[Congressional Record Volume 163, Number 45 (Wednesday, March 15, 2017)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1849-S1851]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
NOMINATION OF NEIL GORSUCH
Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I rise today to once again address the
nomination of Judge Neil M. Gorsuch to be the next Associate Justice of
the U.S. Supreme Court.
I am extraordinarily pleased that the President has nominated such an
outstanding individual to fill the seat that was held by my friend, the
late Justice Antonin Scalia, for nearly three decades.
In the weeks since Judge Gorsuch's nomination, I have done my best to
make the case that he is exactly the kind of Justice that we need: one
that will--in the timeless words of Marbury v. Madison--say what the
law is, not what he wishes the law would be.
In my view, his outstanding credentials and his understanding of the
proper role of a judge under our Constitution make him a choice that
should command universal support. Unfortunately, this feeling does not
appear to be as broadly shared as it should be.
Leftwing activists are demanding a scorched-earth approach to Judge
Gorsuch's nomination, and I am afraid that some of my colleagues on the
other side of the aisle appear to have been swept up in this fervor.
Their opposition stems from two different
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sources and has taken two different forms.
The first cause is the visceral reaction among some to our new
President. After last year's bitterly fought election campaign, many on
the left simply refuse to accept the legitimacy of the new
administration and are dead set on all-out opposition to every
initiative, every policy, and every nominee of this President. As a
case in point, we are in mid-March and the President is still waiting
for the Senate to confirm his Cabinet nominees. This hasn't happened,
to my knowledge, in the 40 years I have been in the Senate.
Skeptical of any nominee's willingness to hold the administration
that nominated him accountable to the law, they are demanding
assurances about how Judge Gorsuch would rule on the administration's
most controversial moves.
The Supreme Court confirmation process should not be treated as just
another forum to litigate the wisdom and lawfulness of the new
administration's policies. Not only does such an approach distract from
the proper focus on the nominee's qualifications and judicial
philosophy, but it also threatens to undermine the very independence
Democrats claim to want in a Supreme Court Justice.
As I have explained in detail as recently as last week, nominees of
both parties for decades have refused to speculate on cases that may
come before them in order to not prejudice their potential future
judgments. Moreover, as a sitting Federal judge, Judge Gorsuch is bound
by the code of conduct for United States judges, one of the canons of
which prohibits a judge from making ``public comment on the merits of a
matter pending or impending in any court.''
In light of this longstanding, necessary, and, in Judge Gorsuch's
case, legally mandated practice, I have found it extraordinarily
disappointing to hear some of my colleagues try to turn on its head
Judge Gorsuch's admirable efforts to protect his independence. For
example, the minority leader has repeatedly castigated Judge Gorsuch
for refusing to take a definitive stand on the legality of the new
administration's policies, accusing him of ``avoiding answers like the
plague.''
For those of us of all political stripes who want a Supreme Court
Justice who decides cases on the basis of what the law commands, rather
than whether the result serves a particular political or policy
agenda--be it Republican or Democrat, conservative or liberal, pro-
Trump or anti-Trump--Judge Gorsuch's refusal to prejudice his approach
to future cases should be celebrated, not condemned.
As Justice Sotomayor said recently: ``Any self-respecting judge who
comes in with an agenda that would permit that judge to tell you how
they will vote is the kind of person you don't want as a judge.''
Put more colorfully, there is a plague threatening judicial
independence; here, this plague takes the form of the minority leader's
attempt to extract these sorts of inappropriate answers, and Judge
Gorsuch is wise to avoid that. The minority leader should know better.
Moreover, we know the minority leader does know better, given his
many years of service on the Judiciary Committee and, in particular,
how he acquiesced to the same approach when now-Justices Sotomayor and
Kagan were presented with similar timely hypotheticals during their
confirmation processes.
Sadly, I have little doubt that this line of attack on Judge Gorsuch
will continue to infect the confirmation process, but we should be
completely clear and unambiguous about what these attempts to get Judge
Gorsuch to answer hypothetical questions about the legality of the
administration's policies represent. They are illegitimate, partisan
attempts to derail his nomination, cleverly shrouded in a cloak of
alleged concern about his independence. Americans should not be under
any illusions that these proper concerns about independence amount to
anything else.
To turn to the second source of opposition to Judge Gorsuch's
nomination, one need only examine this week's New York Times heading,
which blared: ``Democrats' Line of Attack on Gorsuch: No Friend of the
Little Guy.''
This same theme has been repeated by various leftwing interest groups
and by some of my colleagues here in the Senate. They should be
ashamed. As I have explained extensively in the past, the judge's
critics view the judiciary as simply an extension of politics, just
another forum to relitigate battles that they lost in the policymaking
process. In their view, the job of a judge is not to apply the law to
the facts dispassionately, but rather to pick winners and losers on the
basis of the political popularity of the litigants and the policy
consequences of the decision.
