[Congressional Record Volume 162, Number 140 (Thursday, September 15, 2016)]
[Senate]
[Pages S5821-S5822]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
STOP TERRORIST OPERATIONAL RESOURCES AND MONEY ACT
Mr. CASEY. Mr. President, I rise today to discuss the issue of
terrorism financing, especially with regard to the terrorist group
ISIS, known by some as ISIL, or other terminology referring to ISIS
itself.
Just days ago, we marked the 15th anniversary since the terrorist
attack on our country on September 11, 2001. At the time, the United
States had a fundamentally different understanding of terrorist groups,
their ideologies, and their operations.
In the years since, our national security apparatus has grown and
adapted, responding to evolving threats and prioritizing the fight
against terrorism and violent extremism.
For example, prior to 9/11, the Department of the Treasury was not as
significant in our fight against terrorism as it is today. An act of
Congress established the Treasury Office of Terrorism and Financial
Intelligence in 2004. Since then, this office has grown into an
essential component of our counterterrorism work. They are charged with
the task of cutting off the financial resources that terrorist groups
need to survive.
The terrorist group ISIS presents challenges, a whole new set of
challenges. Similar to Hezbollah, ISIS is part terrorist group, part
army, and part criminal syndicate fueled by a
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hateful ideology and controlling communities in Syria and Iraq. We know
that ISIS has sacked banks and still profits from the illicit sale of
oil, antiquities, and other items through the black market while
extorting the civilians under their control. ISIS uses this funding to
conduct terror attacks and control territory in both Syria and Iraq.
They use it to buy more weapons, ammunition, and components for
improvised explosive devices known as IEDs. They use it to pay salaries
for fighters and develop propaganda materials to spread their hateful
ideology.
In August of 2014, I joined with Senator Rubio, urging the
administration to prioritize stopping ISIS's financial support. Soon
after, the President announced his comprehensive strategy to degrade
and defeat ISIS.
Already, we have seen that the United States and coalition efforts,
including airstrikes on oil trucks and cash storage sites, have had a
meaningful impact on ISIS's finances. For example, in recent months,
ISIS has had to reduce the salaries they pay their fighters. Our
airstrikes have also taken key ISIS leaders, including their finance
minister, off the battlefield.
Just yesterday, Deputy Secretary of State Tony Blinken reported
significant progress on rolling back ISIS's control of territory. In
April, Maj. Gen. Peter Gersten, Deputy Commander of the Combined Joint
Task Force, Operation Inherent Resolve, said: ``ISIS's ability to
finance their war through oil refineries has been destroyed.'' That is
what it says right here. Their ``ability to finance their war through
oil refineries has been destroyed.'' This is a very significant step,
since ISIS was heavily reliant on this source of income.
The President also recently signed into law my bill, the Protect and
Preserve International Cultural Property Act, which helped ensure that
the United States is not a market for antiquities looted from Syria.
This is important because a report by the CultureUnderThreat Task Force
stated that ISIS may try to increase--increase--its antiquities
trafficking activity as other revenue streams, such as oil sales, are
cut off.
ISIS is rewriting the rule book on how terrorist groups work. Despite
the loss of territory in both Syria and Iraq, it continues to cultivate
its affiliates in northern and western Africa, Central Asia, and other
parts of the Middle East. It continues to sow the seeds of terror in
neighboring countries such as Turkey, Saudi Arabia, further afield in
Europe, Africa, and, of course, here in the United States. ISIS has
figured out how to operate outside of the international financial
system, lessening the impact of our banking sanctions that we have
relied upon before. We may be able to defeat ISIS, but the problem of
terrorist financing will stay with us.
I took a trip in February to Israel, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey,
which confirmed this assessment. That is why I believe we need a more
robust, permanent, international architecture for countering terrorist
financial networks.
In June, I introduced the Stop Terrorist Operational Resources and
Money Act--the so-called STORM Act--with Senator Johnny Isakson, and
this is but a first step. This bill provides a strong set of tools to
compel greater cooperation from partner nations.
The STORM Act authorizes a new designation by the President called
``Jurisdiction of Terrorism Financing Concern,'' which can be triggered
either by a lack of political will by a country or a lack of capacity
to take on this problem. Some countries have the capacity to make
meaningful progress but lack the political will to do so. I believe we
should levy tough penalties that make countries reconsider their
willful ignorance or tacit acceptance of terrorist financiers carrying
their country's passports or operating in their territory. The
penalties under the STORM Act include suspension of security or
development assistance, blocking of arms sales, and blocking loans from
the IMF or the World Bank.
With some countries the challenge is a basic lack of capacity. The
United States is well equipped to provide technical assistance and
capacity building. We have done this before on the issue of nuclear
nonproliferation. The STORM Act authorizes the administration to do the
same with countering terrorism financing.
Lastly, the STORM Act authorizes sanctions against financial
institutions that do business with ISIS. This sends a signal that banks
need to be vigilant in ensuring that they do not facilitate ISIS's
financial operations.
In the years since 9/11, terrorist groups have become ever more
sophisticated in the way they finance their operations. We have to
respond in kind, and it is right to expect all our partners to do the
same.
The bipartisan STORM Act sends a very clear message. If you fail to
pull your weight when it comes to terrorism financing and cutting it
off, there will be consequences. If you want to improve your record,
the United States is here to help you.
I urge my colleagues to support the STORM Act as an element of our
fight against ISIS and a step toward building a more robust,
international architecture to stop terrorism financing in the long run.
I yield the floor.
Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The senior assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. CARPER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Cassidy). Without objection, it is so
ordered.
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