[Congressional Record Volume 156, Number 173 (Wednesday, December 22, 2010)]
[Extensions of Remarks]
[Pages E2248-E2249]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                              REFLECTIONS

                                 ______
                                 

                        HON. JOHN M. SPRATT, JR.

                           of south carolina

                    in the house of representatives

                      Wednesday, December 22, 2010

  Mr. SPRATT. Madam Speaker, when I was elected to Congress 28 years 
ago, it was the fulfillment of a life-long ambition. But I had never 
served in elective office before, and frankly, I wondered how well it 
would wear--all the back-slapping and glad-handing and garrulous talk.
  My first revelation was to find that this House is not made up of 
back-slappers and glad-handlers. It is made up of members who work hard 
to get here, many out of patriotic purpose, hoping that they in their 
time can contribute something worthy of this great country. Most of the 
members are extroverted and energetic, and have to be, to get elected 
every two years.
  At Davidson College, my alma mater; at Oxford on scholarship; at Yale 
Law; in the Pentagon as a young analyst, and as a practicing lawyer, I 
made many good friends, but few as good as the friends I have made 
here. Of all the things I will miss, I will miss most the fellowship 
and camaraderie.
  I first experienced Congress as a young Army officer in the Pentagon, 
working for the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) on defense 
contractors in financial distress, mainly Lockheed Aircraft 
Corporation. As staff at the Department of Defense, we did a lot of 
work that I thought staff at Congress should be doing, particularly if 
Congress hoped to be a co-equal branch. The greatest difference between 
Congress then, from '69 through '71, and Congress 12 years later, when 
I came here in 1983 as an elected member, was staff. Committee staff 
and members' staff both had grown greatly, in quality and quantity. As 
a result, today's Congress is better staffed and equipped, more 
effective and independent, and a lot closer to being co-equal.
  I have had the good fortune of working with talented staff in my 
office and on the committees where I have served; and as I leave, I 
thank them all, because anything I have done of significance, I did 
with their good help.
  My first quest in Congress was to get a good committee assignment. 
After two days of bidding, I had struck at every option and never 
scored a hit. I was at a loss for where to go when Tony Coelho sought 
me out and offered me a seat on the House Armed Services Committee.
  The HASC dove-tailed nicely with my district because the Fifth 
District includes Shaw Air Force Base. But as important as Shaw is, I 
learned that other members had defense interests far larger than mine. 
Since I was not carrying water for a large defense constituency, I had 
the independence to take on troubled systems, like the DIVAD, the 
Division Air Defense gun, which my amendment effectively killed; or the 
MX , which I voted to stop at 50 missiles, or binary chemical weapons, 
which my amendments helped side-track and eventually derail.
  In selecting members for every committee, the leadership tries to 
match the member's interests at home with his committee in the House. 
That's natural and to be expected, but we should also select members 
for ballast--members free to act, ask hard questions, and offer 
amendments.
  At the time I took my seat on Armed Services, the nation was engaged 
in the biggest defense build-up in our peace-time history, and the 
committee chairman presiding over this build-up was well past his 
prime. Elderly and weak, he could barely be heard over the din of noise 
in the committee room. When Les Aspin let it be known that he was going 
to run for the chair, and leap-frog six senior members, I was among the 
first to offer support. We prevailed, and over the next five years, 
Aspin allowed me to set up and chair two panels, the first on Reagan's 
Strategic Defense Initiative, and the second, on the nuclear weapons 
complex. Though both were important, neither was receiving the 
attention it deserved by the committee or any of its subcommittees, due 
to other issues or a lack of interest in these.

