[Congressional Record Volume 162, Number 16 (Wednesday, January 27, 2016)]
[Senate]
[Pages S291-S294]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 3038. Mr. HOEVEN (for himself and Mr. Manchin) submitted an 
amendment intended to be proposed to amendment SA 2953 proposed by Ms. 
Murkowski to the bill S. 2012, to provide for the modernization of the 
energy policy of the United States, and for other purposes; which was 
ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

       At the appropriate place, insert the following:

                  TITLE __--COAL COMBUSTION RESIDUALS

     SEC. __01. SHORT TITLE.

       (a) Short Title.--This title may be cited as the 
     ``Improving Coal Combustion Residuals Regulation Act of 
     2016''.

     SEC. __02. MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL OF COAL COMBUSTION 
                   RESIDUALS.

       (a) In General.--Subtitle D of the Solid Waste Disposal Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 6941 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:

     ``SEC. 4011. MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL OF COAL COMBUSTION 
                   RESIDUALS.

       ``(a) State Permit Programs for Coal Combustion 
     Residuals.--Each State may adopt and implement a coal 
     combustion residuals permit program in accordance with this 
     section.
       ``(b) State Actions.--
       ``(1) Notification.--Not later than 6 months after the date 
     of enactment of this section, the Governor of each State 
     shall notify the Administrator, in writing, whether such 
     State will adopt and implement a coal combustion residuals 
     permit program.
       ``(2) Application for, and approval of, state coal 
     combustion residuals permit program.--
       ``(A) In general.--Not later than 24 months after the date 
     of enactment of this section, each State that has notified 
     the Administrator that it will adopt and implement a coal 
     combustion residuals permit program under paragraph (1) shall 
     submit to the Administrator an application for such coal 
     combustion residuals permit program for review and approval 
     by the Administrator.
       ``(B) Contents of application.--An application submitted 
     under this paragraph shall include--
       ``(i) a letter identifying the lead State implementing 
     agency, signed by the head of such agency;
       ``(ii) identification of any other State agencies to be 
     involved with the implementation of the coal combustion 
     residuals permit program;
       ``(iii) an explanation of how the State coal combustion 
     residuals permit program will meet the requirements of this 
     section, including--

       ``(I) a description of the State's--

       ``(aa) process to inspect or otherwise determine compliance 
     with such permit program;
       ``(bb) process to enforce the requirements of such permit 
     program, including any enforcement of the requirements of 
     subsection (c)(3)(A);
       ``(cc) public participation process for the promulgation, 
     amendment, or repeal of regulations for, and the issuance of 
     permits under, such permit program;
       ``(dd) process for judicial review;
       ``(ee) proposed or existing statutes, regulations, or 
     policies pertaining to public access to information, 
     including information on groundwater monitoring data, 
     structural stability assessments, emergency action plans, 
     fugitive dust control plans, notifications of closure 
     (including any certification of closure by a qualified 
     professional engineer), and corrective action remedies; and
       ``(ff) proposed coordination plan under subsection 
     (c)(1)(C); and

       ``(II) if a State proposes to apply a definition different 
     from a definition included in section 257.53 of title 40, 
     Code of Federal Regulations, for purposes of the State coal 
     combustion residuals permit program, an explanation of such 
     application, including an explanation of the reasonable basis 
     for applying such different definition, in accordance with 
     subsection (i)(4);

