[Congressional Record Volume 156, Number 81 (Wednesday, May 26, 2010)]
[House]
[Pages H3844-H3849]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
SENIORS TASK FORCE
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of
January 6, 2009, the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Speier) is
recognized for 60 minutes as the designee of the majority leader.
Ms. SPEIER. Mr. Speaker, the Democratic Caucus feels very strongly
that seniors in America count and, in so doing, created a Seniors Task
Force cochaired ably by Congresswoman Schakowsky of Illinois and
Congresswoman Matsui of California. And we thought it was fitting
tonight, this being the month in which we honor seniors, to spend an
hour talking about the seniors of America.
There are 45 million seniors in this country, and they have the right
to ask us what have we done for them lately. And tonight, we're going
to ask that question, and we're going to answer it.
First of all, I think we should focus in on Wall Street, and our
message is
[[Page H3845]]
``When Wall Street gambles, she loses.'' So part of what we want to
focus on tonight is the reforms on Wall Street that will protect
seniors in America.
The biggest winners, we suggest, in the Wall Street reform are people
over the age of 50, who hold 70 percent of the Nation's wealth.
Oftentimes, seniors don't realize how big their assets really are or
how valuable they are, and they become ripe for scam artists to take
them on a wild ride that oftentimes means that they lose the very
assets that they have held so dear. Seniors often have caregivers they
share their financial data and information with and, oftentimes, can be
exploited by those very caregivers.
So we have created a Senior Financial Bill of Rights, which I would
like to share with you right now. And the Democrats believe that there
are four simple principles that we espouse on behalf of seniors.
The first is the right to simple-to-understand and suitable financial
products. Now, this would seem so very obvious, but I'm going to share
with you a couple of stories that suggest seniors become the most
vulnerable population in terms of being captured by an industry that
has plagued us with all kinds of financial products that are not
understandable.
I first want to talk about a 67-year-old retired widow living alone
in a home she's had for 24 years. She recently got a part-time, minimum
wage job as a kitchen helper that helps with her expenses. She's
getting $500 a month for that. She gets $973 a month in her Social
Security benefits. And the balance due on her home is $90,000.
{time} 1930
Now, her husband died in 2003, and she was having a hard time making
those mortgage payments, so she went to Wells Fargo and got them to
offer her a reverse mortgage. In so doing, she was able to pay off her
regular mortgage and did not have payments for as long as she continued
to live in the home, which appeared to be a good result.
Yet, in 2007, agents working for World Savings in Orange County,
California, found her 500 miles away in Yuba City, California. In a
series of phone calls, they convinced her that Wells Fargo was
demanding the repayment of her reverse mortgage because home values
were declining to levels of less than the loan balance. They convinced
her that Wells Fargo would foreclose if she did not refinance to pay
off the reverse mortgage. She was confused and frightened, and she did
not understand the reverse mortgage for which she had paid $11,000 in
origination fees.
So, before long, she was into yet another mortgage with an adjustable
rate mortgage and was paying $4,000 a month at one point. Even the
lowest payment option constituted 68 percent of her Social Security
income--an absolute nightmare. She made three payments out of savings
and then gave up. The trustee sale was first set for January 2, 2009. A
legal aid attorney came to her benefit and was able to postpone the
sale of her home, and negotiations continue today.
This is a real story. She is a real person in California who was not
given the right to a simple-to-understand and suitable financial
product. That is, in part, what we are going to make sure happens as a
result of the Wall Street reform, in part because we are creating a
Consumer Financial Protection Agency so that this kind of activity
can't continue to go on.
In another case, a 90-year-old California retiree was sold a $100,000
annuity in 2001. He would have to live to be 100 to have unfettered
access to his money. Instead, he died at 91, and his heirs were hit
with an $11,000 surrender charge.
In another example, an 83-year-old woman was sold a $125,000 annuity
in 2002. According to her son, she suffered from dementia and believed
she had access to her savings when she had to enter a nursing home. In
fact, she would have to pay exit penalties of 25 percent if she
withdrew more than 10 percent of her money in any year during the first
6 years of the contract. So, when she died in 2004, her son had to
pay--now, are you ready for this?--a $50,000 surrender fee.
