[Congressional Record Volume 164, Number 73 (Monday, May 7, 2018)]
[House]
[Pages H3766-H3773]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
PROTECTING SOCIAL SAFETY NET
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Mast). Under the Speaker's announced
policy of January 3, 2017, the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Evans)
is recognized for 60 minutes as the designee of the minority leader.
General Leave
Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members have
5 legislative days to revise and extend their remarks and include
extraneous material on the subject of this Special Order.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from Pennsylvania?
There was no objection.
Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I want to thank my colleagues for holding
this Special Order hour, the CBC Special Order hour this evening, as we
discuss SNAP and other efforts by the President and the GOP to shed the
social safety net.
{time} 1930
Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman of the Congressional Black Caucus,
Chairman Richmond, for allowing me to have this opportunity to lead
what we call the ``Conscience of the Congress'' of the Congressional
Black Caucus, who is the one who has led this and come up with this
idea for us.
As we paint a picture of the Black community in 2018, it is clear
that we have a lot to lose. Too many of our neighborhoods are,
unfortunately, still plagued by rampant poverty, dysfunction, and
crime. These are very serious issues that our community has to deal
with.
But instead of the GOP Congress working with us side by side in a
bipartisan manner, we have a group, Mr. Speaker, hell-bent on enacting
jaded, outdated, economic backwards legislation in the form of SNAP
that would throw thousands of recipients off the roles. According to
the nonpartisan Center for Budget and Policy Priorities, SNAP is the
country's most effective antihunger program helping one in five
Americans afford a basic diet.
For over 15 years, State and Federal policymakers have worked on a
bipartisan basis to strengthen SNAP. The GOP would take a large step
backwards, reducing or eliminating benefits for more than 1 million
households with more than 2 million people. And let me be clear, it is
not just about programs, policies, and laws being enacted by the GOP
and President Trump, it is about the overall tone that has been set by
this President, who regularly raises insults, instead of engaging in
meaningful policy discussions.
The President's review of welfare programs is an immoral attempt to
get the programs that provide a basic standard of living for Americans
struggling to make ends meet, all to pay for the massive tax cuts for
himself and the richest 1 percent. Instead of taking food out of the
mouths of poor children or kicking the elderly off of Medicare,
President Trump and congressional Republicans should work with
Democrats to put more money in the pockets of hardworking Americans.
Let me be clear: this executive order is a thinly veiled attempt to
restrict access to healthcare, housing, food, and many other basic
living programs by adding onerous so-called work requirements.
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Alabama (Ms. Sewell), a
person who I admire and had the chance of visiting with her in the
great State of Alabama. She has a lot of experience firsthand and knows
and understands what it means to be close to the people.
Ms. SEWELL of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, I applaud the gentleman from
Pennsylvania (Mr. Evans) for leading this Special Order hour.
Mr. Speaker, I especially want to acknowledge the Congressional Black
Caucus for always being the ``Conscience of the Congress'' and for
taking on the topic of tonight, which is the social safety net and how
important it is as a lifeline for so many Americans.
Mr. Speaker, I rise today to speak out against the efforts to
dismantle our social safety net and the programs that help working
Americans make ends meet.
Our Federal health, antihunger, and poverty programs are the lifeline
for millions of Americans and their families. Every year, our
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, SNAP, feeds 9.5 million
families. Social Security keeps over 22 million Americans from falling
into poverty. And Medicare ensures that 44 million men, women, and
children have access to the care they need to stay healthy. These
families are hanging by a thread, and with every cut to our health and
antihunger programs, that thread becomes thinner and thinner.
In Alabama, I have seen the difference that these programs can make
firsthand. I have met working parents who rely on SNAP to put food on
the table for their children. I have met seniors who, after a lifetime
of work, are able to get by only because of their Social Security
check. I have met mothers who could not feed their children if it
weren't for the maternity care that they get through Federal health
programs. For these working parents, seniors, and children, our social
safety net means the difference between a warm home and homelessness.
It means a difference between a hot meal and going to bed hungry.
Last year in Alabama, I met a farmer named Hank, who was able to
afford healthcare for the first time in his life because of the
Affordable Care Act. And after Hank signed up for ObamaCare, tragedy
struck. His hand was caught in a hay baler, requiring immediate
emergency care. But because of the healthcare he received through the
Affordable Care Act, Hank was able to pay for his trip to the emergency
room and, most importantly, his family did not lose that farm.
That is what our social safety net does. It helps people when their
time of need is most. It is a promise that no matter the hardship you
face, we will never let you fall between the cracks. We, America, the
land of plenty. We, Americans, don't let other Americans fall through
the cracks. Whether your family faces a health crisis or layoffs; or
you are caring for a new child, we are not going to let you fall into
poverty.
Giving up on this promise is what I believe the Republican agenda has
done. Giving up on this promise is what makes the Republican attacks on
our social safety net so disturbing. It is a promise that we, as
Americans, make to other Americans, that we will have a social safety
net that will capture people in their most vulnerable time of need.
The tax bill that Congress and the Trump administration passed in
December repealed the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate. That
move drove healthcare costs for families and will result in 13 million
more uninsured Americans. It was unnecessary, but it was a step that
this administration took. It was a step that ripped from 13 million
Americans their health insurance.
[[Page H3767]]
Just 2 months after the passage of the tax bill, President Trump
proposed a budget, the President's budget, that would cut $500 billion
from Medicare, $1.4 trillion from Medicaid, and $72 billion from Social
Security disability. If these proposals were signed into law, more
children would have gone hungry, more seniors would have fallen into
poverty, and more Americans would be unable to afford to get sick.
In the Ways and Means Committee this week, Republicans are holding a
hearing to discuss limiting access to Temporary Assistance for Needy
Families, TANF. At the same time, the House is debating reauthorizing a
farm bill that would eliminate food assistance for 400,000 families and
cut school lunches for 265,000 students.
This Congress is not just cutting a hole in our social safety net.
Republicans are selling the net in its entirety in order to pay for the
tax scam bill that they passed in December.
