[Congressional Record Volume 153, Number 173 (Thursday, November 8, 2007)]
[Senate]
[Pages S14139-S14147]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2008--CONFERENCE REPORT
Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate now
proceed to the conference report on H.R. 3222, the Defense
appropriations conference report. I would note that this matter will be
managed by Senators Inouye and Stevens.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. The
report will be stated by title.
The assistant legislative clerk read as follows:
The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the
two Houses on the amendment of the Senate to the bill (H.R.
3222) making appropriations for the Department of Defense for
fiscal year ending September 30, 2008, and for other
purposes, having met, have agreed that the House recede from
its disagreement to the amendment of the Senate and agree to
the same with an amendment, and the Senate agree to the same,
signed by a majority of the conferees on the part of both
Houses.
(The conference report is printed in the House proceedings of the
Record of today, November 8, 2007.)
Mr. REID. Mr. President, Senator Inouye was called away for a meeting
with another Senator. Therefore, it is my understanding the
distinguished Senator from Alabama wishes to speak. Does he have any
idea how long he is going to talk?
Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. President, I believe 15 minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Alabama.
Farm Bill
Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. President, I just have a comment to add to those of
Senator Bond about the danger to farmers of making mistakes on energy
policy. Energy prices are rising significantly. I saw some numbers
recently that indicated for an average family, where one person
commuted 29 miles to work every day, $3-a-gallon gasoline could mean
$60 to $80 a month more than they would pay for gasoline alone. That is
after-tax money out of their pockets. That is a real cost.
We absolutely need to strengthen the energy portion of this bill. We
need to do more to have a domestic supply of energy. But we also need
to be sure we are not driving up the cost of energy so it falls hard on
people such as farmers who utilize a lot of energy and a lot of
gasoline and diesel fuel. It could be a real problem for them. I agree
with Senator Bond that we need to be careful about this because we
should not have as our goal driving up the cost of energy.
A lot of the policies I am hearing about are going to have little
impact on the environment but a lot of impact on our wallets. My
thoughts about the Ag bill are that I hope we will be able to pass a
bill we can be proud of. I hope to be able to support it. That is what
I am looking to do. I will offer an amendment or file it a little
later--I know we are not voting on them now--to deal with assisting
farmers who suffer losses from disasters in their region. It can be
painful for them. I would like to share some thoughts on this.
Our current crop insurance, as valuable as it is, has not proven to
provide a fully adequate financial safety net for our farmers. The
current system can be too expensive and not flexible enough. Farmers
come to me all the time and say: I would like to plow under this crop
and replant now, but the insurance people think if I let it go to full
maturity, I might make enough money off of it that I wouldn't have to
claim any insurance. So you have to wait on the insurance people before
making a decision. They come out there. They have to make judgments.
This is a burden. It can eliminate quick decisionmaking and can be
costly.
According to the Congressional Research Service, the Government-
subsidized Crop Insurance Program has expanded significantly over the
last 25 years, and that is what we wanted to happen. We wanted more
farmers to take out crop insurance. But yet CRS has found that despite
this expansion, the ``anticipated goal of crop insurance replacing
disaster payments has not been achieved.'' Indeed, CRS reports that
since 2000, ``the federal subsidy to the Crop Insurance Program has
averaged about $3.25 billion per year, up from an annual average of
$1.1 billion in the 1990s and about $500 million in the 1980s.
During this same time, from 1999 to 2006, CRS reports that the
average per year ad hoc periodic disaster payment to fund persons who
need payments in addition to the crop insurance has totaled $1.3
billion a year. Since 2002, CRS reports that the cost to the Federal
Government of Crop Insurance Programs combined with ad hoc supplemental
disaster payments has averaged $4.5 billion per year.
According to the Risk Management Agency, a group that supervises crop
insurance, the average subsidy rate for this year--that is the average
subsidy rate, the amount of money the taxpayers provide to subsidize a
farmer's crop insurance--amounted to 58 percent of a producer's total
crop insurance premium. The average amount of the Government subsidy is
$3,359. I am convinced for some farmers--I don't know how many--more
flexibility could result in more benefits for those farmers. That is,
of course, what we are about, trying to make sure we get the maximum
possible disaster risk protection we can for our farmers.
Farmers do have a real need for a viable risk management strategy.
Certainly, farmers need some form of protection when disasters strike.
But these numbers do demonstrate the traditional crop insurance
coverage on a
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commodity-by-commodity basis alone often does not provide the kind of
adequate risk protection every farmer needs.
In 1999, a committee formed by the Alabama Farmers Federation, our
largest farm group affiliated with the Farm Bureau and tasked with
developing ways to improve traditional crop insurance, proposed a
solution to many of the problems farmers experienced with crop
insurance. This is not an idea I came up with; it was an idea the
farmers themselves came up with.
Ricky Wiggins from South Alabama has farmed all his life and was one
of the people who really captured this idea and has pushed it. So this
committee recommended that the farmers be given a choice between
traditional crop insurance and opening a new account in which they
could deposit some of their own money and then receive a modest
contribution from the Government. Money that would normally have gone
to subsidize insurance would go into this farm security account.
My amendment would simply direct that the Secretary of Agriculture
implement a pilot program creating these accounts. My pilot program
would be limited to 1 percent of eligible farmers or approximately
20,000.
These farm savings accounts would allow the farmers to create a
whole-farm risk management plan based on the income of the entire farm.
Because you have a lot of complications now. If one crop succeeds, and
another one fails, or two of them are weak and two of them are the kind
of crops for which there is no insurance available at all, then things
do not work out fairly for the farmer. Farm savings accounts would
serve as a possible alternative or supplement in these instances to
traditional crop insurance.
Under this proposal, participating producers would deposit money,
previously utilized to buy crop insurance--money they would normally be
paying to a crop insurance company--into a farm savings account, a tax-
deferred, interest-bearing account. The Department of Agriculture would
then contribute to the account rather than subsidizing a portion of the
producer's crop insurance premium, which is, on average, 58 percent.
The producer would put the government contribution into the same
account, subsidizing the account in that fashion. Then there would be
no further liability on the Department of Agriculture after this point.
The farmer, the producer would be self-insured and would not be calling
on the Government for additional disaster relief.
Under farm savings accounts, a minimum contribution by the producer
of at least 2 percent of their 3-year average gross income would be
required annually, up to a maximum amount of 150 percent. Interest and
income to the account would not be taxed as earned income, but
withdrawals would be treated as regular income. Account funds would be
invested in low-risk guaranteed securities such as CDs or Government
securities.
