[Congressional Record Volume 164, Number 29 (Wednesday, February 14, 2018)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1076-S1084]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 1967. Mr. GARDNER (for himself and Mr. Bennet) submitted an 
amendment intended to be proposed by him to the bill H.R. 2579, to 
amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow the premium tax credit 
with respect to unsubsidized COBRA continuation coverage; which was 
ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

       At the appropriate place, insert the following:

                        TITLE I--BORDER SECURITY

   Subtitle A--Appropriations for U.S. Customs and Border Protection

     SEC. 101. BORDER SECURITY.

       (a) Appropriations for U.S. Customs and Border 
     Protection.--There is appropriated to the Department of 
     Homeland Security, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, 
     $25,000,000,000 for the fiscal years 2018 through 2027 for 
     the construction of physical barriers; border security 
     technologies, facilities, and equipment; the purchase, 
     maintenance, or operation of marine vessels, aircraft, and 
     unmanned aerial systems; the hiring of additional U.S. 
     Customs and Border Protection Officers; port of entry 
     improvement; and border access roads along the Southern land 
     border, of which--
       (1) $2,500,000,000 shall be available for fiscal year 2018, 
     and shall remain available until September 30, 2022, and of 
     the amount available under this paragraph--
       (A) $784,000,000 shall be available for 32 miles of border 
     bollard fencing in the Rio Grande Valley Sector, Texas;
       (B) $498,000,000 shall be available for 28 miles of a 
     bollard levee in the Rio Grande Valley Sector, Texas;
       (C) $251,000,000 shall be available for 14 miles of 
     secondary fencing in the San Diego Sector, California; and
       (D) $38,239,000 shall be available for planning activities 
     related to physical barrier construction along the Southwest 
     border;
       (2) $2,500,000,000 shall not be available for obligation or 
     commitment until October 1, 2018, to remain available until 
     September 30, 2023, and of the amount available under this 
     paragraph $1,600,000,000 shall be available for the 
     construction of physical barriers;
       (3) $2,500,000,000 shall not be available for obligation or 
     commitment until October 1, 2019, to remain available until 
     September 30, 2024, and of the amount available under this 
     paragraph $1,842,000,000 shall be available for the 
     construction of physical barriers;
       (4) $2,500,000,000 shall not be available for obligation or 
     commitment until October 1, 2020, to remain available until 
     September 30, 2025, and of the amount available under this 
     paragraph $2,019,000,000 shall be available for the 
     construction of physical barriers;
       (5) $2,500,000,000 shall not be available for obligation or 
     commitment until October 1, 2021, to remain available until 
     September 30, 2026, and of the amount available under this 
     paragraph $1,237,000,000 shall be available for the 
     construction of physical barriers;
       (6) $2,500,000,000 shall not be available for obligation or 
     commitment until October 1, 2022, to remain available until 
     September 30, 2027, and of the amount available under this 
     paragraph $1,745,000,000 shall be available for the 
     construction of physical barriers;
       (7) $2,500,000,000 shall not be available for obligation or 
     commitment until October 1, 2023, to remain available until 
     September 30, 2028, and of the amount available under this 
     paragraph $1,746,000,000 shall be available for the 
     construction of physical barriers;
       (8) $2,500,000,000 shall not be available for obligation or 
     commitment until October 1,

[[Page S1077]]

     2024, to remain available until September 30, 2029, and of 
     the amount available under this paragraph $1,776,000,000 
     shall be available for the construction of physical barriers;
       (9) $2,500,000,000 shall not be available for obligation or 
     commitment until October 1, 2025, to remain available until 
     September 30, 2030, and of the amount available under this 
     paragraph $1,746,000,000 shall be available for the 
     construction of physical barriers; and
       (10) $2,500,000,000 shall not be available for obligation 
     or commitment until October 1, 2026, to remain available 
     until September 30, 2031, and of the amount available under 
     this paragraph $1,717,000,000 shall be available for the 
     construction of physical barriers.
       (b) Limitation.--Amounts appropriated under subsection (a) 
     for fiscal years 2018 and 2019, the construction of physical 
     barriers shall only be available for operationally effective 
     designs deployed as of the date of the enactment of the 
     Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017 (Public Law 115-31), 
     such as currently deployed steel bollard designs, that 
     prioritize agent safety.
       (c) Annual Reports.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
     of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
     Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit a report, for 
     which a full evaluation has been completed by the Government 
     Accountability Office to determine its strengths and 
     weaknesses, to the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, 
     the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs 
     of the Senate, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
     House of Representatives, that--
       (1) defines goals, objectives, activities, and milestones;
       (2) includes a detailed implementation schedule with 
     estimates for the planned obligation of funds for fiscal year 
     2019 through fiscal year 2023 that are linked to the 
     milestone based delivery of specific--
       (A) capabilities and services;
       (B) mission benefits and outcomes;
       (C) program management capabilities; and
       (D) lifecycle cost estimates;
       (3) describes how specific projects under the plan will 
     enhance border security goals and objectives and address the 
     highest priority border security needs;
       (4) identifies the planned locations, quantities, and types 
     of resources, such as fencing, other physical barriers, or 
     other tactical infrastructure and technology and a 
     comprehensive plan to consult State and local elected 
     officials on the eminent domain and construction process 
     relating to such physical barriers;
       (5) provides, after consultation with the Secretary of the 
     Interior and the Administrator of the Environmental 
     Protection Agency, a comprehensive analysis of the 
     environmental impacts of the construction and placement of 
     such physical barriers along the Southwest border, including 
     barriers in the Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge;
       (6) includes a description of the methodology and analyses 
     used to select specific resources for deployment to 
     particular locations that includes--
       (A) a thorough analysis and comparison of alternatives to a 
     physical barrier to determine the most cost effective 
     security solution, including--
       (i) underground sensors;
       (ii) infrared or other day or night cameras;
       (iii) tethered or mobile aerostats;
       (iv) drones or other airborne assets;
       (v) integrated fixed towers; and
       (vi) the deployment of additional border personnel;
       (B) effects on communities and property owners near areas 
     of infrastructure deployment, including all necessary land 
     acquisitions, the total number of necessary condemnation 
     actions, and the precise number of landowners that will be 
     impacted by the construction of such physical barriers; and
       (C) other factors critical to the decision-making process;
       (7) identifies staffing requirements, including full-time 
     equivalents, contractors, and detailed personnel, by 
     activity;
       (8) identifies performance metrics for assessing and 
     reporting on the contributions of border security 
     capabilities realized from current and future investments;
       (9) reports on the status of the Department of Homeland 
     Security's actions to address open recommendations by the 
     Office of Inspector General and the Government Accountability 
     Office related to border security, including plans, 
     schedules, and associated milestones for fully addressing 
     such recommendations; and
       (10) includes certifications by the Under Secretary for 
     Management, including all documents, memoranda, and a 
     description of the investment review and information 
     technology management oversight and processes supporting such 
     certifications, that--
       (A) the program has been reviewed and approved in 
     accordance with an acquisition review management process that 
     complies with capital planning and investment control and 
     review requirements established by the Office of Management 
     and Budget, including as provided in Circular A-11, part 7; 
     and
       (B) all planned activities comply with Federal acquisition 
     rules, requirements, guidelines, and practices.
       (d) Government Accountability Office Evaluation.--Not later 
     than 180 days after the date on which the Secretary of 
     Homeland Security submits the report described in subsection 
     (c), the Comptroller General of the United States shall 
     complete the evaluation required under such subsection.
       (e) Transfer Authority.--The Committee on Appropriations of 
     the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations of the House 
     of Representatives may provide for the transfer of amounts 
     made available in subsection (a) for each fiscal year to 
     eligible activities under this section.
       (f) Rescission.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     law, any amounts appropriated under subsection (a) that 
     remain available after the completion of the construction 
     projects described in the reports required under subsection 
     (c) shall be rescinded and returned to the general fund of 
     the Treasury.
       (g) Prohibition.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     law, and except for the activities described under subsection 
     (a), none of the amounts appropriated under this section may 
     be reprogrammed or transferred for any other component or 
     activity within the Department of Homeland Security.
       (h) Budget Request.--An expenditure plan for amounts made 
     available pursuant to this section--
       (1) shall be included in each budget for a fiscal year 
     submitted by the President under section 1105 of title 31, 
     United States Code; and
       (2) shall describe planned obligations by program, project, 
     and activity in the receiving account at the same level of 
     detail provided for in the request for other appropriations 
     in that account.
       (i) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
     construed as limiting the availability of funds made 
     available in any other Act for carrying out the purposes 
     described in subsection (a).
       (j) Budgetary Effects.--
       (1) In general.--The budgetary effects of this Act shall 
     not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard maintained pursuant 
     to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010.
       (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
     Act shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained 
     for purposes of section 4106 of H.Con.Res. 71 (115th 
     Congress).

