[Congressional Record Volume 157, Number 60 (Thursday, May 5, 2011)]
[House]
[Pages H3078-H3094]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
RESTARTING AMERICAN OFFSHORE LEASING NOW ACT
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Scalise). Pursuant to House Resolution
245 and rule XVIII, the Chair declares the House in the Committee of
the Whole House on the State of the Union for the consideration of the
bill, H.R. 1230.
{time} 1106
In the Committee of the Whole
Accordingly, the House resolved itself into the Committee of the
Whole House on the State of the Union for the consideration of the bill
(H.R. 1230) to require the Secretary of the Interior to conduct certain
offshore oil and gas lease sales, and for other purposes, with Mr.
Womack in the chair.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
The CHAIR. Pursuant to the rule, the bill is considered read the
first time.
The gentleman from Washington (Mr. Hastings) and the gentleman from
Massachusetts (Mr. Markey) each will control 30 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Washington.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as
I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, the national average price of gasoline has gone up 10
cents in just the last week, and is now about 1\1/2\ cents nationally
from $4 a gallon. By comparison, the price was $1.84 a gallon when
President Obama was sworn into office.
In my home district in Central Washington last week, I heard from
farmers, the foundation of our region's economy, who are finding it
harder and harder to pay these high energy prices. And I have no doubt
that my colleagues from other parts of the country have heard similar
stories from their constituents.
The pain being felt today has been exacerbated by the actions of this
administration, this administration which, for the past 2 years, has
repeatedly blocked, hindered, and raised the cost to access to our
American energy resources.
The House Natural Resources Committee recently passed three bills,
H.R. 1229, 1230, and 1231, with bipartisan support, all of which
reverse specific actions taken by the Obama administration to block
offshore energy production. These bills will increase American energy
production. They will create jobs, and they will lower energy prices.
These are the first of an array of bills that will be introduced by our
committee as part of the American energy initiative that will focus on
expanding renewable energy, onshore production, hydropower, coal,
critical minerals, and address offshore drilling revenue sharing and
other needed reforms.
Today we are debating H.R. 1230, the Restarting America Offshore
Leasing Now Act. This bill requires the Secretary of the Interior to
conduct oil and natural gas lease sales in the Gulf of Mexico and
offshore Virginia that have been delayed or canceled by this
administration.
{time} 1110
The Virginia lease sale, for example, was scheduled to happen this
year; but due to the Obama administration actions, the earliest this
lease sale could occur is now 2017.
This bill will create thousands of jobs and, according to CBO, it
will generate $40 million in new revenue to the Federal Government over
the next 10 years.
I will note that very soon after this bill passed out of committee,
with bipartisan support, the Obama administration announced that it
would move forward on one gulf lease sale. Prior to this sudden action,
the Obama administration was on course to make 2011 the first year
since 1958 that the Federal Government would not have held an offshore
lease sale.
Squeezing one conveniently timed offshore lease sale does not undo
the Obama administration's long track record of blocking and delaying
American energy production. This bill that we are considering today is
necessary to hold their feet to the fire and to ensure that these lease
sales move forward.
Americans instinctively understand the pain inflicted by rising
gasoline prices, but yet we continue to hear the same excuses on why we
shouldn't act. And let me give you several examples.
My colleagues across the aisle will say that expanding drilling will
do nothing to lower gasoline prices. The truth is, and this is the
important part, it will send a strong signal to the world markets that
the U.S. is serious about
[[Page H3079]]
producing our own resources and bringing more production, American
production, online. Furthermore, this argument has been used by
opponents to American energy production for decades. We can no longer
delay and prevent access to our own American resources.
My colleagues will also propose increasing taxes on American energy
production. Let me repeat that, Mr. Chairman. They will also propose
increasing taxes on American energy production. I have to ask: When has
raising taxes lowered the price of anything? And of course the answer
to that is never. And it won't happen with energy. Whether it is taxing
American energy producers or imposing a cap-and-trade national energy
tax, the Democrats' plan will only further increase the price at the
pump and ultimately cost jobs.
We are also likely to hear my colleagues reiterate the old ``use it
or lose it'' myth, claiming that there are thousands of acres of
nonproducing leases. Mr. Chairman, in reality, ``use it or lose it'' is
already the law of the land. The moment a company pays for and receives
a lease, the clock starts ticking. Leases have a time line. If action
doesn't occur on that lease, the lease is lost, according to the lease.
In addition, and this is important, too, only about one-third of the
leases contain oil or natural gas. Sometimes we think we are very
powerful, but one thing we can't do is mandate production where there
is no oil or natural gas.
And, finally, my colleagues will undoubtedly attempt to claim that
these bills ignore the need to ensure safety in offshore drilling.
Nobody has forgotten the tragic Deepwater Horizon accident. And I hear
that especially from Members of the gulf, and, Mr. Chairman, I heard
that when I was down at the gulf at a hearing only 2 weeks ago.
However, we must not forget the fact of the economic threat that high
gasoline prices have to our economy and our need to move forward.
The administration has slowly started to issue deepwater permits in
the Gulf of Mexico, which is in direct recognition, by the way, that it
can be done safely and responsibly or they wouldn't have done it. Yet
my colleagues act as if nothing has changed at all as far as safety
reforms. But by doing so, they are completely ignoring reality and the
actions of their own party's administration.
They are ignoring the facts that regulations have been enhanced and
strengthened; that standards have increased; and that new technologies
have been developed, tested, and deployed. And, I might add, Mr.
Chairman, we heard this at the hearing that I alluded to a moment ago
in Houma, Louisiana, 2 weeks ago.
Furthermore, H.R. 1229, which we will debate next week, improves
safety by making two reforms to current law. Number one, it requires
that the Secretary issue a permit to drill; and, two, requires that the
Secretary conduct safety reviews. Neither of those provisions are in
current law today.
In 2008, the last time gasoline prices reached $4 a gallon, Congress
stepped up to the challenge and took bold action to end a decades-long
ban on new offshore drilling. Although this administration has
effectively reimposed that ban, the American people are once again
calling on Congress to act. By passing H.R. 1230 today, Congress can
show the American people that we have heard their concerns and that we
are taking actions.
So I urge my colleagues to vote in favor of the bill that will create
American jobs, lower gasoline prices, and strengthen energy
independence.
I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield myself such time as I may consume.
One year ago today, we were 2 weeks into the BP oil spill in the Gulf
of Mexico. We were 2 weeks into what would ultimately become the worst
environmental disaster in our Nation's history, with more than 4
million barrels of oil spilling into the Gulf. And since that disaster,
we have learned many things about the safety of offshore drilling.
We learned that the blowout preventer that the oil industry touted as
fail-safe could in fact be sure to fail if an actual blowout was under
way. We learned that the only technology the oil industry had been
relying upon in the event of a spill was a Xerox machine. The spill
response plans for major companies were so similar that they contained
plans to evacuate walruses from the Gulf of Mexico even though the
walruses had not called the Gulf home in more than 3 million years. And
they were such dead ringers for each other that they contained the same
name and phone number of the same long-deceased expert.
We learned that the oil companies had neither the resources nor the
ability to stop a deepwater blowout. BP spill response included an
attempt to shoot golf balls and bits of rubber into the well. When we
were told that the industry was relying on the most sophisticated
technologies, we assumed that they meant technologies developed by MIT
and not the PGA.
And we learned from an independent BP spill commission that the root
causes of the Deepwater Horizon disaster were ``systemic'' to the
entire oil and gas industry.
And yet here we are debating legislation that would do nothing to
improve the safety of offshore drilling and could actually make
drilling less safe. The legislation before us represents a return to
the pre-spill mentality of speed over safety.
H.R. 1230 would force the Interior Department to rush to hold new
lease sales in the Gulf of Mexico by ``deeming'' the shoddy
environmental analysis conducted by the Bush administration's Mineral
Management Service before the BP spill as sufficient for future lease
sales in the Gulf.
Just looking at some of the conclusions contained within the Bush
administration's 2007 environmental analysis exposes the absurdity of
deeming this work as sufficient for new leasing in the wake of the
Deepwater Horizon disaster.
In its 2007 multisale Environmental Impact Statement completed in
April of 2007, the Interior Department determined, ``The most likely
size of an offshore spill greater than or equal to 1,000 barrels that
is predicted to occur is 4,600 barrels'' of oil. The BP Deepwater
Horizon disaster led to more than 4 million barrels spilling into the
Gulf. That is 1,000 times the size of the largest spill this analysis
concluded was likely to occur.
In 2007, MMS analysis concluded that the total volume of oil that
would be spilled from all spills in the central and western Gulf over
the next 40 years would be roughly 47,000 barrels of oil. That is less
than what was spilled in the Deepwater Horizon in 1 day.
MMS concluded that, in 2007, a worst-case scenario, only 19 to 31
miles of Gulf coastline would be impacted by a spill. The Deepwater
Horizon disaster resulted in oil reaching over 950 miles of Gulf
coastline.
{time} 1120
And MMS determined that a deepwater blow-off would not present a
cleanup problem because the oil would rise in the water column,
surfacing almost directly over the source location, but in fact the oil
spewing from the ocean floor remained in enormous subsurface plumes
that spread across the Gulf.
The Obama administration is already moving forward to hold these
lease sales in the Gulf later this year and early next year, and they
are going to be more responsible. Even the Congressional Budget Office
analysis of H.R. 1230 concludes, ``CBO estimates that implementing the
bill would have no significant impact on proceeds from lease sales in
the Gulf of Mexico because the proposed schedule is similar to the plan
included in the DOI's budget for 2011.''
So, really, all the majority is accomplishing with this legislation
is ensuring that we don't do any new environmental review of the
impacts of these lease sales. Instead of actually reviewing the lessons
of the BP spill, the majority wants to lessen the environmental review.
In addition, this legislation would force the Department to move
forward with a lease off of the coast of Virginia within one year.
Well, I have very bad news for the majority. The overwhelming majority
of the area that would comprise this lease sale would infringe on
critical training areas for the U.S. Navy. The Department of Defense
concluded that 78 percent of the area offered in the Virginia lease
sale would occur where military operations would be impeded by drilling
structures and related activities. Moreover,
[[Page H3080]]
much of the remaining area is comprised of a major shipping channel.
This bill is really a solution in search of a problem. The bottom
line is that oil production is at its highest level in nearly a decade
and natural gas production is at record levels. We should instead be
debating legislation that would protect the lives and the livelihoods
of the people in the Gulf and that could actually help consumers at the
pump this summer.
I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to
the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Goodlatte).
Mr. GOODLATTE. Mr. Chairman, I rise to engage the chairman in a
colloquy.
Chairman Hastings, as you know, I am committed to ensuring that
revenue-sharing of the benefits of OCS development are returned to
those coastal States where drilling is occurring or may occur, like
Virginia. Can you share with me and other Members of this body whether
this will be addressed by the committee?
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Will the gentleman yield?
Mr. GOODLATTE. I yield to the gentleman.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. I thank the gentleman for yielding.
The answer is that it will absolutely be a focus and a priority. When
I first introduced the bill before us today, I stated that these are
only the first steps in this Congress' efforts to increase American
energy production.
The committee will continue to move forward on an array of bills that
will be introduced in advance as part of the American Energy
Initiative. Coming soon will be bills focused on expanding renewable
energy, offshore production, onshore production, hydropower, coal,
critical minerals and revenue sharing.
Today, only a few select States receive revenue sharing from OCS
activities. This committee will be working to reform OCS revenues to
ensure that there is a fair treatment to all States that produce oil
and gas in the OCS. Revenue sharing will be a priority, and action will
be forthcoming.
Mr. GOODLATTE. I thank the chairman for his comments. I commend him
for this legislation, and I support it.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. At this time, I would like to yield 1\1/
2\ minutes to the distinguished chairman of the Energy and Commerce
Committee, the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Upton).
Mr. UPTON. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Most Americans understand the concept of supply and demand, and in
fact a third of oil now comes from the gulf. The Department of Energy's
information agency tells us that last year's production in the gulf was
20 percent less than projected in 2007, and in 2012 we are going to be
getting a half a million barrels a day decline in production from 2010.
What happens when the production goes down and the demand goes up?
The price goes up--way up. Add to that the uncertainty and the unrest
in the Middle East, and there is no surprise that we have gas prices at
$4 and $5 now in this country, and who knows where they are headed.
This legislation, if we pass it today and get it enacted, helps turn
the key to unlocking the door on domestic energy production. This
legislation is not about new lease sales. It is simply catches up with
the leases already approved.
Let's pass it.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield 2 minutes to the ranking member of the
subcommittee, the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Holt).
Mr. HOLT. I thank my friend from Massachusetts.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong opposition to H.R. 1230.
This is the first in the Republican ``amnesia acts'' that ignore what
happened last year in the Gulf of Mexico. It would force the Department
of Interior to rush into holding new lease sales in the Gulf of Mexico
and off the coast of Virginia, not far from New Jersey, I might add,
even though Congress has not enacted a single piece of legislation to
improve the safety of offshore drilling.
The President's spill commission reported that offshore drilling in
U.S. waters is four times more deadly than drilling elsewhere in the
world, even for the same companies. Clearly there is a safety problem
that must be addressed.
And I must emphasize, because they have talked about it again and
again, they are talking about high oil prices, high prices at the pump.
We feel it. Everybody in America feels it. Do they address it? No, they
do not address gasoline prices. It actually accelerates handouts to Big
Oil, this legislation does.
In addition to being silent on safety concerns, this prohibits any
further environmental review in the gulf based on the lessons learned
from the Deepwater Horizon last year. That tragedy exposed the woefully
inadequate ways in which the environmental reviews had been done in the
Gulf of Mexico.
Need I remind the Speaker or the majority that there are no walruses
to protect in the Gulf of Mexico? As you heard from Mr. Markey, that is
the level of quality in the environmental review that they want to
apply from here on out. The analysis assumed that blowout preventers
were capable of preventing blowouts. We know now, we have learned, they
are not. The post-spill investigations have clearly demonstrated that
the assumptions of the environmental review are not sufficient. I will
offer an amendment shortly to drop the language that would deem this
environmental review to be adequate.
Despite the poor safety and environmental record accumulated in the
gulf, H.R. 1230 recklessly puts the Atlantic coast at risk.
The CHAIR. The time of the gentleman has expired.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield the gentleman 30 additional seconds.
Mr. HOLT. H.R. 1230 recklessly puts the Atlantic coast at risk of
experiencing an oil spill such as what we have seen before. That is why
I call this an ``amnesia act.'' There are two more bills we will be
seeing here on the floor that are similar.