That's why we need a Consumer Financial Protection Agency in this
country, because that kind of activity goes on and has gone on. While
you may suggest that it's ``legal,'' it's totally unethical, and the
CFPA will provide that kind of protection for seniors.
I am going to go to these other senior financial bill of rights later
on in the hour. I would now like to yield to Congresswoman Kilroy as
much time as she may consume.
Ms. KILROY. Thank you very much, Congresswoman Speier. I appreciate
what you had to say. My heart goes out to those seniors who have been
abused by predatory lenders, by predatory practices, by scam artists,
and by fraud. This is why we need to take action. As you say, the Wall
Street Reform Act is going to help us to do just that--to protect
seniors.
When I think about what seniors need, they need, of course, personal
security. They need to live in safe and livable communities. They need
access to health care. With our recent health care bill, we are working
to give seniors greater access to health care, to strengthen Medicare,
to give greater choices in preventative medicine, with co-pays, and to
close the Medicare doughnut hole. That is part of their security.
Also, there is financial security so that they can live the rest of
their lives secure that their money is going to be there, that their
life savings aren't going to disappear because of the excesses and the
risk-taking of Wall Street or that they will become victims of
predatory lenders who convince them that they'll need reverse mortgages
or that they'll need to take out loans on homes that are already paid
for.
This happened to a widow in my community. She was told that she
needed to take out this loan. She didn't ask. She got cold-called by
the predator and found out that she was tangled up in a financial mess
that put her home in jeopardy. She is not the only one who has been in
this position. We heard from the consumer law agency and also from AARP
that seniors are frequently the victims of predatory lenders in this
kind of practice. That's why the Consumer Protection Agency's taking a
special look in protecting older Americans is so necessary.
What did Wall Street and others do? What is their connection to these
predatory lenders?
Well, they got into this game of getting more and more mortgages, so-
called Alt A, subprime and other kinds of risky mortgages, of
securitizing them and then selling them as investments. Some of them,
like Goldman, would even bet against those investments in some of their
practices. We found out that more and more Wall Street houses were
using these subprime mortgages and the sales of those as securities to
get more profits for themselves. It was profitable for Wall Street, and
it was profitable for Wall Street executives. Compared to seniors, take
a look at what the Wall Street CEOs are getting paid.
Lloyd Blankfein: $9 million a year, or $24,657 a day.
Ms. SPEIER. Would you repeat that?
Ms. KILROY. $24,657 a day.
Ms. SPEIER. Isn't that amazing.
Ms. KILROY. The senior, $47 a day--average income--based on the
$17,300 average annual income.
Take a look at Jamie Dimon at JPMorgan Chase: $16 million salary, an
astounding $43,835 a day. There is John Stumpf. You mentioned Wells
Fargo and their practice with the senior in your community. He receives
$21.3 million, or $58,356 a day.
That's incredible. That's more than some people make in a year. They
were making this every single day and were putting seniors' life
savings at risk.
Now, many people got hurt in the Wall Street downturn, but seniors
have less time to be able to reinvest and to make up that difference
and to recover from what Wall Street did to Main Street. We need to
work hard to make sure that seniors are protected from other kinds of
scams, and we need to make sure they know, when they get somebody
calling them, offering them mortgages that they didn't ask for, that
that's an alarm.
When they get somebody telling them that they have to act today,
that's another danger sign. They need to be careful of balloon
payments, of prepayment penalties and of other kinds of tricks and
gimmicks that can make those loans very expensive, that can make it
hard for them to get out of
[[Page H3846]]
or that can make their money out of reach for a long time.
That's why we need the Consumer Financial Protection Agency. That's
why we need an office which will protect older Americans. It will make
sure that those kinds of practices aren't happening and that, when
seniors get financial information--and when all of us get financial
information--that it will be clear and easy to understand, not with
pages and pages of fine print.
I was so proud of the credit card bill that we passed in our
Financial Services Committee, that this body passed and which was
signed into law to make credit card practices much clearer. We need to
continue to work to make sure that seniors' financial security is also
protected.
Ms. SPEIER. Will the gentlewoman yield?
Ms. KILROY. Yes.
Ms. SPEIER. When you were referring to credit cards, I was reminded
that, in 1980, a credit card application was one page long, about 700
words. Today, a credit card application--and, indeed, a contract--is
closer to 30 pages. Imagine if senior citizens were trying to wend
their way through 30 pages of legalese and knew precisely what they
were getting.