            Subtitle B--Improving Border Safety and Security

     SEC. 111. BORDER ACCESS ROADS.

       (a) Construction.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
     construct roads along the Southern land border of the United 
     States to facilitate safe and swift access for U.S. Customs 
     and Border Protection personnel to access the border for 
     purposes of patrol and apprehension.
       (2) Types of roads.--The roads constructed under paragraph 
     (1) shall include--
       (A) access roads;
       (B) border roads;
       (C) patrol roads; and
       (D) Federal, State, local, and privately-owned roads.
       (b) Maintenance.--The Secretary of Homeland Security, in 
     partnership with local stakeholders, shall maintain roads 
     used for patrol and apprehension.
       (c) Policy Guidance.--The Secretary of Homeland Security 
     shall--
       (1) develop such policies and guidance for documenting 
     agreements with landowners relating to the construction of 
     roads under subsection (a) as the Secretary determines to be 
     necessary;
       (2) share the policies and guidance developed under 
     paragraph (1) with each Border Patrol Sector of U.S. Customs 
     and Border Protection;
       (3) document and communicate the process and criteria for 
     prioritizing funding for operational roads not owned by the 
     Federal Government; and
       (4) assess the feasibility of options for addressing the 
     maintenance of non-Federal public roads, including any data 
     needs relating to such maintenance.

     SEC. 112. FLEXIBILITY IN EMPLOYMENT AUTHORITIES.

       (a) In General.--Chapter 97 of title 5, United States Code, 
     is amended by adding at the end the following:

     ``Sec. 9702. U.S. Customs and Border Protection employment 
       authorities

       ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
       ``(1) the term `CBP employee' means an employee of U.S. 
     Customs and Border Protection;
       ``(2) the term `Commissioner' means the Commissioner of 
     U.S. Customs and Border Protection;
       ``(3) the term `Director' means the Director of the Office 
     of Personnel Management;
       ``(4) the term `rural or remote area' means an area within 
     the United States that is not within an area defined and 
     designated as an urbanized area by the Bureau of the Census 
     during the most recently completed decennial census; and
       ``(5) the term `Secretary' means the Secretary of Homeland 
     Security.
       ``(b) Demonstration of Recruitment and Retention 
     Difficulties in Rural or Remote Areas.--
       ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsections (c) and (d), 
     the Secretary shall determine, for a rural or remote area, 
     whether there is--
       ``(A) a critical hiring need in the area; and
       ``(B) a direct relationship between--
       ``(i) the rural or remote nature of the area; and
       ``(ii) difficulty in the recruitment and retention of CBP 
     employees in the area.
       ``(2) Factors.--To inform the determination of a direct 
     relationship under paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary may 
     consider evidence--

[[Page S1078]]

       ``(A) that the Secretary--
       ``(i) is unable to efficiently and effectively recruit 
     individuals for positions as CBP employees, which may be 
     demonstrated with various types of evidence, including--

       ``(I) evidence that multiple positions have been 
     continuously vacant for significantly longer than the 
     national average period for which similar positions in U.S. 
     Customs and Border Protection are vacant; or
       ``(II) recruitment studies that demonstrate the inability 
     of the Secretary to efficiently and effectively recruit CBP 
     employees for positions in the area; or

       ``(ii) experiences a consistent inability to retain CBP 
     employees that negatively impacts agency operations at a 
     local or regional level; or
       ``(B) of any other inability, directly related to 
     recruitment or retention difficulties, that the Secretary 
     determines sufficient.
       ``(c) Direct Hire Authority; Recruitment and Relocation 
     Bonuses; Retention Bonuses.--
       ``(1) Direct hire authority.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary may appoint, without 
     regard to any provision of sections 3309 through 3319, 
     candidates to positions in the competitive service as CBP 
     employees, in a rural or remote area, if the Secretary--
       ``(i) determines that--

       ``(I) there is a critical hiring need; and
       ``(II) there exists a severe shortage of qualified 
     candidates because of the direct relationship identified by 
     the Secretary under subsection (b)(1)(B) of this section 
     between--

       ``(aa) the rural or remote nature of the area; and
       ``(bb) difficulty in the recruitment and retention of CBP 
     employees in the area; and
       ``(ii) has given public notice for the positions.
       ``(B) Prioritization of hiring veterans.--If the Secretary 
     uses the direct hiring authority under subparagraph (A), the 
     Secretary shall apply the principles of preference for the 
     hiring of veterans established under subchapter I of chapter 
     33.
       ``(2) Recruitment and relocation bonuses.--The Secretary 
     may pay a bonus to an individual (other than an individual 
     described in subsection (a)(2) of section 5753) if--
       ``(A) the Secretary determines that--
       ``(i) conditions consistent with the conditions described 
     in paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (b) of such section 
     5753 are satisfied with respect to the individual (without 
     regard to any other provision of that section); and
       ``(ii) the position to which the individual is appointed or 
     to which the individual moves or must relocate--

       ``(I) is a position as a CBP employee; and
       ``(II) is in a rural or remote area for which the Secretary 
     has identified a direct relationship under subsection 
     (b)(1)(B) of this section between--

       ``(aa) the rural or remote nature of the area; and
       ``(bb) difficulty in the recruitment and retention of CBP 
     employees in the area; and
       ``(B) the individual enters into a written service 
     agreement with the Secretary--
       ``(i) under which the individual is required to complete a 
     period of employment as a CBP employee of not less than 2 
     years; and
       ``(ii) that includes--

       ``(I) the commencement and termination dates of the 
     required service period (or provisions for the determination 
     thereof);
       ``(II) the amount of the bonus; and
       ``(III) other terms and conditions under which the bonus is 
     payable, subject to the requirements of this subsection, 
     including--

       ``(aa) the conditions under which the agreement may be 
     terminated before the agreed-upon service period has been 
     completed; and
       ``(bb) the effect of a termination described in item (aa).
       ``(3) Retention bonuses.--The Secretary may pay a retention 
     bonus to a CBP employee (other than an individual described 
     in subsection (a)(2) of section 5754) if--
       ``(A) the Secretary determines that--
       ``(i) a condition consistent with the condition described 
     in subsection (b)(1) of such section 5754 is satisfied with 
     respect to the CBP employee (without regard to any other 
     provision of that section);
       ``(ii) the CBP employee is employed in a rural or remote 
     area for which the Secretary has identified a direct 
     relationship under subsection (b)(1)(B) of this section 
     between--

       ``(I) the rural or remote nature of the area; and
       ``(II) difficulty in the recruitment and retention of CBP 
     employees in the area; and

       ``(iii) in the absence of a retention bonus, the CBP 
     employee would be likely to leave--

       ``(I) the Federal service; or
       ``(II) for a different position in the Federal service, 
     including a position in another agency or component of the 
     Department of Homeland Security; and

       ``(B) the individual enters into a written service 
     agreement with the Secretary--
       ``(i) under which the individual is required to complete a 
     period of employment as a CBP employee of not less than 2 
     years; and
       ``(ii) that includes--

       ``(I) the commencement and termination dates of the 
     required service period (or provisions for the determination 
     thereof);
       ``(II) the amount of the bonus; and
       ``(III) other terms and conditions under which the bonus is 
     payable, subject to the requirements of this subsection, 
     including--