When President Trump and this Congress passed the GOP tax scam bill,
they mortgaged the future of Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security to
give massive tax breaks to Wall Street and the richest Americans. They
put our health and antihunger programs into jeopardy and on a chopping
block in exchange for more trickle-down economics.
Mr. Speaker, after decades of stagnant wages, my constituents are no
longer willing to wait for trickle-down economics to trickle down to
them, especially when it means massive cuts to the Federal programs
working families rely on.
Lives are at stake, Mr. Speaker. That is why the Congressional Black
Caucus, led ably tonight by my colleague from Pennsylvania, is
discussing the social safety net and why we will continue to discuss
those programs that are the lifeline of so many Americans.
Why am I here? I am here because I represent Alabama's Seventh
Congressional District, a district which is my home district. I proudly
hail from the Seventh Congressional District. The Seventh Congressional
District is the poorest district in the State of Alabama. The median
income for a family of four is $32,000. But, Mr. Speaker, we are not
asking for a handout, we are asking for a hand up. We need Federal
assistance to make sure that our children don't go hungry, to make sure
that those who work a lifetime have Social Security to live on when
they are old.
It is important that we remember that these social safety net
programs keep Americans afloat and keep working Americans still
working, being able to provide food and nutrition to their children,
being able to buy drugs that are lifesaving for them to continue to
live. It is critically important that we remember that the social
safety net is not just for minorities, it is for all Americans when
they need it--when they need it. It is a promise that America has made
and a promise that the GOP and this administration continues to break.
Lives are on the line. That is why I am calling on this Congress and
this administration to abandon its attacks on the social safety net.
Instead, we should be passing legislation that puts working people
first. I am calling on this Congress to help keep our promise to the
American people that no one will be left behind. As the richest Nation
in the world, keeping that promise is not only within our power, it is
our obligation.
Mr. Speaker, I again thank my colleague, Congressman Evans from
Pennsylvania, and the Congressional Black Caucus for this Special Order
hour and for continuing to remind people that we are Americans and we,
as Americans, don't break our promise. Let's not break our promise when
it comes to Medicaid, Medicare, and Social Security; let's not break
our promise when it comes to the nutrition of our students; and let's
not break our promise when it comes to working people who have worked
all their lives for Social Security and need only to live off of it
now.
Mr. Speaker, I again thank the Congressional Black Caucus for its
courage to continue to speak power to truth.
Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ask my colleague from Alabama
(Ms. Sewell) one quick question.
She raised a very good point about promise. Does she have any last
thought about the element of promise; could she just take a minute or
so, just really from her own experience and her own constituents, what
the meaning of that promise means today?
Ms. SEWELL of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, I absolutely will.
As my colleague just said, I think what I want people to remember is
that we, as Americans, do make promises to other Americans. We do it
all of the time.
The promise that I am talking about with social safety net is a
promise that we won't leave other Americans behind. We can't be the
land of plenty and have people struggling each and every day.
In my district, there are parts of my district that have water and
sewer issues, sanitary issues, in 2018. No one in America should not
have a flushing toilet. In my district, there are people who live like
that.
I believe that the promise of America is a promise that we will do
all we can to make sure that no American falls through the cracks.
We have to remember that all of us go through trying times. These
programs are transitional programs. They are there to catch people when
they are falling, to give people the opportunity and the training that
they need to get back on their feet, to give them the opportunity to be
working Americans again, and to give them a dignity to continue to be
able to afford to take care of themselves.
I think that we need to remember that the American Dream comes with
it an obligation, and I believe that that obligation is an American
promise to all Americans that we won't rip social safety net programs
away from them, but, instead, we will thoughtfully provide
opportunities for training. The skills gap is real, and I think it is
really important that we, if we are to address the future of work in
America, acknowledge that we are leaving lots of Americans behind, and
we, as a Federal Government, should take that as a challenge and meet
that challenge to close the skills gap.
In many ways, the skills gap is an opportunity gap as well. In order
to provide people who need opportunities the most, we have to be
willing to step up and provide the resources for them to be able to
retrain and retool.
{time} 1945
It is critically important. The dignity of work is something that is
critically important to most Americans, all Americans.
My district has the largest unemployment. When I took office in 2011,
the average unemployment in my 14 counties was near 15 percent. It was
14.7 percent. And while Tuscaloosa is doing great and Birmingham is
doing great, cities like Selma, that I grew up in, had 21 percent
unemployment.
What people needed was an opportunity to get back on their feet. I
dare to think about all the Americans who were helped by having the
Affordable Care Act, by having Medicare and Medicaid, by having the
assistance of the Federal Government to get back on their feet.
I am happy to report that the average unemployment in my 14 counties
is not where we want to be, but we are at 6.3 percent. So it is not at
the 3.9 or so that the national average is, but we are a far cry better
than we were at the 15 percent. So these people are working.
So social service programs were meant to help people get back on
their feet. I just think that people think about the fraud and abuse.
None of us want fraud and abuse when it comes to our programs, but I
can tell you that 70 percent of the folks who receive SNAP in my
district have children under the age of 17.
So when I fight for SNAP, when I fight against the massive cuts that
my colleagues on the other side of the aisle want to have, I am
fighting for those children to have food to eat. I am fighting for the
millions of seniors who are on food stamps who depend upon it to
provide nutritional assistance.
So I think that that promise is something that we all should not only
honor, but take as a badge of honor here in the Nation's Capital and
fight every day to provide opportunities for all Americans.
Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman from the Seventh
District of Alabama. I really appreciate her comments.
Mr. Speaker, throughout this next 45 minutes, I am going to be
introducing
[[Page H3768]]
some of my colleagues, but I want to read a letter that was sent to me
on April 27, 2018.
As the gentlewoman from Alabama said, I am from Pennsylvania; and
being from Pennsylvania, our Governor wrote a letter, and this is what
he said:
``I write today to express my concerns regarding the text of the
Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018, or the farm bill released last
week. The importance of the farm bill to Pennsylvanians cannot be
overstated. As you know, Pennsylvania farmers are facing the same
challenges impacting the agricultural industry throughout the country.