       ``(iv) a statement that the State has in effect, at the 
     time of application, statutes or regulations necessary to 
     implement a coal combustion residuals permit program that 
     meets the requirements described in subsection (c);
       ``(v) copies of State statutes and regulations described in 
     clause (iv);
       ``(vi) copies of any proposed forms used to administer the 
     coal combustion residuals permit program; and
       ``(vii) such other information as the Administrator may 
     require.
       ``(C) Approval.--
       ``(i) In general.--The Administrator may approve an 
     application for a State coal combustion residuals permit 
     program only if the Administrator determines that such 
     application demonstrates that the coal combustion residuals 
     permit program meets the requirements described in subsection 
     (c).
       ``(ii) Evidence of adequacy.--In evaluating an application 
     for a State coal combustion residuals permit program under 
     this paragraph, the Administrator shall consider a State's 
     approved permit program or other system of prior approval and 
     conditions under section 4005(c) or authorized program under 
     section 3006 as evidence regarding the State's ability to 
     effectively implement a coal combustion residuals program.
       ``(iii) Adoption by state.--A State may adopt and implement 
     a coal combustion residuals permit program if, not later than 
     90 days after receipt of a complete application under this 
     paragraph (including a revised application under subparagraph 
     (D))--

       ``(I) the Administrator publishes in the Federal Register a 
     notice of the Administrator's decision to approve such 
     application; or
       ``(II) the Administrator does not publish in the Federal 
     Register a notice of the Administrator's decision to approve 
     or deny such application, in which case such application 
     shall be deemed approved.

       ``(D) Revised application.--If the Administrator denies an 
     initial application for a State coal combustion residuals 
     program under this paragraph--
       ``(i) the Administrator shall notify the State of the 
     reasons for such denial; and
       ``(ii) the State may, not later than 60 days after the date 
     of such notification, submit to the Administrator a revised 
     application for such coal combustion residuals permit program 
     for review and approval by the Administrator.
       ``(c) Requirements for a Coal Combustion Residuals Permit 
     Program.--A coal combustion residuals permit program shall 
     consist of the following:
       ``(1) General requirements.--
       ``(A) Permits.--The implementing agency shall require that 
     owners or operators of structures apply for and obtain 
     permits incorporating the applicable requirements of the coal 
     combustion residuals permit program.
       ``(B) Public availability of information.--The implementing 
     agency shall ensure that--
       ``(i) documents for permit determinations are made publicly 
     available for review and comment under the public 
     participation process of the coal combustion residuals permit 
     program;
       ``(ii) final determinations on permit applications are made 
     publicly available; and
       ``(iii) information regarding the exercise by the 
     implementing agency of any discretionary authority granted 
     under this section and not provided for in the rule described 
     in subsection (i)(1) is made publicly available.
       ``(C) Coordination plan.--The implementing agency shall 
     develop and maintain a plan for coordination among States in 
     the event of a release that crosses State lines.
       ``(2) Criteria.--The implementing agency shall apply the 
     following criteria with respect to structures:
       ``(A) Design requirements.--For new structures, including 
     lateral expansions of existing structures, the criteria 
     regarding design requirements described in sections 257.70 
     through 257.72 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, as 
     applicable.
       ``(B) Groundwater monitoring and corrective action.--
       ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), for 
     all structures, the criteria regarding groundwater monitoring 
     and corrective action requirements described in sections 
     257.90 through 257.98 of title 40, Code of Federal 
     Regulations, including--

[[Page S292]]

       ``(I) for the purposes of detection monitoring, the 
     constituents described in appendix III to part 257 of such 
     title; and
       ``(II) for the purposes of assessment monitoring, 
     establishing a groundwater protection standard, and 
     assessment of corrective measures, the constituents described 
     in appendix IV to part 257 of such title.

       ``(ii) Exceptions and additional authority.--

       ``(I) Alternative point of compliance.--Notwithstanding 
     section 257.91(a)(2) of title 40, Code of Federal 
     Regulations, the implementing agency may establish the 
     relevant point of compliance for the down-gradient monitoring 
     system as provided in section 258.51(a)(2) of such title.
       ``(II) Alternative groundwater protection standards.--
     Notwithstanding section 257.95(h) of title 40, Code of 
     Federal Regulations, the implementing agency may establish an 
     alternative groundwater protection standard as provided in 
     section 258.55(i) of such title.
       ``(III) Ability to determine that corrective action is not 
     necessary or technically feasible.--Notwithstanding section 
     257.97 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, the 
     implementing agency may determine that remediation of a 
     release to groundwater from a structure is not necessary as 
     provided in section 258.57(e) of such title.

