[Congressional Record Volume 153, Number 55 (Thursday, March 29, 2007)]
[Senate]
[Pages S4191-S4203]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

      By Mr. BIDEN (for himself, Mr. Specter, Mr. Brownback, and Mr. 
        Leahy):
  S. 1060. A bill to reauthorize the grant program for reentry of 
offenders into the community in the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968, to improve reentry planning and implementation, 
and for other purposes; to the Committee on the Judiciary.
  Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I introduce today with my colleagues 
Senators Specter, Brownback, and Leahy the Recidivism Reduction and 
Second Chance Act of 2007, which takes direct aim at reducing 
recidivism rates by improving the transition of offenders from prison 
back into the community. As this bill reflects, preventing recidivism 
is not only the right thing to do, it makes our communities safer and 
it saves us money.
  Today, we have over two million individuals in our Federal and State 
prisons and millions more in local jails. Our Federal and State prisons 
will release nearly 650,000 of these offenders back into our 
communities this year. A staggering \2/3\ of released State prisoners 
will be rearrested for a felony or serious misdemeanor within 3 years 
of release.
  It's not difficult to see why. These ex-offenders face a number of 
difficult challenges upon release. The unemployment rate among former 
inmates is as high as 60 percent; 15-27 percent of prisoners expect to 
go to homeless shelters upon release; and 57 percent of Federal and 70 
percent of State inmates used drugs regularly before prison. This 
addiction and dependency often continues during incarceration.
  Unless we address these problems, these individuals will commit 
hundreds of thousands of serious crimes after their release, and our 
communities will bear the human and economic cost. If we are going to 
reduce recidivism and crime, we simply have to make concerted, common-
sense efforts now to help ex-offenders successfully reenter and 
reintegrate into their communities.
  The Recidivism Reduction and Second Chance Act of 2007 
confronts head-on the dire situation of prisoners reentering our 
communities with insufficient monitoring, little or no job skills, 
inadequate drug treatment, insufficient housing, lack of basic physical 
and mental health services, and deficient basic life skills. Through 
commonsense and cost effective measures, it offers a second chance for 
ex-offenders, and the children and families that depend on them, and it 
strengthens our communities and ensures safe neighborhoods.

  The Second Chance Act provides a competitive grant program to study 
current approaches to reducing recidivism rates. It also provides 
grants for the development and implementation of comprehensive 
substance abuse treatment programs, academic and vocational education 
programs, housing and job counseling programs, and mentoring for 
offenders who are approaching release and who have been released. To 
ensure accountability, the bill requires grantees to establish 
performance goals and benchmarks and report the results to Congress.
  The bill authorizes $192 million per year in competitive grant 
funding. This represents an investment in our future and an 
acknowledgement of the problem we face. We must remember that the 
average cost of incarcerating each prisoner exceeds $20,000 per year, 
with expenditures on corrections alone having increased from $9 billion 
in 1982 to $60 billion in 2002. That's more than a six-fold increase, 
and the costs keep going up.
  A relatively modest investment in offender reentry efforts today is 
far more cost-effective than the alternative--building more prisons for 
these ex-offenders to return to if they can't reenter their communities 
and are convicted of further crimes. An ounce of prevention, as the 
saying goes, is worth a pound of cure.
  I'm proud today to join with Senator Specter, Senator Brownback, and 
Senator Leahy in introducing the Recidivism Reduction and Second Chance 
Act and ask that our colleagues join with us in this vital effort. The 
safety of our neighbors, our children, and our communities depends on 
it.
  I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the 
Record.
  There being no objection, the text of the bill was ordered to be 
printed in the Record, as follows:

                                S. 1060

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``Recidivism Reduction and 
     Second Chance Act of 2007'' or the ``Second Chance Act of 
     2007''.

     SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

       The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Table of contents.
Sec. 3. Findings.
Sec. 4. Submission of reports to Congress.

   TITLE I--AMENDMENTS RELATED TO THE OMNIBUS CRIME CONTROL AND SAFE 
                          STREETS ACT OF 1968

             Subtitle A--Improvements to Existing Programs

Sec. 101. Reauthorization of adult and juvenile offender State and 
              local reentry demonstration projects.
Sec. 102. Improvement of the residential substance abuse treatment for 
              State offenders program.

  Subtitle B--New and Innovative Programs to Improve Offender Reentry 
                                Services

Sec. 111. State and local reentry courts.
Sec. 112. Grants for comprehensive and continuous offender reentry task 
              forces.

[[Page S4192]]

Sec. 113. Prosecution drug treatment alternative to prison programs.
Sec. 114. Grants for family substance abuse treatment alternatives to 
              incarceration.
Sec. 115. Prison-based family treatment programs for incarcerated 
              parents of minor children.
Sec. 116. Grant programs relating to educational methods at prisons, 
              jails, and juvenile facilities.

                   Subtitle C--Conforming Amendments

Sec. 121. Use of violent offender truth-in-sentencing grant funding for 
              demonstration project activities.

     TITLE II--ENHANCED DRUG TREATMENT AND MENTORING GRANT PROGRAMS

                       Subtitle A--Drug Treatment

Sec. 201. Grants for demonstration programs to reduce drug use and 
              recidivism in long-term substance abusers.
Sec. 202. Offender drug treatment incentive grants.
Sec. 203. Ensuring availability and delivery of new pharmacological 
              drug treatment services.
Sec. 204. Study of effectiveness of depot naltrexone for heroin 
              addiction.
Sec. 205. Authorization of appropriations.

                        Subtitle B--Job Training

Sec. 211. Technology careers training demonstration grants.
Sec. 212. Grants to States for improved workplace and community 
              transition training for incarcerated youth offenders.

                         Subtitle C--Mentoring

Sec. 221. Mentoring grants to nonprofit organizations.
Sec. 222. Bureau of Prisons policy on mentoring contacts.

             Subtitle D--Administration of Justice Reforms

             Chapter 1--Improving Federal Offender Reentry

Sec. 231. Federal prisoner reentry program.
Sec. 232. Identification and release assistance for Federal prisoners.
Sec. 233. Improved reentry procedures for Federal prisoners.
Sec. 234. Duties of the Bureau of Prisons.
Sec. 235. Authorization of appropriations for Bureau of Prisons.
Sec. 236. Encouragement of employment of former prisoners.
Sec. 237. Elderly nonviolent offender pilot program.

                      Chapter 2--Reentry Research

Sec. 241. Offender reentry research.
Sec. 242. Grants to study parole or post-incarceration supervision 
              violations and revocations.
Sec. 243. Addressing the needs of children of incarcerated parents.

            Chapter 3--Correctional Reforms to Existing Law

Sec. 251. Clarification of authority to place prisoner in community 
              corrections.
Sec. 252. Residential drug abuse program in Federal prisons.
Sec. 253. Medical care for prisoners.
Sec. 254. Contracting for services for post-conviction supervision 
              offenders.

     SEC. 3. FINDINGS.

       Congress finds the following:
       (1) In 2002, over 7,000,000 people were incarcerated in 
     Federal or State prisons or in local jails. Nearly 650,000 
     people are released from Federal and State incarceration into 
     communities nationwide each year.
       (2) There are over 3,200 jails throughout the United 
     States, the vast majority of which are operated by county 
     governments. Each year, these jails will release more than 
     10,000,000 people back into the community.
       (3) Recent studies indicate that over \2/3\ of released 
     State prisoners are expected to be rearrested for a felony or 
     serious misdemeanor within 3 years after release.
       (4) According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, 
     expenditures on corrections alone increased from 
     $9,000,000,000 in 1982, to $59,600,000,000 in 2002. These 
     figures do not include the cost of arrest and prosecution, 
     nor do they take into account the cost to victims.
       (5) The Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative 
     provided $139,000,000 in funding for State governments to 
     develop and implement education, job training, mental health 
     treatment, and substance abuse treatment for serious and 
     violent offenders. This Act seeks to build upon the 
     innovative and successful State reentry programs developed 
     under the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative, 
     which terminated after fiscal year 2005.
       (6) Between 1991 and 1999, the number of children with a 
     parent in a Federal or State correctional facility increased 
     by more than 100 percent, from approximately 900,000 to 
     approximately 2,000,000. According to the Bureau of Prisons, 
     there is evidence to suggest that inmates who are connected 
     to their children and families are more likely to avoid 
     negative incidents and have reduced sentences.
       (7) Released prisoners cite family support as the most 
     important factor in helping them stay out of prison. Research 
     suggests that families are an often underutilized resource in 
     the reentry process.
       (8) Approximately 100,000 juveniles (ages 17 years and 
     under) leave juvenile correctional facilities, State prison, 
     or Federal prison each year. Juveniles released from secure 
     confinement still have their likely prime crime years ahead 
     of them. Juveniles released from secure confinement have a 
     recidivism rate ranging from 55 to 75 percent. The chances 
     that young people will successfully transition into society 
     improve with effective reentry and aftercare programs.
       (9) Studies have shown that between 15 percent and 27 
     percent of prisoners expect to go to homeless shelters upon 
     release from prison.
       (10) Fifty-seven percent of Federal and 70 percent of State 
     inmates used drugs regularly before going to prison, and the 
     Bureau of Justice Statistics report titled ``Trends in State 
     Parole, 1990-2000'' estimates the use of drugs or alcohol 
     around the time of the offense that resulted in the 
     incarceration of the inmate at as high as 84 percent.
       (11) Family-based treatment programs have proven results 
     for serving the special populations of female offenders and 
     substance abusers with children. An evaluation by the 
     Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration of 
     family-based treatment for substance-abusing mothers and 
     children found that 6 months after such treatment, 60 percent 
     of the mothers remained alcohol and drug free, and drug-
     related offenses declined from 28 percent to 7 percent. 
     Additionally, a 2003 evaluation of residential family-based 
     treatment programs revealed that 60 percent of mothers 
     remained clean and sober 6 months after treatment, criminal 
     arrests declined by 43 percent, and 88 percent of the 
     children treated in the program with their mothers remained 
     stabilized.
       (12) A Bureau of Justice Statistics analysis indicated that 
     only 33 percent of Federal inmates and 36 percent of State 
     inmates had participated in residential in-patient treatment 
     programs for alcohol and drug abuse 12 months before their 
     release. Further, over \1/3\ of all jail inmates have some 
     physical or mental disability and 25 percent of jail inmates 
     have been treated at some time for a mental or emotional 
     problem.
       (13) State Substance Abuse Agency Directors, also known as 
     Single State Authorities (in this paragraph referred to as 
     ``SSAs''), manage the publicly funded substance abuse 
     prevention and treatment system of the Nation. SSAs are 
     responsible for planning and implementing State-wide systems 
     of care that provide clinically appropriate substance abuse 
     services. Given the high rate of substance use disorders 
     among offenders reentering our communities, successful 
     reentry programs require close interaction and collaboration 
     with each SSA as the program is planned, implemented and 
     evaluated.
       (14) According to the National Institute of Literacy, 70 
     percent of all prisoners function at the lowest literacy 
     levels.
       (15) Less than 32 percent of State prison inmates have a 
     high school diploma or a higher level of education, compared 
     to 82 percent of the general population.
       (16) Approximately 38 percent of inmates who completed 11 
     years or less of school were not working before entry into 
     prison.
       (17) The percentage of State prisoners participating in 
     educational programs decreased by more than 8 percent between 
     1991 and 1997, despite growing evidence of how educational 
     programming while incarcerated reduces recidivism.
       (18) The National Institute of Justice has found that 1 
     year after release, up to 60 percent of former inmates are 
     not employed.
       (19) Transitional jobs programs have proven to help people 
     with criminal records to successfully return to the workplace 
     and to the community, and therefore can reduce recidivism.

     SEC. 4. SUBMISSION OF REPORTS TO CONGRESS.

       Not later than January 31 of each year, the Attorney 
     General shall submit each report received under this Act or 
     an amendment made by this Act during the preceding year to 
     the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the 
     Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.

   TITLE I--AMENDMENTS RELATED TO THE OMNIBUS CRIME CONTROL AND SAFE 
                          STREETS ACT OF 1968

             Subtitle A--Improvements to Existing Programs

     SEC. 101. REAUTHORIZATION OF ADULT AND JUVENILE OFFENDER 
                   STATE AND LOCAL REENTRY DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.

