[Congressional Record Volume 154, Number 70 (Wednesday, April 30, 2008)]
[House]
[Pages H2938-H2945]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                      EFFECTS OF TROOP DEPLOYMENTS

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of 
January 18, 2007, the gentlewoman from Florida (Ms. Wasserman Schultz) 
is recognized for 60 minutes as the designee of the majority leader.
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Thank you, Mr. Speaker.
  Mr. Speaker, before I begin, I would like to ask unanimous consent 
that all Members may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and 
extend their remarks and include extraneous material.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentlewoman from Florida?
  There was no objection.
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Mr. Speaker, we appreciate the opportunity 
tonight in the 30-Something Working Group to talk about an item that is 
extremely important to America and particularly important to America's 
military families, and that is the effects of troop deployment on the 
children, families and communities of military personnel.
  Speaker Pelosi has been so supportive of the notion that we need to 
make sure that we shape our policy, particularly around our Nation's 
veterans, in support of our military families. The extended troop 
deployments, the tour after tour of duty, I know that so many of us as 
Members have met with soldiers' families and met with individual troops 
who have said they are on their third and fourth tour of duty, that 
they are having extended deployments, that they are having a much 
shorter than they are supposed to time between deployments. Normally 
they are supposed to go through about 365 days between deployments. 
Those times have not been respected and they have been sent back much 
sooner.
  Since October 2001, approximately 1.6 million U.S. troops have been 
deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. Deployed family members are leaving 
behind parents, children and spouses to provide a selfless patriotic 
service to our country. However, families are also asked to make great 
sacrifices when dealing with the stress and anxiety of multiple 
deployments, limited and infrequent communications, and the separation 
of a family member.
  In this Month of the Military Child, we thought it was only 
appropriate that we show our support for those that themselves provide 
so much support to our soldiers and discuss the consequences of these 
prolonged separations.
  I would like to begin, Mr. Speaker, with a story of the Lopez family. 
The Lopez family is right here. They were profiled in the Sesame 
Workshop Talk, Listen, Connect Series. Ten-year-old Ernesto, who is the 
little boy right here, and 6-year-old Jennifer, live with their mother 
and baby brother on Fort Bragg in North Carolina, which is home of the 
Airborne and Special Operations Forces and one of the largest military 
bases in the world. Their dad, Staff Sergeant Ernesto Lopez, is in Iraq 
on his third tour of duty.
  Look how little these children are. The daughter is 6 years old. If 
he is on his third tour of duty, and most of these tours of duty, Mr. 
Speaker, are, as you know, about a year each, that means that he has 
missed half of Jennifer's life already. Half. It is just unbelievable.
  Jennifer keeps a special calendar in her room to mark the days until 
her dad comes home. Ernesto sleeps with a duplicate of the small ball 
that his father carries, a soft army ball with a molded helmet and a 
soldier's face, onto which Ernesto drew a heart that means ``we love 
each other,'' in his words. Even baby Elan, who was born 2 days before 
his father was deployed, has a soft-sided photo album filled with 
pictures of his dad that his mother hopes will ease his recognition 
when he returns.
  Imagine. It is going to be incredibly difficult for this family to go 
through the restoration of bonding that military families inevitably go 
through. I can't imagine having just given birth and having to leave to 
go across the world and not know whether or if I would see my family 
again. That is what our men and women that are fighting for us in Iraq 
are going through every single day. And as Ernesto, Jennifer, Elan and 
Mrs. Lopez know so well, when a parent is deployed, the entire family 
is deployed.
  The Lopez children are an example of the 1.2 million children under 
the age of 10 who have a parent or parents on active military duty or 
in the Reserves, which is more than at any other time since World War 
II.
  Tonight, Mr. Speaker, we are going to be discussing the burdens of 
deployment on the children, families and communities of the brave men 
and women that serve us in uniform. Families and communities of 
military personnel are making huge sacrifices every day for the 
protection of this country, and we must be prepared as a Nation to 
ensure the well-being of military families, welcome home our brave 
soldiers at the end of their tours, and provide for their safe 
reintegration into their communities.
  At this time, I would like to recognize the gentleman who suggested 
that the 30-Something Working Group take up this subject during our 
weekly hour. He is a tremendous leader when it comes to the issues 
important to veterans and military families, Chairman Bob Filner, the 
gentleman from California.
  Mr. FILNER. I thank the gentlewoman for her leadership on many 
issues, especially in these special orders, and tonight a very 
important one, the effect of deployment on our families, our military 
families.
  You know, this is a war that has gone on the second longest in our 
history. There are over 4,000 young men and women who have been killed. 
There have been at least 30,000 casualties that we account for of 
Americans, hundreds of thousands of Iraqis. That 30,000 official 
figure, by the way, compare that with the following statistic: Over 
800,000 veterans have already returned from this war in Iraq.

                              {time}  2130

  Over 300,000 of them have filed claims for injuries, whether physical 
or psychological, while in battle, 300,000. Compare that with the 
official figure of 30,000. It is a factor of ten. Something is not 
being told to the American people here.
  But then, think of all the families involved of those who have been 
killed, the best and brightest of our young men and women, the 
casualties that we admit, the hundreds of thousands of casualties when 
they come home. Not only do they have to deal with fatality or grave 
injury, they have to deal with income problems. A spouse may have to 
take care of her husband and lose two incomes.
  What about the children? Over 1 million children of those deployed or 
were deployed or will be deployed, how do they take daddy coming home, 
or not coming home, dealing with violence that is a symptom of PTSD, 
posttraumatic stress disorder, dealing with an amputated father or 
mother, dealing with brain injuries?