       ``(aa) the conditions under which the agreement may be 
     terminated before the agreed-upon service period has been 
     completed; and
       ``(bb) the effect of a termination described in item (aa).
       ``(4) Rules for bonuses.--
       ``(A) Maximum bonus.--A bonus paid to an employee under--
       ``(i) paragraph (2) may not exceed 100 percent of the 
     annual rate of basic pay of the employee as of the 
     commencement date of the applicable service period; and
       ``(ii) paragraph (3) may not exceed 50 percent of the 
     annual rate of basic pay of the employee as of the 
     commencement date of the applicable service period.
       ``(B) Relation to basic pay.--A bonus paid to an employee 
     under paragraph (2) or (3) shall not be considered part of 
     the basic pay of the employee for any purpose.
       ``(5) OPM oversight.--The Director shall, to the extent 
     practicable--
       ``(A) set aside a determination of the Secretary under this 
     subsection if the Director finds substantial evidence that 
     the Secretary abused the discretion of the Secretary in 
     making the determination; and
       ``(B) oversee the compliance of the Secretary with this 
     subsection.
       ``(d) Special Pay Authority.--In addition to the 
     circumstances described in subsection (b) of section 5305, 
     the Director may establish special rates of pay in accordance 
     with that section if the Director finds that the recruitment 
     or retention efforts of the Secretary with respect to 
     positions for CBP employees in 1 or more areas or locations 
     are, or are likely to become, significantly handicapped 
     because the positions are located in a rural or remote area 
     for which the Secretary has identified a direct relationship 
     under subsection (b)(1)(B) of this section between--
       ``(1) the rural or remote nature of the area; and
       ``(2) difficulty in the recruitment and retention of CBP 
     employees in the area.
       ``(e) Regular CBP Review.--
       ``(1) Ensuring flexibilities meet cbp needs.--Each year, 
     the Secretary shall review the use of hiring flexibilities 
     under subsections (c) and (d) to fill positions at a location 
     in a rural or remote area to determine--
       ``(A) the impact of the use of those flexibilities on 
     solving hiring and retention challenges at the location;
       ``(B) whether hiring and retention challenges still exist 
     at the location; and
       ``(C) whether the Secretary needs to continue to use those 
     flexibilities at the location.
       ``(2) Consideration.--In conducting the review under 
     paragraph (1), the Secretary shall consider--
       ``(A) whether any CBP employee accepted an employment 
     incentive under subsection (c) or (d) and then transferred to 
     a new location or left U.S. Customs and Border Protection; 
     and
       ``(B) the length of time that each employee identified 
     under subparagraph (A) stayed at the original location before 
     transferring to a new location or leaving U.S. Customs and 
     Border Protection.
       ``(3) Distribution.--The Secretary shall submit to Congress 
     a report on each review required under paragraph (1).
       ``(f) Improving CBP Hiring and Retention.--
       ``(1) Education of cbp hiring officials.--Not later than 
     180 days after the date of the enactment of the this section, 
     and in conjunction with the Chief Human Capital Officer of 
     the Department of Homeland Security, the Secretary shall 
     develop and implement a strategy to improve education 
     regarding hiring and human resources flexibilities (including 
     hiring and human resources flexibilities for locations in 
     rural or remote areas) for all employees, serving in agency 
     headquarters or field offices, who are involved in the 
     recruitment, hiring, assessment, or selection of candidates 
     for locations in a rural or remote area, as well as the 
     retention of current employees.
       ``(2) Elements.--Elements of the strategy under paragraph 
     (1) shall include the following:
       ``(A) Developing or updating training and educational 
     materials on hiring and human resources flexibilities for 
     employees who are involved in the recruitment, hiring, 
     assessment, or selection of candidates, as well as the 
     retention of current employees.
       ``(B) Regular training sessions for personnel who are 
     critical to filling open positions in rural or remote areas.
       ``(C) The development of pilot programs or other programs, 
     as appropriate, to address identified hiring challenges in 
     rural or remote areas.
       ``(D) Developing and enhancing strategic recruiting efforts 
     through relationships with institutions of higher education, 
     as defined in section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
     (20 U.S.C. 1002), veterans transition and employment centers, 
     and job placement program in regions that could assist in 
     filling positions in rural or remote areas.
       ``(E) Examination of existing agency programs on how to 
     most effectively aid spouses and families of individuals who 
     are candidates or new hires in a rural or remote area.
       ``(F) Feedback from individuals who are candidates or new 
     hires at locations in a rural or remote area, including 
     feedback on the quality of life in rural or remote areas for 
     new hires and their families.
       ``(G) Feedback from CBP employees, other than new hires, 
     who are stationed at locations in a rural or remote area, 
     including

[[Page S1079]]

     feedback on the quality of life in rural or remote areas for 
     those CBP employees and their families.
       ``(H) Evaluation of Department of Homeland Security 
     internship programs and the usefulness of those programs in 
     improving hiring by the Secretary in rural or remote areas.
       ``(3) Evaluation.--
       ``(A) In general.--Each year, the Secretary shall --
       ``(i) evaluate the extent to which the strategy developed 
     and implemented under paragraph (1) has improved the hiring 
     and retention ability of the Secretary; and
       ``(ii) make any appropriate updates to the strategy under 
     paragraph (1).
       ``(B) Information.--The evaluation conducted under 
     subparagraph (A) shall include--
       ``(i) any reduction in the time taken by the Secretary to 
     fill mission-critical positions in rural or remote areas;
       ``(ii) a general assessment of the impact of the strategy 
     implemented under paragraph (1) on hiring challenges in rural 
     or remote areas; and
       ``(iii) other information the Secretary determines 
     relevant.
       ``(g) Inspector General Review.--Not later than 2 years 
     after the date of the enactment of the this section, the 
     Inspector General of the Department of Homeland Security 
     shall review the use of hiring flexibilities by the Secretary 
     under subsections (c) and (d) to determine whether the use of 
     those flexibilities is helping the Secretary meet hiring and 
     retention needs in rural and remote areas.
       ``(h) Exercise of Authority.--
       ``(1) Sole discretion.--The exercise of authority under 
     subsection (c) shall be subject to the sole and exclusive 
     discretion of the Secretary (or the Commissioner, as 
     applicable under paragraph (2) of this subsection), 
     notwithstanding chapter 71.
       ``(2) Delegation.--
       ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
     Secretary may delegate any authority under this section to 
     the Commissioner.
       ``(B) Oversight.--The Commissioner may not make a 
     determination under subsection (b)(1) unless the Secretary 
     approves the determination.
       ``(i) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall 
     be construed to exempt the Secretary or the Director from the 
     applicability of the merit system principles under section 
     2301.
       ``(j) Sunset.--The authorities under subsections (c) and 
     (d) shall terminate on the date that is 5 years after the 
     date of the enactment of this section.''.
       (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of 
     sections for chapter 97 of title 5, United States Code, is 
     amended by adding at the end the following:

``9702. U.S. Customs and Border Protection employment authorities.''.

     SEC. 113. DISTRESS BEACONS.

       (1) In general.--The Commissioner of U.S. Customs and 
     Border Protection, working through U.S. Border Patrol, 
     shall--
       (A) identify areas near the international border between 
     the United States and Canada or the international border 
     between the United States and Mexico where migrant deaths are 
     occurring due to climatic and environmental conditions; and
       (B) deploy up to 1,000 beacon stations in the areas 
     identified pursuant to subparagraph (A).
       (2) Features.--Beacon stations deployed pursuant to 
     paragraph (1) should--
       (A) include a self-powering mechanism, such as a solar-
     powered radio button, to signal U.S. Border Patrol personnel 
     or other emergency response personnel that a person at that 
     location is in distress;
       (B) include a self-powering cellular phone relay limited to 
     911 calls to allow persons in distress in the area who are 
     unable to get to the beacon station to signal their location 
     and access emergency personnel; and
       (C) be movable to allow U.S. Border Patrol to relocate them 
     as needed--
       (i) to mitigate migrant deaths;
       (ii) to facilitate access to emergency personnel; and
       (iii) to address any use of the beacons for diversion by 
     criminals.

     SEC. 114. SOUTHERN BORDER REGION EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS 
                   GRANTS.

