[Congressional Record Volume 154, Number 70 (Wednesday, April 30, 2008)]
[House]
[Pages H2938-H2945]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
EFFECTS OF TROOP DEPLOYMENTS
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of
January 18, 2007, the gentlewoman from Florida (Ms. Wasserman Schultz)
is recognized for 60 minutes as the designee of the majority leader.
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Thank you, Mr. Speaker.
Mr. Speaker, before I begin, I would like to ask unanimous consent
that all Members may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and
extend their remarks and include extraneous material.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentlewoman from Florida?
There was no objection.
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Mr. Speaker, we appreciate the opportunity
tonight in the 30-Something Working Group to talk about an item that is
extremely important to America and particularly important to America's
military families, and that is the effects of troop deployment on the
children, families and communities of military personnel.
Speaker Pelosi has been so supportive of the notion that we need to
make sure that we shape our policy, particularly around our Nation's
veterans, in support of our military families. The extended troop
deployments, the tour after tour of duty, I know that so many of us as
Members have met with soldiers' families and met with individual troops
who have said they are on their third and fourth tour of duty, that
they are having extended deployments, that they are having a much
shorter than they are supposed to time between deployments. Normally
they are supposed to go through about 365 days between deployments.
Those times have not been respected and they have been sent back much
sooner.
Since October 2001, approximately 1.6 million U.S. troops have been
deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. Deployed family members are leaving
behind parents, children and spouses to provide a selfless patriotic
service to our country. However, families are also asked to make great
sacrifices when dealing with the stress and anxiety of multiple
deployments, limited and infrequent communications, and the separation
of a family member.
In this Month of the Military Child, we thought it was only
appropriate that we show our support for those that themselves provide
so much support to our soldiers and discuss the consequences of these
prolonged separations.
I would like to begin, Mr. Speaker, with a story of the Lopez family.
The Lopez family is right here. They were profiled in the Sesame
Workshop Talk, Listen, Connect Series. Ten-year-old Ernesto, who is the
little boy right here, and 6-year-old Jennifer, live with their mother
and baby brother on Fort Bragg in North Carolina, which is home of the
Airborne and Special Operations Forces and one of the largest military
bases in the world. Their dad, Staff Sergeant Ernesto Lopez, is in Iraq
on his third tour of duty.
Look how little these children are. The daughter is 6 years old. If
he is on his third tour of duty, and most of these tours of duty, Mr.
Speaker, are, as you know, about a year each, that means that he has
missed half of Jennifer's life already. Half. It is just unbelievable.
Jennifer keeps a special calendar in her room to mark the days until
her dad comes home. Ernesto sleeps with a duplicate of the small ball
that his father carries, a soft army ball with a molded helmet and a
soldier's face, onto which Ernesto drew a heart that means ``we love
each other,'' in his words. Even baby Elan, who was born 2 days before
his father was deployed, has a soft-sided photo album filled with
pictures of his dad that his mother hopes will ease his recognition
when he returns.
Imagine. It is going to be incredibly difficult for this family to go
through the restoration of bonding that military families inevitably go
through. I can't imagine having just given birth and having to leave to
go across the world and not know whether or if I would see my family
again. That is what our men and women that are fighting for us in Iraq
are going through every single day. And as Ernesto, Jennifer, Elan and
Mrs. Lopez know so well, when a parent is deployed, the entire family
is deployed.
The Lopez children are an example of the 1.2 million children under
the age of 10 who have a parent or parents on active military duty or
in the Reserves, which is more than at any other time since World War
II.
Tonight, Mr. Speaker, we are going to be discussing the burdens of
deployment on the children, families and communities of the brave men
and women that serve us in uniform. Families and communities of
military personnel are making huge sacrifices every day for the
protection of this country, and we must be prepared as a Nation to
ensure the well-being of military families, welcome home our brave
soldiers at the end of their tours, and provide for their safe
reintegration into their communities.
At this time, I would like to recognize the gentleman who suggested
that the 30-Something Working Group take up this subject during our
weekly hour. He is a tremendous leader when it comes to the issues
important to veterans and military families, Chairman Bob Filner, the
gentleman from California.
Mr. FILNER. I thank the gentlewoman for her leadership on many
issues, especially in these special orders, and tonight a very
important one, the effect of deployment on our families, our military
families.
You know, this is a war that has gone on the second longest in our
history. There are over 4,000 young men and women who have been killed.
There have been at least 30,000 casualties that we account for of
Americans, hundreds of thousands of Iraqis. That 30,000 official
figure, by the way, compare that with the following statistic: Over
800,000 veterans have already returned from this war in Iraq.
{time} 2130
Over 300,000 of them have filed claims for injuries, whether physical
or psychological, while in battle, 300,000. Compare that with the
official figure of 30,000. It is a factor of ten. Something is not
being told to the American people here.
But then, think of all the families involved of those who have been
killed, the best and brightest of our young men and women, the
casualties that we admit, the hundreds of thousands of casualties when
they come home. Not only do they have to deal with fatality or grave
injury, they have to deal with income problems. A spouse may have to
take care of her husband and lose two incomes.
What about the children? Over 1 million children of those deployed or
were deployed or will be deployed, how do they take daddy coming home,
or not coming home, dealing with violence that is a symptom of PTSD,
posttraumatic stress disorder, dealing with an amputated father or
mother, dealing with brain injuries?
[[Page H2939]]
This is something that we as a society have got to deal with. It is
part of the cost of war, and the cost of war that we have been asked to
take on doesn't cover this. We have to fight for every penny for
veterans and their families.
