[Congressional Record Volume 156, Number 173 (Wednesday, December 22, 2010)]
[Senate]
[Pages S11054-S11057]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
RECOGNIZING THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL INTEREST IN HELPING TO PREVENT
MASS ATROCITIES
Mr. BAYH. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate
proceed to the immediate consideration of Calendar No. 722, S. Con.
Res. 71.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report the resolution by title.
The assistant legislative clerk read as follows:
A concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 71) recognizing the
United States national interest in helping to prevent and
mitigate acts of genocide and other mass atrocities against
civilians, and supporting and encouraging efforts to develop
a whole of government approach to prevent and mitigate such
acts.
There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the
concurrent resolution with an amendment and an amendment to the
preamble, as follows:
[Strike the parts shown in boldface brackets and insert the parts
printed in italic.]
S. Con. Res. 71
[Whereas, in the aftermath of the Holocaust, the
international community vowed ``never again'' to allow
systematic killings on the basis of nationality, ethnicity,
race, or religion;
[Whereas a number of other genocides and mass atrocities
have occurred, both prior to and since that time;
[Whereas the United States Government has undertaken many
initiatives to ensure that victims of genocide and mass
atrocities are not forgotten, and as a leader in the
international community, the United States has committed to
work with international partners to prevent genocide and mass
atrocities and to help protect civilian populations at risk
of such;
[Whereas the United Nations General Assembly adopted the
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of
Genocide in 1948, which declares genocide, whether committed
in a time of peace or in a time of war, a crime under
international law, and declares that the parties to the
Convention will undertake to prevent and to punish that
crime;
[Whereas the United States was the first nation to sign the
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of
Genocide, and the Senate voted to ratify the Convention on
the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide on
February 11, 1986;
[Whereas the Act entitled, ``An Act to establish the United
States Holocaust Memorial Council'', approved October 7, 1980
(Public Law 96-388), established the United States Holocaust
Memorial Council to commemorate the Holocaust, establish a
memorial museum to the victims, and develop a committee to
stimulate worldwide action to prevent or stop future
genocides;
[Whereas the passage of the Genocide Convention
Implementation Act of 1987 (Public Law 100-606), also known
as the Proxmire Act, made genocide a crime under United
States law;
[Whereas, in response to lessons learned from Rwanda and
Bosnia, President William J. Clinton established a genocide
and mass atrocities early warning system by establishing an
Atrocities Prevention Interagency Working Group, chaired by
an Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues from 1998 to
2000;
[Whereas, in 2005, the United States and all other members
of the United Nations agreed that the international community
has ``a responsibility to use appropriate diplomatic,
humanitarian and other peaceful means, in accordance with
Chapter VI and VIII of the United Nations Charter, to help
protect populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic
cleansing and crimes against humanity,'' and to take direct
action if national authorities are unwilling or unable to
protect their populations;
[Whereas the 2006 National Security Strategy of the United
States stated, ``The world needs to start honoring a
principle that many believe has lost its force in parts of
the international community in recent years: genocide must
not be tolerated. It is a moral imperative that states take
action to prevent and punish genocide. . . .