[[Page H2939]]

  This is something that we as a society have got to deal with. It is 
part of the cost of war, and the cost of war that we have been asked to 
take on doesn't cover this. We have to fight for every penny for 
veterans and their families.
  The President says support our troops, support our troops, support 
our troops. But when they come home, who supports the troops, and who 
is looking after the families? And that is what we are dealing with 
tonight.
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Mr. Filner, your leadership on the Veterans' 
Affairs Committee has just been second to none. Your commitment to our 
military families has been so incredibly important in trying to make 
sure that we can highlight their needs and the struggles and 
difficulties that they go through; and the policy that you are shaping 
in your committee to make sure that we can improve their lives.
  Look at the statistics there. The statistics there show just exactly 
what the impact is on our military families. The dark green shows 2003 
to 2005 what you had in infidelity, it was about 4 percent. Fast 
forward to 2007, and we are at 15 percent. You go to divorce. We are at 
11 percent 2003 to 2005, and you are up to 20 percent in 2007. And then 
look at any other problem. And of course the military families have 
problems just like anybody else, but look at the explosion of problems 
that military families have had in terms of their marital problems. In 
2003 to 2005, it was 12 percent and they are at 27 percent now. 
Granted, war is a stressful situation, Mr. Chairman. But, my gosh, we 
need to do more. And I know that your committee is committed to doing 
that.
  Mr. FILNER. Let me focus, if I may, Ms. Wasserman Schultz, on the 
children. And children have to deal again with dad or mom away for 
extended periods. You mentioned the Lopez family. Or the problems may 
really begin when dad or mom come comes back, amputated legs, spinal 
cord injuries, posttraumatic stress disorder.
  Now, this is something that our VA or DOD or administration ought to 
be worried about, and yet it was left to the private sector to figure 
out, what do we tell our children? How do we answer something at an 
age-appropriate level?
  And I want to thank the Sesame Street Workshop who produces Sesame 
Street, the nonprofit educational organization, for its leadership. As 
you mentioned, there are hundreds and thousands of children of military 
families who are impacted every day by the deployment of one or both of 
their parents. They responded to this 2 years ago by making an outreach 
tool to help families and their young children cope with the challenges 
of deployment: A DVD featuring Elmo who struggles with military 
deployment of his father, and urges his viewers to share their emotions 
and fears directly with their parents. After watching this video 
together, families have found a new opportunity to talk with their 
children and communicate together as a family.
  Here is the first DVD that Sesame Street did under a Talk, Listen, 
and Connect series, Helping Families During Military Deployment; and 
also in Spanish, Partides Militares Bienvenidos Cambios. And that was 
distributed with the help of the military and the help of the VA to 
hundreds of thousands of young people.
  Just yesterday, Sesame Street launched a new DVD, a new series called 
Deployments, Homecoming, and Changes. And that addresses the level of 
anxiety children may experience after multiple deployments, as well as 
to help young children gain an age-appropriate understanding of a 
parent's combat-related health condition so the family can heal 
together. The DVD features again Elmo and Rosita, and intersperses the 
Muppets with real families like the Lopez family that you showed us 
earlier. They are meant for children, but spouses and friends and 
relatives facing a complicated transition of multiple deployments or 
the physical and psychological wounds.
  I invite, by the way, all Members of the House of Representatives to 
meet Elmo and the Cookie Monster next Wednesday on May 7, at 4:00, at 
HC-5. Sesame Street will bring Elmo and the Cookie Monster. You can 
take pictures with him or her, I am not sure, and pick up a copy of 
this DVD. It will be distributed free to military families all over the 
Nation.
  I hope every one of our colleagues picks up a copy, watches it, and 
helps distribute it in their own districts. This is an important tool 
that was produced for us by people who care about what is going on.
  And I will tell you, we are now in the Month of the Military Child. 
We want to honor the children of military families. But we have now a 
tool to reach children. This is aimed at very young children below the 
age of five. And if they watch what is going on, again, I have seen 
some of the previews. One of the children of a parent with a prosthetic 
leg was shown bringing the leg to dad to try to make that situation 
sort of natural and a part of life and not something to be ashamed of 
or to fear. And so Sesame Street uses the power of video to connect 
with soldiers and their families and of course the children.
  You can watch the video yourself. Go to sesameworkshop.org/tlc for 
Talk, Listen, and Connect; Hablen, Escuchen, Conecten, at 
sesameworkshop.org/tlc, and you can see that and watch it for yourself.
  I would just like to say to my colleague from San Antonio, who is a 
psychologist and has dealt with children in his professional life and 
is a great aid on our veterans committee for issues of mental health 
and the issues we are talking about today, we thank you for your 
leadership, Mr. Rodriguez.
  Mr. Speaker, let me also thank Ms. Wasserman Schultz for her 
steadfast support of America's children and her interest in the needs 
of veterans' families.
  Every day the men and women of our armed forces sacrifice to protect 
and preserve our way of life, whether by putting themselves in harm's 
way, or by enduring time away from their loved ones at home.
  I would like to recognize Sesame Workshop, the nonprofit educational 
organization behind Sesame Street, for its leadership in serving the 
most vulnerable population of the Armed Services--the thousands of 
young children in military families who are impacted every day by 
issues related to deployment.
  Sesame Workshop has responded to the needs of the 700,000 children 
under the age of 5 who have a parent in the military. In August 2006, 
Sesame Workshop launched a critically needed outreach tool to help 
families and their young children cope with the challenges of 
deployment.
  In this video, Elmo struggles with the military deployment of his 
father and urges his viewers to share their emotions and fears directly 
with their parents.
  After watching this video together, families have found a new 
opportunity to talk with their children and communicate together as a 
family.
  Just yesterday, Sesame Workshop launched its second phase of its 
Talk, Listen, Connect series of videos for military children.
  This newest resource kit is titled, ``Deployments, Homecomings, 
Changes'' and it addresses the level of anxiety children may experience 
after multiple deployments as well as help young children gain an age-
appropriate understanding of a parent's combat-related health condition 
so the family can heal together.
  These new outreach materials are meant for spouses, friends, and 
relatives of military parents and children who are facing the 
complicated transitions of multiple deployments or who have returned 
home with combat-related health injuries, both physical and 
psychological.
  Elmo is again filling an unmet need for developmentally appropriate 
resources for young children.
  This project has garnered overwhelming support from the military 
community, with nearly 400,000 of the original kits requested from 
active duty, National Guard, and reserve families to help build a sense 
of stability and resiliency during times of separation and change.
  April is the ``Month of the Military Child.'' Today, we are taking 
the time to honor the children in military families and acknowledging 
the personal sacrifices they make and the challenges they overcome.
  I applaud the critical work of organizations like Sesame Workshop 
whose project, Talk, Listen, Connect, has the sole purpose of helping 
make the lives of these children and their families a little easier 
during some of the most difficult of times.
  I commend Sesame Workshop for its work to help empower children and 
adults alike, as well as help families overcome adversity together in 
order to bring hope for the future.
  Sesame Workshop uses the power of video to connect with soldiers and 
their families during these difficult times. The video honestly 
addresses the sadness, confusion and anxiety