The President says support our troops, support our troops, support
our troops. But when they come home, who supports the troops, and who
is looking after the families? And that is what we are dealing with
tonight.
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Mr. Filner, your leadership on the Veterans'
Affairs Committee has just been second to none. Your commitment to our
military families has been so incredibly important in trying to make
sure that we can highlight their needs and the struggles and
difficulties that they go through; and the policy that you are shaping
in your committee to make sure that we can improve their lives.
Look at the statistics there. The statistics there show just exactly
what the impact is on our military families. The dark green shows 2003
to 2005 what you had in infidelity, it was about 4 percent. Fast
forward to 2007, and we are at 15 percent. You go to divorce. We are at
11 percent 2003 to 2005, and you are up to 20 percent in 2007. And then
look at any other problem. And of course the military families have
problems just like anybody else, but look at the explosion of problems
that military families have had in terms of their marital problems. In
2003 to 2005, it was 12 percent and they are at 27 percent now.
Granted, war is a stressful situation, Mr. Chairman. But, my gosh, we
need to do more. And I know that your committee is committed to doing
that.
Mr. FILNER. Let me focus, if I may, Ms. Wasserman Schultz, on the
children. And children have to deal again with dad or mom away for
extended periods. You mentioned the Lopez family. Or the problems may
really begin when dad or mom come comes back, amputated legs, spinal
cord injuries, posttraumatic stress disorder.
Now, this is something that our VA or DOD or administration ought to
be worried about, and yet it was left to the private sector to figure
out, what do we tell our children? How do we answer something at an
age-appropriate level?
And I want to thank the Sesame Street Workshop who produces Sesame
Street, the nonprofit educational organization, for its leadership. As
you mentioned, there are hundreds and thousands of children of military
families who are impacted every day by the deployment of one or both of
their parents. They responded to this 2 years ago by making an outreach
tool to help families and their young children cope with the challenges
of deployment: A DVD featuring Elmo who struggles with military
deployment of his father, and urges his viewers to share their emotions
and fears directly with their parents. After watching this video
together, families have found a new opportunity to talk with their
children and communicate together as a family.
Here is the first DVD that Sesame Street did under a Talk, Listen,
and Connect series, Helping Families During Military Deployment; and
also in Spanish, Partides Militares Bienvenidos Cambios. And that was
distributed with the help of the military and the help of the VA to
hundreds of thousands of young people.
Just yesterday, Sesame Street launched a new DVD, a new series called
Deployments, Homecoming, and Changes. And that addresses the level of
anxiety children may experience after multiple deployments, as well as
to help young children gain an age-appropriate understanding of a
parent's combat-related health condition so the family can heal
together. The DVD features again Elmo and Rosita, and intersperses the
Muppets with real families like the Lopez family that you showed us
earlier. They are meant for children, but spouses and friends and
relatives facing a complicated transition of multiple deployments or
the physical and psychological wounds.
I invite, by the way, all Members of the House of Representatives to
meet Elmo and the Cookie Monster next Wednesday on May 7, at 4:00, at
HC-5. Sesame Street will bring Elmo and the Cookie Monster. You can
take pictures with him or her, I am not sure, and pick up a copy of
this DVD. It will be distributed free to military families all over the
Nation.
I hope every one of our colleagues picks up a copy, watches it, and
helps distribute it in their own districts. This is an important tool
that was produced for us by people who care about what is going on.
And I will tell you, we are now in the Month of the Military Child.
We want to honor the children of military families. But we have now a
tool to reach children. This is aimed at very young children below the
age of five. And if they watch what is going on, again, I have seen
some of the previews. One of the children of a parent with a prosthetic
leg was shown bringing the leg to dad to try to make that situation
sort of natural and a part of life and not something to be ashamed of
or to fear. And so Sesame Street uses the power of video to connect
with soldiers and their families and of course the children.
You can watch the video yourself. Go to sesameworkshop.org/tlc for
Talk, Listen, and Connect; Hablen, Escuchen, Conecten, at
sesameworkshop.org/tlc, and you can see that and watch it for yourself.
I would just like to say to my colleague from San Antonio, who is a
psychologist and has dealt with children in his professional life and
is a great aid on our veterans committee for issues of mental health
and the issues we are talking about today, we thank you for your
leadership, Mr. Rodriguez.
Mr. Speaker, let me also thank Ms. Wasserman Schultz for her
steadfast support of America's children and her interest in the needs
of veterans' families.
Every day the men and women of our armed forces sacrifice to protect
and preserve our way of life, whether by putting themselves in harm's
way, or by enduring time away from their loved ones at home.
I would like to recognize Sesame Workshop, the nonprofit educational
organization behind Sesame Street, for its leadership in serving the
most vulnerable population of the Armed Services--the thousands of
young children in military families who are impacted every day by
issues related to deployment.
Sesame Workshop has responded to the needs of the 700,000 children
under the age of 5 who have a parent in the military. In August 2006,
Sesame Workshop launched a critically needed outreach tool to help
families and their young children cope with the challenges of
deployment.
In this video, Elmo struggles with the military deployment of his
father and urges his viewers to share their emotions and fears directly
with their parents.
After watching this video together, families have found a new
opportunity to talk with their children and communicate together as a
family.
Just yesterday, Sesame Workshop launched its second phase of its
Talk, Listen, Connect series of videos for military children.
This newest resource kit is titled, ``Deployments, Homecomings,
Changes'' and it addresses the level of anxiety children may experience
after multiple deployments as well as help young children gain an age-
appropriate understanding of a parent's combat-related health condition
so the family can heal together.