       (a) In General.--The Secretary of Homeland Security, in 
     consultation with the governors of the States located on the 
     international border between the United States and Mexico, 
     shall establish a 2-year grant program to improve emergency 
     communications in the Southern border region.
       (b) Eligibility for Grants.--An individual is eligible for 
     a grant under this section if the individual demonstrates 
     that he or she--
       (1) regularly resides or works in a State that shares a 
     land border with Mexico; and
       (2) is at greater risk of border violence due to a lack of 
     cellular and LTE network service at the individual's 
     residence or business and the individual's proximity to the 
     Southern border.
       (c) Use of Grants.--Grants awarded under this section may 
     be used to purchase satellite telephone communications 
     systems and services that--
       (1) can provide access to 9-1-1 service; and
       (2) are equipped with receivers for the Global Positioning 
     System.
       (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Secretary of Homeland Security such 
     sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.

     SEC. 115. OFFICE OF PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY.

       Not later than September 30, 2021, the Commissioner of U.S. 
     Customs and Border Protection shall hire, train, and assign 
     sufficient special agents at the Office of Professional 
     Responsibility to maintain an active duty presence of not 
     fewer than 550 full-time equivalent special agents.

                     Subtitle C--Additional Matters

     SEC. 121. ELIMINATE IMMIGRATION COURT BACKLOGS.

       (a) Annual Increases in Immigration Judges.--The Attorney 
     General of the United States shall increase the total number 
     of immigration judges to adjudicate pending cases and 
     efficiently process future cases by at least--
       (1) 55 judges during fiscal year 2018;
       (2) an additional 55 judges during fiscal year 2019; and
       (3) an additional 55 judges during fiscal year 2020.
       (b) Qualifications of Immigration Judges.--The Attorney 
     General shall ensure that all newly hired immigration judges 
     are highly qualified and trained to conduct fair, impartial 
     hearings consistent with due process and that all newly hired 
     immigration judges represent a diverse pool of individuals 
     that includes a balance of individuals with nongovernmental, 
     private bar, or academic experience in addition to government 
     experience.
       (c) Necessary Support Staff for Immigration Judges.--To 
     address the shortage of support staff for immigration judges, 
     the Attorney General shall ensure that each immigration judge 
     has sufficient support staff, adequate technological and 
     security resources, and appropriate courtroom facilities.
       (d) Annual Increases in Board of Immigration Appeals 
     Personnel.--The Attorney General shall increase the number of 
     Board of Immigration Appeals staff attorneys (including 
     necessary additional support staff) to efficiently process 
     cases by at least--
       (1) 23 attorneys during fiscal year 2018;
       (2) an additional 23 attorneys during fiscal year 2019; and
       (3) an additional 23 attorneys during fiscal year 2020.
       (e) GAO Report.--The Comptroller General of the United 
     States shall--
       (1) conduct a study of the hurdles to efficient hiring of 
     immigration court judges within the Department of Justice; 
     and
       (2) propose solutions to Congress for improving the 
     efficiency of the hiring process.
       (f) Immigration Judge Definition.--Section 101(b)(4) of the 
     Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(b)(4)) is 
     amended to read as follows:
       ``(4) The term `immigration judge' means an attorney whom 
     the Attorney General appoints as an administrative judge 
     within the Executive Office for Immigration Review, qualified 
     to conduct specified classes of proceedings, including a 
     hearing under section 240. The position shall be deemed to be 
     judicial in nature and not an attorney position. An 
     Immigration Judge shall not be subject to any code of 
     attorney behavior conduct or actions taken while performing 
     duties as an Immigration Judge. Actions taken by an 
     Immigration Judge shall be reviewed only under rules and 
     standards pertaining to judicial conduct. An Immigration 
     Judge shall not be disciplined for actions or decisions made 
     in good faith while in the course of performing the duties of 
     an Immigration Judge.''.

     SEC. 122. IMPROVED TRAINING FOR IMMIGRATION JUDGES AND 
                   MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF IMMIGRATION APPEALS.

       (a) In General.--To ensure efficient and fair proceedings, 
     the Director of the Executive Office for Immigration Review 
     shall facilitate robust training programs for immigration 
     judges and members of the Board of Immigration Appeals.
       (b) Mandatory Training.--Training facilitated under 
     subsection (a) shall include--
       (1) an expansion of the training program for new 
     immigration judges and Board members;
       (2) continuing education regarding current developments in 
     immigration law through regularly available training 
     resources and an annual conference;
       (3) methods to ensure that immigration judges are trained 
     on properly crafting and dictating decisions and standards of 
     review, including improved on-bench reference materials and 
     decision templates;
       (4) specialized training to handle cases involving other 
     vulnerable populations including survivors of domestic 
     violence, sexual assault, trafficking, and individuals with 
     mental disabilities in partnership with the National Council 
     of Juvenile and Family Court Judges; and
       (5) specialized training in child interviewing, child 
     psychology, and child trauma in partnership with the National 
     Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges for Immigration 
     Judges.

     SEC. 123. NEW TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE COURT EFFICIENCY.

       The Director of the Executive Office for Immigration Review 
     shall modernize its case management and related electronic 
     systems, including allowing for electronic filing, to improve 
     efficiency in the processing of immigration proceedings.

     SEC. 124. PERMANENT REAUTHORIZATION OF E-VERIFY.

       Section 401(b) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and 
     Immigrant Responsibility Act of

[[Page S1080]]

     1996 (division C of Public Law 104-208; 8 U.S.C. 1324a note) 
     is amended by striking ``Unless the Congress otherwise 
     provides, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall terminate 
     a pilot program on September 30, 2015.''.

          TITLE II--EARNED CITIZENSHIP FOR CHILDHOOD ARRIVALS

     SEC. 201. DEFINITIONS.

       In this subtitle:
       (1) In general.--Except as otherwise specifically provided, 
     any term used in this subtitle that is used in the 
     immigration laws shall have the meaning given the term in the 
     immigration laws.
       (2) Applicable federal tax liability.--The term 
     ``applicable Federal tax liability'' means liability for 
     Federal taxes imposed under the Internal Revenue Code of 
     1986, including any penalties and interest on taxes imposed 
     under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
       (3) DACA.--The term ``DACA'' means deferred action granted 
     to an alien pursuant to the Deferred Action for Childhood 
     Arrivals program announced by President Obama on June 15, 
     2012.
       (4) Disability.--The term ``disability'' has the meaning 
     given the term in section 3(1) of the Americans with 
     Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12102(1)).
       (5) Early childhood education program.--The term ``early 
     childhood education program'' has the meaning given the term 
     in section 103 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1003).
       (6) Elementary school; high school; secondary school.--The 
     terms ``elementary school'', ``high school'', and ``secondary 
     school'' have the meanings given the terms in section 8101 of 
     the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     7801).
       (7) Felony.--The term ``felony'' means a Federal, State, or 
     local criminal offense (excluding a State or local offense 
     for which an essential element was the alien's immigration 
     status) punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 
     year.
       (8) Immigration laws.--The term ``immigration laws'' has 
     the meaning given the term in section 101(a)(17) of the 
     Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(17)).
       (9) Institution of higher education.--The term 
     ``institution of higher education''--
       (A) except as provided in subparagraph (B), has the meaning 
     given the term in section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 
     1965 (20 U.S.C. 1002); and
       (B) does not include an institution of higher education 
     outside of the United States.
       (10) Misdemeanor.--
       (A) In general.--The term ``misdemeanor'' means a Federal, 
     State, or local criminal offense (excluding a State or local 
     offense for which an essential element is the alien's 
     immigration status, a significant misdemeanor, and a minor 
     traffic offense) for which--
       (i) the maximum term of imprisonment is greater than 5 days 
     and not greater than 1 year; and
       (ii) the individual was sentenced to time in custody of 90 
     days or less.
       (11) Permanent resident status on a conditional basis.--The 
     term ``permanent resident status on a conditional basis'' 
     means status as an alien lawfully admitted for permanent 
     residence on a conditional basis under this subtitle.
       (12) Poverty line.--The term ``poverty line'' has the 
     meaning given the term in section 673 of the Community 
     Services Block Grant Act (42 U.S.C. 9902).
       (13) Secretary.--Except as otherwise specifically provided, 
     the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Homeland 
     Security.
       (14) Significant misdemeanor.--The term ``significant 
     misdemeanor'' means a Federal, State, or local criminal 
     offense (excluding a State or local offense for which an 
     essential element was the alien's immigration status) for 
     which the maximum term of imprisonment is greater than 5 days 
     and not greater than 1 year that--
       (A) regardless of the sentence imposed, is a crime of 
     domestic violence (as defined in section 237(a)(2)(E)(i) of 
     the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
     1227(a)(2)(E)(i)) or an offense of sexual abuse or 
     exploitation, burglary, unlawful possession or use of a 
     firearm, drug distribution or trafficking, or driving under 
     the influence if the State law requires, as an element of the 
     offense, the operation of a motor vehicle and a finding of 
     impairment or a blood alcohol content of .08 or higher; or
       (B) resulted in a sentence of time in custody of more than 
     90 days, excluding an offense for which the sentence was 
     suspended.
       (15) Uniformed services.--The term ``Uniformed Services'' 
     has the meaning given the term ``uniformed services'' in 
     section 101(a) of title 10, United States Code.

