[Congressional Record Volume 153, Number 100 (Wednesday, June 20, 2007)]
[Senate]
[Page S8054]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
30TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE
Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, on June 20, 1977--30 years ago to this
day--oil began flowing through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System. This
event represents an important milestone in Alaska's history and a
watershed moment in our struggle to secure America's energy
independence.
My distinguished colleague from Alaska, Senator Lisa Murkowski, spoke
at length about the history of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline before we
adjourned last night. As she so vividly illustrated, its creation was a
monumental undertaking which required the hard work of countless
individuals.
During the long political fight to allow this important project to
proceed, members of the environmental lobby claimed the pipeline would
devastate Alaska. History has proven these critics wrong--responsible
development and attentive stewardship have ensured the continued
protection of our State's wildlife and lands.
Even after the Arab oil embargo in 1973, the Senate remained closely
divided on this matter. In fact, a tie vote on the authorizing
legislation was not broken until Vice President Spiro Agnew cast the
decisive vote in its favor. My own vote on that bill still ranks as one
of the most memorable I have ever cast.
When construction began in 1974, this project was the largest ever
financed by private capital. Engineers faced staggering challenges as
they plotted a route across 800 miles of rugged terrain and three major
mountain ranges. Various geographic hurdles also necessitated the
construction of seven airfields, dozens of bridges, and a 360-mile-long
road to connect Prudhoe Bay to Fairbanks.
Just more than 3 years after construction started, however, the
Trans-Alaska Pipeline was ready to operate. Since then, more than 15.5
billion barrels of crude oil have been sent from Alaska's North Slope,
through the pipeline to Valdez, and on to refineries throughout the
country.
The revenues generated by this production have had a tremendous
impact in Alaska and throughout the United States. Over the past 30
years, North Slope oil production has added more than $300 billion to
the U.S. economy and reduced domestic oil imports by more than $200
billion. Energy will always cost money, but instead of sending our
dollars overseas, North Slope oil production--made possible by the
Trans-Alaska Pipeline--has greatly contributed to economic growth here
at home.
In Alaska, the economic effects of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline are even
more apparent. Last year, revenues from oil production and
transportation accounted for nearly 90 percent of the State
government's total income--funds which were then used to help pay for
our schools, our roads, and other important projects. North Slope oil
revenue also provides the foundation for the permanent fund dividend,
which will help assure the well-being of future generations of
Alaskans.
When oil began to flow through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline in 1977,
gasoline cost a mere 38 cents per gallon. Today, the nationwide average
has soared to $3.00 per gallon, and many experts predict this price
will reach $4.00 by the end of summer.
As those of us in the Senate continue to debate a comprehensive
energy policy for our Nation, we must take note of the consequences of
30 years of oil production in Alaska. Instead of the ecological
disaster many predicted, the Trans-Alaska Pipeline has been an economic
lifeline for our Nation. It continues to prove we can balance
environmental concerns with the production of our natural resources. I
urge my colleagues to heed this lesson.
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