These new outreach materials are meant for spouses, friends, and
relatives of military parents and children who are facing the
complicated transitions of multiple deployments or who have returned
home with combat-related health injuries, both physical and
psychological.
Elmo is again filling an unmet need for developmentally appropriate
resources for young children.
This project has garnered overwhelming support from the military
community, with nearly 400,000 of the original kits requested from
active duty, National Guard, and reserve families to help build a sense
of stability and resiliency during times of separation and change.
April is the ``Month of the Military Child.'' Today, we are taking
the time to honor the children in military families and acknowledging
the personal sacrifices they make and the challenges they overcome.
I applaud the critical work of organizations like Sesame Workshop
whose project, Talk, Listen, Connect, has the sole purpose of helping
make the lives of these children and their families a little easier
during some of the most difficult of times.
I commend Sesame Workshop for its work to help empower children and
adults alike, as well as help families overcome adversity together in
order to bring hope for the future.
Sesame Workshop uses the power of video to connect with soldiers and
their families during these difficult times. The video honestly
addresses the sadness, confusion and anxiety
[[Page H2940]]
with sensitivity and clarity for the 700,000 pre-school kids in this
country whose parents serve lengthy and frequent deployments.
This video is available to watch on the internet. Just search for
Sesame Workshop and TLC.
You can also order a kit on the web site--for your neighbor, your co-
worker, or even your own child--that might be struggling with the
extended deployment of a parent, or adapting to a parent that has
returned home but is suffering from visible or invisible wounds.
As a Nation, we must do more than simply say we support our service
members and their families. We must follow through with true deeds and
bold action that will ultimately assist our military families as they
make the transition into civilian life.
I urge you to learn more about Sesame Workshop and share these
extraordinary resources with military families you know.
This video will begin to build a dialogue between children and
parents, as well as this country and our Nation's military families.
America cares for our military families and this Sesame Workshop film
shares this message of support.
We need to make sure the fabric of our society is strong enough to
ensure the well-being of the military family and I want to thank Sesame
Workshop and the many organizations that contributed to this project.
Again, my thanks to Congresswoman Wasserman Schultz for your
leadership on this issue.
Mr. RODRIGUEZ. And I want to personally take this opportunity to
thank you for your leadership as chairman of the VA Committee. And I
can honestly tell you that I spent 8 years on the committee prior to
leaving for 2 years and then coming back, and it has been day and night
with your leadership there. And I want to personally thank you.
Nothing was more frustrating than to serve on the VA Committee for 8
long years and not be able to make things happen. And, in fact, during
that period of time is when we were charging our veterans even co-
payments and fees and those kind of things. But in the last 1 year and
4 months we have been able, not only with the 2007 budget, the 2008
budget, and the supplemental, we have been able to put $13 billion to
our veterans. And so I want to personally thank you for your leadership
on the part of the legislation that we have passed.
Just today in your committee, Mr. Chairman--and Chairwoman, thank you
for this opportunity--we are able to pass a series of bills, one of
them that seemed to simple, but picks up the COLA that addresses the
needs of the survivor spouse as well as children, survivors of
veterans, as well as disability compensation. So I want to thank you
for that.
Let me just give you a couple of statistics. More than 700,000
children have had parents deployed at some point during the conflict,
700,000 children; 19,000 children have had their parents wounded in
action; some 2,220 children have lost their parents both in Afghanistan
and Iraq. Not to mention the fact that we have lost more soldiers, some
6,000 per year, to suicides, which is uncalled for. And I am really
glad that we have started to move on working on posttraumatic stress
with our soldiers and adding some resources, and including legislation
that allows an opportunity for the first time to reach out and work
with the families of those individuals that suffer from posttraumatic
stress disorders.
I know personally, just like those families know, that when somebody
suffers from posttraumatic stress, just like when somebody suffers from
alcoholism, the whole family gets impacted, the children, the spouses.
I just got a call a couple of weeks ago from a soldier that is
getting deployed for the fourth time. And he was basically telling me,
``Mr. Rodriguez, I have already lost my wife, we have gotten a divorce,
and they are now taking away the opportunity for me to visit the
children.''
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Can I ask you a question on that? Given your
expertise and your professional background in psychology; obviously
posttraumatic stress disorder is incredibly stressful on families, and
I just want to bring up some statistics and maybe have you comment on
them.
We have documentation that servicemembers who are given a diagnosis
of PTSD were significantly more likely to perpetrate violence toward
their partners, with more than 80 percent committing at least one act
of violence in the previous year, and almost half at least one severe
act. And that source, the third-party validator we have on that is the
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, and that was back in 2003 that
they cited that.
The stress on families, beyond the deployment, which is obviously
incredibly stressful. When they come back and they are suffering from
PTSD, that has to have an incredibly horrific impact.
Mr. RODRIGUEZ. It really does. And one of the things that we are now
looking back, and we should even go back to the Vietnam era, a large
number of those veterans that are homeless out there are suffering from
posttraumatic stress from the Vietnam veteran era. So we cannot allow
that to occur to this generation of soldiers coming in from Iraq and
Afghanistan. So I am real pleased with the resources that we have come
forward. Now, we have got to make sure that we have those programs and
treatment that reach out not only to that veteran but to the entire
family and community as a whole. We allowed for legislation because we
don't have the sufficient workers out there to provide that treatment,
to contract out with the community health centers, mental health
centers, to reach out as quickly as possible to those specific
soldiers.
We are anticipating, and we are trying to make it more flexible so
that soldiers can go through that treatment, because we also know that
part of that is we don't want them to go through the stigma, but it
almost has to be required that every soldier in those kind of settings
go through some degree of treatment to assure that we can come to grips
with it as quickly as possible.