This is not in the interest of the U.S. consumer, it is not in the
interest of fishermen, it is not in the interest of coastal residents.
This is not in the interest of America.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 2
minutes to the gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Lamborn), the chairman of
the subcommittee dealing with this legislation.
Mr. LAMBORN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
This bill is the first step for Republicans to bring a new energy
policy to this country, the American Energy Initiative. Look at this
chart. It says it all. Under Barack Obama and his regulators, the
average price of gasoline in this country has gone up from $1.84 a
gallon when he took office to just under $4. Under his watch, gasoline
has more than doubled. We need more supply, and everyone agrees it
should be our own energy, not foreign. Under the law of supply and
demand, which my friends across the aisle have not found a way to
repeal, more supply means lower prices, in addition to thousands of
more jobs for Americans and billions of revenue dollars for the
Treasury.
H.R. 1230 requires that four promising lease sale areas, three in the
gulf and one off Virginia, must be opened up for production. No more
stonewalling by this administration and extreme environmentalists.
After this bill came out of my committee and the full Natural Resources
Committee, this administration belatedly said it would start action on
one of these four lease areas. If the only way we can get action is to
shame them into it, Republicans will do so. If the administration still
refuses, we will do our best to force action by changing the law.
This bill is the first step to get gasoline prices down. The American
people deserve no less.
Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Oregon (Mr. DeFazio).
Mr. DeFAZIO. We are headed toward $4.25, $4.50 a gallon by Memorial
Day, the usual oil company run-up when the driving season starts,
crushing the dreams of American families, small businesses, and our
economic recovery. But, hey, the profits are up. It's good.
{time} 1130
Republicans say, It's just supply and demand. It's simple. So if we
add a small increment to future domestic supply, 5 or 10 years from
now, that will bring down the price.
[[Page H3081]]
No, it won't. Remember, it's a world price commodity. In fact, supply
is up. The U.S. has 12.6 million more barrels in storage than the 5-
year average. Demand is down. Americans can't afford the price and the
economy is depressed. Libyan lost production has been made up by the
Saudis. Every gallon of that has been made up.
So what is really going on? Well, it's market manipulation, price
gouging, profiteering and speculation. But the Republicans won't take
on their benefactors from Big Oil and Wall Street. Even Goldman Sachs
says that $20 a barrel is excessive speculation. Twenty dollars a
barrel. That's 60 cents a gallon. We could stop that tomorrow. Put a
tax on speculators. Or encourage the Commodity Futures Trading
Commission to regulate what you're trying to block. But you're not
going to do that because, hey, that would upset the speculators on Wall
Street who are making a fortune.
On the NYMEX Exchange, 45 percent of the trades in one day were
driven by computers. They traded twice the world's daily oil
consumption, by computer, in one day, driving up the price, and the
Republicans say, Oh, it's supply and demand.
It's not supply and demand. It's market manipulation. It's price
gouging. It's speculation. Do something about it. Those tools are
before us.
Yeah, if you want to have a debate about future domestic supply from
natural gas or offshore drilling or biodiesel or whatever, let's have
that debate. If you want to get people relief this year, save our
economic recovery, save American families, then take on Wall Street,
take on Big Oil, take on the speculators. Or I guess you're afraid they
won't contribute to your next campaign.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the
gentleman from California (Mr. McClintock).
Mr. McCLINTOCK. I thank the gentleman for yielding.
Mr. Chairman, fortunately the vast majority of the American people
and the majority of this House recognize that it is long past time to
put American energy independence and prosperity first.
By opening up these resources, we assure energy abundance for the
next generation. We begin to arrest the ruinous increase in prices at
the pump. We assure productive, high-paying jobs, not only for the
thousands of American workers directly employed in the industry but for
many times more the employees in support and spin-off jobs. We assure
billions of dollars of oil royalties paid directly into this Nation's
Treasury at a time when the Treasury is empty. We assure that our
growing reliance on foreign sources is reversed.
To those who are clamoring for more tax revenues, this is the healthy
way to get them, by removing the impediments that have prevented a
prosperous and expanding economy. It is prosperity and prosperity alone
that creates tax revenues.
With this measure, we begin to change the policies that have produced
the pathetic and self-inflicted spectacle of the most energy rich
nation in the world importing most of its energy.
Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Virginia (Mr. Moran).
Mr. MORAN. Well, we certainly know that our constituents are paying
too much at the pump, but we also know where that money's going. Almost
$30 billion, just in the last 3 months, went to the top three oil
companies, Exxon, Shell and BP. Remember BP? Over $7 billion just this
quarter in profit, not revenue, pure profit. And that's after the
American taxpayer, which we say we're so concerned about, shelled out
$5 billion in subsidies to the oil and gas companies. That's profit of
more than $100 billion on an annual basis. That's where the money's
going.
And within that profit, not revenue, profit, we're talking about,
what do they do with it? Ninety percent of it is used for stock
buybacks and dividends to enrich the executives and the shareholders
and to spend on TV advertising to convince the American public they're
spending on just the opposite. Ten percent is going for drilling
exploration.
Now what this legislation would do is to bring us back to a period of
even weaker regulation than we had before the gulf oil spill. Imagine,
it just happened, 200 million gallons of oil spilled into the Gulf
Coast waters, and now we want to make the governing regulations weaker
than they were before the spill. And then we want to open up the area
off the shore of Virginia where thousands and thousands of jobs are
dependent upon the naval operations that take place in those waters
which would not be able to be conducted if we go ahead and drill in
these waters. Plus much of the remaining 22 percent is devoted to
shipping lanes for two of our busiest commercial ports, Hampton Roads
and Baltimore. Do we really want to jeopardize those thousands of jobs,
not to mention the thousands of jobs in fishing and tourism in places
like Virginia Beach?
We should be about creating jobs, not jeopardizing jobs and
protecting our environment, not despoiling it. Defeat this bill.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. I would just note that the two Democrat
Senators from Virginia and the Governor of this State are in favor of
this legislation.
With that, Mr. Chairman, I am more than happy to yield 1 minute to
the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Johnson).
Mr. JOHNSON of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in strong support of
the Restarting American Offshore Leasing Now Act.
Last night, I held a telephone town hall with hundreds of my
constituents. The overwhelming concern was about the high price of gas.
Seniors, students, working families and small business owners want to
know what we're doing to help lower fuel costs. They want us to stop
being dependent on foreign energy and start really developing America's
resources. Today, we're doing that.
Unfortunately, our colleagues across the aisle believe that raising
taxes on oil companies will somehow lower the price of gas. This defies
both logic and common sense. Not only would raising taxes ensure job
losses in America but it would also result in the increase of America's
dependence on foreign sources of oil. Raising taxes on American energy
companies would give a competitive advantage to the Russian, Chinese
and OPEC countries that are operating without anti-growth, anti-self-
sufficient energy policies.
Mr. Chairman, my constituents in southeastern and eastern Ohio
understand the negative impact that these proposed tax increases would
have on gas prices and they oppose these efforts. I strongly encourage
all of my colleagues to support the Restarting American Offshore
Leasing Now Act that will help put our country on the path to energy
security.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield 2 minutes to the gentlelady from Santa Barbara,
California (Mrs. Capps).
Mrs. CAPPS. I thank my colleague for yielding.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong opposition to this oil spill amnesia
bill that threatens our coastal communities.
H.R. 1230 is a collection of bad ideas. It mandates that the
administration offer new lease sales, even though they say they're not
prepared to properly oversee them. The bill sidesteps safety and
environmental reviews, acting as if the Nation's worst oil spill in
history never happened. And, it pushes a failed energy plan that pours
billions of dollars into already overstuffed oil industry coffers.
The only thing it adds up to, Mr. Chairman, is a false promise. The
truth is the Republican majority is hoping to delude the public into
believing that this rush to new offshore drilling will provide a quick
fix to high gas prices, but the harsh reality is this: The U.S. is
never going to have control over world oil supplies or gas prices
through drilling. We simply don't have the oil reserves, no matter how
much we drill. What we do have is the ability to control prices by
lowering our consumption, and that's just what we're starting to do.
For example, the EIA's latest report says we're lowering oil usage
thanks in part to the President's fuel savings standards. We will get
control over our energy future by making more cars that go further on a
gallon of gas and bringing new types of fuel supplies to the table. If
in 10 or 20 years oil and gas are still the focus of our energy debate,
then we have miserably failed. We will have followed the path that
George W. Bush and Dick Cheney charted, and we've seen where that
leads: high gas
[[Page H3082]]
prices and billions in oil company profits.
It's about time we break free from our addiction to oil. I urge a
``no'' vote on this misleading bill that accelerates new dirty and
dangerous drilling.
{time} 1140
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, may I inquire how much time
remains on both sides.
The Acting CHAIR (Mr. Bass of New Hampshire). The gentleman from
Washington has 16\3/4\ minutes remaining, and the gentleman from
Massachusetts has 16 minutes remaining.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
New Mexico (Mr. Pearce).
Mr. PEARCE. I rise today in strong support of H.R. 1230, a bill that
will restart American jobs.
The current 5-year lease plan would have allowed for the sale of four
leases, one off the coast of Virginia and three in the Gulf of Mexico.
The President and his agencies are continuing to block these sales.
It's time to stop that blocking.
We're talking about jobs. The Nation is faced with 8 to 9 percent
continuing unemployment. The jobs offshore are good, high-paying jobs--
$400 a day, $50,000 per year. Recently, the President had strong
rhetoric to Georgetown University, saying that he's going to increase
oil and gas production in America. Yet the administration's actions are
moving us the opposite direction.
Tax increases kill jobs. That's an economic truth. Our friends across
the aisle want to kill American jobs by raising taxes at a time when
unemployment is too high, when we're dependent on too much foreign oil.
In his speech last month at Georgetown, President Obama said, ``The
fact of the matter is, is that for quite some time, America is going to
be still dependent on oil in making its economy work. We're exploring
and assessing new frontiers for oil and gas developments from Alaska to
the Mid- and South Atlantic States.''
Mr. Chairman, we are with this bill giving the President the bill
that he is saying that he's going to implement. Now let him sign it.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Vermont (Mr.
Welch).
Mr. WELCH. I thank the gentleman.
Imagine what we could do for the American consumer at the pump if we
stopped lobbing rhetorical grenades back and forth and decided to focus
on the concrete things that it is within our power to do today that
would lower the price at the pump. There's three things.
One, why are we giving tax breaks to oil companies? You do have to
wonder. A trillion dollars in profits. Nothing wrong with that. But do
they really need to reach into the pocket of the American consumer and
get $40 billion on top of that? That's number one.
Number two, have the futures market be about protecting the consumer,
not enriching the hedge fund Wall Street speculator. It is astonishing
what's going on. And it's so bad that even Goldman Sachs acknowledges
that at least $27 on the price of a $110 barrel of oil is about
speculation. Why in the world do we allow that? Because every time you
and I go to the pump, our constituents go to the pump, they're paying
for Wall Street and they're paying for tax breaks to oil companies.
The third thing we can do, and we can do it short-term, is go into
the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Two Republican Presidents and one
Democratic President have done that with great effect--lowering the
price 33 percent, 19 percent, and 9 percent. It gives immediate relief
to the consumer at the pump.
We can do this together if the agenda is about doing something for
your constituent and mine and not just having this political food
fight. End speculation, end the tax breaks, and go into that asset
belonging to all of us, the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and bring
prices down immediately.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 1
minute to the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Duncan), a member of
the Natural Resources Committee.
Mr. DUNCAN of South Carolina. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, for your
leadership on this issue.
Our friends across the aisle here want us to use this debate today to
demagogue this issue and demonize American energy producers. Let us
refocus on what this debate is really about today.
Mr. Chairman, this administration's policy of drill there, not here,
has helped produce the record gas prices that we are facing today.
Rather than fueling our economy with American energy independence, this
administration has fueled overseas oil producers by shutting off
domestic exploration. And now, today, we hear the other party tell us
that raising taxes on American energy production will somehow make
prices go down. This is insane, Mr. Chairman, as any economist can tell
you.
We need to end the de facto moratorium in the Gulf of Mexico on the
permits there. We need to reopen the West to exploration. We need to
open up ANWR for exploration. We need to allow American entrepreneurs
to do the work of the free market and get this economy moving again.
Energy production is a segue to job creation. This bill will begin
the process of releasing the potential of American energy. This means
tens of thousands of American jobs producing American energy for
American households and businesses.
I urge my colleagues to help this economy. Pass this bill, and let's
put Americans back to work producing American energy.
God bless you. God bless America.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield myself 3 minutes.
This is the wrong debate to be having here today. The Republicans are
debating more drilling without more safety even though the BP spill
commission that examined what went wrong last year concluded that there
was a ``systemic'' failure in our country to deal with the safety
issues that confront the offshore drilling industry. In fact, they
concluded that there are four times greater fatalities in drilling for
oil off the shores of the United States than there are in Europe--four
times more fatalities. We should be number one in drilling but we
should be number one in safety as well.
What the Republicans are doing here today is they are saying that
they believe in ``all of the above.'' But the truth is that with this
bill they are saying once again it is really an agenda of ``oil above
all.'' They have nothing out here on renewable energy resources--wind,
solar, biomass, geothermal, plug-in hybrids, all-electric vehicles.
None of that is part of their debate. They just go back to the same old
agenda of oil above all.
And do we need to give more to the oil industry? We have $10 billion
in profits for ExxonMobil in January, February, and March--$10 billion
they made. Shell, $8 billion; BP, $7 billion; Chevron, $6 billion;
ConocoPhillips, $3 billion. Shouldn't we talk a little bit about safety
as we're talking about new drilling off of our shorelines? But no,
that's not the Republican agenda.
Should we be talking about taking away the tax breaks from the oil
industry, the $40 billion which the American taxpayer gives to the oil
industry? Do we really need to have the oil industry in the consumers'
pocket at the gas pump and then in their other pocket as taxpayers to
give even more money to ExxonMobil? That's what the Republicans should
bring out here for a debate. They do not do that.
The New York Mercantile Exchange, that's where they trade for oil
futures. Computerized Program Trading is now 45 percent of the oil
futures trading on the commodities-futures trading floor of the New
York Mercantile Exchange.
What do the Republicans do to deal with the fact that it has turned
into a crude oil casino where gambling is going on as the speculators
of our country and the world look at Saudi Arabia, look at Libya, as
the price of oil skyrockets, as Goldman Sachs concludes that $20 a
barrel in the increase of the price of oil just comes from the
speculation, from the gambling that's going on in the NYMEX? You might
as well put ``Las Vegas'' over the New York Mercantile Exchange. It is
a crude oil casino, ladies and gentlemen. What do the Republicans do?
