[Congressional Record Volume 153, Number 158 (Thursday, October 18, 2007)]
[House]
[Page H11759]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
POST OFFICE BOX 1142 RESOLUTION
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a previous order of the House, the
gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Moran) is recognized for 5 minutes.
Mr. MORAN of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, from 1942 through the end of the
Second World War, a top secret military intelligence service operated
clandestinely on the shores of our own Potomac River. At Fort Hunt
Park, along the GW Parkway, a secret installation operated silently in
the shadows of our Nation's Capital.
Known only by its mailing address, P.O. Box 1142, the men and women
at this post provided the military intelligence that helped bring an
end to World War II and gave the United States an early advantage in
the Cold War.
P.O. Box 1142 was an interrogation center. Throughout the war and its
aftermath, the post processed and interrogated nearly 4,000 of the most
important German prisoners of war.
The men who performed the interrogations were drawn from across the
country. The shared attribute is that they all spoke fluent German to
be able to interact with their captives. Many were Jewish, to ensure
their loyalty to America's mission. And most had friends and family
battling on the front lines against Nazi Germany. To them, the war was
personal and would impact their lives forever.
Despite these circumstances, their interrogations never resorted to
torture, used violence, or implemented cruel tactics to obtain the
vital information required to support our Nation at war. Instead, their
most effective interrogation technique was to start a dialogue to
develop trust with their captives. They all talked with their captives,
played card games, took walks, discussed their lives, and ultimately
obtained the necessary information from their captives. Despite the
apparent simplicity of these methods, these interrogations resulted in
the discovery of most of Germany's secret weapons programs.
P.O. Box 1142 learned about research to develop the atomic bomb, the
jet engine and the V-2 rocket, all technologies that became essential
informational components in waging the Cold War. The detainment and
interrogation of high-ranking German officials, such as Reinhard
Gehlen, who ran the German intelligence operations, advanced our
military intelligence operations well beyond the Soviet Union's
capabilities.
In advancing the Nation's interests and uncovering vital secrets, the
interrogators at P.O. Box 1142 never resorted to tactics such as sleep
deprivation, electrical shock, or waterboarding. Their captives were
never sexually abused, humiliated, or tortured. They never resorted to
the methods that have recently branded our Nation so negatively. As a
result of the war on terror, I'm afraid that America is now haunted by
lasting images of Abu Ghraib and Guantanamo Bay. The current
intelligence community can learn from the men of P.O. Box 1142. For all
our sake, I hope it's not too late.
Despite the vital work that the interrogators at P.O. Box 1142
performed, their activities remained closely held secrets by those who
worked at the post. Many of these men never told family or loved ones.
It wasn't until park rangers from the GW Memorial Parkway uncovered
declassified documents and met former officers of P.O. Box 1142 that
the operations that occurred at Fort Hunt Park during World War II
became known.
Under the encouragement of the National Park Service, these park
rangers identified veterans of P.O. Box 1142. They conducted
professional oral history interviews. The deeper the park rangers dug,
the more obvious it became they had discovered a remarkable story that
had remained unrecognized by the officers because of their oath of
secrecy.
After 2 years of work, the National Park Service decided it was time
for the men of P.O. Box 1142 to finally be acknowledged. On October 5
and 6, the National Park Service held the first-ever reunion of the
veterans of P.O. Box 1142 at Fort Hunt Park. The veterans raised the
American flag in the post's original flag pole setting and memorialized
the grounds.
Today, I'm proud to play a small part in giving justified credit for
the tremendous work performed at P.O. Box 1142. Along with my northern
Virginia colleagues, Congressmen Tom Davis and Frank Wolf, I'm
introducing a long, overdue resolution to honor the men of P.O. Box
1142.
Mr. Speaker, I extend my appreciation to these veterans. The Nation
owes a great debt to them for their sacrifice to our Nation during a
time of war for their pursuit of critical intelligence, while
maintaining the highest level of integrity and America's moral values,
and for their intrepid actions that have, until very recently, gone
unacknowledged.
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