[Congressional Record Volume 153, Number 66 (Tuesday, April 24, 2007)]
[House]
[Page H4031]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
PREDATORY LENDING
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a previous order of the House, the
gentlewoman from California (Ms. Lee) is recognized for 5 minutes.
Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, first let me just thank the gentleman from
Maryland (Mr. Cummings) for organizing these 5-minute speeches tonight,
and for his leadership in fighting for home ownership and opportunity
and against predatory lending practices.
As my colleague Congresswoman Jones just said very eloquently, it is
a real shame and disgrace that we once again have to take to the floor
to raise the issue of predatory and deceptive lending practices.
As many of us can attest, which you are hearing tonight once again,
these practices are out of control and on the rise, and they are
leaving many, many people out in the cold and in foreclosure.
The statistics regarding the current subprime lending debacle are
staggering. It is estimated that bad loans have forced 1.5 million
homeowners into foreclosure this year alone, according to ACORN. In
2006, the number of foreclosures stood at 2.6 million, topping the
prior year total of 900,000 people. The problem is only getting worse.
The subprime industry's practice of higher rates, teaser rates,
higher fees, prepayment penalties, payday loans, check cashing
facilities and other unfavorable and hidden costs combine to create
conditions that push homeowners into hopelessness. We must remember
that foreclosures not only devastate individuals and families, but they
also depress communities and decrease property values.
This does not have to be the case for many subprime customers. The
assumption that subprime loans are for people who cannot qualify for a
prime loan at a good rate is false. Fannie Mae, and this is really
unbelievable, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have assessed that one-third
to one-half of subprime borrowers could have qualified for better loan
rates but were not given that option. They just weren't given that
option. The education and the information were simply not provided to
these customers, and I wonder why.
Regulators haven't done enough to protect consumers against predatory
lending. Because of the Bush administration's lack of regulatory rigor
and oversight of the subprime mortgage industry and their tendency to
pander to the business industry at the expense of hardworking middle-
and low-income Americans, we are in the mess we are in today.
Sadly, many of the victims of predatory lending are the elderly,
single parents, and people of color. In fact, communities of color
continue to be the target of predatory lenders. I call them loan
sharks. They are all over my community, and these unscrupulous
financial service schemes prey on the dream of home ownership and the
prospect for generational wealth building.
Within the last year, investigations of real estate agents were
designated by HUD for testing, they uncovered an 87 percent rate of
racial steering and a 20 percent denial rate for African Americans and
Latinos.
A Federal Reserve study showed that African American and Latino
borrowers are more likely to receive higher cost subprime loans than
their white counterparts. However, the likelihood of receiving a higher
cost loan to buy a house than a white borrower for African Americans is
3.7 times more likely and for Latinos, 2.3 times more likely.
So we must put an end to this type of lending discrimination and
predatory practice. Enough is enough.
Sometimes people ask me what is institutional racism. They do not
quite get it. Well, let me tell you, this is a very glaring and
unfortunate clear example of institutional racism, and so we must
support all of the efforts by Congressman Cummings and other efforts by
Congressman Mel Watt, Brad Miller, Barney Frank, members of the
Financial Services Committee to put forth legislation that provides a
floor, not a ceiling, for a policy such as this. We have got to face
reality. That means we must take a look at these, and I just call them
exotic loans, and they are exotic, and adjustable rate mortgages that
soon become unaffordable, as Congresswoman Tubbs Jones said, after a
couple of years.
To entice borrowers to take on risks that they may not be aware of is
just plain setting them up to fail, and this is just wrong. It is a
shame. It is a disgrace.
We need to provide relief, first of all, to victims of these loan
sharks and protect the national economy from the consequences of a
mortgage industry crisis which I believe is looming. We must act
immediately to protect a generation of homeowners. They are counting on
us. They deserve an opportunity to achieve the American Dream of
homeownership which is quickly turning into a nightmare for many.
For the majority of Americans, like for myself, purchasing a home is
the only way, I mean the only way, you can build any type of equity to
be able to just send your kids to college or to buy a house or to do
some of the things that you want to do, start a small business. So we
have got to clamp down and we have got to clamp down hard on these loan
sharks.
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