[Congressional Record Volume 159, Number 118 (Tuesday, September 10, 2013)]
[House]
[Pages H5466-H5467]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
SECURE RURAL SCHOOLS
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of
January 3, 2013, the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Thompson) is
recognized for 12 minutes as the designee of the majority leader.
Mr. THOMPSON of Pennsylvania. Thank you, Mr. Speaker. Thank you,
Chairman Bishop and Chairman Hastings.
As an individual from Pennsylvania, from the eastern portion of the
United States, I do get it. This is a problem that obviously--as you've
heard from my colleagues from the western part of the country--is
devastating there. It's devastating in communities in Pennsylvania's
Fifth Congressional District. We have the Allegheny National Forest
there. I have four counties--schools, municipalities--which struggle
because of a failed policy in terms of forest management. They struggle
economically.
{time} 1815
When we do not have healthy forests, we do not have healthy
communities. So I stand here very appreciative to Chairman Hastings'
work and certainly supportive of H.R. 1526.
As chairman of the Agriculture Committee's Forestry Subcommittee, I
continually point out that the Forest Service is housed within the
USDA--rather than the Interior--and was done so for very specific
purposes.
This decision was made long ago because our national forests were
intended for multiple use. The most important function of that mission
is to properly manage these forests and grasslands in order to retain
the ecological health of those resources for sustained economic and
recreational use.
You can't adequately manage a forest without harvesting timber. Just
look to our private and State forests to see how to manage a forest
cost effectively and environmentally responsibly. National forestlands,
when managed correctly, will be more ecologically healthy and
economically beneficial to the local communities.
Representing a forested district and as an outdoorsman, I've been
very alarmed at how precipitously our annual harvests have dropped off
in the past 20 years. Between 1960 and 1989, the Forest Service was
harvesting roughly 10 billion to 12 billion board feet per year. Since
the early nineties, the annual harvest across Forest Service lands fell
below 2 billion board feet and hit its bottom in 2002 at 1.7 billion
feet. This is about one-fifth of what they've been harvesting in an
average year.
We have seen firsthand the economic impacts of reducing our
harvesting levels in national forests. Under longtime Federal law, 25
percent of the timber receipts generated on national forests are
required to be returned to the county of origin. The purpose of this is
that since there is no tax base there for the local government, timber
receipts were to provide a consistent source of revenue to the counties
to be used for schools, police, and local expenses.
In 2000, this lack of timber dollars plummeted so low that Congress
created the now expired Secure Rural Schools program to make up for the
loss of the county revenues in the national forestlands. This program
simply would not have been needed if the Federal Government was keeping
its promise to these rural areas by managing and harvesting the
appropriate amount of timber.
In the Allegheny National Forest located in my district, we have
slightly inched up in meeting the recommended level of harvest, but we
are still nowhere near where we need to be. This is especially true
across almost every other national forest around the country where they
typically are generating only a few percent of the recommended level.
Too little harvesting will have a significant impact on overall
forest health. Decreased timber harvesting means more dead trees and
more highly flammable biomaterials that do little more than serve as
fuel for wildfires. According to the Forest Service, the instances of
wildfires each year have actually decreased in recent years. However,
fires that we've been seeing recently are much more intense than they
have been in past years. Why? The reason is because of increased
flammability in the forests as a result of materials that have been
accumulated and not removed through management activities.
According to the U.S. Forest Service, 65 million to 82 million acres
of forestland are at high risk of wildfires. Last year, wildfires
burned 9.3 million acres while the U.S. Forest Service only harvested
approximately 200,000 acres. This means that 44 times as many acres
burned as were responsibly managed and harvested.
As an original cosponsor of H.R. 1526, I want to applaud Chairman
Hastings for his leadership and introduction of the bill. This
legislation will provide responsible timber production on forestlands
and does so in areas specifically identified by the agency.
Access and retaining the multiple-use mission of the Forest Service
is paramount to ensuring that our rural forest communities continue to
flourish and be viable.
At this time, Mr. Speaker, I'm pleased to recognize my good friend, a
Western Caucus colleague, Mr. Pearce.
Mr. PEARCE. I thank the gentleman from Pennsylvania for yielding and
for his work on behalf of H.R. 1526.