       (a) Adult and Juvenile Offender Demonstration Projects 
     Authorized.--Section 2976(b) of the Omnibus Crime Control and 
     Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(b)) is amended by 
     striking paragraphs (1) through (4) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(1) establishing or improving the system or systems under 
     which--
       ``(A) correctional agencies and other criminal and juvenile 
     justice agencies of the grant recipient develop and carry out 
     plans to facilitate the reentry into the community of each 
     offender in the custody of the jurisdiction involved;
       ``(B) the supervision and services provided to offenders in 
     the custody of the jurisdiction involved are coordinated with 
     the supervision and services provided to offenders after 
     reentry into the community, including coordination with 
     Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Forces 
     under section 2902 or with similar planning groups;
       ``(C) the efforts of various public and private entities to 
     provide supervision and services to offenders after reentry 
     into the community, and to family members of such offenders, 
     are coordinated; and

[[Page S4193]]

       ``(D) offenders awaiting reentry into the community are 
     provided with documents (such as identification papers, 
     referrals to services, medical prescriptions, job training 
     certificates, apprenticeship papers, and information on 
     obtaining public assistance) useful in achieving a successful 
     transition from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility;
       ``(2) carrying out programs and initiatives by units of 
     local government to strengthen reentry services for 
     individuals released from local jails, including coordination 
     with Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task 
     Forces under section 2902 or with similar planning groups;
       ``(3) assessing the literacy, educational, and vocational 
     needs of offenders in custody and identifying and providing 
     services appropriate to meet those needs, including follow-up 
     assessments and long-term services;
       ``(4) facilitating collaboration among the corrections 
     (including community corrections), technical school, 
     community college, business, nonprofit, workforce 
     development, and employment service sectors--
       ``(A) to promote, where appropriate, the employment of 
     people released from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility 
     through efforts such as educating employers about existing 
     financial incentives;
       ``(B) to facilitate the creation of job opportunities, 
     including transitional jobs and time-limited subsidized work 
     experience (where appropriate);
       ``(C) to connect offenders to employment (including 
     supportive employment and employment services before their 
     release to the community), provide work supports (including 
     transportation and retention services), as appropriate, and 
     identify labor market needs to ensure that education and 
     training are appropriate; and
       ``(D) to address obstacles to employment that are not 
     directly connected to the offense committed and the risk that 
     the offender presents to the community and provide case 
     management services as necessary to prepare offenders for 
     jobs that offer the potential for advancement and growth;
       ``(5) providing offenders with education, job training, 
     responsible parenting and healthy relationship skills 
     training (designed specifically to address the needs of 
     fathers and mothers in or transitioning from prison, jail, or 
     a juvenile facility), English literacy education, work 
     experience programs, self-respect and life skills training, 
     and other skills useful in achieving a successful transition 
     from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility;
       ``(6) providing structured post-release housing and 
     transitional housing (including group homes for recovering 
     substance abusers (with appropriate safeguards that may 
     include single-gender housing)) through which offenders are 
     provided supervision and services immediately following 
     reentry into the community;
       ``(7) assisting offenders in securing permanent housing 
     upon release or following a stay in transitional housing;
       ``(8) providing substance abuse treatment and services 
     (including providing a full continuum of substance abuse 
     treatment services that encompasses outpatient services, 
     comprehensive residential services and recovery, and recovery 
     home services) to offenders reentering the community from 
     prison, jail, or a juvenile facility;
       ``(9) expanding family-based drug treatment centers that 
     offer family-based comprehensive treatment services for 
     parents and their children as a complete family unit, as 
     appropriate to the safety, security, and well-being of the 
     family;
       ``(10) encouraging collaboration among juvenile and adult 
     corrections, community corrections, and community health 
     centers to allow access to affordable and quality primary 
     health care for offenders during the period of transition 
     from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility to the community;
       ``(11) providing or facilitating health care services to 
     offenders (including substance abuse screening, treatment, 
     and aftercare, infectious disease screening and treatment, 
     and screening, assessment, and aftercare for mental health 
     services) to protect the communities in which offenders will 
     live;
       ``(12) enabling prison, jail, or juvenile facility mentors 
     of offenders to remain in contact with those offenders 
     (including through the use of all available technology) while 
     in prison, jail, or a juvenile facility and after reentry 
     into the community, and encouraging the involvement of 
     prison, jail, or a juvenile facility mentors in the reentry 
     process;
       ``(13) systems under which family members of offenders are 
     involved in facilitating the successful reentry of those 
     offenders into the community (as appropriate to the safety, 
     security, and well-being of the family), including removing 
     obstacles to the maintenance of family relationships while 
     the offender is in custody, strengthening the family's 
     capacity to function as a stable living situation during 
     reentry, and involving family members in the planning and 
     implementation of the reentry process;
       ``(14) creating, developing, or enhancing offender and 
     family assessments, curricula, policies, procedures, or 
     programs (including mentoring programs)--
       ``(A) to help offenders with a history or identified risk 
     of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or 
     stalking reconnect with their families and communities (as 
     appropriate to the safety, security, and well-being of the 
     family), and become non-abusive parents or partners; and
       ``(B) under which particular attention is paid to the 
     safety of children affected and the confidentiality concerns 
     of victims, and efforts are coordinated with victim service 
     providers;
       ``(15) maintaining the parent-child relationship, as 
     appropriate to the safety, security, and well-being of the 
     child as determined by the relevant corrections and child 
     protective services agencies, including--
       ``(A) implementing programs in correctional agencies to 
     include the collection of information regarding any dependent 
     children of an offender as part of intake procedures, 
     including the number, age, and location or jurisdiction of 
     such children;
       ``(B) connecting those identified children with services as 
     appropriate and needed;
       ``(C) carrying out programs (including mentoring) that 
     support children of incarcerated parents, including those in 
     foster care and those cared for by grandparents or other 
     relatives (which is commonly referred to as kinship care);
       ``(D) developing programs and activities (including 
     mentoring) that support parent-child relationships, as 
     appropriate to the safety, security, and well-being of the 
     family, including technology to promote the parent-child 
     relationship and to facilitate participation in parent-
     teacher conferences, books on tape programs, family days, and 
     visitation areas for children while visiting an incarcerated 
     parent;
       ``(E) helping incarcerated parents to learn responsible 
     parenting and healthy relationship skills;
       ``(F) addressing visitation obstacles to children of an 
     incarcerated parent, such as the location of facilities in 
     remote areas, telephone costs, mail restrictions, and 
     visitation policies; and
       ``(G) identifying and addressing obstacles to collaborating 
     with child welfare agencies in the provision of services 
     jointly to offenders in custody and to the children of such 
     offenders;
       ``(16) carrying out programs for the entire family unit, 
     including the coordination of service delivery across 
     agencies;
       ``(17) facilitating and encouraging timely and complete 
     payment of restitution and fines by offenders to victims and 
     the community;
       ``(18) providing services as necessary to victims upon 
     release of offenders, including security services and 
     counseling, and facilitating the inclusion of victims, on a 
     voluntary basis, in the reentry process;
       ``(19) establishing or expanding the use of reentry courts 
     and other programs to--
       ``(A) monitor offenders returning to the community;
       ``(B) provide returning offenders with--
       ``(i) drug and alcohol testing and treatment; and
       ``(ii) mental and medical health assessment and services;
       ``(C) facilitate restorative justice practices and convene 
     family or community impact panels, family impact educational 
     classes, victim impact panels, or victim impact educational 
     classes;
       ``(D) provide and coordinate the delivery of other 
     community services to offenders, including--
       ``(i) employment training;
       ``(ii) education;
       ``(iii) housing assistance;
       ``(iv) children and family support, including responsible 
     parenting and healthy relationship skill training designed 
     specifically to address the needs of incarcerated and 
     transitioning fathers and mothers;
       ``(v) conflict resolution skills training;
       ``(vi) family violence intervention programs; and
       ``(vii) other appropriate services; and
       ``(E) establish and implement graduated sanctions and 
     incentives;
       ``(20) developing a case management reentry program that--
       ``(A) provides services to eligible veterans, as defined by 
     the Attorney General; and
       ``(B) provides for a reentry service network solely for 
     such eligible veterans that coordinates community services 
     and veterans services for offenders who qualify for such 
     veterans services; and
       ``(21) protecting communities against dangerous offenders, 
     including--
       ``(A) conducting studies in collaboration with Federal 
     research initiatives in effect on the date of enactment of 
     the Second Chance Act of 2007, to determine which offenders 
     are returning to prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities and 
     which of those returning offenders represent the greatest 
     risk to community safety;
       ``(B) developing and implementing procedures to assist 
     relevant authorities in determining when release is 
     appropriate and in the use of data to inform the release 
     decision;
       ``(C) using validated assessment tools to assess the risk 
     factors of returning inmates, and developing or adopting 
     procedures to ensure that dangerous felons are not released 
     from prison prematurely; and
       ``(D) developing and implementing procedures to identify 
     efficiently and effectively those violators of probation, 
     parole, or post-incarceration supervision who represent the 
     greatest risk to community safety.''.
       (b) Juvenile Offender Demonstration Projects 
     Reauthorized.--Section 2976(c) of the Omnibus Crime Control 
     and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(c)) is amended 
     by striking ``may be expended for'' and all that follows 
     through the period at the end and inserting ``may be expended 
     for any activity described in subsection (b).''.
       (c) Applications; Requirements; Priorities; Performance 
     Measurements.--Section 2976 of the Omnibus Crime Control and

[[Page S4194]]

     Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (o); and
       (2) by striking subsections (d) through (g) and inserting 
     the following:
       ``(d) Applications.--A State, unit of local government, 
     territory, or Indian tribe, or combination thereof, desiring 
     a grant under this section shall submit an application to the 
     Attorney General that--
       ``(1) contains a reentry strategic plan, as described in 
     subsection (h), which describes the long-term strategy and 
     incorporates a detailed implementation schedule, including 
     the plans of the applicant to pay for the program after the 
     Federal funding is discontinued;
       ``(2) identifies the local government role and the role of 
     governmental agencies and nonprofit organizations that will 
     be coordinated by, and that will collaborate on, the offender 
     reentry strategy of the applicant, and certifies the 
     involvement of such agencies and organizations; and
       ``(3) describes the evidence-based methodology and outcome 
     measures that will be used to evaluate the program funded 
     with a grant under this section, and specifically explains 
     how such measurements will provide valid measures of the 
     impact of that program.
       ``(e) Requirements.--The Attorney General may make a grant 
     to an applicant under this section only if the application--
       ``(1) reflects explicit support of the chief executive 
     officer of the State, unit of local government, territory, or 
     Indian tribe applying for a grant under this section;
       ``(2) provides extensive discussion of the role of State 
     corrections departments, community corrections agencies, 
     juvenile justice systems, or local jail systems in ensuring 
     successful reentry of offenders into their communities;
       ``(3) provides extensive evidence of collaboration with 
     State and local government agencies overseeing health, 
     housing, child welfare, education, substance abuse, victims 
     services, and employment services, and with local law 
     enforcement agencies;
       ``(4) provides a plan for analysis of the statutory, 
     regulatory, rules-based, and practice-based hurdles to 
     reintegration of offenders into the community; and
       ``(5) includes the use of a State, local, territorial, or 
     tribal task force, described in subsection (i), to carry out 
     the activities funded under the grant.
       ``(f) Priority Considerations.--The Attorney General shall 
     give priority to grant applications under this section that 
     best--
       ``(1) focus initiative on geographic areas with a 
     disproportionate population of offenders released from 
     prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities;
       ``(2) include--
       ``(A) input from nonprofit organizations, in any case where 
     relevant input is available and appropriate to the grant 
     application;
       ``(B) consultation with crime victims and offenders who are 
     released from prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities; and
       ``(C) coordination with families of offenders;
       ``(3) demonstrate effective case assessment and management 
     abilities in order to provide comprehensive and continuous 
     reentry, including--
       ``(A) planning while offenders are in prison, jail, or a 
     juvenile facility, pre-release transition housing, and 
     community release;
       ``(B) establishing pre-release planning procedures to 
     ensure that the eligibility of an offender for Federal or 
     State benefits upon release is established prior to release, 
     subject to any limitations in law, and to ensure that 
     offenders obtain all necessary referrals for reentry 
     services; and
       ``(C) delivery of continuous and appropriate drug 
     treatment, medical care, job training and placement, 
     educational services, or any other service or support needed 
     for reentry;
       ``(4) review the process by which the applicant adjudicates 
     violations of parole, probation, or supervision following 
     release from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility, taking 
     into account public safety and the use of graduated, 
     community-based sanctions for minor and technical violations 
     of parole, probation, or supervision (specifically those 
     violations that are not otherwise, and independently, a 
     violation of law);
       ``(5) provide for an independent evaluation of reentry 
     programs that include, to the maximum extent possible, random 
     assignment and controlled studies to determine the 
     effectiveness of such programs; and
       ``(6) target high-risk offenders for reentry programs 
     through validated assessment tools.
       ``(g) Uses of Grant Funds.--
       ``(1) Federal share.--
       ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), 
     the Federal share of a grant received under this section may 
     not exceed 75 percent of the project funded under such grant 
     in fiscal year 2008.
       ``(B) Waiver.--Subparagraph (A) shall not apply if the 
     Attorney General--
       ``(i) waives, in whole or in part, the requirement of this 
     paragraph; and
       ``(ii) publishes in the Federal Register the rationale for 
     the waiver.
       ``(2) Supplement not supplant.--Federal funds received 
     under this section shall be used to supplement, not supplant, 
     non-Federal funds that would otherwise be available for the 
     activities funded under this section.
       ``(h) Reentry Strategic Plan.--
       ``(1) In general.--As a condition of receiving financial 
     assistance under this section, each applicant shall develop a 
     comprehensive strategic reentry plan that contains measurable 
     annual and 5-year performance outcomes, and that uses, to the 
     maximum extent possible, random assigned and controlled 
     studies to determine the effectiveness of the program funded 
     with a grant under this section. One goal of that plan shall 
     be to reduce the rate of recidivism (as defined by the 
     Attorney General, consistent with the research on offender 
     reentry undertaken by the Bureau of Justice Statistics) for 
     offenders released from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility 
     who are served with funds made available under this section 
     by 50 percent over a period of 5 years.
       ``(2) Coordination.--In developing a reentry plan under 
     this subsection, an applicant shall coordinate with 
     communities and stakeholders, including persons in the fields 
     of public safety, juvenile and adult corrections, housing, 
     health, education, substance abuse, children and families, 
     victims services, employment, and business and members of 
     nonprofit organizations that can provide reentry services.
       ``(3) Measurements of progress.--Each reentry plan 
     developed under this subsection shall measure the progress of 
     the applicant toward increasing public safety by reducing 
     rates of recidivism and enabling released offenders to 
     transition successfully back into their communities.
       ``(i) Reentry Task Force.--
       ``(1) In general.--As a condition of receiving financial 
     assistance under this section, each applicant shall establish 
     or empower a Reentry Task Force, or other relevant convening 
     authority, to--
       ``(A) examine ways to pool resources and funding streams to 
     promote lower recidivism rates for returning offenders and 
     minimize the harmful effects of offenders' time in prison, 
     jail, or a juvenile facility on families and communities of 
     offenders by collecting data and best practices in offender 
     reentry from demonstration grantees and other agencies and 
     organizations; and
       ``(B) provide the analysis described in subsection (e)(4).
       ``(2) Membership.--The task force or other authority under 
     this subsection shall be comprised of--
       ``(A) relevant State, tribal, territorial, or local 
     leaders; and
       ``(B) representatives of relevant--
       ``(i) agencies;
       ``(ii) service providers;
       ``(iii) nonprofit organizations; and
       ``(iv) stakeholders.
       ``(j) Strategic Performance Outcomes.--
       ``(1) In general.--Each applicant shall identify in the 
     reentry strategic plan developed under subsection (h), 
     specific performance outcomes relating to the long-term goals 
     of increasing public safety and reducing recidivism.
       ``(2) Performance outcomes.--The performance outcomes 
     identified under paragraph (1) shall include, with respect to 
     offenders released back into the community--
       ``(A) reduction in recidivism rates, which shall be 
     reported in accordance with the measure selected by the 
     Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics under section 
     234(c)(2) of the Second Chance Act of 2007;
       ``(B) reduction in crime;
       ``(C) increased employment and education opportunities;
       ``(D) reduction in violations of conditions of supervised 
     release;
       ``(E) increased payment of child support;
       ``(F) increased housing opportunities;
       ``(G) reduction in drug and alcohol abuse; and
       ``(H) increased participation in substance abuse and mental 
     health services.
       ``(3) Other outcomes.--A grantee under this section may 
     include in the reentry strategic plan developed under 
     subsection (h) other performance outcomes that increase the 
     success rates of offenders who transition from prison, jails, 
     or juvenile facilities.
       ``(4) Coordination.--A grantee under this section shall 
     coordinate with communities and stakeholders about the 
     selection of performance outcomes identified by the 
     applicant, and shall consult with the Attorney General for 
     assistance with data collection and measurement activities as 
     provided for in the grant application materials.
       ``(5) Report.--Each grantee under this section shall submit 
     an annual report to the Attorney General that--
       ``(A) identifies the progress of the grantee toward 
     achieving its strategic performance outcomes; and
       ``(B) describes other activities conducted by the grantee 
     to increase the success rates of the reentry population, such 
     as programs that foster effective risk management and 
     treatment programming, offender accountability, and community 
     and victim participation.
       ``(k) Performance Measurement.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Attorney General, in consultation 
     with grantees under this section, shall--
       ``(A) identify primary and secondary sources of information 
     to support the measurement of the performance indicators 
     identified under this section;
       ``(B) identify sources and methods of data collection in 
     support of performance measurement required under this 
     section;
       ``(C) provide to all grantees technical assistance and 
     training on performance measures and data collection for 
     purposes of this section; and

[[Page S4195]]

       ``(D) consult with the Substance Abuse and Mental Health 
     Services Administration and the National Institute on Drug 
     Abuse on strategic performance outcome measures and data 
     collection for purposes of this section relating to substance 
     abuse and mental health.
       ``(2) Coordination.--The Attorney General shall coordinate 
     with other Federal agencies to identify national and other 
     sources of information to support performance measurement of 
     grantees.
       ``(3) Standards for analysis.--Any statistical analysis of 
     population data conducted pursuant to this section shall be 
     conducted in accordance with the Federal Register Notice 
     dated October 30, 1997, relating to classification standards.
       ``(l) Future Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a 
     grant under this section in any fiscal year after the fiscal 
     year in which a grantee receives a grant under this section, 
     a grantee shall submit to the Attorney General such 
     information as is necessary to demonstrate that--
       ``(1) the grantee has adopted a reentry plan that reflects 
     input from nonprofit organizations, in any case where 
     relevant input is available and appropriate to the grant 
     application;
       ``(2) the reentry plan of the grantee includes performance 
     measures to assess progress of the grantee toward a 10 
     percent reduction in the rate of recidivism over a 2-year 
     period.
       ``(3) the grantee will coordinate with the Attorney 
     General, nonprofit organizations (if relevant input from 
     nonprofit organizations is available and appropriate), and 
     other experts regarding the selection and implementation of 
     the performance measures described in subsection (k).
       ``(m) National Adult and Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource 
     Center.--
       ``(1) Authority.--The Attorney General may, using amounts 
     made available to carry out this subsection, make a grant to 
     an eligible organization to provide for the establishment of 
     a National Adult and Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource 
     Center.
       ``(2) Eligible organization.--An organization eligible for 
     the grant under paragraph (1) is any national nonprofit 
     organization approved by the Interagency Task Force on 
     Federal Programs and Activities Relating to the Reentry of 
     Offenders Into the Community, that provides technical 
     assistance and training to, and has special expertise and 
     broad, national-level experience in, offender reentry 
     programs, training, and research.
       ``(3) Use of funds.--The organization receiving a grant 
     under paragraph (1) shall establish a National Adult and 
     Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource Center to--
       ``(A) provide education, training, and technical assistance 
     for States, tribes, territories, local governments, service 
     providers, nonprofit organizations, and corrections 
     institutions;
       ``(B) collect data and best practices in offender reentry 
     from demonstration grantees and others agencies and 
     organizations;
       ``(C) develop and disseminate evaluation tools, mechanisms, 
     and measures to better assess and document coalition 
     performance measures and outcomes;
       ``(D) disseminate information to States and other relevant 
     entities about best practices, policy standards, and research 
     findings;
       ``(E) develop and implement procedures to assist relevant 
     authorities in determining when release is appropriate and in 
     the use of data to inform the release decision;
       ``(F) develop and implement procedures to identify 
     efficiently and effectively those violators of probation, 
     parole, or supervision following release from prison, jail, 
     or a juvenile facility who should be returned to prisons, 
     jails, or juvenile facilities and those who should receive 
     other penalties based on defined, graduated sanctions;
       ``(G) collaborate with the Interagency Task Force on 
     Federal Programs and Activities Relating to the Reentry of 
     Offenders Into the Community, and the Federal Resource Center 
     for Children of Prisoners;
       ``(H) develop a national reentry research agenda; and
       ``(I) establish a database to enhance the availability of 
     information that will assist offenders in areas including 
     housing, employment, counseling, mentoring, medical and 
     mental health services, substance abuse treatment, 
     transportation, and daily living skills.
       ``(4) Limit.--Of amounts made available to carry out this 
     section, not more than 4 percent shall be available to carry 
     out this subsection.
       ``(n) Administration.--Of amounts made available to carry 
     out this section--
       ``(1) not more than 2 percent shall be available for 
     administrative expenses in carrying out this section; and
       ``(2) not more than 2 percent shall be made available to 
     the National Institute of Justice to evaluate the 
     effectiveness of the demonstration projects funded under this 
     section, using a methodology that--
       ``(A) includes, to the maximum extent feasible, random 
     assignment of offenders (or entities working with such 
     persons) to program delivery and control groups; and
       ``(B) generates evidence on which reentry approaches and 
     strategies are most effective.''.
       (d) Grant Authorization.--Section 2976(a) of the Omnibus 
     Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 
     3797w(a)) is amended by striking ``States, Territories'' and 
     all that follows through the period at the end and inserting 
     the following: ``States, local governments, territories, or 
     Indian tribes, or any combination thereof, in partnership 
     with stakeholders, service providers, and nonprofit 
     organizations.''.
       (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 2976(o) of 
     the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 
     U.S.C. 3797w), as so redesignated by subsection (c) of this 
     section, is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$15,000,000 for fiscal 
     year 2003'' and all that follows and inserting ``$50,000,000 
     for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''; and
       (2) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
       ``(2) Limitation.--Of the amount made available to carry 
     out this section in any fiscal year, not more than 3 percent 
     or less than 2 percent may be used for technical assistance 
     and training.''.

     SEC. 102. IMPROVEMENT OF THE RESIDENTIAL SUBSTANCE ABUSE 
                   TREATMENT FOR STATE OFFENDERS PROGRAM.

       (a) Requirement for Aftercare Component.--Section 1902(c) 
     of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 
     U.S.C. 3796ff-1(c)), is amended--
       (1) by striking the subsection heading and inserting 
     ``Requirement for Aftercare Component.--''; and
       (2) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
       ``(1) To be eligible for funding under this part, a State 
     shall ensure that individuals who participate in the 
     substance abuse treatment program established or implemented 
     with assistance provided under this part will be provided 
     with aftercare services, which may include case management 
     services and a full continuum of support services that ensure 
     providers furnishing services under that program are approved 
     by the appropriate State or local agency, and licensed, if 
     necessary, to provide medical treatment or other health 
     services.''.
       (b) Definition.--Section 1904(d) of the Omnibus Crime 
     Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796ff-3(d)) 
     is amended to read as follows:
       ``(d) Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Program 
     Defined.--In this part, the term `residential substance abuse 
     treatment program' means a course of comprehensive individual 
     and group substance abuse treatment services, lasting a 
     period of at least 6 months, in residential treatment 
     facilities set apart from the general population of a prison 
     or jail (which may include the use of pharmacological 
     treatment, where appropriate, that may extend beyond such 
     period).''.
       (c) Requirement for Study and Report on Aftercare 
     Services.--The Attorney General, through the National 
     Institute of Justice, and in consultation with the National 
     Institute on Drug Abuse, shall conduct a study on the use and 
     effectiveness of funds used by the Department of Justice for 
     aftercare services under section 1902(c) of the Omnibus Crime 
     Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as amended by 
     subsection (a) of this section, for offenders who reenter the 
     community after completing a substance abuse program in 
     prison or jail.

  Subtitle B--New and Innovative Programs to Improve Offender Reentry 
                                Services

     SEC. 111. STATE AND LOCAL REENTRY COURTS.

       (a) In General.--Part FF of title I of the Omnibus Crime 
     Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w et 
     seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

     ``SEC. 2978. STATE AND LOCAL REENTRY COURTS.