Isn't it true that the Consumer Financial Protection Agency is going
to simplify that process for seniors and for all Americans?
Ms. KILROY. That is one of the very important things it will do. It
will take a look at all of the confusing documents.
One of the charges that was made against one of the financial
institutions in this country was that they were pushing some of their
predatory lending products by having closing documents that were about
as thick as a telephone book. Then they were pushing people, stating
they didn't have time during the closings to actually read them: No.
You've got to keep moving. You've got to keep moving. People were not
really understanding what they were signing in these lengthy documents
and in the fine print.
This is an important financial transaction. For many people, buying a
home is the biggest financial transaction they're going to make. It has
to be a clear and fair document so that it's good for both parties in
the transaction, so that it's a good deal for the mortgager, and so
that it's a good deal for the person who is taking out that mortgage.
That can only happen if it is a contract that is fair and reasonable in
its terms so that people can understand what it is they're signing. It
is very important for our seniors.
Again, citing AARP and consumer law organizations, we know that
seniors are most often the targets of that kind of predatory behavior,
and that's what we have to be very careful of. Stand up with our senior
bill of rights for financial security for older Americans.
I yield back.
Ms. SPEIER. I thank the gentlewoman for her outstanding comments in
protecting the seniors of America.
I now yield to my good friend and colleague from the great State of
California (Ms. Richardson) as much time as she will use.
Ms. RICHARDSON. First of all, I would like to acknowledge the co-
chairs of our senior task force--Ms. Schakowsky and Ms. Matsui. The
work that we have been able to do in such a short period of time is
amazing.
Of course, to Ms. Speier from California, my neighboring home State,
I thank her for organizing this hour that we have today.
You know, seniors are the fastest growing segment of our population.
Every year, as more and more of the baby boomer generation retires, the
number of seniors in our country grows considerably. Currently, one in
every eight people in the United States is an older American. Over the
next decade, the number of older Americans will increase by 36 percent.
That's 5.5 million people. In my district alone, there are over 52,000
seniors. Older Americans are living longer and more active lives. Yet
with older ages and longer lives, there come new challenges for us in
Congress and in State and local governments to meet. Regardless of our
ages or our generations, we have a responsibility to look out for our
senior Americans just as our children and grandchildren will hopefully
do for us one day.
Last week, I had the pleasure of hosting a 37th Congressional
District annual senior briefing. We had over 1,032 seniors. It was
pretty amazing to be there and to see everyone coming in, excited to be
there. Well, what I want to say is that it was really interesting to
me: two-thirds of those individuals drove. Two-thirds of those
individuals had computers.
So, when we talk about seniors, it's not the end of the road. In
fact, for many--and thankfully so--there are many, many good quality
years ahead. What we have the ability to do on this task force is to
ensure that they can have good quality lives and will not just simply
stay at home, not really able to be productive.
When we had our senior briefing, the seniors were excited, and they
were in great spirits. We had a full agenda; and the biggest thing that
we talked about, which we spent half of our time on, was understanding
the health care bill that this Congress just recently passed and how it
benefits them.
The other things, though, that were unfortunate that I learned in
that meeting were some of the troubles that some of my seniors were
having--trouble staying financially secure in the midst of this
recession. Ms. Speier talked about what has happened with the actions
of Wall Street. Number two, obtaining jobs. Number three, finding
affordable housing. For many seniors, they are downsizing and moving
into other situations. For the amount of money that they have coming
in, it cannot meet the cost of housing today. Finally, we talked about
their getting quality health care.
A 2009 study revealed that in California, the State that I come from,
over 500,000 seniors are living single and are having a difficult time
making ends meet, let alone enjoying their quality of life.
As we move forward to continue addressing the needs of senior
citizens, I am proud to be a member of this newly established seniors'
task force. We are committed to preserving the rights, as has been
talked about so far this evening, and in promoting the interests of
America's senior citizens. The seniors' task force will be an excellent
vehicle to ensure that the government is working for our seniors and
for some of us, if we are so blessed to be, who will be coming forward
as well.
