[Congressional Record Volume 164, Number 41 (Thursday, March 8, 2018)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1590-S1592]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 2170. Mr. MERKLEY (for himself, Mr. Durbin, and Mrs. Murray) 
submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. 
2155, to promote economic growth, provide tailored regulatory relief, 
and enhance consumer protections, and for other purposes; which was 
ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

       At the end of title III, add the following:

     SEC. 308. EXTENSION OF CONSUMER CREDIT.

       (a) Consumer Control Over Bank Accounts.--
       (1) Prohibiting unauthorized remotely created checks.--
     Section 905 of the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (15 U.S.C. 
     1693c) is amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(d) Limitations on Remotely Created Checks.--
       ``(1) Definition.--In this subsection--
       ``(A) the term `remotely created check' means a check, 
     including a paper or electronic check and any other payment 
     order

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     that the Bureau, by rule, determines is appropriately covered 
     under this subsection, that--
       ``(i) is not created by the financial institution that 
     holds the customer account from which the check is to be 
     paid; and
       ``(ii) does not bear a signature applied, or purported to 
     be applied, by the person from whose account the check is to 
     be paid; and
       ``(B) the term `Federal consumer financial law' has the 
     meaning given the term in section 1002 of the Consumer 
     Financial Protection Act of 2010 (12 U.S.C. 5481).
       ``(2) Limitations.--Subject to the limitations in paragraph 
     (3) and any additional limitations that the Bureau may 
     establish, by rule, a remotely created check may only be 
     issued by a person designated in writing by a consumer, with 
     that written designation specifically provided by the 
     consumer to the insured depository institution at which the 
     consumer maintains the account from which the check is to be 
     drawn.
       ``(3) Additional limitations.--
       ``(A) In general.--A designation provided by a consumer 
     under paragraph (2) may be revoked at any time by the 
     consumer.
       ``(B) Consumer financial protection laws.--No payment 
     order, including a remotely created check, may be issued by 
     any person in response to the exercise of, or attempt to 
     exercise, any right by a consumer under--
       ``(i) any Federal consumer financial law; or
       ``(ii) any other provision of any law or regulation within 
     the jurisdiction of the Bureau.''.
       (2) Consumer protections for certain one-time electronic 
     fund transfers.--Section 913 of the Electronic Fund Transfer 
     Act (15 U.S.C. 1693k) is amended--
       (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting 
     ``(a) In General.--'' before ``No person'';
       (B) in subsection (a)(1), as so designated, by striking 
     ``preauthorized electronic fund transfers'' and inserting 
     ``an electronic fund transfer''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(b) Treatment for Electronic Fund Transfers in Credit 
     Extensions.--If a consumer voluntarily agrees to repay an 
     extension of a small-dollar consumer credit transaction, as 
     defined in section 110(a) of the Truth in Lending Act, by 
     means of an electronic fund transfer, the electronic fund 
     transfer shall be treated as a preauthorized electronic fund 
     transfer subject to the protections of this title.''.
       (b) Transparency and Consumer Empowerment in Small-dollar 
     Lending.--
       (1) Small-dollar consumer credit transactions.--
       (A) In general.--The Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1601 
     et seq.) is amended--
       (i) by inserting after section 109 (15 U.S.C. 1608) the 
     following:

     ``SEC. 110. REGISTRATION REQUIREMENT FOR SMALL-DOLLAR 
                   LENDERS.

       ``(a) Definition.--In this section, the term `small-dollar 
     consumer credit transaction'--
       ``(1) means any transaction that extends credit that is--
       ``(A) made to a consumer in an amount that--
       ``(i) is not more than--

       ``(I) $5,000; or
       ``(II) such greater amount as the Bureau may, by rule, 
     determine; and

       ``(ii) shall be adjusted annually to reflect changes in the 
     Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers published by the 
     Department of Labor; and
       ``(B) extended pursuant to an agreement that is--
       ``(i)(I) other than an open end credit plan; and
       ``(II) payable in 1 or more installments of less than 12 
     months (or such longer period as the Bureau may, by rule, 
     determine);
       ``(ii) an open end credit plan in which each advance is 
     fully repayable within a defined time or in connection with a 
     defined event, or both; or
       ``(iii) any other plan as the Bureau determines, by rule; 
     and
       ``(2) includes any action that facilitates, brokers, 
     arranges, or gathers applications for a transaction described 
     in paragraph (1).
       ``(b) Registration Requirement.--A person shall register 
     with the Bureau before issuing credit in a small-dollar 
     consumer credit transaction.''; and
       (ii) in section 173 (15 U.S.C. 1666j), by adding at the end 
     the following:
       ``(d) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, 
     any small-dollar consumer credit transaction, as defined in 
     section 110(a), shall comply with the laws of the State in 
     which the consumer to which credit in the transaction is 
     extended resides with respect to annual percentage rates, 
     interest, fees, charges, and such other similar or related 
     matters as the Bureau may, by rule, determine if the small-
     dollar consumer credit transaction is--
       ``(1) made over--
       ``(A) the Internet;
       ``(B) telephone;
       ``(C) facsimile;
       ``(D) mail;
       ``(E) electronic mail; or
       ``(F) other electronic communication; or
       ``(2) conducted by a national bank.''.
       (B) Technical and conforming amendment.--The table of 
     sections for chapter 1 of the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 
     1601 et seq.) is amended by inserting after the item relating 
     to section 109 the following:

``110. Registration requirement for small-dollar lenders.''.