     SEC. 202. PERMANENT RESIDENT STATUS ON A CONDITIONAL BASIS 
                   FOR CERTAIN LONG-TERM RESIDENTS WHO ENTERED THE 
                   UNITED STATES AS CHILDREN.

       (a) Conditional Basis for Status.--Notwithstanding any 
     other provision of law, an alien who obtains the status of an 
     alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence under this 
     section shall be considered to have obtained that status on a 
     conditional basis as of the date on which the alien obtained 
     the status, subject to this subtitle.
       (b) Requirements.--
       (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     law, the Secretary shall cancel the removal of, and adjust to 
     the status of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent 
     residence on a conditional basis, an alien who is 
     inadmissible or deportable from the United States or is in 
     temporary protected status under section 244 of the 
     Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1254a), if--
       (A) the alien has been continuously physically present in 
     the United States since June 15, 2012;
       (B) the alien was younger than 18 years of age on the date 
     on which the alien initially entered the United States;
       (C) subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the alien--
       (i) is not inadmissible under paragraph (2), (3), (6)(E), 
     (6)(G), (8), (10)(A), (10)(C), or (10)(D) of section 212(a) 
     of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a));
       (ii) has not ordered, incited, assisted, or otherwise 
     participated in the persecution of any person on account of 
     race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular 
     social group, or political opinion; and
       (iii) has not been convicted of--

       (I) a felony;
       (II) a significant misdemeanor; or
       (III) 3 or more misdemeanors--

       (aa) not occurring on the same date; and
       (bb) not arising out of the same act, omission, or scheme 
     of misconduct;
       (D) the alien--
       (i) has been admitted to an institution of higher 
     education;
       (ii) has earned a high school diploma or a commensurate 
     alternative award from a public or private high school, or 
     has obtained a general education development certificate 
     recognized under State law or a high school equivalency 
     diploma in the United States;
       (iii) is enrolled in secondary school or in an education 
     program assisting students in--

       (I) obtaining a regular high school diploma or the 
     recognized equivalent of a regular high school diploma under 
     State law; or
       (II) passing a general educational development exam, a high 
     school equivalence diploma examination, or other similar 
     State-authorized exam; or

       (iv)(I) has served, is serving, or has enlisted in the 
     Armed Forces; and
       (II) in the case of an alien who has been discharged from 
     the Armed Forces, has received an honorable discharge; and
       (E)(i) the alien has paid any applicable Federal tax 
     liability incurred by the alien during the entire period for 
     which the alien was a DACA recipient; or
       (ii) the alien has entered into an agreement to pay any 
     applicable Federal tax liability incurred by the alien during 
     the entire period for which the alien was a DACA recipient 
     through a payment installment plan approved by the 
     Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
       (2) Waiver.--
       (A) In general.--With respect to any benefit under this 
     subtitle, the Secretary may, on a case-by-case basis, waive 
     the grounds of inadmissibility under paragraph (2), (6)(E), 
     (6)(G), or (10)(D) of section 212(a) of the Immigration and 
     Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a))--
       (i) for humanitarian purposes; or
       (ii) if the waiver is otherwise in the public interest.
       (B) Quarterly reports.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     date of enactment of this Act, and quarterly thereafter, the 
     Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that includes, 
     for the preceding quarter--
       (i) the number of requests submitted by aliens for a waiver 
     under subparagraph (A);
       (ii) the number of waivers granted under that subparagraph; 
     and
       (iii) the number of requests for a waiver under that 
     subparagraph denied by the Secretary.
       (3) Treatment of expunged convictions.--
       (A) In general.--An expunged conviction shall not 
     automatically be treated as a conviction referred to in 
     paragraph (1)(C)(iii).
       (B) Case-by-case evaluation.--The Secretary shall evaluate 
     an expunged conviction on a case-by-case basis according to 
     the nature and severity of the offense underlying the 
     expunged conviction, based on the record of conviction, to 
     determine whether, under the particular circumstances, the 
     alien is eligible for cancellation of removal, adjustment to 
     permanent resident status on a conditional basis, or other 
     adjustment of status.
       (4) DACA recipients.--With respect to an alien granted 
     DACA, the Secretary shall cancel the removal of the alien and 
     adjust the status of the alien to the status of an alien 
     lawfully admitted for permanent residence on a conditional 
     basis unless, since the date on which the alien was granted 
     DACA, the alien has engaged in conduct that would render an 
     alien ineligible for DACA.
       (5) Application fee.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary may require an alien 
     applying for permanent resident status on a conditional basis 
     to pay a reasonable fee that is commensurate with the cost of 
     processing the application.
       (B) Exemption.--An applicant may be exempted from paying 
     the fee required under subparagraph (A) only if the alien--
       (i)(I) is younger than 18 years of age;
       (II) received total income, during the 1-year period 
     immediately preceding the date on which the alien files an 
     application under this section, that is less than 150 percent 
     of the poverty line; and
       (III) is in foster care or otherwise lacking any parental 
     or other familial support;
       (ii) is younger than 18 years of age and is homeless;
       (iii)(I) cannot care for himself or herself because of a 
     serious, chronic disability; and
       (II) received total income, during the 1-year period 
     immediately preceding the date on which the alien files an 
     application under

[[Page S1081]]

