[Congressional Record Volume 164, Number 41 (Thursday, March 8, 2018)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1594-S1600]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 2179. Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Mr. Reed, Ms. Warren, Mrs. Murray, 
Mr. Brown, Mr. Blumenthal, Ms. Baldwin, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Whitehouse, 
Ms. Hassan, Mr. Van Hollen, and Mr. Markey) submitted an amendment 
intended to be proposed to amendment SA 2151 proposed by Mr. Crapo (for 
himself, Mr. Donnelly, Ms. Heitkamp, Mr. Tester, and Mr. Warner) to the 
bill S. 2155, to promote economic growth, provide tailored regulatory 
relief, and enhance consumer protections, and for other purposes; which 
was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

       Beginning on page 188, strike line 5 and all that follows 
     through line 20, on page 190, and insert the following:
       (a) In General.--Section 128(e) of the Truth in Lending Act 
     (15 U.S.C. 1638(e)) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:
       ``(12) Rehabilitation of private education loans.--If a 
     borrower of a private education loan successfully and 
     voluntarily makes 9 payments within 20 days of the due date 
     during 10 consecutive months of amounts owed on the private 
     education loan, or otherwise brings the private education 
     loan current after the loan is charged-off, the loan shall be 
     considered rehabilitated, and the lender or servicer shall 
     request that any consumer reporting agency to which the 
     charge-off was reported remove the delinquency that led to 
     the charge-off and the charge-off from the borrower's credit 
     history.''.

       On page 191, strike lines 1 through 5 and insert the 
     following:
       (A) the implementation of paragraph (12) of section 128(e) 
     of the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1638(e)) (referred to 
     in this paragraph as ``the provision''), as added by 
     subsection (a);

       At the end, add the following:

                     TITLE VII--STUDENT PROTECTIONS

     SEC. 701. STUDENT LOAN BORROWER BILL OF RIGHTS.

       (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the 
     ``Student Loan Borrower Bill of Rights''.
       (b) Truth in Lending Act Amendments.--The Truth in Lending 
     Act (15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), as amended by this Act, is 
     further amended--
       (1) in section 128--
       (A) in subsection (e)--
       (i) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Private'';
       (ii) in paragraph (1)(O), by striking ``paragraph (6)'' and 
     inserting ``paragraph (9)'';
       (iii) in paragraph (2)(L), by striking ``paragraph (6)'' 
     and inserting ``paragraph (9)'';
       (iv) in paragraph (4)(C), by striking ``paragraph (7)'' and 
     inserting ``paragraph (10)'';
       (v) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (12) as 
     paragraphs (8) through (15), respectively;
       (vi) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
       ``(5) Disclosures before first fully amortized payment.--
     Not fewer than 30 days and not more than 150 days before the 
     first fully amortized payment on a postsecondary education 
     loan is due from the borrower, the postsecondary educational 
     lender shall disclose to the borrower, clearly and 
     conspicuously--
       ``(A) the information described in--
       ``(i) paragraph (2)(A) (adjusted, as necessary, for the 
     rate of interest in effect on the date the first fully 
     amortized payment on a postsecondary education loan is due);
       ``(ii) subparagraphs (B) through (G) of paragraph (2);
       ``(iii) paragraph (2)(H) (adjusted, as necessary, for the 
     rate of interest in effect on the date the first fully 
     amortized payment on a postsecondary education loan is due);
       ``(iv) paragraph (2)(K); and
       ``(v) subparagraphs (O) and (P) of paragraph (2);
       ``(B) the scheduled date upon which the first fully 
     amortized payment is due;
       ``(C) the name of the lender and servicer, and the address 
     to which communications and payments should be sent including 
     a telephone number and website where the borrower may obtain 
     additional information;
       ``(D) a description of alternative repayment plans, 
     including loan consolidation or refinancing, and 
     servicemember or veteran benefits under the Servicemembers 
     Civil Relief Act (50 U.S.C. App. 501 et seq.) or other 
     Federal or State law related to postsecondary education 
     loans; and
       ``(E) a statement that a Servicemember and Veterans Liaison 
     designated under paragraph (16)(I) is available to answer 
     inquiries about servicemember and veteran benefits related to 
     postsecondary education loans, including the toll-free 
     telephone number to contact the Liaison pursuant to paragraph 
     (16)(I).
       ``(6) Disclosures when borrower is 30 days delinquent.--Not 
     fewer than 5 days after a borrower becomes 30 days delinquent 
     on a postsecondary education loan, the postsecondary 
     educational lender shall disclose to the borrower, clearly 
     and conspicuously--
       ``(A) the date on which the loan will be charged-off (as 
     defined in paragraph (16)(A)) or assigned to collections, 
     including the consequences of such charge-off or assignment 
     to collections, if no payment is made;
       ``(B) the minimum payment that the borrower must make to 
     avoid the loan being charged off (as defined in paragraph 
     (16)(A)) or assigned to collection, and the minimum payment 
     that the borrower must make to bring the loan current;
       ``(C) a statement informing the borrower that a payment of 
     less than the minimum payment described in subparagraph (B) 
     could result in the loan being charged off (as defined in 
     paragraph (16)(A)) or assigned to collection; and

[[Page S1595]]

       ``(D) a statement that a Servicemember and Veterans Liaison 
     designated under paragraph (16)(I) is available to answer 
     inquiries about servicemember and veteran benefits related to 
     postsecondary education loans, including the toll-free 
     telephone number to contact the Liaison pursuant to paragraph 
     (16)(I).
       ``(7) Disclosures when borrower is having difficulty making 
     payment or is 60 days delinquent.--
       ``(A) In general.--Not fewer than 5 days after a borrower 
     notifies a postsecondary educational lender that the borrower 
     is having difficulty making payment or a borrower becomes 60 
     days delinquent on a postsecondary education loan, the 
     postsecondary educational lender shall--
       ``(i) complete a full review of the borrower's 
     postsecondary education loan and make a reasonable effort to 
     obtain the information necessary to determine--

       ``(I) if the borrower is eligible for an alternative 
     repayment plan, including loan consolidation or refinancing; 
     and
       ``(II) if the borrower is eligible for servicemember or 
     veteran benefits under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act 
     (50 U.S.C. App. 501 et seq.) or other Federal or State law 
     related to postsecondary education loans;

       ``(ii) provide the borrower, in writing, in simple and 
     understandable terms, information about alternative repayment 
     plans and benefits for which the borrower is eligible, 
     including all terms, conditions, and fees or costs associated 
     with such repayment plan, pursuant to paragraph (8)(D);
       ``(iii) allow the borrower not less than 30 days to apply 
     for an alternative repayment plan or benefits, if eligible; 
     and
       ``(iv) notify the borrower that a Servicemember and 
     Veterans Liaison designated under paragraph (16)(I) is 
     available to answer inquiries about servicemember and veteran 
     benefits related to postsecondary education loans, including 
     the toll-free telephone number to contact the Liaison 
     pursuant to paragraph (16)(I).
       ``(B) Forbearance or deferment.--If a borrower notifies the 
     postsecondary educational lender that a long-term alternative 
     repayment plan is not appropriate, the postsecondary 
     educational lender may comply with this paragraph by 
     providing the borrower, in writing, in simple and 
     understandable terms, information about short-term options to 
     address an anticipated short-term difficulty in making 
     payments, such as forbearance or deferment options, including 
     all terms, conditions, and fees or costs associated with such 
     options pursuant to paragraph (8)(D).
       ``(C) Notification process.--
       ``(i) In general.--Each postsecondary educational lender 
     shall establish a process, in accordance subparagraph (A), 
     for a borrower to notify the lender that--

       ``(I) the borrower is having difficulty making payments on 
     a postsecondary education loan; and
       ``(II) a long-term alternative repayment plan is not 
     needed.