We must refine United States Government efforts--economic,
diplomatic, and law-enforcement--so that they target those
individuals responsible for genocide and not the innocent
citizens they rule.'';
[Whereas the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the
American Academy of Diplomacy, and the United States
Institute of Peace convened a Genocide Prevention Task Force,
co-chaired by former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright
and former Secretary of Defense William Cohen, to explore how
the United States Government could better respond to threats
of genocide and mass atrocities;
[Whereas the final report of the Genocide Prevention Task
Force, released in December 2008, concluded that the lack of
an overarching policy framework or a standing interagency
process, as well as insufficient and uncoordinated
institutional capacities, undermines the ability of the
United States Government to help prevent genocide or mass
killings and offered recommendations for creating a
government wide strategy;
[Whereas the former Director of National Intelligence, in
his annual threat assessment to Congress in February 2010,
highlighted countries at risk of genocide and mass atrocities
and stated, ``Within the past 3 years, the Democratic
Republic of Congo and Sudan all suffered mass killing
episodes through violence starvation, or death in prison
camps. . . . Looking ahead over the next 5 years, a number of
countries in Africa and Asia are at significant risk for a
new outbreak of mass killing.'';
[Whereas the Quadrennial Defense Review, released in
February 2010, states that the Defense Department should be
prepared to provide the President with options for
``preventing human suffering due to mass atrocities or large-
scale natural disasters abroad'';
[Whereas the 2010 National Security Strategy notes, ``The
United States is committed to working with our allies, and to
strengthening our own internal capabilities, in order to
ensure that the United States and the international community
are proactively engaged in a strategic effort to prevent mass
atrocities and genocide. In the event that prevention fails,
the United States will work both multilaterally and
bilaterally to mobilize diplomatic, humanitarian, financial,
and--in certain instances--military means to prevent and
respond to genocide and mass atrocities.'';
[Whereas genocide and mass atrocities often result from and
contribute to instability and conflict, which can cross
borders and exacerbate threats to international security and
the national security of the United States;
[Whereas the failure to prevent genocide and mass
atrocities can lead to significant costs resulting from
regional instability, refugee flows, peacekeeping, economic
loss, and the challenges of post-conflict reconstruction and
reconciliation; and
[Whereas United States leadership and actions toward
preventing and mitigating future genocides and mass
atrocities can save human lives and help foster beneficial
global partnerships: Now, therefore, be it]
Whereas, in the aftermath of the Holocaust, the
international community vowed ``never again'' to allow
systematic killings on the basis of nationality, ethnicity,
race, or religion;
Whereas a number of other genocides and mass atrocities
have occurred, both prior to and since that time;
Whereas the United States Government has undertaken many
initiatives to ensure that victims of genocide and mass
atrocities are not forgotten, and as a leader in the
international community, the United States has committed to
work with international partners to help to prevent genocide
and mass atrocities and to help protect civilian populations
at risk of such;
Whereas the United Nations General Assembly adopted the
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of
Genocide in 1948, which declares genocide, whether committed
in a time of peace or in a time of war, a crime under
international law, and declares that the parties to the
Convention will undertake to prevent and to punish that
crime;
Whereas the United States was the first nation to sign the
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of
Genocide, and the Senate voted to ratify the Convention on
the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide on
February 11, 1986;
Whereas the Act entitled, ``An Act to establish the United
States Holocaust Memorial Council'', approved October 7, 1980
(Public Law 96-388),
[[Page S11055]]
established the United States Holocaust Memorial Council to
commemorate the Holocaust, establish a memorial museum to the
victims, and develop a committee to stimulate worldwide
action to prevent or stop future genocides;
Whereas the passage of the Genocide Convention
Implementation Act of 1987 (Public Law 100-606), also known
as the Proxmire Act, made genocide a crime under United
States law;
Whereas, in response to lessons learned from Rwanda and
Bosnia, President William J. Clinton established a genocide
and mass atrocities early warning system by establishing an
Atrocities Prevention Interagency Working Group, chaired by
an Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues from 1998 to
2000;
Whereas, in 2005, the United States and all other members
of the United Nations agreed that the international community
has ``a responsibility to use appropriate diplomatic,
humanitarian and other peaceful means, in accordance with
Chapter VI and VIII of the United Nations Charter, to help
protect populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic
cleansing and crimes against humanity'';
Whereas the United States and all other members of the
United Nations further pledged that they were ``prepared to
take collective action, in a timely and decisive manner,
through the Security Council, in accordance with the [UN]
Charter, including Chapter VII, on a case-by-case basis and
in cooperation with relevant regional organizations as
appropriate, should peaceful means be inadequate and national
authorities are manifestly failing to protect their
populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and
crimes against humanity'';
Whereas the 2006 National Security Strategy of the United
States stated, ``The world needs to start honoring a
principle that many believe has lost its force in parts of
the international community in recent years: genocide must
not be tolerated. It is a moral imperative that states take
action to prevent and punish genocide. . .. We must refine
United States Government efforts--economic, diplomatic, and
law-enforcement--so that they target those individuals
responsible for genocide and not the innocent citizens they
rule.'';
Whereas the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the
American Academy of Diplomacy, and the United States
Institute of Peace convened a Genocide Prevention Task Force,
co-chaired by former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright
and former Secretary of Defense William Cohen, to explore how
