Initiative.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a research 
     initiative, to be known as the `Electricity Storage Research 
     Initiative' (referred to in this section as the 
     `Initiative')--
       ``(A) to expand theoretical and fundamental knowledge to 
     control, store, and convert--
       ``(i) electrical energy to chemical energy; and
       ``(ii) chemical energy to electrical energy; and
       ``(B) to support scientific inquiry into the practical 
     understanding of chemical and physical processes that occur 
     within systems involving crystalline and amorphous solids, 
     polymers, and organic and aqueous liquids.
       ``(2) Leveraging.--In carrying out programs and activities 
     under the Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise 
     and resources from--
       ``(A) the Basic Energy Sciences Program, the Advanced 
     Scientific Computing Research Program, and the Biological and 
     Environmental Research Program of the Office of Science; and
       ``(B) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
       ``(3) Teams.--
       ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the Initiative, the 
     Secretary shall organize activities among multidisciplinary 
     teams to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable, 
     expertise from the National Laboratories, institutions of 
     higher education, and the private sector.
       ``(B) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams described in 
     subparagraph (A) shall pursue aggressive, milestone-driven, 
     basic research goals.
       ``(C) Resources.--The Secretary shall provide sufficient 
     resources to the multidisciplinary teams described in 
     subparagraph (A) to achieve the goals described in 
     subparagraph (B) over a period of time to be determined by 
     the Secretary.
       ``(4) Additional activities.--The Secretary may organize 
     additional activities under this subsection through Energy 
     Frontier Research Centers, Energy Innovation Hubs, or other 
     organizational structures.
       ``(b) Multivalent Systems.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the 
     Initiative a program to support research needed to bridge 
     scientific barriers to, and discover knowledge relevant to, 
     multivalent ion materials in electric energy storage systems.
       ``(2) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
     paragraph (1)--
       ``(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences 
     shall investigate electrochemical properties and the dynamics 
     of materials, including charge transfer phenomena and mass 
     transport in materials; and
       ``(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and 
     Renewable Energy shall support translational research, 
     development, and validation of physical concepts developed 
     under the program.
       ``(3) Standard of review.--The Secretary shall review 
     activities carried out under the program described in 
     paragraph (1) to determine the achievement of technical 
     milestones.
       ``(4) Funding.--
       ``(A) In general.--From within funds authorized to be 
     appropriated under section 11 of the Department of Energy 
     Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 
     and Biological and Environmental Research, the Secretary 
     shall make available for carrying out activities under this 
     subsection $50,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2018 
     through 2019.
       ``(B) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program 
     described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for 
     commercial application of energy technology.
       ``(c) Electrochemistry Modeling and Simulation.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the 
     Initiative a program to support research to model and 
     simulate organic electrolytes, including the static and 
     dynamic electrochemical behavior and phenomena of organic 
     electrolytes at the molecular and atomic level in monovalent 
     and multivalent systems.
       ``(2) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
     paragraph (1)--
       ``(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, 
     in coordination with the Associate Director of Advanced 
     Scientific Computing Research, shall support the development 
     of high performance computational tools through a joint 
     development process to maximize the effectiveness of current 
     and projected high performance computing systems; and
       ``(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and 
     Renewable Energy shall support translational research, 
     development, and validation of physical concepts developed 
     under the program.
       ``(3) Standard of review.--The Secretary shall review 
     activities carried out under the program described in 
     paragraph (1) to determine the achievement of technical 
     milestones.
       ``(4) Funding.--
       ``(A) In general.--From within funds authorized to be 
     appropriated under section 11 of the Department of Energy 
     Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 
     and Advanced Scientific Computing Research, the Secretary 
     shall make available for carrying out activities under this

[[Page H5774]]

     subsection $30,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2018 
     through 2019.
       ``(B) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program 
     described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for 
     commercial application of energy technology.
       ``(d) Mesoscale Electrochemistry.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under the 
     Initiative a program to support research needed to reveal 
     electrochemistry in confined mesoscale spaces, including 
     scientific discoveries relevant to--
       ``(A) bio-electrochemistry and electrochemical energy 
     conversion and storage in confined spaces; and
       ``(B) the dynamics of the phenomena described in 
     subparagraph (A).
       ``(2) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
     paragraph (1)--
       ``(A) the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences 
     and the Associate Director of Biological and Environmental 
     Research shall investigate phenomena of mesoscale 
     electrochemical confinement for the purpose of replicating 
     and controlling new electrochemical behavior; and
       ``(B) the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and 
     Renewable Energy shall support translational research, 
     development, and validation of physical concepts developed 
     under the program.
       ``(3) Standard of review.--The Secretary shall review 
     activities carried out under the program described in 
     paragraph (1) to determine the achievement of technical 
     milestones.
       ``(4) Funding.--
       ``(A) In general.--From within funds authorized to be 
     appropriated under section 11 of the Department of Energy 
     Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for Basic Energy Sciences 
     and Biological and Environmental Research, the Secretary 
     shall make available for carrying out activities under this 
     subsection $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 
     2019.
       ``(B) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program 
     described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for 
     commercial application of energy technology.''.
       (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of contents for the 
     Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended by striking the item 
     relating to section 975 and inserting the following:

``Sec. 975. Electricity storage research initiative.''.

