[Congressional Record Volume 153, Number 114 (Tuesday, July 17, 2007)]
[Extensions of Remarks]
[Pages E1535-E1536]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
HONORING GENERAL MARIANO GUADALUPE VALLEJO
______
HON. MIKE THOMPSON
of california
in the house of representatives
Tuesday, July 17, 2007
Mr. THOMPSON of California. Madam Speaker, I rise today to honor the
200th anniversary of the birth of General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo.
General Vallejo was instrumental in the creation of a free California
and
[[Page E1536]]
the drafting of the State constitution, and was the first great
legislator from northern California.
Mariano Vallejo was born on July 4, 1807 in Monterey, then the
capital of Spanish California. After Mexico gained independence from
Spain in 1821, Vallejo joined the newly formed Mexican Army in
California, where he served for the remainder of Mexican rule. As a
successful commander, Vallejo was given command of the Presidio in San
Francisco, where he was charged with defending northern California and
pushing back against Russian advances along the coast. He founded a
presidio in Sonoma as a military outpost to extend Mexican influence
into the northern Bay Area. He also began construction of a casa grande
in the town square, part of which remains today.
In 1835, Vallejo was drawn into politics when his nephew Juan
Alvarado, falsely claiming to act on orders from Vallejo, precipitated
an uprising against the unpopular Mexican Governor. The uprising was
successful, and Vallejo traveled to Monterey where he was appointed
Comandante General of the Free State of Alta California. Subsequent
recognition by the Federal Government in Mexico City confirmed this,
and General Vallejo remained in charge of California's military.
As the military commander of northern California, General Vallejo
witnessed firsthand the incompetence of Mexican Federal rule, and he
became convinced of the need to remove California from Mexico. His
interest in promoting the settlement and development of northern
California made him reluctant to enforce the Mexican laws dealing with
foreigners moving into the area, and he often issued passports on the
spot to new groups of settlers crossing into California. In 1842
General Vallejo was removed from military command in California and
replaced by Manuel Micheltorena, who presided over the decline of order
in the State, ultimately leading to revolt against Mexican rule.
On June 14, 1846, the Bear Flag Revolt began outside General
Vallejo's casa grande in Sonoma, and he was taken prisoner and removed
to Sutter's Fort in the Central Valley. He remained there for more than
a month, and upon agreeing not to participate in the war with Mexico,
he was allowed to return home. In early 1849 during American military
rule, spurred by increasing chaos from the Gold Rush and the sudden
massive flow of people into the State, Vallejo joined other residents
of the area to form a council for governing northern California. This
quickly translated into election to represent the Sonoma area at the
State constitutional convention in Monterey.
At the State convention, Vallejo pressed the other delegates on a
number of key issues, including banning slavery in the State, which
succeeded, and voting rights for Native Americans who owned property,
which failed. He also gave generously from his personal wealth to offer
support for the establishment of a legal commission. Finally, he was
part of the delegation that brought the proposed constitution to the
military governor, Bennett Riley, for final approval. After voters in
California approved the new constitution and California was admitted to
the United States as the 31st State, Vallejo was elected as a State
senator.
During his time in the State Senate, Mariano Vallejo led a number of
initiatives to continue the work he had done at the State's
constitutional convention. He sponsored an act which would have allowed
better government for the Native American population, and he spoke
strongly against a measure which would have excluded free Blacks from
the State. He also led the effort to establish a tax to fund free
schooling in California. Finally, he donated land for the State Capital
to be established at the north end of the Bay Area. This area, now the
city of Vallejo, was the site of the capitol from 1852-53, but was
moved thereafter to Sacramento.
After his departure from public life, Vallejo oversaw his remaining
business ventures even as his lands were eaten away by claims from new
settlers moving into the State. Later in his life he finally had the
opportunity to travel to the eastern United States, where he saw
Washington, DC, Philadelphia, and Boston, satisfying a life-long desire
to witness the birthplace of American democracy. His final contribution
to California was a vast set of collected writings on Native Americans
and californios, which is now in the collections of the University of
California.
Madam Speaker and colleagues, it is appropriate at this time that we
recognize the remarkable life of General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, and
acknowledge the contributions he made to the establishment of statehood
for California.
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