While such an approach is antithetical to the role of a judge under
the Constitution, it has become an entrenched article of faith for most
of those on the left. As such, they have approached Judge Gorsuch's
nomination in a predictable manner: cherry-picking and
mischaracterizing his opinions as evidence of a political agenda with
total disregard of what the law commanded in each of those cases.
Simply put, this line of attack on Judge Gorsuch is ludicrous. Any
reasonable analysis of his opinions shows that his decisions apply to
laws enacted by the people's elected representatives, without regard to
his own personal preferences. His approach manifests the Constitution's
vision of the appropriate role of a judge that has been prominently
embraced by Justice Scalia: ``If you're going to be a good and faithful
judge, you have to resign yourself to the fact that you are not always
going to like the conclusions you reach. If you like them all the time,
you're probably doing something wrong.''
Today, I want to examine just a few of the cases seized on by Judge
Gorsuch's liberal critics to demonstrate just how unfounded their
attacks are. Compass Environmental v. Occupational Safety and Health
Review Commission involved a Tenth Circuit ruling against a firm for
failing to provide adequate training to protect its employees from
electric shock hazards. Judge Gorsuch did indeed rule in the firm's
favor, but the case did not present the question of whether the company
should do more to protect its workers. Rather, the case turned on the
question of whether the Secretary of Labor satisfied the standard of
showing any evidence to demonstrate that the firm in question was
providing less training than what is the norm in the industry.
One need only examine the judge's opinion to understand how that
specific legal burden was met, reaching the same conclusion as the
administrative law judge below.
Next, Riddle v. Hickenlooper touches on one of the liberals' faith
talking points: the supposed need to regulate political speech in order
to fight money in politics. While this case has been characterized as
some invitation for wealthy and large corporations to exert undue
influence in politics, it actually turned on a rather narrow and
technical question of whether a $200 disparity in the contribution
limits for major party and write-in candidates for Colorado's State
House of Representatives amounted to an equal protection violation.
Judge Gorsuch joined the majority opinion of his colleagues--an Obama
appointee, by the way--in agreeing that it did constitute such a
violation, and then wrote a brief concurrence outlining how unclear
Supreme Court precedent was on this particular point.
Moreover, he stated how ``clear'' it was that ``with a little effort,
Colorado could have achieved its stated policy objectives . . . without
offending'' the Constitution.
In essence, Judge Gorsuch adopted a particularly narrow position on a
relatively minor issue in the grand scheme of campaign finance law,
meriting none of his opponents' extrapolations about larger issues of
political speech.
Finally, several of Judge Gorsuch's writings have called into
question the so-called Chevron doctrine, under which Federal courts
defer to administrative agencies' interpretations of the law. His
opponents have seized on this skepticism to argue that Judge Gorsuch is
somehow reflexively opposed to regulation. Nothing could be further
from the truth.
These critics of Judge Gorsuch should recall that the Chevron
deference first flourished as a reaction against liberal judges
overturning the deregulatory actions of the Reagan administration. I
myself am a skeptic of
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Chevron and have led the fight to overturn it with my Separation of
Powers Restoration Act. But as the name of my legislation suggests,
overturning Chevron is about restoring the constitutional allocation of
powers between the three branches, maintaining fidelity to the text of
the Administrative Procedure Act, and ensuring that the bureaucracy
abides by the law no matter its policy goals.
These are a few of Judge Gorsuch's opinions that have been most
prominently mischaracterized as driven by a political agenda, when in
reality their results are demanded by the law. Sadly, I expect that
these mischaracterizations and inappropriate demands of Judge Gorsuch
will continue to appear in this confirmation process. They don't have
any better arguments, and those arguments are not only flawed, but they
are wrong and inappropriate.
Let me quote from a prominent liberal law professor, Harvard's Noah
Feldman, to sum up how I think we all should feel about this strategy:
I'm not sure who decided that the Democratic critique of
U.S. Supreme Court nominee Judge Neil Gorsuch would be that
he doesn't side with the little guy. It's a truly terrible
idea. . . . [S]iding with workers against employers isn't a
jurisprudential position. It's a political stance. And
justices--including progressive justices--shouldn't decide
cases based on who the parties are. They should decide cases
based on their beliefs about how the law should be
interpreted.
That is a liberal law professor agreeing with me, really, and
condemning these types of ad hominem attacks by people who know better
or should know better.
I urge my colleagues on the other side of the aisle to resist the
temptation to give in to partisan and ideological pressure to engage in
these tactics I described earlier, and I hope people will pay attention
to what I have suggested. These are unworthy of the Senate's role, and
they are unmerited with respect to such a stellar nominee as Judge
Gorsuch, a man who is clearly committed to the proper, independent role
of a judge.
I urge all of my colleagues to join me in helping to ensure his
speedy confirmation. This man is a decent, honorable, intelligent man
who deserves the support of this decent, honorable, intelligent body.
The arguments of the other side are without merit and, frankly, are
really abysmal, and I sure hope they will reconsider and vote for this
man who will be an excellent Justice on the U.S. Supreme Court.
Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
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