[Congressional Record Volume 162, Number 17 (Thursday, January 28, 2016)]
[Senate]
[Pages S397-S398]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 3139. Mr. COATS (for himself, Mr. Manchin, and Mrs. Capito) 
submitted an amendment intended to be proposed to amendment SA 2953 
proposed by Ms. Murkowski to the bill S. 2012, to provide for the 
modernization of the energy policy of the United States, and for other 
purposes; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

       At the end of subtitle E of title IV, add the following:

     SEC. 44__. ENSURING SCIENTIFIC TRANSPARENCY IN THE 
                   DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS.

       (a) Publication of Scientific Products for Rules and 
     Related Environmental Impact Statements, Environmental 
     Assessments, and Economic Assessments.--
       (1) In general.--Title V of the Surface Mining Control and 
     Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) is amended 
     by adding at the end the following:

     ``SEC. 530. PUBLICATION OF SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS FOR RULES AND 
                   RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENTS, 
                   ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS, AND ECONOMIC 
                   ASSESSMENTS.

       ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Agency action.--The term `agency action' has the 
     meaning given the term in section 551 of title 5, United 
     States Code.
       ``(2) Background information.--The term `background 
     information' means--
       ``(A) a biographical document, including a curriculum vitae 
     or resume, that details the exhaustive, professional work 
     history, education, and any professional memberships of a 
     person; and
       ``(B) the amount and date of any Federal grants or 
     contracts received by that person.
       ``(3) Economic assessment.--The term `economic assessment' 
     means any assessment prepared by a Federal agency in 
     accordance with section 6(a)(3)(C) of Executive Order 12866 
     (5 U.S.C. 601 note; relating to regulatory planning and 
     review).
       ``(4) Environmental assessment.--The term `environmental 
     assessment' has the meaning given the term in section 1508.9 
     of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations.
       ``(5) Environmental impact statement.--The term 
     `environmental impact statement' means any environmental 
     impact statement or similar analysis required under the 
     National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et 
     seq.).
       ``(6) Publicly available.--The term `publicly available' 
     means published online on--
       ``(A) a publicly accessible website that allows the 
     submission of comments on proposed regulations and related 
     documents published by the Federal Government;
       ``(B) a publicly accessible website of the Secretary; and
       ``(C) the website of the Federal Register.
       ``(7) Raw data.--The term `raw data' means any 
     computational process or quantitative or qualitative data 
     processed from a source that is relied upon in a scientific 
     product to support a finding or observation.
       ``(8) Relied upon.--The term `relied upon' means explicitly 
     cited or referenced in a rule, environmental impact 
     statement, environmental assessment, or economic assessment.
       ``(9) Rule.--The term `rule' has the meaning given the term 
     in section 551 of title 5, United States Code.
       ``(10) Scientific method.--The term `scientific method' 
     means a method of research under which--
       ``(A) a problem is identified;
       ``(B) relevant data are gathered;
       ``(C) a hypothesis is formulated from the data; and
       ``(D) the hypothesis is empirically tested in a manner 
     specified by documented protocols and procedures.
       ``(11) Scientific product.--The term `scientific product' 
     means any product that--
       ``(A) employs the scientific method for inventorying, 
     monitoring, experimenting, studying, researching, and 
     modeling purposes;
       ``(B) is relied upon by the Secretary in development of any 
     rule, environmental impact statement, environmental 
     assessment, or economic assessment; and
       ``(C) is not protected under copyright laws.
       ``(b) Requirements.--The Secretary shall--
       ``(1) make publicly available on the date of the 
     publication of any draft, final, emergency, or supplemental 
     rule under this Act,

[[Page S398]]

     or any related environmental impact statement, environmental 
     assessment, or economic assessment, each scientific product 
     the Secretary relied upon in developing the rule, 
     environmental impact statement, environmental assessment, or 
     economic assessment; and
       ``(2) for those scientific products receiving Federal 
     funds, also make publicly available--
       ``(A) the raw data used for the federally funded scientific 
     product; and
       ``(B) background information of the authors of the 
     scientific study.
       ``(c) Compliance.--
       ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), failure to 
     comply with the publication requirements of subsection (b)--
       ``(A) with respect to draft or supplemental rules, 
     environmental impact statements, environmental assessments, 
     or economic assessments shall extend by 1 day the notice and 
     comment period for each day of noncompliance; or
       ``(B) with respect to final or emergency rules, shall delay 
     the effective date of the final rule by 60 days plus an 
     additional day for each day of noncompliance.
       ``(2) Withdrawal.--If the Secretary fails to comply with 
     the publication requirements of subsection (b) for more than 
     180 days after the date of publication of any rule, or any 
     related environmental impact statement, environmental 
     assessment, or economic assessment, under this Act, the 
     Secretary shall withdraw the rule, environmental impact 
     statement, environmental assessment, or economic 
     assessment.''.
       (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of contents for the 
     Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. 
     1201 et seq.) is amended by inserting after the item relating 
     to section 529 the following:

``Sec. 530. Publication of scientific products for rules and related 
              environmental impact statements, environmental 
              assessments, and economic assessments.''.

       (b) Compliance With Other Federal Laws.--Section 702 of the 
     Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. 
     1292) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsection 
     (e) and (f), respectively; and
       (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
       ``(c) Compliance With Other Federal Laws.--Nothing in this 
     Act authorizes the Secretary to take any action by rule, 
     interpretive rule, policy, regulation, notice, or order that 
     duplicates any action taken under an Act referred to in 
     subsection (a) (including regulations and rules).
       ``(d) Deference to Implementing Agencies and State 
     Authorities.--In carrying out this Act (including rules, 
     interpretive rules, policies, regulations, notices, or 
     orders), the Secretary--
       ``(1) shall defer to the determinations of an agency or 
     State authority implementing an Act referred to in subsection 
     (a) with respect to any agency action under the jurisdiction 
     of the agency or State authority, as applicable; and
       ``(2) shall not make any determination regarding any agency 
     action subject to an Act referred to in subsection (a).''.
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