     this section, that is less than 150 percent of the poverty 
     line; or
       (iv)(I) during the 1-year period immediately preceding the 
     date on which the alien files an application under this 
     section, accumulated $10,000 or more in debt as a result of 
     unreimbursed medical expenses incurred by the alien or an 
     immediate family member of the alien; and
       (II) received total income, during the 1-year period 
     immediately preceding the date on which the alien files an 
     application under this section, that is less than 150 percent 
     of the poverty line.
       (6) Submission of biometric and biographic data.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary may not grant an alien 
     permanent resident status on a conditional basis unless the 
     alien submits biometric and biographic data, in accordance 
     with procedures established by the Secretary.
       (B) Alternative procedure.--The Secretary shall provide an 
     alternative procedure for any alien who is unable to provide 
     the biometric or biographic data referred to in subparagraph 
     (A) due to a physical impairment.
       (7) Background checks.--
       (A) Requirement for background checks.--The Secretary shall 
     use biometric, biographic, and other data that the Secretary 
     determines to be appropriate--
       (i) to conduct security and law enforcement background 
     checks of an alien seeking permanent resident status on a 
     conditional basis; and
       (ii) to determine whether there is any criminal, national 
     security, or other factor that would render the alien 
     ineligible for permanent resident status on a conditional 
     basis.
       (B) Completion of background checks.--The security and law 
     enforcement background checks of an alien required under 
     subparagraph (A) shall be completed, to the satisfaction of 
     the Secretary, before the date on which the Secretary grants 
     the alien permanent resident status on a conditional basis.
       (C) Criminal records requests.--With respect to an alien 
     seeking permanent resident status on a conditional basis, the 
     Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary of State, shall 
     seek to obtain from INTERPOL, EUROPOL, or any other 
     international or national law enforcement agency of the 
     country of nationality, country of citizenship, or country of 
     last habitual residence of the alien, information about any 
     criminal activity--
       (i) in which the alien engaged in the country of 
     nationality, country of citizenship, or country of last 
     habitual residence of the alien; or
       (ii) for which the alien was convicted in the country of 
     nationality, country of citizenship, or country of last 
     habitual residence of the alien.
       (8) Medical examination.--
       (A) Requirement.--An alien applying for permanent resident 
     status on a conditional basis shall undergo a medical 
     examination.
       (B) Policies and procedures.--The Secretary, with the 
     concurrence of the Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
     shall prescribe policies and procedures for the nature and 
     timing of the examination under subparagraph (A).
       (9) Military selective service.--An alien applying for 
     permanent resident status on a conditional basis shall 
     establish that the alien has registered under the Military 
     Selective Service Act (50 U.S.C. 3801 et seq.), if the alien 
     is subject to registration under that Act.
       (c) Determination of Continuous Presence.--
       (1) Termination of continuous period.--Any period of 
     continuous physical presence in the United States of an alien 
     who applies for permanent resident status on a conditional 
     basis shall not terminate on the date on which the alien is 
     served a notice to appear under section 239(a) of the 
     Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1229(a)).
       (2) Treatment of certain breaks in presence.--
       (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraphs (B) 
     and (C), an alien shall be considered to have failed to 
     maintain continuous physical presence in the United States 
     under subsection (b)(1)(A) if the alien has departed from the 
     United States for any period greater than 90 days or for any 
     periods, in the aggregate, greater than 180 days.
       (B) Extensions for extenuating circumstances.--The 
     Secretary may extend the time periods described in 
     subparagraph (A) for an alien who demonstrates that the 
     failure to timely return to the United States was due to 
     extenuating circumstances beyond the control of the alien, 
     including the serious illness of the alien, or death or 
     serious illness of a parent, grandparent, sibling, or child 
     of the alien.
       (C) Travel authorized by the secretary.--Any period of 
     travel outside of the United States by an alien that was 
     authorized by the Secretary may not be counted toward any 
     period of departure from the United States under subparagraph 
     (A).
       (d) Limitation on Removal of Certain Aliens.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary or the Attorney General may 
     not remove an alien who appears prima facie eligible for 
     relief under this section.
       (2) Aliens subject to removal.--With respect to an alien 
     who is in removal proceedings, the subject of a final removal 
     order, or the subject of a voluntary departure order, the 
     Attorney General shall provide the alien with a reasonable 
     opportunity to apply for relief under this section.
       (3) Certain aliens enrolled in elementary or secondary 
     school.--
       (A) Stay of removal.--The Attorney General shall stay the 
     removal proceedings of an alien who--
       (i) meets all the requirements under subparagraphs (A), 
     (B), and (C) of subsection (b)(1), subject to paragraphs (2) 
     and (3) of that subsection;
       (ii) is at least 5 years of age; and
       (iii) is enrolled in an elementary school, a secondary 
     school, or an early childhood education program.
       (B) Commencement of removal proceedings.--The Secretary may 
     not commence removal proceedings for an alien described in 
     subparagraph (A).
       (C) Employment.--An alien whose removal is stayed pursuant 
     to subparagraph (A) or who may not be placed in removal 
     proceedings pursuant to subparagraph (B) shall, upon 
     application to the Secretary, be granted an employment 
     authorization document.
       (D) Lift of stay.--The Secretary or Attorney General may 
     not lift the stay granted to an alien under subparagraph (A) 
     unless the alien ceases to meet the requirements under such 
     subparagraph.
       (e) Exemption From Numerical Limitations.--Nothing in this 
     section or in any other law may be construed to apply a 
     numerical limitation on the number of aliens who may be 
     granted permanent resident status on a conditional basis.

     SEC. 203. TERMS OF PERMANENT RESIDENT STATUS ON A CONDITIONAL 
                   BASIS.

       (a) Period of Status.--Permanent resident status on a 
     conditional basis is--
       (1) valid for a period of 8 years, unless that period is 
     extended by the Secretary; and
       (2) subject to termination under subsection (c).
       (b) Notice of Requirements.--At the time an alien obtains 
     permanent resident status on a conditional basis, the 
     Secretary shall provide notice to the alien regarding the 
     provisions of this subtitle and the requirements to have the 
     conditional basis of such status removed.
       (c) Termination of Status.--The Secretary may terminate the 
     permanent resident status on a conditional basis of an alien 
     only if the Secretary--
       (1) determines that the alien ceases to meet the 
     requirements under paragraph (1)(C) of section 203(b), 
     subject to paragraphs (2) and (3) of that section; and
       (2) prior to the termination, provides the alien--
       (A) notice of the proposed termination; and
       (B) the opportunity for a hearing to provide evidence that 
     the alien meets such requirements or otherwise contest the 
     termination.
       (d) Return to Previous Immigration Status.--
       (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
     immigration status of an alien whose permanent resident 
     status on a conditional basis expires under subsection (a)(1) 
     or is terminated under subsection (c) or whose application 
     for permanent resident status on a conditional basis is 
     denied shall return to the immigration status of the alien on 
     the day before the date on which the alien received permanent 
     resident status on a conditional basis or applied for such 
     status, as appropriate.
       (2) Special rule for temporary protected status.--An alien 
     whose permanent resident status on a conditional basis 
     expires under subsection (a)(1) or is terminated under 
     subsection (c) or whose application for permanent resident 
     status on a conditional basis is denied and who had temporary 
     protected status under section 244 of the Immigration and 
     Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1254a) immediately before receiving 
     or applying for permanent resident status on a conditional 
     basis, as appropriate, may not return to temporary protected 
     status if--
       (A) the relevant designation under section 244(b) of the 
     Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1254a(b)) has been 
     terminated; or
       (B) the Secretary determines that the reason for 
     terminating the permanent resident status on a conditional 
     basis renders the alien ineligible for temporary protected 
     status.
       (e) Ineligibility for Public Benefits.--An alien who has 
     been granted permanent resident status on a conditional basis 
     shall not be eligible for any Federal means-tested public 
     benefit (within the meaning of section 403 of the Personal 
     Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 
     1996 (8 U.S.C. 1613)) until the date on which the conditional 
     permanent resident status of the alien is removed.

     SEC. 204. REMOVAL OF CONDITIONAL BASIS OF PERMANENT RESIDENT 
                   STATUS.

       (a) Eligibility for Removal of Conditional Basis.--
       (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary 
     shall remove the conditional basis of the permanent resident 
     status of an alien granted under this subtitle and grant the 
     alien status as an alien lawfully admitted for permanent 
     residence if the alien--
       (A) is described in paragraph (1)(C) of section 203(b), 
     subject to paragraphs (2) and (3) of that section;
       (B) has not abandoned the residence of the alien in the 
     United States;
       (C)(i) has acquired a degree from an institution of higher 
     education or has completed

[[Page S1082]]

     at least 2 years, in good standing, in a program for a 
     bachelor's degree or higher degree in the United States;
       (ii)(I) has served in the Uniformed Services for at least 2 
     years; or
       (II) in the case of an alien who has been discharged from 
     the Uniformed Services, has received an honorable discharge; 
     or
       (iii) has been employed for periods totaling at least 3 
     years and at least 75 percent of the time that the alien has 
     had a valid employment authorization, except that any period 
     during which the alien is not employed while having a valid 
     employment authorization and is enrolled in an institution of 
     higher education, a secondary school, or an education program 
     described in section 203(b)(1)(D)(iii), shall not count 
     toward the time requirements under this clause; and
       (D)(i) has paid any applicable Federal tax liability 
     incurred by the alien during the entire period for which the 
     alien was in permanent resident status on a conditional 
     basis; or
       (ii) has entered into an agreement to pay the applicable 
     Federal tax liability incurred by the alien during the entire 
     period for which the alien was in permanent resident status 
     on a conditional basis through a payment installment plan 
     approved by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
       (2) Hardship exception.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary shall remove the conditional 
     basis of the permanent resident status of an alien and grant 
     the alien status as an alien lawfully admitted for permanent 
     residence if the alien--
       (i) satisfies the requirements under subparagraphs (A) and 
     (B) of paragraph (1);
       (ii) demonstrates compelling circumstances for the 
     inability to satisfy the requirements under subparagraph (C) 
     of such paragraph; and
       (iii) demonstrates that--

       (I) the alien has a disability;
       (II) the alien is a full-time caregiver of a minor child; 
     or
       (III) the removal of the alien from the United States would 
     result in extreme hardship to the alien or the alien's 
     spouse, parent, or child who is a national of the United 
     States or is lawfully admitted for permanent residence.

