[Congressional Record Volume 152, Number 62 (Thursday, May 18, 2006)]
[House]
[Pages H2835-H2872]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[[Page H2835]]
House of Representatives
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, ENVIRONMENT, AND RELATED AGENCIES
APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2007--Continued
{time} 1700
Mr. MORAN of Virginia. Mr. Chairman, this amendment is legal, it is
simple, and it is fair. All we are asking is to preserve existing
contracts but that those firms that fail to renegotiate fairly would
then not be granted new oil or gas leases.
Not to accept this amendment is to take sides, is to choose to stand
by an industry that has posted the highest profits of any industry in
modern history by charging consumers about $50 every time they fill up
their gas tank. Those profits are coming from our constituents. And not
to support this amendment is to decide we are going to side against our
constituents. We are going to give up as much as $80 billion, $80
billion over the next 25 years. That is money that should be our
constituents' because it is their Federally owned land that the oil
companies are drilling on.
We have a responsibility to represent the American people before we
represent a very wealthy and profitable industry. And to decide that we
are going to figure out a way to let them continue with these contracts
that never should have been signed this way in the first place, that
gives up $80 billion of American taxpayers money, is wrong. It is
wrong.
It is wrong that our consumers are paying so much when these oil
companies are making tens of billions of dollars more than they have
ever made. Here is an opportunity, legal, fair and simple, to represent
the interests of our constituents, the American taxpayer.
To turn down this amendment is to choose one of the major political
contributors in this corrupt political system instead the interest of
our constituents.
Pass this amendment.
Mr. TAYLOR or North Carolina. I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
California (Mr. Doolittle).
Mr. DOOLITTLE. Mr. Chairman, I don't know why the Clinton/Gore
administration negotiated these leases. They do some rather
extraordinary things that there would be no built-in provision when the
price of oil reached a certain amount that you wouldn't start to pay
royalties.
I have read that substantial amounts of money were raised by the
Clinton administration and the Gore candidacy from the major oil
companies. Maybe that had something to do with it. I don't know.
All I know is it is wrong and to me it seems inherently unfair, and
to violate due process and equal protection of the law, to take people
who have current leases that are legal and say to them, we are not
going to allow you to bid on some leases over here unless you change
the leases you presently have. That is coercion. That is almost
extortion. And it is not the right of the government to behave in such
a fashion.
And I have heard asserted here that private companies can do that,
and I would question that. But the government is bound by the
provisions of the United States Constitution not to impair contracts,
not to deny equal process of the law, and to guarantee due process.
Therefore, I would urge defeat of this amendment.
Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Chairman, I just want to mention that we have an
administration now in the White House that is replete with oil
contacts; and the transition team that set up the energy policy of this
administration was made up entirely, except for one person, of people
from the oil companies. That is what needs to be dealt with.
I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Markey).
Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Hinchey-Markey
amendment. This amendment does absolutely nothing to any existing
contract. The oil companies signed a deal at $25 a barrel, royalty
relief complete. It goes to $50 a barrel, they still don't have to pay
royalties; $75 a barrel, they still don't have to pay royalties; $100 a
barrel, still no royalties. And we are not going to take that contract
away.
All we are saying is that if you are going to play Uncle Sam as Uncle
Sucker, then we are not going to allow you to have any new contracts,
because the American consumer is being shaken upside down and having
money shaken out of their pockets. Subsidizing the oil industry at $70
a barrel to drill for oil is like subsidizing fish to swim. You don't
have to do it.
President Bush said on April 19, I will tell you with $55 a barrel
oil we don't need incentives to oil and gas companies to explore, Bush
said in a speech to newspaper editors. There are plenty of incentives.
But here is the GOP, not the Grand Old Party, but Gas and Oil Party.
That is what they have turned into.
And by the way, last night they cut public health programs by $16
billion. They cut veterans programs by $8 billion. And where could the
money have come from? Well, another $10 billion from royalties. If Kerr
McGee wins their case, another $60 billion.
If you kicked the Republican budget in the heart, you would break
your toe. Keep the money, they say, in the hands of the oil companies.
Let them rake off all this money from the taxpayer. Cut the programs in
public health, in education, and for veterans, even as their own
president is saying they don't need these royalties.
So, ladies and gentlemen, we say keep those contracts, but you are
not getting any new contracts with our government if you are going to
keep these windfall profits. That is why you should vote for the
Hinchey-Markey amendment to send a message to the oil companies in our
country.
[[Page H2836]]
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
New Mexico (Mr. Pearce).
Mr. PEARCE. Mr. Chairman, we have heard a lot of talk here. I have
heard about a corrupt political system.
I would point out that I went to Russia, the Soviet Union, in about
1991. They are awash in petroleum. They are awash in enough petroleum
to change the price of the world price of petroleum significantly. But
they have a corrupt political system, and they can't even produce.
To claim that the American oil companies are somehow gaming the
system simply just doesn't wash. Oil is traded as a commodity. No
company is large enough to affect the price of oil. It is set
worldwide. The price of oil is set.
When I look at a demand curve from China, I see that the price of oil
is exactly mirroring China's increased demand through the last few
years. India is sitting out there requiring a lot of oil too.
For us to begin to talk about punishing people who are bringing a
product to the market when people desperately need it, and another
system, the Soviet system, cannot even get into the market at $70, in
which anyone should be able to get oil to the market at that price,
seems ludicrous; and it seems like we are not even talking in the
United States of America.
This is a free market economy. The price is set because of supply and
demand. We have arbitrarily limited the supply through our failure to
drill in ANWR. We are limiting the supply by not issuing BLM leases
throughout the Nation. This BLM today is issuing one-third fewer leases
than 5 to 10 years ago. Those are the reasons that we have a price that
is going up rather than down. It is a matter of supply and demand.
Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentlewoman
from Connecticut.
Ms. DeLAURO. Mr. Chairman, it is about families. It is about families
across this country who are wrestling with record-high gas prices. This
Congress not only has the obligation to do something; but with this
amendment, we have an opportunity to do something.
National average price of gasoline per gallon, double what it was
when President Bush took office. Oil executives making off with half
billion dollar retirement packages.
We can all agree that we have better things to do with as much as $80
billion of taxpayer money than giving it to the oil companies for
nothing in return.
$80 billion is how much the GAO says we could simply be giving away
to the oil companies over the next 25 years if we do not change the
royalty relief law.
Royalty relief is not without its purpose. Prices are low; royalty
relief can create a powerful incentive to remove more oil from the
ground.
Let's look at the prices. This is nothing more now with royalty
relief than a giveaway to those who least need it. One Shell official,
New York Times said the other day, under the current environment we
don't need royalty relief. They sure don't. ExxonMobil, $36 billion
last year. Record, historic. Shell, $22.9 billion.
It is about the people in our communities, the people that we
represent that are taking their savings and they are putting it in
their fuel tanks.
These folks are taking their money. They are dealing with their stock
options. They are paying down their debt, and they are taking high
salaries. It is time we took away this opportunity to do that.
And I will tell you that my colleagues on the other side that want to
talk about contracts, the Federal Government is given the right to
terminate contracts without cause. It is in contract law; it is called
the termination of convenience of the government. So we can do this.
Let's do it with this bill.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from Oklahoma (Mr. Boren).
Mr. BOREN. Mr. Chairman, the sponsors of this amendment suggest that
it will fix an error made by the Interior Department in failing to
include price thresholds for royalty relief in leases issued in 1998
and 1999.
The fact is, most companies pay their royalty obligations as they are
required. A very small number have disputed their obligations, and that
matter is under litigation.
Congress should let the legal system do its work and not meddle.
The oil and gas industry spends billions of dollars in this country
every year, providing good-paying jobs for Americans and providing
energy to fuel this massive economy.
The Gulf of Mexico is one of the most attractive investment
opportunities in the world right now, and it is in our best interest to
keep it that way.
If we adopt this amendment, we will send a signal that the United
States does not abide by its contracts and obligations.
In this time of high prices and unrest in oil markets, the last thing
we should do is limit our access to our domestic resources.
If companies holding 1998 and 1999 leases are, in effect, precluded
from participating in the 2007 sale, it will impair the domestic oil
and gas supply chain. At a time of record-high energy costs and an
uncertain global market, we need to encourage our domestic companies to
invest here at home, not shut them out of the process.
Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues to oppose this amendment that is
full of unintended consequences and is wrong for America.
Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman
from Arizona (Mr. Grijalva).
Mr. GRIJALVA. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Hinchey
amendment. This amendment is a fair and fiscally responsible way to fix
a huge problem in our country.
Because of mistakes made in lease agreements in the 1990s and other
subsidies contained in last year's Energy Policy Act, we currently are
allowing energy companies, who already are reaping huge profits, to
take oil and gas from our public lands and waters without paying any
return to the taxpayer.
The situation as it currently stands will result in the loss of many
billions of dollars in revenue.
So while our constituents suffer from skyrocketing gas and home
heating prices, oil companies are able to take publicly owned resources
for free.
Both oil company executives and the President said that there is no
need for incentives because oil prices are so high, to encourage
companies to drill for new sources.
Yet, this Republican leadership has thus far failed to take any
action to address the situation.
Energy companies should willingly come forward to renegotiate the
leases in question. They should refuse more subsidies. To continue to
benefit so much from mistakes made in the 1990s and to take subsidies
when they are not needed is corporate irresponsibility at its worst.
My constituents are angry about taxpayer handouts to an industry
awash in cash. This amendment is a fair way to deal with an issue that
is currently defying common sense and fiscal responsibility.
Vote ``yes'' for the Hinchey amendment, and in that way, protect our
consumers and in that way respect the hardworking American taxpayers.
Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield for the purpose of making a
unanimous consent request to the gentleman from Washington (Mr. Dicks).
(Mr. DICKS asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Hinchey amendment.
As I understand the situation, because of the price of crude oil,
energy companies have made profits over the last three years totaling
more than $125 billion. Exxon alone had profits in one quarter last
year of $9.9 billion and are estimated to have had a profit of $36
billion in a single year.
A portion of those profits--about $7 billion according to the New
York Times--came because of an administrative error made by the Mine
and Minerals Service. At issue is a set of oil and gas leases entered
into during the 1990's when oil was selling for $10 a barrel. As an
incentive for oil companies to drill, the U.S. government said it would
waive its right to royalty payments if oil prices remained low. These
royalty forgiveness leases also, however, typically had a clause that
said if oil exceeds $35 per barrel, the deal is off and you have to pay
the royalty.
The error occurred in about 1000 leases when, evidently by accident,
the $35 cancellation clause was not included. This small clerical error
has created an enormous windfall
[[Page H2837]]
estimated at, as I said, $7 billion over the next five years. GAO
estimates that this problem could result in the loss $60 billion over
the next 25 years in lost royalties.
This amendment merely calls on these companies to renegotiate in good
faith to include the proviso included in all other leases. It does not
actually void any lease. On the other hand it does say that if a
company does not want to be a good citizen, the government may not want
to do business with you in the future.
I don't know all the legalities of contract law in this case or the
issues of constitutionality. But I think the amendment does nothing
more than try to recover $7 billion of excess profits which this
country needs and--the oil companies don't. I urge adoption.
{time} 1715
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from Kansas (Mr. Tiahrt).
Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from North Carolina
for yielding.
I rise in opposition to Mr. Hinchey's amendment because it does not
follow sound logic or the rule of law. Basically what we are saying in
this amendment is that if you are out there with a lease today that has
a provision that was put in place by the Clinton administration in the
Outer Continental deepwater area, then you cannot have any future
leases. So if you have made a deal, you have signed a contract, and you
are out there producing product that is helping us keep our gas prices
from going completely through the roof instead of just high like they
are now, then you cannot do that any more unless you break your
existing contract.
I think this is commonly referred to as blackmail. If you do not do
this, then we are going to make you suffer. And under this amendment,
an oil company who in good faith entered into a contract with the
Clinton administration to produce a product when nobody else was
willing to do it, and you entered into that contract in good faith, we
are going to punish you for that unless you completely absolve yourself
of that contract and start paying more money to the Federal Government.
Personally, in the private sector nobody gets a free ride on
royalties, and I do not think anybody should produce a product without
paying royalties if it is natural gas or if it is crude oil. Any place
in Kansas where we have been drilling for oil and gas for over 100
years, we pay royalties. But that is really not the point here. The
point is the Clinton administration made these agreements and are we
going to allow, as the Federal Government, them to abide by that
contract or are we just going to blackmail them into doing something
totally different?
I think we should vote down this amendment, that we should honor the
contracts that we have made, whether it was with the Clinton
administration or the Bush administration, and not blackmail people who
are just trying to produce a product, something that we greatly need.
So oppose the Hinchey amendment and let us move on.
Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentlewoman from
New York (Mrs. Maloney).
Mrs. MALONEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Hinchey
amendment. The Hinchey amendment is about fairness, common sense, and
doing what is right.
It merely states that the oil companies should renegotiate their
leases to pay a fair price, a market price, on oil and gas that is
owned by the American people or they do not get any other leases.
Our constituents, Americans, are suffering under high gas prices. The
oil companies have record profits. The only fair thing to do is to
renegotiate these windfall leases that are sweetheart deals. The New
York Times estimates that at a minimum, renegotiating these leases will
bring $7 billion over the next 5 years.
Last night many of my colleagues on the other side of the aisle voted
to cut student loans, seniors, veterans, many areas. Support this
amendment so that money will be in the budget so that we can fund
things instead of giving more profits to the oil companies. It is
absolutely wrong. Support this amendment.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the
balance of my time.
Mr. Chairman, I like a good demagoging just like anybody else, but
this is not terribly relevant to everything we have said here to this
bill or what has actually happened.
Mr. Miller a little while ago made an analogy to a loan that could be
changed from time to time. The problem is if you have got a 4 percent
rate for 10 years fixed and the bank comes along and says, it has been
5 years and I want to take that up to 8 percent, you are going to say
forget you, I have got a contract that keeps me at 4 percent for 10
years, not 5. And then the courts are going to uphold what you are
saying. Also if you say, well, I have got a way here where I can
blackmail you and you will come across, the court is going to come down
on you like a ton of bricks.
Now, we could do that that the gentleman suggests, but the problem is
we are going to spend lots of money, the courts are going to uphold the
law because the Constitution and the law are still in place in this
country.
Now, a lot of people might not want it to be. I cannot remember and
do not know why the Clinton-Gore administration overlooked this and did
not put a rate after the rates rose a certain number and royalties were
beginning to flow, but they did not. Now, that was caught and after
that any drilling in that area is going to pay a royalty.
We have got a small period of time. We cannot do anything about it.
If I sell my car for $200 and then later find out it is worth $600 and
I have signed a contract, we have a law that says I have got to sell
that car for $200. And if I try to get around that, I will pay twice
because I will pay all my legal fees, I will pay any sort of penalties,
any blackmail money, and I will still lose my car for $200.
So that is pretty much where we are now, and I would say we need to
vote against this. We do not want to waste any more money from the
mistake that was made in 1998 and 1999.
Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the Hinchey
royalty relief amendment and am proud to be included as a cosponsor.
When the original deep water royalty relief legislation was on the
House floor in 1995, I opposed it and said that it was ``an early
Christmas'' for big oil.
Eleven years later, the holiday has never ended and royalty relief
keeps on giving ever-bigger gifts.
We were assured by the champions of royalty relief that the 1995 act
was a miraculous piece of legislation that would end up making money
for the taxpayers by giving away publicly owned oil as an incentive for
drilling.
But the concept of paying big oil companies to do what they would do
anyway did not make any sense then and it makes even less sense now.
Simply put, the taxpayer should not continue to massively subsidize an
industry reaping the benefits of record prices and swimming in profits.
According to a recent estimate by the GAO, deep water royalty relief
under the 1995 act will cost the taxpayers between $20 billion and $80
billion over the next 25 years, depending upon the outcome of an
industry lawsuit.
Thankfully, today we have an opportunity to adopt the Hinchey
amendment and put a halt to this fiscal rip-off.
This carefully crafted amendment provides an incentive for the major
oil and gas companies which were granted royalty-free leases under the
Clinton administration--companies such as ExxonMobil, Shell, and
others--to renegotiate those leases to include a price cap on royalty
relief. The companies may choose not to do so, but would then not be
eligible for new OCS leases.
Mr. Chairman, there is a lot of false bravado and empty rhetoric in
this Chamber when it comes to reducing the budget deficit. But this
amendment is the real deal. Let's stand up for the taxpayers and adopt
it.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance
of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from New York (Mr. Hinchey).
The question was taken; and the Chairman announced that the noes
appeared to have it.
Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, further proceedings
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from New York will be
postponed.
Amendment No. 6 Offered by Mr. Rahall
Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
[[Page H2838]]
Amendment No. 6 offered by Mr. Rahall:
At the end of the bill (before the short title) insert the
following new section:
SEC. ___. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR SALE OR SLAUGHTER OF
FREE-ROAMING HORSES AND BURROS.
None of the funds made available by this Act may be used
for the sale or slaughter of wild free-roaming horses and
burros (as defined in Public Law 92-195).
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the
gentleman from West Virginia (Mr. Rahall) and a Member opposed each
will control 10 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from West Virginia.
Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Chairman, this amendment has been passed unanimously
by this House in previous years, including last year.
Mr. Chairman, last year the House voted 249 to 159 to adopt my
amendment to end the sale and slaughter of wild horses and burros. I
ask the House today to reaffirm the stand it took to protect these
icons of America's western heritage.
Earlier this year the Nevada State Quarter was issued by the U.S.
Mint. Now, Nevada is known as the ``Silver State.''
However, if you look on the back of the quarter, you will not see a
picture of a silver mine. No, what the good people of Nevada chose as
the representation of their state was a wild horse.
Nevadans are rightly proud of the heritage of their wild horses. It
is unfortunately a heritage at risk because of a legislative rider
inserted into an Appropriations bill in the dead of night in late 2004
that puts thousands of wild horses and burros in danger of ending up on
dining tables overseas.