the United States Government could better respond to threats
of genocide and mass atrocities;
Whereas the final report of the Genocide Prevention Task
Force, released in December 2008, concluded that the lack of
an overarching policy framework or a standing interagency
process, as well as insufficient and uncoordinated
institutional capacities, undermines the ability of the
United States Government to help prevent genocide or mass
killings and offered recommendations for creating a
government wide strategy;
Whereas, in February 2010, the former Director of National
Intelligence, in his annual threat assessment to Congress,
highlighted countries at risk of genocide and mass atrocities
and stated, ``Within the past 3 years, the Democratic
Republic of Congo and Sudan all suffered mass killing
episodes through violence starvation, or death in prison
camps. . .. Looking ahead over the next 5 years, a number of
countries in Africa and Asia are at significant risk for a
new outbreak of mass killing.'';
Whereas the Quadrennial Defense Review, released in
February 2010, states that the Defense Department should be
prepared to provide the President with options for
``preventing human suffering due to mass atrocities or large-
scale natural disasters abroad'';
Whereas the 2010 National Security Strategy notes, ``The
United States is committed to working with our allies, and to
strengthening our own internal capabilities, in order to
ensure that the United States and the international community
are proactively engaged in a strategic effort to prevent mass
atrocities and genocide. In the event that prevention fails,
the United States will work both multilaterally and
bilaterally to mobilize diplomatic, humanitarian, financial,
and--in certain instances--military means to prevent and
respond to genocide and mass atrocities.'';
Whereas genocide and mass atrocities often result from and
contribute to instability and conflict, which can cross
borders and exacerbate threats to international security and
the national security of the United States;
Whereas the failure to prevent genocide and mass atrocities
can lead to significant costs resulting from regional
instability, refugee flows, peacekeeping, economic loss, and
the challenges of post-conflict reconstruction and
reconciliation; and
Whereas United States leadership and actions toward
preventing and mitigating future genocides and mass
atrocities can save human lives and help foster beneficial
global partnerships: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives
concurring), [That the Senate--
[(1) recommits to honor the memory of the victims of the
Holocaust as well as the victims of all past genocides and
mass atrocities;
[(2) affirms that it is in the national interest and
aligned with the values of the United States to work
vigorously with international partners to prevent and
mitigate future genocides and mass atrocities;
[(3) supports efforts made thus far by the President, the
Secretary of State, the Administrator of the United States
Agency for International Development, the Secretary of
Defense, and the Director of National Intelligence to improve
the capacity of the United States Government to anticipate,
prevent, and address genocide and mass atrocities, including
the establishment of an interagency policy committee and a
National Security Council position dedicated to the
prevention of genocide and other mass atrocities;
[(4) urges the President--
[(A) to direct relevant departments and agencies of the
United States Government to review and evaluate existing
capacities for anticipating, preventing, and responding to
genocide and other mass atrocities, and to determine specific
steps to coordinate and enhance those capacities; and
[(B) to develop and communicate a whole of government
approach and policy to anticipate, prevent, and mitigate acts
of genocide and other mass atrocities;
[(5) urges the Secretary of State, working closely with the
Administrator of the United States Agency for International
Development--
[(A) to ensure that all relevant officers of the Foreign
Service and particularly those deploying to areas undergoing
significant conflict or considered to be at risk of
significant conflict, genocide, and other mass atrocities
receive appropriate advanced training in early warning and
conflict prevention, mitigation, and resolution;
[(B) to determine appropriate leadership, structure,
programs, and mechanisms within the Department of State and
the United States Agency for International Development that
can enhance efforts to prevent genocide and other mass
atrocities; and
[(C) to include relevant recommendations for enhancing
civilian capacities to help prevent and mitigate genocide and
mass atrocities in the upcoming Quadrennial Diplomacy and
Development Review;
[(6) urges the Secretary of the Treasury, working in
consultation with the Secretary of State, to review how
sanctions and other financial tools could be used against
state and commercial actors found to be directly supporting
or enabling genocides and mass atrocities;
[(7) recognizes the importance of flexible contingency
crisis funding to enable United States civilian agencies to
respond quickly to help prevent and mitigate crises that
could lead to significant armed conflict, genocide, and other
mass atrocities;
[(8) urges the Secretary of Defense to conduct an analysis
of the doctrine, organization, training, material,
leadership, personnel, and facilities required to prevent and
respond to genocide and mass atrocities;
[(9) encourages the Secretary of State and Secretary of
Defense to work with the relevant congressional committees to
ensure that a priority goal of all United States security
assistance and training is to support legitimate, accountable
security forces committed to upholding the sovereign
responsibility to protect civilian populations from violence,
especially genocide and other mass atrocities;
[(10) supports efforts by the United States Government to
provide logistical, communications, and intelligence support,
as appropriate, to assist multilateral diplomatic efforts and
peace operations in preventing mass atrocities and protecting
civilians;
[(11) calls on other members of the international community
to increase their support for multilateral diplomatic efforts
and peace operations to more effectively prevent mass
atrocities and protect civilians;
[(12) encourages the Secretary of State to work closely
with regional and international organizations, the United
Nations Special Adviser for the Prevention of Genocide, and
civil society experts to develop and expand multilateral
mechanisms for early warning, information sharing, and rapid
response diplomacy for the prevention of genocide and other
mass atrocities; and
[(13) commits to calling attention to areas at risk of
genocide and other mass atrocities and ensuring that the
United States Government has the tools and resources to
enable its efforts to prevent genocide and mass atrocities.]