Withdrawals from farm savings accounts would be allowed if gross
income in any given year falls below 80 percent of the farmer's 3-year
average gross income. The amount of the withdrawal would be restricted
to the difference between 80 percent of the 3-year average and the
actual gross income of that year.
For example, if a producer, who typically earns $100,000 a year,
makes $70,000, then they would be allowed to withdraw $10,000 from
their farm savings account, their emergency insurance account, to bring
their annual income up to $80,000. However, if the producer made
$90,000 that year, a withdrawal would not be allowed at all.
Catastrophic coverage would still be required to participate in this
pilot program, because if you have a total loss, then an individual
savings account would not be enough to cover it.
The producer would be eligible to purchase any additional crop
insurance, but it would be completely unsubsidized. In addition, farm
savings accounts could be used as collateral in obtaining loans
connected with the farming operation. These accounts would be closed if
the producer ceased farming for nonfarm employment, retirement or
bankruptcy. The remaining balance would be taxed as regular income.
The USDA has reported that farm savings accounts may overcome some of
the disadvantages of current crop insurance programs. These accounts
would encourage farmers to manage risks unique to their operation by
saving money in high-income years and using it during years in which
income is low.
While coverage would depend on the reserves in individual accounts,
these accounts would be applied to a variety of farming situations. In
addition, the USDA has found these accounts could encourage greater
participation in the agriculture safety net by farmers than is
currently experienced. Some producers are not even offered the
opportunity to purchase insurance for their crops--because of the
nature of their crops and the nature of crop insurance, they cannot get
insurance--making them more dependent on the ad hoc disaster payments
we wrestle with on the floor of the Senate.
For example, CRS reports that specialty crop and livestock producers
are not afforded the same level of protection for their commodities as
the major commodities.
Recently, my amendment has been mischaracterized as undermining the
level of risk protection provided for farmers. Yet simply taking
Government funding previously used as a subsidy for insurance premiums
and, instead, using it as an incentive to encourage savings for
disasters is not undermining the level of risk protection for the
farmers. This is an important distinction. Giving farmers a choice
between traditional crop insurance and a new program based on producers
saving their own money in a tax-deferred, interest-bearing account
actually increases, I submit, the level of risk protection for farmers,
particularly since we would require catastrophic coverage to
participate in the Farm Savings Account pilot program.
Allowing for more approaches to risk management actually gives
farmers the opportunity to choose the plan they consider to be better
suited for their particular operation. By providing a choice between
different risk management strategies, our Government can offer more
protection to a greater number of farmers at less of a cost by
decreasing the need for these ad hoc disaster payments we so often do.
Purchasing crop insurance coverage commodity by commodity, as we do
now, may make sense if you grow one or two crops on your farm, but
traditional crop insurance may not be the best option if you grow four,
five or six commodities in your area of the country.
Instead of countless premium payments that are paid by producers each
year but not necessarily used, the participating producer can save that
hard-earned money himself and receive a modest Government contribution
to assist in providing his own risk protection.
Farm savings accounts can also provide producers much needed
flexibility in managing their operation by overcoming some of the
constraints of traditional crop insurance. Under the current system,
producers who want to make decisions on how to manage their farm
operation when a disaster strikes are often forced to jump through
numerous bureaucratic hoops before they are allowed to execute their
own decision on their own farm about how they want to manage the crops
that are being damaged by a disaster--a drought or flood or freeze.
For example, under the current system, producers who want to cut
their corn for silage to feed their cattle in a drought year--because
they realize the corn crop is not going to be sufficient to actually
harvest in the fall--must first get permission from the crop insurance
companies and the Federal Government. So you have to have people come
out and inspect the farm and argue over whether you should be able to
cut the corn prematurely or let it stay in the field in the hope that
there will be more rain and maybe a worthwhile crop at the end.
Why not give that decisionmaking authority to the farmer? It would
save a lot of overhead, I submit. And there is, as we know, some
sizable amount of fraud in the crop insurance program. Farm Savings
Accounts would greatly eliminate the risk of fraudulent behavior by
those participating in the pilot program.
Farm Savings Accounts will allow the producers to make their own
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choices on how to manage their farm operations. If their income drops,
they will be able to draw into that account to bring it up to 80
percent of their 3-year average income. I think it has great potential.
Simply put, this plan would offer an alternative to some producers
who might choose it, and it could encourage broader participation in
risk management plans than we have today because a lot of farmers do
not participate in any insurance or risk management plans. In
combination with traditional crop insurance, farm savings accounts, I
believe, will save the taxpayers money by reducing the need for
continual bailouts in the form of ad hoc payments and will give farmers
more flexibility. If things go well, the farmer may, indeed, create a
savings account that can help take care of them in their retirement
years.
I ask my colleagues to consider this pilot project amendment. It in
no way represents a major shift in what we are doing now. It represents
a pilot project for 1 percent of farmers. The regulations would be set
forth by the Department of Agriculture. At the conclusion of the
program several years from now, perhaps we will see it was not a very
good program. But perhaps we will find it has great potential--and the
farmers who are using it like it--and perhaps more farmers might like
to participate. We should consider that in the years to come.
I thank the Presiding Officer and yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from West Virginia.
Veterans Day
Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, this Sunday, November 11, will be Veterans
Day. On this Sunday, our Nation will honor all veterans of all wars. It
will be a day, this Sunday, to thank every man and every woman who
wears or who has ever worn the uniform of one of the U.S. Armed Forces.
It will be a day to remember and to honor the dedication, the
professionalism, and the courage of every individual who has been
prepared to defend our people, our Nation, and our Constitution by
taking up arms against our enemies.
On the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month, 89 years ago, in
the dark year of war that was 1918, the armistice began. Tired troops
laid down their weapons against muddy trench walls, weary gunners
lowered their sights, the thundering cannons fell silent, and the
fragile calm of peace was broken only by the crisis of celebration and
the prayers of Thanksgiving. The United States had taken part in the
largest war that history had ever witnessed, and it was finally over.
The carnage of World War I was of a scope and scale that shattered
the soul. Battles took place across the globe and on the seas. It was
the first war to take to the skies, the first war to see chemical
weapons used on a large scale, the first war to see tanks and other
heavy armored weapons employed. Pandemics of influenza had swept the
globe on the winds of war, extending the suffering to new areas and
into civilian arenas, taking my mother to her grave.