       ``(ii) Consumer financial protection bureau requirements.--
     The Director of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, 
     in consultation with the Secretary of Education, shall 
     promulgate rules establishing minimum standards for 
     postsecondary educational lenders in carrying out the 
     requirements of this paragraph and a model form for borrowers 
     to notify postsecondary educational lenders of the 
     information under this paragraph.'';
       (vii) in paragraph (8), as redesignated by clause (v), by 
     adding at the end the following:
       ``(D) Model disclosure form for alternative repayment 
     plans, forbearance, and deferment options.--Not later than 2 
     years after the date of enactment of the Student Loan 
     Borrower Bill of Rights, the Director of the Bureau of 
     Consumer Financial Protection, in consultation with the 
     Secretary of Education, shall develop and issue model forms 
     to allow borrowers to compare alternative repayment plans, 
     forbearance, and deferment options with the borrower's 
     existing repayment plan with respect to a postsecondary 
     education loan. Such forms shall include the following:
       ``(i) The total amount to be paid over the life of the 
     loan.
       ``(ii) The total amount in interest to be paid over the 
     life of the loan.
       ``(iii) The monthly payment amount.
       ``(iv) The expected pay-off date.
       ``(v) Related fees and costs.
       ``(vi) Eligibility requirements, and how the borrower can 
     apply for the alternative repayment plan, forbearance, or 
     deferment option.
       ``(vii) Any relevant consequences due to action or 
     inaction, such as default, including any actions that would 
     result in the loss of eligibility for alternative repayment 
     plans, forbearance, or deferment options.'';
       (viii) in paragraph (11), as redesignated by clause (v), by 
     striking ``paragraph (7)'' and inserting ``paragraph (10)'';
       (ix) by striking paragraph (13), as redesignated by clause 
     (v), and inserting the following:
       ``(13) Definitions.--In this subsection--
       ``(A) the terms `covered educational institution', `private 
     educational lender', and `private education loan' have the 
     same meanings as in section 140; and
       ``(B) the term `postsecondary education loan' means
       ``(i) a private education loan; or
       ``(ii) a loan made, insured, or guaranteed under part B, D, 
     or E of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
     U.S.C. 1071 et seq., 1087a et seq., and 1087aa et seq.).'';
       (x) in paragraph (14), as redesignated by clause (v), by 
     striking ``paragraph (5)'' and inserting ``paragraph (8)''; 
     and
       (xi) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(16) Student loan borrower bill of rights.--
       ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
       ``(i) Borrower.--The term `borrower' means the person to 
     whom a postsecondary education loan is extended.
       ``(ii) Charge off.--The term `charge off' means charge to 
     profit and loss, or subject to any similar action.
       ``(iii) Qualified written request.--

       ``(I) In general.--The term `qualified written request' 
     means a written correspondence of a borrower (other than 
     notice on a payment medium supplied by the student loan 
     servicer) transmitted by mail, facsimile, or electronically 
     through an email address or website designated by the student 
     loan servicer to receive communications from borrowers that--

       ``(aa) includes, or otherwise enables the student loan 
     servicer to identify, the name and account of the borrower; 
     and
       ``(bb) includes, to the extent applicable--

       ``(AA) sufficient detail regarding the information sought 
     by the borrower; or
       ``(BB) a statement of the reasons for the belief of the 
     borrower that there is an error regarding the account of the 
     borrower.
       ``(II) Correspondence delivered to other addresses.--

       ``(aa) In general.--A written correspondence of a borrower 
     is a qualified written request if the written correspondence 
     is transmitted to and received by a student loan servicer at 
     a mailing address, facsimile number, email address, or 
     website address other than the address or number designated 
     by that student loan servicer to receive communications from 
     borrowers but the written correspondence meets the 
     requirements under items (aa) and (bb) of subclause (I).
       ``(bb) Duty to transfer.--A student loan servicer shall, 
     within a reasonable period of time, transfer a written 
     correspondence of a borrower received by the student loan 
     servicer at a mailing address, facsimile number, email 
     address, or website address other than the address or number 
     designated by that student loan servicer to receive 
     communications from borrowers to the correct address or 
     appropriate office or other unit of the student loan 
     servicer.
       ``(cc) Date of receipt.--A written correspondence of a 
     borrower transferred in accordance with item (bb) shall be 
     deemed to be received by the student loan servicer on the 
     date on which the written correspondence is transferred to 
     the correct address or appropriate office or other unit of 
     the student loan servicer.
       ``(iv) Servicer.--The term `servicer' means the person 
     responsible for the servicing of a postsecondary education 
     loan, including any agent of such person or the person who 
     makes, owns, or holds a loan if such person also services the 
     loan.
       ``(v) Servicing.--The term `servicing' means--

       ``(I) receiving any scheduled periodic payments from a 
     borrower pursuant to the terms of a postsecondary education 
     loan;
       ``(II) making the payments of principal and interest and 
     such other payments with respect to the amounts received from 
     the borrower, as may be required pursuant to the terms of the 
     loan; and
       ``(III) performing other administrative services with 
     respect to the loan.

       ``(B) Sale, transfer, or assignment.--If the sale, other 
     transfer, assignment, or transfer of servicing obligations of 
     a postsecondary education loan results in a change in the 
     identity of the party to whom the borrower must send 
     subsequent payments or direct any communications concerning 
     the loan--
       ``(i) the transferor shall--

       ``(I) notify the borrower, in writing, in simple and 
     understandable terms, not fewer than 45 days before 
     transferring a legally enforceable right to receive payment 
     from the borrower on such loan, of--

       ``(aa) the sale or other transfer, assignment, or transfer 
     of servicing obligations;
       ``(bb) the identity of the transferee;
       ``(cc) the name and address of the party to whom subsequent 
     payments or communications must be sent;
       ``(dd) the telephone numbers and websites of both the 
     transferor and the transferee;
       ``(ee) the effective date of the sale, transfer, or 
     assignment;
       ``(ff) the date on which the transferor will stop accepting 
     payment; and
       ``(gg) the date on which the transferee will begin 
     accepting payment; and

       ``(II) forward any payment from a borrower with respect to 
     such postsecondary education loan to the transferee, 
     immediately upon receiving such payment, during the 60-day 
     period beginning on the date on which the transferor stops 
     accepting payment of such postsecondary education loan; and

       ``(ii) the transferee shall--

       ``(I) notify the borrower, in writing, in simple and 
     understandable terms, not fewer than 45 days before acquiring 
     a legally enforceable right to receive payment from the 
     borrower on such loan, of--