We know that the number of suicides that are occurring right now,
some 6,000 annually, that is uncalled for. And it is disproportional on
the side of veterans versus the general public in terms of those
suicides.
I had a young lady in the military that committed suicide. And,
believe me, when they commit suicide while in the military, they get
treated very differently. The family does not get any compensation
whatsoever. And we are having difficulty right now, as we had
difficulty with the DOD, Department of Defense, when they ID'd some
22,000 soldiers with personality disorders. When that occurs, that
means that it is a preexisting condition. We have to go back and
assess. Maybe they do belong with that diagnosis, but we have got to
make sure that they are not wrongly diagnosed and not given what they
should be; otherwise, they won't be receiving their compensation.
So I want to personally thank you for allowing us to come here
tonight and talk about our soldiers and their families and their
children, because they are the ones who are also suffering, and those
statistics are just alarming and we should not tolerate that.
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. And in this Month of the Military Child, we
want to make sure that we highlight the impact on our military members'
families, because they are the ones that end up forgotten.
And I thank all of you for coming this evening, because you all have
some unique experience and involvement, unique constituencies who are
significantly impacted by our troops' deployment in the wars in Iraq
and Afghanistan.
And someone who in particular has a specific family member who has
inspired him is Congressman Jerry McNerney, who actually was inspired
to run for Congress by his son, Michael, who in response to the attacks
from September 11 sought and received a commission in the United States
Air Force. And Michael suggested that his dad serve his country, too,
by running for Congress. And when they pulled together as a family,
Congressman McNerney decided that that was what he needed to do. And we
were so pleased when your victory became clear on election night in
2006, and it is with a deep sense of duty and your family's support
that I know you are serving here and serving admirably.
So, the gentleman from California (Mr. McNerney).
Mr. McNERNEY. Thank you, Ms. Wasserman Schultz. And first I want to
say thank you personally for everything you have done for this
institution and for this Nation. The kind of
[[Page H2941]]
leadership you are showing tonight has been shown over and over
throughout your 3\1/2\ years in the Congress, and I look forward to
that kind of leadership in the future.
I want to say a few things about posttraumatic stress. The marital
problems diagram that we saw earlier is a shocking example of the kind
of thing that we are seeing throughout society as a result of this
conflict. It turns out that about one in five of our soldiers that
returns from Iraq is suffering from a serious form of posttraumatic
stress. And that correlates very well with the numbers we are seeing in
the graph: About 20 percent of divorce in the current year, 27 percent
of other problems, 15 percent of infidelity. So we know that those
numbers are about right. And this is exacerbated by having extended
tours, by staying there longer than 12 months, and by going back
repeatedly. And we know now that only about half of the servicemembers
who are suffering from posttraumatic stress and veterans are receiving
the right kind of treatment or are receiving any kind of treatment or
have sought treatment.
{time} 2145
We know that only about half of those that are looking for treatment
are getting the kind of treatment they need. So only about 5 percent of
the veterans really are getting the kind of treatment that they need on
that.
We really do owe the veterans of the country that have served, that
have volunteered in this day and age to serve our country, to go to a
conflict region, knowing that their lives are in danger, that they
could end up with post-traumatic stress, that it is going to be harmful
on their families, nonetheless they volunteered to serve our country,
to protect our freedom and fight for us back home. No matter how you
feel about the war and any of those political issues, we should all
agree that we owe our veterans for what they have done for our country.
You are finding throughout this Congress, the 110th Congress, that we
have made a collective decision to do what we can for the veterans. We
have increased the VA budget by $8 billion over the previous year. And
that is significant. That is great, but we still need to do a lot more,
and we are moving in that direction.
Today in the Veterans' Affairs Committee we had some bills on the GI
bill for the 21st century which are an extension of the Montgomery GI
bill, a terrific advancement to give our veterans the kind of education
that they need to be productive members of our society.
That money is very, very well spent. I have heard oftentimes that for
every dollar we invest in education for our veterans, we get paid back
ten-fold. You can see that as a true indication of what happened after
World War II. The veterans came back from World War II, and they were
given a terrific GI bill, and they have contributed to our society in
so many ways in terms of developing our infrastructure, in terms of
raising our national stature. And we want to make sure that the
veterans coming back from Iraq today have those same opportunities to
contribute in other ways than just participating in the war.
With regard to the Iraq war, a specific type of injury is the
hallmark or signature of this war, that is the traumatic brain injury.
Before in earlier conflicts those kind of injuries, a serious form of
traumatic brain injury resulted in death. Today they know how to treat
that injury. I will give you sort of a graphic explanation. If that is
going to be offensive, you better turn off the sound for a little
while.
Basically in a serious form of traumatic brain injury, you get a
bullet or shrapnel lodged in the brain, and what happens is your brain
begins to swell from the injury. And so unless that swelling is dealt
with very soon after the injury, the subject will die. So what they do
in the field now is they open up a large section of your skull. They
remove the skull itself and embed that into your GI territory to keep
that skull viable so it can be reattached later on. In this situation
the brain is allowed to swell, and they will have this proceed for
about a month. During that time they need to put you in a cold
surrounding. They put a cold jacket on you so you are shivering in your
bed for about a month. They keep you on medication to keep the swelling
down. When the swelling eventually goes down, they will reattach the
skull and let you heal.
Another problem is when you have this sort of injury, you are very
susceptible to reinjure that, to swell it after they have removed the
shrapnel if they can or the bullet. You are very susceptible, so you
have to be very careful a year or longer after this kind of injury.