World War I caused the disintegration of four vast empires: the
Austro-Hungarian Empire, the German Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the
Russian Empire. In just over 4 short years, more than 20 million people
were killed and more than 20 million people were casualties of that
war. It was truly the cataclysmic end of the existing world order. But
November 11, then called Armistice Day, became forever a day to be
grateful for peace, thankful for democracy, and thankful for the men
and the women who had done so much to preserve both.
People called World War I the Great War. They called it the War to
End All Wars. Many people believed that no war could have been worse.
But, alas, World War I was neither the greatest war in terms of size
and complexity, nor was it the war to end all wars. Since World War I,
the United States has taken part in World War II, the Korean war, the
Vietnam conflict, the first Persian Gulf conflict, and now the second
Persian Gulf conflict in Iraq and Afghanistan. U.S. troops have also
come under fire in Bosnia, Kosovo, and Somalia. Millions more American
men and women in uniform have joined with their battle-hardened
brethren from World War I to share in the honored title of ``veteran.''
In 1947, the November 11 Armistice Day celebrations were renamed
``Veterans Day'' to honor all veterans of all wars.
This Veterans Day, with the Nation's men and women in uniform again
in harm's way, the Nation will again mark with a moment of silence the
11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month. In that silence, during
that peaceful moment, we shall send our love, our prayers, and our
thoughts to the men and the women who will know no peace in the dust
and heat of battle. We will send wishes of strength, of courage, and of
luck. We will send our love, we will send our prayers, and we will send
our thoughts to their families as well, and we will wish for them the
strength to endure the long separation and the strain of worrying about
their soldier. In that peaceful moment, we shall give thanks to all who
serve and all who have served.
Mr. President, I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Hawaii is recognized.
Mr. INOUYE. Mr. President, as a veteran of World War II, I know I
speak for other veterans in thanking my colleague, the senior Senator
from West Virginia, for his most profound remarks, and I thank him for
his words.
I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. INOUYE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. INOUYE. Mr. President, I rise today to discuss the conference
report on H.R. 3222, an act making appropriations for the Department of
Defense for fiscal year 2008. The conference report approves funding of
$459.3 billion in new discretionary budget authority which is equal to
the subcommittee's 302b allocation. This amount is $3.5 billion less
than the funding requested by the administration, not including
supplemental spending for the cost of war. And, it is the same level as
recommended by the House. The conference recommendations represent a
good faith compromise between the House and the Senate.
I say to my colleagues this is a good bill, one that is critical for
our Nation's defense. The bill fully funds a 3.5 percent military pay
raise, a half percent more than requested. It recommends adding $918
million for the Defense Health Program to ensure that the health of our
military families is protected. This includes $379 million more than
requested to support our military hospitals which suffer from
significant shortfalls and are stressed by our wounded heroes returning
from war.
The conference report includes $980 million to purchase equipment for
our National Guard and Reserves recognizing the serious shortfalls that
exist in our reserve components. It provides robust funding for the
Army's highest priority, the Future Combat System. It supports the
purchase of 20 F-22s and 12 joint strike fighters as requested.
The bill includes $588 million to support a multiyear purchase of the
Virginia Class submarine, and provides advance procurement for four
more ships than requested by the administration.
On the subject of earmarks, this measure includes nearly $3.4 billion
less for earmarks than provided in fiscal year 2006. While many of the
items that we call earmarks may not meet the strict definition under
the new rules, we have included them in a list in the back of the
Statement of the Managers along with the names of the Members of the
Congress who requested them in the interest of providing greater
transparency.
Today is November 8. Our Defense Department is operating on scaled
back funding under a short-term continuing resolution. Each day that
the Defense Department operates under a CR adds to cost and
inefficiency. It is critical that we expedite the consideration of this
measure to allow for better financial management, and more importantly,
to ensure that our men and women in uniform and their families have the
funding they need for their pay, their hospitals, their housing, and
their schools. We can best show our support to the military by
completing action on this bill as quickly as possible and sending it to
the President. Our men and women in uniform deserve no less.
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The PRESIDING OFFICER. The majority leader is recognized.
Mr. REID. Mr. President, the distinguished Senator from Hawaii has
managed this bill for many years. He has done an outstanding job. It is
an honor and a pleasure to work with the Senator from Hawaii. It
doesn't hurt once in a while to remind each of us what a great man he
is. I am sure I will embarrass him, and I do this rarely, but for those
of us who have the opportunity to serve in the Senate, one of the
highlights in all our lives is having the ability to tell our children
and our families that we served with Dan Inouye. Here is a man who is a
Medal of Honor winner for gallantry during World War II.
This week, the President of France bestowed the highest civilian
honor they can bestow on any non-Frenchman--and that is the Legion of
Honor--to Senator Inouye. So not only is he a great manager of this
piece of legislation before the Senate now, he is a great American.
That is an understatement.
I hope we can do this bill as quickly as possible, and 6 o'clock is
coming soon. This piece of legislation has attached to it the
continuing resolution, as was done last year when we were not in charge
but the Republicans were in charge. That is not saying the Republicans
did anything wrong. We have a situation where we have to fund the
Government, and funding runs out next Friday, a week from tomorrow. So
this would fund the Government until the middle of next month. Attached
to the continuing resolution--we want all the transparency we can have
and should have. A number of items are extremely important. FEMA has
run out of money all over the country because all these emergencies
have occurred. There is money for wildfires, and it is pretty clear
what that is about. There is $1.9 billion in the bill for veterans.
This is what the President requested. It is not as much as we wanted.
He requested that. We put his money in the continuing resolution. There
is $3 billion that was requested by the Senators from Louisiana, which
is something that is an emergency. The people of Louisiana have
suffered a great deal, as have other States in the gulf. This allows
people to come back to their homes. If this money is not obtained by
the first of the year, then all applications will have to be stopped.
So it is important to do this. I hope we can complete this as quickly
as possible.
I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. REID. Mr. President, the Senator from Minnesota wishes to speak
for 10 minutes as in morning business. I ask unanimous consent that he
be allowed to do that and, when he completes his statement, that I be
recognized.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
The Senator from Minnesota is recognized.
(The remarks of Mr. Coleman pertaining to the submission of S. Res.
371 are located in today's Record under ``Submissions of Concurrent and
Senate Resolutions.'')
Mr. COLEMAN. I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The majority leader.
Mr. REID. Mr. President, one point I failed to mention in talking
about this bill which has been brought to the floor in the form of a
conference report is the House of Representatives acted on this
conference earlier today. The vote in the House of Representatives was
400 to 15--400 to 15--and here we are in the Senate playing around with
this bill today, a bill that gives $470 billion to our fighting men and
women around the country for the next year, and it funds our Government
until the middle of December, and we are having some kind of a
procedural meltdown in the Senate.