       ``(aa) the sale or other transfer, assignment, or transfer 
     of servicing obligations;
       ``(bb) the identity of the transferor:
       ``(cc) the name and address of the party to whom subsequent 
     payments or communications must be sent;

[[Page S1596]]

       ``(dd) the telephone numbers and websites of both the 
     transferor and the transferee;
       ``(ee) the effective date of the sale, transfer, 
     assignment, or transfer of servicing obligations;
       ``(ff) the date on which the transferor will stop accepting 
     payment; and
       ``(gg) the date on which the transferee will begin 
     accepting payment;

       ``(II) accept as on-time and may not impose any late fee or 
     finance charge for any payment from a borrower with respect 
     to such postsecondary education loan that is forwarded from 
     the transferor during the 60-day period beginning on the date 
     on which the transferor stops accepting payment, if the 
     transferor receives such payment on or before the applicable 
     due date, including any grace period;
       ``(III) provide borrowers a simple, online process for 
     transferring existing electronic fund transfer authority; and
       ``(IV) honor any promotion or benefit offered to the 
     borrower or advertised by the previous owner or transferor of 
     such postsecondary education loan.

       ``(C) Material change in mailing address or procedure for 
     handling payments.--If a servicer makes a change in the 
     mailing address, office, or procedures for handling payments 
     with respect to any postsecondary education loan, and such 
     change causes a delay in the crediting of the account of the 
     borrower made during the 60-day period following the date on 
     which such change took effect, the servicer may not impose 
     any late fee or finance charge for a late payment on such 
     postsecondary education loan.
       ``(D) Interest rate and term changes for certain post-
     secondary education loans.--
       ``(i) Notification requirements.--

       ``(I) In general.--Except as provided in clause (iii), a 
     student loan servicer shall provide written notice to a 
     borrower of any material change in the terms of the 
     postsecondary education loan, including an increase in the 
     interest rate, not later than 45 days before the effective 
     date of the change or increase.
       ``(II) Material changes in terms.--The Bureau shall, by 
     regulation, establish guidelines for determining which 
     changes in terms are material under subclause (I).

       ``(ii) Limits on interest rate and fee increases applicable 
     to outstanding balance.--Except as provided in clause (iii), 
     a loan holder or student loan servicer may not increase the 
     interest rate or other fee applicable to an outstanding 
     balance on a postsecondary education loan.
       ``(iii) Exceptions.--The requirements under clauses (i) and 
     (ii) shall not apply to--

       ``(I) an increase in any applicable variable interest rate 
     incorporated in the terms of a postsecondary education loan 
     that provides for changes in the interest rate according to 
     operation of an index that is not under the control of the 
     loan holder or student loan servicer and is published for 
     viewing by the general public;
       ``(II) an increase in interest rate due to the completion 
     of a workout or temporary hardship arrangement by the 
     borrower or the failure of the borrower to comply with the 
     terms of a workout or temporary hardship arrangement if--

       ``(aa) the interest rate applicable to a category of 
     transactions following any such increase does not exceed the 
     rate or fee that applied to that category of transactions 
     prior to commencement of the arrangement; and
       ``(bb) the loan holder or student loan servicer has 
     provided the borrower, prior to the commencement of such 
     arrangement, with clear and conspicuous disclosure of the 
     terms of the arrangement (including any increases due to such 
     completion or failure); and

       ``(III) an increase in interest rate due to a provision 
     included within the terms of a postsecondary education loan 
     that provides for a lower interest rate based on the 
     borrower's agreement to a prearranged plan that authorizes 
     recurring electronic funds transfers if--

       ``(aa) the borrower withdraws the borrower's authorization 
     of the prearranged recurring electronic funds transfer plan; 
     and
       ``(bb) after withdrawal of the borrower's authorization and 
     prior to increasing the interest rate, the loan holder or 
     student loan servicer has provided the borrower with clear 
     and conspicuous disclosure of the impending change in 
     borrower's interest rate and a reasonable opportunity to 
     reauthorize the prearranged electronic funds transfers plan.
       ``(E) Application of payments.--
       ``(i) In general.--Unless otherwise directed by the 
     borrower of a postsecondary education loan, upon receipt of a 
     payment, the servicer shall apply amounts first to the 
     interest and fees owed on the payment due date, and then to 
     the principal balance of the postsecondary education loan 
     bearing the highest annual percentage rate, and then to each 
     successive interest and fees and then principal balance 
     bearing the next highest annual percentage rate, until the 
     payment is exhausted. A borrower may instruct or expressly 
     authorize the servicer to apply payments in a different 
     manner.
       ``(ii) Application of excess amounts.--Unless otherwise 
     directed by the borrower of a postsecondary education loan, 
     upon receipt of a payment, the servicer shall apply amounts 
     in excess of the minimum payment amount first to the interest 
     and fees owed on the payment due date, and then to the 
     principal balance of the postsecondary education loan balance 
     bearing the highest annual percentage rate, and then to each 
     successive interest and fees and principal balance bearing 
     the next highest annual percentage rate, until the payment is 
     exhausted. A borrower may instruct or expressly authorize the 
     servicer to apply such excess payments in a different manner. 
     A borrower may also voluntarily increase the periodic payment 
     amount, including by increasing their recurring electronic 
     payment, with the right to return to their original 
     amortization schedule at any time. Servicers shall provide a 
     simple, online method to allow borrowers to make voluntary 
     one-time additional payments, voluntarily increase the amount 
     of their periodic payment, and return to their original 
     amortization schedule.
       ``(iii) Apply payment on date received.--Unless otherwise 
     directed by the borrower of a postsecondary education loan, a 
     servicer shall apply payments to a borrower's account on the 
     date the payment is received.
       ``(iv) Promulgation of rules.--The Director of the Bureau 
     of Consumer Financial Protection, in consultation with the 
     Secretary of Education, may promulgate rules for the 
     application of postsecondary education loan payments that--

       ``(I) implements the requirements in this section;
       ``(II) minimizes the amount of fees and interest incurred 
     by the borrower and the total loan amount paid by the 
     borrower;
       ``(III) minimizes delinquencies, assignments to collection, 
     and charge-offs;
       ``(IV) requires servicers to apply payments on the date 
     received; and
       ``(V) allows the borrower to instruct the servicer to apply 
     payments in a manner preferred by the borrower, including 
     excess payments.