We need to stop the slaughter of wild horses and burros not only
because it is morally wrong but also because the program itself is a
failure.
As a result of this failure, 41 wild horses have been slaughtered and
thousands more face an uncertain fate.
While the Bureau of Land Management may have good intentions to
prevent sales for slaughter, the legislative rider that created this
problem in the first place severely handicaps any such effort.
Make no mistake about it, more wild horses and burros will end up
slaughtered. After all, if the purpose of the legislative rider was to
only sell off these animals to good homes, why was the long-standing
prohibition on slaughter removed from the law.
According to the BLM's own statistics, the agency has approximately
the same number of wild horse and burros in the sale program today as
when the program started. For each one the agency has sold, another one
has been added to take its place.
BLM has resorted to sending out letters to public land ranchers
pleading with them to buy a horse. It has teamed up with a private
entity to offer limited financial incentives to purchasers. These are
not the actions of a sound program but the desperate attempts to
implement and unwise and unsound policy.
Mr. Chairman, the wild horse and burro program is a failure both
morally and administratively. We can and must do a better job of
protecting these magnificent creatures. It is time to sheath the sword
that hangs over these animals.
I urge the adoption of my amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I yield for the purpose of making a unanimous consent
request to the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Moran).
(Mr. MORAN of Virginia asked and was given permission to revise and
extend his remarks.)
Mr. MORAN of Virginia. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to support this
amendment to help save a national treasure--the wild horse.
The wild horse is known throughout the world as a symbol of the
American West and we should be doing everything we can to protect it.
In the 1800s, more than 2 million wild horses roamed the American
West. Today, that number is down to 35,000.
Due to a provision slipped into the 2004 omnibus appropriations bill,
the sale of any wild horse that has been rounded up and is more than 10
years old is now allowed. This language was placed into law without any
hearings or public debate.
This rider removed protections under the Wild Free Roaming Horse and
Burro Act, which was passed in 1971 after the public demanded that
something be done after the shooting of hundreds of thousands of horses
and burros for pet food and meat in European restaurants.
Already, at least 41 horses have lost their lives due to this
irresponsible language, and the lives of 8,400 horses now being held by
the Bureau of Land Management are in jeopardy.
This is an inhumane slaughter against these majestic animals, and
there is no need for it to continue.
There are other options we can explore.
The Bureau of Land Management could reopen over 100 herd management
areas or use animal contraception methods to keep the size of the herds
manageable.
There is simply no reason for these horses to be slaughtered for use
as meat in other countries.
The American public want the wild horses protected. In my district
alone, countless constituents have asked me to stop this senseless
slaughter.
The horse is more than just an animal to our country. It is a beloved
literary figure, a character in a movie or television show, a symbol of
adventure, a friend of the cowboy, and an important part of our
history.
Poet and author Pam Brown says, ``A horse is the projection of
people's dreams about themselves--strong, powerful, and beautiful--and
it has the capability of giving us an escape from our mundane
existence.''
I cannot say it any better, and encourage all of my colleagues to
support this amendment and help save the wild horse.
Protect America's Wild Horses
After 34 years, protections for wild horses from sale to
slaughter were removed through an omnibus rider. No bill, no
hearings, no debate. Late in 2004 (and late into the night),
Senator Conrad Burns (R-MT) attached this highly
controversial rider to the omnibus appropriations bill. The
amendment, passed with no hearings or public review, reversed
longstanding federal policy of protecting wild horses from
being sold at auctions and subsequently shipped to slaughter
plants. Representatives Nick J. Rahall (D-WV), Ed Whitfield
(R-KY), John Sweeney (R-NY), and John Spratt (D-SC) will
offer the Rahall-Whitfield-Sweeney-Spratt Wild Horse
Amendment to the FY 2007 Interior Appropriations bill. Just
last year, the House overwhelmingly approved an identical
amendment, as well as another similar appropriations
amendment to prohibit horse slaughter, but the Department of
Agriculture has thwarted Congress's will and used private
funding to enable the grisly slaughter of horses to continue.
``A public outcry has again begun across the United States
over the change in law that now allows the commercial sale
and slaughter of these animals, `` said Rahall. ``We need to
act before it is too late for thousands of these animals.''
It is already too late for 41 mustangs. On April 15, 2005,
six horses were purchased by Oklahoman Dustin Herbert. Only
three days later, these horses were sent directly to a
foreign-owned slaughter plant in Illinois. Mr. Herbert told
the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) that he intended to use
the horses for a church youth program. Another 35 were killed
at the same slaughter plant one week later after being traded
unwittingly by the Rosebud Sioux Tribe soon after they were
sold by BLM. By pure chance, another 52 were snatched from
the slaughterplant line in a last minute effort to preserve
their lives by fast-thinking officials. We have graphic
evidence in hand now that sale authority is not a workable
solution.
Horse slaughter is fundamentally inhumane. The cruelty of
horse slaughter is not limited to the slaughter itself.
Economic rather than humane considerations dictate transport
conditions, as horses are shipped in crowded trucks,
frequently over long distances, and are typically given no
food, water or rest. The truck ceilings are so low that
horses are not able to hold their heads in a normal, balanced
position. Heavily pregnant horses, horses with broken limbs,
and horses missing one or both eyes may be legally shipped
for many days to slaughter. Inappropriate floor surfaces
cause slips and falls, and sometimes even trampling. Some
horses arrive at the slaughter house seriously injured or
dead. Horses are required to be rendered unconscious prior to
slaughter, usually with a captive bolt pistol, which shoots a
metal rod into the horse's brain. Some horses are improperly
stunned and still conscious when they are shackled and
hoisted by a rear leg to have their throats cut. In addition,
conditions in the slaughterhouse are stressful and
frightening for horses. Death at the slaughterhouse is not a
humane end for horses. All three of the remaining horse
slaughterhouses in the United States are foreign-owned.
Congress acknowledged this in the strong, bipartisan votes
cast on the FY2006 interior and agriculture appropriations
bills in both the House and Senate (House Interior 249-159;
House Agriculture 269-158; Senate Agriculture 69-28), yet the
United States Department of Agriculture undermined the will
of Congress by constructing a private payment system
specifically to enable the continuation of this brutal
practice.
The number of horses in the US is dwindling. In the 1800s,
over two million wild horses roamed the American West. When
Congress passed the Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burro Act
(WFRHBA), there were 60,000. Today, the combined number of
wild horses and burros is approximately 35,000. That
represents a nearly 50% reduction of wild horses out on the
range since Congress passed federal legislation to protect
them. The entire wild horse and burro populations of six
western states have been completely eradicated.
Wild horses and burros have been federally protected for
decades. In 1971, Congress
[[Page H2839]]
passed the WFRHBA in response to enormous public outcry over
the shootings of hundreds of thousands of horses and burros
and the slaughter of horses for pet food and human
consumption in European restaurants. The Burns rider removed
crucial protection under the WFRHBA by requiring that the BLM
sell wild horses over the age of ten or those offered for
adoption more than three times. The lives of 8,400 horses now
being held by BLM--and more in the future--are in jeopardy
due to this controversial rider and the law must be changed.
BLM's current removal policy is costing taxpayers over $39
million a year. According to the U.S. Geological Service,
$7.7 million could be saved annually through the use of
contraceptive measures alone. Since 1988, seveeral wild horse
populations have been controlled under pilot programs using a
contraceptive vaccine (PZP) developed with the help of The
Humane Society of the United States. Additionally, there are
other, less expensive alternatives available. A 1990 GAO
Report states that, ``[r]educing authorized grazing levels
would likely be cheaper than wild horse removals to achieve
the same reduction in forage consumption.''
Cattle outnumber wild horses and burros at least 100 to 1
on public lands. BLM's private livestock grazing program
encompasses 214 million acres of public lands and costs over
$130 million to manage annually. Over 4 million head of
private cattle enjoy subsidized grazing on public lands. A
congressionally-mandated study by the National Academy of
Sciences found that, in one year, livestock consumed 70% of
grazing resources on public lands, while wild horses and
burros consumed less than 5%. The WFRHBA mandates that wild
horses and burros be provided 47 million acres of public
lands on 303 herd areas. Since 1971, the BLM has reduced the
number of herd areas to 201, taking approximately 13 million
acres of land from these federally protected animals.
Horses are not crusing rangeland degradation. The 1990 GA0
study detemined that (1) the primary cause of rangeland
degradation is poorly managed domestic livestock grazing, (2)
wild horse removals have not demonstrably improved range
conditions, (3) wild horse behavior patterns make them less
damaging than cattle to vulnerable range areas, and (4) wild
horse removals are occurring in some locations not being
damaged by widespread overgrazing (GAO/RCED-90-110, Rangeland
Management--Improvements Needed in Federal Wild Horse
Program).
Americans want wild horse protection. Support for the
Rahall-Whitfield-Sweeney-Spratt Amendment to protect our
cherished wild horses crosses all social, cultural, and
political boundaries. When it was revealed that wild horses
had been sent to slaughter since the enactment of the Burns'
rider (with widespread media coverage in Peole Magazine, CNN,
MSNBC, and dozens of papers across the country), Americans
made sure their voices were heard, resulting in BLM
temporarily suspending their sales program. Without the
passage of protective legislation, sales will resume.
The answer is simple. There is no need to sell off and
slaughter America's Western heritage. With the millions of
acres of public land in the US, we can surely make room for
35,000 horses. Americans do not wish to have their tax
dollars spent on the sale and slaughter of this last living
icon of our American heritage.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, we accept this amendment.
Mr. SWEENEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in support of the Rahall-
Whltfleld-Sweeney-Spratt Amendment, which bans the sale and slaughter
of wild free-roaming horses. I am pleased to state this exact same
amendment passed the House last year with overwhelming support with a
vote of 249-159.
As my colleagues have stated, a measure was snuck into the FY05
Omnibus Appropriations bill to allow wild horses to be slaughtered for
human consumption overseas. The provision to allow the sale and
slaughter of wild horses was underhanded and wrong.
When Congress unanimously passed the Wild Free-Roaming Horse and
Burro Act of 1971, it established a policy to protect wild horses from
capture, harassment, and death. BLM responsibly carried out this
mission for 33 years, before the statute was secretly changed 2 years
ago. Americans have clearly made their voices heard that these wild
horses must be protected.
This amendment is a responsible solution to this problem. The passage
of this amendment would prevent BLM from selling horses--and close the
loophole on slaughter.
Since BLM began the sale of wild horses, a number of horses have been
purchased and slaughtered. This has generated a massive public outcry.
In response to this, BLM temporarily suspended its sale program, with
the intent to resume the sale shortly. Mr. Speaker, this is not
enough--it is urgent we pass this amendment and end this practice now.
The slaughter of wild horses is indicative of the larger overall
problem of horse slaughter. Last year, 90,000 American horses were
slaughtered in this country and served as meals in restaurants in
Europe and Asia. That is why I'm fighting for the passage of my
legislation, the American Horse Slaughter Prevention Act, H.R. 503,
which bans the slaughter of ANY horse for human consumption.
In addition to this same amendment last year, I also offered an
amendment to the FY06 Agriculture Appropriation's Bill to temporarily
suspend this horrific act. Although our amendment had enormous public
support and overwhelmingly passed both chambers, the USDA defied the
will of Congress by granting a petition allowing a fee-for-service
option submitted by three foreign-owned horse slaughter plants to
circumvent the ban.
I am pleased to hear that I may finally get my stand-alone
legislation, H.R. 503, addressed in committee so we aren't forced to do
these stop-gap measures each year. I appreciate our Leadership and
Chairman Barton reviewing the need for this legislation. I look forward
to working with you as we address this cruel topic.
Horse Slaughter is not humane euthanasia--it is a malicious, painful
end for these animals. Americans don't eat horses, nor do we raise them
for human consumption. This amendment will right a wrong and is a
positive step forward in our ultimate goal of ending the slaughter of
horses in the United States for human consumption overseas.
Mr. LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Chairman, I regret that I could not be
present today because of a family medical emergency and I would like to
submit this statement for the Record in support of the amendment
offered by Representative Rahall to protect wild, free-roaming horses
and burros from commercial slaughter.
Since 1971 when Congress passed the Wild Free-Roaming Horses and
Burros Act, the federal government has ensured the protection of wild
mustangs and burros roaming on public lands. Unfortunately, in 2004, a
controversial rider rolling back these protections was slipped into the
massive omnibus appropriations bill for fiscal year 2005. Congress must
act to right this wrong. We owe it to the next generation to preserve a
piece of American heritage--to protect our wild and free horses. As
cosponsor of H.R. 297--the bill upon which this amendment is based, I
urge my colleagues to support the Rahall amendment and reinstate the
humane and appropriate protection of wild, free-roaming horses and
burros.
Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from West Virginia (Mr. Rahall).
The amendment was agreed to.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Gordon
Mr. GORDON. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Gordon:
At the end of the bill, before the short title, insert the
following:
TITLE VI--ADDITIONAL GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 601. None of the funds made available by this Act
shall be used in contravention of the Federal buildings
performance and reporting requirements of Executive Order
13123, part 3 of title V of the National Energy Conservation
Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 8251 et seq.), or subtitle A of title I
of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (including the amendments
made thereby).
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant of the order of the House of today, the
gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Gordon) and a Member opposed each will
control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Tennessee.
Mr. GORDON. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, the Federal Government wastes $250 million a year by
not enforcing its conservation statutory requirements in its Federal
buildings. I do not think we can ask the American public to do adequate
conservation if we are not going to do it ourselves.
My amendment simply requires the Interior Department to follow the
law.
Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance of my time.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, the amendment requires
Federal agencies to comply with the requirements of an Executive Order
that deals with instituting energy efficiency improvements in Federal
buildings and reporting on progress in that regard.
We have no objection to the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Gordon).
The amendment was agreed to.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Chabot
Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
[[Page H2840]]
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Chabot:
At the end of the bill (before the short title), insert the
following:
Sec. __. None of the funds made available in this Act may
be used to plan, design, study, or construct, for the purpose
of harvesting timber by private entities or individuals, a
forest development road in the Tongass National Forest.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the
gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Chabot) and the gentleman from North Carolina
(Mr. Taylor) each will control 10 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Ohio.
Mr. CHABOT. I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, since 1982 the Forest Service has lost $850 million
subsidizing private timber in the Tongass National Forest. That is a
$40 million annual loss. If anyone wonders why our national debt is as
large as it is, and it is currently $8.3 trillion, by the way, one
needs to look no farther than taxpayer boondoggles like this one. They
really add up.
The Tongass National Forest was established in 1907 by President
Theodore Roosevelt. It is America's largest forest, about the size of
West Virginia. Located along Alaska's southeastern coast, it is often
referred to as ``America's Rainforest'' and is home to abundant
wildlife: bald eagles, grizzly bears, wolves, and salmon; as well as
old growth trees such as the giant Sitka spruce, western hemlock, and
yellow cedar.
There are thousands of miles of roads in the Tongass right now. The
Forest Service acknowledges that existing roads are ``sufficient to
satisfy local demand for roaded recreation, subsistence, community
connectivity needs and demands in most districts.'' Yet year after year
the Forest Service spends millions of tax dollars building roads for
private timber companies that by the agency's own admission are not
really necessary. To make matters worse, the Forest Service has a
nationwide road maintenance backlog of about $10 billion, tens of
millions of which are in the Tongass. Incredibly, the Forest Service is
not maintaining existing roads; yet they want to build more, even
though they admit there are enough already.
The timber program is not a profitable business in the Tongass the
way the Forest Service is currently running it. Nobody argues this. The
Forest Service concedes that 90 to 95 percent of all existing timber
sale contracts in the Tongass are unprofitable. Nearly half of Tongass
timber contracts go unsold. Of those that are sold, the majority have
only a single bidder, resulting in a bargain basement, discounted sale.
Mr. Chairman, this is a simple, straightforward amendment. It would
simply prohibit the Forest Service from building logging roads for
timber companies subsidized by the American taxpayer in the Tongass. It
does not prevent the Forest Service from building roads to connect
communities, to provide recreation, or to otherwise manage the forest.
It does not stop timber companies from building their own roads. I know
that there are some who want you to believe differently, but this
amendment has nothing to do with the roadless rule. It has everything
to do with good government.
Opponents of this amendment will argue that the massive losses in the
Tongass are due to litigation, that taxpayer dollars are ending up in
the pockets of trial lawyers. Mr. Chairman, I am not often accused of
being a darling of the trial lawyers.
As some may know, the Freedom of Information Act request was filed
with the Forest Service in 2002. Although the request was to be for the
years ranging from 1991 to 2001, the Forest Service could only provide
numbers from 1998 to 2001. During that time the Forest Service spent
$121 million on its timber program. Litigation costs amounted to $1.6
million. That means only 2 percent of the total cost were spent on
appeals and litigation. Just 2 percent.
Opponents of this amendment will say that the National Environmental
Policy Act requirements also increase costs, and they are right. The
NEPA process needs reform, and I supported legislation to do this, as
many of us have. But whether we like it or not, NEPA is on the books.
To gouge taxpayers year after year and justify it by pointing to
burdensome environmental requirements is just wrong.
Some say this amendment is an attempt to take away jobs in Alaska. It
is not. In fact, as timber subsidies have increased, timber-related
jobs have decreased. Taxpayer subsidies per Tongass timber job have
risen from $12,000 in 1996 to over $150,000 per job now. Think of that.
Every job, $150,000 in taxpayer subsidy for that one job.
Finally, according to a 2003 National Forest Service publication,
there is enough timber available off the current road system of the
Tongass to meet demand for several years.
Mr. Chairman, let us restore some fiscal sanity to the Tongass timber
program. I urge my colleagues to stand up for the American taxpayers
and support this amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the
gentleman from California (Mr. Pombo).
Mr. POMBO. Mr. Chairman, I thank the chairman for yielding.