       ``(a) Grants Authorized.--The Attorney General shall award 
     grants, in accordance with this section, of not more than 
     $500,000 to--
       ``(1) State and local courts; and
       ``(2) State agencies, municipalities, public agencies, 
     nonprofit organizations, territories, and Indian tribes that 
     have agreements with courts to take the lead in establishing 
     a reentry court (as described in section 2976(b)(19)).
       ``(b) Use of Grant Funds.--Grant funds awarded under this 
     section shall be administered in accordance with such 
     guidelines, regulations, and procedures as promulgated by the 
     Attorney General, and may be used to--
       ``(1) monitor juvenile and adult offenders returning to the 
     community;
       ``(2) provide juvenile and adult offenders returning to the 
     community with coordinated and comprehensive reentry services 
     and programs such as--
       ``(A) drug and alcohol testing and assessment for 
     treatment;
       ``(B) assessment for substance abuse from a substance abuse 
     professional who is approved by the State and licensed by the 
     appropriate entity to provide alcohol and drug addiction 
     treatment, as appropriate;
       ``(C) substance abuse treatment from a provider that is 
     approved by the State, and licensed, if necessary, to provide 
     medical and other health services;
       ``(D) health (including mental health) services and 
     assessment;
       ``(E) aftercare and case management services that--
       ``(i) facilitate access to clinical care and related health 
     services; and
       ``(ii) coordinate with such clinical care and related 
     health services; and
       ``(F) any other services needed for reentry;
       ``(3) convene community impact panels, victim impact 
     panels, or victim impact educational classes;
       ``(4) provide and coordinate the delivery of community 
     services to juvenile and adult offenders, including--

[[Page S4196]]

       ``(A) housing assistance;
       ``(B) education;
       ``(C) employment training;
       ``(D) conflict resolution skills training;
       ``(E) batterer intervention programs; and
       ``(F) other appropriate social services; and
       ``(5) establish and implement graduated sanctions and 
     incentives.
       ``(c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall 
     be construed as preventing a grantee that operates a drug 
     court under part EE at the time a grant is awarded under this 
     section from using funds from such grant to supplement the 
     drug court under part EE in accordance with paragraphs (1) 
     through (5) of subsection (b).
       ``(d) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this 
     section, an entity described in subsection (a) shall, in 
     addition to any other requirements required by the Attorney 
     General, submit to the Attorney General an application that--
       ``(1) describes the program to be assisted under this 
     section and the need for such program;
       ``(2) describes a long-term strategy and detailed 
     implementation plan for such program, including how the 
     entity plans to pay for the program after the Federal funding 
     is discontinued;
       ``(3) identifies the governmental and community agencies 
     that will be coordinated by the project;
       ``(4) certifies that--
       ``(A) all agencies affected by the program, including 
     community corrections and parole entities, have been 
     appropriately consulted in the development of the program;
       ``(B) there will be appropriate coordination with all such 
     agencies in the implementation of the program; and
       ``(C) there will be appropriate coordination and 
     consultation with the Single State Authority for Substance 
     Abuse (as that term is defined in section 201(e) of the 
     Second Chance Act of 2007) of the State; and
       ``(5) describes the methodology and outcome measures that 
     will be used to evaluate the program.
       ``(e) Matching Requirements.--The Federal share of a grant 
     under this section may not exceed 75 percent of the costs of 
     the project assisted by such grant unless the Attorney 
     General--
       ``(1) waives, wholly or in part, the matching requirement 
     under this subsection; and
       ``(2) publicly delineates the rationale for the waiver.
       ``(f) Annual Report.--Each entity receiving a grant under 
     this section shall submit to the Attorney General, for each 
     fiscal year in which funds from the grant are expended, a 
     report, at such time and in such manner as the Attorney 
     General may reasonably require, that contains--
       ``(1) a summary of the activities carried out under the 
     program assisted by the grant;
       ``(2) an assessment of whether the activities are meeting 
     the need for the program identified in the application 
     submitted under subsection (d); and
       ``(3) such other information as the Attorney General may 
     require.
       ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
       ``(1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
     $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009 to carry 
     out this section.
       ``(2) Limitations.--Of the amount made available to carry 
     out this section in any fiscal year--
       ``(A) not more than 2 percent may be used by the Attorney 
     General for salaries and administrative expenses; and
       ``(B) not more than 5 percent nor less than 2 percent may 
     be used for technical assistance and training.''.

     SEC. 112. GRANTS FOR COMPREHENSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OFFENDER 
                   REENTRY TASK FORCES.

       Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act 
     of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amended by inserting 
     after part BB the following:

  ``PART CC--GRANTS FOR COMPREHENSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OFFENDER REENTRY 
                              TASK FORCES

     ``SEC. 2901. AUTHORIZATION.

       ``The Attorney General shall carry out a grant program 
     under which the Attorney General makes grants to States, 
     units of local government, territories, Indian tribes, and 
     other public and private entities for the purpose of 
     establishing and administering task forces (to be known as 
     `Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Forces'), 
     in accordance with this part.

     ``SEC. 2902. COMPREHENSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OFFENDER REENTRY 
                   TASK FORCES.

       ``(a) In General.--For purposes of this part, a 
     Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Force is a 
     planning group of a State, unit of local government, 
     territory, or Indian tribe that--
       ``(1) develops a community reentry plan, described in 
     section 2903, for each juvenile and adult offender to be 
     released from a correctional facility in the applicable 
     jurisdiction;
       ``(2) supervises and assesses the progress of each such 
     offender, with respect to such plan, starting on a date 
     before the offender is released from a correctional facility 
     and ending on the date on which the court supervision of such 
     offender ends;
       ``(3) conducts a detailed assessment of the needs of each 
     offender to address employment training, medical care, drug 
     treatment, education, and any other identified need of the 
     offender to assist in the offender's reentry;
       ``(4) demonstrates affirmative steps to implement such a 
     community reentry plan by consulting and coordinating with 
     other public and nonprofit entities, as appropriate;
       ``(5) establishes appropriate measurements for determining 
     the efficacy of such community reentry plans by monitoring 
     offender performance under such reentry plans;
       ``(6) complies with applicable State, local, territorial, 
     and tribal rules and regulations regarding the provision of 
     applicable services and treatment in the applicable 
     jurisdiction; and
       ``(7) consults and coordinates with the Single State 
     Authority for Substance Abuse (as that term is defined in 
     section 201(e) of the Second Chance Act of 2007) and the 
     criminal justice agencies of the State to ensure that 
     offender reentry plans are coordinated and delivered in the 
     most cost-effective manner, as determined by the Attorney 
     General, in consultation with the grantee.
       ``(b) Consultation Required.--A Comprehensive and 
     Continuous Offender Reentry Task Force for a county or other 
     defined geographic area shall perform the duties described in 
     paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a) in consultation with 
     representatives of--
       ``(1) the criminal and juvenile justice and correctional 
     facilities within that county or area;
       ``(2) the community health care services of that county or 
     area;
       ``(3) the drug treatment programs of that county or area;
       ``(4) the employment services organizations available in 
     that county or area;
       ``(5) the housing services organizations available in the 
     county or area; and
       ``(6) any other appropriate community services available in 
     the county or area.

     ``SEC. 2903. COMMUNITY REENTRY PLAN DESCRIBED.

       ``For purposes of section 2902(a)(1), a community reentry 
     plan for an offender is a plan relating to the reentry of the 
     offender into the community and, according to the needs of 
     the offender, shall--
       ``(1) identify employment opportunities and goals;
       ``(2) identify housing opportunities;
       ``(3) provide for any needed drug treatment;
       ``(4) provide for any needed mental health services;
       ``(5) provide for any needed health care services;
       ``(6) provide for any needed family counseling;
       ``(7) provide for offender case management programs or 
     services; and
       ``(8) provide for any other service specified by the 
     Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Force as 
     necessary for the offender.

     ``SEC. 2904. APPLICATION.

       ``To be eligible for a grant under this part, a State or 
     other relevant entity shall submit to the Attorney General an 
     application in such form and manner and at such time as the 
     Attorney General specifies. Such application shall contain 
     such information as the Attorney General specifies.

     ``SEC. 2905. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

       ``Nothing in this part shall be construed as supplanting or 
     modifying a sentence imposed by a court, including any terms 
     of supervision.

     ``SEC. 2906. REPORTS.

       ``An entity that receives funds under this part for a 
     Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Force 
     during a fiscal year shall submit to the Attorney General, 
     not later than a date specified by the Attorney General, a 
     report that describes and evaluates the effectiveness of such 
     Task Force during such fiscal year.

     ``SEC. 2907. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       ``There are authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 to 
     carry out this section for each of fiscal years 2008 and 
     2009.''.

     SEC. 113. PROSECUTION DRUG TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE TO PRISON 
                   PROGRAMS.

       (a) Authorization.--Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control 
     and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.), as 
     amended by this Act, is amended by adding after part CC the 
     following:

  ``PART DD--PROSECUTION DRUG TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE TO PRISON PROGRAMS

     ``SEC. 2911. GRANT AUTHORITY.

       ``(a) In General.--The Attorney General may make grants to 
     State and local prosecutors to develop, implement, or expand 
     qualified drug treatment programs that are alternatives to 
     imprisonment, in accordance with this part.
       ``(b) Qualified Drug Treatment Programs Described.--For 
     purposes of this part, a qualified drug treatment program is 
     a program--
       ``(1) that is administered by a State or local prosecutor;
       ``(2) that requires an eligible offender who is sentenced 
     to participate in the program (instead of incarceration) to 
     participate in a comprehensive substance abuse treatment 
     program that is approved by the State and licensed, if 
     necessary, to provide medical and other health services;
       ``(3) that requires an eligible offender to receive the 
     consent of the State or local prosecutor involved to 
     participate in such program;

[[Page S4197]]

       ``(4) that, in the case of an eligible offender who is 
     sentenced to participate in the program, requires the 
     offender to serve a sentence of imprisonment with respect to 
     the crime involved if the prosecutor, in conjunction with the 
     treatment provider, determines that the offender has not 
     successfully completed the relevant substance abuse treatment 
     program described in paragraph (2);
       ``(5) that provides for the dismissal of the criminal 
     charges involved in an eligible offender's participation in 
     the program if the offender is determined to have 
     successfully completed the program;
       ``(6) that requires each substance abuse provider treating 
     an eligible offender under the program to--
       ``(A) make periodic reports of the progress of the 
     treatment of that offender to the State or local prosecutor 
     involved and to the appropriate court in which the eligible 
     offender was convicted; and
       ``(B) notify such prosecutor and such court if the eligible 
     offender absconds from the facility of the treatment provider 
     or otherwise violates the terms and conditions of the 
     program, consistent with Federal and State confidentiality 
     requirements; and
       ``(7) that has an enforcement unit comprised of law 
     enforcement officers under the supervision of the State or 
     local prosecutor involved, the duties of which shall include 
     verifying an eligible offender's addresses and other 
     contacts, and, if necessary, locating, apprehending, and 
     arresting an eligible offender who has absconded from the 
     facility of a substance abuse treatment provider or otherwise 
     violated the terms and conditions of the program, consistent 
     with Federal and State confidentiality requirements, and 
     returning such eligible offender to court for sentencing for 
     the crime involved.

     ``SEC. 2912. USE OF GRANT FUNDS.

       ``(a) In General.--A State or local prosecutor that 
     receives a grant under this part shall use such grant for 
     expenses of a qualified drug treatment program, including for 
     the following expenses:
       ``(1) Salaries, personnel costs, equipment costs, and other 
     costs directly related to the operation of the program, 
     including the enforcement unit.
       ``(2) Payments for substance abuse treatment providers that 
     are approved by the State and licensed, if necessary, to 
     provide alcohol and drug addiction treatment to eligible 
     offenders participating in the program, including aftercare 
     supervision, vocational training, education, and job 
     placement.
       ``(3) Payments to public and nonprofit private entities 
     that are approved by the State and licensed, if necessary, to 
     provide alcohol and drug addiction treatment to offenders 
     participating in the program.
       ``(b) Supplement and Not Supplant.--Grants made under this 
     part shall be used to supplement, and not supplant, non-
     Federal funds that would otherwise be available for programs 
     described in this part.

     ``SEC. 2913. APPLICATIONS.

       ``To request a grant under this part, a State or local 
     prosecutor shall submit an application to the Attorney 
     General in such form and containing such information as the 
     Attorney General may reasonably require. Each such 
     application shall contain the certification by the State or 
     local prosecutor that the program for which the grant is 
     requested is a qualified drug treatment program, in 
     accordance with this part.

     ``SEC. 2914. FEDERAL SHARE.

       ``The Federal share of a grant made under this part shall 
     not exceed 75 percent of the total costs of the qualified 
     drug treatment program funded by such grant for the fiscal 
     year for which the program receives assistance under this 
     part.

     ``SEC. 2915. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.

       ``The Attorney General shall ensure that, to the extent 
     practicable, the distribution of grants under this part is 
     equitable and includes State or local prosecutors--
       ``(1) in each State; and
       ``(2) in rural, suburban, and urban jurisdictions.

     ``SEC. 2916. REPORTS AND EVALUATIONS.

       ``For each fiscal year, each recipient of a grant under 
     this part during that fiscal year shall submit to the 
     Attorney General a report with respect to the effectiveness 
     of activities carried out using that grant. Each report shall 
     include an evaluation in such form and containing such 
     information as the Attorney General may reasonably require. 
     The Attorney General shall specify the dates on which such 
     reports shall be submitted.

     ``SEC. 2917. DEFINITIONS.