       ``(v) Method that best benefits borrower.--In promulgating 
     the rules under clause (iv), the Director of the Bureau of 
     Consumer Financial Protection shall choose the application 
     method that best benefits the borrower and is compatible with 
     existing repayment options.
       ``(F) Payments and fees.--
       ``(i) Prohibition on recommending default.--A loan holder 
     or student loan servicer may not recommend or encourage 
     default or delinquency on an existing postsecondary education 
     loan prior to and in connection with the process of 
     qualifying for or enrolling in an alternative repayment 
     arrangement, including the origination of a new postsecondary 
     education loan that refinances all or any portion of such 
     existing loan or debt.
       ``(ii) Late fees.--

       ``(I) In general.--A late fee may not be charged to a 
     borrower for a postsecondary education loan under any of the 
     following circumstances, either individually or in 
     combination:

       ``(aa) On a per-loan basis when a borrower has multiple 
     postsecondary education loans in a billing group.
       ``(bb) In an amount greater than 4 percent of the amount of 
     the payment past due.
       ``(cc) Before the end of the 15-day period beginning on the 
     date the payment is due.
       ``(dd) More than once with respect to a single late 
     payment.
       ``(ee) The borrower fails to make a singular, non-
     successive regularly-scheduled payment on the postsecondary 
     education loan.
       ``(ff) The student loan servicer has failed to adopt 
     reasonable procedures designed to ensure that each billing 
     statement required under subparagraph (K) is mailed or 
     delivered to the consumer not later than 21 days before the 
     payment due date.
       ``(iii) Coordination with subsequent late fees.--No late 
     fee may be charged to a borrower for a postsecondary 
     education loan relating to an insufficient payment if the 
     payment is made on or before the due date of the payment, or 
     within any applicable grace period for the payment, if the 
     insufficiency is attributable only to a late fee relating to 
     an earlier payment, and the payment is otherwise a full 
     payment for the applicable period.
       ``(iv) Payments at local branches.--If the loan holder, in 
     the case of a postsecondary education loan account referred 
     to in subparagraph (A), is a financial institution that 
     maintains a branch or office at which payments on any such 
     account are accepted from the borrower in person, the date on 
     which the borrower makes a payment on the account at such 
     branch or office shall be considered to be the date on which 
     the payment is made for purposes of determining whether a 
     late fee may be imposed due to the failure of the borrower to 
     make payment on or before the due date for such payment.
       ``(G) Borrower inquiries.--
       ``(i) Duty of student loan servicers to respond to borrower 
     inquiries.--

       ``(I) Notice of receipt of request.--If a borrower of a 
     postsecondary education loan submits a qualified written 
     request to the student loan servicer for information relating 
     to the student loan servicing of the postsecondary education 
     loan, the student loan servicer shall provide a written 
     response acknowledging receipt of the qualified written 
     request within 5 business days unless any action requested by 
     the borrower is taken within such period.
       ``(II) Action with respect to inquiry.--Not later than 30 
     business days after the receipt from a borrower of a 
     qualified written request under subclause (I) and, if 
     applicable, before taking any action with respect to the 
     qualified written request of the borrower, the student loan 
     servicer shall--

[[Page S1597]]

       ``(aa) make appropriate corrections in the account of the 
     borrower, including the crediting of any late fees, and 
     transmit to the borrower a written notification of such 
     correction (which shall include the name and toll-free or 
     collect-call telephone number of a representative of the 
     student loan servicer who can provide assistance to the 
     borrower);
       ``(bb) after conducting an investigation, provide the 
     borrower with a written explanation or clarification that 
     includes--
       ``(AA) to the extent applicable, a statement of the reasons 
     for which the student loan servicer believes the account of 
     the borrower is correct as determined by the student loan 
     servicer; and
       ``(BB) the name and toll-free or collect-call telephone 
     number of an individual employed by, or the office or 
     department of, the student loan servicer who can provide 
     assistance to the borrower; or
       ``(cc) after conducting an investigation, provide the 
     borrower with a written explanation or clarification that 
     includes--
       ``(AA) information requested by the borrower or explanation 
     of why the information requested is unavailable or cannot be 
     obtained by the student loan servicer; and
       ``(BB) the name and toll-free or collect-call telephone 
     number of an individual employed by, or the office or 
     department of, the student loan servicer who can provide 
     assistance to the borrower.

       ``(III) Limited extension of response time.--

       ``(aa) In general.--There may be 1 extension of the 30-day 
     period described in subclause (II) of not more than 15 days 
     if, before the end of such 30-day period, the student loan 
     servicer notifies the borrower of the extension and the 
     reasons for the delay in responding.
       ``(bb) Reports to bureau.--Each student loan servicer 
     shall, on an annual basis, report to the Bureau the aggregate 
     number of extensions sought by the student loan servicer 
     under item (aa).
       ``(ii) Protection of credit information.--During the 60-day 
     period beginning on the date on which a student loan servicer 
     receives a qualified written request from a borrower relating 
     to a dispute regarding payments by the borrower, a student 
     loan servicer may not provide negative credit information to 
     any consumer reporting agency (as defined in section 603 of 
     the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681a)) relating to 
     the subject of the qualified written request or to such 
     period, including any information relating to a late payment 
     or payment owed by the borrower on the borrower's 
     postsecondary education loan.
       ``(H) Single point of contact for certain borrowers.--A 
     student loan servicer shall designate an office or other unit 
     of the student loan servicer to act as a point of contact 
     regarding postsecondary education loans for borrowers 
     considered to be at risk of default, including--
       ``(i) any borrower who requests information related to 
     options to reduce or suspend his or her monthly payment, or 
     otherwise indicates that he or she is experiencing or is 
     about to experience financial hardship or distress;
       ``(ii) any borrower who becomes 60 calendar days delinquent 
     on any loan;
       ``(iii) any borrower who has not completed the program of 
     study for which the borrower received the loan;
       ``(iv) any borrower who is enrolled in discretionary 
     forbearance for more than 9 months of the previous 12 months;
       ``(v) any borrower who has rehabilitated or consolidated 
     one or more student loans out of default within the prior 12 
     months;
       ``(vi) a borrower under a private education loan who is 
     seeking to modify the terms of the repayment of the 
     postsecondary education loan because of hardship; and
       ``(vii) any borrower or segment of borrowers determined by 
     the Director of the Bureau to be at risk of default.
       ``(I) Servicemembers, veterans, and postsecondary education 
     loans.--
       ``(i) Servicemember and veterans liaison.--Each servicer 
     shall designate an employee to act as the servicemember and 
     veterans liaison who is responsible for answering inquiries 
     from servicemembers and veterans, and is specially trained on 
     servicemember and veteran benefits under the Servicemembers 
     Civil Relief Act (50 U.S.C. App. 501 et seq.) and other 
     Federal or State laws related to postsecondary education 
     loans.
       ``(ii) Toll-free telephone number.--Each servicer shall 
     maintain a toll-free telephone number that shall--

       ``(I) connect directly to the servicemember and veterans 
     liaison designated under clause (i); and
       ``(II) be made available on the primary internet website of 
     the servicer and on monthly billing statements.

       ``(iii) Prohibition on charge offs and default.--A lender 
     or servicer may not charge off or report a postsecondary 
     education loan as delinquent, assigned to collection 
     (internally or by referral to a third party), in default, or 
     charged-off to a credit reporting agency if the borrower is 
     on active duty in the Armed Forces (as defined in section 
     101(d)(1) of title 10, United States Code) serving in a 
     combat zone (as designated by the President under section 
     112(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986).
       ``(iv) Additional liaisons.--The Secretary shall determine 
     additional entities with whom borrowers interact, including 
     guaranty agencies, that shall designate an employee to act as 
     the servicemember and veterans liaison who is responsible for 
     answering inquiries from servicemembers and veterans and is 
     specially trained on servicemembers and veteran benefits and 
     option under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (50 U.S.C. 
     App. 501 et seq.).
       ``(J) Borrower's loan history.--
       ``(i) In general.--A servicer shall make available through 
     a secure website, or in writing upon request, the loan 
     history of each borrower for each postsecondary education 
     loan, separately designating--

       ``(I) payment history;
       ``(II) loan history, including any forbearances, deferrals, 
     delinquencies, assignment to collection, and charge offs;
       ``(III) annual percentage rate history;
       ``(IV) key loan terms, including application of payments to 
     interest, principal, and fees, origination date, principal, 
     capitalized interest, annual percentage rate, including any 
     cap, loan term, and any contractual incentives; and
       ``(V) balance due to pay off the outstanding balance.