With trending towards lower farm incomes and a recent market loss for
42 Pennsylvania dairy farmers, the farm bill should be an opportunity
to support our Commonwealth's most vulnerable agricultural industry.
Unfortunately, the House Agriculture Committee has released a partisan
bill that will punish struggling Pennsylvanians--especially seniors,
individuals with disabilities, and working families in all your
congressional districts.
``The farm bill has always been a bipartisan effort because hunger is
not a political issue. For more than 40 years, Pennsylvanians have
relied on the SNAP program to help put food on the table during tough
times. Nearly 14 percent of our State's population is experiencing food
insecurity. Cuts to SNAP will only increase that number.''
Mr. Speaker, the exact number in my congressional district, the
Second Congressional District, is 215,195 individuals. In the new
district, the Third Congressional District, it is 207,441 people who
will be affected by these cuts.
``Let's be clear--SNAP recipients already face work requirements.
This bill increases them and institutes lengthy ineligibility periods
for individuals who are noncompliant just for 1 month. In this bill, by
2021, all nondisabled individuals ages 50 to 59 would face work
requirements and by 2026, the required number of work hours per week
will increase from 20 to 25. Yet this legislation does not include
adequate funding for States to provide job training or allow
individuals a period of time to engage in educational activities to
help residents meet these new threshold requirements. In Pennsylvania,
that would translate to an additional 199,000 individuals who will be
affected. Let me repeat that. In Pennsylvania, that will translate to
199,000 individuals between 50 and 59 who would face cuts to SNAP. It
is more difficult for older individuals to find work when unemployed,
and many people want to work more than 25 hours but cannot due to lack
of available hours, children, or age.''
Time limits on SNAP, Mr. Speaker, believe me, would have a
devastating affect in Pennsylvania.
``SNAP is a critical social net for our seniors and families'' and
veterans. ``SNAP recipients receive on average of $126 per month, which
translates to around $1.40 per meal,'' Mr. Speaker. ``According to
Feeding America, the average meal in Pennsylvania costs $2.93. These
cuts are an attack on our most vulnerable citizens. If the goal of the
House leadership''--that is, the Republican leadership--``is to
decrease the amount of money the Federal Government spends on SNAP, I
suggest''--this is Governor Wolf--``you raise the Federal minimum wage
to $12 per hour'' so that people can have a real chance.
Mr. Speaker, I think it is clear from the Governor of Pennsylvania
that there is an attack on poor people, and the Governor of the great
State of Pennsylvania has gone on record in saying that we are moving
in the wrong direction.
Someone whom I have a lot of respect for, and she has served in the
great State of Wisconsin in the State legislature, and I have known her
before I had this opportunity to come to Congress, is a person who is
not shy about the things that she expresses. She speaks truth to power.
That is the great woman from the Fourth District of Wisconsin, Mr.
Speaker, Congresswoman Gwen Moore.
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Wisconsin (Ms. Moore).
Ms. MOORE. Mr. Speaker, I thank Mr. Evans for yielding to me.
Mr. Speaker, I do appreciate having time here on this Congressional
Black Caucus hour to discuss so-called welfare reform and efforts on
the part of the majority to shred the safety net.
Mr. Speaker, I think you just have to sort of sympathize with the
majority, given the conundrum that they have put themselves into. What
they did, in an effort to have some sort of win and to take advantage
of having the majority in the House of Representatives, in the United
States Senate, to be holding power in the White House with the new
President, even seizing the Supreme Court, this was a very opportune
time to do what the majority thought, and I give them credit for
thinking that they wanted to implement and execute their greatest
policy imperative, and that was to provide tax cuts to the wealthiest
Americans and to corporations. They wanted to take this one opportunity
to do that because, in their opinion, that is what would move our
economy forward.
In December, they were able to accomplish it over the protests of
economists, over the protests of the nonpartisan Congressional Budget
Office that said if, in fact, these $1.9 trillion in tax cuts are given
to the wealthiest Americans and corporations, that we would see
deficits for the next decade at about $1.5 trillion, and that would add
to the deficit we are already experiencing.
Of course, that is the conundrum for the majority party, which out of
one side of their mouth they have always been concerned about deficits,
and now they were implementing a policy that would add to the deficit.
Well, the explanation for that was that somehow this $1.9 trillion
would materialize in a brand-new concept called trickle down; that
somehow by cutting these taxes for the wealthiest Americans, that
somehow this would create jobs, that wages would be raised, that there
would be new capital expenditures; and although trickle down had not
worked for 30, 40 years, that somehow this was going to happen.
Well, the supposition is that these tax cuts would just sort of
magically pay for themselves and that we should just give it a little
bit of time. So when these tax cuts were put into place, we saw
companies immediately lining up to provide bonuses, one-time-only
bonuses--not raising the wages of workers, not building new factories.
Now we see one of our favorite companies, one of my favorite
companies--we all own a nice Apple phone--they just paid $100 billion
buying back shares. Of course, shareholders are not Americans who live
on Main Street. They are the wealthiest people not only in America, but
all over the world. You don't know who the shareholders are. They are
probably not your next-door neighbors.
Well, you have to empathize with the majority party, because they now
have to figure out how to pay for these tax cuts. They have got to pay
for them.
We don't have to guess how they are going to pay for them. The
Speaker has told us how he plans to pay for them. The President has
told us how they plan to pay for these tax cuts.
I was so happy that the gentlewoman from Alabama was here earlier,
and I just want to remind you of what she shared with us. She reminded
us that the President, in his budget, his proposed budget, proposed
cutting $1.4 trillion--that is ``trillion'' with a T; that is like 12
zeros after that 1--out of Medicaid.
I know from sitting on the Budget Committee with the Speaker for so
many years that this is a dream come true for our Speaker, who has
always wanted to block grant--as in put on the chopping block--
Medicaid, a program that provides security mostly for our seniors for
them to have a dignified end-of-life experience instead of living like
a dog in the back room somewhere living out their last days.