       (h) Energy Frontier Research Centers.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program to 
     provide awards, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, to 
     multi-institutional collaborations or other appropriate 
     entities to conduct fundamental and use-inspired energy 
     research to accelerate scientific breakthroughs.
       (2) Collaborations.--A collaboration receiving an award 
     under this subsection may include multiple types of 
     institutions and private sector entities.
       (3) Selection and duration.--
       (A) In general.--A collaboration under this subsection 
     shall be selected for a period of 4 years.
       (B) Existing centers.--An Energy Frontier Research Center 
     in existence and supported by the Director on the date of 
     enactment of this Act may continue to receive support for a 
     period of 4 years beginning on the date of establishment of 
     that center.
       (C) Reapplication.--After the end of the period described 
     in subparagraph (A) or (B), as applicable, a recipient of an 
     award may reapply for selection on a competitive, merit-
     reviewed basis.
       (D) Termination.--Consistent with the existing authorities 
     of the Department, the Director may terminate an 
     underperforming center for cause during the performance 
     period.
       (i) Materials Research Database.--
       (1) In general.--As part of the program in materials 
     sciences and engineering, the Director shall support the 
     development of a web-based platform to provide access to a 
     database of computed information on known and predicted 
     materials properties and computational tools to accelerate 
     breakthroughs in materials discovery and design.
       (2) In carrying out this section, the Director shall--
       (A) conduct cooperative research with industry, academia, 
     and other research institutions to facilitate the design of 
     novel materials;
       (B) leverage existing high performance computing systems to 
     conduct high-throughput calculations, and develop 
     computational and data mining algorithms for the prediction 
     of material properties;
       (C) advance understanding, prediction, and manipulation of 
     materials;
       (D) strengthen the foundation for new technologies and 
     advanced manufacturing; and
       (E) drive the development of advanced materials for 
     applications that span the Department's missions in energy, 
     environment, and national security.
       (3) In carrying out this section, the Director shall 
     leverage programs and activities across the Department.

     SEC. 5. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH.

       (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a research, 
     development, and demonstration program to advance 
     computational and networking capabilities to analyze, model, 
     simulate, and predict complex phenomena relevant to the 
     development of new energy technologies and the 
     competitiveness of the United States.
       (b) American Super Computing Leadership.--
       (1) Renaming of act.--
       (A) In general.--Section 1 of the Department of Energy 
     High-End Computing Revitalization Act of 2004 (15 U.S.C. 5501 
     note; Public Law 108-423) is amended by striking ``Department 
     of Energy High-End Computing Revitalization Act of 2004'' and 
     inserting ``American Super Computing Leadership Act''.
       (B) Conforming amendment.--Section 976(a)(1) of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316(1)) is amended by 
     striking ``Department of Energy High-End Computing 
     Revitalization Act of 2004'' and inserting ``American Super 
     Computing Leadership Act''.
       (2) Definitions.--Section 2 of the American Super Computing 
     Leadership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), as renamed by paragraph (1), 
     is amended--
       (A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (5) as 
     paragraphs (3) through (6), respectively;
       (B) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
       ``(1) Department.--The term `Department' means the 
     Department of Energy.
       ``(2) Exascale computing.--The term `exascale computing' 
     means computing through the use of a computing machine that 
     performs near or above 10 to the 18th power operations per 
     second.''; and
       (C) in paragraph (6) (as redesignated by subparagraph (A)), 
     by striking ``, acting through the Director of the Office of 
     Science of the Department of Energy''.
       (3) Department of energy high-end computing research and 
     development program.--Section 3 of the American Super 
     Computing Leadership Act (15 U.S.C. 5542), as renamed by 
     paragraph (1), is amended--
       (A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``program'' and 
     inserting ``coordinated program across the Department'';
       (B) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ``, which may'' and 
     all that follows through ``multithreading architectures''; 
     and
       (C) by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following:
       ``(d) Exascale Computing Program.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct a research 
     program (referred to in this subsection as the `Program') for 
     exascale computing, including the development of two or more 
     exascale computing machine architectures, to promote the 
     missions of the Department.
       ``(2) Execution.--
       ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the 
     Secretary shall--
       ``(i) establish a National Laboratory partnership for 
     industry partners and institutions of higher education for 
     codesign of exascale hardware, technology, software, and 
     applications across all applicable organizations of the 
     Department;
       ``(ii) acquire multiple exascale computing systems at the 
     existing Departmental facilities that represent at least two 
     distinct technology options developed under clause (i);
       ``(iii) develop such advancements in hardware and software 
     technology as are required to fully realize the potential of 
     an exascale production system in addressing Department target 
     applications and solving scientific problems involving 
     predictive modeling and simulation, large scale data 
     analytics and management, and artificial intelligence;
       ``(iv) explore the use of exascale computing technologies 
     to advance a broad range of science and engineering; and
       ``(v) provide, as appropriate, on a competitive, merit-
     reviewed basis, access for researchers in industries in the 
     United States, institutions of higher education, National 
     Laboratories, and other Federal agencies to the exascale 
     computing systems developed pursuant to clause (i).
       ``(B) Selection of partners.--The Secretary shall select 
     the partnerships with the computing facilities of the 
     Department under subparagraph (A) through a competitive, 
     peer-review process.
       ``(3) Codesign and application development.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall--
       ``(i) carry out the Program through an integration of 
     applications, computer science, applied mathematics, and 
     computer hardware architecture using the partnerships 
     established pursuant to paragraph (2) to ensure that, to the 
     maximum extent practicable, two or more exascale computing 
     machine architectures are capable of solving Department 
     target applications and broader scientific problems, 
     including predictive modeling and simulation, large scale 
     data analytics and management, and artificial intelligence; 
     and
       ``(ii) conduct outreach programs to increase the readiness 
     for the use of such platforms by domestic industries, 
     including manufacturers.
       ``(B) Report.--(i) The Secretary shall submit to Congress a 
     report describing how the integration under subparagraph (A) 
     is furthering application science data and computational 
     workloads across application interests, including national 
     security, material science, physical science, cybersecurity, 
     biological science, the Materials Genome and BRAIN 
     Initiatives of the President, advanced manufacturing, and the 
     national electric grid.
       ``(ii) The roles and responsibilities of National 
     Laboratories and industry, including the definition of the 
     roles and responsibilities within the Department to ensure an 
     integrated program across the Department.
       ``(4) Project review.--