[[Page H2940]]

with sensitivity and clarity for the 700,000 pre-school kids in this 
country whose parents serve lengthy and frequent deployments.
  This video is available to watch on the internet. Just search for 
Sesame Workshop and TLC.
  You can also order a kit on the web site--for your neighbor, your co-
worker, or even your own child--that might be struggling with the 
extended deployment of a parent, or adapting to a parent that has 
returned home but is suffering from visible or invisible wounds.
  As a Nation, we must do more than simply say we support our service 
members and their families. We must follow through with true deeds and 
bold action that will ultimately assist our military families as they 
make the transition into civilian life.
  I urge you to learn more about Sesame Workshop and share these 
extraordinary resources with military families you know.
  This video will begin to build a dialogue between children and 
parents, as well as this country and our Nation's military families. 
America cares for our military families and this Sesame Workshop film 
shares this message of support.
  We need to make sure the fabric of our society is strong enough to 
ensure the well-being of the military family and I want to thank Sesame 
Workshop and the many organizations that contributed to this project.
  Again, my thanks to Congresswoman Wasserman Schultz for your 
leadership on this issue.
  Mr. RODRIGUEZ. And I want to personally take this opportunity to 
thank you for your leadership as chairman of the VA Committee. And I 
can honestly tell you that I spent 8 years on the committee prior to 
leaving for 2 years and then coming back, and it has been day and night 
with your leadership there. And I want to personally thank you.
  Nothing was more frustrating than to serve on the VA Committee for 8 
long years and not be able to make things happen. And, in fact, during 
that period of time is when we were charging our veterans even co-
payments and fees and those kind of things. But in the last 1 year and 
4 months we have been able, not only with the 2007 budget, the 2008 
budget, and the supplemental, we have been able to put $13 billion to 
our veterans. And so I want to personally thank you for your leadership 
on the part of the legislation that we have passed.
  Just today in your committee, Mr. Chairman--and Chairwoman, thank you 
for this opportunity--we are able to pass a series of bills, one of 
them that seemed to simple, but picks up the COLA that addresses the 
needs of the survivor spouse as well as children, survivors of 
veterans, as well as disability compensation. So I want to thank you 
for that.
  Let me just give you a couple of statistics. More than 700,000 
children have had parents deployed at some point during the conflict, 
700,000 children; 19,000 children have had their parents wounded in 
action; some 2,220 children have lost their parents both in Afghanistan 
and Iraq. Not to mention the fact that we have lost more soldiers, some 
6,000 per year, to suicides, which is uncalled for. And I am really 
glad that we have started to move on working on posttraumatic stress 
with our soldiers and adding some resources, and including legislation 
that allows an opportunity for the first time to reach out and work 
with the families of those individuals that suffer from posttraumatic 
stress disorders.
  I know personally, just like those families know, that when somebody 
suffers from posttraumatic stress, just like when somebody suffers from 
alcoholism, the whole family gets impacted, the children, the spouses.
  I just got a call a couple of weeks ago from a soldier that is 
getting deployed for the fourth time. And he was basically telling me, 
``Mr. Rodriguez, I have already lost my wife, we have gotten a divorce, 
and they are now taking away the opportunity for me to visit the 
children.''
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Can I ask you a question on that? Given your 
expertise and your professional background in psychology; obviously 
posttraumatic stress disorder is incredibly stressful on families, and 
I just want to bring up some statistics and maybe have you comment on 
them.
  We have documentation that servicemembers who are given a diagnosis 
of PTSD were significantly more likely to perpetrate violence toward 
their partners, with more than 80 percent committing at least one act 
of violence in the previous year, and almost half at least one severe 
act. And that source, the third-party validator we have on that is the 
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, and that was back in 2003 that 
they cited that.
  The stress on families, beyond the deployment, which is obviously 
incredibly stressful. When they come back and they are suffering from 
PTSD, that has to have an incredibly horrific impact.
  Mr. RODRIGUEZ. It really does. And one of the things that we are now 
looking back, and we should even go back to the Vietnam era, a large 
number of those veterans that are homeless out there are suffering from 
posttraumatic stress from the Vietnam veteran era. So we cannot allow 
that to occur to this generation of soldiers coming in from Iraq and 
Afghanistan. So I am real pleased with the resources that we have come 
forward. Now, we have got to make sure that we have those programs and 
treatment that reach out not only to that veteran but to the entire 
family and community as a whole. We allowed for legislation because we 
don't have the sufficient workers out there to provide that treatment, 
to contract out with the community health centers, mental health 
centers, to reach out as quickly as possible to those specific 
soldiers.
  We are anticipating, and we are trying to make it more flexible so 
that soldiers can go through that treatment, because we also know that 
part of that is we don't want them to go through the stigma, but it 
almost has to be required that every soldier in those kind of settings 
go through some degree of treatment to assure that we can come to grips 
with it as quickly as possible.
  We know that the number of suicides that are occurring right now, 
some 6,000 annually, that is uncalled for. And it is disproportional on 
the side of veterans versus the general public in terms of those 
suicides.
  I had a young lady in the military that committed suicide. And, 
believe me, when they commit suicide while in the military, they get 
treated very differently. The family does not get any compensation 
whatsoever. And we are having difficulty right now, as we had 
difficulty with the DOD, Department of Defense, when they ID'd some 
22,000 soldiers with personality disorders. When that occurs, that 
means that it is a preexisting condition. We have to go back and 
assess. Maybe they do belong with that diagnosis, but we have got to 
make sure that they are not wrongly diagnosed and not given what they 
should be; otherwise, they won't be receiving their compensation.
  So I want to personally thank you for allowing us to come here 
tonight and talk about our soldiers and their families and their 
children, because they are the ones who are also suffering, and those 
statistics are just alarming and we should not tolerate that.
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. And in this Month of the Military Child, we 
want to make sure that we highlight the impact on our military members' 
families, because they are the ones that end up forgotten.
  And I thank all of you for coming this evening, because you all have 
some unique experience and involvement, unique constituencies who are 
significantly impacted by our troops' deployment in the wars in Iraq 
and Afghanistan.
  And someone who in particular has a specific family member who has 
inspired him is Congressman Jerry McNerney, who actually was inspired 
to run for Congress by his son, Michael, who in response to the attacks 
from September 11 sought and received a commission in the United States 
Air Force. And Michael suggested that his dad serve his country, too, 
by running for Congress. And when they pulled together as a family, 
Congressman McNerney decided that that was what he needed to do. And we 
were so pleased when your victory became clear on election night in 
2006, and it is with a deep sense of duty and your family's support 
that I know you are serving here and serving admirably.
  So, the gentleman from California (Mr. McNerney).
  Mr. McNERNEY. Thank you, Ms. Wasserman Schultz. And first I want to 
say thank you personally for everything you have done for this 
institution and for this Nation. The kind of