       ``(ii) Original documentation.--A servicer shall make 
     available to the borrower, if requested, at no charge, copies 
     of the original loan documents and the promissory note for 
     each postsecondary education loan.
       ``(iii) Prompt delivery.--A loan holder or a student loan 
     servicer that has received a request by a borrower or a 
     person authorized by a borrower for the information described 
     in clause (i) shall provide such information to the borrower 
     or person authorized by the borrower not later than 5 
     business days after receiving such request.
       ``(K) Additional servicing standards.--
       ``(i) Statement required with each billing cycle.--A 
     student loan servicer for each borrower's account that is 
     being serviced by that student loan servicer and that 
     includes a postsecondary education loan shall transmit to the 
     borrower, for each billing cycle at the end of which there is 
     an outstanding balance in that account, a statement that 
     includes--

       ``(I) the outstanding balance in the account at the 
     beginning of the billing cycle;
       ``(II) the total amount credited to the account during the 
     billing cycle;
       ``(III) the amount of any fee added to the account during 
     the billing cycle, itemized to show the amounts, if any, due 
     to the application of an increased interest rate, and the 
     amount, if any, imposed as a minimum or fixed charge;
       ``(IV) the balance on which the fee described in subclause 
     (III) was computed and a statement of how the balance was 
     determined;
       ``(V) whether the balance described in subclause (IV) was 
     determined without first deducting all payments and other 
     credits during the billing cycle, and the amount of any such 
     payments and credits;
       ``(VI) the outstanding balance in the account at the end of 
     the billing cycle;
       ``(VII) the date by which, or the period within which, 
     payment must be made to avoid late fees, if any;
       ``(VIII) the address of the student loan servicer to which 
     the borrower may direct billing inquiries;
       ``(IX) the amount of any payments or other credits during 
     the billing cycle that was applied to pay down principal, and 
     the amount applied to interest;
       ``(X) in the case of a billing group, the allocation of any 
     payments or other credits during the billing cycle to each of 
     the postsecondary education loans in the billing group;
       ``(XI) information on how to file a complaint with the 
     Bureau and with the ombudsman designated pursuant to section 
     1035 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer 
     Protection Act (12 U.S.C. 5535); and
       ``(XII) any other information determined by the Bureau, 
     which may include information in the Bureau's Student Loan 
     Payback Playbook.

       ``(ii) Disclosure of payment deadlines.--In the case of a 
     postsecondary education loan account under which a late fee 
     or charge may be imposed due to the failure of the borrower 
     to make payment on or before the due date for such payment, 
     the billing statement required under clause (i) with respect 
     to the account shall include, in a conspicuous location on 
     the billing statement, the date on which the payment is due 
     or, if different, the date on which a late fee will be 
     charged, together with the amount of the late fee to be 
     imposed if payment is made after that date.
       ``(L) Arbitration.--
       ``(i) Waiver of rights and remedies.--Any rights and 
     remedies available to borrowers against servicers may not be 
     waived by any agreement, policy, or form, including by a 
     predispute arbitration agreement.
       ``(ii) Predispute arbitration agreements.--No predispute 
     arbitration agreement shall be valid or enforceable by a 
     servicer, including as a third-party beneficiary or by 
     estoppel, if the agreement requires arbitration of a dispute 
     with respect to a postsecondary education loan. This clause 
     applies to predispute arbitration agreements entered into 
     before the date of enactment of the Student Loan Borrower 
     Bill of Rights, as well as on and after such date of 
     enactment, if the violation that is the subject of the 
     dispute occurred on or after such date of enactment.
       ``(M) Enforcement.--The provisions of this paragraph shall 
     be enforced by the agencies specified in subsections (a) 
     through (d) of section 108, in the manner set forth in that

[[Page S1598]]

     section or under any other applicable authorities available 
     to such agencies by law, and by State Attorneys General.
       ``(N) Preemption.--Nothing in this paragraph may be 
     construed to preempt any provision of State law regarding 
     postsecondary education loans where the State law provides 
     stronger consumer protections.
       ``(O) Civil liability.--A servicer that fails to comply 
     with any requirement imposed under this paragraph shall be 
     deemed a creditor that has failed to comply with a 
     requirement under this chapter for purposes of liability 
     under section 130 and such servicer shall be subject to the 
     liability provisions under such section, including the 
     provisions under paragraphs (1), (2)(A)(i), (2)(B), and (3) 
     of section 130(a).
       ``(P) Eligibility for discharge.--The Director of the 
     Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, in consultation with 
     the Secretary of Education, shall promulgate rules requiring 
     lenders and servicers of loans described in paragraph 
     (13)(B)(ii) to--
       ``(i) identify and contact borrowers who may be eligible 
     for student loan discharge by the Secretary;
       ``(ii) provide the borrower, in writing, in simple and 
     understandable terms, information about obtaining such 
     discharge; and
       ``(iii) create a streamlined process for eligible borrowers 
     to apply for and receive such discharge.
       ``(Q) Student loan servicer requirements.--A student loan 
     servicer may not--
       ``(i) charge a fee for responding to a qualified written 
     request under this chapter;
       ``(ii) fail to take timely action to respond to a qualified 
     written request from a borrower to correct an error relating 
     to an allocation of payment or the payoff amount of the 
     postsecondary education loan;
       ``(iii) fail to take reasonable steps to avail the borrower 
     of all possible alternative repayment arrangements to avoid 
     default;
       ``(iv) fail to perform the obligations required under title 
     IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 et 
     seq.);
       ``(v) fail to respond within 10 business days to a request 
     from a borrower to provide the name, address, and other 
     relevant contact information of the loan holder of the 
     borrower's postsecondary education loan or, for a Federal 
     Direct Loan or a Federal Perkins Loan, the Secretary of 
     Education or the institution of higher education who made the 
     loan, respectively;
       ``(vi) fail to comply with any applicable requirement of 
     the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (50 U.S.C. App. 501 et 
     seq.);
       ``(vii) fail to comply with any other obligation that the 
     Bureau, by regulation, has determined to be appropriate to 
     carry out the consumer protection purposes of this chapter; 
     or
       ``(viii) fail to perform other standard servicer's 
     duties.''; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(g) Information To Be Available at No Charge.--The 
     information required to be disclosed under this section shall 
     be made available at no charge to the borrower.''; and
       (2) in section 130(a)--
       (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``128(e)(7)'' and 
     inserting ``128(e)(10)''; and
       (B) in the flush matter at the end, by striking ``or 
     paragraph (4)(C), (6), (7), or (8) of section 128(e),'' and 
     inserting ``or paragraph (4)(C), (9), (10), or (11) of 
     section 128(e),''.
       (c) Student Loan Information by Eligible Lenders.--Section 
     433 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1083) is 
     amended--
       (1) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in paragraph (12), by striking ``and'' after the 
     semicolon;
       (B) in paragraph (13), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; and''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(14) a statement that--
       ``(A) the borrower may be entitled to servicemember and 
     veteran benefits under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act 
     (50 U.S.C. App. 501 et seq.) and other Federal or State laws; 
     and
       ``(B) a Servicemember and Veterans Liaison designated under 
     section 128(e)(16)(I)(i) of the Truth in Lending Act (15 
     U.S.C. 1638(e)(16)(I)(i)) is available to answer inquiries 
     about servicemember and veteran benefits, including the toll-
     free telephone number to contact the Liaison pursuant to such 
     section.''; and
       (2) in subsection (e)--
       (A) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the following:
       ``(D) A statement that--
       ``(i) the borrower may be entitled to servicemember and 
     veteran benefits under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act 
     (50 U.S.C. App. 501 et seq.) and other Federal or State laws; 
     and
       ``(ii) a Servicemember and Veterans Liaison designated 
     under section 128(e)(16)(I)(i) of the Truth in Lending Act 
     (15 U.S.C. 1638(e)(16)(I)(i)) is available to answer 
     inquiries about servicemember and veteran benefits, including 
     the toll-free telephone number to contact the Liaison 
     pursuant to such section.''; and
       (B) in paragraph (3), by adding at the end the following:
       ``(F) A statement that--
       ``(i) the borrower may be entitled to servicemember and 
     veteran benefits under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act 
     (50 U.S.C. App. 501 et seq.) and other Federal or State laws; 
     and
       ``(ii) a Servicemember and Veterans Liaison designated 
     under section 128(e)(16)(I)(i) of the Truth in Lending Act 
     (15 U.S.C. 1638(e)(16)(I)(i)) is available to answer 
     inquiries about servicemember and veteran benefits, including 
     the toll-free telephone number to contact the Liaison 
     pursuant to such section.''.

