[Congressional Record Volume 156, Number 161 (Wednesday, December 8, 2010)]
[Senate]
[Pages S8637-S8638]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
PRESERVING CRIMINAL ASSETS FOR FORFEITURE ACT
Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Mr. President, I rise to speak in support of S. 4005,
the Preserving Criminal Assets for Forfeiture Act of 2010, which I
recently introduced with my distinguished colleague Senator Cornyn.
This bill will help keep the proceeds and instrumentalities of crime
out of the hands of foreign criminals. It will also encourage foreign
countries to assist the United States in recovering the overseas assets
of U.S. criminals.
The U.S. Government is currently authorized to assist foreign nations
seeking to enforce their forfeiture judgments, for example by seizing
the proceeds of large-scale international fraud, drug trafficking, or
money laundering. Recent judicial decisions, however, have interpreted
existing statutes as not providing our courts with the authority to
restrain known criminal assets located in the U.S. prior to the
issuance of a foreign forfeiture judgment. Criminals are therefore able
to move and hide the assets they hold in
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the United States as soon as they find out they will be subject to
foreign forfeiture proceedings, or even while the proceedings are
ongoing. This leaves U.S. courts with no property to freeze once the
foreign forfeiture judgment is entered.
Because of this hole in the law, foreign criminals have already been
able to shield hundreds of millions of dollars worth of ill-gotten
property, allowing them to continue their criminal enterprises and
frustrating the efforts of law enforcement. In recent months alone, our
government has been unable to restrain more than $550 million that had
been identified for forfeiture by foreign governments in connection
with criminal investigations and prosecutions. This money will remain a
continuing resource for criminal organizations, allowing them to fund
extensive additional criminal activity, some of which may well target
Americans.
The U.S. Government's lack of authority to preserve criminal assets
in advance of a foreign forfeiture judgment also threatens the
cooperation we receive from foreign nations in our own criminal cases.
The United States regularly seeks our allies' assistance in issuing
prejudgment restraints to preserve the ill-gotten assets of U.S.
criminals who have hidden their proceeds overseas. For example, in
April of this year, Panama repatriated approximately $40 million in
gold and jewelry from a drug money laundering case, which had been
restrained there for years at our request. The forfeited assets will be
liquidated, with the final proceeds from those sales placed into the
Department of Justice's assets forfeiture fund, and used to enhance
future domestic and international criminal investigations and law
enforcement initiatives. As another example, in the major international
fraud case involving Allen Stanford, Switzerland, the United Kingdom,
and Canada have restrained a combined $400 million on behalf of the
United States pursuant to our forfeiture proceedings.
Comparable future forfeitures could be in jeopardy because, before
executing a request from the United States, most countries require
assurances of reciprocity. In fact, a number of these reciprocity
agreements are codified in treaties. If we fail to provide our
government with authority to restrain assets pending foreign forfeiture
judgments, we may ultimately enable criminal organizations in the
United States to dissipate foreign assets that should be subject to
U.S. forfeiture proceedings. That puts at risk hundreds of millions of
dollars in criminal proceeds that may not be able to be returned to
fraud victims or that criminals will reinvest in drug trafficking
offenses or other crimes that affect our communities.
The bipartisan Preserving Criminal Assets for Forfeiture Act of 2010
will fix these problems by preventing criminals from removing illicit
assets from the United States during the pendency of foreign forfeiture
proceedings. The bill would amend 28 U.S.C. Sec. 4267(d)(3) to clarify
that U.S. courts have the power to issue restraining orders freezing
the proceeds and instrumentalities of foreign criminals until foreign
forfeiture proceedings have concluded. In doing so, the legislation
brings the treatment of international criminals' assets in line with
that of domestic criminals.
The bill includes due process protections analogous to those used for
restraining orders in anticipation of domestic forfeiture judgments, to
make sure that only criminal assets are targeted. It also requires the
U.S. court to ensure that the relevant foreign tribunal observes due
process protections, has subject matter jurisdiction, and is not acting
as a result of fraud.
The bill is supported by the Department of Justice, and I thank the
attorneys of the Department for their expert advice on this
legislation. I also particularly thank Senator Cornyn for his
leadership on this issue. It has been a great pleasure to work with him
in introducing this legislation. I urge our colleagues on both sides of
the aisle to join with us to enact this much needed bill into law.
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