We had a young man from my district, from the town of Manteca. It is
a small town of about 60,000 people. He was a Navy corpsman and he was
serving in Iraq and their convoy was attacked. He was servicing marines
that were injured, and a piece of shrapnel was embedded into his brain.
It went in through his eye and he lost his eye. He went through the
treatment, and then they brought him back to Bethesda, Maryland. I
visited him there a couple of times. This is a very long recovery. The
young man is doing fine. He is back home now.
I can tell you the town of Manteca where he grew up and lived and
went to church really came together for him. They had a dinner when he
was still in Bethesda. About 300 people came out to the dinner to
contribute and to show their support for this young man. It was a
terrific outpouring of community and faith and love. It was a terrific
thing to be representing this kind of town and this kind of a district
where people come together in that sort of way for one of their own.
And then when he did come home, the church that he went to, they had
a gathering. About a thousand people showed up, and he was there
receiving accolades and welcome and love from the entire community. I
can tell you, it is a terrible thing to see. Unfortunately, a lot of
our young men and women who come back from Iraq don't have that strong
of a community. We need to make sure that we provide them, through
treatments and efforts to integrate them back into society, to educate
them, that they get that sort of opportunity and that they receive the
kind of reward that they should for the kind of service and sacrifice
that they have made.
With that, I yield back to Ms. Wasserman Schultz, and thank you for
your leadership.
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Mr. McNerney, thank you. It is wonderful we
have someone of your stature and your commitment, that is willing to
come to the floor and talk about the importance of making sure that we
take care of not just the troops but of the troops' family members
because they are making a decision to serve the public as well. They
make sacrifices, and we all wanted to come together tonight as House
Democrats and talk about the sacrifices that those families make.
It is my distinct pleasure to yield to my colleague from Ohio,
Congressman Zack Space, whose father served in the Marines during the
Korean War, and who also serves on the Veterans' Affairs Committee and
has been a passionate advocate on behalf of issues important to
veterans and their families.
Mr. SPACE. I thank the gentlewoman from Florida for taking the lead
on this initiative.
In assessing the cost of war, all too often we resort to cold, hard
numbers. And we return to things like the financial cost of this war,
how much is it costing this Nation or how many lives have we lost.
Those are important considerations, obviously; but in assessing the
cost of this war, I think it is important that we as a body, as an
institution, point out that there are other costs. For example, the
loss of international goodwill, the cost of veterans' care is a part of
the cost of war, and what we are talking about tonight, the strain and
the effect that the war has had on families.
As I see it, there are a lot of different ways to measure that. The
most immediate and obvious is the trauma of deployment. Many families
in this country today are uneasy as we speak, praying and worrying
about their loved ones who are in a strange and foreign land subjected
to hostile conditions.
The financial strain on these families is enormous. The marital
strain is significant. The cost to a child who doesn't even know their
parent, it affects entire families.
I, too, have a loved one serving now in his second tour of duty in
Iraq. Zack
[[Page H2942]]
Space is his name as well, my cousin. I had the pleasure of spending
some time with his folks Sunday in Ohio for Greek Orthodox Easter. We
gathered as a family very mindful of little Zack's absence, and prayed
for him. To see the concern and worry in his mother's eyes is moving
and very visceral.
A second way of evaluating the cost and strain that this war has had
on families is to look at the loss that those families have occasioned.
We have heard some testimony today from some very able folks talking
about the realities of war and those who are returning from war, the
suicide rates, homelessness, drug and alcohol addiction, even the
breakdown of the traditional family unit. They are all affected by the
rigors of war.
And many of these attributes are due to post-traumatic disorder or
traumatic brain injury that my colleagues have talked about today,
lifelong conditions that will forever plague these families.
I would like to talk if I could for a moment about a couple of folks
back home and some others that have had a really profound effect on me
and my impressions of this war. One of them is Army Corporal Keith
Nepsa, who at the age of 22 years was killed in June of 2007 from
wounds sustained when an IED detonated near his vehicle in Iraq. Keith
was from New Philadelphia, Ohio, in Tuscarawas County, and I know his
father. I went to his funeral and again saw the look in their eyes as
they laid their son to rest. They will forever be plagued by this war.
Their lives will never be the same.
Another young man from my region, Marine Gunnery Sergeant Joshua Heck
who was grievously injured on the battlefield last year, and I went to
visit him in Walter Reed not long after his return to the States, a
return of a shattered man who had lost limbs, suffering from post-
traumatic stress disorder, and doomed to a life much different than
that which he took with him to Iraq.
I had the pleasure of meeting his wife, Brooke, and his mother who
were at his side at Walter Reed bearing much of this burden. As a side
note, Joshua, in his hospital bed when I went to visit him, it was at a
time when we were debating the course of action that this Congress
should take on the war. I asked him what he thought we should do.
Having been there, I felt he was qualified to make that assessment and
I welcomed his input.
When I asked him that question his response was: Sir, that's not for
me to say. You tell me to fight, I fight. I'm a soldier. You tell me to
stop and I stop.
And despite his broken body, his love for this country remained as
strong as ever. I found it very moving and touching.
Under the leadership of Chairman Filner, our Veterans' Affairs
Committee earlier this year held an Oversight and Investigations
Subcommittee hearing on the care of the seriously injured after
inpatient care. And at this hearing we received testimony from Sarah
Wade, not of my district, but who came to testify on behalf of her
husband, Sergeant Ted Wade, who had sustained traumatic brain injury.
{time} 2200
And Sarah has been left with a completely different life than that
which she had before her husband went off to war. He, and she, and
their family, will forever be plagued by these injuries.