They have slashed the budget for the Commodities Futures Trading
Commission, who are the cops on the beat. They're
[[Page H3083]]
saying we need fewer cops to police these speculators. They slash the
wind and solar budget by 70 percent in their budget that just passed
last month.
The Acting CHAIR. The time of the gentleman has expired.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield myself an additional 30 seconds.
This is their agenda. Nothing on safety; nothing on wind and solar;
nothing on corralling the speculators. And what do they say? What they
say is they're going to in fact go into the Medicare budget of Grandma
and Grandpa and cut their programs and then put an oil rig on top of
Medicare to suck out the money like a pipeline out of the pockets of
Grandma and Grandpa and put it into the profits of the oil industry
with more tax breaks for them, even as they report the greatest profits
in the history of any companies in the history of the world.
Ladies and gentlemen, vote ``no'' on this legislation.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 2 minutes.
Mr. Chairman, sometimes I am absolutely baffled by the rhetoric that
I hear here. Let me remind my colleagues that 2\1/2\ years ago, in
2008, when gasoline prices went to $4 a gallon, we Republicans came
into the House, even though we weren't in session, and talked about the
potential resources that we have in this country to make America self-
sufficient. And the American people got it. They got it and they said,
you know, we ought to utilize those resources. And they said we should
drill; we should drill in the Outer Continental Shelf and we should
drill onshore.
{time} 1150
The American people get it. Yet the rhetoric we're hearing here is
entirely different from the economic issues that we face. Here is the
whole point:
When America ended the moratoria on offshore drilling, the prices
went down. See, that has never been explained by the other side, but
it's pretty darned obvious. When you send a signal to the markets that
you're serious about becoming less dependent on foreign energy, the
markets respond. They responded 2\1/2\ years ago, and they will respond
the same way. Yet all we hear from this side is you have to have a
bogeyman. There has to be a bogeyman. Everybody is against us.
Baloney. The market is what drives the price of oil, and it's in our
best interest in this country to become less dependent on foreign
energy, and that's what these three bills do.
I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. HOLT. I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New
York (Mr. Tonko).
Mr. TONKO. I thank the gentleman for his leadership on this issue and
for yielding me time.
Let there be no doubt, Americans are worried about the price of
gasoline; and its recent spike has, once again, put us on notice. Yet
this bill that relieves regulation provides the wrong tools.
Americans know we can do better. We cannot afford to mindlessly give
billions of dollars to Big Oil companies while they make record
profits. In the short term, we must ensure that speculators and Wall
Street quit playing games with the price of oil. Finally, we must
provide motorists with fueling options at the pump. It is
unconscionable that we would give $4 billion of taxpayer money to Big
Oil companies this year alone while they're on track to make nearly
$100 billion in profits in 2011. With prices this high, does Big Oil
really need even more money? Taxpayers know they don't, and taxpayers
are hit twice with taxes on gasoline--once at the pump and once on tax
day. This must end.
We can help consumers at the pump by going after Wall Street
speculators who drive up the cost of oil. We can increase mileage
standards, and it's entirely reasonable that they could reach 60 miles
per gallon by the year 2025. Also, we can invest in fueling options so
that consumers can choose the lowest alternative.
High gas prices are painful. They are painful to American families;
they are painful to seniors living on fixed incomes; and they are
painful to small businesses; and the Big Oil subsidies that accompany
them are painful for our Nation's economy as it recovers from the Bush
recession. Let's end these Big Oil giveaways to some of the most
profitable companies in the world, and let's provide drivers with
alternatives--fueling options, better vehicles--and create the clean-
energy jobs of the future.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 1
minute to the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Benishek), a valuable member
of the House Natural Resources Committee.
Mr. BENISHEK. Mr. Chairman, this morning, a gallon of gasoline in my
hometown of Iron River, Michigan, was $4.29. Unfortunately, most people
are plagued with the fact of knowing that prices are going to go up
even further in the next few weeks.
I believe that we in Congress know that there is no silver bullet
that is going to lower prices at the pump. However, we have a
responsibility here to craft policy and to pass legislation that will
increase the supply of crude oil that will be produced here at home. As
Members of Congress, it is our duty to take these actions to help
lessen the pain of these prices on our families in Michigan and
throughout the country.
Mr. Chairman, we need to find a long-term solution to high fuel
prices. I believe that the full-day markup we held in committee last
month was the first step and that passing this bill today will be the
next step, but we have many further steps to take.
Mr. HOLT. Mr. Chairman, I now yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Maryland (Mr. Sarbanes), one of the most thoughtful members of the
Natural Resources Committee.
Mr. SARBANES. I thank the gentleman for yielding.
I oppose the legislation, which would really open in a wholesale
fashion very sensitive areas to offshore drilling. We have to take a
lot of care when it comes to doing this offshore drilling, and I don't
think that this bill exercises that care.
During the committee's consideration of the bill, I put forward an
amendment that would strike that section of the bill that authorizes
drilling off the coast of Virginia. I did this because of my concern of
the potential impact of a spill in the Chesapeake Bay, which, of
course, is a treasure for Marylanders and for all those who live in the
Chesapeake Bay watershed. The Chesapeake Bay is really the soul of my
State of Maryland. It's a national treasure in so many ways.
As for the Virginia parcel, which is called Lease Sale 220 and is a
lease parcel that the Republicans would like to put back into play with
their bill, when you look at it, about 78 percent of that parcel you
have to immediately take off the table because it would occur in areas
where military operations would be impeded.
I want to thank my colleague, Gerry Connolly from Virginia, for
putting forward an amendment on this bill which would shift the burden
and say the Department of Defense has to affirmatively conclude that
you will not impede these kinds of military operations in order to
drill.
So you take that out of the equation. Then when you take another
chunk of it out because you need to keep commercial shipping lanes
open, what you're left with is about 10 percent of the parcel that you
could actually drill on, and what you could get from that would only
supply the demand of the country for one day. So you'd be putting at
risk this valuable, sensitive Chesapeake Bay and all of the surrounding
areas for getting one day's worth of energy production.
That just doesn't make sense, and I think it undermines the bill on a
wholesale basis. It shows that this is not put forward in a way that is
sensible. For that reason, I oppose the legislation.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 2
minutes to another valuable member of the Natural Resources Committee,
the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Wittman).
Mr. WITTMAN. I would like to thank the chairman of the committee for
his leadership and work and for making sure we are addressing the
energy needs of this Nation.
Mr. Chairman, Virginia has the opportunity to develop offshore energy
in an environmentally friendly and responsible manner. Like any
industrial or commercial activity, energy production has its risks.
However, those risks have been significantly mitigated, and offshore
energy production can be conducted in a safe and responsible manner.
Unfortunately, the administration
[[Page H3084]]
has halted any further oil and gas development in the Atlantic Ocean.
Our economy continues to struggle, and any further increase in energy
prices will exacerbate that struggle to regain its footing as
unemployment hovers at 9 percent. The unrest in the Middle East and in
North Africa continues to threaten this Nation's energy security. The
failure to promptly address our energy needs could negatively impact
the U.S. economy, could stall any recovery, and continue to affect
national security.
Energy production offshore of the Commonwealth would create thousands
of jobs and generate much needed revenue to reduce the deficit. The
Department of the Interior has calculated that Virginia could produce
500 million barrels of oil and 2.5 trillion cubic feet of natural gas,
natural gas being one of the most economically viable and
environmentally friendly sources of fossil fuels. A recent study by ICF
International concluded that offshore energy production in Virginia
would create 1,888 new jobs and generate $19.5 billion in Federal,
State, and local revenues.
I can tell you, in Virginia, as we struggle to find dollars to clean
up the Chesapeake Bay and as we struggle to find dollars for
transportation, those dollars are much needed. Virginia can lead the
Nation in improving our energy security and in reducing our reliance on
foreign oil. To do that, we must reinstate the planned offshore oil and
natural gas lease sale.
With that, I urge my colleagues to support this measure.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Virginia (Mr.
Connolly).
{time} 1200
Mr. CONNOLLY of Virginia. I thank my colleague.
Mr. Chairman, I hate to say it, but what we're hearing here on the
floor of the House of Representatives in defense of this legislation is
snake oil. Somehow the hard-pressed commuters and consumers of gasoline
in this country are supposed to believe that if today we unleash all
possibility of oil drilling, gas drilling offshore the continental
United States, we're going to be producing thousands of barrels of oil.
False. We're going to reduce the price of oil today? Equally false. In
fact, there's plenty of evidence that the market that drives oil is
relatively inelastic.
We heard earlier today on the floor of this House, driving is down,
demand is down, supply is up, but so are prices. In fact, if you look
at this chart, there's an eerie correlation between oil profits and the
spike in the price of gasoline charged to our hard-pressed consumers in
the United States.
The other side wants you to believe in a smokescreen that somehow
their tax subsidy being changed or lifted by our side of the aisle
would, in fact, further increase the price of oil. They have low taxes.
They have low royalties. They have record profits. How has that worked
out for the average driver in America? It's produced record gasoline
prices.
The Republican policy that will be enshrined today in this
legislation has produced these profits and those costs for the average
consumer in America. It is wrong, and to argue otherwise is selling
snake oil.
I urge the defeat of this legislation on behalf of the consumers of
America.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Washington State
(Mr. Inslee).
(Mr. INSLEE asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. INSLEE. Mr. Chair, we should oppose this bill not because it is
too strong, but because it is too weak. Americans do need relief from
$4 a gallon gasoline, and they are not going to get it from this bill
either in the short term or the long term. The reason they won't get
relief in the short term is we're not drilling in the right places. We
need to drill speculators, not just wells. Even Goldman Sachs
recognizes that a significant portion of the huge spike in prices is
due to rampant speculation in the market, but this bill doesn't do a
single thing about that short-term reason for this short-term price. We
need to drill speculators, not just wells.
But, secondly, in the long term, this bill does not give us what we
need. My friends across the aisle told us they were going to give us an
all-of-the-above energy strategy. They haven't given us an all-of-the-
above strategy. They are just giving an all-of-the-below strategy,
because the only thing they are thinking about are these archaic
technologies of drilling holes in the ground.
We use 25 percent of the world's oil. We only have 3 percent of the
world's oil supply, even if we drill in Yellowstone National Park. The
dinosaurs just didn't die underneath our feet. We need new supplies of
energy, of electricity, camalena-based biofuels from Targeted Growth in
Seattle, advanced forms of algae-based biofuels from Sapphire Energy
and General Atomic and other companies.
We need new sources of energy, not just below our feet but above our
feet, and in our minds where we get the intellect to invent these
technologies. That's an all-of-the-above strategy. Let's do what we can
do to give real short-term relief. Defeat this bill, and we will get a
comprehensive energy policy for this country.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, at this time I am very
pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Arizona (Mr. Flake).
Mr. FLAKE. I thank the gentleman for yielding. I won't take 2
minutes.
I've been listening to part of the discussion here, and it just
strikes me that when you see graphics with an oil rig sucking money out
of Social Security or Medicare or whatever that was, you know that you
have gone beyond the realm of what is logical for a debate or the real
facts about what this legislation does.
The bottom line is that it will make it easier for us to become more
energy independent, not completely energy independent--it can't go that
far--but it will make us more independent than we were before. It will
create an environment where jobs can be created by the private sector.
It will help, over time, to lower the price of gasoline because it will
create more supply in the end. That's what it does. It doesn't put a
big oil rig on the top of Medicare and suck money from our seniors.
Come on.
This is just a measure to help the situation, to make it better.
We've locked off too many areas to oil drilling, and we've not
exploited our own supply enough to help bring down price and to help
consumers out there in the world.
So that's all this does, and I commend the gentleman for bringing it
forward. I urge support for it.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr.
Holt).
Mr. HOLT. I thank my friend, Mr. Markey, for yielding.
This is about Big Oil handouts, pure and simple. There are no lessons
learned, no lessons applied with regard to safety or protection of the
environment. You know, if these companies were energy companies, as
they like to say, they would invest more in producing sustainable,
clean energy alternatives.
In the long run, we all know it. We've got to face the facts. We've
got to break our addiction to oil; and if the majority, the authors of
this legislation, really wanted to help the motorists, the consumers,
they would address speculation. They would end the speculation. They
would end the tax giveaways. They would use the strategic oil reserve
to short-circuit speculation. The oil companies are not energy
companies. They are fleecing machines.
The greatest profits of any corporation in history--and you heard me
say a few minutes ago--that the biggest of them, Exxon, had an
effective tax rate of about 0.4 percent. This will not help the
consumer.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I am very pleased to yield
2 minutes to the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. Landry).
Mr. LANDRY. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
I ran down here to thank my colleagues in this Chamber for finally
doing what the American people have been asking them to do and to start
the process of stopping to kick the energy problem can in this country
down the road. Finally, we're going to take the steps necessary to put
people back to work and to start America down a path of affordable
domestic energy.
Now, they say that we're robbing Grandma and Grandpa. Grandma and
[[Page H3085]]
Grandpa hold stock in those energy companies. Down in Louisiana,
Grandma and Grandpa's grandsons and grandchildren work in an industry
that provides that energy. Right now, they don't have a job. They're
being laid off, or they're being sent to Brazil or Africa or the Middle
East to drill for oil out there, while we have spent over $1 trillion
of taxpayer money funding the Department of Energy to wean us off
foreign oil.
I just rise to say thank you, Mr. Chairman, thank you to my
colleagues who have come today in support of this amendment.
Mr. MARKEY. I would defer to the chairman of the committee. If he is
the concluding speaker on his side, I am prepared to close on our side.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. I advise my friend I am the concluding
speaker, so I will reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. MARKEY. I yield myself the balance of my time.
So here's where we are. Republicans take over, Republicans say
they're ready to put together a plan for our country. It's 1 year after
the BP catastrophe in the Gulf of Mexico, the worst environmental
disaster in our Nation's history.
{time} 1210
Last year, the Republicans blocked passage of any safety legislation
that would learn the lessons of what happened in the Gulf of Mexico.
The BP spill commission has come back. They now say that fatalities on
U.S. rigs are four times higher than those on European rigs. We should
be number one in drilling, and we should be number one in safety. The
Republicans refuse to deal with the endemic, systemic problems with
safety that have been identified in the American oil industry.