[[Page H2941]]

leadership you are showing tonight has been shown over and over 
throughout your 3\1/2\ years in the Congress, and I look forward to 
that kind of leadership in the future.
  I want to say a few things about posttraumatic stress. The marital 
problems diagram that we saw earlier is a shocking example of the kind 
of thing that we are seeing throughout society as a result of this 
conflict. It turns out that about one in five of our soldiers that 
returns from Iraq is suffering from a serious form of posttraumatic 
stress. And that correlates very well with the numbers we are seeing in 
the graph: About 20 percent of divorce in the current year, 27 percent 
of other problems, 15 percent of infidelity. So we know that those 
numbers are about right. And this is exacerbated by having extended 
tours, by staying there longer than 12 months, and by going back 
repeatedly. And we know now that only about half of the servicemembers 
who are suffering from posttraumatic stress and veterans are receiving 
the right kind of treatment or are receiving any kind of treatment or 
have sought treatment.

                              {time}  2145

  We know that only about half of those that are looking for treatment 
are getting the kind of treatment they need. So only about 5 percent of 
the veterans really are getting the kind of treatment that they need on 
that.
  We really do owe the veterans of the country that have served, that 
have volunteered in this day and age to serve our country, to go to a 
conflict region, knowing that their lives are in danger, that they 
could end up with post-traumatic stress, that it is going to be harmful 
on their families, nonetheless they volunteered to serve our country, 
to protect our freedom and fight for us back home. No matter how you 
feel about the war and any of those political issues, we should all 
agree that we owe our veterans for what they have done for our country.
  You are finding throughout this Congress, the 110th Congress, that we 
have made a collective decision to do what we can for the veterans. We 
have increased the VA budget by $8 billion over the previous year. And 
that is significant. That is great, but we still need to do a lot more, 
and we are moving in that direction.
  Today in the Veterans' Affairs Committee we had some bills on the GI 
bill for the 21st century which are an extension of the Montgomery GI 
bill, a terrific advancement to give our veterans the kind of education 
that they need to be productive members of our society.
  That money is very, very well spent. I have heard oftentimes that for 
every dollar we invest in education for our veterans, we get paid back 
ten-fold. You can see that as a true indication of what happened after 
World War II. The veterans came back from World War II, and they were 
given a terrific GI bill, and they have contributed to our society in 
so many ways in terms of developing our infrastructure, in terms of 
raising our national stature. And we want to make sure that the 
veterans coming back from Iraq today have those same opportunities to 
contribute in other ways than just participating in the war.
  With regard to the Iraq war, a specific type of injury is the 
hallmark or signature of this war, that is the traumatic brain injury. 
Before in earlier conflicts those kind of injuries, a serious form of 
traumatic brain injury resulted in death. Today they know how to treat 
that injury. I will give you sort of a graphic explanation. If that is 
going to be offensive, you better turn off the sound for a little 
while.
  Basically in a serious form of traumatic brain injury, you get a 
bullet or shrapnel lodged in the brain, and what happens is your brain 
begins to swell from the injury. And so unless that swelling is dealt 
with very soon after the injury, the subject will die. So what they do 
in the field now is they open up a large section of your skull. They 
remove the skull itself and embed that into your GI territory to keep 
that skull viable so it can be reattached later on. In this situation 
the brain is allowed to swell, and they will have this proceed for 
about a month. During that time they need to put you in a cold 
surrounding. They put a cold jacket on you so you are shivering in your 
bed for about a month. They keep you on medication to keep the swelling 
down. When the swelling eventually goes down, they will reattach the 
skull and let you heal.
  Another problem is when you have this sort of injury, you are very 
susceptible to reinjure that, to swell it after they have removed the 
shrapnel if they can or the bullet. You are very susceptible, so you 
have to be very careful a year or longer after this kind of injury.
  We had a young man from my district, from the town of Manteca. It is 
a small town of about 60,000 people. He was a Navy corpsman and he was 
serving in Iraq and their convoy was attacked. He was servicing marines 
that were injured, and a piece of shrapnel was embedded into his brain. 
It went in through his eye and he lost his eye. He went through the 
treatment, and then they brought him back to Bethesda, Maryland. I 
visited him there a couple of times. This is a very long recovery. The 
young man is doing fine. He is back home now.
  I can tell you the town of Manteca where he grew up and lived and 
went to church really came together for him. They had a dinner when he 
was still in Bethesda. About 300 people came out to the dinner to 
contribute and to show their support for this young man. It was a 
terrific outpouring of community and faith and love. It was a terrific 
thing to be representing this kind of town and this kind of a district 
where people come together in that sort of way for one of their own.
  And then when he did come home, the church that he went to, they had 