We know from what they have put on paper--you can't make this stuff
up--they want to cut $500 billion--that is ``billion'' with a B--out of
Medicare, the program that has reduced and almost eliminated poverty,
between that and Social Security, for our elders.
You have heard it said time and again that a nation is judged by how
it treats its young and its elderly. We know now that the White House
and our President is fuming because this $1.9 trillion problem that
they have created has now got to be solved.
Well, that is just not enough money. That is only $2 trillion between
Medicare and Medicaid. So they said, ``Wait a minute. We can cut some
out of Social Security,'' this so-called sacred
[[Page H3769]]
cow. They say, ``We can cut, from Social Security Disability, $72
billion,'' but that is not enough.
We have in front of us a farm bill, and proposals in that bill would
cut $23.8 billion out of it, pushing 9.5 million people deeper into
poverty, food insecurity, and hunger.
{time} 2000
That is the framework for paying for the wealthiest people, for these
poor corporations that we have got to provide a safety net for, for
these poor 1 percent of our population rich, the wealthiest 1 percent
who need relief from the government. We are going to pay for it by
cutting Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and food stamps.
Well, it doesn't sound like that is enough for the majority. The
President has said we are going to just review any program that
targets, aids, and supports low-income or hardworking people.
How about housing vouchers? So many Americans--there was a book
written about my community by Mr. Matthew Desmond, titled, ``Evicted,''
and it pointed out how so many Americans work hard, but 50 percent, 60
percent of their income has to go toward housing because, in fact, we
haven't seen a raise in the minimum wage for over a decade. People are
working two, three jobs.
I have known people who have gone to work and go home at night to the
homeless shelter. People cannot afford to pay 50 percent of their
income, so there are hardworking Americans who have benefited from
housing vouchers, Section 8, subsidized Community Development Block
Grant funds.
But, of course, we have heard from our Secretary of HUD that we want
to reform that program and require disabled folks, elderly folks,
perhaps some of our veterans who live in subsidized housing, to pay 35
percent of their income versus 30 percent of their income.
This doesn't increase the pool of people who are eligible for
housing. It does two things: It reduces the number of people who are
eligible for subsidized housing, and then it raises the costs for those
who are squeaking by every single day.
So I just am inflamed about this, and I guess I want to ask the
gentleman from Pennsylvania some questions because I might have the
wrong perspective on this.
I am a person who has benefited from these programs. I have fed my
family with SNAP, food stamps. I have used Medicaid to take my children
to the doctor and to give birth. I have paid my rent using welfare
benefits.
I am wondering if the gentleman doesn't think that vilifying poor
people is an insidious and nefarious effort to create the atmosphere
where Americans would be much more willing to take these programs away
from them.
I mean, there is this notion, somehow, that there are just lazy
people who refuse to go work who need SNAP; that there are just lazy
people who are ne'er-do-wells, and they are fraudulent, they have 80
Social Security numbers, and they are welfare queens.
I was just wondering if the gentleman could just get it straight for
me, share some things with me:
How many families receive Temporary Assistance to Needy Families?
Are people eating lobsters on SNAP?
Are these homes filled with able-bodied people who refuse to work and
they just want to get SNAP?
Can the gentleman just give me a profile of the kind of people who we
are trying to help.
Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, how much time do I have remaining?
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Marshall). The gentleman from
Pennsylvania has 24 minutes remaining.
Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I want to respond to the gentlewoman from
Wisconsin (Ms. Moore). I will give her something that is firsthand from
a mayor who is on the forefront.
I have a letter here from the mayor of the city of Philadelphia,
which Philadelphia has about 1.5 million people. It is one of the
biggest poor cities in America, so I am going to give you somebody
specifically who can state that he wrote a letter, and I want to read
what he has said.
He said: ``In Philadelphia''--remember, where America started, the
Liberty Bell, the Constitution Center, Ben Franklin. You remember that,
right? That is where it all started, right?
This is what he said: ``In Philadelphia, approximately 480,000
individuals receive SNAP to help buy food they need to survive and feed
their families.''
There are more SNAP recipients who can work and do not work and would
prefer to work, more than if they could.
``SNAP is critical to helping low-wage and part-time workers who
can't find steady employment, veterans''--those who fought for our
country, those who have been out on the forefront--``people who are
homeless. . . . ''
The number that came from HUD in the city of Philadelphia was in the
ballpark of 6,000 to 15,000 people homeless. Now remember, that is
where the Liberty Bell is, Independence Hall is, Betsy Ross' house. You
remember all of that, right?
So it is clear that SNAP is critical.
``It also helps families with children, seniors, and people with
disabilities put food on their table.'' And think of this: ``It doesn't
cost much--the benefits average about $1.34 per person per meal--but it
helps Philadelphians fulfill basic needs. And it also has been found to
have long-term positive impacts on health, as well as on children's
educational attainment. SNAP also contributes to the Philadelphia
economy. Every dollar spent on SNAP generates $1.70 in economic
activity in Philadelphia's grocery stores,'' grocers who depend a great
deal on the importance of this initiative.
Remember, where America started, in Philadelphia, this is occurring.
So here there is a letter from the mayor stating very clearly that
cutting off SNAP will not help Philadelphians get their jobs but will
just make it harder for them to pay for their food they need.
So, in other words, those work requirements and the things the
gentlewoman described, we have an evidence-based letter of a mayor who
is on the front line, who has to deal with these things every single
day.
And the fact of the matter is you can document the statistics. In the
congressional district that I represent, which is a part of the city of
Philadelphia, there is 26 percent poverty, 195,000 people. There is
a food bank in one of our major universities in the city of
Philadelphia.
In the suburban district, which I have a letter from Montgomery
County, which is supposed to be one of the richest counties outside of
Philadelphia, I say to you, Mr. Speaker, that you ask the right
questions and you raise the right issues all on the basis, as you
described, on that framework and what you described, paying for that
giveaway or taxes.
It is not an accident that that tax issue was H. Res. 1 and the farm
bill is H. Res. 2. So you think about the order of that, you think
about H. Res. 1, H. Res. 2, you see for yourself.