       (3) Citizenship requirement.--
       (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), 
     the conditional basis of the permanent resident status 
     granted to an alien under this subtitle may not be removed 
     unless the alien demonstrates that the alien satisfies the 
     requirements under section 312(a) of the Immigration and 
     Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1423(a)).
       (B) Exception.--Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to an 
     alien who is unable to meet the requirements under section 
     312(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
     1423(a)) due to disability.
       (4) Application fee.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary may require an alien 
     applying for lawful permanent resident status under this 
     section to pay a reasonable fee that is commensurate with the 
     cost of processing the application.
       (B) Exemption.--An applicant may be exempted from paying 
     the fee required under subparagraph (A) only if the alien--
       (i)(I) is younger than 18 years of age;
       (II) received total income, during the 1-year period 
     immediately preceding the date on which the alien files an 
     application under this section, that is less than 150 percent 
     of the poverty line; and
       (III) is in foster care or otherwise lacking any parental 
     or other familial support;
       (ii) is younger than 18 years of age and is homeless;
       (iii)(I) cannot care for himself or herself because of a 
     serious, chronic disability; and
       (II) received total income, during the 1-year period 
     immediately preceding the date on which the alien files an 
     application under this section, that is less than 150 percent 
     of the poverty line; or
       (iv)(I) during the 1-year period immediately preceding the 
     date on which the alien files an application under this 
     section, the alien accumulated $10,000 or more in debt as a 
     result of unreimbursed medical expenses incurred by the alien 
     or an immediate family member of the alien; and
       (II) received total income, during the 1-year period 
     immediately preceding the date on which the alien files an 
     application under this section, that is less than 150 percent 
     of the poverty line.
       (5) Submission of biometric and biographic data.--
       (A) In general.--The Secretary may not remove the 
     conditional basis of the permanent resident status of an 
     alien unless the alien submits biometric and biographic data, 
     in accordance with procedures established by the Secretary.
       (B) Alternative procedure.--The Secretary shall provide an 
     alternative procedure for any applicant who is unable to 
     provide the biometric or biographic data referred to in 
     subparagraph (A) due to physical impairment.
       (6) Background checks.--
       (A) Requirement for background checks.--The Secretary shall 
     use biometric, biographic, and other data that the Secretary 
     determines to be appropriate--
       (i) to conduct security and law enforcement background 
     checks of an alien applying for removal of the conditional 
     basis of the permanent resident status of the alien; and
       (ii) to determine whether there is any criminal, national 
     security, or other factor that would render the alien 
     ineligible for removal of the conditional basis if the 
     permanent resident status of the alien.
       (B) Completion of background checks.--The security and law 
     enforcement background checks of an alien required under 
     subparagraph (A) shall be completed, to the satisfaction of 
     the Secretary, before the date on which the Secretary removes 
     the conditional basis of the permanent resident status of the 
     alien.
       (b) Naturalization.--
       (1) In general.--For purposes of title III of the 
     Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1401 et seq.), an 
     alien granted permanent resident status on a conditional 
     basis shall be considered to have been admitted to the United 
     States, and to be present in the United States, as an alien 
     lawfully admitted for permanent residence.
       (2) Limitations on application for naturalization.--
       (A) In general.--An alien may not be naturalized--
       (i) on any date on which the alien is in permanent resident 
     status on a conditional basis; or
       (ii) before the date that is 12 years after the date on 
     which the alien was granted permanent resident status on a 
     conditional basis.
       (B) Reduction in period.--
       (i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), the 12-year period 
     referred to in subparagraph (A)(ii) shall be reduced by the 
     number of days that the alien was a DACA recipient.
       (ii) Limitation.--Notwithstanding clause (i), the 12-year 
     period may not be reduced by more than 2 years.
       (C) Advanced filing date.--With respect to an alien granted 
     permanent resident status on a conditional basis, the alien 
     may file an application for naturalization not more than 90 
     days before the date on which the applicant meets the 
     requirements for naturalization under subparagraph (A).

     SEC. 205. DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS.

       (a) Documents Establishing Identity.--An alien's 
     application for permanent resident status on a conditional 
     basis may include, as proof of identity--
       (1) a passport or national identity document from the 
     alien's country of origin that includes the alien's name and 
     the alien's photograph or fingerprint;
       (2) the alien's birth certificate and an identity card that 
     includes the alien's name and photograph;
       (3) a school identification card that includes the alien's 
     name and photograph, and school records showing the alien's 
     name and that the alien is or was enrolled at the school;
       (4) a Uniformed Services identification card issued by the 
     Department of Defense;
       (5) any immigration or other document issued by the United 
     States Government bearing the alien's name and photograph; or
       (6) a State-issued identification card bearing the alien's 
     name and photograph.
       (b) Documents Establishing Continuous Physical Presence in 
     the United States.--To establish that an alien has been 
     continuously physically present in the United States, as 
     required under section 203(b)(1)(A), or to establish that an 
     alien has not abandoned residence in the United States, as 
     required under section 205(a)(1)(B), the alien may submit 
     documents to the Secretary, including--
       (1) employment records that include the employer's name and 
     contact information;
       (2) records from any educational institution the alien has 
     attended in the United States;
       (3) records of service from the Uniformed Services;
       (4) official records from a religious entity confirming the 
     alien's participation in a religious ceremony;
       (5) passport entries;
       (6) a birth certificate for a child of the alien who was 
     born in the United States;
       (7) automobile license receipts or registration;
       (8) deeds, mortgages, or rental agreement contracts;
       (9) tax receipts;
       (10) insurance policies;
       (11) remittance records;
       (12) rent receipts or utility bills bearing the alien's 
     name or the name of an immediate family member of the alien, 
     and the alien's address;
       (13) copies of money order receipts for money sent in or 
     out of the United States;
       (14) dated bank transactions; or
       (15) 2 or more sworn affidavits from individuals who are 
     not related to the alien who have direct knowledge of the 
     alien's continuous physical presence in the United States, 
     that contain--
       (A) the name, address, and telephone number of the affiant; 
     and
       (B) the nature and duration of the relationship between the 
     affiant and the alien.
       (c) Documents Establishing Initial Entry Into the United 
     States.--To establish under section 203(b)(1)(B) that an 
     alien was younger than 18 years of age on the date on which 
     the alien initially entered the United States, an alien may 
     submit documents to the Secretary, including--
       (1) an admission stamp on the alien's passport;
       (2) records from any educational institution the alien has 
     attended in the United States;
       (3) any document from the Department of Justice or the 
     Department of Homeland Security stating the alien's date of 
     entry into the United States;