The Chabot amendment is not about fiscal responsibility. The costs
within this program, the cost of appeals and litigation, attempts by
the agency to bulletproof all of its documents from those lawsuits
amounts to 75 percent of the cost of running the program within the
agency. In fact, if you took out those costs that are incurred because
of lawsuits, the litigation, the appeals, and attempts by the agency to
bulletproof their environmental documents, the Tongass forest sales
would actually produce a 13 percent profit margin.
In an effort to gain support from fiscal conservatives, some group
called the Taxpayers for Common Sense has tried to couch this as a
fiscal argument, and again 75 percent of the costs are brought in by
many of the same groups that are supporting this amendment. These
outside groups, because they have not been able to achieve their goals
legislatively of completely devastating the forest program and
eliminating any kind of timber sales, have now tried to do it in this
manner, in bringing it before the appropriations bill and trying to
limit the ability.
{time} 1730
Again, if you look at the actual cost in this entire program, 75
percent of the costs associated with these timber sales are because of
the NEPA reviews, the appeals and the litigation. Only 25 percent is
the actual cost of preparing the sale.
Yes, I guess if you run up enough lawsuits, if you appeal all of
those lawsuits, if you continue to badger the Forest Service, you can
run up the cost to make this program unprofitable. But this is a long
debate we have had in this House; and trying to couch this as a fiscal
debate, I believe, is just a smokescreen over what the true intention
of most of these outside groups is, and that is just to try to
eliminate the timber program completely.
So I urge a ``no'' vote on the Chabot-Andrews amendment.
Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as he might consume to
the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Andrews).
Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Chairman, I thank my friend for yielding. It is my
pleasure and honor to offer this amendment with him, and urge our
colleagues to vote ``yes.''
Mr. Chairman, the question in this amendment is whether or not the
public should pay to build more roads in the Tongass National Forest. I
think the answer is no. I think the answer is no for three reasons:
First, building more roads would further put at risk what is truly a
treasure, a jewel in the National Forest system. Environmentally, I
think it simply makes no sense to build more of these roads.
Second, it is a terrible investment for the taxpayers. Since 1982,
the taxpayers have expended $850 million more than we have taken in in
revenues from this investment. In fiscal year 2005 alone, the taxpayer
cost was nearly $49 million, and the taxpayer revenue was about
$500,000. I don't know any of my constituents who would make an
investment of $49 million in a business that is only going to return
$500,000 on the investment.
Finally, building more roads in the Tongass National Forest is an
unnecessary idea when it comes to the jobs
[[Page H2841]]
that are involved. I think that we always should be involved and
concerned about the jobs of any of our fellow citizens, no matter where
they are, in what region. But the fact of the matter is, the roads that
already exist in the Tongass National Forest open up an area of that
forest that would permit the harvesting of those trees for years and
years and years to come. A substantial amount of the trees that could
be harvested in that section of the forest already open to roads have
not yet been harvested.
So I would urge our colleagues in both political parties to vote
``yes'' in order to preserve an important national environmental
treasure, in order to continue with the jobs that are presently going
on there, and, most importantly, to protect the wallets of our
taxpayers. For every $100 that we spend to run the Federal Government,
we only bring in $75 worth of revenue. We need to start to reduce what
we spend. This is a great place to do that. I would urge my colleagues
to vote ``yes.''
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the
gentleman from Alaska (Mr. Young).
(Mr. YOUNG of Alaska asked and was given permission to revise and
extend his remarks.)
Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Chairman, it is no surprise, of course, that
I am adamantly opposed to this sneaky amendment offered by two people
that don't know what they are talking about, have never known what they
are talking about, deal not with what they are talking about, and will
never know what they are talking about.
The Alaskan rainforest, as you gentlemen recognize, is as big as
Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island combined,
including New Jersey.
I am sure you will be happy to know that we have 19 designated sites
of wilderness in that area, a national monument that takes up 35
percent of the forest. Seventy-eight percent of the Tongass is slated
for roadless areas already. All I am saying is what this is attempting
to do is put the last remaining small group of Alaskans out of work.
Ironically, the two gentlemen that are offering this amendment are
crying about outsourcing: My God, we are losing jobs. They are going
overseas. But here we are in Congress taking away the jobs of my
Alaskan constituents. That is the thing that probably disturbs me the
most about this, is we had a forest of 21 million acres, 21 million
acres. And we were told in this body in 1980 that we will only lock up
all of it but 2 million acres and you will have those acres to actually
retain a timber industry and have your people work. And now we are down
to 1,000 acres, and you want to take that away.
And you say we don't need the roads. That is not what the Forest
Service says. They say we need these roads if we are going to harvest
the timber. They will put up the sales. Who is going to bid it, if they
can't get the timber?
That is true. Anybody that debates that, you better understand it,
because what is happening here is you are trying to put the last
remaining, the last remaining few Alaskans that are trying to make a
very meager living, 300 people, 300 jobs, take it away from them for
the environmentalists. It has nothing to do with taxes.
By the way, I hope you understand, my good friends that are offering
this amendment, I was precluded from offering an amendment to the
amendment today because of the unanimous consent; but if this amendment
is adopted, I will offer the same amendment to the forests in Ohio,
which loses money every year, a large sum; to New Jersey, if you have
national forests; and to the areas in New Hampshire. Every area, every
person that votes for this amendment, there will be an amendment next
year on this bill to do the exact same thing. Because if we are going
to be true to ourselves, if you are talking about fiscal
responsibility, then you will step up to the plate and take your
forests and make sure they are under the same category.
Unless you are saying, All right, it is just Alaska. He is way away.
It is just his district. On a personal note, none of you in this body
has ever seen me address anybody's one district, because I believe in
the representative form of government. Representative form of
government. If it is your district and it is what you want and in your
district. I will support that. If you don't want it, I will support
that.
But to have two Members of this House, and, yes, it is bipartisan,
and I shall not forget that, to come and attack a single Member and his
total district, to take away the jobs of his people, I say is wrong.
And each one of you think about this in this room: this should be
representative form of government, and what you are doing is dead
wrong, and I shall not forget it.
Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I might
consume.
Mr. Chairman, just a couple of points I would make. First of all, it
certainly is not an attack on any Member of this body nor an attack on
any State. I would just note that those jobs that are being paid for
and the $48 million paid out last year alone, those tax dollars come
from New Jersey and they come from Ohio and they come from
Pennsylvania.
Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. CHABOT. I will be happy to yield to the gentleman from Alaska.
Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. That $48 million went to the Forest Service. It
didn't go to my 300 civilians. It went to the Forest Service. That is
what people must understand. You are creating jobs for the Federal
Government.
Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, since 1982, there has
been almost $1 billion, $850 million in all, spent for this. And
relative to jobs, back in 1996 there were 1,500 jobs. It is down to
below 300 right now. So every one of those jobs is basically being
subsidized by the American taxpayer to the tune of $150,000 per job. So
what we are trying to do here is be responsible to the taxpayers of my
State, Ohio, and New Jersey and Pennsylvania and Texas and New York and
Vermont and all the other States who right now are donor States who are
sending these dollars up to Alaska to sustain those few jobs.
Now, I am all for timbering, I am all for allowing roads to be built;
just not at taxpayer expense, not when the taxpayer is getting ripped
off.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as he
may consume to the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Goodlatte).
Mr. GOODLATTE. Mr. Chairman, once again we are confronted with the
question of how to manage one of our great national treasures, the
Tongass National Forest in Alaska. It is my hope that we will choose
more wisely this time.
The choice here is really quite simple. We can choose to follow the
law and respect the results of the forest planning process, or we can
trump the law and substitute our own political needs for those of an
economically depressed region of the country.
The gentleman's amendment is the final piece of a long-standing
strategy to do one thing and one thing only, to kill what remains of
the forest products industry in Alaska. This is not a decision about
protecting pristine forests. My friends, we have already done that.
More than 96 percent of the Tongass National Forest has not and will
not be managed for timber under the existing forest plan. This
amendment simply says ``get lost'' to the last few sawmills in the
region and the hundreds of jobs they provide.
The Tongass National Forest has a newly revised forest management
plan, a carefully considered plan that took more than 13 years to
complete. The plan provided for careful roadless area management
following established planning processes, including extensive public
participation. The gentleman's amendment ignores all of this for no
other reason than to shut down the Alaska timber industry.
I urge my colleagues to vote ``no'' on this amendment.
Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as he may consume to the
gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Andrews).
Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Chairman, I thank my coauthor, and salute him for
his integrity for bringing this amendment under difficult
circumstances.
President Kennedy said 40 years ago or so, governing is choosing, and
every time we make a choice, somebody doesn't like it. But when you
avoid choices, that is how you wind up with an $8 trillion debt. That
is how you wind up borrowing 25 percent of the money that you spend to
run the government.
It is always easier to say yes when people want to spend the public's
[[Page H2842]]
money, but it is not always right; and here it isn't right. Since 1982,
the taxpayers have put about $1 billion into building roads into this
forest. We have gotten back $150 million. We should stop building these
roads. That is what this amendment does. It does it artfully and
correctly. I would urge a ``yes'' vote.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from New Mexico (Mr. Pearce).
Mr. PEARCE. Mr. Chairman, I find the arguments amazing. The Lincoln
National Forest is in the Second District of New Mexico. One of the
retired foresters grabbed me one day and said, You know, I used to run
this 1 million acres by myself and one part-timer. Then he said, Myself
and the part-timer did all the timber sales, all of the conservation
projects, all of the business opportunity projects by ourselves. Now
the Lincoln National Forest has 142 people.
If the gentlemen were really interested in the operation, in the use
of the operation of the Forest Service and the use of Federal funds,
they would go in and de-fund every timber sales department that has not
sold a tree in decades, because we are still funding timber sales
departments that don't fund it.
I find your arrogance tremendously offensive, that you come into
another man's district and begin to take away his jobs. In the Second
District of New Mexico, there used to be 22 mills that processed these
forest products, and we are down to two. The Lincoln National Forest is
in a position to offer them the product that would keep them in
business. They grow 50 million board feet a year of new timber in
Lincoln. They will not even commit 12 million.
There is a policy and culture in our Forest Service that says we will
not cut trees, we will not keep our forests healthy. We will watch them
burn down before we cut a tree. That is what I find offensive about the
debate from our friends on the other side of the issue.
Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the balance of my time.
Mr. Chairman, I would just note there are very diverse groups on all
sides of the political spectrum that strongly support this amendment,
group likes Citizens Against Government Waste, National Taxpayers
Union, Taxpayers For Common Sense, on the one hand; the National
Wildlife Federation, the Sierra Club and many others; and I would
strongly urge my colleagues to take a vote here which is in the best
interests of the taxpayers of this country.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the
balance of my time.
Mr. Chairman, we are talking about roads. The roads are used for many
things, recreation, all those sorts of things. Over 90 percent of the
Tongass is unroaded, won't be roaded and so forth.
It ought to be that forests in America, managed the best in the
world, should be providing the resources for all over the world. For
instance, if we don't have wood, we will have to rely on steel or
plastic. Steel takes lots more energy, about eight times as much to
make a steel 2 by 4 versus a wooden 2 by 4, and plastic, we know what
that comes from.
Mr. Chairman, I urge defeat of this amendment.
Mr. KIND. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in support of the Chabot-Andrews
amendment to the FY 2007 Interior Appropriations bill to block taxpayer
spending on new commercial logging in Alaska's Tongass National Forest.
Facing massive Federal deficits, every dollar counts, and we must take
a stand against the Forest Service's fiscal mismanagement of the
Tongass.
In addition, I would like to state my disappointment with the deep
cut proposed in this bill for the State Wildlife Grants Program. This
bill includes only $50 million for this program, a cut of $17.5 million
below FY 2006 and nearly $25 million below the President's request.
The State Wildlife Grants program is not just a ``Grants Program'' it
is the Interior Department's core program for preventing wildlife from
becoming endangered by working in partnership with State Wildlife
Agencies. The deep cut included in this bill will have a dramatic
impact on Wildlife conservation efforts in Wisconsin and across the
country.
State Wildlife grants program has strong bipartisan support from
every corner of the country. Earlier this year 170 representatives
joined together on a letter of support for $85 million in funding for
this program. This program has also been championed by the
Congressional Sportsmen's Caucus, the largest caucus in the House.
Across the Capitol, 56 Senators joined together on a similar letter.
Further, this program is championed by the teaming with Wildlife
Coalition, which includes hunters and anglers, environmentalists,
wildlife agencies and others. In Wisconsin, this coalition includes
almost 200 organizations, including the Wisconsin Wildlife Federation,
Audubon Chapters, and local businesses. and there are similar
coalitions in every state.
Again, I urge my colleagues to support the Chabot-Andrews amendment.
Mr. LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Chairman, I regret that I could not be
present today because of a family medical emergency and I would like to
submit this statement for the Record in support of the amendment
offered by Representative Chabot to protect the Tongass National
Forest.
The Tongass National Forest spanning 17 million acres in southeastern
Alaska is the United States' largest national forest and home to the
world's largest temperate rain forest. Over the past 24 years, the
American taxpayers have provided $850 million in subsidies to the
timber industry to harvest areas within the Tongass. The American
taxpayers deserve better. The bipartisan amendment offered by
Representative Chabot and Representative Andrews would simply prohibit
the Forest Service from using any more tax dollars to build more roads
for private timber in the Tongass. I urge my colleagues to support this
environmentally smart and fiscally responsible amendment. Additionally,
I am submitting for the Record an editorial in the Hartford Courant
that also expresses support for the amendment.
[From the Hartford Courant, May 16, 2006]
Protect Tongass National Forest
Later this week, Congress will have a chance to right a
wrongheaded public boondoggle that last year gave the timber
industry $48.5 million in Federal funds to defile the Tongass
National Forest in Alaska.
Tongass was established as a national forest by Teddy
Roosevelt in 1907 and occupies the extreme southeast corner
of the Alaskan coast. The world's largest intact temperate
rainforest, it's a place of unimaginable lushness and beauty
strewn along the Inside Passage like a jade necklace. It is
home to ancient Sitka spruce, bald eagles, bears and wolves.
It's also a renowned destination for tourists who fish, hunt,
hike or simply want to witness the rugged grandeur of one of
the world's last wild places.
During the past two decades, the Federal Government has
spent as much as $1 billion to prop up the timber industry in
the Tongass. Putting aside the environmental consequences of
clearcutting and road-building in this natural treasure
(consequences including the destruction of rare, old-growth
trees and woodland habitat, erosion, streams choked with silt
and the loss of fish habitat), this practice is also a
singularly bad investment.
Last year for example, the forest service spent $48.5
million to help timber interests build roads in the Tongass.
In return, the government--or, rather, taxpayers--received
$500,000 in logging revenues. It's a situation reminiscent of
the oil-industry giveaway uncovered early this year by The
New York Times. The investigation found that, while prices
for natural gas nearly doubled between 2001 and 2005, the
royalties paid by companies to the Federal Government for
right to drill on public lands and coastal waters actually
declined.
Thursday, the House is scheduled to consider an amendment
to the House Appropriations bill that would put an end to the
Tongass boondoggle. The amendment is being offered by
Representatives Steve Chabot, a Republican from Ohio, and
Democrat Rob Andrews of New Jersey.
Congress should support this amendment. Wasting taxpayer
money is bad. Wasteful corporate welfare with little or no
public benefit is worse. Publicly subsidizing the destruction
of the largest intact temperate rainforest is beyond the
pale.
The CHAIRMAN. All time for debate has expired.
The question is on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Ohio
(Mr. Chabot).
The question was taken; and the Chairman announced that the noes
appeared to have it.
Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, further proceedings
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Ohio will be postponed.
Sequential Votes Postponed in Committee of the Whole
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, proceedings will
now resume on those amendments on which further proceedings were
postponed, in the following order:
Amendment by Mr. Weiner of New York.
Amendments by Mr. Poe of Texas.
[[Page H2843]]
Amendment by Mr. Pallone of New Jersey.
Amendment by Mr. Beauprez of Colorado.
Amendment by Mr. Hinchey of New York.
Amendment by Mr. Chabot of Ohio.
The Chair will reduce to 5 minutes the time for any electronic vote
after the first vote in this series.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Weiner
The CHAIRMAN. The pending business is the demand for a recorded vote
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from New York (Mr. Weiner) on
which further proceedings were postponed and on which the noes
prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendment.
The Clerk redesignated the amendment.