       ``(C) Closure.--For all structures, the criteria for 
     closure described in sections 257.101, 257.102, and 257.103 
     of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, except the criteria 
     described in section 257.101(b)(1) of such title shall not 
     apply to existing structures that comply with the criteria 
     described in section 257.60 of such title by making a 
     demonstration in accordance with subparagraph (E) of this 
     paragraph.
       ``(D) Post-closure.--For all structures, the criteria for 
     post-closure care described in section 257.104 of title 40, 
     Code of Federal Regulations.
       ``(E) Location restrictions.--For all structures, the 
     criteria for location restrictions described in sections 
     257.60 through 257.64 of title 40, Code of Federal 
     Regulations, except--
       ``(i) for existing structures that are landfills, sections 
     257.60 through 257.63 shall not apply; and
       ``(ii) the owner or operator of an existing structure that 
     is a surface impoundment may comply with the criteria 
     described in section 257.60 of such title by demonstrating 
     that--

       ``(I) the design and construction of the existing structure 
     that is a surface impoundment will prevent an intermittent, 
     recurring, or sustained hydraulic connection between any 
     portion of the base of the structure and the upper limit of 
     the uppermost aquifer; and
       ``(II) the existing structure that is a surface impoundment 
     is designed and constructed to prevent the release of the 
     constituents listed in appendices III and IV to part 257 of 
     such title at levels above the groundwater protection 
     standards established under this section.

       ``(F) Air criteria.--For all structures, the criteria for 
     air quality described in section 257.80 of title 40, Code of 
     Federal Regulations.
       ``(G) Financial assurance.--For all structures, the 
     criteria for financial assurance described in subpart G of 
     part 258 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations.
       ``(H) Recordkeeping.--For all structures, the criteria for 
     recordkeeping described in section 257.105 of title 40, Code 
     of Federal Regulations.
       ``(I) Run-on and run-off controls.--For all structures that 
     are landfills, sand or gravel pits, or quarries, the criteria 
     for run-on and run-off control described in section 257.81 of 
     title 40, Code of Federal Regulations.
       ``(J) Hydrologic and hydraulic capacity requirements.--For 
     all structures that are surface impoundments, the criteria 
     for inflow design flood control systems described in section 
     257.82 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations.
       ``(K) Structural integrity.--For structures that are 
     surface impoundments, the criteria for structural integrity 
     described in sections 257.73 and 257.74 of title 40, Code of 
     Federal Regulations.
       ``(L) Inspections.--For all structures, the criteria 
     described in sections 257.83 and 257.84 of title 40, Code of 
     Federal Regulations.
       ``(M) Public availability of information.--For all 
     structures, the criteria described in section 257.107 of 
     title 40, Code of Federal Regulations.
       ``(N) Notification.--For all structures, the criteria 
     described in section 257.106 of title 40, Code of Federal 
     Regulations.
       ``(3) Permit program implementation for existing 
     structures.--
       ``(A) Compliance with certain requirements.--
       ``(i) Initial deadlines.--The State, in the case of a State 
     that has notified the Administrator under subsection (b)(1) 
     that it will adopt and implement a coal combustion residuals 
     permit program, or the Administrator, in the case of each 
     other State, shall require owners or operators of existing 
     structures to comply with--

       ``(I) as of October 19, 2015, the requirements under 
     paragraphs (2)(F), (2)(H), and (2)(L);
       ``(II) not later than 6 months after the date of enactment 
     of this section, the requirement under paragraph (2)(G); and
       ``(III) not later than 12 months after the date of 
     enactment of this section, the requirements under paragraphs 
     (2)(A), (2)(I), (2)(J), (2)(K), and the requirement for a 
     written closure plan under the criteria described in 
     paragraph 2(C).