The oil industry is now garnering the largest profits any
corporations in the world have ever been able to enjoy, but the
Republicans refuse to bring out here legislation which will take away
their tax breaks. Oil companies don't need to have tax breaks to do
something they are doing anyway. It's like subsidizing a fish to swim
or a bird to fly. We don't have to give them taxpayers' money. The Ryan
budget slashes benefits for grandma and grandpa, then takes that money
and gives it away in tax breaks to millionaires and to the oil
industry. Do we really need to tell grandma we're cutting back on her
medicare benefits and then taking that money and giving it in oil
breaks to the biggest companies in our country? They don't need tax
breaks.
And finally, what we should be talking about is the deployment of the
Strategic Petroleum Reserve. The Strategic Petroleum Reserve was used
by both President Bushes. It was used by President Clinton. It does
work. The New York Mercantile Exchange is where oil futures are traded.
It is a casino of crude oil right now. On one day back just 2 months
ago, 45 percent of all of the oil futures trades were computer-
generated trades. Those trades were twice the value of all of the oil
consumed in the world on a single day. That's what we need to do, to
deal with those speculators. And the way to do it is what we have done
in the past, deploy the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, deploy it now.
Send the fear of losing fortunes into the hearts of those speculators,
and you will see the price of oil drop like a rock. That's what we need
to do. That's what the consumers need as they are heading into the
Memorial Day weekend. That's what people all across our country are
wondering--what is going to happen to our economy?
Ten of the last 11 recessions in our country are tied to the rise in
the price of oil. That is 10 of the last 11 recessions, ladies and
gentlemen. What we saw in 1990 was, President Bush won the war in Iraq
in '90 and '91, but because he never deployed the Strategic Petroleum
Reserve until it was too late, a mini-recession went through our
economy, and President Clinton was able to defeat him. Let's learn this
lesson of the link between the rise in the price of oil and recessions
that are created in our economy. Deploy the Strategic Petroleum
Reserve. Ignore this agenda of the Republican Party.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. I yield myself the balance of my time.
Mr. Chairman, this has been a very interesting debate, and there's
been a lot of rhetoric thrown around, some of which doesn't even apply
whatsoever in any remoteness to the bill that's before us today. H.R.
1230, which we are debating today, simply tells this administration to
go through with the lease sales that were already authorized by a
previous administration. In other words, all of these lease sales had
gone through whatever process they had gone through. Three of them were
in the Gulf of Mexico. One of them was off the coast of Virginia.
We are simply saying with this legislation, let's send a signal to
the international markets that America is serious about becoming less
dependent on foreign oil. And we do that by saying, this administration
should go through with these lease sales, which, I might add, Mr.
Chairman, we have heard about loss of revenue from the other side of
the aisle. These lease sales themselves would provide the general fund
with $40 million over the next 10 years. So what we're doing is really
kind of ironic: We are telling this administration to do something it
should be doing by law anyway. That's what the scope is. So I urge my
colleagues to vote on this bill. We can have other discussion on the
other bills in the ensuing days.
As far as the discussion talking about Big Oil, I could probably
count the number of colleagues on the other side of the aisle that
didn't say something about Big Oil rather than those that did. But what
is interesting, you would be led to believe that the only Big Oil in
the world apparently are American companies. I would suggest that that
is entirely not true. In fact, when you talk about Big Oil, Mr.
Chairman, really who you should be focusing on is OPEC, because crude
oil is an international product, or is a global product. There's no
question about that.
Yet OPEC controls 45 percent of the market. It is a cartel, Mr.
Chairman; there is no question about that. We all know simple
economics. If there is a cartel on any commodity, on any commodity, the
way that you break the cartel is by increasing the supply. And that's
what the combination of these three bills do. It simply sends a signal
to the markets--and I have said this over and over--that we are serious
about utilizing the resources we have. Several of my colleagues on the
other side of the aisle have said, The United States doesn't have any
resources. Well, nothing could be further from the truth because if you
look at government data on what the potential resources are in the
Outer Continental Shelf--and I'm going to say onshore because it's all
American potential resources--the potential resources of oil equivalent
per barrel, when you combine OCS and onshore, the potential resources
are in excess of 2 trillion barrels of oil. That far exceeds what one
of my colleagues earlier, Mr. Fleming from Louisiana, said. It far
exceeds what they have in Saudi Arabia. In fact, in other OPEC nations.
This is rhetoric about trying to blame somebody when the issue is
really something as basic as having a supply out there that consumers
can utilize. What we are saying here is threefold. One of them relates
directly to American jobs. Energy sector jobs are good-paying jobs. So
let's encourage the energy sector in this country to expand so we can
have those good-paying jobs. That's good to get the funk out of our
economy. Secondly, we become less dependent on foreign sources because
energy is an important part of our growing economy. And if we have a
stable source of that in the future, our economy can grow with the
surety we will have a stable source of energy.
But probably more important in the long term, Mr. Chairman, the
reason why we should pass these bills to send the signal to the market
is a national security issue. I mentioned OPEC. There are some
countries in OPEC that are outwardly hostile to the United States. One
of them is in South America, Venezuela. Why are we relying on them for
the supply of our energy when we have these resources that I just
pointed out to you in excess of 2 trillion equivalent barrels of oil?
So, Mr. Chairman, this is the first step. This is the first step of
starting the process of becoming less dependent on foreign energy, and
it is the first step to get our economy recovering by creating good
American jobs. I urge my colleagues to support H.R. 1230.
[[Page H3086]]
Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. Chair, on April 20, 2010, the Deepwater Horizon
exploded in the Gulf of Mexico, killing eleven crewmen and causing over
4 million barrels of oil to spill into the gulf. Now, barely a year
after the worst offshore oil spill in U.S. history, the majority is
rushing three reckless offshore drilling bills to the floor as if the
Deepwater Horizon disaster never happened.
Under the guise of combating high gasoline prices, today's
legislation proposes to mandate the sale of three leases in the Gulf of
Mexico and a fourth lease off the coast of Virginia--whether or not
appropriate safeguards are in place. Astonishingly, the Restarting
American Offshore Leasing Now Act actually requires the Secretary of
the Interior to rely on demonstrably unrealistic environmental reviews
conducted under the Bush Administration for purposes of approving these
four leases. For example, these pre-spill analyses assumed that the
worst case scenario for a Gulf oil spill would involve 4600 barrels of
oil--or about 1/1000 the actual amount of oil spilled by the Deepwater
Horizon.
Fortunately, the Obama Administration is taking a more responsible
approach. Using the lessons we have learned from the Deepwater Horizon
disaster, the Obama Administration has announced that it is prepared to
move forward with the three Gulf lease sales by the middle of 2012--
after rigorous, post-spill safety and environmental standards have been
put into place. Additionally, the Administration has in my judgment
correctly concluded that the Virginia lease should be cancelled as
posing too great a risk to the economies and environment of the mid-
Atlantic states.
Mr. Chair, this bill does nothing to lower gasoline prices. It does
nothing to end the billions in wasteful taxpayer subsidies going to oil
companies already reporting record profits. It does nothing to invest
in America's clean energy future or strengthen America's energy
security. In fact, this legislation doesn't even contain a requirement
that the oil produced from these leases be sold in the United States
rather than exported. The only thing this bill really does is undermine
the improved well design, workplace safety and environmental standards
the Obama Administration is trying to put in place in order to avoid
another Deepwater Horizon disaster.
This legislation is irresponsible, and it deserves a ``no'' vote.
Ms. JACKSON LEE of Texas. Mr. Chair, I rise today in support of H.R.
1230, ``Restarting American Offshore Leasing now Act'' which will
require four specific offshore oil and gas lease sales within the next
year. Three of these lease sales will be for locations in the Gulf of
Mexico and one will be off the Coast of Virginia.
Although I have reservations about certain aspects of this bill, I
nevertheless support it as a step in the right direction for America in
our efforts to achieve energy independence. The central issue is
promoting oil and gas related American jobs in the Gulf Coasts and to
fill our Nation's oil and gas needs as we search for alternative energy
sources.
THE NEED FOR FAIRNESS AND BALANCE
We must have fair and balanced discourse that considers our safety,
national security, and our environment and does not place oil & gas
producers at an unfair disadvantage when these very companies produce
vital American jobs and contribute greatly to our economy. I am
informed that there is an amendment or legislative proposal under
consideration which will tax the top 5 oil and gas producers more
heavily than other producers of such energy (who will receive a tax
credit).
We must ensure that we afford fair and equal tax treatment of oil and
gas producers and that we do not unduly single out and punish the top 5
oil and gas producers (three of which are U.S. companies: Exxon-Mobil,
Chevron and Conoco Phillips). This discriminates against large oil and
gas producers who provide valuable American jobs and contribute greatly
to our national and local economies; while at the same time we give a
tax break and preference to foreign oil companies who do not fall
within the top 5 producers. This is neither fair nor balanced and
allows oil companies owned by, for example Hugo Chavez and Venezuela,
to receive better tax treatment than the top 3 U.S. companies. This
hurts American jobs and our economy. I appeal for us to use common
sense to avoid disturbing outcomes such as this as we consider oil and
gas drilling, permitting and lease sale issues.
Energy is the lifeblood of every economy, especially our local
economies on the Gulf Coast. Producing more of energy leads to job
creation, cheaper goods and greater economic and national security.
However, the U.S. is more than 60 percent dependent on foreign sources
of energy, twice as dependent today as we were just 30 years ago.
Although energy is the lifeblood of America's economic security, this
growing and dangerous dependence has resulted in the loss of hundreds
of thousands of good American jobs, skyrocketing consumer prices, and
vulnerabilities in our national security.
The attacks of September 11, 2001 and the current instability in the
Middle East places further highlights our need for legislation that
will lead to our energy independence. It has always been risky to rely
on unstable and unfriendly nations as the source of so much of our
domestic oil supply. Currently, offshore petroleum is a source for
roughly a third of domestic oil production. Any increase in our own
production will place us one step closer to decreasing our dependence
on foreign oil.
Energy imports now make up one third of America's trade deficit.
Through this bill, America could improve the supply-demand imbalance,
lower consumer prices, and increase jobs by producing more of its own
energy resources.
According to the U.S. Minerals Management Service, MMS, estimates,
America's deep seas on the Outer Continental Shelf, OCS, contain up to
115.3 billion barrels of oil and up to 565 trillion cubic feet of
natural gas (the U.S. consumes at least 23 TCF per year) and 86 billion
barrels of oil (the U.S. imports 4.5 billion per year). Even with all
these energy resources, the U.S. sends more than $300 billion (and
countless American jobs) overseas every year for energy we can create
at home.
Given the aftermath of the BP Oil spill, it is easy to understand the
importance of addressing all safety concerns prior to the issuance of
oil and gas lease sales. Since the disaster, federal safety regulations
have been tightened, spill containment response capability has been
enhanced and lessons have been learned. The yearlong moratorium on
offshore drilling activity gave the Administration the time they needed
to carefully evaluate current practices and create an effective
regulatory regime.
We must make sure that as we effectively lift the offshore drilling
moratorium that we properly fund that department of interior to do its
job more quickly rather than cutting their budgets. I have offered an
amendment to H.R. 1230 to provide for necessary and proper levels of
staffing and training of technical engineers and other personnel as are
necessary to review permits for drilling in the outer continental shelf
land and offshore gas and oil leasing sales activities.
It is the job of the Department of the Interior to ensure that all
lease sales meet the highest reasonable standards for safety. My
concern is that H.R. 1230 would require the Department of Interior to
act more quickly in their review of lease sale applications than their
current resources allow. If the Department of the Interior moves to
quickly, no one will benefit from unsafe and inadequate standards.
The Administration has already aggressively restarted drilling the
outer continental shelf. To continue drilling safely, the Department of
the Interior must be properly funded and staffed with technical
engineers to review permits, examine lease sales, and ensure that each
application is afforded proper consideration.
As a Representative of an oil and gas producing District and state, I
am aware that offshore drilling is an important component of the
nation's energy supply and provides many Gulf communities with jobs and
income.
We can protect the environment while drilling the outer continental
shelf. Providing adequate resources for review will prevent permits
from being declined due to time constraints.
Responsible offshore drilling with proper funding and staff for the
DOI is a good solution, and I urge my colleagues on both sides of the
aisle to compromise and help the hard working people in Gulf Coast
communities get back to work.
We must get the American Gulf Coast oil and gas community back to
work. Many people in the oil and gas industry in my district and the
people and businesses of the Gulf Coast rely on oil and gas industry
jobs and this benefits local economies and our national economy.
Through this bill, America could improve its energy supply and demand
imbalance, lower consumer prices, and increase jobs by permitting the
United States to produce more of its own energy resources as we pursue
forms of alternative energy for the stability of our national energy
production and our national security itself.
Mr. Chair, I believe it is very important to allow these oil and gas
lease sales and properly fund the Department of the Interior to do its
jobs. I urge my colleagues to join me in supporting H.R. 1230.
Mr. PASCRELL. Mr. Chair, I rise to express my strong opposition to
H.R. 1230. Just over one year ago, the Deepwater Horizon rig exploded
and sank, taking the lives of 11 workers and releasing millions of
barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico. Instead of learning from the
catastrophic economic and environmental consequences of last year's
spill, H.R. 1230 would speed up leasing without introducing new safety
standards and throwing environmental review to the wind.
One of these leases would be located off the shore of Virginia, just
75 miles from the shores of my home state of New Jersey. Drilling
operations could potentially devastate the economy of New Jersey in the
event of a spill,
[[Page H3087]]
since the tourism and fishing industries support hundreds of thousands
of jobs and billions of economic activity across the state and region.
Furthermore, this legislation does nothing to address rising gasoline
prices. Instead of giving more handouts to Big Oil, we need to crack
down on speculators and oil companies who post record profits on the
backs of the American public. We should be investing in alternative
energy sources such as wind power to reduce our dependence on foreign
oil, not subsidizing Big Oil.
Mr. HOYER. Mr. Chair, all Americans are concerned about high gas
prices and the growing cost they are imposing on our families. We
should also be concerned that those high prices might stall our
economic recovery. So what can we do to reduce the burden, both for
families and for our economy as a whole?
I support safe, responsible drilling. So does President Obama: his
administration has already set us on course to re-issue three out of
four of the leases in question in this bill. Domestic drilling is
definitely part of the solution to meeting our energy needs.
But I also know that offering drilling as the only solution is simply
not up to the scale of the challenge we face. Consider that the United
States already produces about 1.5 million more barrels of oil per day
than it did in 2005. And last year under President Obama's watch,
domestic oil production rose to its highest level since 2003. If
Republicans were right, that increased production would lower prices--
but in fact, oil reached a record of $147 per barrel during the same
period.
