[Congressional Record Volume 152, Number 80 (Tuesday, June 20, 2006)]
[House]
[Page H4319]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
POWER SHARING NEEDS BIPARTISAN ASSISTANCE
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a previous order of the House, the
gentleman from New York (Mr. Owens) is recognized for 5 minutes.
Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, power sharing and the Voting Rights Act will
be on the agenda tomorrow. The United States Voting Rights Act,
launched and guided by President Lyndon Johnson, was a front line
cutting-edge innovation in constitutional democratic government. The
turmoil and conflict of the civil rights struggle was brought to a high
level, successful, peaceful conclusion with the passage of the Voting
Rights Act.
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We could hold up to the world a new refinement in democratic
governance. That was in 1967. Today in 2006 we should take note of the
fact that the Government of Norway has established a new frontline for
democratic inclusiveness. Last January Norway passed a law mandating
that 40 percent of the board members of all major corporations, private
and public, must be women. This is a far-reaching and bold action;
however, it reflects a mushrooming trend toward the goal of a fair and
productive inclusiveness of all citizens in vital decision-making
processes. Norway is at one extreme, but there is a great deal between
Norway and our Voting Rights Act.
As we consider reauthorization of the Voting Rights Act, we should
look beyond our borders. A serious examination of the struggle for
democracy across the globe reveals that our American constitutional
democracy is not the final realization of the most perfect governance
structure that can be achieved. In fact, it may be that our American
democracy is now being eclipsed by more a sophisticated set of
mutations of constitutional democracy. Our way, born in 1776, may
within a few decades appear to be a crude, outdated approach to the
rule of law with justice for all.
As of this date, one-third of the world's democratic governments have
some form of mandates or incentives for promoting ethnic minority or
gender representation. Norway, with its 40 percent mandate for female
board representation on private company boards, may be way out there
ahead of other governments; nevertheless, many others recognize the
need to move out beyond the slow processes of tradition and the
prevailing power arrangements.
Denmark and Germany elect minorities in their respective countries
into regional and national Parliaments. In Iran ethnic minorities such
as Armenians and Jews have seats allocated for them in Parliament. The
Pakistan Government has provided for special representation for
minorities and women in Parliament. Burundi guarantees 40 percent of
the Parliament and Cabinet positions to the Tutsi minority and half the
positions in the army.
Advised by the United Nations, the Kosovo Parliament will be chosen
by direct elections with special arrangements for Serb and other
minority groups to be represented. Billions of United States dollars
have been spent in Kosovo to achieve this outcome.
In Iraq the United States advisers are insisting on an all-inclusive
government with the dominant majority Shiites sharing power with the
minority groups such as the Sunnis and the Kurds.
Our Voting Rights Act, which we are about to renew and extend, is
very much in harmony with an escalating international consensus which
emphasizes the fact that power sharing promotes good government and
peace. Shortsighted efforts to dilute the provisions of the Voting
Rights Act must be defeated. This act goes as far as our Constitution
will allow us in order to create opportunities for minority
representation. However, beyond the law the time has come for each of
the political parties to adopt platforms and positions which further
enhance the highly desirable goal of power sharing. Beyond opportunity
for minority representation, the Republican Party and the Democratic
Party should assume positions and take actions to discourage and remove
any roadblocks to the greatest possible amounts of power sharing at all
levels of government.
There is bipartisan agreement that Kosovo, Rwanda, and Iraq must have
power sharing. At home we can offer no less to our minorities. The
Voting Rights Act is our successful weapon of mass construction, mass
democratic construction. We must support the renewal of the Voting
Rights Act.
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