       ``In this part:
       ``(1) State or local prosecutor.--The term `State or local 
     prosecutor' means any district attorney, State attorney 
     general, county attorney, or corporation counsel who has 
     authority to prosecute criminal offenses under State or local 
     law.
       ``(2) Eligible offender.--The term `eligible offender' 
     means an individual who--
       ``(A) has been convicted, pled guilty, or admitted guilt 
     with respect to a crime for which a sentence of imprisonment 
     is required and has not completed such sentence;
       ``(B) has never been charged with or convicted of an 
     offense, during the course of which--
       ``(i) the individual carried, possessed, or used a firearm 
     or dangerous weapon; or
       ``(ii) there occurred the use of force against the person 
     of another, without regard to whether any of the behavior 
     described in clause (i) is an element of the offense or for 
     which the person is charged or convicted;
       ``(C) does not have 1 or more prior convictions for a 
     felony crime of violence involving the use or attempted use 
     of force against a person with the intent to cause death or 
     serious bodily harm; and
       ``(D)(i) has received an assessment for alcohol or drug 
     addiction from a substance abuse professional who is approved 
     by the State and licensed by the appropriate entity to 
     provide alcohol and drug addiction treatment, as appropriate; 
     and
       ``(ii) has been found to be in need of substance abuse 
     treatment because that individual has a history of substance 
     abuse that is a significant contributing factor to the 
     criminal conduct of that individual.''.
       (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 1001(a) of 
     title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 
     1968 (42 U.S.C. 3793(a)) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new paragraph:
       ``(26) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
     part DD such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal 
     years 2008 and 2009.''.

     SEC. 114. GRANTS FOR FAMILY SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT 
                   ALTERNATIVES TO INCARCERATION.

       Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amended by inserting after part 
     II the following:

``PART JJ--GRANTS FOR FAMILY SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES TO 
                             INCARCERATION

     ``SEC. 3001. GRANTS AUTHORIZED.

       ``The Attorney General may make grants to States, units of 
     local government, territories, and Indian tribes to develop, 
     implement, and expand comprehensive and clinically-
     appropriate family-based substance abuse treatment programs 
     as alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent parent drug 
     offenders.

     ``SEC. 3002. USE OF GRANT FUNDS.

       ``Grants made to an entity under section 3001 for a program 
     described in such section may be used for the following:
       ``(1) Salaries, personnel costs, facility costs, and other 
     costs directly related to the operation of that program.
       ``(2) Payments to providers of substance abuse treatment 
     for providing treatment and case management to nonviolent 
     parent drug offenders participating in that program, 
     including comprehensive treatment for mental health 
     disorders, parenting classes, educational classes, vocational 
     training, and job placement.
       ``(3) Payments to public and nonprofit private entities to 
     provide substance abuse treatment to nonviolent parent drug 
     offenders participating in that program.

     ``SEC. 3003. PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.

       ``A program for which a grant is made under section 3001 
     shall comply with the following requirements:
       ``(1) The program shall ensure that all providers of 
     substance abuse treatment are approved by the State and are 
     licensed, if necessary, to provide medical and other health 
     services.
       ``(2) The program shall ensure appropriate coordination and 
     consultation with the Single State Authority for Substance 
     Abuse of the State (as that term is defined in section 201(e) 
     of the Second Chance Act of 2007).
       ``(3) The program shall consist of clinically-appropriate, 
     comprehensive, and long-term family treatment, including the 
     treatment of the nonviolent parent drug offender, the child 
     of such offender, and any other appropriate member of the 
     family of the offender.
       ``(4) The program shall be provided in a residential 
     setting that is not a hospital setting or an intensive 
     outpatient setting.
       ``(5) The program shall provide that if a nonviolent parent 
     drug offender who participates in that program does not 
     successfully complete the program the offender shall serve an 
     appropriate sentence of imprisonment with respect to the 
     underlying crime involved.
       ``(6) The program shall ensure that a determination is made 
     as to whether a nonviolent drug offender has completed the 
     substance abuse treatment program.
       ``(7) The program shall include the implementation of a 
     system of graduated sanctions (including incentives) that are 
     applied based on the accountability of the nonviolent parent 
     drug offender involved throughout the course of that program 
     to encourage compliance with that program.
       ``(8) The program shall develop and implement a reentry 
     plan for each nonviolent parent drug offender that shall 
     include reinforcement strategies for family involvement as 
     appropriate, relapse strategies, support groups, placement in 
     transitional housing, and continued substance abuse 
     treatment, as needed.

     ``SEC. 3004. DEFINITIONS.

       ``In this part:
       ``(1) Nonviolent parent drug offenders.--The term 
     `nonviolent parent drug offender' means an offender who is--
       ``(A) a parent of an individual under 18 years of age; and
       ``(B) convicted of a drug (or drug-related) felony that is 
     a nonviolent offense.
       ``(2) Nonviolent offense.--The term `nonviolent offense' 
     has the meaning given that term in section 2991(a).

     ``SEC. 3005. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
     part $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

[[Page S4198]]

     SEC. 115. PRISON-BASED FAMILY TREATMENT PROGRAMS FOR 
                   INCARCERATED PARENTS OF MINOR CHILDREN.

       Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.), is amended--
       (1) by redesignating part X as part KK; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following:

  ``PART LL--PRISON-BASED FAMILY TREATMENT PROGRAMS FOR INCARCERATED 
                       PARENTS OF MINOR CHILDREN

     ``SEC. 3021. GRANTS AUTHORIZED.

       ``The Attorney General may make grants to States, units of 
     local government, territories, and Indian tribes to provide 
     prison-based family treatment programs for incarcerated 
     parents of minor children.

     ``SEC. 3022. USE OF GRANT FUNDS.

       ``An entity that receives a grant under this part shall use 
     amounts provided under that grant to--
       ``(1) develop, implement, and expand prison-based family 
     treatment programs in correctional facilities for 
     incarcerated parents with minor children, excluding from the 
     programs those parents with respect to whom there is 
     reasonable evidence of domestic violence or child abuse;
       ``(2) coordinate the design and implementation of such 
     programs between appropriate correctional facility 
     representatives and the appropriate governmental agencies; 
     and
       ``(3) develop and implement a pre-release assessment and a 
     reentry plan for each incarcerated parent scheduled to be 
     released to the community, which shall include--
       ``(A) a treatment program for the incarcerated parent to 
     receive continuous substance abuse treatment services and 
     related support services, as needed;
       ``(B) a housing plan during transition from incarceration 
     to reentry, as needed;
       ``(C) a vocational or employment plan, including training 
     and job placement services; and
       ``(D) any other services necessary to provide successful 
     reentry into the community.

     ``SEC. 3023. PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.

       ``A prison-based family treatment program for incarcerated 
     parents with respect to which a grant is made shall comply 
     with the following requirements:
       ``(1) The program shall integrate techniques to assess the 
     strengths and needs of immediate and extended family of the 
     incarcerated parent to support a treatment plan of the 
     incarcerated parent.
       ``(2) The program shall ensure that each participant in 
     that program has access to consistent and uninterrupted care 
     if transferred to a different correctional facility within 
     the State or other relevant entity.
       ``(3) The program shall be located in an area separate from 
     the general population of the prison.

     ``SEC. 3024. APPLICATIONS.

       ``To be eligible for a grant under this part for a prison-
     based family treatment program, an entity described in 
     section 3021 shall, in addition to any other requirement 
     specified by the Attorney General, submit an application to 
     the Attorney General in such form and manner and at such time 
     as specified by the Attorney General. Such application shall 
     include a description of the methods and measurements the 
     entity will use for purposes of evaluating the program 
     involved and such other information as the Attorney General 
     may reasonably require.

     ``SEC. 3025. REPORTS.

       ``An entity that receives a grant under this part for a 
     prison-based family treatment program during a fiscal year 
     shall submit to the Attorney General, not later than a date 
     specified by the Attorney General, a report that describes 
     and evaluates the effectiveness of that program during such 
     fiscal year that--
       ``(1) is based on evidence-based data; and
       ``(2) uses the methods and measurements described in the 
     application of that entity for purposes of evaluating that 
     program.

     ``SEC. 3026. PRISON-BASED FAMILY TREATMENT PROGRAM DEFINED.

       ``In this part, the term `prison-based family treatment 
     program' means a program for incarcerated parents in a 
     correctional facility that provides a comprehensive response 
     to offender needs, including substance abuse treatment, child 
     early intervention services, family counseling, legal 
     services, medical care, mental health services, nursery and 
     preschool, parenting skills training, pediatric care, 
     physical therapy, prenatal care, sexual abuse therapy, 
     relapse prevention, transportation, and vocational or GED 
     training.

     ``SEC. 3027. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
     part $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

     SEC. 116. GRANT PROGRAMS RELATING TO EDUCATIONAL METHODS AT 
                   PRISONS, JAILS, AND JUVENILE FACILITIES.

       Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act 
     of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.), as amended by this Act, is 
     amended by adding at the end the following:

 ``PART MM--GRANT PROGRAM TO EVALUATE EDUCATIONAL METHODS AT PRISONS, 
                     JAILS, AND JUVENILE FACILITIES

     ``SEC. 3031. GRANT PROGRAM TO EVALUATE EDUCATIONAL METHODS AT 
                   PRISONS, JAILS, AND JUVENILE FACILITIES.

       ``(a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall 
     carry out a grant program under which the Attorney General 
     may make grants to States, units of local government, 
     territories, Indian tribes, and other public and private 
     entities to--
       ``(1) evaluate methods to improve academic and vocational 
     education for offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile 
     facilities; and
       ``(2) identify, and make recommendations to the Attorney 
     General regarding, best practices relating to academic and 
     vocational education for offenders in prisons, jails, and 
     juvenile facilities, based on the evaluation under paragraph 
     (1).
       ``(b) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this 
     section, a State or other entity described in subsection (a) 
     shall submit to the Attorney General an application in such 
     form and manner, at such time and accompanied by such 
     information as the Attorney General specifies.
       ``(c) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the last day of 
     the final fiscal year of a grant under this section, the 
     entity described in subsection (a) receiving that grant shall 
     submit to the Attorney General a detailed report of the 
     aggregate findings and conclusions of the evaluation 
     described in subsection (a)(1), conducted by that entity and 
     the recommendations of that entity to the Attorney General 
     described in subsection (a)(2).
       ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 to carry out this 
     section for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

     ``SEC. 3032. GRANTS TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL SERVICES IN 
                   PRISONS, JAILS, AND JUVENILE FACILITIES.

       ``(a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall 
     carry out a grant program under which the Attorney General 
     may make grants to States, units of local government, 
     territories, and Indian tribes for the purpose of improving 
     the academic and vocational education programs available to 
     offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities.
       ``(b) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this 
     section, an entity described in subsection (a) shall submit 
     to the Attorney General an application in such form and 
     manner, at such time, and accompanied by such information as 
     the Attorney General specifies.
       ``(c) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under 
     subsection (a) during a fiscal year shall, not later than the 
     last day of the following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney 
     General a report that describes and assesses the uses of that 
     grant.
       ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out this 
     section for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

                   Subtitle C--Conforming Amendments

     SEC. 121. USE OF VIOLENT OFFENDER TRUTH-IN-SENTENCING GRANT 
                   FUNDING FOR DEMONSTRATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES.

       Section 20102(a) of the Violent Crime Control and Law 
     Enforcement Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13702(a)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (2) by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (2) in paragraph (3) by striking the period at the end and 
     inserting ``; and''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(4) to carry out any activity described in section 
     2976(b) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 
     1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(b)).''.

     TITLE II--ENHANCED DRUG TREATMENT AND MENTORING GRANT PROGRAMS

                       Subtitle A--Drug Treatment

     SEC. 201. GRANTS FOR DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS TO REDUCE DRUG 
                   USE AND RECIDIVISM IN LONG-TERM SUBSTANCE 
                   ABUSERS.