Recorded Vote
The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 266,
noes 152, not voting 14, as follows:
[Roll No. 163]
AYES--266
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Allen
Andrews
Baca
Baird
Baldwin
Barrow
Bass
Bean
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Berry
Bishop (GA)
Bishop (NY)
Blackburn
Blumenauer
Boehlert
Boehner
Bono
Boren
Boswell
Boucher
Boyd
Bradley (NH)
Brady (PA)
Brown (OH)
Brown, Corrine
Brown-Waite, Ginny
Burton (IN)
Butterfield
Campbell (CA)
Capps
Capuano
Cardin
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carson
Case
Castle
Chabot
Chandler
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Conyers
Cooper
Costa
Costello
Cramer
Crowley
Cuellar
Culberson
Cummings
Davis (AL)
Davis (CA)
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (TN)
Davis, Jo Ann
Davis, Tom
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Dent
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Doyle
Edwards
Emanuel
Engel
Eshoo
Etheridge
Farr
Fattah
Ferguson
Filner
Fitzpatrick (PA)
Foley
Ford
Fossella
Frank (MA)
Garrett (NJ)
Gerlach
Gingrey
Gohmert
Gonzalez
Goodlatte
Gordon
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Harman
Hart
Hastings (FL)
Hefley
Hensarling
Herseth
Higgins
Hinchey
Holden
Holt
Honda
Hooley
Hostettler
Hoyer
Inglis (SC)
Inslee
Israel
Issa
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Jindal
Johnson (IL)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones (NC)
Jones (OH)
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kelly
Kennedy (MN)
Kildee
Kilpatrick (MI)
Kind
King (IA)
King (NY)
Kingston
Kirk
Kucinich
Kuhl (NY)
LaHood
Langevin
Lantos
Larsen (WA)
Latham
Lee
Levin
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
LoBiondo
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lucas
Lynch
Mack
Maloney
Markey
Marshall
Matheson
Matsui
McCarthy
McCollum (MN)
McCotter
McDermott
McGovern
McHugh
McIntyre
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek (FL)
Meeks (NY)
Melancon
Michaud
Millender-McDonald
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Mollohan
Moore (KS)
Moore (WI)
Moran (KS)
Moran (VA)
Murtha
Nadler
Napolitano
Neal (MA)
Ney
Nussle
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Ortiz
Owens
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Paul
Payne
Pelosi
Pence
Peterson (MN)
Platts
Pombo
Pomeroy
Price (NC)
Putnam
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Reyes
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Ross
Rothman
Roybal-Allard
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Sabo
Salazar
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sanders
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schwartz (PA)
Scott (GA)
Scott (VA)
Serrano
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Shimkus
Simmons
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (WA)
Snyder
Solis
Souder
Spratt
Stark
Strickland
Sweeney
Tancredo
Tanner
Tauscher
Taylor (MS)
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tierney
Towns
Udall (CO)
Udall (NM)
Upton
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Walsh
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watson
Watt
Waxman
Weiner
Weldon (FL)
Weldon (PA)
Wexler
Woolsey
Wu
Wynn
NOES--152
Aderholt
Akin
Alexander
Bachus
Baker
Barrett (SC)
Bartlett (MD)
Barton (TX)
Beauprez
Biggert
Bilirakis
Bishop (UT)
Blunt
Bonilla
Bonner
Boozman
Boustany
Brady (TX)
Brown (SC)
Burgess
Buyer
Calvert
Camp (MI)
Cannon
Cantor
Capito
Carter
Chocola
Coble
Cole (OK)
Conaway
Crenshaw
Cubin
Davis (KY)
Deal (GA)
DeLay
Diaz-Balart, L.
Diaz-Balart, M.
Doolittle
Drake
Dreier
Duncan
Ehlers
Emerson
English (PA)
Everett
Feeney
Forbes
Fortenberry
Foxx
Frelinghuysen
Gallegly
Gibbons
Gilchrest
Gillmor
Goode
Granger
Graves
Green (WI)
Hall
Harris
Hastings (WA)
Hayes
Herger
Hobson
Hoekstra
Hulshof
Hunter
Hyde
Istook
Jenkins
Johnson (CT)
Johnson, Sam
Keller
Kline
Knollenberg
LaTourette
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lungren, Daniel E.
Manzullo
Marchant
McCaul (TX)
McCrery
McHenry
McKeon
McMorris
Mica
Miller (FL)
Miller (MI)
Miller, Gary
Murphy
Myrick
Neugebauer
Northup
Norwood
Nunes
Osborne
Otter
Oxley
Pearce
Peterson (PA)
Petri
Pickering
Pitts
Poe
Porter
Price (GA)
Pryce (OH)
Radanovich
Regula
Rehberg
Reichert
Renzi
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Ros-Lehtinen
Royce
Ryan (WI)
Ryun (KS)
Saxton
Schmidt
Schwarz (MI)
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Sherwood
Shuster
Simpson
Smith (NJ)
Smith (TX)
Sodrel
Stearns
Sullivan
Taylor (NC)
Terry
Thomas
Thornberry
Tiahrt
Tiberi
Turner
Walden (OR)
Wamp
Weller
Westmoreland
Whitfield
Wicker
Wilson (NM)
Wilson (SC)
Wolf
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
NOT VOTING--14
Evans
Flake
Franks (AZ)
Gutknecht
Hayworth
Hinojosa
Kennedy (RI)
Kolbe
Larson (CT)
Leach
Musgrave
Reynolds
Shadegg
Stupak
{time} 1809
Mr. GILLMOR and Mr. CAMP of Michigan changed their vote from ``aye''
to ``no.''
Messrs. MEEK of Florida, JONES of North Carolina, CULBERSON, ISSA,
HENSARLING, ROHRABACHER, FOLEY, GINGREY, and LATHAM changed their vote
from ``no'' to ``aye.''
So the amendment was agreed to.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Stated for:
Mr. HINOJOSA. Mr. Chairman, on rollcall No. 163, had I been present,
I would have voted ``aye.''
Amendments Offered by Mr. Poe
The CHAIRMAN. The pending business is the demand for a recorded vote
on the amendments offered by the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Poe) on
which further proceedings were postponed and on which the noes
prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendments.
The Clerk redesignated the amendments.
Recorded Vote
The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The CHAIRMAN. This will be a 5-minute vote.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 141,
noes 279, not voting 13, as follows:
[Roll No. 164]
AYES--141
Aderholt
Alexander
Bachus
Baker
Barrett (SC)
Barton (TX)
Beauprez
Bishop (UT)
Blackburn
Boehner
Bonilla
Boozman
Boren
Boustany
Brady (TX)
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Buyer
Camp (MI)
Cannon
Capito
Carter
Chabot
Chocola
Coble
Cole (OK)
Conaway
Cubin
Cuellar
Culberson
Davis (KY)
Davis (TN)
Deal (GA)
DeLay
Dent
Doolittle
Duncan
Edwards
Emerson
Everett
Fortenberry
Fossella
Foxx
Gerlach
Gibbons
Gingrey
Gohmert
Goode
Goodlatte
Granger
Graves
Green (WI)
Green, Gene
Hart
Hastert
Hastings (WA)
Hayes
Hefley
Hensarling
Herger
Hinojosa
Hoekstra
Hostettler
Hulshof
Hunter
Hyde
Istook
Jefferson
Jenkins
Jindal
Johnson, Sam
King (IA)
King (NY)
Kline
Knollenberg
Kuhl (NY)
Latham
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lucas
Lungren, Daniel E.
Marchant
McCaul (TX)
McCrery
McHenry
McHugh
McKeon
McMorris
Melancon
Mica
Miller, Gary
Mollohan
Moran (KS)
Murphy
Myrick
Neugebauer
Ney
Northup
Norwood
Nunes
Nussle
Ortiz
Osborne
Otter
Oxley
Paul
Pearce
Pence
Pickering
Pitts
Poe
Porter
Price (GA)
Regula
Rehberg
Renzi
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Ross
Ryan (WI)
Ryun (KS)
Salazar
Schmidt
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shimkus
Shuster
Smith (TX)
Souder
Sullivan
Tancredo
Tanner
Terry
Thornberry
Tiahrt
Walden (OR)
Wamp
Westmoreland
Wicker
NOES--279
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Akin
Allen
Andrews
Baca
Baird
Baldwin
Barrow
[[Page H2844]]
Bartlett (MD)
Bass
Bean
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Berry
Biggert
Bilirakis
Bishop (GA)
Bishop (NY)
Blumenauer
Blunt
Boehlert
Bonner
Bono
Boswell
Boucher
Boyd
Bradley (NH)
Brady (PA)
Brown (OH)
Brown (SC)
Brown, Corrine
Brown-Waite, Ginny
Butterfield
Calvert
Campbell (CA)
Cantor
Capps
Capuano
Cardin
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carson
Case
Castle
Chandler
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Conyers
Cooper
Costa
Costello
Cramer
Crenshaw
Crowley
Cummings
Davis (AL)
Davis (CA)
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis, Jo Ann
Davis, Tom
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Diaz-Balart, L.
Diaz-Balart, M.
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Doyle
Drake
Dreier
Ehlers
Emanuel
Engel
English (PA)
Eshoo
Etheridge
Farr
Fattah
Feeney
Ferguson
Filner
Fitzpatrick (PA)
Foley
Forbes
Ford
Frank (MA)
Frelinghuysen
Gallegly
Garrett (NJ)
Gilchrest
Gillmor
Gonzalez
Gordon
Green, Al
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Hall
Harman
Harris
Hastings (FL)
Herseth
Higgins
Hinchey
Hobson
Holden
Holt
Honda
Hooley
Hoyer
Inglis (SC)
Inslee
Israel
Issa
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (IL)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones (NC)
Jones (OH)
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Keller
Kelly
Kennedy (MN)
Kildee
Kilpatrick (MI)
Kind
Kingston
Kirk
Kucinich
LaHood
Langevin
Lantos
Larsen (WA)
LaTourette
Lee
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
LoBiondo
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lynch
Mack
Maloney
Manzullo
Markey
Marshall
Matheson
Matsui
McCarthy
McCollum (MN)
McCotter
McDermott
McGovern
McIntyre
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek (FL)
Meeks (NY)
Michaud
Millender-McDonald
Miller (FL)
Miller (MI)
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Moore (KS)
Moore (WI)
Moran (VA)
Murtha
Nadler
Napolitano
Neal (MA)
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Owens
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Payne
Pelosi
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Petri
Platts
Pombo
Pomeroy
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Putnam
Radanovich
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Reichert
Reyes
Ros-Lehtinen
Rothman
Roybal-Allard
Royce
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Sabo
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sanders
Saxton
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schwartz (PA)
Schwarz (MI)
Scott (GA)
Scott (VA)
Serrano
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Sherwood
Simmons
Simpson
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (NJ)
Smith (WA)
Snyder
Sodrel
Solis
Spratt
Stark
Stearns
Strickland
Sweeney
Tauscher
Taylor (MS)
Taylor (NC)
Thomas
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tiberi
Tierney
Towns
Turner
Udall (CO)
Udall (NM)
Upton
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Walsh
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watson
Watt
Waxman
Weiner
Weldon (FL)
Weldon (PA)
Weller
Wexler
Whitfield
Wilson (NM)
Wilson (SC)
Wolf
Woolsey
Wu
Wynn
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
NOT VOTING--13
Evans
Flake
Franks (AZ)
Gutknecht
Hayworth
Kennedy (RI)
Kolbe
Larson (CT)
Leach
Musgrave
Reynolds
Shadegg
Stupak
{time} 1817
Ms. CORRINE BROWN of Florida changed her vote from ``aye'' to ``no.''
Mr. EVERETT and Mr. ROGERS of Michigan changed their vote from ``no''
to ``aye.''
So the amendments were rejected.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Pallone
The CHAIRMAN. The pending business is the demand for a recorded vote
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Pallone)
on which further proceedings were postponed and on which the ayes
prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendment.
The Clerk redesignated the amendment.
Recorded Vote
The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The CHAIRMAN. This will be a 5-minute vote.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 231,
noes 187, not voting 14, as follows:
[Roll No. 165]
AYES--231
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Allen
Andrews
Baca
Baird
Baldwin
Bartlett (MD)
Bass
Bean
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Bishop (GA)
Bishop (NY)
Blumenauer
Boehlert
Boswell
Boucher
Boyd
Bradley (NH)
Brady (PA)
Brown (OH)
Brown, Corrine
Butterfield
Capito
Capps
Capuano
Cardin
Carnahan
Carson
Case
Castle
Chandler
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Cole (OK)
Conyers
Cooper
Costello
Crowley
Cummings
Davis (AL)
Davis (CA)
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis, Jo Ann
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Doyle
Ehlers
Emanuel
Engel
English (PA)
Eshoo
Etheridge
Farr
Fattah
Ferguson
Filner
Fitzpatrick (PA)
Foley
Ford
Frank (MA)
Frelinghuysen
Gerlach
Gilchrest
Gonzalez
Gordon
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Harman
Hart
Hastings (FL)
Hayes
Herseth
Higgins
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Holden
Holt
Honda
Hooley
Hoyer
Inglis (SC)
Inslee
Israel
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (IL)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones (NC)
Jones (OH)
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kelly
Kildee
Kilpatrick (MI)
Kind
Kirk
Kucinich
Kuhl (NY)
Langevin
Lantos
Larsen (WA)
Lee
Levin
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
LoBiondo
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lynch
Maloney
Markey
Matheson
Matsui
McCarthy
McCollum (MN)
McDermott
McGovern
McHugh
McIntyre
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek (FL)
Meeks (NY)
Michaud
Millender-McDonald
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Mollohan
Moore (KS)
Moore (WI)
Moran (VA)
Murtha
Nadler
Napolitano
Neal (MA)
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Ortiz
Otter
Owens
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Payne
Pelosi
Platts
Pomeroy
Price (NC)
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Regula
Reyes
Ros-Lehtinen
Rothman
Roybal-Allard
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Sabo
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sanders
Saxton
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schmidt
Schwartz (PA)
Schwarz (MI)
Scott (GA)
Scott (VA)
Serrano
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Simmons
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (NJ)
Smith (WA)
Snyder
Solis
Spratt
Stark
Strickland
Sullivan
Sweeney
Tauscher
Taylor (MS)
Taylor (NC)
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tierney
Towns
Udall (CO)
Udall (NM)
Upton
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Walden (OR)
Walsh
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watson
Watt
Waxman
Weiner
Weldon (PA)
Weller
Wexler
Woolsey
Wu
Wynn
Young (FL)
NOES--187
Aderholt
Akin
Alexander
Bachus
Baker
Barrett (SC)
Barrow
Barton (TX)
Beauprez
Berry
Biggert
Bilirakis
Bishop (UT)
Blackburn
Blunt
Boehner
Bonilla
Bonner
Bono
Boozman
Boren
Boustany
Brady (TX)
Brown (SC)
Brown-Waite, Ginny
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Buyer
Calvert
Camp (MI)
Campbell (CA)
Cannon
Cantor
Cardoza
Carter
Chabot
Chocola
Coble
Conaway
Costa
Cramer
Crenshaw
Cubin
Cuellar
Culberson
Davis (KY)
Davis (TN)
Davis, Tom
Deal (GA)
DeLay
Dent
Diaz-Balart, L.
Diaz-Balart, M.
Doolittle
Drake
Dreier
Duncan
Edwards
Emerson
Everett
Feeney
Forbes
Fortenberry
Fossella
Gallegly
Garrett (NJ)
Gibbons
Gillmor
Gingrey
Gohmert
Goode
Goodlatte
Granger
Graves
Green (WI)
Hall
Harris
Hastings (WA)
Hefley
Hensarling
Herger
Hobson
Hoekstra
Hostettler
Hulshof
Hunter
Hyde
Issa
Istook
Jenkins
Jindal
Johnson, Sam
Keller
Kennedy (MN)
King (IA)
King (NY)
Kingston
Kline
Knollenberg
LaHood
Latham
LaTourette
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lucas
Lungren, Daniel E.
Mack
Manzullo
Marchant
Marshall
McCaul (TX)
McCotter
McCrery
McHenry
McKeon
McMorris
Melancon
Mica
Miller (FL)
Miller (MI)
Miller, Gary
Moran (KS)
Murphy
Myrick
Neugebauer
Ney
Northup
Norwood
Nunes
Nussle
Osborne
Oxley
Paul
Pearce
Pence
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Petri
Pickering
Pitts
Poe
Pombo
Porter
Price (GA)
Pryce (OH)
Putnam
Radanovich
Rehberg
Reichert
Renzi
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Ross
Royce
Ryan (WI)
Ryun (KS)
Salazar
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Sherwood
Shimkus
Shuster
Simpson
Smith (TX)
Sodrel
Souder
Stearns
Tancredo
Tanner
Terry
Thomas
Thornberry
Tiahrt
Tiberi
Turner
Wamp
Weldon (FL)
Westmoreland
Whitfield
Wicker
Wilson (NM)
Wilson (SC)
Wolf
Young (AK)
NOT VOTING--14
Evans
Flake
Foxx
Franks (AZ)
Gutknecht
Hayworth
Kennedy (RI)
Kolbe
Larson (CT)
Leach
Musgrave
Reynolds
Shadegg
Stupak
{time} 1825
So the amendment was agreed to.
[[Page H2845]]
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Amendment No. 5 Offered by Mr. Beauprez
The CHAIRMAN. The pending business is the demand for a recorded vote
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Beauprez)
on which further proceedings were postponed and on which the noes
prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendment.
The Clerk redesignated the amendment.
Recorded Vote
The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The CHAIRMAN. This will be a 5-minute vote.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 112,
noes 306, not voting 14, as follows:
[Roll No. 166]
AYES--112
Akin
Bachus
Baker
Barrett (SC)
Bartlett (MD)
Beauprez
Blackburn
Boehner
Brady (TX)
Brown-Waite, Ginny
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Buyer
Campbell (CA)
Cannon
Cantor
Chabot
Chocola
Coble
Cole (OK)
Cubin
Culberson
Davis, Jo Ann
Deal (GA)
DeFazio
DeLay
Diaz-Balart, M.
Doolittle
Dreier
Feeney
Forbes
Foxx
Gallegly
Garrett (NJ)
Gibbons
Gingrey
Gohmert
Goode
Goodlatte
Graves
Green (WI)
Gutknecht
Hastings (WA)
Hayes
Hefley
Hensarling
Herger
Herseth
Hoekstra
Hostettler
Hulshof
Hunter
Hyde
Issa
Istook
Jindal
Johnson, Sam
Jones (NC)
Keller
Kennedy (MN)
King (IA)
King (NY)
Kingston
Kline
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lungren, Daniel E.
Manzullo
Marchant
McCaul (TX)
McHenry
Miller (MI)
Miller, Gary
Myrick
Neugebauer
Ney
Norwood
Paul
Pearce
Pence
Petri
Pickering
Pitts
Poe
Pombo
Price (GA)
Radanovich
Renzi
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Royce
Ryan (WI)
Ryun (KS)
Salazar
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shuster
Skelton
Souder
Stearns
Tancredo
Taylor (MS)
Thornberry
Tiahrt
Weldon (FL)
Weller
Westmoreland
Wicker
Wilson (NM)
Wilson (SC)
Young (AK)
NOES--306
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Aderholt
Alexander
Allen
Andrews
Baca
Baird
Baldwin
Barrow
Barton (TX)
Bass
Bean
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Berry
Biggert
Bilirakis
Bishop (GA)
Bishop (NY)
Blumenauer
Boehlert
Bonilla
Bonner
Bono
Boozman
Boren
Boswell
Boucher
Boustany
Boyd
Bradley (NH)
Brady (PA)
Brown (OH)
Brown (SC)
Brown, Corrine
Butterfield
Calvert
Camp (MI)
Capito
Capps
Capuano
Cardin
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carson
Carter
Case
Castle
Chandler
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Conaway
Conyers
Cooper
Costa
Costello
Cramer
Crenshaw
Crowley
Cuellar
Cummings
Davis (AL)
Davis (CA)
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (KY)
Davis (TN)
Davis, Tom
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Dent
Diaz-Balart, L.