That the Senate--
(1) recommits to honor the memory of the victims of the
Holocaust as well as the victims of all past genocides and
mass atrocities;
(2) affirms that it is in the national interest and aligned
with the values of the United States to work vigorously with
international partners to prevent and mitigate future
genocides and mass atrocities;
(3) supports the establishment of an interagency policy
committee and a National Security Council position dedicated
to the prevention of genocide and other mass atrocities;
(4) urges the President--
(A) to direct relevant departments and agencies of the
United States Government to review and evaluate existing
capacities for anticipating, preventing, and responding to
genocide and other mass atrocities, and to determine specific
steps to coordinate and enhance those capacities; and
(B) to develop and communicate a whole of government
approach and policy to anticipate, prevent, and mitigate acts
of genocide and other mass atrocities;
(5) urges the Secretary of State, working closely with the
Administrator of the United States Agency for International
Development--
(A) to ensure that all relevant officers of the Foreign
Service and particularly those deploying to areas undergoing
significant conflict or considered to be at risk of
significant conflict, genocide, and other mass atrocities
receive appropriate advanced training in early warning and
conflict prevention, mitigation, and resolution;
[[Page S11056]]
(B) to determine appropriate leadership, structure,
programs, and mechanisms within the Department of State and
the United States Agency for International Development that
can enhance efforts to help to prevent genocide and other
mass atrocities; and
(C) to ensure recommendations for enhancing civilian
capacities to help prevent and mitigate genocide and mass
atrocities in the upcoming Quadrennial Diplomacy and
Development Review;
(6) urges the Secretary of the Treasury, working in
consultation with the Secretary of State, to review how
sanctions and other financial tools could be used against
individuals and entities found to be directly supporting or
enabling genocides and mass atrocities;
(7) recognizes the importance of flexible contingency
crisis funding to enable United States civilian agencies to
respond quickly to help prevent and mitigate crises that
could lead to significant armed conflict, genocide, and other
mass atrocities;
(8) urges the Secretary of Defense to conduct an analysis
of the doctrine, organization, training, material,
leadership, personnel, and facilities required to help
prevent and respond to genocide and mass atrocities;
(9) encourages the Secretary of State and Secretary of
Defense to work with the relevant congressional committees to
promote the effective use of United States security
assistance and training is to support legitimate, accountable
security forces committed to upholding the sovereign
responsibility to protect civilian populations from violence,
especially genocide and other mass atrocities;
(10) supports efforts by the United States Government to
provide logistical, communications, and intelligence support,
as appropriate, to assist multilateral diplomatic efforts and
peace operations in preventing mass atrocities and protecting
civilians;
(11) calls on other members of the international community
to increase their support for multilateral diplomatic efforts
and peace operations to more effectively prevent mass
atrocities and protect civilians;
(12) encourages the Secretary of State to work closely with
regional and international organizations, the United Nations
Special Adviser for the Prevention of Genocide, and civil
society experts to develop and expand multilateral mechanisms
for early warning, information sharing, and rapid response
diplomacy for the prevention of genocide and other mass
atrocities; and
(13) commits to calling attention to areas at risk of
genocide and other mass atrocities and ensuring that the
United States Government has the tools and resources to
enable its efforts to help prevent genocide and mass
atrocities.