a gathering. About a thousand people showed up, and he was there 
receiving accolades and welcome and love from the entire community. I 
can tell you, it is a terrible thing to see. Unfortunately, a lot of 
our young men and women who come back from Iraq don't have that strong 
of a community. We need to make sure that we provide them, through 
treatments and efforts to integrate them back into society, to educate 
them, that they get that sort of opportunity and that they receive the 
kind of reward that they should for the kind of service and sacrifice 
that they have made.
  With that, I yield back to Ms. Wasserman Schultz, and thank you for 
your leadership.
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Mr. McNerney, thank you. It is wonderful we 
have someone of your stature and your commitment, that is willing to 
come to the floor and talk about the importance of making sure that we 
take care of not just the troops but of the troops' family members 
because they are making a decision to serve the public as well. They 
make sacrifices, and we all wanted to come together tonight as House 
Democrats and talk about the sacrifices that those families make.
  It is my distinct pleasure to yield to my colleague from Ohio, 
Congressman Zack Space, whose father served in the Marines during the 
Korean War, and who also serves on the Veterans' Affairs Committee and 
has been a passionate advocate on behalf of issues important to 
veterans and their families.
  Mr. SPACE. I thank the gentlewoman from Florida for taking the lead 
on this initiative.
  In assessing the cost of war, all too often we resort to cold, hard 
numbers. And we return to things like the financial cost of this war, 
how much is it costing this Nation or how many lives have we lost. 
Those are important considerations, obviously; but in assessing the 
cost of this war, I think it is important that we as a body, as an 
institution, point out that there are other costs. For example, the 
loss of international goodwill, the cost of veterans' care is a part of 
the cost of war, and what we are talking about tonight, the strain and 
the effect that the war has had on families.
  As I see it, there are a lot of different ways to measure that. The 
most immediate and obvious is the trauma of deployment. Many families 
in this country today are uneasy as we speak, praying and worrying 
about their loved ones who are in a strange and foreign land subjected 
to hostile conditions.
  The financial strain on these families is enormous. The marital 
strain is significant. The cost to a child who doesn't even know their 
parent, it affects entire families.
  I, too, have a loved one serving now in his second tour of duty in 
Iraq. Zack

[[Page H2942]]

Space is his name as well, my cousin. I had the pleasure of spending 
some time with his folks Sunday in Ohio for Greek Orthodox Easter. We 
gathered as a family very mindful of little Zack's absence, and prayed 
for him. To see the concern and worry in his mother's eyes is moving 
and very visceral.
  A second way of evaluating the cost and strain that this war has had 
on families is to look at the loss that those families have occasioned. 
We have heard some testimony today from some very able folks talking 
about the realities of war and those who are returning from war, the 
suicide rates, homelessness, drug and alcohol addiction, even the 
breakdown of the traditional family unit. They are all affected by the 
rigors of war.
  And many of these attributes are due to post-traumatic disorder or 
traumatic brain injury that my colleagues have talked about today, 
lifelong conditions that will forever plague these families.
  I would like to talk if I could for a moment about a couple of folks 
back home and some others that have had a really profound effect on me 
and my impressions of this war. One of them is Army Corporal Keith 
Nepsa, who at the age of 22 years was killed in June of 2007 from 
wounds sustained when an IED detonated near his vehicle in Iraq. Keith 
was from New Philadelphia, Ohio, in Tuscarawas County, and I know his 
father. I went to his funeral and again saw the look in their eyes as 
they laid their son to rest. They will forever be plagued by this war. 
Their lives will never be the same.
  Another young man from my region, Marine Gunnery Sergeant Joshua Heck 
who was grievously injured on the battlefield last year, and I went to 
visit him in Walter Reed not long after his return to the States, a 
return of a shattered man who had lost limbs, suffering from post-
traumatic stress disorder, and doomed to a life much different than 
that which he took with him to Iraq.
  I had the pleasure of meeting his wife, Brooke, and his mother who 
were at his side at Walter Reed bearing much of this burden. As a side 
note, Joshua, in his hospital bed when I went to visit him, it was at a 
time when we were debating the course of action that this Congress 
should take on the war. I asked him what he thought we should do. 
Having been there, I felt he was qualified to make that assessment and 
I welcomed his input.
  When I asked him that question his response was: Sir, that's not for 
me to say. You tell me to fight, I fight. I'm a soldier. You tell me to 
stop and I stop.
  And despite his broken body, his love for this country remained as 
strong as ever. I found it very moving and touching.
  Under the leadership of Chairman Filner, our Veterans' Affairs 
Committee earlier this year held an Oversight and Investigations 
Subcommittee hearing on the care of the seriously injured after 
inpatient care. And at this hearing we received testimony from Sarah 
Wade, not of my district, but who came to testify on behalf of her 
husband, Sergeant Ted Wade, who had sustained traumatic brain injury.