When young men and women are killed in this war, or come back
grievously wounded, it's not just the soldier that suffers, it's their
family. And it's not just the family that suffers, it's their
community. Their communities grieve.
I'm blessed with a special district. Ohio's 18 district is one
wonderful small town after another. The largest city I have in my
district has about 25,000 people. And there are a lot of great things
about living in a district like that. We're very community-oriented.
There's a strong sense of personal responsibility. When good things
happen to us, we celebrate together. When bad things happen, like the
loss of a heroic soldier, like Corporal Nepsa, we grieve together as a
community. Our community continues to grieve for him, as well as the 15
other young men who went to this war and will never come home.
This war has spread its tentacles in many different directions within
our culture. As a Member of Congress, I'm sure I share this sentiment
with all of those colleagues who are here with me today. We have a
sacred obligation to make sure that we protect them while at war to the
extent that we're able. But we also have an obligation to bring them
home to their families and to their communities as soon as we are able.
I yield back.
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Thank you so much, Mr. Space and thank you for
your commitment. You really have been representing your district
proudly, and I know they're proud of you. And I am honored to serve
with you. We truly appreciate your being here this evening.
It's now my pleasure to yield a few minutes to my 30 something
colleague who is a little bit more familiar with the normal give and
take that we have in the 30-Something group. This is a little more
staid and low key for 30-Something, but we're trying to help you all
keep up with the pace. And feel free, to my colleagues, to jump in. We
usually have a little bit more dynamic style in the 30-Something
instead of a one at a time type of approach.
So my colleague, Congressman Altmire, from the great State of
Pennsylvania, I have to tell a story before I yield to you. And you've
heard me tell this before.
Literally, I'm on the whip team for our caucus, and it was my
responsibility right after Mr. Altmire's election to sidle over to him
and talk to him about some legislation that we wanted him to vote with
the caucus on. And literally, his first words to me were that he had to
make sure what the impact was on veterans, and that he came here to
make sure that the quality of life of our Nation's veterans was upheld
and that that was paramount to him. So I thought that was really
admirable and wonderful; and you have represented veterans in your
community incredibly well.
And I yield to my colleague from Pennsylvania.
Mr. ALTMIRE. I appreciate the gentlewoman's kind remarks and yielding
me the time. And I appreciate my colleagues who have been here allowing
me the opportunity to speak because I do have to take the chair. And I
want to thank the gentleman from Iowa (Mr. Braley) for his patience
while he waits for me to step up to the plate.
I really think it's important for us to consider the work that this
Congress has done on these issues. And we've spent a lot of time
tonight talking about the problem; and that's very important. But it's
important that our colleagues and the American people understand what
we've done about it. We're not just in a position where we're going to
talk about what's wrong. And we know the issues.
There's 700,000 children in America where the head of the household
has been deployed. 700,000 children that are missing a parent right now
because they're deployed overseas. 19,000 children have had a parent
wounded in action. 22,000 have lost a parent in Iraq or Afghanistan.
And we have 40 percent of active duty servicemen and women that are
married. So, Mr. Space talked about the effect of the spouse, certainly
in the tragic extreme, but even when they're deployed and all of the
circumstances that arise.
And just today, the American Psychiatric Association released a study
focused on the mental health effects of deployments on servicemembers
and their family. And that study, again, by the American Psychiatric
Association, said that over 30 percent of military family members
admitted to being very stressed because of the deployment.
Five years into the war in Iraq, one out of five, 20 percent of those
family members surveyed, did not realize that they had the ability to
access mental health care treatment to help them with that stress.
And I know we've talked tonight, and it's well documented, the
increase in spousal abuse that takes place upon the return from active
duty service.
So what has this Congress done? And there are many examples we can
give. The largest increase in the 77-year history of VA. We've talked
many times.
I wanted to talk about one specific amendment that took place which I
offered to the Defense Authorization Bill that dealt with family and
medical
[[Page H2943]]
leave, and extending the current Family and Medical Leave Act to cover
the family members of military, Guard and Reserve members who were
deployed, because we obviously need to allow time to work with families
in those post-deployment briefings that often take place during the
work day. They can't get time off work when they're gathering with
their peers from the region to learn what's happening overseas and what
the updates are for what's available to them. They should be able to
take that time for family medical leave.
Household expenses, getting their financial house in order, dealing
with child care issues, all of these are things that are now covered
under family medical leave because of the actions of this Congress.
This has been signed into law.
Importantly, when the serviceman or woman is injured overseas, you
can take Family and Medical Leave Act time to care for the injured
serviceman or woman. That's incredibly important. That's going to
fundamentally change people's lives, and that's something that this
Congress did.
But most to the point of what we're talking about with this study
from the American Psychiatric Association and other evidence that
exists, we allow family members to take Family and Medical Leave Act
time to re-assimilate, as a family, after the serviceman or woman
returns from their deployment so they can get to know each other again,
spend time with their spouse, spend time with their kids. That is
incredibly important. That is a huge achievement of this Congress, and
that's something that I'm very proud of, that this Congress has done.
That's been signed into law, and it is going to have a major impact on
the lives of our brave servicemen and women who are fighting for this
country.
So I just wanted to tell that story before I took the chair. And
again, I would thank Mr. Braley, and I would yield back to the
gentlewoman from Florida.
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Thank you, Mr. Altmire. And thank you for
really making America's military, veterans as well as the troops
currently serving, a high priority for yourself and your agenda and the
issues that you champion on behalf of the people in the district that
you represent in Pennsylvania.
I want to turn now to another Pennsylvanian who served in the United
States Navy for 31 years and rose to the rank of three star Admiral.