     SEC. 702. WAGE GARNISHMENT.

       The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (15 U.S.C. 1692 et 
     seq.) is amended by inserting after section 812 (15 U.S.C. 
     1692j) the following:

     ``SEC. 812A. LIMITS ON SEIZURES OF INCOME FOR DEBT RELATING 
                   TO EDUCATION LOANS.

       ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
       ``(1) the term `adjusted gross income' has the meaning 
     given the term in section 62 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
     1986; and
       ``(2) the term `poverty line' means the poverty line (as 
     defined by the Office of Management and Budget and revised 
     annually in accordance with section 673(2) of the Community 
     Services Block Grant Act (42 U.S.C. 9902(2)) applicable to a 
     family of the size involved.
       ``(b) Limitation on Collection.--
       ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     law, a debt collector that is engaged in the collection of 
     debts relating to education loans may not take any action to 
     cause, or seek to cause, the collection of such a debt that 
     is taken from the wages, Federal benefits, or other amounts 
     due to a consumer through garnishment, deduction, offset, or 
     seizure in an amount that is more than the amount described 
     in paragraph (2).
       ``(2) Calculation.--The amount described in this paragraph 
     is the quotient obtained by dividing--
       ``(A) 10 percent of the amount by which the adjusted gross 
     income of the consumer exceeds 185 percent of the poverty 
     line; by
       ``(B) 12.
       ``(3) Presumption.--For purposes of this section, if a debt 
     collector described in paragraph (1) is unable to determine 
     the family size of a consumer, that person shall presume that 
     the family size of the consumer is 3 individuals.
       ``(c) Communications.--Any communication by a debt 
     collector described in subsection (b)(1) that is for the 
     purpose of seizing income of a consumer for debt that relates 
     an education loan shall be considered--
       ``(1) an attempt to collect a debt; and
       ``(2) conduct in connection with the collection of a debt 
     for the purposes of this title.''.

     SEC. 703. IMPROVED CONSUMER PROTECTIONS FOR PRIVATE EDUCATION 
                   LOANS.

       Section 128(e) of the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 
     1638(e)), as amended by this Act, is further amended--
       (1) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(17) Discharge of private education loans in the event of 
     death or disability of the borrower.--Each private education 
     loan shall include terms that provide that the liability to 
     repay the loan shall be cancelled--
       ``(A) upon the death of the borrower;
       ``(B) if the borrower becomes permanently and totally 
     disabled, as determined under paragraph (1) or (3) of section 
     437(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1087(a)) and the regulations promulgated by the Secretary of 
     Education under that section; and
       ``(C) if the Secretary of Veterans Affairs or the Secretary 
     of Defense determines that the borrower is unemployable due 
     to a service-connected condition or disability, in accordance 
     with the requirements of section 437(a)(2) of that Act and 
     the regulations promulgated by the Secretary of Education 
     under that section; and
       ``(18) Terms for co-borrowers.--Each private education loan 
     shall include terms that clearly define the requirements to 
     release a co-borrower from the obligation.
       ``(19) Prohibition of acceleration of payments on private 
     education loans.--
       ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), 
     a private education loan executed after the date of enactment 
     of this paragraph may not include a provision that permits 
     the loan holder or student loan servicer to accelerate, in 
     whole or in part, payments on the private education loan.
       ``(B) Acceleration caused by a payment default.--A private 
     education loan may include a provision that permits 
     acceleration of the loan in cases of payment default.
       ``(20) Prohibition on denial of credit due to eligibility 
     for protection under servicemembers civil relief act.--A 
     private educational lender may not deny or refuse credit to 
     an individual who is entitled to any right or protection 
     provided under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (50 U.S.C. 
     App. 501 et seq.) or subject, solely by reason of such 
     entitlement, such individual to any other action described in 
     paragraphs (1) through (6) of section 108 of such Act.'';
       (2) in paragraph (1)--
       (A) by striking subparagraph (D) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(D) requirements for a co-borrower, including--
       ``(i) any changes in the applicable interest rates without 
     a co-borrower; and
       ``(ii) any conditions the borrower is required meet in 
     order to release a co-borrower from the private education 
     loan obligation;'';
       (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (O), (P), (Q), and (R) 
     as subparagraphs (P), (Q), (R), and (S), respectively; and
       (C) by inserting after subparagraph (N) the following:
       ``(O) in the case of a refinancing of education loans that 
     include a Federal student loan made, insured, or guaranteed 
     under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1070 et seq.)--

[[Page S1599]]

       ``(i) a list containing each loan to be refinanced, which 
     shall identify whether the loan is a private education loan 
     or a Federal student loan made, insured, or guaranteed under 
     title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 
     et seq.); and
       ``(ii) benefits that the borrower may be forfeiting, 
     including income-driven repayment options, opportunities for 
     loan forgiveness, forbearance or deferment options, interest 
     subsidies, and tax benefits;''; and
       (3) in paragraph (2)--
       (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (O) and (P) as 
     subparagraphs (P) and (Q), respectively; and
       (B) by inserting after subparagraph (N) the following:
       ``(O) in the case of a refinancing of education loans that 
     include a Federal student loan made, insured, or guaranteed 
     under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1070 et seq.)--
       ``(i) a list containing each loan to be refinanced, which 
     shall identify whether the loan is a private education loan 
     or a Federal student loan made, insured, or guaranteed under 
     title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 
     et seq.); and
       ``(ii) benefits that the borrower may be forfeiting, 
     including income-driven repayment options, opportunities for 
     loan forgiveness, forbearance or deferment options, interest 
     subsidies, and tax benefits;''.