[[Page H5775]]

       ``(A) In general.--The exascale architectures developed 
     pursuant to partnerships established pursuant to paragraph 
     (2) shall be reviewed through a project review process.
       ``(B) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall submit to 
     Congress a report on--
       ``(i) the results of the review conducted under 
     subparagraph (A); and
       ``(ii) the coordination and management of the Program to 
     ensure an integrated research program across the Department.
       ``(5) Annual reports.--At the time of the budget submission 
     of the Department for each fiscal year, the Secretary, in 
     consultation with the members of the partnerships established 
     pursuant to paragraph (2), shall submit to Congress a report 
     that describes funding for the Program as a whole by 
     functional element of the Department and critical 
     milestones.''.
       (c) High-performance Computing and Networking Research.--
     The Director shall support research in high-performance 
     computing and networking relevant to energy applications, 
     including modeling, simulation, machine learning, and 
     advanced data analytics for basic and applied energy research 
     programs carried out by the Secretary.
       (d) Applied Mathematics and Software Development for High-
     end Computing Systems, Computational, and Computer Sciences 
     Research.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out activities to 
     develop, test, and support--
       (A) mathematics, models, statistics, and algorithms for 
     complex systems and programming environments; and
       (B) tools, languages, and operations for high-end computing 
     systems (as defined in section 2 of the American Super 
     Computing Leadership Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), as renamed by this 
     section).
       (2) Portfolio balance.--The Director shall maintain a 
     balanced portfolio within the advanced scientific computing 
     research and development program established under section 
     976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316) that 
     supports robust investment in applied mathematical, 
     computational, and computer sciences research while 
     accommodating necessary investments in high-performance 
     computing hardware and facilities.
       (e) Workforce Development.--The Director of the Office of 
     Advanced Scientific Computing Research shall support the 
     development of a computational science workforce through a 
     program that--
       (1) facilitates collaboration between university students 
     and researchers at the National Laboratories; and
       (2) endeavors to advance science in areas relevant to the 
     mission of the Department through the application of 
     computational science.

     SEC. 6. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS.

       (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a research 
     program on the fundamental constituents of matter and energy 
     and the nature of space and time.
       (b) Mission.--The mission of the program described in 
     subsection (a) shall be to support theoretical and 
     experimental research in both elementary particle physics and 
     fundamental accelerator science and technology to understand 
     fundamental properties of the universe.
       (c) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of the Congress 
     that--
       (1) the Director should incorporate the findings and 
     recommendations of the Particle Physics Project 
     Prioritization Panel's report entitled ``Building for 
     Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in the 
     Global Context'', into the Department's planning process as 
     part of the program described in subsection (a);
       (2) the Director should prioritize domestically hosted 
     research projects that will maintain the United States 
     position as a global leader in particle physics and attract 
     the world's most talented physicists and foreign investment 
     for international collaboration; and
       (3) the nations that lead in particle physics by hosting 
     international teams dedicated to a common scientific goal 
     attract the world's best talent and inspire future 
     generations of physicists and technologists.
       (d) Neutrino Research.--As part of the program described in 
     subsection (a), the Director shall carry out research 
     activities on rare decay processes and the nature of the 
     neutrino, which may include collaborations with the National 
     Science Foundation or international collaborations.
       (e) Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility for Deep Underground 
     Neutrino Experiment.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a Long-
     Baseline Neutrino Facility to facilitate the international 
     Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment to enable a program in 
     neutrino physics to measure the fundamental properties of 
     neutrinos, explore physics beyond the Standard Model, and 
     better clarify the nature of matter and antimatter.
       (2) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
     the facility described in paragraph (1) will provide, at a 
     minimum, the following capabilities:
       (A) A broad-band neutrino beam capable of 1.2 megawatts 
     (MW) of beam power and upgradable to 2.4 MW of beam power.
       (B) Four caverns excavated for a forty kiloton fiducial 
     detector mass and supporting surface buildings and utilities.
       (C) Neutrino detector facilities at both the Far Site in 
     South Dakota and the Near Site in Illinois to categorize and 
     study neutrinos on their 800-mile journey between the two 
     sites.
       (D) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino detectors.
       (3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
     maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
     operations of the facility under this subsection occurs 
     before December 31, 2026.
       (4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under section 11 for High Energy Physics, there shall be made 
     available to the Secretary to carry out activities, including 
     construction of the facility, under this subsection--
       (A) $95,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and
       (B) $175,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.
       (5) Dark energy and dark matter research.--As part of the 
     program described in paragraph (1), the Director shall carry 
     out research activities on the nature of dark energy and dark 
     matter, which may include collaborations with the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration or the National Science 
     Foundation, or international collaborations.
       (6) International collaboration.--The Director, as 
     practicable and in coordination with other appropriate 
     Federal agencies as necessary, shall ensure the access of 
     United States researchers to the most advanced accelerator 
     facilities and research capabilities in the world, including 
     the Large Hadron Collider.