His battle group conducted combat operations in Afghanistan and
precursor operations to the war in Iraq, and he is one of our caucus'
foremost experts on the issues that are important to military families
and that are important to us as we try to wrestle with this very
difficult issue of how we're going to extricate ourselves from this war
in Iraq. And our caucus has tremendous respect for your service. And
it's my pleasure to yield to Congressman Joe Sestak.
Mr. SESTAK. Thank you very much. I may be the one slowing us down
tonight because I'm 50-something in a 30-something group.
This is wonderful. If I might speak, I'm really honored to be asked
to say a few words on the last day of the Month of the Military Child.
In the Pentagon, across from the Secretary of Defense's office is the
best painting in all of the Pentagon. It's of a young servicemember
kneeling in church. And next to him is his young spouse and his young
child. And under it is that wonderful saying from the book of Isaiah
where God turns to Isaiah and says, Who shall I send? Who will go for
us? And Isaiah replies, here am I. Send me.
But really, what that picture depicts is the family that actually is
saying, here we are, send us.
I got to know, joining up in 1970 and on, a lot of those families. We
don't have, in the military, a human resource department where you
outsource problems or challenges. So you sit with them when they're in
debt and help to balance their checkbook, or you sit there with them
trying to make sure that they get the proper care in the hospital. You
get to know the families very well.
And you get to know them in another way during long deployments. Back
then, in those early 1970 days, you'd sit there as a young man came up
after leaving port and receiving a letter, or getting a letter at sea
from another ship as it passes from ship to ship, from his wife that
says, Johnny's okay after the operation. But he didn't know about the
operation. Maybe in the next port of call, 30 days later, the letter
would come in that said, want you to know Johnny had a broken leg. It's
okay. He'll have an operation next week.
Or go ahead 3\1/2\ decades or so, and how I could sit there and, with
technology, record over the Internet and read each evening to my
daughter, who was, during this, while gone from her for about a year,
during the war and would be able to read to her a book so that she'd go
up to the TV and just kiss it. Even today, 7 years later she goes up to
the TV if I'm on and kisses it.
I bring those up because I think what people in the military learn is
that when authority or responsibility passes, and you come home, that
what's really left is the infinite tenderness and caring of a loving
family.
And yet, we also recognize in the military, in words that were more
reflective of its time, three, 3\1/2\ decades ago, that on the
commissary bag, shopping bags of each of the military or the Navy
complexes would be a saying, ``Navy wife, toughest job in the Navy.''
Or as 70 years ago, the wife of a Chief of Naval Operations said in a
poem, a Navy wife remembers. When crying seems likely, just laugh it
away.
I bring those up because what sets our military apart from our
professions, as someone once said, is it has the dignity of danger. And
the character that our men and women who serve in the military show and
triumph which didn't begin in theories. It really begins in those
places from whence we come and the people who made us who we are, not
just our communities, but in particular our families.
And I bring that up because today as was brought out here, is every
war is different. World War II, our veterans, on average, had about 182
days of combat. Horrific combat. Battles like Normandy or Guadalcanal.
But there was some dwell time in between those battles, time for your
physical nerves to adjust, which has a major impact upon your mental
state, and time for your mental state to readjust.
In Iraq, however, our soldiers go outside the wire every day for 15
months, into a combat-like situation, and then they come home for 12
and go back again. And then come back to families where 19 percent of
them face Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 33 percent have a mental
challenge from depression to anxiety.
So as our families say, here we are, send us, it's never been more
vital than now to recognize that if this Nation still wants its
families to say here we are, send us, we, more than ever before, I
believe, owe it to our veterans to take care of them and their families
in the ways that have been laid out much better than I could have by my
colleagues. So thank you for speaking tonight.
It's a wonderful brotherhood and sisterhood I lived in for many years
that finds the grandest sepulchre of all, a home in the hearts of brave
men and women. But again, when all that passes out there, what's left
is that family. And whatever we can do for them, from now and forever,
is the most arduous responsibility I believe Congress, in this time of
war can be charged with.
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Thank you so much, Mr. Sestak, for your 31
years of military service and now your continued public service to our
country and to the citizens of Pennsylvania and your district. We
really truly appreciate your expertise and the heart that you put into
this job in representing your community. So thank you so much for
joining us.
{time} 2215
It's my pleasure to turn to someone who I admire and respect and look
up to. She is one of the few women that are in a leadership role in our
Congress on the Armed Services Committee, and she is really a person
who has broken through on the issues that are important to the military
and the military families and provided a different perspective, as
women often do.
And this was such a tremendous source of pride for me, Ms. Davis,
that you chair the Subcommittee on Military Personnel, which is an
incredibly important assignment of the House Armed Services Committee;
and you represent the community of San Diego so admirably in this
institution, and
[[Page H2944]]
you have been a champion on behalf of veterans and military families.
It is my pleasure to yield to you. Thank you so much for joining us.
Mrs. DAVIS of California. Thank you, Ms. Wasserman Schultz.
Mr. Speaker, I really am delighted to join my colleagues here and to
hear the warm stories that they've told and how critical, how important
the issue that we're speaking about this evening is because, you know,
what is it about? It's really about our national security, and it is
about the willingness of men and women to serve.
I found a quote from our first Commander in Chief, President
Washington, and I think it's appropriate to what we've been talking
about here today because he said that ``The willingness with which our
young people are likely to serve in any war, no matter how justified,
shall be directly proportional to how they perceive veterans of early
wars were treated and appreciated by our nation.''
And I would add to what President Washington said that the
willingness with which our families are likely to serve in any war, no
matter how justified, shall be directly proportional to how they
perceive families of early wars were treated and appreciated by our
Nation.