Does this mean the House of Representatives, with their overwhelming
vote of 400 to 15, didn't know what they were doing? The House is
evenly divided, just as we are, with Democrats and Republicans. The
difference is fairly minimal. But Democrats and Republicans, by an
overwhelming margin, voted for this conference report. Why? Because it
is the right thing to do.
If we don't adopt this conference report today, here are the
procedures, everybody. Listen to what we face. We don't have to take it
up. We can just drop it. We don't have to have a vote on it today. The
word is out that there are individuals who want to take the CR out of
this conference report. So they do that, and we decide to move forward
on the legislation. Then what would happen is we could pass the
conference report, as amended, take the CR out of it. It will go back
to the House of Representatives. The House of Representatives could sit
on it for the next 6 months or they could pass it during their session
tomorrow.
Why do we need to do that? We have to fund the Government. We are not
going to shut down the Government. There may only be 51 one of us, but
we will always vote to keep the Government open. The Republicans tried
shutting down the Government 10, 12 years ago, and it didn't work. We
are not going to do that. We just thought it was appropriate--and I
don't know who could object. The Democrats didn't do it in the House of
Representatives; the Democrats and Republicans in the House of
Representatives decided FEMA, the Federal Emergency Management Agency
needed money. Why do they need money? There have been emergencies all
over the country, and they don't have the money to take care of what is
needed. They are out of money.
Have we had wildfires? We have had wildfires. They swept the West.
Maybe they were on television a lot, as they were when the wildfires
swept southern California, but they have been burning for months, and
we are out of money. The Federal Government has obligations. The
President has declared a number of emergencies because of these fires.
That takes taxpayers' money. So we put that in the bill.
The House also decided in their wisdom, which I support, to take
money from what the President asked for veterans--$1.9 billion--and put
it on the CR so he could get that money as early as tomorrow. And we
put, as I have already indicated, $3 billion in for Katrina, which is
humanitarian money. It is absolutely necessary. It is for people's
homes.
The House passed this outrageous legislation--I guess that is what
people think. We have had this bill since about 2:30 this afternoon. It
is now approaching 6 o'clock, and people are trying to decide what they
want to do with it when it passed the House of Representatives 400 to
15. I am really at a loss as to what the problem is.
We have done nothing on the farm bill, not because we don't want to
do something on the farm bill but because we have treated the farm bill
the way every farm bill has been treated for the last three decades.
We say we want to vote on the Dorgan-Grassley amendment. No, you
can't do that. We are willing to set that aside and do the amendment we
know has to be done; that is, the substitute by Senators Lautenberg and
Lugar. No, you can't do that. We say: Why don't you give us a list of
amendments you might be interested in doing? No, we can't do that.
It appears to me the minority doesn't want a farm bill. Maybe they
want to wait until the new year and extend the present farm bill. I
personally think the farm bill is something we should do. It has a lot
of very good provisions in it, not as far as some people wanted, not as
far as I wanted, but it is a good bill, and we should pass it.
I simply was told by my counterparts: We don't like the bill; you are
wasting your time; forget about it. Now we hear all these words: We
don't like the way you are handling the procedure. Why? Because it
isn't right the way you do it, even though it has been done this way
for many years.
Mr. President, 400 to 15, and we are spending hours and hours trying
to decide what to do. In the meantime, there is other work of the
Senate not being done. I can sit in a quorum just as everyone else and
waste everyone's time, but I think we should get about the business of
this country. It shouldn't be that hard to decide what they want to do.
Do they want to override what the House did by a vote of 400 to 15--
``they'' being the Republicans in the Senate. If they want to raise a
point of order to take something out of the bill and sustained by the
Parliamentarian, we can vote on that. We
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can waive it with 60 votes. I just think we should have a decision made
by our friends on the other side of the aisle.
I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, every day that the Defense appropriations
conference report is delayed, it delays a $40 billion increase for the
Department of Defense, delays $11.6 billion for mine-resistant vehicles
for our troops in Iraq and a $2.9 billion increase for our veterans.
The Defense appropriations conference report passed the House of
Representatives 400 to 15. I urge all Senators to support the
conference report and send the measure to the President of the United
States today.
Mr. President, I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Illinois.
Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask that my colleagues take note of the
fact that the Defense appropriations legislation which is before us is
critically important for our Nation and for close to 200,000 American
servicemembers fighting wars in two foreign countries.
This bill includes salaries for our soldiers, a well-deserved pay
raise for them. I am sure that is one of the reasons it received such
an overwhelming vote in the House of Representatives. Mr. President,
400 Members came forward to vote for this bill. It is an indication of
bipartisan support for our soldiers, our men and women in uniform.
It includes money for training, for aircraft, ships, ammunition,
humvees, and, yes, for a new generation of vehicles that will save the
lives of many of our soldiers. These so-called MRAPs are much more
heavily armed and safer vehicles. There is no reason to delay. The
Senator from West Virginia made the point that there is $11 billion in
this bill to start sending those vehicles to our troops so they will be
safe and come home safe.
Our men and women in uniform across the world need this bill to pass.
They do their duty without any hesitation. Can we do anything less?
There is a fundamental disagreement in this country about the war in
Iraq, whether our troops should continue there, as the President would
have, or whether we should start bringing them home. We have had many
debates on that issue in this Chamber during the last year; there will
be many more. But today this bill should not be a casualty of that
disagreement in the Senate. This bill is about providing the vital
resources our military needs to keep our country strong and safe.
Let me tell you, there is a part of this bill I had at least a small
part in crafting, and I am very proud of it. It is called the Wounded
Warriors Act. There were so many involved in it. I don't claim that it
was my own exclusively, but each of us tried to put a provision in that
would help our warriors coming home from battle be treated better and
recover from their wounds more quickly.
This bill includes $70 million to fund the Wounded Warrior initiative
that was included in the Defense authorization bill. That is
legislation on which I worked. Having visited veterans hospitals and
talked with so many disabled vets, I realized that money was
desperately needed to improve treatment for traumatic brain injury and
post-traumatic stress disorder and actively support our troops in
transition between Active Duty and Veterans' Administration care.
This bill also has $980 million for equipment for the National Guard.
