[Congressional Record Volume 161, Number 96 (Tuesday, June 16, 2015)]
[Senate]
[Pages S4204-S4206]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS
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By Ms. MURKOWSKI:
S. 1583. A bill to authorize the expansion of an existing
hydroelectric project; to the Committee on Energy and Natural
Resources.
Ms. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I rise today to introduce legislation
that will speed the next phase of a renewable energy project in my home
State of Alaska, that Congress effectively authorized 35 years ago.
Back in 1980, Congress in Section 1325 of the Alaska National
Interest Lands Conservation Act, noted that the Kodiak Electric
Association Inc., KEA, then wished to build a lake-tap hydroelectric
project by taking water from Terror Lake, a high alpine lake, whiph was
placed just inside the boundary line of Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge
by the act. At the time KEA had wanted to build a 20 megawatt
hydroelectric project inside the refuge to power the namesake community
on Kodiak Island. Under the law, the Secretary of the Interior was to
approve the project and its expansion on a ``case-by-case'' basis--the
law simply saying that nothing in the 1980 Act ``shall be construed as
necessarily prohibiting or mandating the construction'' of the project.
The Secretary the next year approved the power project, which started
generation in the mid 1980's. A third 10-megawatt turbine since was
added to the project in 2012-13.
Kodiak Electric Association, a rural electric cooperative, is a
leader in Alaska in promoting renewable energy. In 2014, 99.7 percent
of its total electricity came from hydroelectric generation and from a
Pillar Mountain wind turbine farm--the first community in Alaska to be
nearly 100 percent supplied by renewable energy sources. But that
designation will disappear if the next phase of the originally planned
Terror Lake project is not constructed, since the utility will need to
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resume burning more diesel fuel to produce power if additional
hydroelectric generation from the lake is not permitted. That will
result in the burning of 2 million gallons of diesel fuel--in a typical
year given current electricity load forecasts--that will emit 26,000
tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere annually.
The new expansion involves diverting five small streams located on
Alaska State lands in the adjacent Upper Hidden Basin--streams
branching off the East and West Upper Hidden Creeks--and allowing the
water to flow into Terror Lake through an underground tunnel that will
be drilled through the ridge line marking the boundary between State
and refuge lands. The project, which will impact about 13 acres of
refuge lands, 3 acres being made up by the tunnel itself, will have a
single visible impact, some grading for a construction laydown area on
the rocky slopes above the upper end of the lake, and the ``natural''
waterfall that will result from water entering the lake from the
tunnel. The entire extent of the project involves drilling a 1.22 mile-
long tunnel, about 2,150 feet by current estimates being on refuge
lands, plus the diversion structure on the State's creeks, a water
pipeline to carry water from the East Creek over to the main diversion
structure located on the West Creek, and a related access road.
The project should have no impact on the environment or wildlife,
since the amount of water being diverted from the 4 square mile basin
is so slight as to have no impact on fisheries at the mouth of the
Kizhuyak River on the east side of Kodiak Island at Ugak Bay, into
which the Hidden Basin Creeks flow. The project should not affect the
wildlife along the shore of the steep, rocky lake. The project will not
involve adding turbines or equipment to the existing Terror Lake
powerhouse, as the project will not increase the maximum amount of
megawatt production, but simply increase the annual total production of
electricity from the power project. Terror Lake in 2014, a normal water
year, produced 134 gigawatt-hours of electricity. By the addition it
should produce about 30 additional gigawatt-hours annually, about a 25
percent increase.
The project, besides allowing KEA to utilize clean, renewable energy,
should also enhance the utility's innovative wind-hydro integration
system and further its micro-grid energy storage technology.
While this project should be able to proceed by seeking
administrative approvals either because of its ANILCA inclusion or
because of Title 11 of ANILCA, which governs future rights-of-way
requests, I am introducing legislation seeking Congressional approval
to speed up the start of construction on the power project. Without
Congressional approval, the utility will need to fund two environmental
impact statements, EIS's, instead of one, covering the exact same
issues, delaying the start of construction by years. With congressional
approval, the project will still face the delay of the Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission conducting a single EIS as part of its hydro
licensing amendment process. The project still will be subject to any
conditions to protect fisheries or wildlife placed on the project by
the USF&WS under Section 4(e) of the Federal Power Act. But it will
have to clear only one such EIS process, sparing rate payers on Kodiak
Island a doubling of the permitting expense.