       ``(ii) Subsequent deadlines.--The implementing agency shall 
     require owners or operators of existing structures to comply 
     with--

       ``(I) not later than 24 months after the date of enactment 
     of this section, the requirements under paragraph (2)(B); and
       ``(II) not later than 36 months after the date of enactment 
     of this section, the requirements under paragraph (2)(E).

       ``(B) Permits.--Not later than 72 months after the date of 
     enactment of this section, the implementing agency shall 
     issue, with respect to an existing structure, a final permit 
     incorporating the applicable requirements of the coal 
     combustion residuals permit program, or a final denial of an 
     application submitted requesting such a permit.
       ``(C) Effect of compliance.--
       ``(i) Interim requirements.--Prior to the date on which a 
     final permit or final denial is issued under subparagraph 
     (B), compliance with the requirements of subparagraph (A), as 
     determined by the State or Administrator, as applicable, 
     shall constitute compliance with the requirements of this 
     section and the rule described in subsection (i)(1) for the 
     purpose of enforcement.
       ``(ii) Final permit.--Compliance with a final permit issued 
     by the implementing agency, as determined by the implementing 
     agency, shall constitute compliance with this section and the 
     rule described in subsection (i)(1) for the purpose of 
     enforcement.
       ``(4) Requirements for inactive coal combustion residuals 
     surface impoundments.--
       ``(A) Notice.--Not later than 2 months after the date of 
     enactment of this section, each owner or operator of an 
     inactive coal combustion residuals surface impoundment shall 
     submit to the Administrator and the State in which such 
     inactive coal combustion residuals surface impoundment is 
     located a notice stating whether such inactive coal 
     combustion residuals surface impoundment will--
       ``(i) not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of 
     this section, complete closure in accordance with section 
     257.100 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations; or
       ``(ii) comply with the requirements of the coal combustion 
     residuals permit program applicable to existing structures 
     that are surface impoundments (except as provided in 
     subparagraph (C)(ii)).
       ``(B) Financial assurance.--The implementing agency shall 
     require the owner or operator of an inactive surface 
     impoundment that has closed pursuant to this paragraph to 
     perform post-closure care in accordance with the criteria 
     described in section 257.104(b)(1) of title 40, Code of 
     Federal Regulations, and to provide financial assurance for 
     such post-closure care in accordance with the criteria 
     described in section 258.72 of such title.
       ``(C) Treatment as structure.--
       ``(i) In general.--An inactive coal combustion residuals 
     surface impoundment shall be treated as an existing structure 
     that is a surface impoundment for the purposes of this 
     section, including with respect to the requirements of 
     paragraphs (1) and (2), if--

       ``(I) the owner or operator does not submit a notice in 
     accordance with subparagraph (A); or
       ``(II) the owner or operator submits a notice described in 
     subparagraph (A)(ii).

       ``(ii) Inactive coal combustion residuals surface 
     impoundments that fail to close.--An inactive coal combustion 
     residuals surface impoundment for which the owner or operator 
     submits a notice described in subparagraph (A)(i) that does 
     not close by the deadline provided under subparagraph (A)(i) 
     shall be treated as an existing structure for purposes of 
     this section beginning on the date that is the day after such 
     applicable deadline, including by--

       ``(I) being required to comply with the requirements of 
     paragraph (1), as applicable; and
       ``(II) being required to comply, beginning on such date, 
     with each requirement of paragraph (2).