At the task force opening press conference last week, we unveiled the
senior bill of rights as has been shown. This resolution is an
expression of what seniors who have worked most of their lives to make
this country a better place deserve in return. There are just a few
things:
One, financial security and stability. Two, quality and affordable
health and long-term care. Three, protection from abuse, scams, and
exploitation. We heard some examples of those this evening. Four, a
stronger economy now and for future generations. Five, for a safe,
livable community with safe transportation options.
{time} 1945
This Congress has recognized the needs of seniors, and we have taken
it on straight, without hesitation, that swift and bold action is
needed.
In the very first days that Congress was in session for this
particular 111th Congress, we passed the American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act, also known as the Recovery Act, and many seniors
included in that received $250 that was to go towards helping to cover
the costs, the rising costs, that many of our seniors are facing.
But then we took another action just about a month or so ago, and
that was concerning health care reform. This Congress, this Democratic
Congress, took the leadership, without much other assistance except by
our help from the administration, to make sure that we could pass
health care reforms that would dramatically increase the quality and
the affordability of care that our seniors would face.
The health care reform that we did over the next few years will help
close the Medicare doughnut hole that keeps many seniors from getting
the prescription drugs that they desperately need. The average senior
will save $250 in 2010, $750 in 2011, and over $3,000 in 2020 on
prescription drugs.
However, one need that we know is also being overlooked and I have
been trying to take some leadership on is
[[Page H3847]]
the fact that many of our seniors are still working; some because they
want to, because they have the ability to and there is much left to
contribute, but others because they have to.
These economic woes that our seniors are facing are based upon many
factors. Over 40 percent of the seniors in my district rely upon Social
Security as their only source of income. I know many seniors who are
pinching pennies simply to eat. This isn't acceptable. In fact, it is
not even American. There are many seniors in my district who need to
continue to work in jobs in order to maintain financial security.
The ongoing economic downturn, which Wall Street greatly, in fact,
caused, that national economy that has now adversely affected millions
of workers in various age groups has disproportionately burdened
workers over the age of 55. Older Americans are experiencing difficult
times, and only 55 percent of the jobless older workers have been there
long enough to be able to have an extended tenure beyond January of
2008, compared to 72.6 percent of those in the age group of 25-54. A
larger share of jobless older workers were paid lower wages in their
new full-time jobs, compared to people who are in the age group of 25-
54.
We have a responsibility. We have a duty to provide employment
opportunities to senior citizens, who still have much to contribute. So
I brought forward a bill to add to the great Senior Bill of Rights that
we have brought forward, which is H.R. 4819, Expanding the
Opportunities for Older Americans Act of 2010.
This bill responds to the need of senior citizen employment
opportunities. It will expand senior employment programs for older
Americans and create 40,000 new jobs. This bill will also lower the
eligibility age for participating members of our society, and it will
also eliminate some of the requirements that work against seniors. For
example if a senior happens to be married and their spouse is working,
many of the current programs that other spouse is not able to take
advantage of, and that is wrong.
We must ensure that seniors have financial security and that this
economy works for them. We must uphold our end of the bargain to our
seniors, who have sacrificed and dedicated so much to this country
throughout their lives.
I urge all of my colleagues to join us in this Senior Task Force, not
only tonight, when we have started the discussion, but as we move
forward the Senior Bill of Rights and many other pieces of legislation
that will make a difference.
Ms. SPEIER. I thank the gentlelady from California.
The numbers of seniors in our country is growing exponentially, in
part because some of us who are baby boomers are growing older and
reaching that age ever so quickly. But I note that while there are 40
million Americans who are now 65, in 10 years that number will more
than double to 88.5 million Americans who will be over the age of 65.
So making sure that seniors are protected is going to be a more and
more significant responsibility for Congress to ensure.
You mentioned the doughnut hole. For seniors who are on Medicare,
health care reform has been somewhat challenging, because they didn't
know what was in it for them. Part of what we are talking about is what
have you done for seniors lately.
The health care reform measure has huge benefits for seniors that are
important to underscore, one being that if you do find yourself in the
doughnut hole by this fall, you will receive a check for $250. If you
are in the doughnut hole come the first of January, you are going to be
able to buy your prescription drugs at 50 percent of what the retail
costs of them are. And the greatest news of all, and this is a benefit
for senior citizens as well as every one of us, and that is for
preventative care, there will no longer be a copay.