     SEC. 7. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH.

       (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a program of 
     basic research in the areas of biological systems science and 
     environmental science relevant to the development of new 
     energy technologies and to support Department missions in 
     energy, environment, and national security.
       (b) Biological Systems.--The Director shall carry out 
     research and development activities in fundamental, 
     structural, computational, and systems biology to increase 
     systems-level understanding of the complex biological 
     systems, which may include activities--
       (1) to accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that 
     would enable the cost-effective, sustainable production of--
       (A) biomass-based liquid transportation fuels;
       (B) bioenergy; and
       (C) biobased materials;
       (2) to improve understanding of the global carbon cycle, 
     including processes for removing carbon dioxide from the 
     atmosphere, through photosynthesis and other biological 
     processes, for sequestration and storage; and
       (3) to understand the biological mechanisms used to 
     transform, immobilize, or remove contaminants from subsurface 
     environments.
       (c) Bioenergy Research Centers.--
       (1) In general.--In carrying out activities under 
     subsection (a), the Director shall select and establish up to 
     4 bioenergy research centers to conduct basic and fundamental 
     research in plant and microbial systems biology, bio imaging 
     and analysis, and genomics to inform the production of fuels, 
     chemicals from sustainable biomass resources, and to 
     facilitate the translation of basic research results to 
     industry.
       (2) Selection.--The Director shall select centers under 
     paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The 
     Director shall consider applications from National 
     Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations, and other 
     appropriate entities.
       (3) Duration.--A center established under this subsection 
     shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, 
     subject to the availability of appropriations.
       (4) Existing centers.--The Director may select a center for 
     participation under this subsection that is in existence, or 
     undergoing a renewal process, on the date of enactment of 
     this Act. Such center shall be eligible to receive support 
     for the duration the 5-year period beginning on the date of 
     establishment of such center.
       (5) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period of support 
     of a center under this subsection, the Director may renew 
     support for the center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a 
     period of not more than 5 years.
       (6) Termination.--Consistent with the existing authorities 
     of the Department, the Director may terminate an 
     underperforming center for cause during the performance 
     period.
       (d) Low Dose Radiation Research Program.--
       (1) In general.--Subtitle G of title IX of the Energy 
     Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16311 et seq.) is amended by 
     inserting after section 977 the following new section:

     ``SEC. 977A. LOW-DOSE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a basic 
     research program on low-dose radiation to--
       ``(1) enhance the scientific understanding of, and reduce 
     uncertainties associated with, the effects of exposure to 
     low-dose radiation; and
       ``(2) inform improved risk-assessment and risk-management 
     methods with respect to such radiation.
       ``(b) Program Components.--In carrying out the program 
     required under subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
       ``(1) formulate scientific goals for low-dose radiation 
     basic research in the United States;

[[Page H5776]]

       ``(2) identify ongoing scientific challenges for 
     understanding the long-term effects of ionizing radiation on 
     biological systems;
       ``(3) develop a long-term strategic and prioritized basic 
     research agenda to address such scientific challenges in 
     coordination with other research efforts;
       ``(4) leverage the collective body of knowledge from 
     existing low-dose radiation research; and
       ``(5) engage with other Federal agencies, research 
     communities, and potential users of information produced 
     under this section, including institutions concerning 
     radiation research, medical physics, radiology, health 
     physics, and emergency response.
       ``(c) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the 
     Secretary, in coordination with the Physical Science 
     Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Council, 
     shall--
       ``(1) support the directives under section 106 of the 
     American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 6601 
     note);
       ``(2) ensure that the Office of Science of the Department 
     of Energy consults with the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration, the National Institutes of Health, the 
     Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Defense, 
     the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Department of 
     Homeland Security;
       ``(3) advise and assist the National Science and Technology 
     Council on policies and initiatives in radiation biology, 
     including enhancing scientific knowledge of the effects of 
     low-dose radiation on biological systems to improve radiation 
     risk-assessment and risk-management methods; and
       ``(4) identify opportunities to stimulate international 
     cooperation relating to low-dose radiation and leverage 
     research and knowledge from sources outside of the United 
     States.
       ``(d) Research Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit 
     to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 
     House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and 
     Natural Resources of the Senate a 4-year research plan that 
     identifies and prioritizes basic research needs relating to 
     low-dose radiation. In developing such plan, the Secretary 
     shall incorporate the components described in subsection (b).
       ``(e) Definition of Low-dose Radiation.--In this section, 
     the term `low-dose radiation' means a radiation dose of less 
     than 100 millisieverts.
       ``(f) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall 
     be construed to subject any research carried out by the 
     Secretary for the program under this section to any 
     limitations described in 977(e) of the Energy Policy Act of 
     2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317(e)).
       ``(g) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be 
     appropriated under section 11 of the Department of Energy 
     Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for Biological and 
     Environmental Research, the Secretary make available to carry 
     out this section--
       ``(1) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and
       ``(2) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.''.
       (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of contents for 
     subtitle G of title IX of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 is 
     amended by inserting after the item relating to section 977 
     the following:

``977A. Low-dose radiation research program.''.
       (e) Modeling Research.--As part of the activities described 
     in subsection (a), the Director is authorized to carry out 
     research to develop multiscale computational models that 
     incorporate and examine interactions among human and earth 
     systems.
       (f) Limitation for Research Funds.--The Director shall not 
     approve new climate science-related initiatives without 
     making a determination that such work is well-coordinated 
     with any relevant work carried out by other Federal agencies.

     SEC. 8. FUSION ENERGY.

       (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a fusion energy 
     sciences research program to expand the understanding of 
     plasmas and matter at very high temperatures and densities 
     and build the science and engineering foundation needed to 
     develop a fusion energy source.
       (b) Inertial Fusion Energy Research and Development 
     Program.--The Secretary shall carry out a program of research 
     and technology development in inertial fusion for energy 
     applications, including ion beam, laser, and pulsed power 
     fusion systems.
       (c) Tokamak Research and Development.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall support research and 
     development activities and facility operations to optimize 
     the tokamak approach to fusion energy.
       (2) International thermonuclear experimental reactor 
     construction.--Section 972 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 
     (42 U.S.C. 16312) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new paragraph:
       ``(7) ITER construction.--
       ``(A) In general.--There is authorized United States 
     participation in the construction and operations of the ITER 
     project, as agreed to under the April 25, 2007 `Agreement on 
     the Establishment of the ITER International Fusion Energy 
     Organization for the Joint Implementation of the ITER 
     Project.'.
       ``(B) Facility requirements.--The Secretary shall ensure 
     that the mission-oriented user facility will enable the study 
     of a burning plasma, and shall be built to have the following 
     characteristics in its full configuration:
       ``(i) A tokamak device with a plasma radius of 6.2 meters 
     and a magnetic field of 5.3 T.
       ``(ii) Capable of creating and sustaining a 15-million-
     Ampere plasma current for greater than 300 seconds.
       ``(C) Authorization of appropriations.--From within funds 
     authorized to be appropriated under section 11 of the 
     Department of Energy Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for 
     Fusion Energy Sciences, there is authorized for in-kind 
     contributions under this paragraph--
       ``(i) $122,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and
       ``(ii) $163,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.
       ``(D) Authorization of appropriations.--From within funds 
     authorized to be appropriated under section 11 of the 
     Department of Energy Science and Innovation Act of 2018, for 
     Fusion Energy Sciences, there is authorized for cash 
     contributions under this paragraph--
       ``(i) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; and
       ``(ii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.''.
       (d) Alternative and Enabling Concepts.--
       (1) In general.--As part of the program described in 
     subsection (a), the Director shall support research and 
     development activities and facility operations at United 
     States universities, national laboratories, and private 
     facilities for a portfolio of alternative and enabling fusion 
     energy concepts that may provide solutions to significant 
     challenges to the establishment of a commercial magnetic 
     fusion power plant, prioritized based on the ability of the 
     United States to play a leadership role in the international 
     fusion research community. Fusion energy concepts and 
     activities explored under this paragraph may include--
       (A) high magnetic field approaches facilitated by high 
     temperature superconductors;
       (B) advanced stellarator concepts;
       (C) non-tokamak confinement configurations operating at low 
     magnetic fields;
       (D) magnetized target fusion energy concepts;
       (E) liquid metals to address issues associated with fusion 
     plasma interactions with the inner wall of the encasing 
     device;
       (F) immersion blankets for heat management and fuel 
     breeding;
       (G) advanced scientific computing activities; and
       (H) other promising fusion energy concepts identified by 
     the Director.
       (2) Coordination with arpa-e.--The Under Secretary and the 
     Director shall coordinate with the Director of the Advanced 
     Research Projects Agency-Energy (in this paragraph referred 
     to as ``ARPA-E'') to--
       (A) assess the potential for any fusion energy project 
     supported by ARPA-E to represent a promising approach to a 
     commercially viable fusion power plant;
       (B) determine whether the results of any fusion energy 
     project supported by ARPA-E merit the support of follow-on 
     research activities carried out by the Office of Science; and
       (C) avoid unintentional duplication of activities.
       (e) Fairness in Competition for Solicitations for 
     International Project Activities.--Section 33 of the Atomic 
     Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2053) is amended by inserting 
     before the first sentence the following: ``In this section, 
     with respect to international research projects, the term 
     `private facilities or laboratories' means facilities or 
     laboratories located in the United States.''.
       (f) Identification of Priorities.--
       (1) Report.--
       (A) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress 
     a report on the fusion energy research and development 
     activities that the Department proposes to carry out over the 
     10-year period following the date of the report under not 
     fewer than 3 realistic budget scenarios, including a scenario 
     based on 3-percent annual growth in the non-ITER portion of 
     the budget for fusion energy research and development 
     activities.
       (B) Inclusions.--The report required under subparagraph (A) 
     shall--
       (i) identify specific areas of fusion energy research and 
     enabling technology development, including activities to 
     advance inertial and alternative fusion energy concepts, in 
     which the United States can and should establish or solidify 
     a lead in the global fusion energy development effort;
       (ii) identify priorities for initiation of facility 
     construction and facility decommissioning under each of the 
     three budget scenarios described in subparagraph (A); and
       (iii) assess the ability of the fusion workforce of the 
     United States to carry out the activities identified under 
     clauses (i) and (ii), including the adequacy of programs at 
     institutions of higher education in the United States to 
     train the leaders and workers of the next generation of 
     fusion energy researchers.
       (2) Process.--In order to develop the report required under 
     paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall leverage best practices 
     and lessons learned from the process used to develop the most 
     recent report of the Particle Physics Project Prioritization 
     Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel.
       (3) Requirement.--No member of the Fusion Energy Sciences 
     Advisory Committee shall be excluded from participating in 
     developing or voting on final approval of the report required 
     under paragraph (1)(A).