When I first came to Congress and I found this fabulous opportunity
to serve on the Armed Services Committee, we were not at war. And I met
with many of our families and our ombudspeople in the Navy and began to
understand what they go through. And I remember so strongly that one of
the spouses, one of the ombudsmen said to me, You know, people think of
our husbands who deploy on ships, obviously, in the Navy. But, you
know, all of us prepare and deploy, that families prepare for this. She
was talking about a time when we are not at war.
So we can imagine how difficult it is for families who are preparing
for that deployment, preparing for the kind of uncertainties that they
know will be around the corner. And that's so difficult.
You have the picture of the family here and the children, and I look
at the faces of the children; and I see such resilience in their eyes,
and children are tremendously resilient. But the reality is that our
children who go to school, and most of our children go to regular
schools; they don't go to schools where there are only military
families, and on some of our bases that's true, but I have learned on
many of our bases that most of the families are in public schools out
in the community.
Many of those children come to school with great fears of what is
going to happen that day. They don't know if Mommy and Daddy are even
going to come home, those who are a little more sophisticated about
what they are going through. So we have to be very, very careful, be
very, very supportive of those families.
We can even think about our own struggles at home, our own struggles
with financial issues and just the general stuff that any couples go
through and then magnify that for our families. Many of our families
are very young, and we especially need to be supportive of them.
We've covered a lot of ground here this evening, so I don't want to
have to go over some of that ground. But if we're going to deploy our
men and women at the current pace that we're doing today, we really
have to understand the consequences of our policy decisions and
sufficiently address how they affect the brave men and women who are
serving.
And there is one area that I think the public is learning more about
now. And the other day, I had a few hours, and I decided that I didn't
have anybody to go with at the time but I wanted to just go see the
movie Stop-Loss. And I wanted to just sit in that theater by myself and
feel the full impact of that movie because there is a policy involved
there that we have undertaken. And I think when you go and you see the
movie, and I would certainly encourage people to do that to understand
the pain that our families go through, how unpredictable it is and how
difficult it is.
We have been looking at this policy, of course, and we would like to
stop it. But we know that in fact we need the men and women serving
today. So as much as we want to stop that, we're not able to do that
right away. Stop-loss, as we know, allows the military to extend a
servicemember's time in uniform, and it has been used far too often,
and there have been some attempts to change that. We also know, very
significantly, predictability is so important to our men and women who
serve, and the repeated deployments make that very, very difficult.
So I think we need to focus, and we are, on the dwell-time that
families have. They need to readjust. I have had spouses tell me that
now that they've been through so many deployments, they're beginning to
teach other families about how to give their loved ones space because
when you come home, the family wants to just be right there. Well,
sometimes that doesn't work so well, and people need to learn that.
So I think that with many of the policies that we're working on
today, and yes, we are learning more; we're learning more about PTSD,
we're learning about how we can erase the stigma, and I think the
military can actually lead the way for the country in that if we do it
right.
So I just want to commend you for having this time today and let you
know that we are working hard on this. I wish we could work a lot
faster on these issues. But we are trying very hard and keeping in mind
every day our wonderful men and women who are serving and their
families. They are the ones who are sacrificing today, and we need to
give them every support that we can.
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Thank you, Ms. Davis.
Mr. Speaker, I sense that our time is drawing to a close.
The whole point of doing this 30-Something hour focused on the impact
of deployments on military families was to try to improve the quality
of their life and decrease the impact, the negative impact.
I just want to show you an important statistic here is that less than
50 percent of military families felt that they had support available
through all of the phases of their family members' deployment, and that
is absolutely unconscionable. It is something that Chairman Filner and
the members of the Armed Services Committee, as well as the Veterans'
Affairs Committee, have been working very hard at trying to improve,
and that is what the Democratic Caucus, under Speaker Pelosi's
leadership, has been absolutely committed to.
Mr. Speaker, I want to yield 30 seconds to Mr. Space, and then we
will wrap up.
Mr. SPACE. I, once again, thank the gentlewoman from Florida.
Mr. Speaker, when we ask troops to go to war, we have a couple of
obligations: We have to make sure that we only send them to war when we
have to, that we give them the protection on the battlefield to keep
them safe and allow them to accomplish their mission, care for them
when they return, especially if they're wounded; but certainly, as our
colleague from Pennsylvania, Admiral Sestak, attested to, abide by
their familial concerns.
It is absolutely unacceptable that 50 percent of all family members
of those who are deployed feel that they're not receiving the support
they deserve. I thank the gentlewoman for bringing attention to it and
beginning to address that problem.
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Mr. Speaker, to bring us home, Mr. McNerney.
Mr. McNERNEY. Thank you, Ms. Wasserman Schultz.
Mr. Speaker, we've heard a lot of different aspects of the stress of
this war on our soldiers, from the families and the children, to the
men and women serving.
One thing we haven't talked about is financial stress, and we know
that veterans, especially guardsmen and women and reservists when they
go overseas, they're particularly vulnerable to foreclosure; and just
today in the Veteran's Affairs Committee, we did pass a significant
Veterans Housing Authority bill that will be available to those young
men and women coming up in the next month or two.
So we're working at all parts of this problem and finding ways to
help the veterans through the crises that they're going to be facing
upon return, and we welcome them back. This country loves our veterans,
and we want to do everything we can for them
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Mr. Speaker, with that, in honor of the Month
of the Military Child, we thank
[[Page H2945]]
Speaker Pelosi for her generous donation of this time to the 30-
Something Working Group.
Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
____________________