       (a) Awards Required.--The Attorney General may make 
     competitive grants to eligible partnerships, in accordance 
     with this section, for the purpose of establishing 
     demonstration programs to reduce the use of alcohol and other 
     drugs by supervised long-term substance abusers during the 
     period in which each such long-term substance abuser is in 
     prison, jail, or a juvenile facility, and until the 
     completion of parole or court supervision of such abuser.
       (b) Use of Grant Funds.--A grant made under subsection (a) 
     to an eligible partnership for a demonstration program, shall 
     be used--
       (1) to support the efforts of the agencies, organizations, 
     and researchers included in the eligible partnership, with 
     respect to the program for which a grant is awarded under 
     this section;
       (2) to develop and implement a program for supervised long-
     term substance abusers during the period described in 
     subsection (a), which shall include--
       (A) alcohol and drug abuse assessments that--
       (i) are provided by a State-approved program; and
       (ii) provide adequate incentives for completion of a 
     comprehensive alcohol or drug abuse treatment program, 
     including through the use of graduated sanctions; and
       (B) coordinated and continuous delivery of drug treatment 
     and case management services during such period; and
       (3) to provide addiction recovery support services (such as 
     job training and placement, peer support, mentoring, 
     education, and other related services) to strengthen 
     rehabilitation efforts for long-term substance abusers.
       (c) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under 
     subsection (a) for a demonstration program, an eligible 
     partnership shall submit to the Attorney General an 
     application that--
       (1) identifies the role, and certifies the involvement, of 
     each agency, organization, or researcher involved in such 
     partnership, with respect to the program;

[[Page S4199]]

       (2) includes a plan for using judicial or other criminal or 
     juvenile justice authority to supervise the long-term 
     substance abusers who would participate in a demonstration 
     program under this section, including for--
       (A) administering drug tests for such abusers on a regular 
     basis; and
       (B) swiftly and certainly imposing an established set of 
     graduated sanctions for non-compliance with conditions for 
     reentry into the community relating to drug abstinence 
     (whether imposed as a pre-trial, probation, or parole 
     condition, or otherwise);
       (3) includes a plan to provide supervised long-term 
     substance abusers with coordinated and continuous services 
     that are based on evidence-based strategies and that assist 
     such abusers by providing such abusers with--
       (A) drug treatment while in prison, jail, or a juvenile 
     facility;
       (B) continued treatment during the period in which each 
     such long-term substance abuser is in prison, jail, or a 
     juvenile facility, and until the completion of parole or 
     court supervision of such abuser;
       (C) addiction recovery support services;
       (D) employment training and placement;
       (E) family-based therapies;
       (F) structured post-release housing and transitional 
     housing, including housing for recovering substance abusers; 
     and
       (G) other services coordinated by appropriate case 
     management services;
       (4) includes a plan for coordinating the data 
     infrastructures among the entities included in the eligible 
     partnership and between such entities and the providers of 
     services under the demonstration program involved (including 
     providers of technical assistance) to assist in monitoring 
     and measuring the effectiveness of demonstration programs 
     under this section; and
       (5) includes a plan to monitor and measure the number of 
     long-term substance abusers--
       (A) located in each community involved; and
       (B) who improve the status of their employment, housing, 
     health, and family life.
       (d) Reports to Congress.--
       (1) Interim report.--Not later than September 30, 2008, the 
     Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report that 
     identifies the best practices relating to the comprehensive 
     and coordinated treatment of long-term substance abusers, 
     including the best practices identified through the 
     activities funded under this section.
       (2) Final report.--Not later than September 30, 2009, the 
     Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report on the 
     demonstration programs funded under this section, including 
     on the matters specified in paragraph (1).
       (e)  Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Eligible partnership.--The term ``eligible 
     partnership'' means a partnership that includes--
       (A) the applicable Single State Authority for Substance 
     Abuse;
       (B) the State, local, territorial, or tribal criminal or 
     juvenile justice authority involved;
       (C) a researcher who has experience in evidence-based 
     studies that measure the effectiveness of treating long-term 
     substance abusers during the period in which such abusers are 
     under the supervision of the criminal or juvenile justice 
     system involved;
       (D) community-based organizations that provide drug 
     treatment, related recovery services, job training and 
     placement, educational services, housing assistance, 
     mentoring, or medical services; and
       (E) Federal agencies (such as the Drug Enforcement Agency, 
     the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, and 
     the office of a United States attorney).
       (2) Long-term substance abuser.--The term ``long-term 
     substance abuser'' means an individual who--
       (A) is in a prison, jail, or juvenile facility;
       (B) has abused illegal drugs or alcohol for a significant 
     number of years; and
       (C) is scheduled to be released from prison, jail, or a 
     juvenile facility during the 24-month period beginning on the 
     date the relevant application is submitted under subsection 
     (c).
       (3) Single state authority for substance abuse.--The term 
     ``Single State Authority for Substance Abuse'' means an 
     entity designated by the Governor or chief executive officer 
     of a State as the single State administrative authority 
     responsible for the planning, development, implementation, 
     monitoring, regulation, and evaluation of substance abuse 
     services in that State.
       (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

     SEC. 202. OFFENDER DRUG TREATMENT INCENTIVE GRANTS.

       (a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall 
     carry out a grant program under which the Attorney General 
     may make grants to States, units of local government, 
     territories, and Indian tribes in an amount described in 
     subsection (c) to improve the provision of drug treatment to 
     offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities.
       (b) Requirements for Application.--
       (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
     subsection (a) for a fiscal year, an entity described in that 
     subsection shall, in addition to any other requirements 
     specified by the Attorney General, submit to the Attorney 
     General an application that demonstrates that, with respect 
     to offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities who 
     require drug treatment and who are in the custody of the 
     jurisdiction involved, during the previous fiscal year that 
     entity provided drug treatment meeting the standards 
     established by the Single State Authority for Substance Abuse 
     (as that term is defined in section 201) for the relevant 
     State to a number of such offenders that is 2 times the 
     number of such offenders to whom that entity provided drug 
     treatment during the fiscal year that is 2 years before the 
     fiscal year for which that entity seeks a grant.
       (2) Other requirements.--An application under this section 
     shall be submitted in such form and manner and at such time 
     as specified by the Attorney General.
       (c) Allocation of Grant Amounts Based on Drug Treatment 
     Percent Demonstrated.--The Attorney General shall allocate 
     amounts under this section for a fiscal year based on the 
     percent of offenders described in subsection (b)(1) to whom 
     an entity provided drug treatment in the previous fiscal 
     year, as demonstrated by that entity in its application under 
     that subsection.
       (d) Uses of Grants.--A grant awarded to an entity under 
     subsection (a) shall be used--
       (1) for continuing and improving drug treatment programs 
     provided at prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities of that 
     entity; and
       (2) to strengthen rehabilitation efforts for offenders by 
     providing addiction recovery support services, such as job 
     training and placement, education, peer support, mentoring, 
     and other similar services.
       (e) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under 
     subsection (a) during a fiscal year shall, not later than the 
     last day of the following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney 
     General a report that describes and assesses the uses of such 
     grant.
       (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out this section for 
     each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

     SEC. 203. ENSURING AVAILABILITY AND DELIVERY OF NEW 
                   PHARMACOLOGICAL DRUG TREATMENT SERVICES.

       (a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General, 
     through the National Institute of Justice, and in 
     consultation with the National Institute on Drug Abuse and 
     the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services 
     Administration, shall carry out a grant program under which 
     the Attorney General may make grants to States, units of 
     local government, territories, Indian tribes, and public and 
     private organizations to establish pharmacological drug 
     treatment services as part of the available drug treatment 
     programs being offered by such grantees to offenders who are 
     in prison or jail.
       (b) Consideration of Pharmacological Treatments.--In 
     awarding grants under this section to eligible entities, the 
     Attorney General shall consider--
       (1) the number and availability of pharmacological 
     treatments offered under the program involved; and
       (2) the participation of researchers who are familiar with 
     evidence-based studies and are able to measure the 
     effectiveness of such treatments using randomized trials.
       (c) Applications.--
       (1) In general.--To be eligible for a grant under this 
     section, an entity described in subsection (a) shall submit 
     to the Attorney General an application in such form and 
     manner and at such time as the Attorney General specifies.
       (2) Information required.--An application submitted under 
     paragraph (1) shall--
       (A) provide assurances that grant funds will be used only 
     for a program that is created in coordination with (or 
     approved by) the Single State Authority for Substance Abuse 
     (as that term is defined in section 201) of the State 
     involved to ensure pharmacological drug treatment services 
     provided under that program are clinically appropriate;
       (B) demonstrate how pharmacological drug treatment services 
     offered under the program are part of a clinically-
     appropriate and comprehensive treatment plan; and
       (C) contain such other information as the Attorney General 
     specifies.
       (d) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under 
     subsection (a) during a fiscal year shall, not later than the 
     last day of the following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney 
     General a report that describes and assesses the uses of that 
     grant.

     SEC. 204. STUDY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF DEPOT NALTREXONE FOR 
                   HEROIN ADDICTION.

       (a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General, 
     through the National Institute of Justice, and in 
     consultation with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, shall 
     carry out a grant program under which the Attorney General 
     may make grants to public and private research entities 
     (including consortia, single private research entities, and 
     individual institutions of higher education) to evaluate the 
     effectiveness of depot naltrexone for the treatment of heroin 
     addiction.
       (b) Evaluation Program.--To be eligible to receive a grant 
     under this section, an entity described in subsection (a) 
     shall submit to the Attorney General an application that--
       (1) contains such information as the Attorney General 
     specifies, including information that demonstrates that--
       (A) the applicant conducts research at a private or public 
     institution of higher education, as that term is defined in 
     section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
     1101);

[[Page S4200]]

       (B) the applicant has a plan to work with parole officers 
     or probation officers for offenders who are under court 
     supervision; and
       (C) the evaluation described in subsection (a) will measure 
     the effectiveness of such treatments using randomized trials; 
     and
       (2) is in such form and manner and at such time as the 
     Attorney General specifies.
       (c) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under 
     subsection (a) during a fiscal year shall, not later than the 
     last day of the following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney 
     General a report that describes and assesses the uses of that 
     grant.

     SEC. 205. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       There are authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 to 
     carry out sections 203 and 204 for each of fiscal years 2008 
     and 2009.

                        Subtitle B--Job Training

     SEC. 211. TECHNOLOGY CAREERS TRAINING DEMONSTRATION GRANTS.

       (a) Authority to Make Grants.--From amounts made available 
     to carry out this section, the Attorney General shall make 
     grants to States, units of local government, territories, and 
     Indian tribes to provide technology career training to 
     prisoners.
       (b) Use of Funds.--A grant awarded under subsection (a) may 
     be used to establish a technology careers training program to 
     train prisoners during the 3-year period before release from 
     prison, jail, or a juvenile facility for technology-based 
     jobs and careers.
       (c) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under 
     subsection (a) during a fiscal year shall, not later than the 
     last day of the following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney 
     General a report that describes and assesses the uses of that 
     grant during that fiscal year.
       (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

     SEC. 212. GRANTS TO STATES FOR IMPROVED WORKPLACE AND 
                   COMMUNITY TRANSITION TRAINING FOR INCARCERATED 
                   YOUTH OFFENDERS.

       Section 821 of the Higher Education Amendments of 1998 (20 
     U.S.C. 1151) is amended to read as follows:

     ``SEC. 821. GRANTS TO STATES FOR IMPROVED WORKPLACE AND 
                   COMMUNITY TRANSITION TRAINING FOR INCARCERATED 
                   YOUTH OFFENDERS.

       ``(a) Definition.--For purposes of this section, the term 
     `youth offender' means a male or female offender under the 
     age of 35, who is incarcerated in a State prison, including a 
     prerelease facility.
       ``(b) Grant Program.--The Secretary of Education (in this 
     section referred to as the `Secretary')--
       ``(1) shall establish a program in accordance with this 
     section to provide grants to the State correctional education 
     agencies in the States, from allocations for the States under 
     subsection (h), to assist and encourage youth offenders to 
     acquire functional literacy, life, and job skills, through--
       ``(A) the pursuit of a postsecondary education certificate, 
     or an associate or bachelor's degree while in prison; and
       ``(B) employment counseling and other related services 
     which start during incarceration and end not later than 1 
     year after release from confinement; and
       ``(2) may establish such performance objectives and 
     reporting requirements for State correctional education 
     agencies receiving grants under this section as the Secretary 
     determines are necessary to assess the effectiveness of the 
     program under this section.
       ``(c) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this 
     section, a State correctional education agency shall submit 
     to the Secretary a proposal for a youth offender program 
     that--
       ``(1) identifies the scope of the problem, including the 
     number of youth offenders in need of postsecondary education 
     and career and technical education;
       ``(2) lists the accredited public or private educational 
     institution or institutions that will provide postsecondary 
     educational services;
       ``(3) lists the cooperating agencies, public and private, 
     or businesses that will provide related services, such as 
     counseling in the areas of career development, substance 
     abuse, health, and parenting skills;
       ``(4) describes specific performance objectives and 
     evaluation methods (in addition to, and consistent with, any 
     objectives established by the Secretary under subsection 
     (b)(2)) that the State correctional education agency will use 
     in carrying out its proposal, including--
       ``(A) specific and quantified student outcome measures that 
     are referenced to outcomes for non-program participants with 
     similar demographic characteristics; and
       ``(B) measures, consistent with the data elements and 
     definitions described in subsection (d)(1)(A), of--
       ``(i) program completion, including an explicit definition 
     of what constitutes a program completion within the proposal;
       ``(ii) knowledge and skill attainment, including 
     specification of instruments that will measure knowledge and 
     skill attainment;
       ``(iii) attainment of employment both prior to and 
     subsequent to release;
       ``(iv) success in employment indicated by job retention and 
     advancement; and
       ``(v) recidivism, including such subindicators as time 
     before subsequent offense and severity of offense;
       ``(5) describes how the proposed programs are to be 
     integrated with existing State correctional education 
     programs (such as adult education, graduate education degree 
     programs, and career and technical education) and State 
     industry programs;
       ``(6) describes how the proposed programs will have 
     considered or will utilize technology to deliver the services 
     under this section; and
       ``(7) describes how students will be selected so that only 
     youth offenders eligible under subsection (e) will be 
     enrolled in postsecondary programs.
       ``(d) Program Requirements.--Each State correctional 
     education agency receiving a grant under this section shall--
       ``(1) annually report to the Secretary regarding--
       ``(A) the results of the evaluations conducted using data 
     elements and definitions provided by the Secretary for the 
     use of State correctional education programs;
       ``(B) any objectives or requirements established by the 
     Secretary pursuant to subsection (b)(2); and
       ``(C) the additional performance objectives and evaluation 
     methods contained in the proposal described in subsection 
     (c)(4), as necessary to document the attainment of project 
     performance objectives; and
       ``(2) expend on each participating eligible student for an 
     academic year, not more than the maximum Federal Pell Grant 
     funded under section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
     for such academic year, which shall be used for--
       ``(A) tuition, books, and essential materials; and
       ``(B) related services such as career development, 
     substance abuse counseling, parenting skills training, and 
     health education.
       ``(e) Student Eligibility.--A youth offender shall be 
     eligible for participation in a program receiving a grant 
     under this section if the youth offender--
       ``(1) is eligible to be released within 5 years (including 
     a youth offender who is eligible for parole within such 
     time); and
       ``(2) is 35 years of age or younger.
       ``(f) Length of Participation.--A State correctional 
     education agency receiving a grant under this section shall 
     provide educational and related services to each 
     participating youth offender for a period not to exceed 5 
     years, 1 year of which may be devoted to study in a graduate 
     education degree program or to remedial education services 
     for students who have obtained a secondary school diploma or 
     its recognized equivalent. Educational and related services 
     shall start during the period of incarceration in prison or 
     prerelease, and the related services may continue for not 
     more than 1 year after release from confinement.
       ``(g) Education Delivery Systems.--State correctional 
     education agencies and cooperating institutions shall, to the 
     extent practicable, use high-tech applications in developing 
     programs to meet the requirements and goals of this section.
       ``(h) Allocation of Funds.--From the funds appropriated 
     pursuant to subsection (i) for each fiscal year, the 
     Secretary shall allot to each State an amount that bears the 
     same relationship to such funds as the total number of 
     students eligible under subsection (e) in such State bears to 
     the total number of such students in all States.
       ``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
     $30,000,000 for fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

                         Subtitle C--Mentoring

     SEC. 221. MENTORING GRANTS TO NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.

