[Congressional Record Volume 156, Number 59 (Monday, April 26, 2010)]
[Senate]
[Page S2638]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
RECOGNIZING THE NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE
Mr. CHAMBLISS. Mr. President, I rise to congratulate the Natural
Resources Conservation Service, NRCS, on its 75th anniversary.
Even though we are an urban nation, we are still an agricultural
land. Nearly 70 percent of the United States, exclusive of Alaska, is
held in private ownership by millions of individuals. Fifty percent of
the United States--907 million acres--is cropland, pasture-land, and
rangeland owned and managed by farmers and ranchers and their families.
In the early 1900s, President Roosevelt and other conservationists
like John Muir and Gifford Pinchot had the foresight to set aside
America's special places as national parks and forests, seashores, and
wilderness areas. America's public land became a showcase for some of
the most dramatic and beautiful landscapes on the North American
continent.
But others also recognized the importance of America's private land
to the health of the Nation. It took the seriousness of the Dust Bowl
for this message to be accepted. Rooted in our national experience with
devastating soil erosion of that time, the conservation movement began
with the purpose of keeping productive topsoil--and a productive
agriculture--in place.
To lead conservation efforts at the Federal level, Congress created
the Soil Conservation Service, SCS, within the U.S. Department of
Agriculture, USDA, in 1935. SCS was renamed the Natural Resources
Conservation Service, NRCS, in 1994. This was the beginning of the
Nation's historic commitment to a conservation partnership with farmers
and ranchers.
At the same time, the Nation also adopted a remarkable Federal,
State, and local partnership for delivering conservation assistance to
farmers and ranchers. The concept was that NRCS would deliver technical
and financial assistance for conservation, while State governments and
local conservation districts would connect with individual landowners
and set local priorities.
From the beginning, this was a cooperative approach, drawing on many
sources for technical knowledge, financial assistance, and broad-based
educational programs for natural resources conservation and management.
This partnership remains the preeminent model for intergovernmental
cooperation today and is admired around the world.
In the 1980s, NRCS's programs began to change as Congress began to
increase incentives for farmers and ranchers to practice good
conservation. During the 1990s, Congress accelerated the investment in
conservation by creating additional programs, such as the Environmental
Quality Incentives Program, EQIP, to share the cost of enhancing
natural resources on farms, ranches and private forestland.
Congress increased this investment in the 2002 and 2008 farm bills
and is expected to continue to support conservation well into the
future. However, there are challenges in conservation today. One
challenge is how to sustain the ability of NRCS to provide technical,
scientifically sound advice and assistance in a time of tight budgets
and increased demands. Another challenge is how to maintain the highly
successful conservation partnership that works with farmers and
ranchers as individuals to address their specific conservation
concerns.
W.C. Lowdermilk, the Assistant Chief of the Soil Conservation Service
in the 1930s said, ``In a very real sense the land does not lie; it
bears a record of what men write on it. In a larger sense, a Nation
writes its record on the land. This record is easy to read by those who
understand the simple language of the land.'' Conservation leads to
prosperous, healthy societies and stable, self-sufficient countries. It
sustains the agricultural productivity that allows for division of
labor and the growth and longevity of a society.
Careful land stewardship through terracing, crop rotation and other
soil conservation measures enables societies to flourish. However,
neglect of the land, manifested as soil erosion, deforestation, and
overgrazing, helps to topple empires and destroy entire civilizations.
These lessons of history, including our own with the Dust Bowl of the
1930s, are ones we should not forget. America's future is tied to how
we treat our land. Today, the Nation's farmers and ranchers deliver
safe, reliable, high quality food, feed, and fiber to the Nation and to
the world, but also much more. Through their careful stewardship,
farmers, ranchers, and private forest landowners also deliver clean
water, productive wildlife habitat, and healthy landscapes.
Today, we thank all who have made this happen through their service
to our country as part of the NRCS. Congratulations on your 75th
anniversary.
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