Mr. BAYH. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the committee-
reported substitute to the concurrent resolution be agreed, the
concurrent resolution, as amended, be agreed to, the committee-reported
amendment to the preamble be agreed to, the preamble, as amended, be
agreed to, the motions to reconsider be laid upon the table, with no
intervening action or debate, and that any statements related to the
measure be printed in the Record.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
The committee amendment in the nature of a substitute was agreed to.
The concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 71), as amended, was agreed
to.
The committee amendment to the preamble was agreed to.
The preamble, as amended, was agreed to.
The concurrent resolution, as amended, with its preamble, as amended,
reads as follows:
S. Con. Res. 71
Whereas in the aftermath of the Holocaust, the
international community vowed ``never again'' to allow
systematic killings on the basis of nationality, ethnicity,
race, or religion;
Whereas a number of other genocides and mass atrocities
have occurred, both prior to and since that time;
Whereas the United States Government has undertaken many
initiatives to ensure that victims of genocide and mass
atrocities are not forgotten, and as a leader in the
international community, the United States has committed to
work with international partners to help to prevent genocide
and mass atrocities and to help protect civilian populations
at risk of such;
Whereas the United Nations General Assembly adopted the
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of
Genocide in 1948, which declares genocide, whether committed
in a time of peace or in a time of war, a crime under
international law, and declares that the parties to the
Convention will undertake to prevent and to punish that
crime;
Whereas the United States was the first nation to sign the
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of
Genocide, and the Senate voted to ratify the Convention on
the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide on
February 11, 1986;
Whereas the Act entitled, ``An Act to establish the United
States Holocaust Memorial Council'', approved October 7, 1980
(Public Law 96-388), established the United States Holocaust
Memorial Council to commemorate the Holocaust, establish a
memorial museum to the victims, and develop a committee to
stimulate worldwide action to prevent or stop future
genocides;
Whereas the passage of the Genocide Convention
Implementation Act of 1987 (Public Law 100-606), also known
as the Proxmire Act, made genocide a crime under United
States law;
Whereas in response to lessons learned from Rwanda and
Bosnia, President William J. Clinton established a genocide
and mass atrocities early warning system by establishing an
Atrocities Prevention Interagency Working Group, chaired by
an Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues from 1998 to
2000;
Whereas, in 2005, the United States and all other members
of the United Nations agreed that the international community
has ``a responsibility to use appropriate diplomatic,
humanitarian and other peaceful means, in accordance with
Chapter VI and VIII of the United Nations Charter, to help
protect populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic
cleansing and crimes against humanity'';
Whereas the United States and all other members of the
United Nations further pledged that they were ``prepared to
take collective action, in a timely and decisive manner,
through the Security Council, in accordance with the [UN]
Charter, including Chapter VII, on a case-by-case basis and
in cooperation with relevant regional organizations as
appropriate, should peaceful means be inadequate and national
authorities are manifestly failing to protect their
populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and
crimes against humanity'';
Whereas the 2006 National Security Strategy of the United
States stated, ``The world needs to start honoring a
principle that many believe has lost its force in parts of
the international community in recent years: genocide must
not be tolerated. It is a moral imperative that states take
action to prevent and punish genocide. . . . We must refine
United States Government efforts--economic, diplomatic, and
law-enforcement--so that they target those individuals
responsible for genocide and not the innocent citizens they
rule.'';
Whereas the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the
American Academy of Diplomacy, and the United States
Institute of Peace convened a Genocide Prevention Task Force,
co-chaired by former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright
and former Secretary of Defense William Cohen, to explore how
the United States Government could better respond to threats
of genocide and mass atrocities;
Whereas the final report of the Genocide Prevention Task
Force, released in December 2008, concluded that the lack of
an overarching policy framework or a standing interagency
process, as well as insufficient and uncoordinated
institutional capacities, undermines the ability of the
United States Government to help prevent genocide or mass
killings and offered recommendations for creating a
government wide strategy;
Whereas, in February 2010, the former Director of National
Intelligence, in his annual threat assessment to Congress,
highlighted countries at risk of genocide and mass atrocities
and stated, ``Within the past 3 years, the Democratic
Republic of Congo and Sudan all suffered mass killing
episodes through violence starvation, or death in prison
camps. . . . Looking ahead over the next 5 years, a number of
countries in Africa and Asia are at significant risk for a