                              {time}  2200

  And Sarah has been left with a completely different life than that 
which she had before her husband went off to war. He, and she, and 
their family, will forever be plagued by these injuries.
  When young men and women are killed in this war, or come back 
grievously wounded, it's not just the soldier that suffers, it's their 
family. And it's not just the family that suffers, it's their 
community. Their communities grieve.
  I'm blessed with a special district. Ohio's 18 district is one 
wonderful small town after another. The largest city I have in my 
district has about 25,000 people. And there are a lot of great things 
about living in a district like that. We're very community-oriented. 
There's a strong sense of personal responsibility. When good things 
happen to us, we celebrate together. When bad things happen, like the 
loss of a heroic soldier, like Corporal Nepsa, we grieve together as a 
community. Our community continues to grieve for him, as well as the 15 
other young men who went to this war and will never come home.
  This war has spread its tentacles in many different directions within 
our culture. As a Member of Congress, I'm sure I share this sentiment 
with all of those colleagues who are here with me today. We have a 
sacred obligation to make sure that we protect them while at war to the 
extent that we're able. But we also have an obligation to bring them 
home to their families and to their communities as soon as we are able.
  I yield back.
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Thank you so much, Mr. Space and thank you for 
your commitment. You really have been representing your district 
proudly, and I know they're proud of you. And I am honored to serve 
with you. We truly appreciate your being here this evening.
  It's now my pleasure to yield a few minutes to my 30 something 
colleague who is a little bit more familiar with the normal give and 
take that we have in the 30-Something group. This is a little more 
staid and low key for 30-Something, but we're trying to help you all 
keep up with the pace. And feel free, to my colleagues, to jump in. We 
usually have a little bit more dynamic style in the 30-Something 
instead of a one at a time type of approach.
  So my colleague, Congressman Altmire, from the great State of 
Pennsylvania, I have to tell a story before I yield to you. And you've 
heard me tell this before.
  Literally, I'm on the whip team for our caucus, and it was my 
responsibility right after Mr. Altmire's election to sidle over to him 
and talk to him about some legislation that we wanted him to vote with 
the caucus on. And literally, his first words to me were that he had to 
make sure what the impact was on veterans, and that he came here to 
make sure that the quality of life of our Nation's veterans was upheld 
and that that was paramount to him. So I thought that was really 
admirable and wonderful; and you have represented veterans in your 
community incredibly well.
  And I yield to my colleague from Pennsylvania.
  Mr. ALTMIRE. I appreciate the gentlewoman's kind remarks and yielding 
me the time. And I appreciate my colleagues who have been here allowing 
me the opportunity to speak because I do have to take the chair. And I 
want to thank the gentleman from Iowa (Mr. Braley) for his patience 
while he waits for me to step up to the plate.
  I really think it's important for us to consider the work that this 
Congress has done on these issues. And we've spent a lot of time 
tonight talking about the problem; and that's very important. But it's 
important that our colleagues and the American people understand what 
we've done about it. We're not just in a position where we're going to 
talk about what's wrong. And we know the issues.
  There's 700,000 children in America where the head of the household 
has been deployed. 700,000 children that are missing a parent right now 
because they're deployed overseas. 19,000 children have had a parent 
wounded in action. 22,000 have lost a parent in Iraq or Afghanistan.
  And we have 40 percent of active duty servicemen and women that are 
married. So, Mr. Space talked about the effect of the spouse, certainly 
in the tragic extreme, but even when they're deployed and all of the 
circumstances that arise.
  And just today, the American Psychiatric Association released a study 
focused on the mental health effects of deployments on servicemembers 
and their family. And that study, again, by the American Psychiatric 
Association, said that over 30 percent of military family members 
admitted to being very stressed because of the deployment.
  Five years into the war in Iraq, one out of five, 20 percent of those 
family members surveyed, did not realize that they had the ability to 
access mental health care treatment to help them with that stress.
  And I know we've talked tonight, and it's well documented, the 
increase in spousal abuse that takes place upon the return from active 
duty service.
  So what has this Congress done? And there are many examples we can 
give. The largest increase in the 77-year history of VA. We've talked 
many times.
  I wanted to talk about one specific amendment that took place which I 
offered to the Defense Authorization Bill that dealt with family and 
medical

[[Page H2943]]

