[Congressional Record Volume 160, Number 36 (Tuesday, March 4, 2014)]
[Senate]
[Page S1276]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
WORLD WILDLIFE DAY
Mr. CARDIN. Mr. President, in commemoration of World Wildlife Day on
March 3, I rise to bring attention to the catastrophic effects of
wildlife trafficking on global and economic security and the urgent
need to crush this demand for these illegal products.
Conserving natural resources is a priority for me, particularly as
chair of the Water and Wildlife Subcommittee; it is a priority for my
State of Maryland, and it is a priority for this administration. But
the responsibility of protecting natural resources, such as wildlife,
doesn't just sit with one State or one country. It requires a
coordinated, global effort. Wildlife trafficking is a multibillion-
dollar-per-year, transnational, sophisticated network of organized
criminals. As the demand for elephant ivory, rhino horns, and other
wildlife products resurges, the trade has become an illicit business
similar to drug and arms smuggling. And as such, we must approach the
problem with an equally hard-hitting strategy.
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, CITES,
reports that in 2012, an estimated 22,000 elephants were slaughtered
across Africa. According to the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service,
approximately 2,800 rhinos have been poached in South Africa since
2008, a more than 7,000-percent increase compared to the previous 17
years, mostly destined for Asian countries. Hundreds of park rangers
are being gunned down by poachers, leaving behind devastated families
with no income. Illegal wildlife trafficking threatens our species and
is pushing some to the edge of extinction. The illicit trade hurts
developing communities, damages tourism, risks people's livelihood or
worse, ends lives.
In February, President Obama released the first-ever National
Strategy for Combating Wildlife Trafficking. I joined colleagues on
both sides of the aisle to urge the administration to produce a bold,
goal-oriented, and whole-of-government approach to combat this growing
problem of illicit wildlife trafficking. I commend the administration
for its aggressive plan, and I hope we see swift implementation in the
three areas of enforcement, demand reduction, and partner-building.
The image of wildlife trafficking is often tied to the African
Continent. But the other side--the consumer-demand side, primarily
driven in Asia--must be viewed closely as well. With growing wealth in
the Asia region, wildlife is being used for traditional and
nontraditional medicines, trophies, clothing or pets. As the demand
grows, the price of these products continues to skyrocket. We must
leverage our bilateral and regional relationships to educate
communities about the real effects of this trade.
As chair of the Subcommittee on East Asia and the Pacific, I am
particularly pleased to see the tremendous cooperation between the
United States and China on this issue. At the 2013 Strategic and
Economic Dialogue, the two countries committed to cooperate on
enforcement issues and efforts to end the supply and demand for such
products. On January 6, China destroyed more than 5 tons of ivory,
publicly demonstrating their commitment to protecting elephant
populations. The United States, Kenya, Gabon, and the Philippines have
held similar events. In a joint 1-month global operation earlier this
year, the United States and China joined with 26 countries, plus
international organizations such as ASEAN, to target wildlife
trafficking criminals resulting in over 400 arrests and more than 350
major wildlife seizures. This type of collaboration is critical and
more needs to be done.
At the London Conference on Illegal Wildlife Trade February 12-13,
2014, representatives from over 40 countries joined together and issued
a declaration urging action. There is no doubt that governments
recognize the urgency in solving this problem. But we need to build on
this momentum, match our words with action, ensure developing countries
have the capacity to address enforcement issues, hold criminals
accountable, and educate communities to look beyond short-term benefits
toward the dangerous long-term effects of illegal trafficking.
I urge all my colleagues to work together to strengthen existing
laws, adopt new laws, and pressure consumers to put an end to this
damaging trade before the illegal trade puts an end to our world's most
precious wildlife.
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