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Doyle
Drake
Duncan
Edwards
Ehlers
Emanuel
Emerson
Engel
English (PA)
Eshoo
Etheridge
Everett
Farr
Fattah
Ferguson
Filner
Fitzpatrick (PA)
Foley
Ford
Fortenberry
Fossella
Frank (MA)
Frelinghuysen
Gerlach
Gilchrest
Gillmor
Gonzalez
Gordon
Granger
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Hall
Harman
Harris
Hart
Hastings (FL)
Higgins
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Hobson
Holden
Holt
Honda
Hooley
Hoyer
Inglis (SC)
Inslee
Israel
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Jenkins
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (IL)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones (OH)
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kelly
Kildee
Kilpatrick (MI)
Kind
Kirk
Knollenberg
Kucinich
Kuhl (NY)
LaHood
Langevin
Lantos
Larsen (WA)
Latham
LaTourette
Lee
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
LoBiondo
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lucas
Lynch
Mack
Maloney
Markey
Marshall
Matheson
Matsui
McCarthy
McCollum (MN)
McCotter
McCrery
McDermott
McGovern
McHugh
McIntyre
McKeon
McKinney
McMorris
McNulty
Meehan
Meek (FL)
Meeks (NY)
Melancon
Mica
Michaud
Millender-McDonald
Miller (FL)
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Mollohan
Moore (KS)
Moore (WI)
Moran (KS)
Moran (VA)
Murphy
Murtha
Nadler
Napolitano
Neal (MA)
Northup
Nunes
Nussle
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Ortiz
Osborne
Otter
Owens
Oxley
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Payne
Pelosi
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Platts
Pomeroy
Porter
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Putnam
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Regula
Rehberg
Reichert
Reyes
Rogers (KY)
Ros-Lehtinen
Ross
Rothman
Roybal-Allard
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Sabo
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sanders
Saxton
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schmidt
Schwartz (PA)
Schwarz (MI)
Scott (GA)
Scott (VA)
Serrano
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Sherwood
Shimkus
Simmons
Simpson
Slaughter
Smith (NJ)
Smith (TX)
Smith (WA)
Snyder
Sodrel
Solis
Spratt
Stark
Strickland
Sullivan
Sweeney
Tanner
Tauscher
Taylor (NC)
Terry
Thomas
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tiberi
Tierney
Towns
Turner
Udall (CO)
Udall (NM)
Upton
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Walden (OR)
Walsh
Wamp
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watson
Watt
Waxman
Weiner
Weldon (PA)
Wexler
Whitfield
Wolf
Woolsey
Wu
Wynn
Young (FL)
NOT VOTING--14
Bishop (UT)
Blunt
Evans
Flake
Franks (AZ)
Hayworth
Kennedy (RI)
Kolbe
Larson (CT)
Leach
Musgrave
Reynolds
Shadegg
Stupak
{time} 1833
Mr. MARCHANT changed his vote from ``no'' to ``aye.''
So the amendment was rejected.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Hinchey
The CHAIRMAN. The pending business is the demand for a recorded vote
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from New York (Mr. Hinchey)
on which further proceedings were postponed and on which the noes
prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendment.
The Clerk redesignated the amendment.
Recorded Vote
The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The CHAIRMAN. This will be a 5-minute vote.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 252,
noes 165, not voting 15, as follows:
[Roll No. 167]
AYES--252
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Allen
Andrews
Baca
Baird
Baldwin
Barrow
Bartlett (MD)
Bass
Bean
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Berry
Biggert
Bilirakis
Bishop (GA)
Bishop (NY)
Blumenauer
Boehlert
Bonner
Boswell
Boyd
Bradley (NH)
Brady (PA)
Brown (OH)
Brown (SC)
Brown, Corrine
Brown-Waite, Ginny
Butterfield
Capito
Capps
Capuano
Cardin
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carson
Case
Castle
Chandler
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Conyers
Cooper
Costa
Costello
Cramer
Crowley
Cummings
Davis (AL)
Davis (CA)
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (TN)
Davis, Tom
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Diaz-Balart, L.
Diaz-Balart, M.
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Doyle
Duncan
Edwards
Ehlers
Emanuel
Emerson
Engel
Eshoo
Etheridge
Everett
Farr
Fattah
Ferguson
Filner
Fitzpatrick (PA)
Foley
Ford
Fortenberry
Frank (MA)
Gerlach
Gilchrest
Gordon
Green (WI)
Green, Al
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Harman
Hastings (FL)
Herseth
Higgins
Hinchey
Holden
Holt
Honda
Hooley
Hoyer
Inglis (SC)
Inslee
Israel
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Jenkins
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (IL)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones (OH)
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kelly
Kennedy (MN)
Kildee
Kilpatrick (MI)
Kind
Kingston
Kucinich
Kuhl (NY)
LaHood
Langevin
Lantos
Larsen (WA)
LaTourette
Lee
Levin
Lewis (GA)
Lewis (KY)
Lipinski
LoBiondo
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lynch
Maloney
Markey
Marshall
Matsui
McCarthy
McCollum (MN)
McDermott
McGovern
McHugh
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek (FL)
Meeks (NY)
Michaud
Millender-McDonald
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Moore (KS)
Moore (WI)
Moran (KS)
Moran (VA)
Murtha
Nadler
Napolitano
Neal (MA)
Ney
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Owens
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Paul
Payne
Pelosi
Petri
Platts
Pombo
Pomeroy
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Renzi
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Rohrabacher
Ros-Lehtinen
Ross
Rothman
Roybal-Allard
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Sabo
Salazar
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sanders
Saxton
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schwartz (PA)
Schwarz (MI)
Scott (GA)
Scott (VA)
Serrano
Shays
Sherman
Sherwood
Simmons
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (NJ)
Smith (WA)
Snyder
Sodrel
Solis
Spratt
Stark
Strickland
[[Page H2846]]
Sullivan
Sweeney
Tancredo
Tanner
Tauscher
Taylor (MS)
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tierney
Towns
Udall (CO)
Udall (NM)
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Walsh
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watson
Watt
Waxman
Weiner
Weldon (PA)
Weller
Wexler
Whitfield
Wolf
Woolsey
Wu
Wynn
Young (FL)
NOES--165
Aderholt
Akin
Alexander
Bachus
Baker
Barrett (SC)
Barton (TX)
Beauprez
Bishop (UT)
Blackburn
Boehner
Bonilla
Bono
Boozman
Boren
Boucher
Boustany
Brady (TX)
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Buyer
Calvert
Camp (MI)
Campbell (CA)
Cantor
Carter
Chabot
Chocola
Coble
Cole (OK)
Conaway
Crenshaw
Cubin
Cuellar
Culberson
Davis (KY)
Davis, Jo Ann
Deal (GA)
DeLay
Dent
Doolittle
Drake
Dreier
English (PA)
Feeney
Forbes
Fossella
Foxx
Frelinghuysen
Gallegly
Garrett (NJ)
Gibbons
Gillmor
Gingrey
Gohmert
Gonzalez
Goode
Goodlatte
Granger
Graves
Green, Gene
Gutknecht
Hall
Harris
Hart
Hastings (WA)
Hayes
Hefley
Hensarling
Herger
Hinojosa
Hobson
Hoekstra
Hostettler
Hulshof
Hunter
Hyde
Issa
Istook
Jindal
Johnson, Sam
Jones (NC)
Keller
King (IA)
King (NY)
Kline
Knollenberg
Latham
Lewis (CA)
Linder
Lucas
Lungren, Daniel E.
Mack
Manzullo
Marchant
Matheson
McCaul (TX)
McCotter
McCrery
McHenry
McIntyre
McKeon
McMorris
Melancon
Mica
Miller (FL)
Miller (MI)
Miller, Gary
Mollohan
Murphy
Myrick
Neugebauer
Northup
Norwood
Nunes
Nussle
Ortiz
Osborne
Otter
Oxley
Pearce
Pence
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Pickering
Pitts
Poe
Porter
Price (GA)
Putnam
Radanovich
Regula
Rehberg
Reichert
Reyes
Rogers (MI)
Royce
Ryan (WI)
Ryun (KS)
Schmidt
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shaw
Shimkus
Shuster
Simpson
Smith (TX)
Souder
Stearns
Taylor (NC)
Terry
Thomas
Thornberry
Tiahrt
Tiberi
Turner
Upton
Walden (OR)
Wamp
Weldon (FL)
Westmoreland
Wicker
Wilson (NM)
Wilson (SC)
Young (AK)
NOT VOTING--15
Blunt
Cannon
Evans
Flake
Franks (AZ)
Hayworth
Kennedy (RI)
Kirk
Kolbe
Larson (CT)
Leach
Musgrave
Reynolds
Shadegg
Stupak
{time} 1840
Mr. SCHWARZ of Michigan and Mr. WELLER changed their vote from ``no''
to ``aye.''
So the amendment was agreed to.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Stated for:
Mr. KIRK. Mr. Chairman, on rollcall No. 167 I was unavoidably
detained. Had I been present, I would have voted ``aye.''
Amendment Offered by Mr. Chabot
The CHAIRMAN. The pending business is the demand for a recorded vote
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Chabot) on
which further proceedings were postponed and on which the noes
prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendment.
The Clerk redesignated the amendment.
Recorded Vote
The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The CHAIRMAN. This will be a 5-minute vote.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 237,
noes 181, not voting 14, as follows:
[Roll No. 168]
AYES--237
Ackerman
Akin
Allen
Andrews
Baird
Baldwin
Barrett (SC)
Barrow
Bartlett (MD)
Bass
Bean
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Biggert
Bishop (NY)
Boehlert
Bonner
Boucher
Bradley (NH)
Brady (PA)
Brown (OH)
Butterfield
Campbell (CA)
Capito
Capps
Capuano
Cardin
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carson
Case
Castle
Chabot
Chandler
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Coble
Conyers
Cooper
Costello
Cramer
Crowley
Cummings
Davis (CA)
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (TN)
Davis, Jo Ann
Davis, Tom
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Dent
Dingell
Doggett
Doyle
Emanuel
Engel
English (PA)
Eshoo
Etheridge
Farr
Fattah
Ferguson
Filner
Fitzpatrick (PA)
Fortenberry
Foxx
Frank (MA)
Frelinghuysen
Garrett (NJ)
Gerlach
Gillmor
Gonzalez
Gordon
Green (WI)
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Harman
Hart
Hastings (FL)
Hensarling
Herseth
Higgins
Hinchey
Holden
Holt
Honda
Hooley
Hoyer
Hyde
Inglis (SC)
Inslee
Israel
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (IL)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones (NC)
Jones (OH)
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kelly
Kildee
Kilpatrick (MI)
Kind
Kirk
Kucinich
Kuhl (NY)
Langevin
Lantos
Lee
Levin
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
LoBiondo
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lynch
Maloney
Markey
Marshall
Matheson
Matsui
McCarthy
McCaul (TX)
McCollum (MN)
McDermott
McGovern
McIntyre
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek (FL)
Meeks (NY)
Michaud
Millender-McDonald
Miller (MI)
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Moore (KS)
Moore (WI)
Moran (VA)
Murphy
Murtha
Nadler
Napolitano
Neal (MA)
Obey
Olver
Owens
Pallone
Pascrell
Paul
Payne
Pelosi
Petri
Pickering
Pitts
Platts
Poe
Pomeroy
Price (GA)
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Reichert
Rohrabacher
Rothman
Roybal-Allard
Royce
Ruppersberger
Ryan (OH)
Ryan (WI)
Sabo
Salazar
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sanders
Saxton
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schwartz (PA)
Scott (GA)
Scott (VA)
Sensenbrenner
Serrano
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Simmons
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (NJ)
Smith (TX)
Smith (WA)
Snyder
Solis
Spratt
Stark
Strickland
Sweeney
Tanner
Tauscher
Taylor (MS)
Terry
Thompson (CA)
Tiberi
Tierney
Towns
Udall (CO)
Udall (NM)
Upton
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watson
Watt
Waxman
Weiner
Weldon (PA)
Wexler
Whitfield
Wolf
Woolsey
Wu
Wynn
Young (FL)
NOES--181
Abercrombie
Aderholt
Alexander
Baca
Bachus
Baker
Barton (TX)
Beauprez
Berry
Bilirakis
Bishop (GA)
Bishop (UT)
Blackburn
Blumenauer
Boehner
Bonilla
Bono
Boozman
Boren
Boswell
Boustany
Boyd
Brady (TX)
Brown (SC)
Brown, Corrine
Brown-Waite, Ginny
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Buyer
Calvert
Camp (MI)
Cannon
Cantor
Carter
Chocola
Cole (OK)
Conaway
Costa
Crenshaw
Cubin
Cuellar
Culberson
Davis (AL)
Davis (KY)
Deal (GA)
DeLay
Diaz-Balart, M.
Dicks
Doolittle
Drake
Dreier
Duncan
Edwards
Ehlers
Emerson
Everett
Feeney
Foley
Forbes
Ford
Fossella
Gallegly
Gibbons
Gilchrest
Gingrey
Gohmert
Goode
Goodlatte
Granger
Graves
Gutknecht
Hall
Harris
Hastings (WA)
Hayes
Hefley
Herger
Hinojosa
Hobson
Hoekstra
Hostettler
Hulshof
Hunter
Issa
Istook
Jackson (IL)
Jefferson
Jenkins
Jindal
Johnson, Sam
Keller
Kennedy (MN)
King (IA)
King (NY)
Kingston
Kline
Knollenberg
LaHood
Larsen (WA)
Latham
LaTourette
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lucas
Lungren, Daniel E.
Mack
Manzullo
Marchant
McCotter
McCrery
McHenry
McHugh
McKeon
McMorris
Melancon
Mica
Miller (FL)
Miller, Gary
Mollohan
Moran (KS)
Myrick
Neugebauer
Ney
Northup
Norwood
Nunes
Nussle
Oberstar
Ortiz
Osborne
Otter
Oxley
Pastor
Pearce
Pence
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Pombo
Porter
Putnam
Radanovich
Regula
Rehberg
Renzi
Reyes
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Rogers (MI)
Ros-Lehtinen
Ross
Rush
Ryun (KS)
Schmidt
Schwarz (MI)
Sessions
Sherwood
Shimkus
Shuster
Simpson
Sodrel
Souder
Stearns
Sullivan
Tancredo
Taylor (NC)
Thomas
Thompson (MS)
Thornberry
Tiahrt
Turner
Walden (OR)
Walsh
Wamp
Weldon (FL)
Weller
Westmoreland
Wicker
Wilson (NM)
Wilson (SC)
Young (AK)
NOT VOTING--14
Blunt
Diaz-Balart, L.
Evans
Flake
Franks (AZ)
Hayworth
Kennedy (RI)
Kolbe
Larson (CT)
Leach
Musgrave
Reynolds
Shadegg
Stupak
{time} 1848
So the amendment was agreed to.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Tiahrt
Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Tiahrt:
At the end of the bill (before the short title) insert the
following:
Sec. . None of the funds made available in this Act may be
used to promulgate regulations without consideration of the
effect of such regulations on the competitiveness of American
businesses.
[[Page H2847]]
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the
gentleman from Kansas (Mr. Tiahrt) and a Member opposed each will
control 5 minutes.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of
order on the amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. A point of order is reserved.
The gentleman from Kansas is recognized for 5 minutes.
Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, this is a sad day for the future of
American jobs and for our future economy. Tonight we have decided to
keep energy prices higher by blocking exploration offshore on the Outer
Continental Shelf.
We have also blocked the EPA from reducing the paperwork burden on
small businesses and on pop and mom shops, because we have blocked them
from reducing the toxic relief information paperwork.
We have even tried to blackmail oil companies tonight that entered
into contracts in good faith to produce oil and gas. Now, we have
adopted an amendment to force them to breach those contracts or else
they are unable to drill offshore in the future.
Mr. Chairman, my amendment is very simple. It says that none of the
funds made available in this act may be used to promulgate regulations
without consideration of the effect of such regulations on the
competitiveness of American businesses. It is very simple: it is about
American jobs.
``Without consideration'' is a very simple term. It is like being
polite to people in the future. Being polite often says that we are
just going to be considerate of others. In terms of our future economy
and in terms of our children's opportunities, we should be considerate.
We should be considerate of the barriers that have been created by this
Congress and by Congresses before us over the past generation that are
keeping us from creating and keeping American jobs.
We have excessive health care costs, much of which is driven by an
archaic system called Medicare which was created in the 1960s and today
is heavily laden with paperwork, and it drives up our health care cost.
Mr. Chairman, we have a tax policy that is punitive to success. We
have regulation burdens, as I spoke about tonight, in relationship to
the toxic release inventory deduction. We also have a trade policy that
goes largely unenforced in some areas, allowing other countries to
target businesses and run them out so that they can import their
products.
We also have excessive litigation costs. The one thing that we do
have in excess in this country is lawsuits. We should be exporting our
lawsuits through our trade policies, holding other countries
accountable when they violate our trade agreements. But litigation
costs have driven up the expenses for small businesses and large
businesses alike. When expenses go up, we are less competitive and we
lose jobs.
Our energy policy has failed to meet the demands of our economy. That
is why we have $3 gas. That is why our natural gas costs are the
highest in the world because of policies created by this Congress.