That kind of gets lost in translation from time to time. But I just
had, and I am proud to admit it because I think we all should have
colonoscopies after age 50, but I just had a colonoscopy. I got the
bill, and we all kind of experience sticker shock when we see those
health care bills arrive at our home, and, thank God, we have health
insurance, but my bill was over $3,000 for that procedure. Now, a copay
on that procedure is like $600.
But moving forward, whether it is a colonoscopy, a mammogram, any
kind of screening for cancer, that will no longer carry with it a
copay, because we want to incentivize seniors and younger people to
actually take advantage of the preventative services that are out
there, that really prevent people from getting sicker and requiring
more health care and more hospitalization.
So lots of good things for seniors are in health care reform.
Ms. KILROY. That is absolutely correct. If the gentlelady will yield,
I congratulate you for taking care of your health and getting those
preventative measures taken care of. Even though we don't like to do
them, they are good things to do.
Those kind of copays, when you think about what seniors need to pay,
with the more frequent medical testing perhaps, or higher costs of
prescriptions, maybe taking more prescriptions, therefore more copays
on those, the senior cost of living could be higher than the cost of
living index for maybe the general population. That is why it is
important that they have the economic security that Representative
Richardson spoke of.
For seniors, it is sort of like a three-legged stool. One leg of the
stool is Social Security; one leg of the stool is personal savings,
which we should all be thinking about as we get older; and one leg is
also maybe a private pension. Yet this economic downturn has hurt that
stool in all of those areas.
With more people unemployed, fewer people are paying into the Social
Security system, so that hurts the system as a whole. That is why it is
so good that we are focused on jobs and working on jobs, to get more
people doing what they want to do and need to do to support themselves,
but also being part of the Social Security system.
We know that the Wall Street abuses have hurt in many cases pension
funds who invested in risky products, who were sold these products by a
company, say, like Lehman Brothers, who then disguised what was going
on by these Repo-105 practices, just taking some of the downside that
should be on their balance sheet and hiding it when the quarterly
reports were due. That has hurt the pension funds that the State
employees are involved in in the State of Ohio. It is making that fund
take a large economic hit that somehow we have to make up for, or
people will not have the same kind of pension benefits that they
thought they might have.
Then there is also the personal savings aspect too. We have all seen
the 401(k)s have become 201(k)s, as we all know, because of the risky
behavior that Wall Street engaged in, and because maybe we don't have
the kind of financial literacy we should have in this country.
Again, back to the Consumer Protection Agency and the agency that
will protect older Americans that will focus on that, that will make
sure the information is getting to people in clear terms, so that they
know that when they are investing something, that the person they are
investing with is looking out for their interests, for the client's
interests, not just simply being selfish and selling them something
that is not good for them. And it will help us by ending taxpayer-
funded bailouts for Wall Street for any future damages like that.
We want to make sure that we are working hard to stay on top of this
thing. But as much as Congress can do, we can't do it every day the
same way that an independent office of consumer protection can do, that
would have that as their charge and every day be taking a watchful eye
on the practices of the investment industry to make sure that these
kinds of abuses aren't going on anymore.
Ms. SPEIER. I thank the gentlelady from Ohio.
You know, it would be great for us to focus for just a minute on the
prescription for Wall Street reform for the 40 million seniors in
America and just kind of list out the protections that are in the Wall
Street reform.
As you mentioned, the office of financial protection for older
Americans, this is going to be a huge benefit for seniors, because they
are going to be able to call this office and say, you know, I have just
been offered X. Is this something that makes sense?
Let me give you an example. Sergio Del Toro, he has been banned from
the
[[Page H3848]]
securities industry for defrauding a 90-year-old Minnesota nursing home
resident of $511,000. Mr. Del Toro recommended that the elderly man put
his entire net worth into the stock of a firm called Third Dimension,
for which there was no market or publicly quoted pricing. Mr. Del
Toro's alleged motivation? A 15 percent commission, equal to $76,000.
Now, as part of Wall Street reform, one of the standards that is
going to have to be met is, is there a net tangible benefit to the
client? Clearly, in this case there was no net tangible benefit. What
happened was this nursing home resident lost his whole savings of
$500,000, and Mr. Del Toro was the recipient of $76,000 in commissions.
Mr. Del Toro is banned from the industry now, but this is another
example of why having Wall Street reform is so necessary.