So the gentlewoman's whole theory is definitely not incorrect, and
what she has laid out is very clear that this is an attempt to beat up
on poor people, beat up on people in these communities.
Mr. Speaker, I say to you that we, as the Congressional Black Caucus,
are not just going to sit silent. We are going to make sure people hear
us. We are going to make sure people know that we are just not going to
accept this.
So I say to the gentlewoman, I heard her message and I have described
it to her.
I yield to the gentlewoman from Wisconsin.
Ms. MOORE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for that.
I just want to tell him how outraged I am by the propaganda against
poor people. I am outraged by it.
If you look at a family that uses SNAP, formerly called food stamps,
this program works perfectly well in a capitalist society, in a
countercyclical economy. When we almost had a depression in 2008, the
food stamp rolls went up, and now they are coming back down because
people are more connected with work.
Two-thirds of these families that receive SNAP have at least one
working person in it. And guess what. They have veterans in them and
elders, children and disabled people. Eighty percent of the people who
receive SNAP, someone has worked the year before or the year after, so
it is not an issue of people not wanting to work.
[[Page H3770]]
And think about it: we now have given $1.9 trillion in tax cuts to
the wealthiest people. We hear the White House bragging about how we
have increased those jobs, we have increased jobs by 164,000 people.
Let me tell you, I happen to know in my own community people got two or
three of those jobs because that is what they need to hold it down.
Before I finish, I will just say that we ought not fall for the
okeydoke, because poor people are not those other people. They are you;
they are your cousins; they are people who go to your church; they are
your kids' classmates; they are people who worked every day and lost
their jobs due to technology or downsizing. And when you are 50 years
old, it is not because you don't want to work. You can't work.
Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman from the great State
of Wisconsin for her comments.
I want to introduce someone else who is also on the Budget Committee,
who I have watched a long time in the short period of time that I have
been here. She has been a real fighter, and she speaks to the issues. I
have not seen anyone intimidate her, and she is from the great 18th
District of Texas.
I yield to the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Jackson Lee).
Ms. JACKSON LEE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the distinguished manager for
yielding to me and for the eloquent statements of our colleagues,
including Congresswoman Sewell and Congresswoman Moore.
I thank our chairman, Mr. Richmond, for his persistence that members
of the Congressional Black Caucus come to the floor of the House to be
able to address these concerns that are very important.
I am going to be very brief, but I want to join my colleagues on what
I think is a striking and provocative discourse, and it is a hurting
discourse.
The reason why I want to make sure that my voice is heard is because
I have constituents who are living poor, but their spirit is not poor.
Their commitment to success is not poor. Their desire for better
opportunities for their children is not poor. Yet we want to condemn or
malign this group that may be living in poverty.
It strikes me as a difficult proposition to know that the Speaker of
the House, for example, is seeking, again, welfare reform which, when I
first came to the United States Congress, I enthusiastically voted
against. And I was right because so many people were turned off the
rolls; so many lives were ruined; so many children did not get the
needs that they needed; so many poor mothers could not tend to their
newborn babies because resources were lost.
{time} 2015
Now we come again to a concept of welfare reform, and we are not
concerned, I guess, about the different health conditions of different
ethnic and racial populations.
The age 60 for some, maybe 80, in terms of a physical condition that
they are facing, and so a flat number of 60, cut you off or you can't
have coverage that is necessary, is a sad state on this great country.
The other point that I think is important is that the President has
offered a review of the programs that help the poor.
Now, right now today, Houston is still suffering from the impact of
Hurricane Harvey. And as I heard my colleague, good times today and bad
times tomorrow. Or making ends meet today or yesterday, and not making
them meet today.
We are still seeing students and families who were displaced during
Hurricane Harvey losing everything and barely getting back on their
feet, and this is May, and we are about to enter the hurricane season
again.
So the idea of a safety net that the $1.7 trillion tax cut cuts right
into, that is the point. A safety net is not a handout.
This reverse Robin Hood tax bill takes from individuals who are part,
again, of the greatness of America. We are always hearing of the
stories of the person from the little red schoolhouse or rural America
who was great and made it to a success story. They made it through the
Helping Hands. They made it through the Pell grants. They made it
through Medicare. They made it through Medicaid.
In 1965, we saw more seniors living after 1965, when President
Johnson and the Democratic Congress passed Medicare and Medicaid.
So the idea that we are reviewing programs that are impacting people
who suffer from poverty or that we would think it is more important to
have this major tax cut that is creating this huge deficit so the
people who are victimized are the people who, in fact, are part of
America's greatness and have every right to have an opportunity of
success in their lives.
Seventy percent of Americans rely on at least one means-tested
Federal program. The nutrition program, the SNAP program, the Disaster
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, was a lifeline for
Houstonians and people in Harris County during Hurricane Harvey.
I remember getting an extension, and 30,000 people came and stood in
the hot Sun for 3 days just to be able to get a voucher that would
carry them through the Christmas holiday. That was what you call
emergency supplemental nutrition.
What we have now, the SNAP program, $1.40 per meal. And then the
President was offering: Let's don't do that. Let's send a box. Let's
send a brown box to the house and have some dry milk and whatever other
nonperishables could be in there.
These people have children. They have pre-K. They need childcare.
Have you heard the fact that HUD may be tripling the rents that low-
income Americans are receiving that housing Federal subsides would have
to pay? So they get a Federal subsidy and they have to pay three times
the rent? That seems to be a little absurd.
If we are concerned about what is a hand up, what is, in fact, the
opportunity for individuals to meet their promise and their greatness,
we would not have passed such an atrocious tax bill that really eats at
the flesh of survival of this country and many Americans.
For example, the top 1 percent's tax cut, if they didn't get that tax
cut--of which many have said: We don't want it, didn't need it--
childcare would be able to be provided for 19 children, job training
for 27 workers, Pell grants for 38 students, and providing substance
use disorder treatment for 21 people. The CHIP program would be
stronger; and, of course, the ability for individuals suffering from
the opioid crisis, we would have far more dollars to be able to assist
them to restore their lives.