Consider the fact that Canada, unlike the U.S., produces about 1.1
million more barrels of oil than it consumes each day. Canada produces
far more oil than we do--and if Republicans were right, Canadian gas
prices wouldn't be rising at the same rate as ours. But they are--
they're feeling the effects, just as we are.
So while I am a strong supporter of drilling, and making use of our
natural resources, the fact remains that the issuing of four leases,
even in the very near term, will have little to no impact on gas prices
today.
In the wake of the devastating BP Gulf oil spill, we need to focus on
responsible drilling as we work to increase production. We should not
auction off more leases to oil companies without adequate consideration
of whether offshore drilling in those locations is safe and without
environmental consequences.
That's a reckless course to take, especially when the effect on
today's gas prices is essentially nonexistent. While the American
people want us to do everything in our power to lower gas prices, they
also don't want us to set up a process that could lead to another BP
Gulf oil spill.
I believe we can drill and do so responsibly, and we can expedite
leases responsibly. Rather than Republicans' one-dimensional approach
of simply issuing new leases, let's also ensure that oil and gas
companies are diligent about producing on the leases they already own.
Let's expedite leases without disregarding the environmental impacts.
Let's invest in clean energy technology and efficiency to break our oil
addiction--not defund those investments, as Republicans demand. Let's
crack down on the financial speculation that drives gas prices up for
American families.
And--when even Speaker Boehner agrees that the oil companies ``ought
to be paying their fair share''--let's end unjustifiable subsidies to
some of the world's most profitable companies, subsidies that are only
driving our nation deeper into debt.
That's what a real, responsible energy policy would look like--not
this bill. I would have supported it if amendments had passed to ensure
environmental and safety reviews to prevent another oil spill, and to
ensure that offshore drilling does not conflict with military training
operations off our coasts. But because Republicans rejected those
amendments, this bill remains flawed. I urge my colleagues to vote
against it.
Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Chair, I rise in opposition to the three oil drilling
bills reported by the Republican Majority on the House Resources
Committee, including the one before the House today. I urge the House
to defeat them.
One year after the largest oil spill in U.S. history revealed huge
safety and enforcement problems with ultra-deep offshore drilling, gas
prices are going through the ceiling and the oil companies are raking
in profits hand-over-fist. Exxon Mobil just posted a first-quarter
profit of $10.7 billion, a 69 percent gain from the previous year. BP
reported a first-quarter profit of $7.1 billion, a 17 percent increase.
Royal Dutch Shell earned $6.3 billion, up 30 percent. Chevron's profit
grew to $6.2 billion, a 36 percent increase. Conoco Phillips reported a
first-quarter profit of $3 billion, up 44 percent.
What is the Republican Majority's response? They want to reward the
oil companies with additional offshore leases and reduce the ability of
the Interior Department to review offshore oil drilling applications
for safety.
Proponents of this bill would have us believe that gas prices will go
down if we only open up more coastal areas to ultra-deepwater drilling
and reduce safety oversight of the oil companies. This is not true.
None of these bills will do anything at all to reduce gasoline prices.
Even if we threw caution to the wind and opened up these new offshore
areas tomorrow, it would take years for them to produce any oil.
Before opening up new offshore areas, it's fair to ask what the
industry is doing with the leases they already have. A new report by
the Department of Interior reveals that more than two-thirds of
existing offshore leases in the Gulf of Mexico and more than half of
onshore leases on federal lands are unused. Tens of millions of acres
that have already been leased to industry sit idle. The industry should
either use the leases they have or give them up.
At a time when our constituents are feeling the pain of rising gas
prices, it is unjustifiable that our tax code subsidizes Big Oil to the
tune of billions of dollars a year. The Big Five oil companies reported
a combined profit of $32 billion in the first quarter of 2011 alone.
Repealing the three largest tax breaks for the Big Five oil companies
would save taxpayers billions of dollars a year. Instead of rewarding
the oil companies, we should at last end these unwarranted subsidies to
Big Oil.
Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California. Mr. Chair, I rise in strong
opposition to H.R. 1230.
It appears to me that the Republican energy plan is higher gas prices
and lower safety standards. This fits nicely with their overall agenda
for the 111th Congress: end Medicare to pay for tax breaks for Big Oil.
Yesterday, the Republicans on the Rules Committee blocked my
amendment that would require oil and gas companies to publicly disclose
their environmental and worker safety record before drilling on the
Outer continental shelf.
Earlier this year, Republicans voted to gut the Commodity Futures
Trading Commission--the consumer watchdog agency charged with
overseeing oil speculators.
And earlier today, even though BP is now reporting $7.1 billion in
quarterly profits--17 percent increase--every Republican in the House
voted to block consideration of our Democratic bill, the Big Oil
Welfare Repeal Act of 2011, to stop the billions of dollars in tax
giveaways to the biggest oil companies who don't need taxpayer help to
get their job done.
Under the Republican budget that the House approved earlier this
year, people in their 40s and 50s now will be forced to pay more for
health care when they retire than under current law--at least $6,400
per year more.
But consider this: in the past three months, the top five oil
companies made $30 billion in profits and Republicans in Congress want
to give them billions more in tax benefits and subsidies. The same
Republicans who voted to end Medicare are now refusing to hold a vote
on repealing the generous tax breaks for the largest and most
profitable corporations in world history.
Make no mistake about it. Their bill on the floor today won't bring
down the price at the pump. It won't end the massive taxpayer giveaways
to Big Oil. It won't lead to more fuel-efficient cars. It won't crack
down on oil speculators. And it won't improve the safety of offshore
drilling--and in fact it will require the Interior Department to accept
the very same flawed NEPA documents that helped lead to the BP spill in
the Gulf.
I urge a ``no'' vote on H.R. 1230 because it ignores the lessons of
the BP spill and it does nothing to help families or consumers. I don't
think Americans want Congress to take money away from seniors only to
give that very same money to oil giants.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chair, I also want to mention that
two members of the House, Congressman Gerlach and Congressman Culberson
had wanted to cosponsor this bill but because we had to file the
reports on the bills on Monday, they were unable to. I appreciate their
support.
I yield back the balance of my time.
The Acting CHAIR. All time for general debate has expired.
Pursuant to the rule, the bill shall be considered for amendment
under the 5-minute rule and shall be considered read.
The text of the bill is as follows:
H.R. 1230
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Restarting American Offshore
Leasing Now Act''.
SEC. 2. REQUIREMENT TO CONDUCT PROPOSED OIL AND GAS LEASE
SALE 216 IN THE CENTRAL GULF OF MEXICO.
(a) In General.--The Secretary of the Interior shall
conduct offshore oil and gas Lease Sale 216 under section 8
of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (33 U.S.C. 1337) as
soon as practicable, but not later than 4 months after the
date of enactment of this Act.
[[Page H3088]]
(b) Environmental Review.--For the purposes of that lease
sale, the Environmental Impact Statement for the 2007-2012 5-
Year OCS Plan and the Multi-Sale Environmental Impact
Statement are deemed to satisfy the requirements of the
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et
seq.).
SEC. 3. REQUIREMENT TO CONDUCT PROPOSED OIL AND GAS LEASE
SALE 218 IN THE WESTERN GULF OF MEXICO.
(a) In General.--The Secretary of the Interior shall
conduct offshore oil and gas Lease Sale 218 under section 8
of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (33 U.S.C. 1337) as
soon as practicable, but not later than 8 months after the
date of enactment of this Act.
(b) Environmental Review.--For the purposes of that lease
sale, the Environmental Impact Statement for the 2007-2012 5-
Year OCS Plan and the Multi-Sale Environmental Impact
Statement are deemed to satisfy the requirements of the
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et
seq.).
SEC. 4. REQUIREMENT TO CONDUCT PROPOSED OIL AND GAS LEASE
SALE 220 ON THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF
OFFSHORE VIRGINIA.
(a) In General.--The Secretary of the Interior shall
conduct offshore oil and gas Lease Sale 220 under section 8
of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (33 U.S.C. 1337) as
soon as practicable, but not later than one year after the
date of enactment of this Act.
(b) Prohibition on Conflicts With Military Operations.--The
Secretary shall not make any tract available for leasing
under this section if the President, through the Secretary of
Defense, determines that drilling activity on that tract
would create an unreasonable conflict with military
operations.
SEC. 5. REQUIREMENT TO CONDUCT PROPOSED OIL AND GAS LEASE
SALE 222 IN THE CENTRAL GULF OF MEXICO.
(a) In General.--The Secretary of the Interior shall
conduct offshore oil and gas Lease Sale 222 under section 8
of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (33 U.S.C. 1337) as
soon as practicable, but not later than June 1, 2012.
(b) Environmental Review.--For the purposes of that lease
sale, the Environmental Impact Statement for the 2007-2012 5-
Year OCS Plan and the Multi-Sale Environmental Impact
Statement are deemed to satisfy the requirements of the
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et
seq.).
SEC. 6. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) The term ``Environmental Impact Statement for the 2007-
2012 5 Year OCS Plan'' means the Final Environmental Impact
Statement for Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Leasing
Program: 2007-2012 (April 2007) prepared by the Secretary of
the Interior.
(2) The term ``Multi-Sale Environmental Impact Statement''
means the Environmental Impact Statement for Proposed Western
Gulf of Mexico OCS Oil and Gas Lease Sales 204, 207, 210,
215, and 218, and Proposed Central Gulf of Mexico OCS Oil and
Gas Lease Sales 205, 206, 208, 213, 216, and 222 (September
2008) prepared by the Secretary of the Interior.
The Acting CHAIR. No amendment to the bill is in order except those
printed in part B of House Report 112-73. Each such amendment may be
offered only in the order printed in the report, by a Member designated
in the report, shall be considered read, shall be debatable for the
time specified in the report, equally divided and controlled by the
proponent and an opponent of the amendment, shall not be subject to
amendment, and shall not be subject to a demand for division of the
question.
Amendment No. 1 Offered by Mr. Holt
The Acting CHAIR. It is now in order to consider amendment No. 1
printed in part B of House Report 112-73.
Mr. HOLT. Mr. Chairman, I have an amendment at the desk.
The Acting CHAIR. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Page 3, beginning at line 6, amend sections 2 and 3 to read
as follows:
SEC. 2. REQUIREMENT TO CONDUCT PROPOSED OIL AND GAS LEASE
SALE 216 IN THE CENTRAL GULF OF MEXICO.
The Secretary of the Interior shall conduct offshore oil
and gas lease sale 216 under section 8 of the Outer
Continental Shelf Lands Act (33 U.S.C. 1337) as soon as
practicable after compliance with the National Environmental
Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.).
SEC. 3. REQUIREMENT TO CONDUCT PROPOSED OIL AND GAS LEASE
SALE 218 IN THE WESTERN GULF OF MEXICO.
The Secretary of the Interior shall conduct offshore oil
and gas lease sale 218 under section 8 of the Outer
Continental Shelf Lands Act (33 U.S.C. 1337) as soon as
practicable after compliance with the National Environmental
Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.).
Page 5, beginning at line 1, amend section 5 to read as
follows:
SEC. 5. REQUIREMENT TO CONDUCT PROPOSED OIL AND GAS LEASE
SALE 222 IN THE CENTRAL GULF OF MEXICO.
The Secretary of the Interior shall conduct offshore oil
and gas lease sale 222 under section 8 of the Outer
Continental Shelf Lands Act (33 U.S.C. 1337) as soon as
practicable after compliance with the National Environmental
Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.).
Page 5, beginning at line 15, strike section 6.
The Acting CHAIR pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 245, the
gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Holt) and a Member opposed each will
control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from New Jersey.
{time} 1220
Mr. HOLT. The authors of this bill are so eager to accelerate the
giveaways to Big Oil, rather than protect the consumers, the
environment and workers, that they, in their legislation, deem that the
shoddy environmental analysis conducted 4 years ago, in other words,
years prior to the gulf oil blowout, to be sufficient for all future
lease sales in the gulf, despite their glaring deficiencies. They
deem--in other words, assume, declare--that this is sufficient. Look,
this environmental impact statement was not adequate then, and we know
it's not adequate now.
``Deem'' is a dangerous word in legislation, especially legislation
that could jeopardize worker safety and imperil the economic structure
of coastal communities.
My amendment would strike the language deeming the pre-spill
environmental work to be sufficient and it, therefore, would require a
new, updated analysis. And the administration says they intend to and
are prepared to apply a strengthened environmental analysis
incorporating the lessons learned.
This amnesia bill before us learns no lessons from the worst
environmental oil spill in our history. Just look at some of the
conclusions contained in the outdated environmental analysis.
The EIS determined ``the most likely size of an offshore spill
greater than or equal to 1,000 barrels would be 4,600 barrels.'' So, in
other words, the pre-BP spill analysis concluded that the most likely
size of the largest spill that we would see in the Gulf of Mexico would
be 4,600 barrels of oil. The Deepwater Horizon produced 4 million
barrels spilling into the gulf.
In addition, the analysis concluded that the total volume of oil that
would be spilled from all spills over 40 years would be roughly 47,000
barrels of oil. That's less than what spilled from the Deepwater
Horizon in 1 day.
The EIS concluded that, in the worst-case scenario, something like
several dozen miles of gulf coastline would be affected by the spill.
In reality, it affected 950 miles of coastline, across all the Gulf
States.
The earlier EIS review that they would say should apply for all
future drilling determined that a deepwater blowout would not present a
clean-up problem because the oil would rise in a water column,
surfacing almost directly above, that's their words in the EIS, that
they would deem to apply, surfacing almost directly over the source
location. In fact, we know the oil spewing spread in subsurface plumes
for miles and miles and miles across the gulf.
For commercial fisheries, the environmental statement said ``a
subsurface blowout would have a negligible effect on the Gulf of Mexico
fish resources or commercial fishing.'' In reality, the BP spill closed
88,000 square miles of the gulf to fishing.
These are just a few examples of how this is an inadequate
environmental statement. Have we learned nothing from the largest oil
spill in gulf waters?
It is so thoughtless and so boilerplate that it talks about
protecting walruses in the Gulf of Mexico. This was a thoughtless
environmental impact statement, surely not worthy of the people who
live along the coast. This environmental impact statement is surely not
worthy of those who make their living either in the oil business or the
fishing business or any other business.
The fact is, we have far more information now than we did in 2007.
And after immense cost, really hard-earned knowledge, we certainly
should not proceed as if nothing has happened without reassessing our
assumptions and our analyses. The Department of the Interior is working
to hold these
[[Page H3089]]
sales mandated by this bill, but in a reasonable timeframe.