       (2) Prohibition on certain fees.--Section 915 of the 
     Electronic Fund Transfer Act (15 U.S.C. 1693l-1) is amended--
       (A) in subsection (b)(2)(D), by striking ``subsection (d)'' 
     and inserting ``subsection (e)'';
       (B) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e); and
       (C) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
       ``(d) Additional Fees Prohibited.--
       ``(1) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `prepaid 
     account' has the meaning given the term by rule of the 
     Bureau.
       ``(2) Prohibition.--With respect to the use of a prepaid 
     account by a consumer--
       ``(A) it shall be unlawful for any person to charge the 
     consumer a fee for an overdraft with respect to the prepaid 
     account, including a shortage of funds or a transaction 
     processed for an amount exceeding the account balance of the 
     prepaid account;
       ``(B) any transaction for an amount that exceeds the 
     account balance of the prepaid account may be declined, 
     except that the consumer may not be charged a fee for that 
     purpose; and
       ``(C) the Bureau may, by rule, prohibit the charging of any 
     fee so that the Bureau may--
       ``(i) prevent unfair, deceptive, or abusive practices; and
       ``(ii) promote the ability of the consumer to understand 
     and compare the costs of prepaid accounts.''.
       (c) Restrictions on Lead Generation in Small-dollar 
     Consumer Credit Transactions.--
       (1) In general.--Chapter 2 of the Truth in Lending Act (15 
     U.S.C. 1631 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:

     ``SEC. 140B. RESTRICTIONS ON LEAD GENERATION IN SMALL-DOLLAR 
                   CONSUMER CREDIT TRANSACTIONS.

       ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
       ``(1) the terms `Internet access service' and `Internet 
     information location tool' have the meanings given those 
     terms in section 231(e) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 
     U.S.C. 231(e));
       ``(2) the term `sensitive personal financial information' 
     means a Social Security number, financial account number, 
     bank routing number, bank account number, or security or 
     access code that is immediately necessary to permit access to 
     the financial account of an individual; and
       ``(3) the term `small-dollar consumer credit transaction' 
     has the meaning given the term in section 110(a).
       ``(b) Identification Information.--Any person facilitating, 
     brokering, arranging for, or gathering applications for the 
     distribution of sensitive personal financial information in 
     connection with a small-dollar consumer credit transaction 
     shall prominently disclose information by which the person 
     may be contacted or identified, including for service of 
     process and for identification of the registrant of any 
     domain name registered or used.
       ``(c) Prohibition on Lead Generation in Small-dollar 
     Consumer Credit Transactions.--No person may facilitate, 
     broker, arrange for, or gather applications for the 
     distribution of sensitive personal financial information in 
     connection with a small-dollar consumer credit transaction 
     unless the person is directly providing the small-dollar 
     consumer credit to a consumer.
       ``(d) Rule of Construction.--
       ``(1) In general.--Nothing in this section may be construed 
     to limit the authority of the Bureau to further restrict 
     activities covered by this section.
       ``(2) Clarification.--For the purposes of this section, it 
     shall not be considered facilitating the distribution of 
     sensitive personal financial information in connection with a 
     small-dollar consumer credit transaction to be engaged solely 
     in 1 of the following activities:
       ``(A) The provision of a telecommunications service, an 
     Internet access service, or an Internet information location 
     tool.
       ``(B) The transmission, storage, retrieval, hosting, 
     formatting, or translation (or any combination thereof) of a 
     communication, without selection or alteration of the content 
     of the communication, except the deletion of a particular 
     communication or material made by another person in a manner 
     that is consistent with section 230(c) of the Communications 
     Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 230(c)).''.
       (2) Technical and conforming amendment.--The table of 
     sections for chapter 2 of the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 
     1631 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``140B. Restrictions on lead generation in small-dollar consumer credit 
              transactions.''.

       (d) Studies.--
       (1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
       (A) the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
       (i) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of 
     the Senate;
       (ii) the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate;
       (iii) the Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
     Representatives; and
       (iv) the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of 
     Representatives; and
       (B) the term ``Indian tribe'' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
     Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
       (2) Study required.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
     of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
     United States shall conduct a study regarding--

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       (A) the availability of capital on reservations of Indian 
     tribes; and
       (B) the impact that small-dollar consumer credit extended 
     through Internet and non-Internet means to members of Indian 
     tribes has had on economic opportunity and wealth for members 
     of Indian tribes.
       (3) Consultation.--In conducting the study required under 
     paragraph (2), the Comptroller General of the United States 
     shall consult, as appropriate, with--
       (A) the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection;
       (B) the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;
       (C) the Director of the Bureau of Indian Affairs;
       (D) federally recognized Indian tribes; and
       (E) community development financial institutions operating 
     in Indian lands.
       (4) Congressional consideration.--The Comptroller General 
     of the United States shall submit to the appropriate 
     committees of Congress the study required under paragraph 
     (2).
       (e) Rule Making.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Bureau of Consumer Financial 
     Protection shall adopt any final rules necessary to implement 
     the provisions of this section and the amendments made by 
     this section.
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