And our education policy has failed to meet the needs of our high-
tech society these days. Our math scores, our science scores, those
students pursuing engineering degrees and science degrees are
diminishing, and so are their test scores. And our unfocused research
and development programs have also created barriers to keeping and
creating jobs here in America.
So, Mr. Chairman, that is why I created this very simple amendment
that just says that we won't put a barrier in place when it comes to
writing regulations because it costs us American jobs.
Now, I realize that my amendment is subject to a point of order
because our rules say that a Member cannot add authorization language
to an appropriations bill. And I assume that there is wisdom in the
process, and we will abide by that.
So with reservations, I will withdraw this amendment. But I will not
withdraw from the fight to remove the barriers that Congress has
created that prevent us from keeping and creating jobs here in America.
Mr. Chairman, respectfully, I withdraw my amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the amendment is withdrawn.
There was no objection.
Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
I yield to my friend and colleague from New York (Mr. Weiner).
Mr. WEINER. Mr. Chairman, I rise for the purpose of entering into a
colloquy with the chairman of the Interior Appropriations Committee,
the ranking member, and the chairman of the National Park Service
Subcommittee regarding the National Park Service's extension of the
current contract to provide ferry service to the Statue of Liberty/
Ellis Island National Monument, in spite of Congress's explicit
instruction that concessions contracts be put out to bid upon their
expiration.
Mr. Chairman, the current concessionaire, Circle Line, has held the
contract to provide ferry service from Manhattan to the Statue of
Liberty for decades. They provide what is less than enjoyable service
for park visitors. The old clunky boats and temporary screening
facilities they use when docking at the edge of a city park hardly do
Lady Liberty justice.
In 1998, Congress passed, thanks to the leadership of the House
Resources Committee, a bill that overhauled the National Park Service
Concession Program and instilled for the first time competition into
the contract process. Specifically, the preferential right of renewal
for an incumbent that grossed more than a half a million dollars
annually was eliminated. In section 403, subsection 2, the National
Parks Omnibus Management Act of 1998 says: ``Prior to awarding a new
concession contract, including renewals or extension of existing
contracts for concessions, the Secretary shall publicly solicit
proposals for a concessions contract.''
It was clearly the intent of Congress to put an end to the Park
Service's age-old practice of indefinitely renewing existing contracts
to the detriment of each park's service, was it not, Mr. Chairman?
Mr. PEARCE. Will the gentleman from New York yield?
Mr. WEINER. Certainly I will.
Mr. PEARCE. The gentleman from New York is right. It was and
continues to be the intent of Congress that the National Park Service
open contracts to competition upon their termination.
Mr. WEINER. Reclaiming my time. However, when Circle Line's contract
expired in 2004, the Park Service utilized language in the 1998 act
providing the Secretary with extension authority and awarded Circle
Line a 3-year extension, did it not, Mr. Chairman?
Mr. PEARCE. If the gentleman from New York will yield?
Mr. WEINER. Certainly I will.
Mr. PEARCE. The Service did indeed extend the Circle Line contract
from March 31, 2004, to March 2007 due to a number of factors stemming
from the events of September 11, including the fact, as my colleague
knows, that the statue was closed to the public from 9/11 through
August 2004. During this time, Liberty Island underwent an extensive
security and safety assessment that focused on a number of
vulnerabilities such as the statue's 3/32 of an inch thick skin, and
local park officials spent much more time focusing on those issues than
preparing for a new contract prospectus. Obviously, they dropped the
ball.
Mr. WEINER. Reclaiming my time. Mr. Chairman, now as we approach the
expiration of the extended 2004 contract, I have been informed, as have
my colleagues on the authorizing and appropriations committees, that
the National Park Service will not have a prospectus on the street to
solicit bids and award a new contract by the expiration of the current
Circle Line contract in March 2007 when the 3-year renewal is scheduled
to expire, meaning that the Circle Line contract will have been
extended again.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. If the gentleman will yield.
Mr. WEINER. I am happy to yield to the chairman.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. The gentleman from New York is right,
the National Park Service has notified the Interior Appropriations
Subcommittee that due to its inability to complete an open bid before
the expiration of the current extension in April 2007, the Park Service
will have to temporarily
[[Page H2848]]
extend Circle Line's contract once again to prevent the disruption of
service to Liberty Island.
Mr. WEINER. Reclaiming my time, I thank the chairman. Mr. Chairman,
would Chairman Taylor, Ranking Member Dicks and Chairman Pearce agree
with me that the National Park Service has failed to heed Congress's
direction that expiring contracts are to be put to bid on schedule, and
that extending the Circle Line contract beyond March of 2007 should be
called into question?
Would they further agree to work with me to ensure that those who are
responsible for ignoring Congress's intent are held accountable?
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. If the gentleman will yield.
Mr. WEINER. I certainly will.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. I agree with the gentleman from New
York that the Circle Line contract set to expire March 2007 should not
be extended. I look forward to working with the gentleman from New
York, the chairman of the authorizing committee and the ranking member
of this subcommittee to ensure that the new contract is in place as
soon as possible and those responsible for the current delay are held
accountable.
Mr. WEINER. Reclaiming my time, I thank the chairman.
Mr. PEARCE. If the gentleman will yield.
Mr. WEINER. Certainly I will yield.
Mr. PEARCE. I agree also with the gentleman from New York that the
Circle Line contract set to expire on March 2007 should not be
extended. I look forward to working with the gentleman from New York
and the chairman and ranking member of the appropriations subcommittee
to ensure that a new contract is in place as soon as possible and those
responsible for the current delay are held to account for their
actions.
{time} 1900
I also thank the gentleman for bringing this problem to my attention.
With over 600 concession-related contracts in the National Park system,
it is difficult for me and the subcommittee staff to always stay on top
of these ongoing deadlines.
Mr. WEINER. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I thank the chairman.
Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. WEINER. I yield to the gentleman from Washington.
Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, I want to thank the gentleman from New York
for his leadership on this issue. I look forward to working with him,
with the chairman, and with the authorizing committee to ensure that a
new contract is in place as soon as possible and those responsible for
the current delay are held to account.
Mr. WEINER. Mr. Chairman, I want to thank Mr. Dicks, and I also want
to extend my gratitude to Mike Stephens of your staff, Deb Weatherly of
Mr. Taylor's staff, and Rob Howarth of Mr. Pearce's staff for their
cooperation.
Mr. Chairman, I submit the following articles for the Record.
[From the New York Times, Aug. 4, 2004]
Liberty Is Open Again to the Masses, But Just to the Hem of Her Robes
(By Carolyn Curiel)
For anyone who has ever trekked up the spiral staircase of
the Statue of Liberty and peered through the crown's narrow
windows, the statue's reopening this week, for the first time
since the 9/11 attacks, is bittersweet. Its surrounding
grounds and facilities have been spruced up, and members of
the National Park Service gamely claim that the statue, an
international icon, is better than ever. But there's no way
to ignore the loss of what was the main attraction: tourists
can no longer knock themselves out by climbing those storied
354 steps.
It's perhaps an unavoidable result of the vigilance against
terrorism, but a sad one nonetheless. The new tour stops
short of the hem of Liberty's robes, at the top of her thick
concrete pedestal, in a room that holds only 30 people at a
time, or about 3,000 people a day who are quickly shuffled in
and out. While a guide gives a short talk and shows a video,
tourists are invited to look up at the ceiling, where a few
glass panels give a glimpse of a few feet of the interior.
Tourists can also step into the open air on a deck that lines
the pedestal. That's as good as it gets. And that's only
after each visitor is screened twice, by X-ray and metal
detectors before boarding a ferry to the monument, and then
on the premises by new scanners looking for explosives and
narcotics.
Throughout the statue's base are monitors showing the
routes to the nearest exits in case of an emergency, while
across the bottom scrolls a constant message: ``If you see
something, say something.'' Oddly enough, this antiterrorism
mantra, which appears in bilingual postings in city subways
and buses, is only in English at this symbol of America's
polyglot immigration.
Larry Parkinson, a deputy assistant secretary for law
enforcement and security at the Interior Department, says
greater access to the statue itself has not been ruled out.
But it isn't in the works right now, and the motives for
caution seem to stretch beyond security. There is concern
about wear and tear on the statue. The people who used to
climb the stairs were apparently not unlike those
unconscionable climbers of Everest who left behind proof of
their presence in the form of garbage--in this case, mostly
chewing gum and food refuse.
But it's hard to avoid the impression that the officials
who spent millions in private and public funds to restore and
fortify the statue don't want anyone to mess it up. With the
nonprofit charity that has been in charge of soliciting
donations under fire for paying its executives too much
money, this seems like a time when everyone should be trying
to make things as accessible as possible.
Obviously, security will have to come first, but visitors
to the Statue of Liberty, the symbol of American freedom,
shouldn't be constrained forever.
____
[From the Daily News, May 7, 2006]
Carrying a Torch
Sen. Bob Menendez did his best at Interior Secretary
nominee Dirk Kempthorne's confirmation hearing last week. The
New Jersey Democrat eloquently explained why the Statue of
Liberty must be reopened to the public, and he pressed
Kempthorne to explain when that might happen. But the Idaho
governor has his bureauspeak down pat. He can answer a
question while saying nothing at all.
Menendez is to be thanked for raising the issue of how Lady
Liberty is being held hostage by the National Park Service
(under Interior Department auspices) and the Statue of
Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation. Since Liberty Island was
closed 9/11, only the pedestal has reopened, despite much-
improved security measures for the island and the statue. The
public is denied access to the crown and the spiral staircase
leading there--a staircase trod by multitudes before the feds
began cowering.
Citing those new security measures, Menendez told
Kempthorne: ``I hope that you will help us liberate Lady
Liberty. We should not buckle in to the fear of terrorism. We
should let Americans travel to the top of Lady Liberty.''
Exactly.
Then Menendez expressed hope that Secretary Kempthorne
``would make a commitment'' to do what is necessary to reopen
the statue in its entirety. Responded Kempthorne: ``I will
take your counsel'' and ``look into'' how access can be
expanded ``while understanding that we want to make sure that
it is done safely.'' And yada yada yada.
Americans are sick of double-talk. Open the statue. All of
it.
____
[From the Daily News, May 4, 2006]
Liberate Lady Liberty
The Statue of Liberty, held hostage by the Interior
Department and the National Park Service, has a new champion
in Senator Robert Menendez who, it is hoped, will be able to
free her from the bureaucratic shackles that have imprisoned
her since 9/11. Today, Menendez and the rest of the Energy
and Natural Resources Committee will hold a confirmation
hearing for Interior Secretary-nominee Idaho Gov. Dirk
Kempthorne, at which time the New Jersey Democrat will demand
answers and action to ensure Lady Liberty is open to the
public, which she is not, despite lies by the feds and their
nonprofit fund-raising partner, the Statue of Liberty-Ellis
Island Foundation.
All that is open is the pedestal. Visitors can look up her
skirts. They cannot, as had been the case before 9/11, climb
the spiral stairway to her crown. She has become the Statue
of Cowardice, thanks to the people who run Liberty Island and
are terrified of terrorism.
Aren't we all? No. We are aware of it and wary of it, but
we are not terrified. If we were, this whole city--full as it
is of ripe, potential targets--would have shut down. If we
were, the terrorists would have won. Thus far, they can claim
victory over only the statue.
Though strict security measures have been implemented--
reserved admission, repeat metal detection--the frightened
feds are loath to let visitors climb the statue. The entire
situation is shameful. May Menendez bring that to the
attention of Kempthorne, and the entire nation, and may there
be such an outcry as to break the chains that bind Miss
Liberty and make her a laughingstock for Al Qaeda.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Garrett of New Jersey
Mr. GARRETT of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Garrett of New Jersey:
At the end of the bill (before the short title), insert the
following:
TITLE VI--ADDITIONAL GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 601. None of the funds made available in this Act may
be used to send or otherwise
[[Page H2849]]
pay for the attendance of more than 50 employees from a
Federal department or agency at any single conference
occurring outside the United States.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the
gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Garrett) and a Member opposed each will
control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from New Jersey.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. GARRETT of New Jersey. I yield to the gentleman from North
Carolina.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, we will accept the
amendment.
Mr. GARRETT of New Jersey. I appreciate that, and I will be very
brief, just to say that Members on both sides of the aisle may disagree
on exactly how we got to this point, but I think most people will agree
that our deficit in this country is too high.
If people watched TV last night and watched the debates on the floor
with regard to our budget, there was much disagreement on our spending
levels and the like. But one thing we all came to agreement on at the
end of the evening is that we are spending too much and that when we
spend too much it creates a deficit. So when we can at an appropriate
time try to limit and rein in those spendings, I think that is an
appropriate and common sense approach to do that. To do that we have
this amendment.
This amendment is basically to say that when Federal agencies travel
overseas on international conferences there should be some limit as to
how many members and their staff goes. The amendment picks out a
reasonable number and that is 50.
No one would disagree with the fact that we should attend
international conferences and no one would disagree with the fact that
we should allow staff to go to them. Our amendment simply says that
only essential staff should attend those conferences, and we therefore
set a limited number.
I appreciate the fact that the chairman has agreed to this amendment
in past legislation, and I certainly appreciate the fact that the
amendment once again is agreed to by the chairman at this point in time
as well.
Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. Does any Member claim time in opposition to the
amendment?
If not, the question is on the amendment offered by the gentleman
from New Jersey (Mr. Garrett).
The amendment was agreed to.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Gary G. Miller of California
Mr. GARY G. MILLER of California. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Gary G. Miller of California:
At the end of the bill, before the short title, insert the
following:
TITLE VI--ADDITIONAL GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 601. No funds made available by this Act may be
obligated or expended to conduct the San Gabriel Watershed
and Mountains Special Resource Study (authorized by the San
Gabriel River Watershed Study Act (Public Law 108-42)) in the
cities of Diamond Bar, La Habra, Industry, Chino Hills, and
the community of Rowland Heights in Los Angeles County,
California (as defined by the following boundaries: the City
of Industry on the north, Orange County on the south, the
City of Diamond Bar and California State Route 57 on the
east, and the City of La Habra Heights and Schabarum Regional
Park on the west.).
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the
gentleman from California (Mr. Gary G. Miller) and a Member opposed
each will control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from California.
Mr. GARY G. MILLER of California. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such
time as I may consume.
In 2003, I was approached by the chairman of the Resources Committee,
Richard Pombo, and he was asked to put language in a bill that would
authorize the National Park Service, San Gabriel Valley Watershed and
Mountain Special Resource Study to survey the San Gabriel River and its
tributaries and the San Gabriel Mountains north of, and including, the
City of Santa Fe Springs to determine if any resources are available
for National Park Service designation. And when he approached me, it
was because I am from the region, and we looked at the maps. His staff
determined that this had no impact on my district. I agreed, when I
reviewed the language, that it had no impact on my district.
However, since then the National Park Service has been conducting
public hearings in my district. The cities that they have been
conducted in have stated very clearly, the cities I mentioned in my
amendment to be removed, that they do not want to be part of the study.
My city is clearly not in San Gabriel Mountains nor is it north of
Santa Fe Springs. It is clearly far to the east of Santa Fe Springs. My
cities have no affiliation with the National Park Service nor do they
believe they should be part of the National Park Service.
My reason for not objecting to this when the language was presented
to me was I was assured by Chairman Pombo that this would not impact my
district. In fact, the chairman wholeheartedly supports my language in
this amendment that is asking that no funds made available by this act
may be obligated or expended to conduct the survey in the cities listed
within my amendment.
We worked with the National Park Service. We have tried to get them
to eliminate our cities. In fact, Chairman Lewis today even called them
and asked them once again to delete these cities from that study. They
said they believed they had congressional authorization, although the
committee chairman believes that is not the case. And what we are
saying is I have no problem with what any other Member of Congress
wants to do within their district. In fact, when this was proposed to
me I supported what they wanted to do because it is their district.
Introduction
This amendment is simple. It only affects the communities within my
district who do not want to be the subject of a Federal National Park
Service study.
My amendment would exclude cities within my congressional district
(and one neighboring city) from a study being conducted by the National
Park Service (NPS): ``the San Gabriel River Watershed and Mountains
Special Resource Study.''
National Park Service Study Has Gone Beyond Congressional Intent
In 2003, Congress authorized the National Park Service San Gabriel
Watershed and Mountains Special Resource Study to survey the ``San
Gabriel River and its tributaries and the San Gabriel Mountains, north
of, and including the city of Santa Fe Springs'' to determine if any
resources are available for National Park Service designation.
Let me be clear--My district is not in the San Gabriel Mountains, nor
does it contain a tributary, and it is not north of Santa Fe Springs.
It is east of the area that was authorized to be studied.
I did not oppose the original authorization of this study because,
according to my interpretation of the language, my district would not
be affected.
I strongly believe that the inclusion of cities in my district in the
NPS study went beyond the scope of the congressional authorization.
My cities do not want their land to be added to the National Park
System
We have reached out to the NPS on numerous occasions asking them to
remove these cities from the study--they have refused.
I rise today to ask that you support my efforts to ensure these
cities are not forced to be included in a study they did not seek.
This amendment does not affect any other cities in the study than
those in my district (plus the City of Industry) that have asked to be
excluded.
If other members want their cities to continue to be included in the
study, then this amendment will not affect them.
The bottom line is that I represent these cities and they have told
me they do not want to be included in this study.
Conclusion
The cities in the 42nd Congressional District, which I represent,
have worked hard to address the challenges associated with the rapid
pace of growth in our region, including finding innovative solutions to
manage future development, alleviate traffic congestion, and preserve
open space.
These cities are in the best position to make decisions regarding
land use within their boundaries and I am opposed to any federal action
that falsely conveys the perception that this authority might be
curtailed in the future.
The results of this study could ultimately be used to compromise the
ability of local governments to decide what is best for their
communities.