This authorization will simply allow another phase of the Terror Lake
project to be constructed, as it was envisioned nearly 40 years ago. In
the 1978 feasibility plan, two years before passage of the Alaska
National Interest Lands Conservation Act, the Hidden Basin Creek
diversion was clearly outlined. ``This scheme is the most economical
means of increasing the output of the development . . . and it can be
built whenever the growth in power demand in Kodiak justifies it.
Therefore, the scheme is included in the present report as a
recommended future development,'' said the Terror Lake hydro report in
December 1978.
The project will permit additional clean, renewable energy to be
generated for the inhabitants of Kodiak Island, but without any
environmental or negative fishery or wildlife consequences. This bill,
if approved by Congress this year, will produce that power more quickly
and at less cost than will be involved should a lengthy, multiple
administrative review take place. It is unfortunate, but in the past 35
years since passage of the Alaska lands act, no entity has ever
completed the lengthy process and received a right-of-way permit under
the bureaucratic process set up by Title 11 of ANILCA. I hope that this
project will not have to attempt to be the first to actually navigate
the Title 11 right-of-way process in order to proceed.
I hope Congress will quickly approve this authorization so that more
renewable electricity can flow to the citizens of Kodiak in the near
future.
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By Ms. MURKOWSKI:
S. 1585. A bill to authorize the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
to issue an order continuing a stay of a hydroelectric license for the
Mahoney Lake hydroelectric project in the State of Alaska, and for
other purposes; to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.
Ms. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I rise today to introduce legislation
needed to provide additional options for how Ketchikan and parts of
Southeast Alaska can receive additional clean, renewable electricity in
the future. Today I am introducing legislation being requested by Cape
Fox Native Corp. of Ketchikan, Alaska Power & Telephone Co., and the
City of Saxman to extend a 2002 stay on the hydroelectric construction
license for the Mahoney Lake project. This bill will effectively
require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to grant another 10-
year extension of the construction license for the project proposed
northeast of downtown Ketchikan, in hopes that greater clarity will be
obtained within the next decade on how to supply power to the region in
the future.
Mahoney Lake was first proposed as a 9.6-megawatt, MW, lake-tap
hydroelectric project in the early 1990s. By 2002 the sponsors had not
received a power purchase agreement, PPA, and had exhausted the then
allowed FERC extensions of their construction license. In June 2002
they asked former Alaska Senator Ted Stevens to win legislative
approval of a stay so they wouldn't lose the license. Effectively, they
wanted the license expiration to be stayed until after completion of
the then proposed Swan-Tyee electrical transmission intertie--in hopes
that such completion would clarify future electrical needs in the
community. That project has since been finished, triggering the
potential end of the 2002 license stay.
The entities backing Mahoney Lake's construction have spent more than
$4 million on engineering and environmental studies--money in jeopardy
of being wasted, if the stay and a continuation of the construction
license is not approved by Congress. For that and a host of other
reasons, I am introducing this legislation to extend the construction
license and normal additional license periods under FERC rules for this
project.
Ketchikan, which recently received more clean, renewable energy with
the completion of the Whitman Lake hydroelectricity project, likely
will need additional power within the next decade. Currently the
Southeast Alaska Power Authority, SEAPA, is conducting a review of all
potential power sources. As part of that study the authority is
studying the merits of a host of projects, including construction of
Mahoney Lake. The authority, for example, is considering whether to
raise the height of the existing spillway of the Swan Lake project to
hold more water and generate more power. The authority is considering
whether to purchase power from two potential Metlakatla hydro projects:
the 4MW Triangle Lake or the 4.6 MW Lower Todd Lake projects on Annette
Island. And the authority is also checking the potential economics and
costs, including transmission lines, of new projects throughout the
area.