     SEC. 9. NUCLEAR PHYSICS.

       (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a program of 
     experimental and theoretical

[[Page H5777]]

     research, and support associated facilities, to discover, 
     explore, and understand all forms of nuclear matter.
       (b) Isotope Development and Production for Research 
     Applications.--The Director--
       (1) may carry out a program for the production of isotopes, 
     including the development of techniques to produce isotopes, 
     that the Secretary determines are needed for research, 
     medical, industrial, or related purposes; and
       (2) shall ensure that isotope production activities carried 
     out under the program under this paragraph do not compete 
     with private industry unless the Director determines that 
     critical national interests require the involvement of the 
     Federal Government.
       (c) Renaming of the Rare Isotope Accelerator.--Section 981 
     of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16321) is 
     amended--
       (1) in the section heading, by striking ``rare isotope 
     accelerator'' and inserting ``facility for rare isotope 
     beams''; and
       (2) by striking ``Rare Isotope Accelerator'' each place it 
     appears and inserting ``Facility for Rare Isotope Beams''.
       (d) Facility for Rare Isotope Beams.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a Facility 
     for Rare Isotope Beams to advance the understanding of rare 
     nuclear isotopes and the evolution of the cosmos.
       (2) Facility capability.--In carrying out paragraph (1), 
     the Secretary shall provide for, at a minimum, a rare isotope 
     beam facility capable of 400 kW of beam power.
       (3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
     maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
     operations of the facility under this subsection occurs 
     before June 30, 2022, with early operation in 2018.
       (4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
     under section 11 for Nuclear Physics, there shall be made 
     available to the Secretary to carry out activities, including 
     construction of the facility, under this subsection--
       (A) $101,200,000 for fiscal year 2018; and
       (B) $86,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.

     SEC. 10. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.

       (a) In General.--The Director shall carry out a program to 
     improve the safety, efficiency, and mission readiness of 
     infrastructure at Office of Science laboratories. The program 
     shall include projects to--
       (1) renovate or replace space that does not meet research 
     needs;
       (2) replace facilities that are no longer cost effective to 
     renovate or operate;
       (3) modernize utility systems to prevent failures and 
     ensure efficiency;
       (4) remove excess facilities to allow safe and efficient 
     operations; and
       (5) construct modern facilities to conduct advanced 
     research in controlled environmental conditions.
       (b) Approach.--In carrying out this section, the Director 
     shall utilize all available approaches and mechanisms, 
     including capital line items, minor construction projects, 
     energy savings performance contracts, utility energy service 
     contracts, alternative financing, and expense funding, as 
     appropriate.

     SEC. 11. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       (a) Fiscal Year 2018.--There are authorized to be 
     appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Science for 
     fiscal year 2018 $6,259,903,000, of which--
       (1) $2,090,000,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
       (2) $908,000,000 shall be for High Energy Physics;
       (3) $673,000,000 shall be for Biological and Environmental 
     Research;
       (4) $684,000,000 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
       (5) $810,000,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific Computing 
     Research;
       (6) $532,111,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
       (7) $257,292,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
     Infrastructure;
       (8) $183,000,000 shall be for Science Program Direction;
       (9) $103,000,000 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
       (10) $19,500,000 shall be for Workforce Development for 
     Teachers and Scientists.
       (b) Fiscal Year 2019.--There are authorized to be 
     appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Science for 
     fiscal year 2019 $6,600,000,000, of which--
       (1) $2,129,233,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
       (2) $1,004,510,000 shall be for High Energy Physics;
       (3) $673,000,000 shall be for Biological and Environmental 
     Research;
       (4) $690,000,000 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
       (5) $899,010,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific Computing 
     Research;
       (6) $640,000,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
       (7) $257,292,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
     Infrastructure;
       (8) $181,345,000 shall be for Science Program Direction;
       (9) $106,110,000 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
       (10) $19,500,000 shall be for Workforce Development for 
     Teachers and Scientists.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the rule, the gentleman from 
Texas (Mr. Weber) and the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Veasey) each will 
control 20 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Weber).