[[Page H2850]]
Land management responsibility and decision-making should be made at
the local level where officials have a clear understanding of community
needs.
Existing land use management by local municipalities is preferable to
Federal involvement in this rapidly growing region.
I urge my colleagues to support my efforts to protect the communities
that I represent.
A vote in favor of this amendment is a vote against spending Federal
dollars where they are not welcomed.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. GARY G. MILLER of California. I yield to the gentleman from North
Carolina.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I understand there is
opposition being included in the Special Resource Study currently being
conducted by the National Park Service.
Would the gentleman agree to work with the ranking member and myself
to see if we can resolve that?
Mr. GARY G. MILLER of California. Yes. I would ask that my amendment
be adopted, but I would be happy to work with you.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I have no objection to
the amendment.
Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. GARY G. MILLER of California. I yield to the gentleman from
Washington.
Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, I agree that there is still some confusion
over this, but for the sake of moving the process forward, we will
cooperate with the gentleman. But we need to be able to work this out.
Mr. GARY G. MILLER of California. Absolutely. Reclaiming my time, Mr.
Chairman, I would do nothing to impact anybody else's district. The
cities delineated within the amendment are clearly under my purview,
and they all have issued letters requesting to be removed; so I would
be happy to work with the gentleman.
Ms. SOLIS. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the amendment
sponsored by Congressman Miller. This amendment is based on a
fundamentally flawed understanding of the study process incorporated in
the legislation which I authored and which was signed into law on July
1, 2003 and would result in a change in the study design.
The San Gabriel River Watershed Study Act was signed into law on July
1, 2003 after a lengthy effort to build consensus, an effort which
included outreach to and coordination with all the members of the San
Gabriel Valley delegation, including the Representatives of Diamond
Bar, La Habra Industry, Chino Hills, and the unincorporated area of Los
Angeles County in the community of Rowland Heights. As a result of this
effort, the legislation passed the U.S. House of Representatives with
broad support.
Congressman Radanovich noted in a letter to the editor on August 4,
2002, that ``the legislative process works best when those with
differing views get together to resolve those differences and arrive at
solutions that are responsible, workable and widely acceptable. That is
what happened in this instance.'' I am proud of the iterative and
compromising process by which this legislation was drafted and enacted.
In fact, upon passage, Representative Pombo noted that this bill
``enjoys the broad support of both the majority and the minority, and I
urge my colleagues to support it.''
During this process, the boundaries of the study were clearly
defined. According to the legislative text, the Secretary of the
Interior shall conduct a special resource study of the following areas:
(1) the San Gabriel River and its tributaries north of and including
the city of Sante Fe Springs, and (2) the San Gabriel Mountains within
the territory of the San Gabriel and Lower Los Angeles Rivers and
Mountains Conservancy--as defined in section 32603(c)(1)(C) of the
State California Public Resource Code. This study was directed to be
done in consultation with Federal, State and local governments,
including the San Gabriel and Lower Los Angeles Rivers and Mountains
Conservancy and other appropriate Federal, State and local governmental
entities. These areas were chosen for their importance in the regional
watershed.
During consideration of this legislation, the Department of the
Interior recognized the need for this study. It noted that:
The watershed of the San Gabriel River contains important
natural resources which are disappearing throughout Los
Angeles County. Continuous greenbelt corridors provided by
the river serve as habitat for breeding, feeding, resting or
migration birds and mammals, which allows migration to take
place through developed areas. The rugged terrain of the
higher reaches of the watershed contains different
vegetations including rock outcroppings and vegetation native
to the Pacific Coast foothills. This area also has a rich
cultural heritage which is evident by the large number of
historically significant properties within the proposed study
area. Among them is the Mission San Gabriel Archangel,
founded in 1771 by the Spanish missionaries who were moving
up the coast of California.
The Department of Interior also noted that this study would have to
examine a number of alternatives for protecting resources in the area.
Specifically the Department of the Interior stated:
Alternatives to federal management of resources are often
considered in a special resource study for this type of area
including national trail designations, national heritage area
designations, and the provision of technical assistance to
state and local governments for conservation of rivers,
trails, natural areas, and cultural resources. A study of an
area where land ownership and jurisdictional boundaries are
as complex as they are in the San Gabriel River Watershed
would likely emphasize public-private partnerships.
This study provides a multitude of opportunities for public comment.
The National Park Service has made accommodations to boundaries where
these changes do not alter the intent of the study. In its final report
to Congress, the National Park Service will make recommendations and
include with those recommendations the comments provided by the local
stakeholders. Additional legislative acts of Congress would be required
before any recommendation could be implemented. This action would
require local and Federal support. By design, no action could be
implemented as a result of this study without consent.
This study provides our communities with a very rare opportunity to
develop a plan to bring and protect natural resources in our area for
future generations. Many of the possible recommendations could result
in additional monies being brought to the community, improved health
for our children, and high property values at no loss of local control.
I am proud that this process is a transparent one which provides all
stakeholders an equal opportunity to participate in the process of
developing recommendations for future consideration and commenting on
particular land use needs. The National Park Service is committed to
finding creative ways to help improve the community and I encourage
everyone to think outside of what is perceived as the traditional
Federal land management process.
I believe the concerns represented by those in support of this
amendment are unfounded based on the legislative record and encourage
all stakeholders to work together to come to an agreement which
preserves the intent of the authorizing legislation. I oppose this
amendment because I believe the legislative record provides ample
support for the inclusion of these areas and provides ample protections
for local landowners, stakeholders, and other interested parties.
The CHAIRMAN. Does any Member claim the time in opposition to the
amendment?
If not, the question is on the amendment offered by the gentleman
from California (Mr. Gary G. Miller).
The amendment was agreed to.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Oberstar
Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Oberstar:
At the end of the bill (before the short title), insert the
following:
TITLE VI--ADDITIONAL GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 601. None of the funds in this Act may be used by the
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to
implement or enforce the Joint Memorandum published in the
Federal Register on January 15, 2003 (68 Fed. Reg. 1995).
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the
gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Oberstar) and a Member opposed each will
control 15 minutes.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of
order on the amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. A point of order has been reserved.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Minnesota.
Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may
consume.
The amendment that the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Dingell), the
gentleman from Iowa (Mr. Leach), and I and others offer today will
define where we stand on protecting water quality in America. Will we
allow the Federal Water Pollution Act, the Clean Water Act, to be a
national program, as it was intended by Congress when written and
enacted in 1972, to protect the Nation's waters; or will we allow it
[[Page H2851]]
simply to become a limited program that abandons the national priority
for clean water by leaving a rather substantial number of lakes,
streams, and wetlands unprotected?
This bipartisan amendment we offer would prevent the Administrator of
the Environmental Protection Agency from implementing or enforcing the
wetlands policy guidance issued in a joint memorandum of EPA and the
Corps of Engineers in 2003. That memorandum was drafted in response to
the U.S. Supreme Court decision in the Solid Waste Agency of North Cook
County against Army Corps of Engineers, commonly known as the SWANCC
case. The EPA's guidance in pursuance of the court's decision goes well
beyond what the court directed. The court held that the Clean Water Act
jurisdiction did not extend to isolated intrastate waters where
jurisdiction is asserted solely on the presence of migratory birds. But
the joint memorandum, EPA expanded upon the case and made it more
difficult to protect all intrastate waters regardless of impact on
water quality or on commerce. Our amendment would prevent EPA from
implementing that unsound policy.
With our amendment EPA and the Corps of Engineers will once again be
able to follow their own regulations and procedures in determining what
waters are subject to protection under the Clean Water Act. If the
amendment is defeated, streams, ponds, wetlands will continue to endure
unregulated wastewater and other damaged water discharges. The result
will be loss of habitat for waterfowl, loss of habitat for wildlife,
endangered wildlife, increased frequency and increased severity of
flooding and increased risk of drinking water and polluted groundwater
supplies.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my reservation
of point of order and claim the time in opposition to the amendment.
The Acting CHAIRMAN (Mr. Gutknecht). The gentleman from North
Carolina will control 15 minutes.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of
my time.
Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentlewoman from
Texas (Ms. Eddie Bernice Johnson).
Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Chairman, let me thank the
leaders of this amendment, Mr. Oberstar, Mr. Leach, Mr. Dingell, to
protect water quality.
This amendment reverses the harmful policy of EPA and the Corps of
Engineers that empowers regulators to allow the pollution of waters and
destruction of wetlands but eliminates the authority of local
regulators to protect waters from such pollution and destruction.
Since January, 2003, EPA and the Corps have restricted the ability of
their own personnel to implement regulations that have been in use
since 1986. These regulations are valid, understood in the regulated
community, and are the method we use to protect some 20 percent of the
Nation's waters. The Nation's ponds, streams, rivers, lakes, and
wetlands can be no healthier than the headwaters and runoff that feed
them.
Since EPA guidance was put in place in 2003, regulators have allowed
the pollution and destruction of these critical waters, imperiling the
health of the entire aquatic system.
This amendment is not about stopping the direct pollution of our
great rivers such as the Mississippi or the Trinity River, which flows
through my home city of Dallas. It is about protecting the waters that
feed into these systems and that serve as the origins of these great
rivers. When we fail to protect smaller bodies of water, we lose the
flood control, water supply, water filtering, and habitat benefits that
these waters provide.
Waters that may appear isolated on the surface tend to be
interconnected with the ground and surface waters elsewhere. We cannot
simply ignore the connections among and the values of all of the
Nation's waters.
I support this bipartisan amendment and urge all of my colleagues to
join me in voting ``yes.''
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time
as I may consume.
I would like to oppose this amendment strongly. On January 9, 2001,
the Supreme Court ruled that there must be a significant and important
connection between traditional navigable waterways and the wetlands or
waters to be regulated by Federal agencies.
The EPA and the Corps of Engineers issued guidance to their field
staff in 2003 clarifying that the Clean Water Act jurisdiction did not
extend to isolated waters that are both intrastate and non-navigable.
This guidance also clarifies that field staff should continue to assert
jurisdiction over traditional navigable waters and adjacent wetlands
and their tributaries systems and adjacent wetlands. Field staff was
directed to make jurisdictional and permitting decisions on a case-by-
case basis.
The plain text of the Clean Water Act emphasizes that Congress
constructed the statute in a manner that intended, as the Supreme Court
has articulated, to ``recognize, preserve, and protect the States'
primary authority and responsibility over local land and water
resources.'' Misguided efforts to expand the geographical scope of the
Clean Water Act will create and exacerbate local land and water
resource decisions with burdensome and costly Federal controls.
I will give you an example. Right now the Clean Water Act is being
used in farms, with livestock, cattle primarily, to try to clean the
streams where cattle are grazing.
{time} 1915
If we allow the situation we have here for navigable waters to be
translated to ditches, small tributaries with an ounce of water, the
soil conservation today, and we are providing grants for soil
conservation to take those streams, provide drinking water for cattle,
and then enable them to go back into a stream which is fenced off, if
we rule according to what has been asked here, we will find that the
soil conservation will be barred from doing any sort of work in
cleaning water. We will actually get dirtier water. We could have up to
six agencies get involved in trying to clean up water on a farm. Not
only will the cost be prohibitive, but the bureaucracy, because many of
those agencies do not agree in this thing.
Eliminating this guidance will create confusion and could lead to the
classification of ditches, drains, curbs, roads, gutters and erosion
features as ``navigable water of the United States.'' Clearly, this
goes beyond common sense, but it won't be the first time that the
Federal Government has tried to force something like this.
Such an expansive regulatory reach would have the Federal Government
interfering and frustrating local decisions regarding construction,
operation, maintenance, management, transportation, flood control, and
agricultural production.
For instance, soil water conservation, which would be working with
the farmer, has an elected delegation inside the county, as well as the
State delegations elected, and they are trying to do the right thing,
and we are spending Federal money to help it. This could be stopped by
the Corps of Engineers simply for bureaucratic action.
Eliminating this guidance would require Federal oversight of ditches,
storm drains and sewers. These are local structures that are
constructed and managed and maintained at the local level. We don't
want the Corps of Engineers and all the bureaucracy that would be
entailed to get down to a small storm drain or a small ounce of water
on a farm. The cost would be prohibitive, and it would go against what
the Clean Water Act is trying to do, and that is clean water for a
special agriculture problem.
One critical consideration is the Supreme Court is expected to rule
in two new Clean Water Act cases prior to the expiration of the current
term in June. The decisions in these cases will provide important
clarification of the geographic scope of the Clean Water Act
jurisdiction. We should not act at this time on issues that are being
actively deliberated by the Supreme Court.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Chairman, I yield 4 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman Michigan (Mr. Dingell), who, along with my predecessor, John
Blotnick, was the original inventor of the clean water program.
[[Page H2852]]
(Mr. DINGELL asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Chairman, I thank my dear friend from Minnesota, who
has done so much for the natural resources of this country and for the
protection of its waters. I salute you, Jim.
When the original Clean Water Act and its amendments were passed, the
waters of this country were so filthy that they were unsafe for
recreational purposes, for swimming, for drinking and even for
industry. Imagine that. And we were ditching, draining, drilling and
drying our wetlands at a pace which was unbelievably bad for the
country. We also were destroying in that process not only wildlife
habitat, but one of the finest natural flood control systems that has
ever been devised by the mind and hand of the almighty God.
Now, in the debates on the Clean Water Act, if you read the history,
you will find that there the managers of the bill in a colloquy with me
said that this law was to cover all navigable waters of the United
States and all waters that affected the navigable waters of the United
States, and that has been the settled interpretation of the law ever
since. It has stopped the drainage and the drying up of our wetlands.
It has done an enormous amount of good to clean up the waters, so that
now they can be used for swimming and boating and recreation and
industry and irrigation and other things which were not available
before.
If you will but take a look, you will find the consequences of this
understanding which this amendment would deny funding for. The guidance
that we are talking about has wiped out the protections for bodies of
water like the Sacramento River in New Mexico, a water supply for a
number of communities. Despite being a drinking water source, the
Folsom South Canal in California has been determined not to be water
under the Clean Water Act. Imagine that, if you please. Forested
wetlands in Delaware that connect to the Little River, feeding directly
into Delaware Bay were declared isolated and not covered. An 86-acre
lake in Wisconsin, popular with fishermen, is no longer covered by the
Clean Water Act.
Now, I want to remind my colleagues that not long back, 218 Members
of this body joined in sending a letter to the President of the United
States asking him not to implement the plans that were in the offing in
the administration. That letter was honored by the President
withdrawing the regulatory change, but he left in place the guidance.
The guidance is every bit as bad.
This corrects that situation. It makes it possible for matters to be
corrected so that we can continue the protection of wetlands in the
United States, we can continue to protect our drinking water, our
recreational waters and the waters which are so important and precious
to fish, wildlife, and conservationists.
This is an amendment which will stop wrongdoing. This is an amendment
which will protect the water resources of this country at a time when
the need is clear. This is a proposal which sees to it that the wishes
of 218 Members of this Congress, communicated to the President from
Members from both sides of the aisle, Democrats and Republicans, are
carried forward and that we do serve as wise conservators and
protectors of the natural resources and, above all else, the precious
water of the United States.
I urge the adoption of the amendment offered by my good friend Mr.
Oberstar and by the distinguished gentleman from Iowa, Mr. Leach.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the
gentleman from Utah (Mr. Bishop).
Mr. BISHOP of Utah. Mr. Chairman, I want to introduce you to Gene,
who is a third-generation sugar beet farmer. That is a root crop that
can't grow in wetlands. Nonetheless, his sugar beet farm was ruled by
the Federal Government as a wetland. The reason it was a wetland was
because the creek was connected to his farm by way of an irrigation
ditch with a pipe in it. The water to his wetland went through an
irrigation pipe which he allowed to pool so the higher end of his farm
could actually be irrigated the same way. In our district, 8 days of
irrigation is one of the criteria for a wetland.
I don't believe that those who actually wrote the Clean Water Act
intended an irrigation pipe to be considered one of the navigable
waterways of the United States, but the act is written so loosely and
the interpretation by bureaucrats on the administrative side has been
so perverse that indeed those kinds of decisions have been made in
reality.
The SWANCC decision by the courts simply said enough is enough. We
need to bring some element of logic, write some rules that actually are
the intention of this particular act. So Gene, when he took the
irrigation pipe away and the water dried up, was still threatened with
fines because he had interrupted the navigable waterways of the United
States. And when he and his wife for medical needs tried to use the
only asset that they had, which was their farm, and they tried to sell
it for their needs and their family needs, the value of their farm was
shot, because this is now farmlands. They were forced to sell their
property for one-quarter of the value of the exact neighboring farm
with the same kind of crops on the same road.
What we are doing with the Clean Water Act, as it is being
interpreted, is hurting people. We are taking their property rights
away without any kind of compensation from the Federal Government and
forcing them to suffer. We are forcing them to try and prove to the
person who made the original accusation that his accusation was
inaccurate.
For example, when the water actually dried up on his property, the
person who made this request, who made this declaration it was water
land, simply said we are in a drought cycle; we have to wait until we
have a wet cycle in Utah to see if the water will return automatically
by itself.
This is unfair to people. And this amendment, well-intentioned as it
is, just like the law, well-intentioned as it is, in its practice hurts
people. It hurts real people in the United States, and that is not why
we are here.
I urge you to reject this amendment. Let the SWANCC decision go
forward, so logical rules on how we deal with real people can be put
into place.
Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman from New York (Mr. Boehlert).
(Mr. BOEHLERT asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. BOEHLERT. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of this
amendment. This amendment has a very clear purpose, to ensure that the
Clean Water Act, one of the most vital and effective laws, to ensure
that the Clean Water Act protects as many waters as possible.
The Environmental Protection Agency has issued guidance that, sadly,
has the effect of limiting the application of the Clean Water Act.
There is no good reason to do that. The guidance goes beyond any
limitation that was necessary because of the Supreme Court ruling in
what is known as the SWANCC case, and the guidance is not even helpful.
