[Congressional Record Volume 152, Number 122 (Tuesday, September 26, 2006)]
[House]
[Pages H7372-H7373]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
OPEN SPACE AND FARMLAND PRESERVATION ACT
Mr. GOODLATTE. Madam Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and pass
the bill (H.R. 5313) to reserve a small percentage of the amounts made
available to the Secretary of Agriculture for the farmland protection
program to fund challenge grants to encourage the purchase of
conservation easements and other interests in land to be held by a
State agency, county, or other eligible entity, and for other purposes.
The Clerk read as follows:
H.R. 5313
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Open Space and Farmland
Preservation Act''.
SEC. 2. ADDITIONAL TITLE-HOLDING OPTION UNDER FARMLAND
PROTECTION PROGRAM.
(a) Additional Title-Holding Option; Reservation of
Funds.--Section 1238I of the Farm Security Act of 1985 (16
U.S.C. 3838i) is amended by adding at the end the following
new subsection:
``(d) Option for Title to Be Held by Eligible Entity.--
``(1) Reservation of funds; purpose.--Of the funds made
available under section 1241(a)(4) for a fiscal year to carry
out this section, the Secretary shall reserve not less than
15 percent to make grants to support cooperative efforts by
an eligible State agency, a county, and one or more other
eligible entities to purchase conservation easements and
other interests in eligible land under subsection (a), the
title to which will be held by an eligible entity rather than
the United States.
``(2) Cost sharing.--Notwithstanding subsection (c)(1), the
share of the cost of purchasing a conservation easement or
other interest in eligible land borne by the United States
under this subsection shall not exceed 25 percent. The State
agency involved in the purchase shall contribute 25 percent
of the purchase price, the county involved in the purchase
shall contribute 25 percent of the purchase price, and the
other eligible entities involved in the purchase shall
contribute 25 percent of the purchase price.
``(3) Prohibition on use of grant funds.--Federal funds
made available under this subsection may not be used by grant
recipients for administrative purposes.''.
(b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a)
shall take effect on October 1, 2006.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the rule, the gentleman from
Virginia (Mr. Goodlatte) and the gentleman from Minnesota (Mr.
Peterson) each will control 20 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Virginia.
Mr. GOODLATTE. Madam Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may
consume.
Madam Speaker, urban sprawl continues to threaten the Nation's
farmland. Social and economic changes over the past three decades have
influenced the rate at which land is converted to nonagricultural uses.
Population growth, demographic changes, preferences for larger lots,
expansion of transportation systems, and economic prosperity have
contributed to increases in agricultural land conversion rates.
The amount of farmland lost to development is not the only
significant concern. Another cause for concern is the quality and
pattern of farmland being converted. In most States, prime farmland is
being converted at two to four times the rate of other, less-productive
agricultural land.
There continues to be an important national interest in the
protection of farmland. Land use devoted to agriculture provides an
important contribution to meeting the Nation's food and fiber needs,
environmental quality, protection of the Nation's historical and
archeological resources and scenic beauty.
The farmland protection program is administered by NRCS and provides
funds to State, tribal, and local governments and nongovernmental
organizations to help them purchase conservation easements from willing
sellers to limit conversion of farmland to nonagricultural uses.
The farmland protection program has received funding applications for
300 percent more dollars than the program was appropriated. The result
in fiscal year 2005 was $262 million in unfunded projects. There simply
weren't enough Federal dollars to match the number of applications to
preserve farmland.
H.R. 5313, the Open Space and Farmland Preservation Challenge Grant
Act, was introduced to aid in reducing the number of unfunded projects.
Currently, the farmland protection program provides up to a 50 percent
Federal match on these easement projects. By lowering the Federal match
on a small portion of farmland protection program funding, we believe
that less Federal funds can be used to protect more land.
The bill before us today, H.R. 5313, amends the Farm Security Act of
1985 to set aside 15 percent of farmland protection funds for cost-
share grants, 25 percent maximum Federal share, to support eligible
State agencies, county, and one or more eligible entities, local
government or private entities, to purchase conservation easements.
This bill allows Federal dollars to go further by lowering the
Federal match fund to a maximum of 25 percent and allowing other
entities to make up the other 75 percent. States where the State,
county, and local grassroots effort is strong can make better use of
increasingly limited dollars. For example, Pennsylvania, which has
great grassroots efforts to protect farmland, had the most unfunded
easement applications, 65 for fiscal year 2005, which accounted for
6,200 acres not being able to be put into this program. By being able
to use these reserved funds, more acres, with help from more groups,
can be protected.
There is no new spending authorized in this bill. It simply creates a
set-aside out of existing Federal farmland protection dollars. Any
funds not used will go back into the general disbursement of farmland
protection funds.