                             General Leave

  Mr. WEBER of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all 
Members may have 5 legislative days to revise and extend their remarks 
and include extraneous material on H.R. 5905, the bill under 
consideration.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Texas?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. WEBER of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 5905, the Department of Energy 
Science and Innovation Act of 2018.
  This legislation authorizes the Department of Energy's Office of 
Science programs for fiscal years 2018 and 2019. It also authorizes 
upgrades and new construction of major user facilities at the 
Department of Energy national labs and universities.
  Over the past 4 years, the Energy Subcommittee has met with 
stakeholders, held hearings, and worked extensively with our colleagues 
to draft the language included in today's legislation. During this 
comprehensive process, we spoke with DOE officials, directors of DOE 
national labs, academia, and industry representatives about the right 
priorities for these Office of Science programs. The result was a 
series of bills that the Science, Space, and Technology Committee has 
advanced through the House this Congress, including H.R. 589, H.R. 
4376, H.R. 4377, and H.R. 4675.
  The legislation we will consider today combines these bills to form a 
bipartisan authorization of the department's basic science research. 
This includes more than $6 billion in fundamental research and 
discovery science, largely performed at DOE national laboratories and 
user facilities around the country.
  Last month, I had the opportunity to visit a number of these 
facilities at Argonne National Laboratory and Fermi National 
Accelerator Laboratory with several of my Science, Space, and 
Technology Committee colleagues. We got to see firsthand the incredible 
work that those researchers do for our country and for the world.
  From advanced scientific computing to nuclear physics to fusion 
energy science, focusing on basic research at our national labs 
provides the best opportunity for U.S. economic growth and technology 
innovation.
  H.R. 5905 authorizes funding for critical infrastructure projects at 
these national labs. In the Basic Energy Sciences program, it 
authorizes upgrades to world-leading X-ray light source facilities 
around the country, like the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National 
Laboratory and the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National 
Laboratory.
  These facilities give American scientists the tools they need to 
study the structure and behavior of both physical and biological 
materials, enabling innovation in many fields, including creating new 
materials for industrial as well as pharmaceutical use.
  This legislation also authorizes the construction of new DOE research 
facilities for physics and high-energy physics. This includes 
construction of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, or FRIB, at 
Michigan State University, which will enable critical nuclear physics 
research across a wide breadth of fields, ranging from astrophysics to 
medicine, and eventually the construction of the Long-Baseline Neutrino 
Facility at Fermilab, an internationally coordinated project to build 
the world's highest intensity neutrino beam. The research at this 
facility will help shed light on the universe and its origins.
  This bill, Mr. Speaker, also specifically authorizes basic research 
in fields that are critical to U.S. dominance in science and 
technology. It authorizes research in exascale computing, electricity 
storage, and fusion energy sciences. It establishes a DOE exascale 
computing program, a low-dose radiation research program, and programs 
for managing our Energy Frontier Research Centers and Bioenergy 
Research Centers, while also ensuring that we fulfill our commitments 
to the ITER project for fiscal years 2018 and 2019.
  Significant investments in basic science research by foreign 
countries like China threaten America's global standing as the leader 
in scientific knowledge. To maintain our competitive advantage as a 
world leader in science, we must continue to support

[[Page H5778]]