I now yield to one of our newest Members of the House, Mr. Deutch
from Florida, to have him offer up his thoughts.
Mr. DEUTCH. Thank you very much. I appreciate that.
Mr. Speaker, I rise to join my Democratic colleagues to discuss the
challenges facing seniors in America today. I would like to thank the
gentlewoman from California, Representative Speier, for her ongoing
commitment to our Nation's seniors, as well as Representative
Schakowsky and Representative Matsui for their outstanding work as co-
chairs of the Senior Task Force, an effort launched by the Democratic
Caucus to protect the health and financial security of our Nation's
eldest Americans.
Today I would like to focus on an issue of great importance to me and
the many residents in the 19th District of Florida, and that is the
issue of Social Security.
Social Security is a sacred trust that provides over 50 million
Americans each year with a measure of financial security. In my
district and across the country, Social Security guarantees seniors the
ability to enjoy their golden years free from abject poverty or
financial reliance on their children.
As the representative from Florida's 19th District, I have the
privilege of serving so many seniors who fought in World War II and
rebuilt this country after the Great Depression. These wonderful
Americans have worked hard every day of their lives, and for them,
Social Security does what it was designed to do--it provides them with
a secure, basic source of income after a lifetime of hard work.
Seniors know they can count on Social Security to never be a day late
or a dollar short, and they know that checks will never come back
marked with ``insufficient funds.''
{time} 2000
Many of my constituents saw their lifelong retirement savings vanish
overnight due to the irresponsibility on Wall Street that led into this
recession. And many of them lost all of their savings to predatory
Ponzi schemes. However, for them, one thing is certain in this time of
economic uncertainty: Social Security is still there, on time, every
month. This critical program is working just as it should for millions
of people.
Mr. Speaker, if President Bush and the Republican Congress had their
way and had enacted a risky privatization scheme for Social Security,
the savings of all America's seniors would have been gambled away on
the stock market.
Today, I stand here with my Democratic colleagues to say that we will
never let the private market gamble away the financial security of our
Nation's seniors and our Nation's most vulnerable. Mr. Speaker, it's
clear the stock market is no place for Social Security. It would take
the security out of Social Security.
Just this year, the Republican alternative budget called for cuts in
payments to seniors and a risky privatization of the overall system.
Clearly, our colleagues on the other side of the aisle didn't run this
idea by my constituents who saw what happened to their pensions
invested in the private market.
The large, vibrant senior communities of south Florida share a common
value: that a lifetime of hard work should be honored with a secure
retirement. I stand with them when I say that Social Security must
remain a reliable program, not just for this generation of seniors, but
for generations of Americans to come.
To the opponents of this popular program, I say that we will
tirelessly fight for the due benefits of our seniors who have spent a
lifetime of earning. We will not yield. We will not back down. And for
this generation of seniors and the next and the next after that, we
will not let Social Security be privatized.
And while this social program keeps millions out of poverty, the work
of improving how we care for our Nation's retirees has not ended. The
current cost of living formula that ties seniors' COLA to the Consumer
Price Index tracks inflation across the economy. Our Nation's economic
downturn has prevented America's seniors from receiving an adequate
cost of living adjustment, and that's not right.
The Consumer Price Index for wage earners tells us that goods and
services are less expensive than they were in the third quarter of
2008, but the seniors in my district and across America know that their
prices continue to go up. The fact is, our Social Security cost of
living calculator is insufficient and just doesn't reflect the true
cost of living for seniors. The measurement of determining seniors'
cost of living should be indexed to, well, seniors' cost of living.
I have trouble explaining to my constituents that even though their
part B premiums went up and their copay went up, and even though
prescription drug prices are through the roof, they don't get a cost of
living increase because the price of cell phones and supporting
equipment went down.
In the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression, seniors
are losing their pensions, watching their home values drop. And, on top
of all that, the agenda that the Republicans have put forth threatens
to privatize this sacred trust.
And while this Congress has had to make the hard choices after
inheriting an economy in shambles, the men and women serving our
country on the commission, on the task force looking at the challenges
facing our country fiscally, have the unenviable task of reducing our
deficit and getting our national debt under control.
I would simply remind the distinguished members of the commission
that before this great recession, Social Security has run a surplus
every year since the 1980s and, in fact, today has $2.5 trillion in
reserves.