       (a) Authority To Make Grants.--From amounts made available 
     to carry out this section, the Attorney General shall make 
     grants to nonprofit organizations for the purpose of 
     providing mentoring and other transitional services essential 
     to reintegrating offenders into the community.
       (b) Use of Funds.--A grant awarded under subsection (a) may 
     be used for--
       (1) mentoring adult and juvenile offenders during 
     incarceration, through transition back to the community, and 
     post-release;
       (2) transitional services to assist in the reintegration of 
     offenders into the community; and
       (3) training regarding offender and victims issues.
       (c) Application; Priority Consideration.--
       (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
     this section, a nonprofit organization shall submit an 
     application to the Attorney General at such time, in such 
     manner, and accompanied by such information as the Attorney 
     General may require.
       (2) Priority consideration.--Priority consideration shall 
     be given to any application under this section that--
       (A) includes a plan to implement activities that have been 
     demonstrated effective in facilitating the successful reentry 
     of offenders; and
       (B) provides for an independent evaluation that includes, 
     to the maximum extent feasible, random assignment of 
     offenders to program delivery and control groups.
       (d) Strategic Performance Outcomes.--The Attorney General 
     shall require each applicant under this section to identify 
     specific performance outcomes related to the long-term goal 
     of stabilizing communities by reducing recidivism (using a 
     measure that is consistent with the research undertaken by 
     the Bureau of Justice Statistics under section 241(b)(6)), 
     and reintegrating offenders into society.
       (e) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under 
     subsection (a) during a fiscal

[[Page S4201]]

     year shall, not later than the last day of the following 
     fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
     describes and assesses the uses of that grant during that 
     fiscal year and that identifies the progress of the grantee 
     toward achieving its strategic performance outcomes.
       (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to the Attorney General to carry out this 
     section $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

     SEC. 222. BUREAU OF PRISONS POLICY ON MENTORING CONTACTS.

       (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Director of the Bureau of Prisons 
     shall, in order to promote stability and continued assistance 
     to offenders after release from prison, adopt and implement a 
     policy to ensure that any person who provides mentoring 
     services to an incarcerated offender is permitted to continue 
     such services after that offender is released from prison. 
     That policy shall permit the continuation of mentoring 
     services unless the Director demonstrates that such services 
     would be a significant security risk to the offender, 
     incarcerated offenders, persons who provide such services, or 
     any other person.
       (b) Report.--Not later than September 30, 2008, the 
     Director of the Bureau of Prisons shall submit to Congress a 
     report on the extent to which the policy described in 
     subsection (a) has been implemented and followed.

             Subtitle D--Administration of Justice Reforms

             CHAPTER 1--IMPROVING FEDERAL OFFENDER REENTRY

     SEC. 231. FEDERAL PRISONER REENTRY PROGRAM.

       (a) Establishment.--The Director of the Bureau of Prisons 
     (in this chapter referred to as the ``Director'') shall 
     establish a prisoner reentry strategy to help prepare 
     prisoners for release and successful reintegration into the 
     community, which shall require that the Bureau of Prisons--
       (1) assess each prisoner's skill level (including academic, 
     vocational, health, cognitive, interpersonal, daily living, 
     and related reentry skills) at the beginning of the term of 
     imprisonment of that prisoner to identify any areas in need 
     of improvement prior to reentry;
       (2) generate a skills development plan for each prisoner to 
     monitor skills enhancement and reentry readiness throughout 
     incarceration;
       (3) determine program assignments for prisoners based on 
     the areas of need identified through the assessment described 
     in paragraph (1);
       (4) ensure that priority is given to the reentry needs of 
     high-risk populations, such as sex offenders, career 
     criminals, and prisoners with mental health problems;
       (5) coordinate and collaborate with other Federal agencies 
     and with State and local criminal justice agencies, 
     community-based organizations, and faith-based organizations 
     to help effectuate a seamless reintegration of prisoners into 
     their communities;
       (6) collect information about a prisoner's family 
     relationships, parental responsibilities, and contacts with 
     children to help prisoners maintain important familial 
     relationships and support systems during incarceration and 
     after release from custody; and
       (7) provide incentives for prisoner participation in skills 
     development programs.
       (b) Incentives for Participation in Skills Development 
     Programs.--A prisoner who participates in reentry and skills 
     development programs may, at the discretion of the Director, 
     receive any of the following incentives:
       (1) The maximum allowable period in a community confinement 
     facility.
       (2) A reduction in the term of imprisonment of that 
     prisoner, except that such reduction may not be more than 1 
     year from the term the prisoner must otherwise serve.
       (3) Such other incentives as the Director considers 
     appropriate.

     SEC. 232. IDENTIFICATION AND RELEASE ASSISTANCE FOR FEDERAL 
                   PRISONERS.

       (a) Obtaining Identification.--The Director shall assist 
     prisoners in obtaining identification (including a social 
     security card, driver's license or other official photo 
     identification, or birth certificate) prior to release.
       (b) Assistance Developing Release Plan.--At the request of 
     a direct-release prisoner, a representative of the United 
     States Probation System shall, prior to the release of that 
     prisoner, help that prisoner develop a release plan.
       (c) Direct-Release Prisoner Defined.--In this section, the 
     term ``direct-release prisoner'' means a prisoner who is 
     scheduled for release and will not be placed in pre-release 
     custody.

     SEC. 233. IMPROVED REENTRY PROCEDURES FOR FEDERAL PRISONERS.

       The Attorney General shall take such steps as are necessary 
     to modify the procedures and policies of the Department of 
     Justice with respect to the transition of offenders from the 
     custody of the Bureau of Prisons to the community--
       (1) to enhance case planning and implementation of reentry 
     programs, policies, and guidelines;
       (2) to improve such transition to the community, including 
     placement of such individuals in community corrections 
     facilities; and
       (3) to foster the development of collaborative partnerships 
     with stakeholders at the national and local levels to 
     facilitate the exchange of information and the development of 
     resources to enhance opportunities for successful offender 
     reentry.

     SEC. 234. DUTIES OF THE BUREAU OF PRISONS.

       (a) Duties of the Bureau of Prisons Expanded.--Section 
     4042(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (2) in paragraph (5), by striking the period and inserting 
     a semicolon; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(6) establish pre-release planning procedures that help 
     prisoners--
       ``(A) apply for Federal and State benefits upon release 
     (including Social Security Cards, Social Security benefits, 
     and veterans' benefits); and
       ``(B) secure such identification and benefits prior to 
     release, subject to any limitations in law; and
       ``(7) establish reentry planning procedures that include 
     providing Federal prisoners with information in the following 
     areas:
       ``(A) Health and nutrition.
       ``(B) Employment.
       ``(C) Literacy and education.
       ``(D) Personal finance and consumer skills.
       ``(E) Community resources.
       ``(F) Personal growth and development.
       ``(G) Release requirements and procedures.''.
       (b) Measuring the Removal of Obstacles to Reentry.--
       (1) Program required.--The Director shall carry out a 
     program under which each institution within the Bureau of 
     Prisons codes the reentry needs and deficits of prisoners, as 
     identified by an assessment tool that is used to produce an 
     individualized skills development plan for each inmate.
       (2) Tracking.--In carrying out the program under this 
     subsection, the Director shall quantitatively track, by 
     institution and Bureau-wide, the progress in responding to 
     the reentry needs and deficits of individual inmates.
       (3) Annual report.--On an annual basis, the Director shall 
     prepare and submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
     Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
     Representatives a report that documents the progress of each 
     institution within the Bureau of Prisons, and of the Bureau 
     as a whole, in responding to the reentry needs and deficits 
     of inmates. The report shall be prepared in a manner that 
     groups institutions by security level to allow comparisons of 
     similar institutions.
       (4) Evaluation.--The Director shall--
       (A) implement a formal standardized process for evaluating 
     the success of each institution within the Bureau of Prisons 
     in enhancing skills and resources to assist in reentry; and
       (B) ensure that--
       (i) each institution is held accountable for low 
     performance under such an evaluation; and
       (ii) plans for corrective action are developed and 
     implemented as necessary.
       (c) Measuring and Improving Recidivism Outcomes.--
       (1) Annual report required.--
       (A) In general.--At the end of each fiscal year, the 
     Director shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of 
     the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
     Representatives a report containing the statistics 
     demonstrating the relative reduction in recidivism for 
     inmates released by the Bureau of Prisons within that fiscal 
     year and the 2 prior fiscal years, comparing inmates who 
     participated in major inmate programs (including residential 
     drug treatment, vocational training, and prison industries) 
     with inmates who did not participate in such programs. Such 
     statistics shall be compiled separately for each such fiscal 
     year.
       (B) Scope.--A report under this paragraph is not required 
     to include statistics for a fiscal year that begins before 
     the date of the enactment of this Act.
       (C) Contents.--Each report under this paragraph shall 
     provide the recidivism statistics for the Bureau of Prisons 
     as a whole, and separately for each institution of the 
     Bureau.
       (2) Measure used.--In preparing the reports required by 
     paragraph (1), the Director shall, in consultation with the 
     Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, select a 
     measure for recidivism (such as rearrest, reincarceration, or 
     any other valid, evidence-based measure) that the Director 
     considers appropriate and that is consistent with the 
     research undertaken by the Bureau of Justice Statistics under 
     section 241(b)(6).
       (3) Goals.--
       (A) In general.--After the Director submits the first 
     report required by paragraph (1), the Director shall 
     establish goals for reductions in recidivism rates and shall 
     work to attain those goals.
       (B) Contents.--The goals established under subparagraph (A) 
     shall use the relative reductions in recidivism measured for 
     the fiscal year covered by that first report as a baseline 
     rate, and shall include--
       (i) a 5-year goal to increase, at a minimum, the baseline 
     relative reduction rate by 2 percent; and
       (ii) a 10-year goal to increase, at a minimum, the baseline 
     relative reduction rate by 5 percent within 10 fiscal years.
       (d) Format.--Any written information that the Bureau of 
     Prisons provides to inmates for reentry planning purposes 
     shall use common terminology and language.
       (e) Medical Care.--The Bureau of Prisons shall provide the 
     United States Probation and Pretrial Services System with 
     relevant

[[Page S4202]]

     information on the medical care needs and the mental health 
     treatment needs of inmates scheduled for release from 
     custody. The United States Probation and Pretrial Services 
     System shall take this information into account when 
     developing supervision plans in an effort to address the 
     medical care and mental health care needs of such 
     individuals. The Bureau of Prisons shall provide inmates with 
     a sufficient amount of all necessary medications (which will 
     normally consist of, at a minimum, a 2-week supply of such 
     medications) upon release from custody.

     SEC. 235. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR BUREAU OF 
                   PRISONS.

       There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director to 
     carry out sections 231, 232, 233, and 234 of this chapter, 
     $5,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

     SEC. 236. ENCOURAGEMENT OF EMPLOYMENT OF FORMER PRISONERS.