the research and research infrastructure that will lead to next 
generation technologies.
  H.R. 5905 is a commonsense bill that will maintain American 
leadership in science. I want to thank Chairman Smith, Representative 
Lofgren, Vice Chairman Lucas, and many of my Science, Space, and 
Technology Committee colleagues for cosponsoring this important 
legislation. I am grateful for the opportunity to work with the members 
of this committee to gather research that will help America compete 
around the world.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. VEASEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of H.R. 5905, the Department of 
Energy Science and Innovation Act of 2018. This bill provides important 
statutory direction to the Department of Energy's Office of Science, 
which is our Nation's largest supporter of research in the physical 
sciences. So it is impossible to overstate its importance to our energy 
future and to our overall innovation enterprise.
  This agency also operates more than 30 world-class scientific user 
facilities, whose applications range from developing new materials for 
next generation batteries, to new pharmaceuticals that will better 
treat diseases, to even examining the fundamental building blocks of 
the universe.
  Much of this bill is derived from previous bipartisan, bicameral 
agreements that were included in H.R. 589, the House-passed Department 
of Energy Research and Innovation Act of 2017.
  As we await Senate action on that legislation, I support moving 
forward with additional language included in this bill that would 
authorize upgrades to several important user facilities, direct DOE to 
provide sufficient support to maintain our commitments to the ITER 
international fusion project, and provide statutory authority to fund 
low-dose radiation research as well as a promising computational 
materials initiative at our national labs.
  I also note that I am happy to see robust funding levels included in 
this bipartisan bill, particularly for the Biological and Environmental 
Research program, which supports critical research to reduce 
uncertainties and better understand the impacts of climate change. I 
strongly support this bill and encourage my colleagues to do the same.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. WEBER of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman 
from Texas (Mr. Smith).
  Mr. SMITH of Texas. Mr. Speaker, first of all, let me thank the 
chairman of the Energy Subcommittee, Mr. Weber, the gentleman from 
Texas, for yielding.
  I strongly support this bill, H.R. 5905, the Department of Energy 
Science and Innovation Act of 2018. This bipartisan legislation, 
sponsored by 12 members of the House Science, Space, and Technology 
Committee authorizes the basic research programs within the DOE Office 
of Science for fiscal years 2018 and 2019. The programs include 
research in basic energy sciences, advanced scientific computing, high-
energy physics, biological and environmental research, fusion energy 
science, and nuclear physics.
  These basic research programs are the core mission of the Department 
of Energy and will produce the scientific discoveries that will help 
maintain U.S. leadership in technology.
  This bill also prioritizes basic research funding for solar fuels, 
electricity storage, bioenergy research, exascale computing, and low-
dose radiation research. It provides the Office of Science funding for 
upgrades and construction of seven high-priority user facilities at DOE 
national labs.
  This legislation is the product of more than 4 years of bipartisan 
work by the Science, Space, and Technology Committee to advance basic 
research and set clear science priorities for the Department of Energy.
  H.R. 5905 builds on the initiatives included in the House-passed 
bill, H.R. 589, the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act, 
and also incorporates four bipartisan Science, Space, and Technology 
Committee infrastructure bills that passed the House in February.
  One example of the central missions authorized in the DOE Science and 
Innovation Act is the exascale computing program. Developing an 
exascale system is critical to enabling scientific discovery, 
strengthening national security, and promoting U.S. competitiveness. 
Exascale computing will have real-world benefits for American industry 
and entice the best researchers in the world to conduct groundbreaking 
science at the DOE labs.
  To strengthen U.S. energy independence, this legislation also 
supports fusion energy sciences. When commercial fusion becomes 
available, it will revolutionize the energy market and could 
significantly reduce global carbon emissions.
  H.R. 5905 also authorizes funds for U.S. contributions to the 
International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor project, a critical 
step to achieving commercial fusion energy.
  Again, I want to thank Representative Weber, as well as 
Representative Lofgren, for their longstanding support of basic 
research and investments in our world-class science facilities at the 
DOE national labs.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support the bill.

                              {time}  1445

  Mr. WEBER of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the 
gentleman from Kansas (Mr. Marshall), the distinguished doctor.
  Mr. MARSHALL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of H.R. 5905, the 
Department of Energy Science and Innovation Act, sponsored by my friend 
and colleague Representative Weber. His bill contains the text of my 
bill, the Low-Dose Radiation Research Act, which unanimously passed the 
House this past February.
  The language directs the Department of Energy to utilize $20 million 
to carry out a research program on low-dose radiation within the Office 
of Science. This program will increase our understanding of the health 
effects that low doses of radiation have on biological systems.
  Research has consistently shown us the adverse health effects 
associated with high doses of radiation, but we are a long way from 
accurately assessing the effects of low doses of radiation. As the 
product of industrial activities, medical procedures, and naturally 
occurring systems, humans are exposed to low doses of radiation every 
day, and it is imperative we can accurately assess this risk.
  There is broad consensus among the radiobiology community that more 
research is necessary for Federal agencies, physicians, and related 
experts to advance the use of radiation technologies. We have 
invaluable diagnostic tools today, such as CT scans, which emit low 
doses of radiation. It is vital that physicians are able to inform 
patients of the health risks associated with these types of imaging 
processes. As a physician in my home State of Kansas, I have a 
firsthand understanding of the crucial importance of verified research 
and ensuring the best medical outcomes for my patients.
  I am proud to support this bill and urge my colleagues to do the 
same.
  Mr. WEBER of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, by harnessing the strength of our national labs and 
investing in basic research, H.R. 5905 will help ensure Americans' 
leadership in science and technology.
  Mr. Speaker, I again want to thank my 11 colleagues on the Committee 
on Science, Space, and Technology who have cosponsored H.R. 5905, 
including Chairman Lamar Smith, Representative Zoe Lofgren, and Vice 
Chairman Frank Lucas. I also want to thank the dozens of researchers 
and stakeholders who provided feedback as we developed this 
legislation.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of this commonsense, bipartisan 
legislation, and I reserve the balance of my time.

[[Page H5779]]

  

  Mr. VEASEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. WEBER of Texas. Mr. Speaker, this is great legislation. Again, I 
want to urge the adoption of this commonsense, bipartisan legislation, 
and I yield back the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion offered by the 
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Weber) that the House suspend the rules and 
pass the bill, H.R. 5905, as amended.
  The question was taken; and (two-thirds being in the affirmative) the 
rules were suspended and the bill, as amended, was passed.
  A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

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