       ``(d) Implementation by Administrator.--
       ``(1) Federal backstop authority.--The Administrator shall 
     implement a coal combustion residuals permit program for a 
     State if--
       ``(A) the Governor of the State notifies the Administrator 
     under subsection (b)(1) that the State will not adopt and 
     implement a coal combustion residuals permit program;
       ``(B) the State fails to submit a notification or an 
     application by the applicable deadline under subsection (b);
       ``(C) the Administrator denies an application submitted by 
     a State under subsection (b)(2) and, if applicable, any 
     revised application submitted by the State under subparagraph 
     (E) of such subsection;
       ``(D) the State informs the Administrator, in writing, that 
     such State will no longer implement such a permit program; or
       ``(E) the Administrator withdraws approval of a State coal 
     combustion residuals program after the Administrator--
       ``(i) determines that the State is not implementing a coal 
     combustion residuals permit program approved under this 
     section in accordance with the requirements of this section;
       ``(ii) notifies the State of such determination, including 
     the reasons for such determination and the particular 
     deficiencies that need to be remedied; and
       ``(iii) after allowing the State to take actions to remedy 
     such deficiencies within a

[[Page S293]]

     reasonable time, not to exceed 90 days, the Administrator 
     determines that the State has not remedied such deficiencies.
       ``(2) Review.--A State may obtain a review of a 
     determination by the Administrator under paragraph 
     (1)(E)(iii) as if the determination were a final regulation 
     for purposes of section 7006.
       ``(3) Indian country.--The Administrator shall implement a 
     coal combustion residuals permit program in Indian country.
       ``(4) Requirements.--If the Administrator implements a coal 
     combustion residuals permit program under paragraph (1) or 
     (3), the permit program shall consist of the requirements 
     described in subsection (c).
       ``(5) Enforcement.--If the Administrator implements a coal 
     combustion residuals permit program for a State under 
     paragraph (1) or in Indian country under paragraph (3)--
       ``(A) the authorities referred to in section 4005(c)(2)(A) 
     shall apply with respect to coal combustion residuals, 
     structures, and inactive coal combustion residuals surface 
     impoundments for which the Administrator is implementing the 
     coal combustion residuals permit program; and
       ``(B) the Administrator may use those authorities to 
     inspect, gather information, and enforce the requirements of 
     this section in the State or Indian country.
       ``(6) Public participation process.--If the Administrator 
     implements a coal combustion residuals permit program under 
     this subsection, the Administrator shall provide a 30-day 
     period for the public participation process required under 
     subsection (c)(1)(B)(i).
       ``(e) State Control After Implementation by 
     Administrator.--
       ``(1) New adoption by state.--For a State for which the 
     Administrator is implementing a coal combustion residuals 
     permit program under subparagraphs (A) through (D) of 
     subsection (d), the State may adopt and implement such a 
     permit program through the application process described in 
     subsection (b)(2) (notwithstanding the deadline described in 
     subparagraph (A) of such subsection). An application 
     submitted pursuant to this paragraph shall include a timeline 
     for transition to the State coal combustion residuals permit 
     program.
       ``(2) Resumption after remedying deficient permit 
     program.--
       ``(A) Process.--For a State for which the Administrator is 
     implementing a coal combustion residuals permit program under 
     subparagraph (E) of subsection (d)(1), the State may adopt 
     and implement such a permit program if--
       ``(i) the State remedies only the deficiencies included in 
     the notice described in such subparagraph; and
       ``(ii) by the date that is 90 days after the date on which 
     the State notifies the Administrator that the deficiencies 
     have been remedied--

       ``(I) the Administrator publishes in the Federal Register--

       ``(aa) a determination, after providing a 30-day period for 
     notice and public comment, that the deficiencies included in 
     such notice have been remedied; and
       ``(bb) a timeline for transition to the State coal 
     combustion residuals permit program; or

       ``(II) the Administrator does not publish in the Federal 
     Register a determination regarding whether the deficiencies 
     included in such notice been remedied, in which case such 
     deficiencies shall be deemed remedied.