leave, and extending the current Family and Medical Leave Act to cover 
the family members of military, Guard and Reserve members who were 
deployed, because we obviously need to allow time to work with families 
in those post-deployment briefings that often take place during the 
work day. They can't get time off work when they're gathering with 
their peers from the region to learn what's happening overseas and what 
the updates are for what's available to them. They should be able to 
take that time for family medical leave.
  Household expenses, getting their financial house in order, dealing 
with child care issues, all of these are things that are now covered 
under family medical leave because of the actions of this Congress. 
This has been signed into law.
  Importantly, when the serviceman or woman is injured overseas, you 
can take Family and Medical Leave Act time to care for the injured 
serviceman or woman. That's incredibly important. That's going to 
fundamentally change people's lives, and that's something that this 
Congress did.
  But most to the point of what we're talking about with this study 
from the American Psychiatric Association and other evidence that 
exists, we allow family members to take Family and Medical Leave Act 
time to re-assimilate, as a family, after the serviceman or woman 
returns from their deployment so they can get to know each other again, 
spend time with their spouse, spend time with their kids. That is 
incredibly important. That is a huge achievement of this Congress, and 
that's something that I'm very proud of, that this Congress has done. 
That's been signed into law, and it is going to have a major impact on 
the lives of our brave servicemen and women who are fighting for this 
country.
  So I just wanted to tell that story before I took the chair. And 
again, I would thank Mr. Braley, and I would yield back to the 
gentlewoman from Florida.
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Thank you, Mr. Altmire. And thank you for 
really making America's military, veterans as well as the troops 
currently serving, a high priority for yourself and your agenda and the 
issues that you champion on behalf of the people in the district that 
you represent in Pennsylvania.
  I want to turn now to another Pennsylvanian who served in the United 
States Navy for 31 years and rose to the rank of three star Admiral. 
His battle group conducted combat operations in Afghanistan and 
precursor operations to the war in Iraq, and he is one of our caucus' 
foremost experts on the issues that are important to military families 
and that are important to us as we try to wrestle with this very 
difficult issue of how we're going to extricate ourselves from this war 
in Iraq. And our caucus has tremendous respect for your service. And 
it's my pleasure to yield to Congressman Joe Sestak.
  Mr. SESTAK. Thank you very much. I may be the one slowing us down 
tonight because I'm 50-something in a 30-something group.
  This is wonderful. If I might speak, I'm really honored to be asked 
to say a few words on the last day of the Month of the Military Child.
  In the Pentagon, across from the Secretary of Defense's office is the 
best painting in all of the Pentagon. It's of a young servicemember 
kneeling in church. And next to him is his young spouse and his young 
child. And under it is that wonderful saying from the book of Isaiah 
where God turns to Isaiah and says, Who shall I send? Who will go for 
us? And Isaiah replies, here am I. Send me.
  But really, what that picture depicts is the family that actually is 
saying, here we are, send us.
  I got to know, joining up in 1970 and on, a lot of those families. We 
don't have, in the military, a human resource department where you 
outsource problems or challenges. So you sit with them when they're in 
debt and help to balance their checkbook, or you sit there with them 
trying to make sure that they get the proper care in the hospital. You 
get to know the families very well.
  And you get to know them in another way during long deployments. Back 
then, in those early 1970 days, you'd sit there as a young man came up 
after leaving port and receiving a letter, or getting a letter at sea 
from another ship as it passes from ship to ship, from his wife that 
says, Johnny's okay after the operation. But he didn't know about the 
operation. Maybe in the next port of call, 30 days later, the letter 
would come in that said, want you to know Johnny had a broken leg. It's 
okay. He'll have an operation next week.
  Or go ahead 3\1/2\ decades or so, and how I could sit there and, with 
technology, record over the Internet and read each evening to my 
daughter, who was, during this, while gone from her for about a year, 
during the war and would be able to read to her a book so that she'd go 
up to the TV and just kiss it. Even today, 7 years later she goes up to 
the TV if I'm on and kisses it.
  I bring those up because I think what people in the military learn is 
that when authority or responsibility passes, and you come home, that 
what's really left is the infinite tenderness and caring of a loving 
family.
  And yet, we also recognize in the military, in words that were more 
reflective of its time, three, 3\1/2\ decades ago, that on the 
commissary bag, shopping bags of each of the military or the Navy 
complexes would be a saying, ``Navy wife, toughest job in the Navy.''
  Or as 70 years ago, the wife of a Chief of Naval Operations said in a 
poem, a Navy wife remembers. When crying seems likely, just laugh it 
away.
  I bring those up because what sets our military apart from our 
professions, as someone once said, is it has the dignity of danger. And 
the character that our men and women who serve in the military show and 
triumph which didn't begin in theories. It really begins in those 
places from whence we come and the people who made us who we are, not 
just our communities, but in particular our families.
  And I bring that up because today as was brought out here, is every 
war is different. World War II, our veterans, on average, had about 182 
days of combat. Horrific combat. Battles like Normandy or Guadalcanal. 
But there was some dwell time in between those battles, time for your 
physical nerves to adjust, which has a major impact upon your mental 
state, and time for your mental state to readjust.
  In Iraq, however, our soldiers go outside the wire every day for 15 
months, into a combat-like situation, and then they come home for 12 
and go back again. And then come back to families where 19 percent of 
them face Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 33 percent have a mental 
challenge from depression to anxiety.
  So as our families say, here we are, send us, it's never been more 
vital than now to recognize that if this Nation still wants its 
families to say here we are, send us, we, more than ever before, I 
believe, owe it to our veterans to take care of them and their families 
in the ways that have been laid out much better than I could have by my 
colleagues. So thank you for speaking tonight.
  It's a wonderful brotherhood and sisterhood I lived in for many years 
that finds the grandest sepulchre of all, a home in the hearts of brave 
men and women. But again, when all that passes out there, what's left 
is that family. And whatever we can do for them, from now and forever, 
is the most arduous responsibility I believe Congress, in this time of 
war can be charged with.
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Thank you so much, Mr. Sestak, for your 31 
years of military service and now your continued public service to our 
country and to the citizens of Pennsylvania and your district. We 
really truly appreciate your expertise and the heart that you put into 
this job in representing your community. So thank you so much for 
joining us.

                              {time}  2215

  It's my pleasure to turn to someone who I admire and respect and look 
up to. She is one of the few women that are in a leadership role in our 
Congress on the Armed Services Committee, and she is really a person 
who has broken through on the issues that are important to the military 
and the military families and provided a different perspective, as 
women often do.
  And this was such a tremendous source of pride for me, Ms. Davis, 
that you chair the Subcommittee on Military Personnel, which is an 
incredibly important assignment of the House Armed Services Committee; 
and you represent the community of San Diego so admirably in this 
institution, and

[[Page H2944]]