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       (4) hospital or medical records showing medical treatment 
     or hospitalization, the name of the medical facility or 
     physician, and the date of the treatment or hospitalization;
       (5) rent receipts or utility bills bearing the alien's name 
     or the name of an immediate family member of the alien, and 
     the alien's address;
       (6) employment records that include the employer's name and 
     contact information;
       (7) official records from a religious entity confirming the 
     alien's participation in a religious ceremony;
       (8) a birth certificate for a child of the alien who was 
     born in the United States;
       (9) automobile license receipts or registration;
       (10) deeds, mortgages, or rental agreement contracts;
       (11) tax receipts;
       (12) travel records;
       (13) copies of money order receipts sent in or out of the 
     country;
       (14) dated bank transactions;
       (15) remittance records; or
       (16) insurance policies.
       (d) Documents Establishing Admission to an Institution of 
     Higher Education.--To establish that an alien has been 
     admitted to an institution of higher education, the alien 
     shall submit to the Secretary a document from the institution 
     of higher education certifying that the alien--
       (1) has been admitted to the institution; or
       (2) is currently enrolled in the institution as a student.
       (e) Documents Establishing Receipt of a Degree From an 
     Institution of Higher Education.--To establish that an alien 
     has acquired a degree from an institution of higher education 
     in the United States, the alien shall submit to the Secretary 
     a diploma or other document from the institution stating that 
     the alien has received such a degree.
       (f) Documents Establishing Receipt of High School Diploma, 
     General Educational Development Certificate, or a Recognized 
     Equivalent.--To establish that an alien has earned a high 
     school diploma or a commensurate alternative award from a 
     public or private high school, or has obtained a general 
     educational development certificate recognized under State 
     law or a high school equivalency diploma in the United 
     States, the alien shall submit to the Secretary--
       (1) a high school diploma, certificate of completion, or 
     other alternate award;
       (2) a high school equivalency diploma or certificate 
     recognized under State law; or
       (3) evidence that the alien passed a State-authorized exam, 
     including the general educational development exam, in the 
     United States.
       (g) Documents Establishing Enrollment in an Educational 
     Program.--To establish that an alien is enrolled in any 
     school or education program described in section 
     203(b)(1)(D)(iii), 203(d)(3)(A)(iii), or 205(a)(1)(C)(i), the 
     alien shall submit school records from the United States 
     school that the alien is currently attending that include--
       (1) the name of the school; and
       (2) the alien's name, periods of attendance, and current 
     grade or educational level.
       (h) Documents Establishing Exemption From Application 
     Fees.--To establish that an alien is exempt from an 
     application fee under section 203(b)(5)(B) or 205(a)(4)(B), 
     the alien shall submit to the Secretary the following 
     relevant documents:
       (1) Documents to establish age.--To establish that an alien 
     meets an age requirement, the alien shall provide proof of 
     identity, as described in subsection (a), that establishes 
     that the alien is younger than 18 years of age.
       (2) Documents to establish income.--To establish the 
     alien's income, the alien shall provide--
       (A) employment records that have been maintained by the 
     Social Security Administration, the Internal Revenue Service, 
     or any other Federal, State, or local government agency;
       (B) bank records; or
       (C) at least 2 sworn affidavits from individuals who are 
     not related to the alien and who have direct knowledge of the 
     alien's work and income that contain--
       (i) the name, address, and telephone number of the affiant; 
     and
       (ii) the nature and duration of the relationship between 
     the affiant and the alien.
       (3) Documents to establish foster care, lack of familial 
     support, homelessness, or serious, chronic disability.--To 
     establish that the alien was in foster care, lacks parental 
     or familial support, is homeless, or has a serious, chronic 
     disability, the alien shall provide at least 2 sworn 
     affidavits from individuals who are not related to the alien 
     and who have direct knowledge of the circumstances that 
     contain--
       (A) a statement that the alien is in foster care, otherwise 
     lacks any parental or other familiar support, is homeless, or 
     has a serious, chronic disability, as appropriate;
       (B) the name, address, and telephone number of the affiant; 
     and
       (C) the nature and duration of the relationship between the 
     affiant and the alien.
       (4) Documents to establish unpaid medical expense.--To 
     establish that the alien has debt as a result of unreimbursed 
     medical expenses, the alien shall provide receipts or other 
     documentation from a medical provider that--
       (A) bear the provider's name and address;
       (B) bear the name of the individual receiving treatment; 
     and
       (C) document that the alien has accumulated $10,000 or more 
     in debt in the past 12 months as a result of unreimbursed 
     medical expenses incurred by the alien or an immediate family 
     member of the alien.
       (i) Documents Establishing Qualification for Hardship 
     Exemption.--To establish that an alien satisfies 1 of the 
     criteria for the hardship exemption described in section 
     205(a)(2)(A)(iii), the alien shall submit to the Secretary at 
     least 2 sworn affidavits from individuals who are not related 
     to the alien and who have direct knowledge of the 
     circumstances that warrant the exemption, that contain--
       (1) the name, address, and telephone number of the affiant; 
     and
       (2) the nature and duration of the relationship between the 
     affiant and the alien.
       (j) Documents Establishing Service in the Uniformed 
     Services.--To establish that an alien has served in the 
     Uniformed Services for at least 2 years and, if discharged, 
     received an honorable discharge, the alien shall submit to 
     the Secretary--
       (1) a Department of Defense form DD-214;
       (2) a National Guard Report of Separation and Record of 
     Service form 22;
       (3) personnel records for such service from the appropriate 
     Uniformed Service; or
       (4) health records from the appropriate Uniformed Service.
       (k) Documents Establishing Employment.--
       (1) In general.--An alien may satisfy the employment 
     requirement under section 205(a)(1)(C)(iii) by submitting 
     records that--
       (A) establish compliance with such employment requirement; 
     and
       (B) have been maintained by the Social Security 
     Administration, the Internal Revenue Service, or any other 
     Federal, State, or local government agency.
       (2) Other documents.--An alien who is unable to submit the 
     records described in paragraph (1) may satisfy the employment 
     requirement by submitting at least 2 types of reliable 
     documents that provide evidence of employment, including--
       (A) bank records;
       (B) business records;
       (C) employer records;
       (D) records of a labor union, day labor center, or 
     organization that assists workers in employment;
       (E) sworn affidavits from individuals who are not related 
     to the alien and who have direct knowledge of the alien's 
     work, that contain--
       (i) the name, address, and telephone number of the affiant; 
     and
       (ii) the nature and duration of the relationship between 
     the affiant and the alien; and
       (F) remittance records.
       (l) Authority to Prohibit Use of Certain Documents.--If the 
     Secretary determines, after publication in the Federal 
     Register and an opportunity for public comment, that any 
     document or class of documents does not reliably establish 
     identity or that permanent resident status on a conditional 
     basis is being obtained fraudulently to an unacceptable 
     degree, the Secretary may prohibit or restrict the use of 
     such document or class of documents.

     SEC. 206. RULEMAKING.

       (a) Initial Publication.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall publish in the 
     Federal Register regulations implementing this subtitle.
       (2) Affirmative application.--The regulations published 
     under paragraph (1) shall allow any eligible individual to 
     immediately apply affirmatively for the relief available 
     under section 203 without being placed in removal 
     proceedings.
       (b) Interim Regulations.--Notwithstanding section 553 of 
     title 5, United States Code, the regulations published 
     pursuant to subsection (a)(1) shall be effective, on an 
     interim basis, immediately on publication in the Federal 
     Register, but may be subject to change and revision after 
     public notice and opportunity for a period of public comment.
       (c) Final Regulations.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     date on which interim regulations are published under this 
     section, the Secretary shall publish final regulations 
     implementing this subtitle.
       (d) Paperwork Reduction Act.--The requirements under 
     chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code, (commonly known 
     as the ``Paperwork Reduction Act'') shall not apply to any 
     action to implement this subtitle.

     SEC. 207. CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION.

       (a) In General.--The Secretary may not disclose or use for 
     the purpose of immigration enforcement any information 
     provided in--
       (1) an application filed under this subtitle; or
       (2) a request for DACA.
       (b) Referrals Prohibited.--The Secretary may not refer to 
     U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, U.S. Customs and 
     Border Protection, or any designee of U.S. Immigration and 
     Customs Enforcement or U.S. Customs and Border Protection any 
     individual who--
       (1) has been granted permanent resident status on a 
     conditional basis; or
       (2) was granted DACA.
       (c) Limited Exception.--Notwithstanding subsections (a) and 
     (b), information provided in an application for permanent 
     resident status on a conditional basis or a request for

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     DACA may be shared with a Federal security or law enforcement 
     agency--
       (1) for assistance in the consideration of an application 
     for permanent resident status on a conditional basis;
       (2) to identify or prevent fraudulent claims;
       (3) for national security purposes; or
       (4) for the investigation or prosecution of any felony not 
     related to immigration status.
       (d) Penalty.--Any person who knowingly uses, publishes, or 
     permits information to be examined in violation of this 
     section shall be fined not more than $10,000.
                                 ______