Any leases should reflect the lessons learned from the BP spill. In
other words, it should reflect reality, not some dream world. They live
in a dream world economically; they live in a dream world
environmentally. It is clearly a world where walruses live in the Gulf
of Mexico.
My amendment, I think, is a reasonable way to proceed. It would
require that we do new environmental work that builds on the hard-
earned lessons that we learned from the largest oil spill in the gulf
waters. It ensures that future leasing in the gulf fully considers the
environmental impact of drilling.
I urge adoption of the amendment.
The Acting CHAIR. The time of the gentleman has expired.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the
amendment.
The Acting CHAIR. The gentleman is recognized for 5 minutes.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. I yield myself such time as I may
consume.
Mr. Chairman, I strongly oppose this amendment. The EIS work
conducted thus far for the lease sales, and keep in mind, these lease
sales were already okayed, is complete, thorough and sufficient to
safely and responsibly conduct these lease sales.
It is important to note that this is only one of many environmental
analyses that these leases will undergo before any drilling can start.
At each of multiple stages, additional detailed environmental and
safety reviews will be conducted.
The language in this bill, underlying bill, allows the administration
to move forward with these lease sales in a timely manner, but does not
allow drilling until at least several more layers of thorough
environmental assessments and reviews are conducted on each lease sale
sold at these sales. I think that's what the gentleman was getting to.
The underlying bill allows that to happen.
These additional environmental studies will allow for the latest and
best available information following the oil spill to be included in
the studies and applied to any drilling that will take place.
In totality, the library of environmental reviews will end up
totaling tens of thousands of pages, Mr. Chairman, and hundreds of
hours by environmental scientists, engineers, biologists, and other
professionals.
But this amendment isn't about environmental protection. This
amendment is about removing the timelines in this bill to conduct these
four lease sales. Keep in mind, these lease sales were already agreed
to by a prior administration. The real effect of this amendment is to
allow President Obama to block increased energy production by
continuing to push these lease sales off past 2012 or 2017, in some
cases. The real impact of this amendment is that we are right back
where we started when the President canceled these lease sales, sending
jobs and energy production overseas.
This administration's actions to delay these lease sales and their
long record of anti-energy roadblocks is why 2011, this year, may be
the first year since 1958 that no lease sales will occur in the OCS. It
is for this reason that OCS revenues in 2011 will fall by more than $9
billion compared to 2008.
By validating the existing EIS work, the bill ensures that these
lease sales will move forward this year, generating revenue for
taxpayers and ensuring that our leasing program continues in a timely
manner, while also allowing for additional safety measures to be taken.
I urge my colleagues to vote ``no'' on this amendment.
I yield the balance of my time to the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr.
Landry).
Mr. LANDRY. Here we go again. Delay, delay, delay. The poor people of
my district will have to sit there, unemployed and wait again. We've
gotten environmental study after environmental study after
environmental study that will happen after these lease sales. This does
not prevent the additional environmental studies that will take place
anyhow. All it will do is force those companies to take up to three
more years before we can get to our business of drilling so we can get
to our business of providing for the American people affordable energy.
Again, it's a delay tactic.
How do I know that? Because I can tell you that this administration
pulls delay tactic after delay tactic after delay tactic in permitting
wells in the Gulf of Mexico. They lift the moratorium, and then they
don't issue permits.
So what do they do now, the other side of the aisle, my colleagues on
the other side? They say, well, it looks like we have a piece of
legislation in front of us that's going to finally start to open the
gulf back up. So let's see how many roadblocks we can put in front of
it.
{time} 1230
I urge my colleagues, defeat this amendment. Let's get on with the
business of providing this country with affordable energy and let's get
this economy rolling and let's get back to creating jobs.
The Acting CHAIR. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Holt).
The question was taken; and the Acting Chair announced that the noes
appeared to have it.
Mr. HOLT. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The Acting CHAIR. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, further
proceedings on the amendment offered by the gentleman from New Jersey
will be postponed.
Amendment No. 2 Offered by Mr. Connolly of Virginia
The Acting CHAIR. It is now in order to consider amendment No. 2
printed in part B of House Report 112-73.
Mr. CONNOLLY of Virginia. Mr. Chairman, I have an amendment at the
desk.
The Acting CHAIR. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Page 4, beginning at line 19, strike ``if the President,
through the Secretary of Defense, determines that drilling
activity on that tract would create an unreasonable
conflict'' and insert ``until the President, in consultation
with the Secretary of Defense, certifies that drilling
activity on that tract would not create a conflict''.
The Acting CHAIR. Pursuant to House Resolution 245, the gentleman
from Virginia (Mr. Connolly) and a Member opposed each will control 5
minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Virginia.
Mr. CONNOLLY of Virginia. Mr. Chairman, this simple amendment
requires the President, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense,
to certify that moving forward with Lease Sale 220 will not impede
naval or other Department of Defense operations off Virginia's coast.
The Department of Defense issued a report which stated that 78
percent of the area of Lease Sale 220 is currently used by the Navy for
equipment testing, practicing with live ordnance, underwater training,
and other critical operations.
There may not be a readily available alternative for live ordnance
testing. And, of course, we wouldn't want live ordnance being used near
oil wells, now, would we?
As you know, Norfolk is the largest naval base in America. It is
critical for our national security and has beneficial side effects,
obviously, for the regional economy. But billions of dollars have been
invested in Norfolk and in that test bed area.
Perhaps it is possible for offshore oil exploration or wind energy
development to be compatible with continued naval operations. That is
why we asked for certification. But if energy development forced the
Navy to relocate, our national security would suffer, preparedness
would suffer, and billions of dollars of extra cost in Federal
expenditures would be incurred. Virginia's economy of course would also
suffer, as we could lose more than $10 billion in annual contracting
income derived from that base.
This amendment ensures that energy development would not cripple
naval operations by simply requiring the President with the Secretary
of Defense to certify that moving forward with Lease Sale 220 won't
impede naval operations and harm national security.
I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. LAMBORN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the amendment.
[[Page H3090]]
The Acting CHAIR. The gentleman from Colorado is recognized for 5
minutes.
Mr. LAMBORN. I yield myself such time as I may consume.
While I appreciate what the gentleman is trying to accomplish, the
underlying bill already protects the Defense Department's
responsibilities in the Outer Continental Shelf of Virginia. So this
amendment is totally unnecessary.
Because preserving the working relationship between the Department of
Defense and the Department of the Interior is of great importance to
the Virginia congressional delegation and to the Natural Resources
Committee, H.R. 1230 already ensures the mutual goals of national
security and energy independence by requiring that the lease sale be
conducted with stipulations on surface use, as well as additional
requirements to make certain that the leases issued in this area would
not impact defense operations.
I also want to point out that bipartisan support for energy
production offshore of Virginia does exist. According to a study by the
Southeast Energy Alliance, offshore energy development in Virginia
could create nearly 2,000 jobs in Virginia and produce more than one-
half billion barrels of oil and 2.5 trillion cubic feet of natural gas.
This natural gas is important, because in the last few years the
Dominion liquefied natural gas terminal in Baltimore, Maryland,
received huge amounts of foreign natural gas. Developing energy
production in offshore Virginia could displace foreign natural gas as
well as mean more energy for Virginia.
Now, in context, one-half billion barrels of oil is enough to fuel
all 4 million cars in Virginia for more than 4 years, and 2.5 trillion
cubic feet of natural gas could heat all 3.2 million Virginia
households for more than 11 years. And, developing resources off
Virginia's coast could generate nearly $19.5 billion in revenues to
Federal, State, and local governments.
Virginians, along with their Governor, both Democratic Senators, and
a majority of the congressional delegation here in Congress, and the
city council of Virginia Beach, off of which much of the development
would take place, do support offshore leasing and development because
they understand it can bring much-needed jobs and revenues to the
State.
I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. CONNOLLY of Virginia. I thank my friend from Colorado for his
remarks. But, frankly, if he is so certain of the protections contained
in this legislation, then surely this extra special amendment to make
sure that Virginia is protected would not find objection on the other
side of the aisle.
I yield 2 minutes to my friend from Northern Virginia (Mr. Moran).
Mr. MORAN. I thank my good friend and colleague.
Mr. Chairman, the U.S. Atlantic fleet is based at the Norfolk Naval
Base and operates in the same waters that this legislation proposes to
sell for oil and gas development. Does the Republican majority really
want to jeopardize those thousands and thousands of jobs that are
identified with that naval base?
According to a report issued by the Secretary of Defense, there
should be no lease sales in 72 percent of the proposed lease area that
this bill directs be sold to oil and gas companies because it is in
conflict with live ordnance, air-surface missile, and gunnery
exercises, shipboard qualification trials, carrier qualifications, and
development and operational follow-on testing and evaluation, and an
additional 5 percent would interfere with aerial operations and should
not host permanent surface structures such as drilling rigs.
In other words, more than three quarters of the area that this
legislation directs be sold to oil and gas companies is in conflict
with our national security interests, and a good deal of the remaining
22 percent is within shipping lanes of the country's two busiest
commercial ports, Hampton Roads and Baltimore.
Mr. Chairman, our coastal waters are a shared resource that host a
number of competing and sometimes incompatible uses. Clearly, direct
national security interests should be weighed at least alongside the
indirect benefit of unproven oil and gas developments that won't occur
for many, many, many years to come.
This amendment would ensure national security interests would
prevail. But it also underscores the point that the majority seems too
anxious to dismiss: The interests of our coastal fisheries and the
tourism industry. Those industries generate billions in income and
sustain the livelihood of millions of Americans. Their future is placed
at risk when Congress passes laws that disregard the lessons past
disasters have taught by mandating shortcuts to more drilling.
I urge my colleagues to accept this amendment and reject the
underlying bill.
Mr. CONNOLLY of Virginia. I yield 1 minute to my friend from Virginia
(Mr. Scott).
Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the
amendment.
This amendment will ensure that necessary safeguards are in place to
protect military training operations, NASA missions, and port access in
certain offshore areas.
In the Commonwealth of Virginia, the United States Navy trains
extensively in the Virginia Capes Operations Area off the coast of
Virginia. Additionally, NASA's Wallops Flight Facility on Virginia's
Eastern Shore requires a clear and unrestricted rocket and target
launch range off Virginia's coast.
I have long had reservations about drilling off the coast of
Virginia. I believe the environmental, economic, and national security
risks for that drilling far outweigh any potential benefits. But if
drilling will occur, this amendment will ensure that commonsense and
responsible processes will be in place to safeguard against obvious
negative consequences to our military, to NASA, and to port operations.
I urge my colleagues to support this amendment.
{time} 1240
Mr. CONNOLLY of Virginia. Mr. Chairman, may I ask how much time is
remaining.
The Acting CHAIR. The gentleman from Virginia has 30 seconds
remaining, and the gentleman from Colorado has 2\1/2\ minutes
remaining.
Mr. CONNOLLY of Virginia. Before I yield back, I just want to say I
appreciate again the reassurances from our colleague from Colorado, but
many of us in Virginia want to be sure.
Again, this amendment is simple. It does not stop oil production or
oil drilling offshore. It simply requires, first, a certification that
the all-important naval base at Norfolk is protected and that the
testing bed offshore is not in jeopardy, given the billions of dollars
we have invested in national security in that area and its importance
to our regional economy. We think it is a reasonable protection, a
reasonable measure.
I urge adoption of the amendment.
I yield back the balance of my time.
Mr. LAMBORN. In closing, Mr. Chairman, I would just point out that
the Governor of Virginia supports this, the majority of the House
Members from Virginia support this without the amendment, and the
Democratic Senators from Virginia have in the past agreed to
legislation identical in wording to what this legislation says about
offshore activity. So because the offshore activities are adequately
and responsibly dealt with in the bill as it is, I would urge a ``no''
vote on the amendment.
I yield back the balance of my time.
The Acting CHAIR. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Connolly).
The question was taken; and the Acting Chair announced that the noes
appeared to have it.
Mr. CONNOLLY of Virginia. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The Acting CHAIR. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, further
proceedings on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Virginia
will be postponed.
Announcement by the Acting Chair
The Acting CHAIR. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, proceedings
will now resume on those amendments printed in part B of House Report
112-73 on which further proceedings were postponed in the following
order:
Amendment No. 1 by Mr. Holt of New Jersey.
Amendment No. 2 by Mr. Connolly of Virginia.
[[Page H3091]]
The Chair will reduce to 5 minutes the time for any electronic vote
after the first vote in this series.
Amendment No. 1 Offered by Mr. Holt
The Acting CHAIR. The unfinished business is the demand for a
recorded vote on the amendment offered by the gentleman from New Jersey
(Mr. Holt) on which further proceedings were postponed and on which the
noes prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendment.
The Clerk redesignated the amendment.