you have been a champion on behalf of veterans and military families.
  It is my pleasure to yield to you. Thank you so much for joining us.
  Mrs. DAVIS of California. Thank you, Ms. Wasserman Schultz.
  Mr. Speaker, I really am delighted to join my colleagues here and to 
hear the warm stories that they've told and how critical, how important 
the issue that we're speaking about this evening is because, you know, 
what is it about? It's really about our national security, and it is 
about the willingness of men and women to serve.
  I found a quote from our first Commander in Chief, President 
Washington, and I think it's appropriate to what we've been talking 
about here today because he said that ``The willingness with which our 
young people are likely to serve in any war, no matter how justified, 
shall be directly proportional to how they perceive veterans of early 
wars were treated and appreciated by our nation.''
  And I would add to what President Washington said that the 
willingness with which our families are likely to serve in any war, no 
matter how justified, shall be directly proportional to how they 
perceive families of early wars were treated and appreciated by our 
Nation.
  When I first came to Congress and I found this fabulous opportunity 
to serve on the Armed Services Committee, we were not at war. And I met 
with many of our families and our ombudspeople in the Navy and began to 
understand what they go through. And I remember so strongly that one of 
the spouses, one of the ombudsmen said to me, You know, people think of 
our husbands who deploy on ships, obviously, in the Navy. But, you 
know, all of us prepare and deploy, that families prepare for this. She 
was talking about a time when we are not at war.
  So we can imagine how difficult it is for families who are preparing 
for that deployment, preparing for the kind of uncertainties that they 
know will be around the corner. And that's so difficult.
  You have the picture of the family here and the children, and I look 
at the faces of the children; and I see such resilience in their eyes, 
and children are tremendously resilient. But the reality is that our 
children who go to school, and most of our children go to regular 
schools; they don't go to schools where there are only military 
families, and on some of our bases that's true, but I have learned on 
many of our bases that most of the families are in public schools out 
in the community.
  Many of those children come to school with great fears of what is 
going to happen that day. They don't know if Mommy and Daddy are even 
going to come home, those who are a little more sophisticated about 
what they are going through. So we have to be very, very careful, be 
very, very supportive of those families.
  We can even think about our own struggles at home, our own struggles 
with financial issues and just the general stuff that any couples go 
through and then magnify that for our families. Many of our families 
are very young, and we especially need to be supportive of them.
  We've covered a lot of ground here this evening, so I don't want to 
have to go over some of that ground. But if we're going to deploy our 
men and women at the current pace that we're doing today, we really 
have to understand the consequences of our policy decisions and 
sufficiently address how they affect the brave men and women who are 
serving.
  And there is one area that I think the public is learning more about 
now. And the other day, I had a few hours, and I decided that I didn't 
have anybody to go with at the time but I wanted to just go see the 
movie Stop-Loss. And I wanted to just sit in that theater by myself and 
feel the full impact of that movie because there is a policy involved 
there that we have undertaken. And I think when you go and you see the 
movie, and I would certainly encourage people to do that to understand 
the pain that our families go through, how unpredictable it is and how 
difficult it is.
  We have been looking at this policy, of course, and we would like to 
stop it. But we know that in fact we need the men and women serving 
today. So as much as we want to stop that, we're not able to do that 
right away. Stop-loss, as we know, allows the military to extend a 
servicemember's time in uniform, and it has been used far too often, 
and there have been some attempts to change that. We also know, very 
significantly, predictability is so important to our men and women who 
serve, and the repeated deployments make that very, very difficult.
  So I think we need to focus, and we are, on the dwell-time that 
families have. They need to readjust. I have had spouses tell me that 
now that they've been through so many deployments, they're beginning to 
teach other families about how to give their loved ones space because 
when you come home, the family wants to just be right there. Well, 
sometimes that doesn't work so well, and people need to learn that.
  So I think that with many of the policies that we're working on 
today, and yes, we are learning more; we're learning more about PTSD, 
we're learning about how we can erase the stigma, and I think the 
military can actually lead the way for the country in that if we do it 
right.
  So I just want to commend you for having this time today and let you 
know that we are working hard on this. I wish we could work a lot 
faster on these issues. But we are trying very hard and keeping in mind 
every day our wonderful men and women who are serving and their 
families. They are the ones who are sacrificing today, and we need to 
give them every support that we can.
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Thank you, Ms. Davis.
  Mr. Speaker, I sense that our time is drawing to a close.
  The whole point of doing this 30-Something hour focused on the impact 
of deployments on military families was to try to improve the quality 
of their life and decrease the impact, the negative impact.
  I just want to show you an important statistic here is that less than 
50 percent of military families felt that they had support available 
through all of the phases of their family members' deployment, and that 
is absolutely unconscionable. It is something that Chairman Filner and 
the members of the Armed Services Committee, as well as the Veterans' 
Affairs Committee, have been working very hard at trying to improve, 
and that is what the Democratic Caucus, under Speaker Pelosi's 
leadership, has been absolutely committed to.
  Mr. Speaker, I want to yield 30 seconds to Mr. Space, and then we 
will wrap up.
  Mr. SPACE. I, once again, thank the gentlewoman from Florida.

  Mr. Speaker, when we ask troops to go to war, we have a couple of 
obligations: We have to make sure that we only send them to war when we 
have to, that we give them the protection on the battlefield to keep 
them safe and allow them to accomplish their mission, care for them 
when they return, especially if they're wounded; but certainly, as our 
colleague from Pennsylvania, Admiral Sestak, attested to, abide by 
their familial concerns.
  It is absolutely unacceptable that 50 percent of all family members 
of those who are deployed feel that they're not receiving the support 
they deserve. I thank the gentlewoman for bringing attention to it and 
beginning to address that problem.
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Mr. Speaker, to bring us home, Mr. McNerney.
  Mr. McNERNEY. Thank you, Ms. Wasserman Schultz.
  Mr. Speaker, we've heard a lot of different aspects of the stress of 
this war on our soldiers, from the families and the children, to the 
men and women serving.
  One thing we haven't talked about is financial stress, and we know 
that veterans, especially guardsmen and women and reservists when they 
go overseas, they're particularly vulnerable to foreclosure; and just 
today in the Veteran's Affairs Committee, we did pass a significant 
Veterans Housing Authority bill that will be available to those young 
men and women coming up in the next month or two.
  So we're working at all parts of this problem and finding ways to 
help the veterans through the crises that they're going to be facing 
upon return, and we welcome them back. This country loves our veterans, 
and we want to do everything we can for them
  Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. Mr. Speaker, with that, in honor of the Month 
of the Military Child, we thank

[[Page H2945]]

Speaker Pelosi for her generous donation of this time to the 30-
Something Working Group.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.

                          ____________________