     SEC. 704. KNOW BEFORE YOU OWE.

       (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Know 
     Before You Owe Private Education Loan Act''.
       (b) Amendments to the Truth in Lending Act.--
       (1) In general.--Section 128(e) of the Truth in Lending Act 
     (15 U.S.C. 1638(e)), as amended by this Act, is further 
     amended--
       (A) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following:
       ``(3) Institutional certification required.--
       ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), 
     before a creditor may issue any funds with respect to an 
     extension of credit described in this subsection, the 
     creditor shall obtain from the relevant institution of higher 
     education where such loan is to be used for a student, such 
     institution's certification of--
       ``(i) the enrollment status of the student;
       ``(ii) the student's cost of attendance at the institution 
     as determined by the institution under part F of title IV of 
     the Higher Education Act of 1965; and
       ``(iii) the difference between--

       ``(I) such cost of attendance; and
       ``(II) the student's estimated financial assistance, 
     including such assistance received under title IV of the 
     Higher Education Act of 1965 and other financial assistance 
     known to the institution, as applicable.

       ``(B) Exception.--Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), a 
     creditor may issue funds, not to exceed the amount described 
     in subparagraph (A)(iii), with respect to an extension of 
     credit described in this subsection without obtaining from 
     the relevant institution of higher education such 
     institution's certification if such institution fails to 
     provide within 15 business days of the creditor's request for 
     such certification--
       ``(i) notification of the institution's refusal to certify 
     the request; or
       ``(ii) notification that the institution has received the 
     request for certification and will need additional time to 
     comply with the certification request.
       ``(C) Loans disbursed without certification.--If a creditor 
     issues funds without obtaining a certification, as described 
     in subparagraph (B), such creditor shall report the issuance 
     of such funds in a manner determined by the Director of the 
     Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection.''; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(21) Provision of information.--
       ``(A) Provision of information to students.--
       ``(i) Loan statement.--A creditor that issues any funds 
     with respect to an extension of credit described in this 
     subsection shall send loan statements, where such loan is to 
     be used for a student, to borrowers of such funds not less 
     than once every 3 months during the time that such student is 
     enrolled at an institution of higher education.
       ``(ii) Contents of loan statement.--Each statement 
     described in clause (i) shall--

       ``(I) report the borrower's total remaining debt to the 
     creditor, including accrued but unpaid interest and 
     capitalized interest;
       ``(II) report any debt increases since the last statement; 
     and
       ``(III) list the current interest rate for each loan.

       ``(B) Notification of loans disbursed without 
     certification.--On or before the date a creditor issues any 
     funds with respect to an extension of credit described in 
     this subsection, the creditor shall notify the relevant 
     institution of higher education, in writing, of the amount of 
     the extension of credit and the student on whose behalf 
     credit is extended. The form of such written notification 
     shall be subject to the regulations of the Bureau.
       ``(C) Annual report.--A creditor that issues funds with 
     respect to an extension of credit described in this 
     subsection shall prepare and submit an annual report to the 
     Bureau containing the required information about private 
     student loans to be determined by the Bureau, in consultation 
     with the Secretary of Education.''.
       (2) Definition of private education loan.--Section 
     140(a)(7)(A) of the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 
     1650(a)(7)(A)) is amended--
       (A) by redesignating clause (ii) as clause (iii);
       (B) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; 
     and
       (C) by adding after clause (i) the following:
       ``(ii) is not made, insured, or guaranteed under title VII 
     or title VIII of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 292 
     et seq. and 296 et seq.); and''.
       (3) Regulations.--Not later than 365 days after the date of 
     enactment of this section, the Bureau of Consumer Financial 
     Protection shall issue regulations in final form to implement 
     paragraphs (3) and (21) of section 128(e) of the Truth in 
     Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1638(e)), as amended by paragraph (1). 
     Such regulations shall become effective not later than 6 
     months after their date of issuance.
       (c) Amendments to the Higher Education Act of 1965.--
       (1) Program participation agreements.--Section 487(a) of 
     the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094(a)) is 
     amended by striking paragraph (28) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(28)(A) Upon the request of a private educational lender, 
     acting in connection with an application initiated by a 
     borrower for a private education loan in accordance with 
     section 128(e)(3) of the Truth in Lending Act, the 
     institution shall, not later than 15 days after the date of 
     receipt of the request--
       ``(i) provide such certification to such private 
     educational lender--
       ``(I) that the student who initiated the application for 
     the private education loan, or on whose behalf the 
     application was initiated, is enrolled or is scheduled to 
     enroll at the institution;
       ``(II) of such student's cost of attendance at the 
     institution as determined under part F of this title; and
       ``(III) of the difference between--

       ``(aa) the cost of attendance at the institution; and
       ``(bb) the student's estimated financial assistance 
     received under this title and other assistance known to the 
     institution, as applicable;

       ``(ii) notify the creditor that the institution has 
     received the request for certification and will need 
     additional time to comply with the certification request; or
       ``(iii) provide notice to the private educational lender of 
     the institution's refusal to certify the private education 
     loan under subparagraph (D).
       ``(B) With respect to a certification request described in 
     subparagraph (A), and prior to providing such certification 
     under subparagraph (A)(i) or providing notice of the refusal 
     to provide certification under subparagraph (A)(iii), the 
     institution shall--
       ``(i) determine whether the student who initiated the 
     application for the private education loan, or on whose 
     behalf the application was initiated, has applied for and 
     exhausted the Federal financial assistance available to such 
     student under this title and inform the student accordingly; 
     and
       ``(ii) provide the borrower whose loan application has 
     prompted the certification request by a private education 
     lender, as described in subparagraph (A)(i), with the 
     following information and disclosures:
       ``(I) The availability of, and the borrower's potential 
     eligibility for, Federal financial assistance under this 
     title, including disclosing the terms, conditions, interest 
     rates, and repayment options and programs of Federal student 
     loans.
       ``(II) The borrower's ability to select a private 
     educational lender of the borrower's choice.
       ``(III) The impact of a proposed private education loan on 
     the borrower's potential eligibility for other financial 
     assistance, including Federal financial assistance under this 
     title.
       ``(IV) The borrower's right to accept or reject a private 
     education loan within the 30-day period following a private 
     educational lender's approval of a borrower's application and 
     about a borrower's 3-day right to cancel period.
       ``(C) For purposes of this paragraph, the terms `private 
     educational lender' and `private education loan' have the 
     meanings given such terms in section 140 of the Truth in 
     Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650).
       ``(D)(i) An institution shall not provide a certification 
     with respect to a private education loan under this paragraph 
     unless the private education loan includes terms that 
     provide--
       ``(I) the borrower alternative repayment plans, including 
     loan consolidation or refinancing; and
       ``(II) that the liability to repay the loan shall be 
     cancelled upon the death or disability of the borrower or co-
     borrower.
       ``(ii) In this paragraph, the term `disability' means a 
     permanent and total disability, as determined in accordance 
     with the regulations of the Secretary of Education, or a 
     determination by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs that the 
     borrower is unemployable due to a service connected-
     disability.''.
       (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
     shall take effect on the effective date of the regulations 
     described in subsection (b)(3).
       (3) Preferred lender arrangement.--Section 151(8)(A)(ii) of 
     the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1019(8)(A)(ii)) 
     is amended by inserting ``certifying,'' after ``promoting,''.
       (d) Report.--Not later than 24 months after the issuance of 
     regulations under subsection (b)(3), the Director of the 
     Bureau of