Madam Speaker, obviously, it is in this country's best interests to
protect some of its great farmland. This program is immensely popular
in many States, proven by the numbers of applications for the program
each year. States like Connecticut, with $14 million in projects that
could not be funded; Maryland had $17 million; Michigan, $22 million;
New Hampshire, $15 million; Ohio, $12 million; and Pennsylvania, $20
million. This bill gives States that have tremendous grassroots
organizations the ability to protect more farmland with less Federal
money.
I would like to thank the ranking member of the committee,
Congressman Peterson, for working with us on this matter, as well as
Congressman Gerlach, who introduced the measure, and Congressman Tim
Holden, a member of the committee, from Pennsylvania, who has
legislation addressing this issue.
Madam Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time
Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota. Madam Speaker, the farmland protection
program is an important program that helps farmers preserve their land
for the future and to combat urban sprawl.
The program works with State and local groups to purchase
conservation easements to ensure farmland is kept continually in
agricultural use for future generations.
I want to thank the chairman for recognizing the importance of
preserving open space and hope that we can continue to work together to
strengthen the Federal program in the next farm bill.
Madam Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. GOODLATTE. Madam Speaker, I am pleased to yield to the gentleman
from Pennsylvania (Mr. Gerlach) 3 minutes.
Mr. GERLACH. Madam Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 5313, the Open
Space and Farmland Preservation Act, a bill I introduced to strengthen
the Federal Farm and Ranch Lands Protection Program.
Under the bill, 15 percent of the funds made available for the
program would be reserved in order to make challenge
[[Page H7373]]
grants available to preserve the most threatened farmland, farmland in
States, counties, municipalities, or private entities all agree are
vital to preserve.
Simply put, if a State contributes 25 percent, a county contributes
25 percent, and a municipality or private entity contributes 25 percent
towards the preservation of eligible farmland, the effort would then be
eligible for a 25 percent Federal match.
I know that every, State, county, and municipality's commitment to
farmland preservation is different, but it is my hope that creating
this challenge grant will encourage more efforts at these levels of
government.
States like Pennsylvania and Pennsylvania's counties and
municipalities have invested heavily in preserving farmland. The
challenge grant created through H.R. 5313 would only help to encourage
other States in more local municipalities to follow this example and
compete for Federal dollars available through the challenge grant.
I also believe that this challenge grant will steer Federal resources
towards those projects already getting wide support from counties,
States, and municipalities, or private organizations. This ensures that
the increasingly limited Federal resources are being used to preserve
the most threatened farmland.
This is an important measure that will help preserve farmland and
open space in suburban and exurban communities. For residents of these
areas like my constituents in Pennsylvania's Sixth Congressional
District, preservation of open space and farmland is a quality of life
issue that can not be overlooked.
I want to thank Chairman Goodlatte and his staff for their efforts in
bringing this bill to the floor today, as well as the efforts of
Ranking Member Peterson. I would also like to thank my colleague,
Congressman Mark Kirk of Illinois, for his foresight and leadership in
the creation of the Suburban Agenda Caucus. His efforts and the efforts
of the leaders of the Caucus have helped shed light on the issues that
those of us in the suburban communities care deeply about.
Madam Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support H.R. 5313, the Open
Space and Farmland Preservation Act.
Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota. Madam Speaker, I yield back the balance of
my time.
Mr. GOODLATTE. Madam Speaker, at this time, I am pleased to yield 2
minutes to the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Kirk).
Mr. KIRK. Madam Speaker, I want to thank Congressman Jim Gerlach for
his leadership for the entire Nation in protecting suburban green and
open space.
Now, we all support the National Park System, and I believe the next
President should set a goal of doubling the National Park System. But
we also need to take action to protect more green and open space near
home.
{time} 1345
Without this bill, more green and open space would disappear in an
unending series of strip malls. In my own district, we just set aside
77 acres of Lake Michigan shoreline as part of a new park to preserve
habitat for all time. But we need to do more.
Under Congressman Gerlach's leadership, this bill became part of our
bipartisan suburban agenda to meet the education, health care,
conservation and economic needs of suburban families. This bill
advances those needs by making sure that we preserve more green and
open space in the suburbs.
In my own State of Illinois, we are losing over 41,000 acres of
farmland to development, 71 percent in suburban areas. The rate of
farmland loss in our State has increased over 130 percent in the 1990s.
This bill directly meets that need, and I want to thank Chairman
Goodlatte for moving this legislation that makes sure that suburban
families have more green and open space near home.
Mr. GOODLATTE. Madam Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion offered by the
gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Goodlatte) that the House suspend the
rules and pass the bill, H.R. 5313.
The question was taken; and (two-thirds having voted in favor
thereof) the rules were suspended and the bill was passed.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
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