In my hometown of Springfield, IL, is Camp Abraham Lincoln. If you go
out to Camp Lincoln, there is a big parking lot. It is empty. It used
to be filled with vehicles until 80 percent of the National Guard units
in Illinois were deployed. They took that equipment overseas to fight
the war. It was destroyed, run down, not worth returning. It has never
been replaced. Our National Guard units in Illinois have about a third
of the equipment they need. God forbid a crisis in our State or
something that requires mobilization; they will be hard pressed because
the equipment is not there.
This bill has $980 million for equipment for the National Guard. Most
of our Guard units are lucky to have half the equipment they once had.
This is a burden on them when it comes to training and responding when
needed.
I have looked at our Guard and talked with our leaders there. They
have only half the authorized rifles they need and less than half the
authorized vehicles. Our States, every one of them, desperately need
this equipment, and this bill provides almost $1 billion to meet that
need. Why would we say no? Why would we wait?
Also included in this bill is desperately needed funding for
veterans, the victims of the catastrophic wildfire season, and people
who lost their homes because of Katrina.
This bill contains a continuing resolution which keeps the business
of Government continuing as we work our way through this appropriations
debate. Maybe there are some on the other side, people I have not met,
who believe closing down our Government is a good thing. We certainly
don't. The Democrats in the majority believe our Government should
continue to function. Was it 12, 13 years ago when then-Speaker
Gingrich decided he would just close down the Government to see if we
would miss it? People such as Rush Limbaugh were crowing on the radio
that if the Federal Government went away, nobody would notice. They
noticed it in a hurry. There are vital functions that need to continue.
This bill contains a continuing resolution that keeps the lights on,
keeps people working, keeps valuable services there for people across
America and around the world. We want to pass this along with this
Defense appropriations bill. This would fund our Government until
December 14, next month, which gives us time to work on agreements on
the rest of the appropriations bills.
We are operating under the spectre of a President who has threatened
to veto 10 of the 12 appropriations bills, even though we put these
bills together in a very bipartisan way, and they had overwhelming
majority votes. Those appropriations bills aren't likely to become law
in the near future, so the only responsible thing to do is to have this
continuing resolution so Government funding will continue.
The President has said he will veto these bills because they are--all
the bills, the appropriations bills--roughly $20 billion over his
budget. The President has threatened to delay health care, money for No
Child Left Behind, training for workers, even the National Institutes
of Health, and even transportation because Congress restored many cuts
he has made over the years--$20 billion, $25 billion. Sure, it is a
significant sum of money, but it represents about 2 percent to 2\1/2\
percent of the total Federal budget.
A President who is arguing we can't afford $20 billion or $25 billion
for America has asked us for $196 billion for Iraq--$196 billion for
Iraq but we can't afford $20 billion for America? I don't follow it.
A strong America begins at home, investing in our people, our
children, our communities, our neighborhoods, our towns, and our
States--our economy--so businesses can grow and good jobs can be there.
Why this President opposes these measures I can't understand. But we
shouldn't let the business of Government grind to a halt while we work
out that obvious difference. That is why the continuing resolution is
so important.
I guess 2007 was a banner year at the White House. After 6 years of
searching, after turning loose all of the agencies of the executive
branch of Government, after bringing in the best investigators the
President could find, after literally tearing the White House apart
from one end to another, President George W. Bush, in the year 2007,
discovered his veto pen. He had been looking for 6 years. He couldn't
find it. He never used it. But then he found it in 2007, and I guess he
decided this would be part of his relevancy campaign.
You may recall, Mr. President, he gave a speech and said: I have to
do some things around here to continue to be relevant. Reuters
announced today that 24 percent of the American people approve of the
President's job in office. Someone in the White House, I am not sure
who, has said to him: If you just start using this veto pen again, I
think your numbers will go up. I think you will be relevant.
[[Page S14144]]
I think they are wrong because the President has used his veto pen
for things that don't help our country. When we tried to change course
in policy and direction in Iraq, the President used his veto pen and
stopped us. When we tried to promote stem cell research to find cures
for diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease and cancer,
Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, he found that veto pen and used it to stop
the research. He has used that pen to stop Children's Health Insurance,
and he used it to try to stop an investment in America called the Water
Resources Development Act.
Today, there was a historic vote on the Senate floor. I believe some
79 Members, if I am not mistaken, voted to override the President's
veto--many more than the 67 necessary. It was historic because that is
only the 107th time in history this has occurred. The Senate,
Republicans and Democrats, rejected the President's veto.
So the President continues to take advice and threaten to use that
veto pen again. It is a newfound power that he ignored for 6 years as
President. Not once did he find a single bill generated by a Republican
Congress that he would veto, not one time. Now he can't find a bill
generated by a Democratic Congress he wants to sign.
Well, the bills we pass in the Senate take bipartisan support. We
don't have 60 votes on the Democratic side. We have 51. We need the
help of our Republican friends to pass anything, and we have gotten
that help. I hope the President will consider that when he threatens to
veto appropriations bills with overwhelmingly positive, affirmative
votes.
The continuing resolution assumes an increase of $2.9 billion for
Veterans Affairs. This would allow the VA to spend at a greater rate,
and they need to. If you had asked the Department of Veterans Affairs 7
or 8 years ago what they would be doing in the year 2007, I am sure
they would have said: Well, we will continue to meet our legal
obligation for a lot of aging veterans who have come to us with the
problems of aging men and women. But that is not their challenge today
exclusively. They have a new challenge, with thousands of returning
soldiers and sailors, marines and airmen, who come back broken in body
and spirit and need the help of the Veterans' Administration. We give
them money for that. That is in this bill.
Will Republicans stop this bill? Will they stop the $2.9 billion for
the Veterans' Administration? How could they possibly justify that?
It also has $500 million emergency funding for the Forest Service and
Bureau of Land Management for wildfires. You don't have to tell our
colleagues from California what that is about. It is about the biggest
migration in our Nation since the Civil War--people forced out of their
homes because of the fires, many of their homes destroyed in the
process.
The bill has $3 billion in emergency funding for the HUD Road Home
Program for people whose homes were damaged and destroyed by Hurricanes
Katrina and Rita. The Governor of Louisiana, Governor Blanco, came to
see me, along with the mayor of New Orleans, Mr. Nagin, and they told
me about this program, one that the Federal Government agreed to fund.
It has been a program that has been widely subscribed and needs
additional money to be completed. It is just for the people who have
legitimate claims, and it gives them a chance to come home. It is about
time the people in New Orleans had a chance to come home.