Recorded Vote
The Acting CHAIR. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 174,
noes 240, not voting 18, as follows:
[Roll No. 295]
AYES--174
Andrews
Baca
Baldwin
Bass (CA)
Bass (NH)
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Bishop (GA)
Bishop (NY)
Blumenauer
Bono Mack
Boswell
Brady (PA)
Braley (IA)
Brown (FL)
Butterfield
Capps
Capuano
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carney
Carson (IN)
Castor (FL)
Chu
Cicilline
Clarke (MI)
Clarke (NY)
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Cohen
Connolly (VA)
Conyers
Costello
Courtney
Cuellar
Cummings
Davis (CA)
Davis (IL)
DeFazio
DeGette
DeLauro
Deutch
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Doyle
Edwards
Ellison
Eshoo
Farr
Fattah
Filner
Fitzpatrick
Frank (MA)
Fudge
Garamendi
Gonzalez
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Hanabusa
Hastings (FL)
Heinrich
Higgins
Himes
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Hirono
Holt
Honda
Hoyer
Inslee
Israel
Jackson (IL)
Jackson Lee (TX)
Johnson (GA)
Johnson (IL)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones
Kaptur
Keating
Kildee
Kind
Kissell
Kucinich
Langevin
Larsen (WA)
Larson (CT)
Lee (CA)
Levin
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
Loebsack
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lujan
Lynch
Maloney
Markey
Matsui
McCarthy (NY)
McCollum
McDermott
McGovern
McIntyre
McNerney
Michaud
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Moore
Moran
Murphy (CT)
Napolitano
Neal
Owens
Pallone
Pastor (AZ)
Payne
Pelosi
Perlmutter
Peters
Pingree (ME)
Polis
Price (NC)
Quigley
Rahall
Reichert
Reyes
Richardson
Richmond
Ros-Lehtinen
Roybal-Allard
Ruppersberger
Ryan (OH)
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sarbanes
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schrader
Schwartz
Scott (VA)
Scott, David
Serrano
Sewell
Sherman
Shuler
Sires
Slaughter
Smith (WA)
Speier
Stark
Sutton
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tierney
Tonko
Towns
Tsongas
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Walz (MN)
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watt
Waxman
Welch
Wilson (FL)
Woolsey
Wu
Yarmuth
Young (FL)
NOES--240
Adams
Aderholt
Akin
Alexander
Altmire
Amash
Austria
Bachmann
Bachus
Barletta
Barrow
Bartlett
Barton (TX)
Benishek
Berg
Biggert
Bilirakis
Bishop (UT)
Black
Blackburn
Bonner
Boren
Boustany
Brady (TX)
Brooks
Broun (GA)
Buchanan
Bucshon
Buerkle
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Calvert
Camp
Campbell
Canseco
Cantor
Capito
Carter
Cassidy
Chabot
Chaffetz
Chandler
Coble
Coffman (CO)
Cole
Conaway
Cooper
Costa
Cravaack
Crawford
Crenshaw
Critz
Culberson
Davis (KY)
Denham
Dent
DesJarlais
Diaz-Balart
Dold
Donnelly (IN)
Dreier
Duffy
Duncan (SC)
Duncan (TN)
Ellmers
Farenthold
Fincher
Flake
Fleischmann
Fleming
Flores
Forbes
Fortenberry
Foxx
Franks (AZ)
Frelinghuysen
Gallegly
Gardner
Garrett
Gerlach
Gibbs
Gibson
Gingrey (GA)
Gohmert
Goodlatte
Gosar
Gowdy
Granger
Graves (GA)
Graves (MO)
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Griffin (AR)
Griffith (VA)
Grimm
Guinta
Guthrie
Hall
Hanna
Harper
Harris
Hartzler
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Heck
Heller
Hensarling
Herger
Herrera Beutler
Holden
Huelskamp
Huizenga (MI)
Hultgren
Hurt
Issa
Jenkins
Johnson (OH)
Jordan
Kelly
King (IA)
Kingston
Kinzinger (IL)
Kline
Labrador
Lamborn
Lance
Landry
Lankford
Latham
LaTourette
Latta
Lewis (CA)
LoBiondo
Long
Lucas
Luetkemeyer
Lummis
Lungren, Daniel E.
Mack
Manzullo
Marchant
Marino
Matheson
McCarthy (CA)
McCaul
McClintock
McCotter
McHenry
McKeon
McKinley
McMorris Rodgers
Meehan
Mica
Miller (FL)
Miller (MI)
Miller, Gary
Mulvaney
Murphy (PA)
Myrick
Neugebauer
Noem
Nugent
Nunes
Nunnelee
Olson
Palazzo
Paul
Paulsen
Pearce
Pence
Peterson
Petri
Pitts
Platts
Poe (TX)
Posey
Price (GA)
Quayle
Reed
Rehberg
Renacci
Ribble
Rigell
Rivera
Roby
Roe (TN)
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Rokita
Rooney
Roskam
Ross (AR)
Ross (FL)
Royce
Runyan
Ryan (WI)
Scalise
Schilling
Schmidt
Schock
Schweikert
Scott (SC)
Scott, Austin
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shimkus
Shuster
Simpson
Smith (NE)
Smith (NJ)
Smith (TX)
Southerland
Stearns
Stivers
Stutzman
Sullivan
Terry
Thompson (PA)
Thornberry
Tiberi
Tipton
Turner
Upton
Walberg
Walden
Walsh (IL)
Webster
West
Westmoreland
Whitfield
Wilson (SC)
Wittman
Wolf
Womack
Woodall
Yoder
Young (AK)
Young (IN)
NOT VOTING--18
Ackerman
Bilbray
Crowley
Emerson
Engel
Giffords
Hunter
Johnson, Sam
King (NY)
Meeks
Nadler
Olver
Pascrell
Pompeo
Rangel
Rothman (NJ)
Rush
Weiner
{time} 1306
Ms. JENKINS and Mr. ROSKAM changed their vote from ``aye'' to ``no.''
Mr. CUMMINGS, Mrs. BONO MACK, and Mr. ELLISON changed their vote from
``no'' to ``aye.''
So the amendment was rejected.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Amendment No. 2 Offered by Mr. Connolly of Virginia
The Acting CHAIR. The unfinished business is the demand for a
recorded vote on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Virginia
(Mr. Connolly) on which further proceedings were postponed and on which
the noes prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendment.
The Clerk redesignated the amendment.
Recorded Vote
The Acting CHAIR. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The Acting CHAIR. This is a 5-minute vote.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 176,
noes 240, not voting 16, as follows:
[Roll No. 296]
AYES--176
Altmire
Andrews
Baca
Baldwin
Bass (CA)
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Bilirakis
Bishop (GA)
Bishop (NY)
Blumenauer
Boswell
Brady (PA)
Braley (IA)
Brown (FL)
Butterfield
Capps
Capuano
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carney
Carson (IN)
Castor (FL)
Chu
Cicilline
Clarke (MI)
Clarke (NY)
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Cohen
Connolly (VA)
Conyers
Cooper
Costello
Courtney
Critz
Cuellar
Cummings
Davis (CA)
Davis (IL)
DeFazio
DeGette
Deutch
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Doyle
Edwards
Ellison
Eshoo
Farr
Fattah
Filner
Frank (MA)
Fudge
Garamendi
Gonzalez
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Hanabusa
Hastings (FL)
Heinrich
Higgins
Himes
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Hirono
Holt
Honda
Hoyer
Inslee
Israel
Jackson (IL)
Jackson Lee (TX)
Johnson (GA)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones
Kaptur
Keating
Kildee
Kind
Kissell
Kucinich
Langevin
Larsen (WA)
Larson (CT)
Lee (CA)
Levin
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
Loebsack
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lujan
Lynch
Maloney
Markey
Matsui
McCarthy (NY)
McCollum
McDermott
McGovern
McIntyre
McNerney
Michaud
Miller (FL)
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Moore
Moran
Murphy (CT)
Napolitano
Neal
Owens
Pallone
Pastor (AZ)
Payne
Pelosi
Perlmutter
Peters
Pingree (ME)
Polis
Price (NC)
Quigley
Rahall
Reyes
Richardson
Richmond
Ros-Lehtinen
Roybal-Allard
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sarbanes
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schrader
Schwartz
Scott (VA)
Scott, David
Serrano
Sewell
Sherman
Shuler
Sires
Slaughter
Smith (WA)
Speier
Stark
Sutton
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tierney
Tonko
Towns
Tsongas
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Walz (MN)
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watt
Waxman
Welch
Wilson (FL)
Woolsey
Wu
Yarmuth
Young (FL)
NOES--240
Adams
Aderholt
Akin
Alexander
Amash
Austria
Bachmann
Bachus
Barletta
Barrow
Bartlett
Barton (TX)
Bass (NH)
Benishek
Berg
[[Page H3092]]
Biggert
Bishop (UT)
Black
Blackburn
Bonner
Bono Mack
Boren
Boustany
Brady (TX)
Brooks
Broun (GA)
Buchanan
Bucshon
Buerkle
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Calvert
Camp
Campbell
Canseco
Cantor
Capito
Carter
Cassidy
Chabot
Chaffetz
Chandler
Coble
Coffman (CO)
Cole
Conaway
Costa
Cravaack
Crawford
Crenshaw
Culberson
Davis (KY)
Denham
Dent
DesJarlais
Diaz-Balart
Dold
Donnelly (IN)
Dreier
Duffy
Duncan (SC)
Duncan (TN)
Ellmers
Farenthold
Fincher
Fitzpatrick
Flake
Fleischmann
Fleming
Flores
Forbes
Fortenberry
Foxx
Franks (AZ)
Frelinghuysen
Gallegly
Gardner
Garrett
Gerlach
Gibbs
Gibson
Gingrey (GA)
Gohmert
Goodlatte
Gosar
Gowdy
Granger
Graves (GA)
Graves (MO)
Griffin (AR)
Griffith (VA)
Grimm
Guinta
Guthrie
Hall
Hanna
Harper
Harris
Hartzler
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Heck
Heller
Hensarling
Herger
Herrera Beutler
Holden
Huelskamp
Huizenga (MI)
Hultgren
Hunter
Hurt
Issa
Jenkins
Johnson (IL)
Johnson (OH)
Jordan
Kelly
King (IA)
Kingston
Kinzinger (IL)
Kline
Labrador
Lamborn
Lance
Landry
Lankford
Latham
LaTourette
Latta
Lewis (CA)
LoBiondo
Long
Lucas
Luetkemeyer
Lummis
Lungren, Daniel E.
Mack
Manzullo
Marchant
Marino
Matheson
McCarthy (CA)
McCaul
McClintock
McCotter
McHenry
McKeon
McKinley
McMorris Rodgers
Meehan
Mica
Miller (MI)
Miller, Gary
Mulvaney
Murphy (PA)
Myrick
Neugebauer
Noem
Nugent
Nunes
Nunnelee
Olson
Palazzo
Paul
Paulsen
Pearce
Pence
Peterson
Petri
Pitts
Platts
Poe (TX)
Pompeo
Posey
Price (GA)
Quayle
Reed
Rehberg
Reichert
Renacci
Ribble
Rigell
Rivera
Roby
Roe (TN)
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Rokita
Rooney
Roskam
Ross (AR)
Ross (FL)
Royce
Runyan
Ryan (WI)
Scalise
Schilling
Schmidt
Schock
Schweikert
Scott (SC)
Scott, Austin
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shimkus
Shuster
Simpson
Smith (NE)
Smith (NJ)
Smith (TX)
Southerland
Stearns
Stivers
Stutzman
Sullivan
Terry
Thompson (PA)
Thornberry
Tiberi
Tipton
Turner
Upton
Walberg
Walden
Walsh (IL)
Webster
West
Westmoreland
Whitfield
Wilson (SC)
Wittman
Wolf
Womack
Woodall
Yoder
Young (AK)
Young (IN)
NOT VOTING--16
Ackerman
Bilbray
Crowley
DeLauro
Emerson
Engel
Giffords
Johnson, Sam
King (NY)
Meeks
Nadler
Olver
Pascrell
Rangel
Rothman (NJ)
Weiner
{time} 1313
So the amendment was rejected.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
The Acting CHAIR (Mr. Yoder). Under the rule, the Committee rises.
Accordingly, the Committee rose; and the Speaker pro tempore (Mr.
Bass of New Hampshire) having assumed the chair, Mr. Yoder, Acting
Chair of the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union,
reported that that Committee, having had under consideration the bill
(H.R. 1230) to require the Secretary of the Interior to conduct certain
offshore oil and gas lease sales, and for other purposes, and, pursuant
to House Resolution 245, reported the bill back to the House.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the rule, the previous question is
ordered.
The question is on the engrossment and third reading of the bill.
The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, and was
read the third time.
Motion to Recommit
Mr. LUJAN. Mr. Speaker, I have a motion to recommit at the desk.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is the gentleman opposed to the bill?
Mr. LUJAN. I am opposed to it in its current form.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the motion to
recommit.
The Clerk read as follows:
Mr. Lujan moves to recommit the bill H.R. 1230 to the
Committee on Natural Resources with instructions to report
the same back to the House forthwith with the following
amendment:
Page 5, after line 14, insert the following (and
redesignate accordingly):
SEC. 5. NO FOREIGN SALES.
The leases offered for sale under this Act shall specify
that all oil and natural gas produced under such leases shall
be offered for sale only in the United States.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I reserve a point of order.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. A point of order is reserved.
The gentleman from New Mexico is recognized for 5 minutes in support
of his motion.
Mr. LUJAN. Mr. Speaker and my colleagues, American families are
hurting right now. When the cost of gas at the pump rises, that means
that the cost of groceries goes up, the cost of goods goes up, and the
cost of just getting to work goes up. The American people need relief;
and the way this legislation is written, it will do nothing to decrease
the price at the pump, and it will do nothing to lower the
international price of oil.
All day today, my colleagues on the other side of the aisle have
suggested that drilling more is the solution to high gas prices. If my
Republican colleagues really believe that increasing drilling in the
U.S. will lower gas prices, then we should all be able to agree that
oil produced in America should stay in America to help American
families and American businesses.
That's why I am offering this final amendment today--to ensure that
oil resources that are produced through leasing under this act are kept
here and sold here in the United States. Simply put, this means, if we
produce it here, we should keep it here for the American people.
Mr. Speaker, I come from a State that has oil and gas production, and
we know how important domestic production is. We don't disagree that
production in the United States is important. Personally, I favor a
more comprehensive plan to reduce our dependence on foreign sources of
oil, one that includes natural gas, wind, solar, one that grows new
industries and creates jobs that cannot be outsourced out of the United
States.
While I disagree with my Republican colleagues' approach, I think
that we can all agree that something must be done to reduce the price
of gasoline for consumers. The American people want us to work together
to lower gas prices, plain and simple. They know our country is far too
reliant on foreign oil, and they want us to do something real about it,
plain and simple. Mr. Speaker, some things deserve to be repeated, and
I'll tell you that the American people want us to come together to
lower gas prices, plain and simple.
At a time when gas prices are at historic highs, if we're going to
produce more from American drilling, we should keep it in America to
help Americans. We've heard from the other side that the solution is as
simple as producing more oil in the U.S., but that's not going to lower
costs in international energy markets. That's not how it works.
Mr. Speaker, U.S. domestic oil production is already at its highest
level in almost a decade, and that's a fact. In the last 2 years, oil
production from the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf has increased by more
than a third, and that's a fact. So, while we see our domestic
production going up, the price at the pump is going up even higher, and
that's hurting families.
Without this amendment, there is nothing in the Republican bill that
would guarantee that oil produced under this act would stay in the
United States to offer relief for the American people. Yet, Mr.
Speaker, we can change all of that, and we can do it together and do
what's right for the American people. We can support this amendment
that simply says that oil produced in the United States under these
leases would stay in the United States.
My Republican colleagues will tell us that this bill is about sending
a message to OPEC and to the world that we are willing to produce our
own oil. If we're going to send a message, Mr. Speaker, let's send the
message that when we drill on the taxpayers' land that America's oil
should stay right here in America to lower prices at the pump, plain
and simple.
To my colleagues, when you go home to your districts this weekend,
ask your constituents if they think oil produced in the U.S. should be
kept in the U.S. and refined in the U.S. for American consumers,
American families, and American businesses or if they think it should
be shipped out of the country.