new outbreak of mass killing.'';
Whereas the Quadrennial Defense Review, released in
February 2010, states that the Defense Department should be
prepared to provide the President with options for
``preventing human suffering due to mass atrocities or large-
scale natural disasters abroad'';
Whereas the 2010 National Security Strategy notes, ``The
United States is committed to working with our allies, and to
strengthening our own internal capabilities, in order to
ensure that the United States and the international community
are proactively engaged in a strategic effort to prevent mass
atrocities and genocide. In the event that prevention fails,
the United States will work both multilaterally and
bilaterally to mobilize diplomatic, humanitarian, financial,
and--in certain instances--military means to prevent and
respond to genocide and mass atrocities.'';
Whereas genocide and mass atrocities often result from and
contribute to instability and conflict, which can cross
borders and exacerbate threats to international security and
the national security of the United States;
Whereas the failure to prevent genocide and mass atrocities
can lead to significant costs resulting from regional
instability, refugee flows, peacekeeping, economic loss, and
the challenges of post-conflict reconstruction and
reconciliation; and
Whereas United States leadership and actions toward
preventing and mitigating future genocides and mass
atrocities can save human lives and help foster beneficial
global partnerships: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives
concurring), That the Senate--
(1) recommits to honor the memory of the victims of the
Holocaust as well as the victims of all past genocides and
mass atrocities;
(2) affirms that it is in the national interest and aligned
with the values of the United States to work vigorously with
international partners to prevent and mitigate future
genocides and mass atrocities;
[[Page S11057]]
(3) supports the establishment of an interagency policy
committee and a National Security Council position dedicated
to the prevention of genocide and other mass atrocities;
(4) urges the President--
(A) to direct relevant departments and agencies of the
United States Government to review and evaluate existing
capacities for anticipating, preventing, and responding to
genocide and other mass atrocities, and to determine specific
steps to coordinate and enhance those capacities; and
(B) to develop and communicate a whole of government
approach and policy to anticipate, prevent, and mitigate acts
of genocide and other mass atrocities;
(5) urges the Secretary of State, working closely with the
Administrator of the United States Agency for International
Development--
(A) to ensure that all relevant officers of the Foreign
Service and particularly those deploying to areas undergoing
significant conflict or considered to be at risk of
significant conflict, genocide, and other mass atrocities
receive appropriate advanced training in early warning and
conflict prevention, mitigation, and resolution;
(B) to determine appropriate leadership, structure,
programs, and mechanisms within the Department of State and
the United States Agency for International Development that
can enhance efforts to help to prevent genocide and other
mass atrocities; and
(C) to ensure recommendations for enhancing civilian
capacities to help prevent and mitigate genocide and mass
atrocities in the upcoming Quadrennial Diplomacy and
Development Review;
(6) urges the Secretary of the Treasury, working in
consultation with the Secretary of State, to review how
sanctions and other financial tools could be used against
individuals and entities found to be directly supporting or
enabling genocides and mass atrocities;
(7) recognizes the importance of flexible contingency
crisis funding to enable United States civilian agencies to
respond quickly to help prevent and mitigate crises that
could lead to significant armed conflict, genocide, and other
mass atrocities;
(8) urges the Secretary of Defense to conduct an analysis
of the doctrine, organization, training, material,
leadership, personnel, and facilities required to help
prevent and respond to genocide and mass atrocities;
(9) encourages the Secretary of State and Secretary of
Defense to work with the relevant congressional committees to
promote the effective use of United States security
assistance and training is to support legitimate, accountable
security forces committed to upholding the sovereign
responsibility to protect civilian populations from violence,
especially genocide and other mass atrocities;
(10) supports efforts by the United States Government to
provide logistical, communications, and intelligence support,
as appropriate, to assist multilateral diplomatic efforts and
peace operations in preventing mass atrocities and protecting
civilians;
(11) calls on other members of the international community
to increase their support for multilateral diplomatic efforts
and peace operations to more effectively prevent mass
atrocities and protect civilians;
(12) encourages the Secretary of State to work closely with
regional and international organizations, the United Nations
Special Adviser for the Prevention of Genocide, and civil
society experts to develop and expand multilateral mechanisms
for early warning, information sharing, and rapid response
diplomacy for the prevention of genocide and other mass
atrocities; and
(13) commits to calling attention to areas at risk of
genocide and other mass atrocities and ensuring that the
United States Government has the tools and resources to
enable its efforts to help prevent genocide and mass
atrocities.
____________________