Mr. President, our country faces threats on many fronts. Our duty in
Congress is to provide the authority and the funding for our military
to be equipped and trained to meet those threats. I support this
funding bill which gives our soldiers the tools they need to safeguard
our Nation. To my friends on the Republican side of the aisle, as they
ponder whether to support this bill, I hope they will understand
funding our military at this moment in our history is critical;
providing continuing resources for our Government to stay in business
is the right thing to do.
Saying no to veterans at this moment is a bad decision. Saying no as
well to the victims of fires is not defensible. And saying no to those
people who have struggled and need a helping hand across America is not
consistent with who we are and what we should be.
Mr. President, I yield the floor, and I suggest the absence of a
quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent the order for the
quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. NELSON of Florida). Without objection, it
is so ordered.
The Senator from Alaska is recognized.
Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I want to state my support for the
Department of Defense conference agreement that is before the Senate
today. As we have done for so many years, my good friend from Hawaii,
Senator Inouye, and I have worked in a bipartisan manner with our
counterparts in the House to draft an agreement that meets the needs of
the military. This bill balances our priorities for funding, pay, and
benefits to the military and civilian personnel, maintaining force
readiness in the operating accounts, and providing significant
investment for the modernization of weapons systems. I strongly support
the defense side of this bill.
I remain deeply disturbed by what is not included in the bill. What
is missing from the conference agreement is what is known as the bridge
fund or supplemental appropriations to support our troops in the field.
For each of the last 3 years, and in the current CR, the bridge funding
for the costs of operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and around the world
have been included, until a full supplemental bill could be considered
has passed the Congress in the Spring.
This has been a difficult matter for us to deal with. I was
unsuccessful in the defense conference in adding $70 billion as a
bridge fund. As I understand it, the House has indicated they will
bring forth a stand-alone bridge fund bill to be considered by the
Congress as early as next week. As a matter of fact, it may be tomorrow
that they take it up. I have not seen any action yet to assure that we
will get a clean bridge fund bill that can be signed by the President.
This bothers me considerably.
The continuing resolution attached to this bill does not contain a
bridge fund. As I said, every defense bill since fiscal year 2005 has
included a bridge fund that funded contingency operations.
Unfortunately, the absence of this bridge fund leaves the Department
will be forced to divert money from their regular accounts to fund
overseas operations. They will also be forced to reprogram money from
the Defense bill itself in order to cover the problems of the men and
women in the field.
I have said I would offer a motion to invoke rule XXVIII against this
bill, but upon reflection and after talking to the people in the
administration, the intention is to allow that this Defense bill to be
passed because there are overwhelming problems in the Defense
Department itself.
So contrary to my own deep thoughts about the lack of the bridge
fund, I think, considering the matter of all of those people who serve
us, it is essential we get the Defense bill itself passed. It will give
us the basic funds to continue the ongoing operations for a limited
period of time.
It bothers me that without the bridge fund--the Congress has failed
to recognize the overall process of supporting our deployed forces and
replacing worn equipment. These effort are at risk for being delayed,
when this bridge fund is not provided. The current CR, which contains
funding for our deployed forces, runs out on the 16th of this month.
I say to the Senate, it is a great risk we are taking, a great risk
not to fund the people who are serving valiantly overseas. These people
ought to be the first under consideration. Unfortunately, we are
presented with a dichotomy of protecting the whole of the Department of
Defense and getting the bill to the President to be signed, as opposed
to having the additional moneys necessary to continue to support those
overseas.
In the past 3 years, as I said, we have included a bridge fund.
Without this funding, the Department of Defense will now have to divert
money, reprogram money from this bill we are going
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to pass, to fund overseas operations. Those operations cost about
approximately $13 billion a month. That is money that is necessary to
keep the people who are in the field now, sustain the rotation of those
forces, and ensure that they have the equipment that they need. A
significant portion of that money is dedicated to the troops and their
families as they come home. It costs much more to bring a soldier or
Marine back and put that person back into their unit and take care of
all the medical problems associated with returning personnel as it does
to send someone over.
The difficulty is without a bridge fund those people are going to be
the first ones harmed. We still have time. This is the point just made
to me--we still have time before November 16 to pass a clean bridge
fund, one without bells and whistles, one without political concepts in
it, one without telling the President to end a war he can't end.
I do hope the Senate understands we should not have a political
dispute bar us from supporting those people who have volunteered. This
is a total volunteer military. They have depended upon us to support
them. We have until November 16 to do what we should do, and that is
pass a bridge bill.
I do hope the House will keep its word to us and send us a bridge
bill. No matter what happens between the White House and the Congress
and the parties within the Congress, we should not lose sight of the
fact that those people have volunteered to serve this country, they are
there, some of them are coming back, and others are going over to take
their place until this issue is settled. I, for one, hope it is settled
as soon as possible, but I do not believe we can solve the problem by
denying the Department the money it needs to support those in the
field.
We have men and women in uniform in 146 countries today. It is not
just Iraq and Afghanistan. These servicemembers are still chasing
terrorists around the world. I think we send the wrong message to the
deployed troops who have volunteered for duty if we neglect them. This
will be the first time we have done that.
By not raising the point of order I am relying upon what I believe is
a commitment of the House to send us a bridge bill, a bridge bill that
can be passed and signed by the President by the 16th, by the time the
current CR expires. I do not believe we can ignore our commitments to
our forces overseas, and I do hope the Senate will join us in agreeing
to pass a bridge bill that is not political.
I know my friend, and I disagreed on the basic concept of entering
this war. But after the troops were there, we have set aside any
political differences and decided our job was to make sure the
volunteers who commit themselves, commit their lives and put them at
stake, are going to get what they need so long as the Commander in
Chief orders them to do what he has the power to do under the
Constitution, and that is to represent this country in events taking
place in Iraq, Afghanistan, and throughout the world.
These are very complicated times. We are reading what is going on in
Pakistan, which impacts our operations in Afghanistan. When we were
there the last time I was there, the one thing they wanted was support
for helicopters and equipment to assist in the war on terrorism.
I remind my colleagues there is more than $11 billion in this package
for mine resistance, ambush protected, or MRAP vehicles. Senator Inouye
and I totally support that concept. But force protection for the troops
goes far beyond the vehicles in which they ride. It includes everything
from body armor to helmets, to ballistic eye protection, aircraft
survivability equipment, to improved sensors, communications for better
situational awareness--all of that should be in the bridge fund that is
not here.
I am disturbed with myself, as a matter of fact, to a certain extent,
that I am not going to raise that point of order. But you have to weigh
this, now, as to what is in the best interests of the people in
uniform.