So it is very important that the debate tonight not be, as it has
been characterized, about poor people or the impoverished, or that the
debate is about handouts.
It is the safety net that every single American desires but is really
owed to have. It is the very safety net that has the world looking to
America as the greatest Nation in the world.
I have many friends in many countries around the world, and some of
these countries have a billion-plus people. The safety net that they
have is a nonsafety net. So the level of disaster and devastation in
populations is almost unbelievable as compared to here in this country.
But the reason why we are this country is because people expect us
not to be those countries. They expect us to be the America with
resources, and we do have resources.
Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the gentleman very much for yielding to
me to explain, one, the devastation of this trillion-plus tax cut bill
that we fought vigorously in the Budget Committee and offered any
number of amendments to correct and protect Medicaid, Medicare,
education, and benefits that really give us stair steps of opportunity.
But I hope, as we move forward, that we will not go down this very
disastrous pathway of changing welfare to make it a punitive
legislative initiative so that the people hurt the most are those in
the sunset of their life, seniors, those who are suffering from opioid
addiction, and our children.
I hope we don't totally implode the valuable safety net that brought
us through the depression that FDR developed in the 1940s with the WPA
and then on into the 1960s when President Johnson had the great
society.
Where is the America that cares? Where is the America that
understands?
Mr. Speaker, It is important for me to be standing here.
[[Page H3771]]
This is the Reverse Robin Hood Tax Bill.
Instead of taking from the rich and giving to the poor.
This tax law takes from the very poor and gives to the very rich.
Last year, the GOP passed its tax cuts for the richest among us.
Now no one should be surprised that this happened.
It is crystal clear that President Trump, a man who comes from
wealth, doesn't understand the challenges facing the working poor.
His constant effort to undermine programs that help these Americans
maintain a basic standard of living does nothing more than reinforce
deeply racialized myths that poor Americans are lazy and undeserving.
This couldn't be further from the truth. Millions of Americans who
are beneficiaries of these programs work two or more jobs just to keep
food on the table and a roof over their heads for their families.
In addition, the vast majority of full-time workers live paycheck to
paycheck.
In fact, 70% of Americans rely on at least one means tested federal
program throughout their lives.
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) only provides
$1.40 per meal.
Not to mention that only one in five qualifying families actually
receives housing assistance.
At the end of the day, our constituents should be able to support
their children with one full-time job.
This requires increasing the minimum wage, strengthening job training
programs, and creating good-paying jobs.
Ultimately, we need to give families the tools they need to rise out
of poverty, not undercut programs that keep them afloat.
Instead, the current president has made the least of these pick up
the tab.
And he's doing this while his cabinet nominated officials are feeding
at the trough.
Take for example the Department of Housing and Urban Development
(HUD).
Just last week, HUD indicated that they would triple the rents that
low-income Americans receiving housing federal subsidies would have to
pay.
This was done while Secretary Carson spent $30,000 in taxpayer money
on a dining room table, proposed tripling the rent for low-income
Americans receiving federal housing subsidies.
Last month, the president issued an executive order to restrict
access to healthcare, housing, food, and many other programs that help
the working poor.
President Trump's plan to cut funding for healthcare, food, and
housing programs in order to give tax cuts to billionaires will do
nothing more than make a bad situation worse.
The fact of the matter is that programs that help the working poor
have been under constant attack for the last 30 years and, in many
cases, don't go far enough.
Only one in four qualifying families with children actually receives
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF).
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) only provides
$1.40 per meal.
Not to mention that only one in five qualifying families actually
receives housing assistance.
Federal programs should do more to help the working poor who are
forced to spend 70-80% of their income on rent and utilities.
To give you a snapshot of who is harmed by this tax scam, and how it
harms those needing a hand up, consider that the average tax cut for
someone in the Top 0.1%, that money could mean:
Childcare for 19 children.
Job training for 27 workers.
Pell grants or 38 students.
Providing substance use disorder treatment for 21 people.
Health coverage through the Children Health Insurance Program (CHIP).
So when we consider who this helps and who this hurts, it is clear
that this bill hurts those seeking help caring for their families.
It hurts those seeking training and a professional gateway to another
profession.
It seeks those looking for assistance to education.
And in this age of the Opioid crisis, where tomorrow we will be
having a hearing on this matter, an average tax cut would provide
substance use disorder treatment for 21 people.
So it is clear that this bill is not for the middle class.
By now, the GOP's playbook is well known: campaign as if you support
the middle class and those striving to enter it, but once elected use
the levers of government to favor the rich and the powerful.
That's why time on the GOP is coming up.
The American People are watching and they know that the Democrats
offer a better deal.
And Democrats stand ready to offer #ABetterDeal.
Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I thank my good colleague from the great
State of Texas in the 18th District for her comments adding to this
discussion.
Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record a letter from the Governor of
Pennsylvania, who indicated 1.8 million people are on SNAP; the city of
Philadelphia, where it all started here in terms of America, 400,000
individuals on SNAP, a letter from the mayor of the city of
Philadelphia; and a letter from the chair, Chairwoman Arkoosh, who is
chair of the Montgomery County Board of Commissioners, the third
largest county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, where 50,000 people
are on SNAP.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
Harrisburg, PA, April 17, 2018.
Hon. Dwight Evans,
House of Representatives,
Washington, DC.
Dear Congressman Evans: I write today to express my
concerns regarding the text of the Agriculture and Nutrition
Act of 2018 or the Farm Bill released last week. The
importance of the Farm Bill to Pennsylvanians cannot be
overstated. As you know, Pennsylvania farmers are facing the
same challenges impacting the agricultural industry
throughout the country. With trending low farm incomes and a
recent market loss for 42 Pennsylvania dairy farmers, the
Farm Bill should be an opportunity to support our
commonwealth's valuable agricultural industry. Unfortunately,
the House Agriculture committee has released a partisan bill
that will punish struggling Pennsylvanians especially
seniors, individuals with disabilities, and working families
in your congressional district.