[[Page S1600]]

     Consumer Financial Protection and the Secretary of Education 
     shall jointly submit to Congress a report on the compliance 
     of institutions of higher education and private educational 
     lenders with section 128(e)(3) of the Truth in Lending Act 
     (15 U.S.C. 1638(e)), as amended by subsection (b), and 
     section 487(a)(28) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
     U.S.C. 1094(a)), as amended by subsection (c). Such report 
     shall include information about the degree to which specific 
     institutions utilize certifications in effectively 
     encouraging the exhaustion of Federal student loan 
     eligibility and lowering student private education loan debt.

     SEC. 705. BANKRUPTCY PROTECTIONS.

       (a) Exceptions to Discharge.--Section 523(a)(8) of title 
     11, United States Code, is amended by striking ``dependents, 
     for'' and all that follows through the end of subparagraph 
     (B) and inserting ``dependents, for an educational benefit 
     overpayment or loan made, insured, or guaranteed by a 
     governmental unit or made under any program funded in whole 
     or in part by a governmental unit or an obligation to repay 
     funds received from a governmental unit as an educational 
     benefit, scholarship, or stipend;''.
       (b) Undue Hardship.--Section 523 of title 11, United States 
     Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(f) Undue Hardship.--
       ``(1) In general.--For the purpose of subsection (a)(8), 
     there shall be a rebuttable presumption that excepting such 
     debt from discharge under this section would impose an undue 
     hardship on the debtor or the debtor's dependents if the 
     debtor demonstrates that, on the date of filing of the 
     petition, the debtor--
       ``(A) is receiving benefits under title II or XVI of the 
     Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 401 et seq., 1381 et seq.) on 
     the basis of disability;
       ``(B) has been determined by the Secretary of Veterans 
     Affairs to be unemployable due to a service-connected 
     disability;
       ``(C) is a family caregiver of an eligible veteran pursuant 
     to section 1720G of title 38;
       ``(D) is a member of a household that has a gross income 
     that is less than 200 percent of the poverty line, and 
     provides for the care and support of an elderly, disabled, or 
     chronically ill member of the household of the debtor or 
     member of the immediate family of the debtor;
       ``(E) is a member of a household that has a gross income 
     that is less than 200 percent of the poverty line, and the 
     income of the debtor is solely derived from benefit payments 
     under section 202 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 402); 
     or
       ``(F) during the 5-year period preceding the filing of the 
     petition (exclusive of any applicable suspension of the 
     repayment period), was not enrolled in an education program 
     and had a gross income that was less than 200 percent of the 
     poverty line during each year during that period.
       ``(2) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `poverty 
     line' means the poverty line (as defined by the Office of 
     Management and Budget and revised annually in accordance with 
     section 673(2) of the Community Services Block Grant Act (42 
     U.S.C. 9902(2)) applicable to a household of the size 
     involved.''.

     SEC. 706. EDUCATION LOAN OMBUDSMAN.

       Section 1035 of the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 
     2010 (12 U.S.C. 5535) is amended--
       (1) in the section heading, by striking ``private'';
       (2) in subsection (a)--
       (A) by striking ``a Private'' and inserting ``an''; and
       (B) by striking ``private'';
       (3) in subsection (b), by striking ``private education 
     student loan'' and inserting ``education loan'';
       (4) in subsection (c)--
       (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
     ``subsection'' and inserting ``section'';
       (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``private'';
       (C) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
       ``(2) coordinate with the unit of the Bureau established 
     under section 1013(b)(3), in order to monitor complaints by 
     education loan borrowers and responses to those complaints by 
     the Bureau or other appropriate Federal or State agency;''; 
     and
       (D) in paragraph (3), by striking ``private'';
       (5) in subsection (d)--
       (A) in paragraph (2)--
       (i) by striking ``on the same day annually''; and
       (ii) by inserting ``and be made available to the public'' 
     after ``Representatives''; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(3) Contents.--The report required under paragraph (1) 
     shall include information on the number, nature, and 
     resolution of complaints received, disaggregated by lender, 
     servicer, region, State, and institution of higher 
     education.''; and
       (6) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following:
       ``(e) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Education loan.--The term `education loan' means--
       ``(A) a private education loan, as defined in section 140 
     of the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C.1650); and
       ``(B) a student loan made, insured, or guaranteed under 
     title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 
     et seq.).
       ``(2) Institution of higher education.--The term 
     `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 140 of the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 
     1650).''.

     SEC. 707. SERVICEMEMBERS AND STUDENT LOANS.

       (a) In General.--Title II of the Servicemembers Civil 
     Relief Act (50 U.S.C. 3931 et seq.) is amended by adding at 
     the end the following new sections:

     ``SEC. 209. CONTINUAL MONITORING BY PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL 
                   LENDERS OF STATUS OF SERVICEMEMBERS.

       ``(a) In General.--Each private educational lender shall 
     continuously monitor the Defense Manpower Data Center, or any 
     successor database, for the purpose of continuously 
     monitoring the duty status of any borrower of a private 
     education loan who is a servicemember and complying with the 
     requirements of this Act.
       ``(b) Policies and Procedures.--Monitoring conducted under 
     subsection (a) shall be conducted in accordance with such 
     policies and procedures as the Secretary of Defense may 
     prescribe for purposes of this section.
       ``(c) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Private educational lender.--The term `private 
     educational lender' has the meaning given such term in 
     section 140 of the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650).
       ``(2) Private education loan.--The term `private education 
     loan' has the meaning given such term in such section.

     ``SEC. 210. FORGIVENESS OF STUDENT DEBT.

       ``(a) Forgiveness of Student Debt of Servicemembers Who Die 
     in Line of Duty While Serving on Active Duty.--Upon the death 
     of a servicemember who dies in line of duty while serving on 
     active duty as a member of the Armed Forces, each student 
     loan of the servicemember is forgiven.
       ``(b) Forgiveness of Federal Student Debt Upon Service-
     connected Death.--Upon the service-connected death of a 
     servicemember, the balance of each student loan of the 
     servicemember guaranteed or issued by the Federal Government 
     is forgiven.
       ``(c) Service-connected Defined.--In this section, the term 
     `service-connected' has the meaning given such term in 
     section 101 of title 38, United States Code.''.
       (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act 
     is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 
     208 the following new items:

``Sec. 209. Continual monitoring by private educational lenders of 
              status of servicemembers.
``Sec. 210. Forgiveness of student debt.''.
                                 ______