We are not saying today there is not going to be a bridge fund. We
are saying we will pass this bill now, but we are committing
ourselves--I am committing myself to do everything possible to get a
bridge fund passed by November 16.
We do not want to send the wrong message to our people deployed. The
interesting thing about it--I have spent the last few evenings, quite
late into the morning, watching this marvelous public television series
called ``The War.'' That was our war, Senator Inouye's war, and my war.
As a matter of fact, Senator Inouye has a dramatic presentation in that
series, and I applaud him for that. But the difference between that war
and this war, these conflicts in which we are involved now, is
overwhelming.
I remember leaving Miami and calling my aunt and uncle, with whom I
lived, then when I came back from China, calling them from Hawaii,
almost 2 years later. There was no communication--no phones, no e-
mails, no messages. Once in a while, about twice a month maybe, a
letter or a package.
This is a different concept. These people overseas can hear us now.
They are going to get e-mails today saying the Senate did not pass that
bridge bill. They are watching us--and they should. They have every
right to watch us, and their families do too.
I think to do anything less than passing this bridge bill before we
go home for Thanksgiving--to me, it would be irresponsible. We have to
keep our commitment to these people. The $70 billion that is available
to the Department of Defense under the current CR, it ought to remain
available to them until we pass the main supplemental, which the
Congress will take up sometime in March or April.
I do hope the Senate will understand what we are doing. We have a
bill today, which includes the Continuing Resolution, that has a great
many provisions in it that we didn't have much to do with here in the
Senate. The Senate is on warning that it could well become surplusage
in the processes of the Congress if we let this happen again. These
items were entered into the conference report entirely separate from
the defense bill that is before us tonight. Rule XXVIII is supposed to
bar that. The exigencies of the situation now are such that we must let
the Defense bill go to the President in order to achieve our goal of
supporting the activities of the Department of Defense.
It is with reluctance I urge my colleagues to support this bill, send
it to the President for his signature--which I am assured will happen.
If we don't stand up as a Senate and support our troops, we will be
neglecting our duty.
We have duties here too. We support the Constitution, and the
Constitution gives the President of the United States power to send
troops overseas whether we like it or not. As a matter of fact, we
passed the resolution to make sure the President had that power and
then asked him to do it.
So under these circumstances, we should not neglect those people who
are overseas, who are wearing our uniform and putting their lives at
risk on a daily basis. I do hope the Senate will take notice that we
cannot let this become a common practice, we cannot neglect our job in
terms of having the Congress consider the things we believe are
absolutely necessary for our country.
The only reason I do not do it now is this gap between now and a week
from now on November 16. We have the time to pass a bridge bill. We
have the time to authorize the money that is needed to support these
people during our absence on what we call the Thanksgiving recess. I
hope and I pray to God we will do it. We must do it. It is on that
basis that I do not raise a point of order.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Hawaii is recognized.
Mr. INOUYE. Mr. President, for the past 30 years, I have been
privileged to serve on the Appropriations Defense Subcommittee with my
illustrious partner, the senior Senator from Alaska. We have always
done this in a bipartisan fashion. It has been so bipartisan that,
notwithstanding the controversies involved in the bill, as the Senate
knows very well, we passed the bill in the subcommittee in less than
half an hour and the full committee in less than an hour and a half.
We should also keep in mind that 4 days from now, we will be saying
thank you to the veterans of World War I, II, and the others.
This is a must bill. I think we should take the words of the senior
Senator
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from Alaska, his words of wisdom, with seriousness because it deserves
serious consideration.
Mr. McCAIN. Mr. President, we are a country at war and yet it
is business as usual in the Halls of the Congress. This conference
report is chocked full of unrequested and unauthorized funding
provisions while actually underfunding the budget requested by the
President for the Department of Defense by $3.5 billion. That is
correct, Mr. President. We are underfunding one of the most critical
agencies to the safety and security of the American public in order to
spend extraordinary amounts on unnecessary, wasteful earmarks and run
of the mill porkbarrel projects. There are over 2,000 earmarks in this
year's Defense Appropriations conference report and its accompanying
Statement of Managers, with 24 earmarks added outside the scope of
conference.
Today, we are engaged in a struggle against Islamic fascism and yet
it seems that many on both sides of the aisle are placing special
interest and pet projects before the urgent funding needs of our troops
and providing what they need to succeed in their mission. While this
bill has $3 billion of Katrina relief for Louisiana homeowners, it does
not have one dime allotted for bridge funds for the global war on
terror. I support doing what we can do to aid in the Katrina recovery.
But we must be equally committed to our brave men and women in uniform.
Allow me to highlight some of the earmarks that are taking real money
away from our fighting men and women: $25,000,000 for the Hawaii
Federal Health Care Network; $23,000,000 for the National Drug
Intelligence Center, NDIC; $20,000,000 for historically Black colleges
and universities; $5,000,000 for the United States Olympic Committee,
USOC Paralympic Military Program; $4,800,000 for the Jamaica Bay Unit
of Gateway National Recreation Area; $3,000,000 for ``The First Tee,''
a golf foundation in St. Augustine, FL; $2,400,000 for the Vertical
Lift Center of Excellence-Institute of Maintenance, Science and
Technology; $2,000,000 for brown tree snake eradication; $1,600,000 for
the New York Structural Biology Center; $1,200,000 for the National
Bureau for Asian Research; $800,000 for extended shelf life produce for
remotely deployed forces; and $500,000 for the Maine Institute for
Human Genetics.
I am not questioning the merits of some of these programs and
initiatives but they do not belong on a Defense appropriations bill. It
is our responsibility to be faithful stewards of the taxpayers' hard-
earned dollars. Whatever position you have on the war in Iraq, the
global war on terror or this administration, as long as our soldiers,
sailors, airmen and marines are in harm's way, it is our responsibility
to provide them with whatever is necessary for them to succeed in their
missions around the world and come home safely. We can do better than
this for our troops and for the American taxpayer.
Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I oppose the 2008 Department of Defense
appropriations conference report because it provides money to continue
the misguided war in Iraq but fails to require the redeployment of U.S.
troops. The war in Iraq is the wrong war. It is overstretching our
military and undermining our national security. It is long past time
for this war to end.
Some may pretend that this conference report does not include any
Iraq money. That claim is misleading, at best. This bill provides the
regular DOD funding that keeps the war going. In fact, this bill will
pay for a significant part of our operations in Iraq. Moreover, there
is nothing in this bill to prevent the Defense Department from shifting
regular funds to pay for the full costs of the war in Iraq in the event
that the Congress does not enact supplemental appropriations for the
war.