By this legislation I am simply trying to keep Mahoney Lake, which
may be able to produce 41.6 gigawatts of additional power annually for
the Ketchikan area, viable as a potential renewable energy project
until that comprehensive review is finished in 2016 or perhaps in 2017.
The three entities that currently hold the license for Mahoney Lake
have certainly spent more than enough
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on construction to meet FERC requirements that licensees show they are
serious about progressing a project and aren't simply ``stockpiling''
hydroelectric permits/licenses. Cape Fox Native Corporation,
especially, is deserving of an extension given its unique position
under terms of the 1971 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, ANCSA,
Cape Fox was ``distinctly disadvantaged'' in its land selections under
ANCSA because of Ketchikan land protections, the location of the
Annette Island Indian reservation, and the then long-term timber
contracts in the area owned at the time by the Ketchikan Pulp
Corporation. All three issues prevented Cape Fox from selecting most of
its lands inside its core selection areas. Arguably the Mahoney Lake
hydro project site is the only valuable land that the corporation was
allowed to select inside its core selection area, under the bill that
settled aboriginal land claims in Alaska.
This legislation will not advantage Mahoney Lake over any other
project that may be considered to provide low-cost hydroelectric power
to the region. But its timely passage will level the playing field so
that Mahoney Lake can be considered on the same economic grounds as all
other future power projects in southern Southeast Alaska. I hope for
the bill's swift passage in this Congress.
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By Mr. KAINE (for himself and Mr. Flake):
S. 1587. A bill to authorize the use of the United States Armed
Forces against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant; to the
Committee on Foreign Relations.
Mr. KAINE. Mr. President, I am pleased today to introduce in the
Senate, with my colleague Senator Flake, the first bipartisan
Authorization for Use of Military Force, AUMF, against ISIL. The United
States launched military action against ISIL over 10 months ago on
August 8, 2014. It is far past time for Congress to fulfill its duty by
debating and determining whether or not it is in the nation's best
interest to order United States troops to risk their lives in this
mission and vote on an ISIL AUMF.
This bill authorizes the U.S. mission against ISIL for the purpose of
protecting the lives of U.S. citizens and providing military support to
regional partners in their battle to defeat ISIL. As stated by the
authorization, the use of significant U.S. ground troops in combat
against ISIL is not consistent with this purpose, except to protect
lives of U.S. citizens from imminent threat. Other key provisions
include a sunset after three years unless reauthorized; a repeal of the
2002 Iraq AUMF; and a clause that defines this authorization as the
sole statutory authority for the war on ISIL, as opposed to the 2001
AUMF.
Thousands of members of the United States Armed Forces have been
deployed to support military operations against ISIL in Iraq and Syria.
As of June 2015, the United States has conducted over 3,500 airstrikes
against ISIL and spent more than $2,600,000,000 American taxpayer
dollars on this war--a number that continues to rise by approximately
$9,000,000 per day. Tragically, members of the Armed Forces have been
killed in Operation Inherent Resolve, and United States hostages have
been killed by ISIL in barbaric ways.
However, while Congress has authorized appropriations for Operation
Inherent Resolve and the training of anti-ISIL forces in Syria, it has
yet to take formal action to approve this mission. Doing so is critical
for reinforcing the leadership of the United States with our coalition
partners and sending a strong message to our adversaries that the
United States is united in the fight against ISIL and speaks with one
voice in confronting ISIL.
President Obama submitted an authorization for use of military force
against ISIL in February 2015. And still Congress has not undertaken
its most solemn duty and responsibility under Article 1. The American
public deserves this congressional debate to educate them about the
national security interests at stake and the advisability of this war
and Congress should do its job by formally voicing its support or
disapproval of the mission against ISIL.
I am proud to join Senator Flake in introducing a bill to start this
necessary debate. As we saw with the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act,
it is possible to find bipartisan compromise on even the toughest of
foreign policy issues and I challenge my colleagues to finally come
together to do what is right for our troops and our nation.
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