What do you think they'll say?
Quite simply, that is the choice, and that is all this final
amendment says.
[[Page H3093]]
It will not kill this bill. If it is adopted, it will be immediately
incorporated into the underlying bill, and the bill will be voted upon
immediately. Let's do something for the American people, and plain and
simple, let's support this amendment. I urge my colleagues to vote
``yes.''
I yield back the balance of my time.
{time} 1320
Announcement by the Speaker Pro Tempore
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will remind the Members that
remarks in debate must be addressed to the Chair.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reservation,
and I rise in opposition to the motion.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is recognized for 5 minutes.
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I oppose this motion to
recommit.
Quite frankly, this amendment is redundant, unnecessary, and another
attempt to divert attention from the real issue of increasing energy
production in order to create jobs, lower energy costs, and improve
national security by lessening our dependence on foreign oil.
First, Mr. Speaker, exports are already subject to the Export
Administration Act. Before any oil or gas can be exported, the
President must find that the exports will not diminish the total
quantity or quality of petroleum available to the U.S. and the national
interests and are in accord with the provisions of the Export
Administration Act of 1969. If the President finds that exports are in
violation of the Export Administration Act, an executive order can halt
all these exports if Congress finds that the exports are in conflict
with the national interests, and they can act accordingly.
Now, having said it is covered under law, let's really get to the
bottom line. This is another distraction from the same people that
brought us cap-and-trade. Now, that should probably say everything
right there because I find it absolutely ironic my good friend from New
Mexico making this argument that if we went out and talked to our
constituents if they would like to buy American-made energy, he
suggested they would say overwhelmingly yes. Well, of course, they
would. They would also say why aren't we drilling for sources here in
the United States, offshore in the Gulf of Mexico and onshore; and
that's what these three bills do.
So I urge my colleagues to vote against this motion to recommit and
pass the bill.
I yield back the balance of my time.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, the previous question is
ordered on the motion to recommit.
There was no objection.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion to recommit.
The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that
the noes appeared to have it.
Recorded Vote
Mr. LUJAN. Mr. Speaker, I demand a recorded vote.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 9 of rule XX, the Chair
will reduce to 5 minutes the minimum time for any electronic vote on
the question of passage.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 171,
noes 238, not voting 23, as follows:
[Roll No. 297]
AYES--171
Altmire
Andrews
Baca
Baldwin
Barrow
Bass (CA)
Becerra
Berman
Bishop (GA)
Bishop (NY)
Blumenauer
Boren
Boswell
Brady (PA)
Braley (IA)
Brown (FL)
Butterfield
Capps
Capuano
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carney
Carson (IN)
Castor (FL)
Chandler
Chu
Cicilline
Clarke (MI)
Clarke (NY)
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Cohen
Connolly (VA)
Conyers
Costa
Costello
Courtney
Critz
Cuellar
Davis (CA)
Davis (IL)
DeFazio
DeGette
DeLauro
Deutch
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Donnelly (IN)
Doyle
Edwards
Ellison
Eshoo
Farr
Fattah
Filner
Fudge
Garamendi
Gonzalez
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Hanabusa
Hastings (FL)
Heinrich
Higgins
Himes
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Holden
Holt
Honda
Hoyer
Inslee
Israel
Jackson (IL)
Jackson Lee (TX)
Johnson (GA)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones
Kaptur
Keating
Kildee
Kind
Kissell
Kucinich
Langevin
Larsen (WA)
Larson (CT)
Lee (CA)
Levin
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
Loebsack
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lujan
Lynch
Maloney
Markey
Matheson
Matsui
McCarthy (NY)
McCollum
McDermott
McGovern
McIntyre
McNerney
Michaud
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Moore
Moran
Murphy (CT)
Napolitano
Neal
Pallone
Pastor (AZ)
Payne
Pelosi
Perlmutter
Peters
Peterson
Pingree (ME)
Price (NC)
Quigley
Rahall
Richmond
Ross (AR)
Roybal-Allard
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sarbanes
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schrader
Schwartz
Scott (VA)
Scott, David
Serrano
Sewell
Sherman
Shuler
Sires
Slaughter
Smith (WA)
Speier
Stark
Sutton
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tierney
Tonko
Towns
Tsongas
Velazquez
Visclosky
Walz (MN)
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watt
Waxman
Welch
Wilson (FL)
Woolsey
Wu
Yarmuth
NOES--238
Adams
Aderholt
Akin
Alexander
Amash
Austria
Bachmann
Bachus
Barletta
Bartlett
Barton (TX)
Bass (NH)
Benishek
Berg
Biggert
Bilirakis
Bishop (UT)
Black
Blackburn
Bonner
Bono Mack
Boustany
Brady (TX)
Brooks
Broun (GA)
Buchanan
Bucshon
Buerkle
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Calvert
Camp
Campbell
Canseco
Cantor
Capito
Carter
Cassidy
Chabot
Chaffetz
Coble
Coffman (CO)
Cole
Conaway
Cooper
Cravaack
Crawford
Crenshaw
Culberson
Davis (KY)
Denham
Dent
DesJarlais
Diaz-Balart
Dold
Dreier
Duffy
Duncan (SC)
Duncan (TN)
Ellmers
Farenthold
Fincher
Fitzpatrick
Flake
Fleischmann
Fleming
Flores
Forbes
Fortenberry
Foxx
Frank (MA)
Franks (AZ)
Frelinghuysen
Gardner
Garrett
Gerlach
Gibbs
Gibson
Gingrey (GA)
Gohmert
Goodlatte
Gosar
Gowdy
Granger
Graves (GA)
Graves (MO)
Griffin (AR)
Griffith (VA)
Grimm
Guinta
Guthrie
Hall
Hanna
Harper
Harris
Hartzler
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Heck
Heller
Hensarling
Herger
Herrera Beutler
Huelskamp
Huizenga (MI)
Hultgren
Hunter
Hurt
Issa
Jenkins
Johnson (IL)
Johnson (OH)
Jordan
Kelly
King (IA)
Kingston
Kinzinger (IL)
Kline
Labrador
Lamborn
Lance
Landry
Lankford
Latham
LaTourette
Latta
Lewis (CA)
LoBiondo
Long
Lucas
Luetkemeyer
Lummis
Lungren, Daniel E.
Mack
Manzullo
Marchant
Marino
McCarthy (CA)
McCaul
McClintock
McCotter
McHenry
McKeon
McKinley
McMorris Rodgers
Meehan
Mica
Miller (FL)
Miller (MI)
Miller, Gary
Mulvaney
Murphy (PA)
Myrick
Neugebauer
Noem
Nugent
Nunes
Nunnelee
Olson
Owens
Palazzo
Paul
Paulsen
Pearce
Pence
Petri
Pitts
Platts
Poe (TX)
Polis
Pompeo
Posey
Price (GA)
Quayle
Reed
Rehberg
Reichert
Renacci
Ribble
Rigell
Rivera
Roby
Roe (TN)
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Rokita
Rooney
Ros-Lehtinen
Roskam
Ross (FL)
Royce
Runyan
Ryan (WI)
Scalise
Schilling
Schmidt
Schock
Schweikert
Scott (SC)
Scott, Austin
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shimkus
Shuster
Simpson
Smith (NE)
Smith (NJ)
Smith (TX)
Southerland
Stearns
Stivers
Stutzman
Sullivan
Terry
Thompson (PA)
Thornberry
Tiberi
Tipton
Turner
Upton
Walberg
Walden
Walsh (IL)
Webster
West
Westmoreland
Whitfield
Wilson (SC)
Wittman
Wolf
Womack
Woodall
Yoder
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
Young (IN)
NOT VOTING--23
Ackerman
Berkley
Bilbray
Crowley
Cummings
Emerson
Engel
Gallegly
Giffords
Hirono
Johnson, Sam
King (NY)
Meeks
Nadler
Olver
Pascrell
Rangel
Reyes
Richardson
Rothman (NJ)
Sanchez, Loretta
Van Hollen
Weiner
{time} 1339
So the motion to recommit was rejected.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Ms. BERKLEY. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall No. 297 had I been present I
would have voted ``aye.'' I was unfortunately detained and unable to
vote.
Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall No. 297, I was unavoidably
detained. Had I been present, I would have voted ``aye.''
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the passage of the bill.
The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that
the ayes appeared to have it.
Recorded Vote
Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I demand a recorded vote.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. This will be a 5-minute vote.
[[Page H3094]]
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 266,
noes 149, not voting 17, as follows:
[Roll No. 298]
AYES--266
Adams
Aderholt
Akin
Alexander
Altmire
Amash
Austria
Bachmann
Bachus
Barletta
Barrow
Bartlett
Barton (TX)
Bass (NH)
Benishek
Berg
Biggert
Bilirakis
Bishop (GA)
Bishop (UT)
Black
Blackburn
Bonner
Bono Mack
Boren
Boswell
Boustany
Brady (TX)
Brooks
Broun (GA)
Buchanan
Bucshon
Buerkle
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Calvert
Camp
Campbell
Canseco
Cantor
Capito
Cardoza
Carter
Cassidy
Chabot
Chaffetz
Chandler
Coble
Coffman (CO)
Cole
Conaway
Conyers
Cooper
Costa
Cravaack
Crawford
Crenshaw
Critz
Cuellar
Culberson
Davis (KY)
Denham
Dent
DesJarlais
Diaz-Balart
Dold
Donnelly (IN)
Dreier
Duffy
Duncan (SC)
Duncan (TN)
Ellmers
Farenthold
Fattah
Fincher
Fitzpatrick
Flake
Fleischmann
Fleming
Flores
Forbes
Fortenberry
Foxx
Franks (AZ)
Frelinghuysen
Gardner
Garrett
Gerlach
Gibbs
Gibson
Gingrey (GA)
Gohmert
Gonzalez
Goodlatte
Gosar
Gowdy
Granger
Graves (GA)
Graves (MO)
Green, Al
Griffin (AR)
Griffith (VA)
Grimm
Guinta
Guthrie
Hall
Hanna
Harper
Harris
Hartzler
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Heck
Heller
Hensarling
Herger
Herrera Beutler
Hinojosa
Holden
Huelskamp
Huizenga (MI)
Hultgren
Hunter
Hurt
Issa
Jackson Lee (TX)
Jenkins
Johnson (IL)
Johnson (OH)
Johnson, E. B.
Jordan
Kelly
King (IA)
Kingston
Kinzinger (IL)
Kline
Labrador
Lamborn
Lance
Landry
Lankford
Latham
LaTourette
Latta
Lewis (CA)
LoBiondo
Long
Lucas
Luetkemeyer
Lummis
Lungren, Daniel E.
Mack
Manzullo
Marchant
Marino
Matheson
McCarthy (CA)
McCaul
McClintock
McCotter
McHenry
McIntyre
McKeon
McKinley
McMorris Rodgers
Meehan
Mica
Miller (FL)
Miller (MI)
Miller, Gary
Mulvaney
Murphy (PA)
Myrick
Neugebauer
Noem
Nugent
Nunes
Nunnelee
Olson
Owens
Palazzo
Paul
Paulsen
Pearce
Pence
Peterson
Petri
Pitts
Platts
Poe (TX)
Pompeo
Posey
Price (GA)
Quayle
Rahall
Reed
Rehberg
Reichert
Renacci
Reyes
Ribble
Richardson
Richmond
Rigell
Rivera
Roby
Roe (TN)
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Rokita
Rooney
Roskam
Ross (AR)
Ross (FL)
Royce
Runyan
Ryan (WI)
Scalise
Schilling
Schmidt
Schock
Schweikert
Scott (SC)
Scott, Austin
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Sewell
Shimkus
Shuler
Shuster
Simpson
Smith (NE)
Smith (NJ)
Smith (TX)
Southerland
Stearns
Stivers
Stutzman
Sullivan
Terry
Thompson (MS)
Thompson (PA)
Thornberry
Tiberi
Tipton
Turner
Upton
Walberg
Walden
Walsh (IL)
Walz (MN)
Webster
West
Westmoreland
Whitfield
Wilson (SC)
Wittman
Wolf
Womack
Woodall
Yoder
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
Young (IN)
NOES--149
Andrews
Baca
Baldwin
Bass (CA)
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Bishop (NY)
Blumenauer
Brady (PA)
Braley (IA)
Brown (FL)
Butterfield
Capps
Capuano
Carnahan
Carney
Carson (IN)
Castor (FL)
Chu
Cicilline
Clarke (MI)
Clarke (NY)
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Cohen
Connolly (VA)
Costello
Courtney
Cummings
Davis (CA)
Davis (IL)
DeFazio
DeGette
DeLauro
Deutch
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Doyle
Edwards
Ellison
Eshoo
Farr
Filner
Frank (MA)
Fudge
Garamendi
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Hanabusa
Hastings (FL)
Heinrich
Higgins
Himes
Hinchey
Hirono
Holt
Honda
Hoyer
Inslee
Israel
Jackson (IL)
Johnson (GA)
Jones
Kaptur
Keating
Kildee
Kind
Kissell
Kucinich
Langevin
Larsen (WA)
Larson (CT)
Lee (CA)
Levin
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
Loebsack
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lujan
Lynch
Maloney
Markey
Matsui
McCarthy (NY)
McCollum
McDermott
McGovern
McNerney
Michaud
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Moore
Moran
Murphy (CT)
Napolitano
Neal
Pallone
Pastor (AZ)
Payne
Pelosi
Perlmutter
Peters
Pingree (ME)
Polis
Price (NC)
Quigley
Ros-Lehtinen
Roybal-Allard
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sarbanes
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schrader
Schwartz
Scott (VA)
Scott, David
Serrano
Sherman
Sires
Slaughter
Smith (WA)
Speier
Stark
Sutton
Thompson (CA)
Tierney
Tonko
Towns
Tsongas
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watt
Waxman
Welch
Wilson (FL)
Woolsey
Wu
Yarmuth
NOT VOTING--17
Ackerman
Bilbray
Crowley
Emerson
Engel
Gallegly
Giffords
Green, Gene
Johnson, Sam
King (NY)
Meeks
Nadler
Olver
Pascrell
Rangel
Rothman (NJ)
Weiner
{time} 1359
Messrs. MILLER of North Carolina, SCHRADER, BUTTERFIELD, and PRICE of
North Carolina changed their vote from ``aye'' to ``no.''
So the bill was passed.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
Stated for:
Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall No. 298, had I been
present, I would have voted ``aye.''
____________________