       ``(B) Review.--A State may obtain a review of a 
     determination by the Administrator under this paragraph as if 
     such determination were a final regulation for purposes of 
     section 7006.
       ``(f) Implementation During Transition.--
       ``(1) Effect on actions and orders.--Program requirements 
     of, and actions taken or orders issued pursuant to, a coal 
     combustion residuals permit program shall remain in effect 
     if--
       ``(A) a State takes control of its coal combustion 
     residuals permit program from the Administrator under 
     subsection (e); or
       ``(B) the Administrator takes control of a coal combustion 
     residuals permit program from a State under subsection (d).
       ``(2) Change in requirements.--Paragraph (1) shall apply to 
     such program requirements, actions, and orders until such 
     time as--
       ``(A) the implementing agency that took control of the coal 
     combustion residuals permit program changes the requirements 
     of the coal combustion residuals permit program with respect 
     to the basis for the action or order; or
       ``(B) with respect to an ongoing corrective action, the 
     State or the Administrator, whichever took the action or 
     issued the order, certifies the completion of the corrective 
     action that is the subject of the action or order.
       ``(3) Single permit program.--Except as otherwise provided 
     in this subsection--
       ``(A) if a State adopts and implements a coal combustion 
     residuals permit program under subsection (e), the 
     Administrator shall cease to implement the coal combustion 
     residuals permit program implemented under subsection (d) for 
     such State; and
       ``(B) if the Administrator implements a coal combustion 
     residuals permit program for a State under subsection (d)(1), 
     the State shall cease to implement its coal combustion 
     residuals permit program.
       ``(g) Authority.--
       ``(1) State authority.--Nothing in this section shall 
     preclude or deny any right of any State to adopt or enforce 
     any regulation or requirement respecting coal combustion 
     residuals that is more stringent or broader in scope than a 
     regulation or requirement under this section.
       ``(2) Authority of the administrator.--
       ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subsections (d) 
     and (f) of this section and section 6005, the Administrator 
     shall, with respect to the regulation of coal combustion 
     residuals under this Act, defer to the States pursuant to 
     this section.
       ``(B) Imminent hazard.--Nothing in this section shall be 
     construed as affecting the authority of the Administrator 
     under section 7003 with respect to coal combustion residuals.
       ``(C) Enforcement assistance only upon request.--Upon 
     request from the head of a lead State implementing agency, 
     the Administrator may, including through the use of the 
     authorities referred to in section 4005(c)(2)(A), provide to 
     such State agency only the enforcement assistance requested.
       ``(D) Concurrent enforcement.--Except as provided in 
     subparagraph (C) of this paragraph and subsection (f), the 
     Administrator shall not have concurrent enforcement authority 
     when a State is implementing a coal combustion residuals 
     permit program, including during any period of interim 
     operation described in subsection (c)(3)(C).
       ``(3) Citizen suits.--Nothing in this section shall be 
     construed to affect the authority of a person to commence a 
     civil action in accordance with section 7002.
       ``(h)  Use of Coal Combustion Residuals.--
       ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), use 
     of coal combustion residuals in any of the following ways, 
     and storage prior to such use, shall not be considered to be 
     receipt of coal combustion residuals for the purposes of this 
     section:
       ``(A) Use as--
       ``(i) engineered structural fill constructed in accordance 
     with--

       ``(I) ASTM E2277 entitled `Standard Guide for Design and 
     Construction of Coal Ash Structural Fills', including any 
     amendment or revision to that guidance;
       ``(II) any other published national standard determined 
     appropriate by the implementing agency, including standards 
     issued by the American Association of State and Highway 
     Transportation Officials and the Federal Highway 
     Administration; or
       ``(III) a State standard or program relating to--

       ``(aa) fill operations for coal combustion residuals; or
       ``(bb) the management of coal combustion residuals for 
     beneficial use; or
       ``(ii) engineered structural fill for--

       ``(I) a building site or foundation;
       ``(II) a base or embankment for a bridge, roadway, runway, 
     or railroad; or
       ``(III) a dike, levee, berm, or dam that is not part of a 
     structure.