New Mexico is a home to multiple national forests. We see firsthand
the effect of our national Forest Service policy. Last year, in the
middle of the year, a fire broke out. It was about 4 acres for 2 or 3
days. The Forest Service's policy was basically ``let it burn.''
They let it burn for 3 or 4 days, had enough people to swat it out
with whisk brooms, when suddenly the winds got up, as they do in New
Mexico always, and blew that fire into 10,000 acres. It almost
immediately started burning down homes, 255 homes. It's at that point
we began to speak publicly about the Forest Service policies that would
create infernos in our western forests.
Formerly, we had a policy in the Forest Service of the 10 a.m. rule.
It was, if you get a fire, you put it out by 10 a.m. tomorrow. If
you're not successful by 10 a.m. tomorrow, then it's 10 a.m. the next
day. You dedicate all the resources you can to putting out the fire.
Those policies have been amended by current Forest Service Chief Tom
Tidwell into saying, We're going to let them burn. We're watching right
now wondering if the sequoias will survive this Forest Service policy.
Many of the forests in New Mexico and the West are not surviving.
Hundreds of millions of acres are at risk every year. It's not a matter
of if they will burn, but when.
As we talked publicly about Forest Service management policies during
that fire, then we started getting calls from individuals around the
country who had retired out of the Forest Service saying, Yes, keep
talking. We, as retired professionals, disagree with the current
philosophies in the Forest Service.
We invited one of those 30-year employees--Bill Derr--into our
district to run a congressional study and to come up with
recommendations. He basically had two, after months of study. He said
we should be mechanically thinning our forests--that is, logging in our
forests--and, secondly, returning to the 10 a.m. policy.
What are the downstream effects of bad Forest Service management?
First of all, we're losing the habitat for millions of species; we're
burning millions of species in the fire. These are endangered species
sometimes, but otherwise we're just killing lots of animals.
Also, we're destroying a watershed. In New Mexico, in the Whitewater-
Baldy fire, the forest around one of the lakes there that provides
drinking water for Alamogordo was at risk. The Forest Service said they
should clean it, and instead lawsuits were filed to stop that. The fire
burned right up to the edge of the lake, and the lake now has 50 feet
of fill in it. All the fish are
[[Page H5467]]
dead, starved for oxygen, exactly like the gentlelady from Wyoming
said. The streams are now filling with silt.
Forest Service personnel tell us we will be having to empty that lake
for the next 15 years. That's 15 years of dead fish; 15 years
downstream facing flooding; 15 years without the drinking water that
sustains a community of about 30,000. These are what we face.
Also, the West is starved for jobs because of Forest Service policy.
The original Organic Act, the act that created the U.S. Forest Service,
said that they should be logging to create local commerce and jobs and
they should be protecting the watershed. The U.S. Forest Service is
negligent on both of the underlying reasons for their existence. We in
the West are suffering lost education opportunities, destroyed habitat,
and destroyed forests. Those forests will not grow back for 100 years
according to the Forest Service personnel.
It's time for us to pass H.R. 1526. I support it.
Mr. THOMPSON of Pennsylvania. I would like to recognize the gentleman
from California (Mr. LaMalfa).
Mr. LaMALFA. Mr. Speaker, every year, rural America, especially the
western States and areas like mine in northern California, are in the
news. It's not for something good, but for something like we see going
on with so many of the wildfires around the country. There's no reason
for this. That's why I support this bill here today that would actually
make our forests perform for us, instead of being a detriment to us and
our health in California and the western States.
We can have either the type of air quality problems that are
happening--like in the central valley of California, for example, one
of my colleagues was talking about, although we've had challenges there
in recent years, they've actually improved things. The air quality
right now is much worse because of these fires than anything going on
by people or after the improvements that have gone on with other air
quality issues. In my own part of the State back in 2008, the whole
summer and into the fall, brown, dirty--including the areas close to
the fire--kids couldn't go outside because the quality was 10 times
above health levels for them to be safe.
We see our small communities that are devastated by an economy that
has shifted away due to forest management and Forest Service policies
that don't work for them. This legislation would allow our forests to
perform for us and help these economies, help the health of the forest,
the health of the people, and the health of the local economies to be
strong once again, and, as was mentioned earlier, our rural schools.
So let's do commonsense legislation instead of watching our forests
burn. I urge you to support this.
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