The Farm Bill has always been a bipartisan effort because
hunger is not a political issue. For more than 40 years,
Pennsylvanians have relied on the Supplemental Nutrition
Assistance Program (SNAP) to help put food on the table
during tough times. Nearly 14 percent of our state's
population is experiencing food insecurity. Cuts to SNAP will
only increase that number. In February of this year, over 1.8
million Pennsylvanians were enrolled in SNAP, including
215,195 individuals in the 2nd Congressional District and
207,411 in the new 3rd Congressional District. Over 80% of
SNAP dollars are distributed to households with children,
seniors, or an individual with a disability according to the
US Department of Agriculture.
Let's be clear--SNAP recipients already face work
requirements. This bill increases them and institutes lengthy
ineligibility periods for individuals who are non-compliant
for just one month. In this bill, by 2021 all nondisabled
individuals ages 50 to 59 would face work requirements and by
2026 the required number of work hours per week will increase
from 20 to 25. Yet this legislation does not include adequate
funding for states to provide job training or allow
individuals a period of time to engage in educational
activities to help residents meet these new threshold
requirements. In Pennsylvania that would translate to an
additional 199,000 individuals between 50-59 who would face
cuts to SNAP. It is more difficult for older individuals to
find work when unemployed and many people want to work more
than 25 hours but cannot due to lack of available hours,
children, or age. Time limits on SNAP would now apply to
parents of children older than 6. Over 20% of Pennsylvania's
SNAP recipients have children in the household. These parents
already face significant barriers to meet the current work
requirements. Increasing them makes it more likely their
children will face hunger which creates barriers to academic
success and results in poorer health outcomes and a higher
risk of chronic conditions. Combined, each of these things
contributes to a cycle of poverty that can be almost
impossible to break.
Cuts to SNAP do not just affect those who receive SNAP
benefits. In the 2017 fiscal year, SNAP recipients in
Pennsylvania spent more than $2.7 billion in benefits. These
dollars do not only benefit the recipient but flow to local
business that provide jobs and economic stability to the
commonwealth. SNAP spending currently accounts for more than
10 percent of all spending on food purchased to be eaten at
home. It is estimated that each SNAP dollar spent provides
nearly double the impact in local communities. Cuts to SNAP
are cuts to cuts farms, food processors, and grocery stores
as well.
SNAP is a critical safety net for our seniors and families.
SNAP recipients receive on average of $126 per month, which
translates to around $1.40 per meal. According to Feeding
America, the average meal in Pennsylvania costs $2.93. These
cuts are an attack on our most vulnerable citizens. If the
goal of House leadership is to decrease the amount of money
the federal government spends on SNAP, I suggest you raise
the federal minimum wage to $12.00 per hour and lift millions
of Americans out of poverty that way instead of taking food
off the table for Pennsylvanians. I urge you to reject this
partisan legislation and instead work together on a bill that
can pass both chambers with bipartisan support. My
administration is ready and eager to engage in conversations
on legislation to benefit all Pennsylvanians. Thank you for
the opportunity to weigh in on this issue.
Sincerely,
Tom Wolf,
Governor.
____
City of Philadelphia,
Philadelphia, PA.
Dear Representative Evans: I am writing to provide you with
information about the
[[Page H3772]]
impacts of changes to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance
Program (SNAP) that are proposed in the Agriculture and
Nutrition Act of 2018 under consideration in the House, which
include cuts to SNAP benefits and expansion of time limits
and work requirement. My administration has made work and
workforce a priority--in fact we recently announced the
City's workforce strategy: Fueling the Philadelphia's Talent
Engine. We believe that work is key to success for families
and for our communities. But adding bureaucratic requirements
and harsh penalties to a program that helps people stave off
hunger is not the way to increase employment.
In Philadelphia approximately 480,000 individuals receive
SNAP to help buy the food they need to survive and feed their
families. Most SNAP recipients who can work do work, and
would prefer to work more hours if they could. This bill
expands SNAP time-limits and work requirements and adds harsh
penalties--12 and 36 months ineligibility for food
assistance--for those who are not in compliance, even if they
are trying to find work. The bill proposes reducing the
spending on direct food assistance to needy families in order
to pay for implementation of these bureaucratic new
requirements. Research indicates aggressive new work
requirements are likely to cause families in need to lose
food assistance, while doing little to increase employment.
SNAP is critical to helping low-wage and part-time workers
who can't find steady employment, veterans, people who are
homeless, and people struggling with addictions. It also
helps families with children, seniors, and people with
disabilities put food on the table. It doesn't cost much--the
benefits average about $1.34 per person per meal--but it
helps Philadelphians fulfil basic needs. And it also has been
found to have long-term positive impacts on health, as well
as on children's educational attainment. SNAP also
contributes to the Philadelphia economy. Every dollar spent
in SNAP generates $1.70 in economic activity in
Philadelphia's grocery stores and farmer's markets.
We believe that one group of Philadelphians who would be
disproportionately impacted by the penalties related to work
requirements is people with criminal records. Having an
arrest any time in one's life continues to decrease a job
seeker's prospects more than any other factor. Returning
residents want work, but if their criminal record prevents
them from finding employment they would be unable to fulfil
the work requirement and would lose SNAP benefits as a
penalty.
Cutting off SNAP will not help Philadelphians get jobs but
will just make it harder for them to pay for the food they
need while they struggle to find work.
I urge you and your colleagues in Congress to focus on
policies that help create jobs and boost wages rather than
punishing people who are already facing economic hardship.
Sincerely,
James F. Kenney,
Mayor.
____
Montgomery County Board
of Commissioners,
Norristown, PA, April 17, 2018.
Hon. Dwight Evans:
Washington, DC.
Dear Congressman Evans: I am writing today to oppose the
changes to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
(SNAP) that are outlined in the Agriculture and Nutrition Act
of 2018. The proposed strict eligibility requirements would
eliminate as many as one million recipients that rely on SNAP
to feed themselves and their families.