  Because of our oversight, we were able to pare back the SDI budget; 
shift funds from strategic missile defense to theater missile defense, 
and wipe out a few far-fetched systems altogether. For example, my 
amendment deleted funding for the space-based interceptor. In the press 
release accompanying passage of the defense bill, the headline read: 
``House Takes the Star out of Star Wars.'' President Reagan did not 
find it amusing; he vetoed the defense bill, but after many years and 
billions of dollars, our cuts have stood the test of time.
  After two years, we had to return SDI to the Research and Development 
Subcommittee, so we set up a new panel dealing with nuclear facilities. 
The Cold War had enabled our nuclear complex to put off environmental 
and safety issues. To deal with these problems, we shifted nearly a 
billion dollars from Defense to Energy, and saved over a billion 
dollars by stopping the Special Isotope Separator, a laser-driven 
process to produce plutonium, even though the Secretary of Energy 
acknowledged we were ``awash in plutonium.''
  We scored a number of such successes, but the most satisfying took 
place largely off stage where we made the case for a moratorium on 
nuclear testing. We first helped Representative. Kopetski draft a bill 
calling for an immediate cessation of testing, and we then drafted an 
alternative that we thought the Senate would pass allowing for a few 
final tests before declaring a moratorium. We proposed the alternative 
to Senators Exon and Hatfield, who took up its support and moved it to 
passage through the Energy and Water Appropriations bill. This saved 
the moratorium from being vetoed because the super-collider was also in 
this bill, and President Bush wanted it to be funded.
  Another satisfying measure: my substitute to the war powers 
resolution authorizing President Bush to use force against Iraq. This 
substitute authorized the force needed to search for weapons of mass 
destruction, but before going further, it called on the president to 
seek the sanction of the U.N. Security Council, as his father had done, 
and to come back to Congress with the case for a broader use of force, 
which would be received with a fast-track guaranty, an up-or-down vote 
in the House and Senate. My substitute did not prevail, but it drew 157 
votes, and gave many members a position they could uphold.
  I made my mark in the House on defense, but during most of my 28 
years, my greatest concern was the budget and chronic deficits. In 
1997, I was elected by the Democratic Caucus as ranking member of the 
Budget Committee. I ran against opposition and told the caucus that if 
I was elected, we would ``finish the job'' of balancing the budget that 
began with President Clinton's first budget. About the same time, 
Erskine Bowles returned to Washington to be the President's Chief of 
Staff, and when he paid me a courtesy call, he told me that he had the 
same understanding with the President. With the President's 
encouragement, the four budget principals in the House and Senate began 
meeting, and by May 1997 we had hammered out a balanced budget 
agreement which worked. By 1998, the budget was in balance for the 
first time in 30 years.
  President Bush took office with an advantage few presidents have 
enjoyed, a budget in balance, in the black by $236 billion the year 
before. I was invited to Austin, Texas with 12 other members to discuss 
defense issues with the incoming president. I used my time to encourage 
President Bush to apply the surplus in Social Security to buy 
outstanding Treasury debt, and reduce Treasury debt held by the public. 
This would increase net national saving, lower public debt, and be a 
long step toward making Social Security solvent. The president-elect 
professed interest but not for long, and by 2004, the deficit was over 
$400 billion.
  President George W. Bush was greeted as he took office by a surplus 
of $200 billion. When he left office in 2009, the surplus was gone, and 
the deficit projected for that fiscal year was $1.2 trillion.
  As I leave Congress, the deficit is hovering around a trillion 
dollars and while improving, current deficits exceed the deficits of 
the mid-1990s by every measure. But the process of resolving both is 
basically the same: everything must be on the table and everyone must 
be at the table.
  As the menu for such a meeting, the President's Fiscal Commission has 
submitted a plate full of recommendations. I served on the commission 
and voted for the report, even though I do not support all of its 
proposals. I cast an ``aye'' because our country is in desperate need 
of a plan for balancing the budget and making Social Security and 
Medicare solvent. These will not be popular--far from it--but as they 
shore up our economy, they will prove their worth and raise the 
standing of Congress in the eyes of our countrymen. I am

[[Page E2249]]

sorry that I will not be here to lend my support, but as a parting 
gesture, I urge the House to go for it.
  I will remember with pride my 28 years in the House of 
Representatives and our positive accomplishments over that time. I am 
told that only 500 members have served in the House for as long as 28 
years. I thank my constituents for that opportunity, and hope that 
history will show that I used it to make this a better country in ways 
that stood the test of time.

                          ____________________