Mr. Speaker, on behalf of America's seniors, I would say to the
members of the commission that a deficit commission should not undercut
a program that contributes nothing to our deficit.
Just a month ago, the good people of Florida's 19th District sent me
to Congress to fight for our seniors, our community, and our values.
And I'm happy to tell them that, with my Democratic colleagues here
today, this Congress is making these values a top priority.
And I'm pleased to reassure the seniors in Palm Beach and Broward
Counties that, as a part of the Seniors Task Force, I'll be a tireless
defender of Social Security and Medicare and a dedicated advocate for
policies that protect the health and financial security of America's
seniors.
I'm thrilled to stand here with my colleagues.
Ms. SPEIER. I thank the gentleman from Florida for his passionate
commitment to seniors.
I'd like to address this whole issue of mortgages. You know, so many
Americans have seen their homes being foreclosed on over the last 2 to
3 years. The numbers are staggering. We're talking about, 7, 8, 9
million homes. And I think that there's a misconception that somehow
those are all younger families, but the truth is many of these people
are senior citizens.
One of the protections in the Wall Street reform is that we are going
to deal with banning predatory mortgage lending, and I want to just
share with you one example.
This is back in 2000, at the age of 57, Willie Howard, who, at long
last, became a homeowner. He had this tiny house here in Washington,
DC, of 963 square feet. Now, Willie never learned how to read, so he
proved to be an easy touch for refinancing offers as the housing bubble
inflated.
By May of 2005, his $108,000 loan had ballooned to $137,000 because
he had been courted by mortgage brokers who wanted to suggest that he
could, in fact, save more money.
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By October of 2006, after four more refinancings, Mr. Howard's loan
balance had ballooned to $238,000. Now, half of the increased debt came
from $51,000 in points, fees, prepayment penalties, and negative
amortization. So it really was all about the scam artists; in this
case, a mortgage broker who wanted to churn. By getting him in and out
of loans, he was able to make more money as a mortgage broker, and poor
Mr. Howard, who could not read, went from having a $108,000 loan to a
$238,000 loan. And as Mr. Howard said, the problem with the system is
that the broker had no obligation to act on behalf of Mr. Howard's best
interest.
So what does Wall Street reform do to help Mr. Howard and seniors
across this country? Two things. It requires that they show a net
tangible benefit to the client consumer and that that client consumer
has the ability to pay. Now, those two tests couldn't possibly have
been met for Mr. Howard by that mortgage broker.
So, as a result of Wall Street reform, seniors and Americans across
this country are going to have recourse. And, in this case, Mr. Howard
would be in a position to have that contract rescinded, have his costs,
his consumer costs, be they attorney's fees or anything else, paid for,
and have the opportunity to have that particular loan reworked in 90
days or less. That's the kind of benefit that accrues to seniors in the
new reform.
The final area that I thought would be worth us spending a little
time on is the other rights that benefit seniors, and that's the right
to know that Wall Street bankers will not gamble away their retirement
savings. Both Mr. Deutch and Ms. Kilroy had spoken about the 401(k)s
turning into 201(k)s. And as clever as that sounds, it's tragic when it
happens, and it's happened to senior Americans across the country.
I'm going to talk to you about a senior citizen in my district. This
is a real story of a senior citizen who spent his entire life as a
doctor providing health care to those who did not have resources. He
provided health care in a county hospital setting, and he made, you
know, a good salary doing that. So he retired, had a comfortable home,
had $1 million in retirement in his 401(k).
Now, he was using a financial adviser, one of the slick financial
advisers that we've heard too much of over the last couple of years,
much like the employees at Goldman Sachs who would sell a risky
investment to someone but, on the other hand, would short it for their
personal gain.
This particular constituent had the situation where his financial
adviser was not looking out for his best interest. So, over the course
of the financial meltdown, this constituent lost three-quarters, three-
quarters of his 401(k). Now, that's just outrageous on so many scores,
but particularly so when you're dealing with the 401(k)s of senior
citizens who don't have the luxury of trying to find other ways of
making up that money, don't have the ability to go back to work.
And our financial service reform is going to make sure that that
particular activity of Wall Street gambling away retirement savings can
no longer happen because we do have the standards put in place.
Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
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