In Montgomery County, more than 50,000 residents receive
SNAP benefits, and more than 21,000 of those recipients are
children. Another 8,000 are senior citizens, and more than
7,500 are disabled adults. For these residents, the SNAP
program makes the difference as to whether or not these
vulnerable individuals have a meal each day.
With an average monthly benefit of $123.51 for SNAP
recipients, it is already difficult for recipients to receive
proper nutrition. Not only that, but Montgomery County has a
large population that is food insecure, but earn just enough
to disqualify them for SNAP benefits. An estimated 58 percent
of those who experience hunger in our county are ineligible
for assistance. We need to extend SNAP benefits, not shrink
them, for our most vulnerable county residents.
In Pennsylvania, one in 12 workers use SNAP to supplement
their nutritional needs. Many of the workers on SNAP earn low
wages, have unstable schedules and cannot rely on enough
hours to feed their families each week, or are in between
jobs. SNAP assists workers in the service industry, sales and
retail workers, teaching assistants, construction and other
seasonal workers, and agricultural workers among many others.
These individuals are a critical component of our local
economy and yet still struggle to put food on the table for
their families.
As a doctor, I know that access to healthy, affordable food
and safe housing are key factors in the health of children
and adults. SNAP has an impact on the health of its
recipients--they have lower healthcare costs than people who
are eligible for SNAP, but do not use it. Food insecurity
also has a particularly negative impact on children, who
account for nearly half of SNAP recipients in Montgomery
County, and pregnant women, as it is linked to infant
mortality.
Any cuts to SNAP benefits, or restrictions that attempt to
broaden the circle of who legislators believe deserve to go
hungry, are bad for our residents. No one deserves to go
hungry--not the children in our county, and not their parents
who may sacrifice their own meals so there is more food for
their little ones.
SNAP is helping many families keep their heads above water,
and we should be finding more ways to expand the program to
assist those families, instead of trying to cut the rope.
Please contact my office if you have any questions.
Sincerely,
Valerie A. Arkoosh, MD, MPH,
Chair, Montgomery County Board
of Commissioners.
Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to read a little bit from Ms.
Arkoosh's letter.
``In Montgomery County, more than 50,000 residents receive SNAP
benefits, and more than 21,000 of those recipients are children.
Another 8,000 are senior citizens, and more than 7,500 are disabled
adults. For these residents, the SNAP program makes the difference as
to whether or not these vulnerable individuals have a meal each day.
``With an average monthly benefit of $123.51 for SNAP recipients, it
is already difficult for recipients to receive proper nutrition. Not
only that, but Montgomery County has a large population that is food
insecure, but earn just enough to disqualify them for SNAP benefits. An
estimated 58 percent of those who experience hunger in our county are
ineligible for assistance. We need to extend SNAP benefits, not shrink
them, for our most vulnerable county residents.
``In Pennsylvania, 1 in 12 workers use SNAP to supplement their
nutritional needs. Many of the workers on SNAP earn low wages, have
unstable schedules, and cannot rely on enough hours to feed their
families each week. . . . ''
This is a major county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Mr. Speaker, I give this as further evidence that clearly we are
going in the wrong direction. So let's be clear. With the President's
executive order, which is a thinly veiled attempt to restrict access to
healthcare, housing, food, and many other basic living programs, by
adding on onerous work requirements, it is not surprising that this
President is ordering a mass review of the social safety net programs
that help the poorest of the poor the same week that the nonpartisan
Congressional Budget Office projected a massive deficit as a result of
the Republican's tax scam.
Let's be clear, Mr. Speaker. Democrats sounded the alarm months ago
when the Republicans passed a massive $1.9 trillion tax cut. That is
because Republicans employed this terrible three-step process before.
First, cut the tax rate for top income earners and corporations.
Claim that it will magically pay enough through economic growth. We
have heard that before.
Second, balloon the deficit when economic growth does not pay for the
tax cut and pretend to be shocked.
Third, insist on massive cuts in critical programs that provide a
basic standard of living for all Americans, like eliminating Meals on
Wheels for seniors and benefits for Americans with disabilities.
Mr. Speaker, we have seen this plan before, and it is very
unfortunate. We all need to understand, as Dr. King talked about, a
beloved community. We are our brothers' and sisters' keeper.
What is worse, Mr. Speaker, the President's budget and executive
action to make it harder for struggling Americans to get the help they
need is officially step three.
The President and the conservatives who control this agenda paint a
racist and inadequate portrait of poor people as lazy welfare queens
who would rather depend on the government than pull themselves up by
the boot straps.
But nothing could be further from the truth. It is a reality that a
million Americans face. Everybody would like to work, Mr. Speaker. So
let's be very clear. Everybody, if they have a good, decent job and a
decent income, no one--no one, Mr. Speaker--wants to be on the SNAP
program.
However, Mr. Speaker, understanding the cyclical nature of our
economy, there is a need. Food banks cannot do it alone. We all know,
the reality is there is a direct connection between what is happening
in our economy.
So let's be clear. Our Nation's societal safety net already has
failed to help the families they need. Already, in
[[Page H3773]]
the State of Pennsylvania, nearly 14 percent of our population, many of
them in Philadelphia, are hungry. And, unfortunately, they will be
joined by more Pennsylvanians if this farm bill is to pass.
Mr. Speaker, this is not something to be taken lightly. This is not
something that we should smile and joke about because this is no joke.
There are an awful lot of people out here, Mr. Speaker. And the
Congressional Black Caucus stands today to work with anyone who is
trying to move us forward and not backwards.
So it is clear, Mr. Speaker, in terms of the effects that we are
having, this is something that we shouldn't take lightly.
Mr. Speaker, I would like to make a little announcement about the
person who does all the staff work, because it is important to
recognize staff.
She has been the guiding force behind these Special Orders, and I
want to thank her personally and go on the record that Caren Street has
been a fantastic person. She is just leaving the Congressional Black
Caucus, but she will still be around and be available.
Mr. Speaker, I want to thank Caren for all she has done for the
people of this country and particularly for the Congressional Black
Caucus.
Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
____________________