       The Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of 
     Labor, shall take such steps as are necessary to implement a 
     program to educate employers and the one-stop partners and 
     one-stop operators (as such terms are defined in section 101 
     of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (29 U.S.C. 2801)) 
     that provide services at any center operated under a one-stop 
     delivery system established under section 134(c) of the 
     Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (29 U.S.C. 2864(c)) 
     regarding incentives (including the Federal bonding program 
     of the Department of Labor and tax credits) for hiring former 
     Federal, State, or local prisoners.

     SEC. 237. ELDERLY NONVIOLENT OFFENDER PILOT PROGRAM.

       (a) Program Established.--
       (1) In general.--Notwithstanding section 3624 of title 18, 
     United States Code, or any other provision of law, the 
     Director shall conduct a pilot program to determine the 
     effectiveness of removing each eligible elderly offender from 
     a Bureau of Prison facility and placing that offender on home 
     detention until the date on which the term of imprisonment to 
     which that offender was sentenced expires.
       (2) Timing of placement in home detention.--
       (A) In general.--In carrying out the pilot program under 
     paragraph (1), the Director shall--
       (i) in the case of an offender who is determined to be an 
     eligible elderly offender on or before the date specified in 
     subparagraph (B), place such offender on home detention not 
     later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act; 
     and
       (ii) in the case of an offender who is determined to be an 
     eligible elderly offender after the date specified in 
     subparagraph (B) and before the date that is 3 years and 91 
     days after the date of enactment of this Act, place such 
     offender on home detention not later than 90 days after the 
     date of that determination.
       (B) Date specified.--For purposes of subparagraph (A), the 
     date specified in this subparagraph is the date that is 90 
     days after the date of enactment of this Act.
       (3) Violation of terms of home detention.--A violation by 
     an eligible elderly offender of the terms of home detention 
     (including the commission of another Federal, State, or local 
     crime) shall result in the removal of that offender from home 
     detention and the return of that offender to the designated 
     Bureau of Prisons institution in which that offender was 
     imprisoned immediately before placement on home detention 
     under paragraph (1).
       (b) Scope of Pilot Program.--
       (1) Participating designated facilities.--The pilot program 
     under subsection (a) shall be conducted through at least 1 
     Bureau of Prisons institution designated by the Director as 
     appropriate for the pilot program.
       (2) Duration.--The pilot program shall be conducted during 
     each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.
       (c) Program Evaluation.--
       (1) In general.--The Director shall contract with an 
     independent organization to monitor and evaluate the progress 
     of each eligible elderly offender placed on home detention 
     under subsection (a)(1) for the period that offender is on 
     home detention during the period described in subsection 
     (b)(2).
       (2) Annual report.--The organization described in paragraph 
     (1) shall annually submit to the Director and to Congress a 
     report on the pilot program under subsection (a)(1), which 
     shall include--
       (A) an evaluation of the effectiveness of the pilot program 
     in providing a successful transition for eligible elderly 
     offenders from incarceration to the community, including data 
     relating to the recidivism rates for such offenders; and
       (B) the cost savings to the Federal Government resulting 
     from the early removal of such offenders from incarceration.
       (3) Program adjustments.--Upon review of the report 
     submitted under paragraph (2), the Director shall submit 
     recommendations to Congress for adjustments to the pilot 
     program, including its expansion to additional facilities.
       (d) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Eligible elderly offender.--The term ``eligible elderly 
     offender'' means an offender in the custody of the Bureau of 
     Prisons who--
       (A) is not less than 60 years of age;
       (B) is serving a term of imprisonment after conviction for 
     an offense other than a crime of violence (as that term is 
     defined in section 16 of title 18, United States Code) and 
     has served the greater of 10 years or \1/2\ of the term of 
     imprisonment of that offender;
       (C) has not been convicted in the past of any Federal or 
     State crime of violence;
       (D) has not been determined by the Bureau of Prisons, on 
     the basis of information the Bureau uses to make custody 
     classifications, and in the sole discretion of the Bureau, to 
     have a history of violence; and
       (E) has not escaped, or attempted to escape, from a Bureau 
     of Prisons institution.
       (2) Home detention.--The term ``home detention'' has the 
     same meaning given the term in the Federal Sentencing 
     Guidelines, and includes detention in a nursing home or other 
     residential long-term care facility.
       (3) Term of imprisonment.--The term ``term of 
     imprisonment'' includes multiple terms of imprisonment 
     ordered to run consecutively or concurrently, which shall be 
     treated as a single, aggregate term of imprisonment for 
     purposes of this section.
       (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

                      CHAPTER 2--REENTRY RESEARCH

     SEC. 241. OFFENDER REENTRY RESEARCH.

       (a) National Institute of Justice.--The National Institute 
     of Justice may conduct research on juvenile and adult 
     offender reentry, including--
       (1) a study identifying the number and characteristics of 
     minor children who have had a parent incarcerated, and the 
     likelihood of such minor children becoming involved in the 
     criminal justice system some time in their lifetime;
       (2) a study identifying a mechanism to compare rates of 
     recidivism (including rearrest, violations of parole, 
     probation, post-incarceration supervision, and 
     reincarceration) among States; and
       (3) a study on the population of offenders released from 
     custody who do not engage in recidivism and the 
     characteristics (housing, employment, treatment, family 
     connection) of that population.
       (b) Bureau of Justice Statistics.--The Bureau of Justice 
     Statistics may conduct research on offender reentry, 
     including--
       (1) an analysis of special populations (including prisoners 
     with mental illness or substance abuse disorders, female 
     offenders, juvenile offenders, offenders with limited English 
     proficiency, and the elderly) that present unique reentry 
     challenges;
       (2) studies to determine which offenders are returning to 
     prison, jail, or a juvenile facility and which of those 
     returning offenders represent the greatest risk to victims 
     and community safety;
       (3) annual reports on the demographic characteristics of 
     the population returning to society from prisons, jails, and 
     juvenile facilities;
       (4) a national recidivism study every 3 years;
       (5) a study of parole, probation, or post-incarceration 
     supervision violations and revocations; and
       (6) a study concerning the most appropriate measure to be 
     used when reporting recidivism rates (whether rearrest, 
     reincarceration, or any other valid, evidence-based measure).
       (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

     SEC. 242. GRANTS TO STUDY PAROLE OR POST-INCARCERATION 
                   SUPERVISION VIOLATIONS AND REVOCATIONS.

       (a) Grants Authorized.--From amounts made available to 
     carry out this section, the Attorney General may make grants 
     to States to study and to improve the collection of data with 
     respect to individuals whose parole or post-incarceration 
     supervision is revoked, and which such individuals represent 
     the greatest risk to victims and community safety.
       (b) Application.--As a condition of receiving a grant under 
     this section, a State shall--
       (1) certify that the State has, or intends to establish, a 
     program that collects comprehensive and reliable data with 
     respect to individuals described in subsection (a), including 
     data on--
       (A) the number and type of parole or post-incarceration 
     supervision violations that occur with the State;
       (B) the reasons for parole or post-incarceration 
     supervision revocation;
       (C) the underlying behavior that led to the revocation; and
       (D) the term of imprisonment or other penalty that is 
     imposed for the violation; and
       (2) provide the data described in paragraph (1) to the 
     Bureau of Justice Statistics, in a form prescribed by the 
     Bureau.
       (c) Analysis.--Any statistical analysis of population data 
     under this section shall be conducted in accordance with the 
     Federal Register Notice dated October 30, 1997, relating to 
     classification standards.
       (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
     to be appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

     SEC. 243. ADDRESSING THE NEEDS OF CHILDREN OF INCARCERATED 
                   PARENTS.

       (a) Best Practices.--
       (1) In general.--The Attorney General shall collect data 
     and develop best practices of State corrections departments 
     and child protection agencies relating to the communication 
     and coordination between such State departments and agencies 
     to ensure the safety and support of children of incarcerated 
     parents (including those in foster

[[Page S4203]]

     care and kinship care), and the support of parent-child 
     relationships between incarcerated (and formerly 
     incarcerated) parents and their children, as appropriate to 
     the health and well-being of the children.
       (2) Contents.--The best practices developed under paragraph 
     (1) shall include information related to policies, 
     procedures, and programs that may be used by States to 
     address--
       (A) maintenance of the parent-child bond during 
     incarceration;
       (B) parental self-improvement; and
       (C) parental involvement in planning for the future and 
     well-being of their children.
       (b) Dissemination to States.--Not later than 1 year after 
     the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall 
     disseminate to States and other relevant entities the best 
     practices described in subsection (a).
       (c) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
     States and other relevant entities should use the best 
     practices developed and disseminated in accordance with this 
     section to evaluate and improve the communication and 
     coordination between State corrections departments and child 
     protection agencies to ensure the safety and support of 
     children of incarcerated parents (including those in foster 
     care and kinship care), and the support of parent-child 
     relationships between incarcerated (and formerly 
     incarcerated) parents and their children, as appropriate to 
     the health and well-being of the children.

            CHAPTER 3--CORRECTIONAL REFORMS TO EXISTING LAW

     SEC. 251. CLARIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO PLACE PRISONER IN 
                   COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS.

       (a) Pre-Release Custody.--Section 3624(c) of title 18, 
     United States Code, is amended to read as follows:
       ``(c) Pre-Release Custody.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Bureau of Prisons 
     shall, to the extent practicable, ensure that a prisoner 
     serving a term of imprisonment spends a portion of the final 
     months of that term (not to exceed 12 months), under 
     conditions that will afford that prisoner a reasonable 
     opportunity to adjust to and prepare for the reentry of that 
     prisoner into the community. Such conditions may include a 
     community correctional facility.
       ``(2) Home confinement authority.--The authority under this 
     subsection may be used to place a prisoner in home 
     confinement for the shorter of 10 percent of the term of 
     imprisonment of that prisoner or 6 months.
       ``(3) Assistance.--The United States Probation System 
     shall, to the extent practicable, offer assistance to a 
     prisoner during pre-release custody under this subsection.
       ``(4) No limitations.--Nothing in this subsection shall be 
     construed to limit or restrict the authority of the Director 
     of the Bureau of Prisons under section 3621.
       ``(5) Reporting.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of the Recidivism Reduction and Second Chance Act 
     of 2007 (and every year thereafter), the Director of the 
     Bureau of Prisons shall transmit to the Committee on the 
     Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of 
     the House of Representatives a report describing the Bureau's 
     utilization of community corrections facilities. Each report 
     under this paragraph shall set forth the number and 
     percentage of Federal prisoners placed in community 
     corrections facilities during the preceding year, the average 
     length of such placements, trends in such utilization, the 
     reasons some prisoners are not placed in community 
     corrections facilities, and any other information that may be 
     useful to the committees in determining if the Bureau is 
     utilizing community corrections facilities in an effective 
     manner.
       ``(6) Issuance of regulations.--The Director of Bureau of 
     Prisons shall issue regulations pursuant to this subsection 
     not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of the 
     Recidivism Reduction and Second Chance Act of 2007.''.
       (b) Courts May Not Require a Sentence of Imprisonment To Be 
     Served in a Community Corrections Facility.--Section 3621(b) 
     of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
     end the following: ``Any order, recommendation, or request by 
     a sentencing court that a convicted person serve a term of 
     imprisonment in a community corrections facility shall have 
     no binding effect on the authority of the Bureau under this 
     section to determine or change the place of imprisonment of 
     that person.''.

     SEC. 252. RESIDENTIAL DRUG ABUSE PROGRAM IN FEDERAL PRISONS.

       Section 3621(e)(5)(A) of title 18, United States Code, is 
     amended by striking ``means a course of'' and all that 
     follows and inserting the following: ``means a course of 
     individual and group activities and treatment, lasting at 
     least 6 months, in residential treatment facilities set apart 
     from the general prison population (which may include the use 
     of pharmocotherapies, where appropriate, that may extend 
     beyond the 6-month period);''.

     SEC. 253. MEDICAL CARE FOR PRISONERS.

       Section 3621 of title 18, United States Code, is further 
     amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(g) Continued Access to Medical Care.--
       ``(1) In general.--In order to ensure a minimum standard of 
     health and habitability, the Bureau of Prisons shall ensure 
     that each prisoner in a community confinement facility has 
     access to necessary medical care, mental health care, and 
     medicine.
       ``(2) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `community 
     confinement' has the meaning given that term in the 
     application notes under section 5F1.1 of the Federal 
     Sentencing Guidelines Manual, as in effect on the date of the 
     enactment of the Second Chance Act of 2007.''.

     SEC. 254. CONTRACTING FOR SERVICES FOR POST-CONVICTION 
                   SUPERVISION OFFENDERS.

       Section 3672 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
     inserting after the third sentence in the seventh 
     undesignated paragraph the following: ``He also shall have 
     the authority to contract with any appropriate public or 
     private agency or person to monitor and provide services to 
     any offender in the community, including treatment, equipment 
     and emergency housing, corrective and preventative guidance 
     and training, and other rehabilitative services designed to 
     protect the public and promote the successful reentry of the 
     offender into the community.''.
                                 ______