       ``(B) Beneficial use--
       ``(i) that provides a functional benefit;
       ``(ii) that is a substitute for the use of a virgin 
     material; and
       ``(iii) that meets relevant product specifications and 
     regulatory or design standards, if any, including standards 
     issued by voluntary consensus standards bodies such as ASTM 
     International and the American Concrete Institute.
       ``(2) Exception.--With respect to a use described in 
     paragraph (1) that involves placement on the land of coal 
     combustion residuals in non-roadway and non-highway 
     applications, the implementing agency may, on a case-by-case 
     basis, determine that long-term storage of coal combustion 
     residuals at the generating facility for such a use or 
     permanent unencapsulated use of very large volumes of coal 
     combustion residuals constitutes receipt of coal combustion 
     residuals for the purposes of this section if the storage or 
     use results in releases of hazardous constituents to 
     groundwater, surface water, soil, or air--
       ``(A) in greater amounts than those that would occur from 
     long-term storage or use of a material that would be used 
     instead of coal combustion residuals; or
       ``(B) that exceed relevant regulatory and health-based 
     benchmarks, as determined by the implementing agency.
       ``(i) Effect of Rule.--
       ``(1) In general.--With respect to the final rule entitled 
     `Hazardous and Solid Waste Management System; Disposal of 
     Coal Combustion Residuals from Electric Utilities' and 
     published in the Federal Register on April 17, 2015 (80 Fed. 
     Reg. 21302)--
       ``(A) such rule shall be implemented only through a coal 
     combustion residuals permit program under this section; and
       ``(B) to the extent that any provision or requirement of 
     such rule conflicts, or is inconsistent, with a provision or 
     requirement of this section, the provision or requirement of 
     this section shall control.
       ``(2) Effective date.--For purposes of this section, any 
     reference in part 257 of title 40, Code of Federal 
     Regulations, to the effective date of such part shall be 
     considered to be a reference to the date of enactment of this 
     section, except that, in the case of any deadline established 
     by such a reference that is in conflict with a deadline 
     established by this section, the deadline established by this 
     section shall control.
       ``(3) Applicability of other regulations.--The application 
     of section 257.52 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, 
     is not affected by this section.

[[Page S294]]

       ``(4) Definitions.--The definitions under section 257.53 of 
     title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, shall apply with 
     respect to any criteria described in subsection (c) the 
     requirements of which are incorporated into a coal combustion 
     residuals permit program under this section, except--
       ``(A) as provided in paragraph (1); and
       ``(B) a lead State implementing agency may apply different 
     definitions if--
       ``(i) the different definitions do not conflict with the 
     definitions in subsection (j); and
       ``(ii) the lead State implementing agency--

       ``(I) identifies the different definitions in the 
     explanation included with the application submitted under 
     subsection (b)(2); and
       ``(II) provides in such explanation a reasonable basis for 
     the application of the different definitions.