I strongly support our brave men and women in uniform. We do not do
them any favors by giving the President money to keep this open-ended
war going with no strings attached. For their sake, and for the sake of
our national security, we should use our power of the purse to force
the President to bring this war to a close. This bill represents
another missed opportunity, and another example of Congress failing to
use its power to bring our troops out of Iraq.
Mr. AKAKA. Mr. President, I would like to urge my colleagues to
support the conference report to accompany the fiscal year 2008
Department of Defense appropriations bill. I would also like to thank
all of the House and Senate conferees for their hard work and
dedication to ensure that our troops and their families have all the
necessary equipment and support they need.
As both a senior member of the Armed Services Committee and chairman
of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs, I am particularly pleased to
support $70 million in funding for programs authorized under the
Dignified Treatment of Wounded Warriors Act, designed to assist members
of our Armed Forces and their families in the often difficult
transition from battlefield to home. I am also glad to support the
inclusion of $980 million in additional funds to ensure that National
Guard and Reserve forces have the equipment they need to train for
deployments abroad and to respond to natural disasters at home.
In addition, I applaud the conferees' decision to retain a provision
recognizing the dedication and sacrifices made by members of our Armed
Forces and their civilian counterparts, by providing a 3.5-percent
increase in basic pay for all service members and civilian personnel,
0.5 percent above the President's request. Similarly, I am pleased to
support the inclusion of $2.6 billion to be used for the immediate
needs of our military families. These funds which will be used to hire
counselors, teachers, and child care providers are critical for our
military readiness and for sustaining our troops by ensuring the well-
being of their families.
Once again, let me urge my colleagues to set aside differences and
reach the compromises necessary to provide our brave men and women in
the armed services with the resources they need.
Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I certify that the information required by
Senate rule XLIV, related to congressionally directed spending, has
been identified in the conference report to accompany H.R. 3222,
Department of Defense appropriations bill, 2008, House Report 110-434,
filed on November 6, 2007, and that the required information has been
available on a publicly accessible congressional Web site at least 48
hours before a vote on the pending conference report.
Mr. ENZI. Mr. President, I rise to express my opposition to the
conference report to H.R. 3222, the Defense Appropriations Act for
fiscal year 2008. This Defense bill, which I strongly support,
unfortunately includes a so-called ``continuing resolution'' which is
full of earmarks.
I am extremely disappointed that our troops must continue to pay the
price for political posturing and the inclusion of funding for pet
programs in a must-pass military funding bill. Our troops are being
used to carry pork projects and this is a text book example of
irresponsible legislating.
Let's be clear about what a continuing resolution is. This continuing
resolution provides stopgap funding for existing Federal programs at
current or reduced fiscal year levels because the majority couldn't get
its appropriations bills completed by the beginning of a new fiscal
year.
What we should be considering is a straight CR: no earmarks, no plus
ups, no new ``emergency'' spending. This bill has it all. It has a $3
million earmark for a golf center--an expense clearly not linked to our
national defense. There is even $800,000 to study the effects of sound
on marine mammals.
This is a dangerous way to operate.
This Congress has already shown it has zero fiscal discipline.
Business as usual is bad enough, but if we, the U.S. Senate, concede on
the definition of a CR, this kind of unconscionable spending will be
done forever. It will be standard operating procedure. That is not what
the American people want.
I want to make very clear my strong support for the members of our
Armed Forces and the vital work they are doing around the world every
day. I have the greatest admiration for all of them for their
commitment to preserving our freedoms and maintaining our national
security. They are all true heroes and they are the ones who are doing
the heavy lifting and making
[[Page S14147]]
great sacrifices in our country's name so that we might continue to be
the land of the free and the home of the brave.
We are faced tonight with a vote on a bill that our troops need, but
the troops are not the focus of this conference report. This political
tactic does our troops and all Americans who want good government, a
disservice.
I want to provide our troops with the funding and the resources they
need to be successful in all their objectives. I want the Senate to
consider the Fiscal Year 2008 Defense Appropriations Act on its merit.
Legislating isn't a barter system, or at least it shouldn't be. The men
and women of our armed services deserve better than having the funding
they need to do their job being used in a horse-trading scheme so a
Member of Congress can get funding for his or her own special cause.
There is more than $50 million worth of projects being slipped in this
so-called CR. We are moving quickly toward midnight. I guess that's a
fitting time to vote on a bill laden with pork slipped in under the
cover of darkness. The people of the United States deserve better.
Mrs. McCASKILL. Mr. President, with great reluctance, I will vote
today in opposition to passage of the 2008 Department of Defense
appropriations conference bill. This legislation contains $459 billion
in funding to provide the resources needed to run daily military
operations.
I supported this legislation when it first came to the Senate floor
in October. However, I can not vote in support for the final House-
Senate conference report because it contained $59 million in earmarks
that were added during the closed-door conference negotiations. One of
those earmarks was for $3 million to fund a golf center that is in the
name of the congressman who requested it. What is a golf center doing
on a DOD appropriations bill?
This was a difficult decision because I strongly support most of the
provisions in this bill, and I have deep respect for Chairman Inouye
and Ranking Member Stevens and their efforts to craft a good funding
bill.
However, I made a commitment during my campaign and when I took my
oath of office in January to reform the secretive earmarking process. I
thought we had made real progress with the passage and enactment of
S.1, the ethics reform bill, that requires far more transparency and
disclosure on earmarks than there has ever been. Unfortunately, I have
since discovered there are still some gaps in the ethics bill that need
to be filled.
One of which has to do with the difficulty of raising a 60-vote point
of order on earmarks added during appropriations conference
negotiations. S.1 says that we can do that. But in reality, we really
can't. Most of these added funding earmarks are contained in the Joint
Explanatory Statement of Managers, which, technically, isn't part of
the conference report bill text. What that means is we can't raise a
point of order against those earmarks to strike them out of the bill.
Let me give me you some perspective on what we are talking about. The
Defense appropriations conference text was 133 pages long. The Joint
Explanation of Managers--470 pages long. The JES as they call it,
contains all of the earmarks, all kinds of substantive direction and is
three times as long as the official conference report, and it is not
subject to a point of order? This is wrong. It's not what I believe
most of us thought would escape the oversight rules of S. 1 when we
voted for it. At the very least, it seems disingenuous in how we sold
this bill to the American public as a way to clean up our taxpayer-
funded shop and how we do business around here.
I yield the floor, and I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. REID. I ask unanimous consent that the order for the quorum call
be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Sanders). Without objection, it is so
ordered.
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