       ``(j) Definitions.--In this section:
       ``(1) Coal combustion residuals.--The term `coal combustion 
     residuals' means the following wastes generated by electric 
     utilities and independent power producers:
       ``(A) The solid wastes listed in section 3001(b)(3)(A)(i) 
     that are generated primarily from the combustion of coal, 
     including recoverable materials from such wastes.
       ``(B) Coal combustion wastes that are co-managed with 
     wastes produced in conjunction with the combustion of coal, 
     provided that such wastes are not segregated and disposed of 
     separately from the coal combustion wastes and comprise a 
     relatively small proportion of the total wastes being 
     disposed in the structure.
       ``(C) Fluidized bed combustion wastes that are generated 
     primarily from the combustion of coal.
       ``(D) Wastes from the co-burning of coal with non-hazardous 
     secondary materials, provided that coal makes up at least 50 
     percent of the total fuel burned.
       ``(E) Wastes from the co-burning of coal with materials 
     described in subparagraph (A) that are recovered from 
     monofills.
       ``(2) Coal combustion residuals permit program.--The term 
     `coal combustion residuals permit program' means all of the 
     authorities, activities, and procedures that comprise a 
     system of prior approval and conditions implemented under 
     this section to regulate the management and disposal of coal 
     combustion residuals.
       ``(3) Electric utility; independent power producer.--The 
     terms `electric utility' and `independent power producer' 
     include only electric utilities and independent power 
     producers that produce electricity on or after the date of 
     enactment of this section.
       ``(4) Existing structure.--The term `existing structure' 
     means a structure the construction of which commenced before 
     the date of enactment of this section.
       ``(5) Implementing agency.--The term `implementing agency' 
     means the agency responsible for implementing a coal 
     combustion residuals permit program, which shall either be 
     the lead State implementing agency identified under 
     subsection (b)(2)(B)(i) or the Administrator pursuant to 
     subsection (d).
       ``(6) Inactive coal combustion residuals surface 
     impoundment.--The term `inactive coal combustion residuals 
     surface impoundment' means a surface impoundment, located at 
     an electric utility or independent power producer, that, as 
     of the date of enactment of this section--
       ``(A) does not receive coal combustion residuals;
       ``(B) contains coal combustion residuals; and
       ``(C) contains liquid.
       ``(7) Indian country.--The term `Indian country' has the 
     meaning given that term in section 1151 of title 18, United 
     States Code.
       ``(8) Structure.--
       ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), 
     the term `structure' means a landfill, surface impoundment, 
     sand or gravel pit, or quarry that receives coal combustion 
     residuals on or after the date of enactment of this section.
       ``(B) Exceptions.--
       ``(i) Municipal solid waste landfills.--The term 
     `structure' does not include a municipal solid waste landfill 
     meeting the revised criteria promulgated under section 
     4010(c).
       ``(ii) Coal mines.--The term `structure' does not include 
     the location of surface coal mining and reclamation 
     operations or surface coal mining operations (as those terms 
     are defined in section 701 of the Surface Mining Control and 
     Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. 1291)) or an active or 
     abandoned underground coal mine.
       ``(iii) De minimis receipt.--The term `structure' does not 
     include any landfill or surface impoundment that receives 
     only de minimis quantities of coal combustion residuals if 
     the presence of coal combustion residuals is incidental to 
     the material managed in the landfill or surface impoundment.
       ``(9) Unlined surface impoundment.--The term `unlined 
     surface impoundment' means a surface impoundment that does 
     not have a liner system described in section 257.71 of title 
     40, Code of Federal Regulations.''.
       (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents contained 
     in section 1001 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act is amended by 
     inserting after the item relating to section 4010 the 
     following:

``Sec. 4011. Management and disposal of coal combustion residuals.''.

     SEC. __03. EFFECT ON REGULATORY DETERMINATIONS.

       Nothing in this title, or the amendments made by this 
     title, shall be construed to alter in any manner the effect 
     on coal combustion residuals (as defined in section 4011 of 
     the Solid Waste Disposal Act, as added by this title) of the 
     Environmental Protection Agency's regulatory determinations 
     entitled--
       (1) ``Notice of Regulatory Determination on Wastes From the 
     Combustion of Fossil Fuels'', published at 65 Fed. Reg. 32214 
     (May 22, 2000); and
       (2) ``Final Regulatory Determination on Four Large-Volume 
     Wastes From the Combustion of Coal by Electric Utility Power 
     Plants'', published at 58 Fed. Reg. 42466 (August 9, 1993).

     SEC. 4. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

       Nothing in this title, or the amendments made by this 
     title, shall be construed to affect the authority of a State 
     to request, or the Administrator of the Environmental 
     Protection Agency to provide, technical assistance under the 
     Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.).

     SEC. 5. FEDERAL POWER ACT.

       Nothing in this title, or the amendments made by this 
     title, shall be construed to affect the obligations of an 
     owner or operator of a structure (as such term is defined in 
     section 4011 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act, as added by 
     this Act) under section 215(b)(1) of the Federal Power Act 
     (16 U.S.C. 824o(b)(1)).
                                 ______