The Government Accountability Office has documented that the guidance
is actually causing confusion and inconsistent interpretation of the
law. Some guidance.
The guidance is so misguided, that 2 years ago, 218 Members of this
House, a bipartisan group, wrote to the EPA asking that the guidance
not be implemented. Our call went unheeded, so we need to send a
stronger message here and now.
We need to block the implementation of this guidance to protect our
Nation's waters. This amendment will not prevent EPA from issuing new,
more thoughtful guidance; but this amendment will prevent a rollback of
the Clean Water Act.
I urge my colleagues to vote for this amendment.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Peterson).
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I rise to support the
chairman in opposition to this amendment. I have 8 years of local
government experience, 30 years of small-town business experience, and
19 years of State government experience before I came here; and I can't
tell you the time I have spent bringing reason to wetland designation
in my district.
The problem we have had, and what I believe the creep here is, we are
going
[[Page H2853]]
to bring EPA and put them in charge of wetlands in small-town USA
neighborhoods that are not real wetlands; they are wet spots. They are
spots where someone has put dirt in an appropriate place and water no
longer drains, and we now have a few cattails and certain grass is
growing, and it is determined a wetland.
I can't tell you the cases where companies who build a new building,
when they did their soil movement afterwards, didn't get good drainage,
had a wet spot, and when they went to expand their building, they
couldn't because it was declared a wetland. It took a year or two for
them to litigate it.
I have farmers who have had to stop farming fields because they were
cleaning out the ditches and the corps came by and said you can't clean
that ditch, a ditch your father put in with Federal support to drain so
you could farm those fields.
{time} 1930
I have one near Titusville, Pennsylvania where they stopped the
construction of a new building. Do you know what the site was? It was
wet. There was grasses and cattails growing there. There were three
railroad tracks there where there used to be a factory. It was on top
of a landfill. It was the old city dump.
Folks, it was not a wetland, but it was declared a wetland because it
was wet on top. Drainage was no longer available. Water was standing
there. Folks, our local soil conservation people are diligent in our
rural areas in dealing with these issues. We do not need EPA officials
and Corps officials boring down the backs and stopping what little
growth and prosperity we have in rural America by regulating every wet
spot and drainage ditch that has a cattail or certain grasses growing.
Mr. Chairman, we need to not expand their ability.
Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Chairman, may I inquire of the chairman of the
subcommittee how many speakers he has remaining?
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, we have one more.
Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman
from Maryland (Mr. Gilchrest).
Mr. GILCHREST. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from Minnesota for
yielding me time.
Mr. Chairman, what I would like to do for my colleagues is to
demonstrate the 1987 manual of the Army Corps of Engineers to determine
what is a jurisdictional wetland that is associated with navigable
waters, which gives the Army Corps of Engineers, through the Clean
Water Act, as passed by both Houses of Congress and signed into law by
the President. The Clean Water Act is to make sure that waters of the
United States are clean, and the Corps of Engineers determines what are
waters of the United States. So the experiment is as follows.
Gravity pulls water downhill. So the 1987 manual of the Army Corps of
Engineers, to determine what are waters of the United States so that
the Federal Government can protect those waters from pollution,
determines that in three ways.
What is the soil type? What is the vegetation in that area? And what
is the hydrology of that area? If it meets that criteria and it comes
under their jurisdiction, it means that no matter where that water is,
if it runs downhill and eventually gets miles away to a stream or a
tributary that runs into navigable waters or the seas, that what you do
in that isolated wetland, if the hydrology is such that it moves with
gravity, will eventually pollute the navigable waters or seas of the
United States.
And so the Federal Government has decided to use its resources in a
reasonable, practicable way, based on the 1987 manual, to ensure that
waters of the United States, of which we all depend, are not polluted.
And in most instances, I represent an agricultural district with a lot
of wetlands, on the Delmarva Peninsula. Those areas in my district, an
agricultural community that depends on agriculture, that depends on
silviculture, that depends on the fishing community to harvest their
striped bass or eels or catfish or whatever, we have understood the
compatibility of human activity with nature's design. And we want to
ensure that that is still in law and that our waters of the United
States can continue to be protected.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time
as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, the gentleman ought to go talk to his farmers more,
because if this passes the farmer will soon find out, Mr. Chairman,
that he no longer can drain even a few drops of water out of his ditch
and try to collect it or put it in a way that he can responsibly manage
his farm, even if that has been done for years and years.
The Soil and Water Conservation has tried working with the EPA in
this Clean Water Act to put common sense into these measures, to try to
see that reality happens, that you can farm in a responsible way. In
fact, they are doing more to clean up the water, especially in farms,
by putting in systems that are drained into a central watering spot
that is covered by fabric and stone, and then the cow will not
contaminate the water that goes in it, rather than going into the
streams themselves.
Now, there is much government money going into this. But the Corps
right now will stop that any time, any time that they get a chance. And
I know that in my home. And that is why the Farm Bureau is against this
group, the Home Builders, the American Forest and Paper, the National
Association of Realtors, the National Rural Electric Cooperatives, and
the Edison Electric Institute, the National Grange, the National
Association of Counties, the National Cattlemen, and the National Corn
Growers, because it goes beyond common sense.
We have been successful. I worked with the EPA, and we have tried to
fund the EPA for clean water. But what we find often is if we have a
rule, some people think that if we double or triple that rule it will
be better. Actually, after you start and get a certain distance with
that rule, it becomes corrupting in the sense that it disrupts the
whole purpose of the original rule.
And that is what we are about to have here. The individuals
landowners and the taxpayers certainly know what they can do inside
small watershed areas. And the Soil and Water Conservation would be
directly against this type of program, because they cannot have six
agencies trying to manage the farms of the American people.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Chairman, since the gentleman has either himself or
perhaps one other speaker remaining, I yield myself the balance of our
time.
Mr. Chairman, the previous speakers have missread the issue. The
holding by the Supreme Court very clearly stated, this is the exact
language, says that the Clean Water Act jurisdiction cannot be asserted
based solely on the presence of migratory birds.
Previous speakers have alluded to other issues that have nothing to
do with the question at hand. So the Corps of Engineers no longer can
make decisions based on presence of migratory birds. Now, if we take
the interpretation of what the Corps of Engineers and the EPA have done
in previous cases and applied it to the district of the gentleman in
the chair, presiding at this moment, we would not have been able to put
in place very likely, the Rochester Flood Control Project and the Soil
and Water Conservation projects investing over $100 million dollars to
protect the City of Rochester from flooding.
Mr. Chairman, that just does not make sense. Now, all of those who
have said the Clean Water Act meant this and meant that, I was on the
staff at the time of the Clean Water Act passage in the House. In fact,
I was involved in drafting the language that is at stake here.
The issues that the gentleman, the chairman of the subcommittee
raised, have to do with nonpoint-source discharges. We have many farms
across this country, including some in my district, where cattle, dairy
cows go right up to the water's edge and do what cows do in the water,
and that pollutes the water for the guy downstream. You do not want
that to happen. Well, habitat, increased severity of flooding are
issues related to this matter that we are discussing here.
What we want to do is to restore to the Corps of Engineers its
ability to protect these endangered waters, not to deal with some
little puddle that
[[Page H2854]]
was there once in 50 years and not to have the Corps declare that this
is wetlands simply because a migratory bird came over it at one time or
another.
The Supreme Court said, no, you cannot do that to the Corps of
Engineers. We are trying to restore responsibility and authority to the
Clean Water Act so it can be implemented to protect the quality of our
waters, the fishability of our waters, the swimability of our waters
and to protect Americans' clean water future.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I would only point out
that the gentleman's recommendation is entirely contrary to what is
happening in a sense. The Soil and Water Conservation is trying to put
small tributaries underground, put into a pond, a clean water pond,
with fabric around it, and so forth, to cow's activities getting
involved in the water.
Now that is what they are trying to do. The Corps is trying to oppose
them in my own State, time after time. And we may have to get back and
take money away that the Federal Government put forth for the Soil and
Water Conservation, because the Corps bureaucratically says that one
drop of water is in their control and the Corps has no authority.
Now, if you want to pollute streams, enact this bill and you will see
on farms more and more activities that will be ignored. No farmer would
get involved in this, and we will have to have a police state to go by
every cow and every animal to see that there is any compliance.
Right now the farmer knows best and is the best steward of his lands.
He is working with the Soil and Water Conservation, with elected
members from that community, and they are doing a good job. Put more
bureaucracy in it, we will bring it to a halt and create more
pollution.
Mr. Chairman, Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of the clean water
amendment offered by my colleagues Mr. Leach, Mr. Oberstar, and Mr.
Dingell.
This is an important amendment for public health and safe drinking
water, for hunting, boating, and swimming, for protecting homes and
businesses from floods, and for our economy, much of which depends on a
clean environment, especially clean water.
That is why the 1972 Clean Water Act is one of the nation's most
fundamental and popular environmental protection laws. Clean water is
vital to almost every aspect of quality of life in our nation.
The policy adopted by the EPA and Army Corps of Engineers in 2003
undermines the Clean Water Act's promise of clean water for all
Americans and is contrary to the letter and spirit of the law. It
threatens to reverse decades of progress in cleaning up the nation's
waters.
This policy is leaving many wetlands as well as headwater and
seasonal streams without federal limits on water pollution. The policy
tells the agencies' field staff they must get permission before
applying Clean Water Act protections to certain so-called isolated
waters, although that term is not used in the Clean Water Act to
exclude waters from the law, nor is the term even defined in the
policy, leaving it unclear at best what is and is not protected. No
permission is needed before the EPA or Corps staff can deny protections
for waters, and leave them open to pollution from sewage and industrial
wastes, or even destruction.
The total number of streams at risk across the country--and
consequences for drinking water health and safety--are significant and
potentially severe.
Maintaining safe drinking water requires protecting the sources of
drinking water--both surface water and groundwater supplies--from
pollution. The EPA recently concluded that the majority of public
drinking water systems that rely on surface waters get their water from
``source water protection'' areas that contain headwater streams or
seasonal and intermittent streams.
Again, these are the very types of streams both I and my colleagues
offering this amendment believe are most at risk of losing federal
Clean Water Act protections under the agencies' policy.
According to the EPA's letter:
In total, over 90 percent of surface water protection areas
contain start reaches or intermittent/ephemeral streams.
Public drinking water systems which use these intakes (as
well as other sources) are estimated to provide drinking
water to over 110 million people.
If this policy continues, some or all of these source waters could
lose federal Clean Water Act restrictions against water pollution, and
the people who rely on these waters will either pay the price: either
with dirtier water or higher costs for safe drinking water.
I hope all of my colleagues will join me today in voting to reaffirm
protections from all of the nation's waters, including streams and
wetlands, as the Clean Water At has always done. Vote for the Oberstar-
Leach-Dingell clean water amendment.
Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the
Oberstar/Leach/Dingell amendment to H.R. 5386, the Interior-Environment
appropriations bill for fiscal year 2007. As co-chair of the
Congressional Great Lakes Task Force, I believe it is imperative that
we take immediate steps to prevent polluted discharges into streams,
ponds, and wetlands in the Great Lakes basin. The Great Lakes have
already lost more than half of their original wetlands, and invasive
species, non-point source runoff and food web disruptions continue to
threaten the health and sustainability of this delicate ecosystem.
The Oberstar/Leach/Dingell amendment would prohibit the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) from moving forward with a plan that will make
it overly difficult to protect intrastate waters. Should EPA's policy
remain intact, our Great Lakes basin will face greater threats of
pollution to our drinking water, increased frequency and severity of
flooding, and the loss of habitat for waterfowl and endangered
wildlife.
Mr. Chairman, the Oberstar/Leach/Dingell amendment has broad support
among Great Lakes interests, and I strongly urge my colleagues to vote
for it. I am pleased to submit for the Record a letter from the Heal
Our Waters-Great Lakes Coalition in support of this important
amendment.
May 17, 2006.
House of Representatives,
Washington, DC.
Dear Representative: On behalf of the Healing Our Waters-
Great Lakes Coalition, we ask you to vote for the Oberstar-
Leach-Dingell `Clean Water Amendment' to the House's Fiscal
Year 2007 Interior and the Environment Appropriations bill
when it is considered on the floor this week. This amendment
will help protect the remaining wetlands, streams, rivers,
and lakes in the Great Lakes Basin.
The Healing Our Waters Coalition is a group of 85 national,
regional and local organizations working to restore and
protect the Great Lakes. The Coalition represents millions of
Americans that live, work, and love this national treasure.
As you know, the Great Lakes basin is defined by its rich
water resources, its vast sand dunes, biologically rich
coastal marshes, lake plain prairies, blue-ribbon trout
streams, rocky shorelines, sparkling inland lakes, and
diverse wetlands. Yet the wetlands, marshes, and shorelines
people in the region remember are being lost. The Great Lakes
have lost more than half of their original wetlands,
including 90 percent in Ohio and 50 percent in Michigan.
Invasive species, non-point source runoff and food web
disruptions threaten the health and sustainability of this
delicate ecosystem.
In response to these threats, the Great Lakes Regional
Collaboration, which was commissioned by President Bush,
recommended in its December 2005 strategy to restore and
protect the Great Lakes that Congress ensure that all
wetlands are protected, including so-called ``isolated''
wetlands. Yet federal policy not only fails to implement this
simple recommendation, it also puts many of the remaining
Great Lakes wetlands at risk of degradation or destruction.
The Oberstar-Leach-Dingell ``Clean Water Amendment'' ends
the implementation of an out-dated policy put in place by the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2003. EPA's policy
was intended to interpret a narrow U.S. Supreme Court
decision that limited protection for certain socalled
``isolated'' waters. Instead, it threatens--by EPA's own
estimation--the 20 percent of wetlands left in the contiguous
United States and withholds Clean Water Act safeguards from
countless numbers of streams and large lakes. The Oberstar-
Leach-Dingell amendment prohibits funds from being used to
implement a misguided policy that is resulting in the loss of
even more of the Great Lakes precious few wetlands.
Support for ending this policy is not new. 218 members of
the u.S. House of Representatives wrote to the Administration
calling for this policy to be rescinded. It is,
unfortunately, still in effect.
It is time for the federal government to end its out-dated
policy. Great Lakes waters depend upon it. Please vote yes on
the Oberstar/Leach/Dingell Clean Water Amendment.
Sincerely,
Tom Kiernan,
Co-Chair, Healing Our Waters Coalition.
Andy Buchsbaum
Co-Chair Healing Our Waters Coalition.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance
of my time.
The Acting CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Oberstar).
The question was taken; and the Acting Chairman announced that the
noes appeared to have it.
[[Page H2855]]
Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The Acting CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, further
proceedings on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Minnesota
will be postponed.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Conaway
Mr. CONAWAY. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Acting CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Conaway:
At the end of the bill (before the short title), insert the
following:
TITLE VI--ADDITIONAL GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 601. None of the funds made available in this Act may
be used to enforce the National Primary Drinking Water
Regulations for arsenic and radionuclides promulgated under
section 1412(b) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C.
300g-1(b)(4)(E)) in the case of any public water system
serving 10,000 people or less.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of
order on the amendment.
The Acting CHAIRMAN. A point of order is reserved.
Pursuant to the previous order of the House of today, the gentleman
from Texas (Mr. Conaway) and a Member opposed each will control 5
minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Texas.
Mr. CONAWAY. Mr. Chairman, I am sure that you agree that sound
science, not unproven theories be at the root of our Federal drinking
water rules.
Families in rural communities should not be required to pay thousands
of additional dollars each year to comply with regulations that are
founded in theory rather than in fact.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I certainly agree with
the gentleman that the Federal regulations should be based on sound
science, that rural communities should not be unfairly asked to pay
additional, unnecessary costs for their drinking water.
Mr. CONAWAY. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, currently rural
communities across America are being forced to comply with extremely
costly regulations regarding arsenic and radionuclide standards that
have been established by the EPA.
There is no data available to support the assertions made by the EPA
that these regulations materially protect public health and safety. I
am concerned that the current EPA rules are not supported by public
health information, that the results from unvalidated mathematical
models are used to support these rules, and that the rules are
unnecessarily creating a category of radioactive waste for which there
is currently no approved method of disposal.
Mr. Chairman, my comments are supported by the EPA's own statement
and the notice of data availability document from April of 2000. ``EPA
recognizes the inherent uncertainties that exist in estimating health
impacts at the low levels of exposure, and the exposure rates expected
to be present in the environment.
EPA also recognizes that at these levels, the actual health impact
from ingested radionuclides will be difficult if not impossible to
distinguish from natural disease incidences, even using very large
epidemiological studies employing sophisticated statistical analysis.
Mr. Chairman, I believe the rural communities are not protected, but
rather are harmed by water standards that allegedly promote health at
the expense of economic well being. I have rural constituents who are
currently paying 770 percent more for water service than that of urban
populations due to the regulatory burdens placed on them by EPA.
Small water suppliers cannot comply with these standards. Current
consumer rates will inevitably result in the loss of customers, and
poor families will be forced to go back to using unregulated shallow
ground water and dirt tanks for human and livestock consumption.
{time} 1945
As more people exit these systems, the costs for the remaining
customers will continue to rise.
Currently, the EPA exempts water systems with fewer than 25 users. I
believe we should extend that exemption to water systems that service
fewer than 10,000 users. This would provide hope for the viability of
small rural systems and the areas and communities they serve. The
current requirements reach far beyond what is reasonable and are
bankrupting local governments.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. I commend the gentleman for his efforts
on the part of his constituents and for all the rural water users who
are facing similar problems. I commit to work with the gentleman to see
what can be done to fix this problem. The committee will be glad to
facilitate a meeting with the EPA to address this important issue and
see what can be done as we move this bill through conference with the
Senate.
Mr. CONAWAY. Mr. Chairman, I will ask unanimous consent now to
withdraw my amendment.
The Acting CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from Texas?
There was no objection.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Putnam
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Acting CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Putnam:
TITLE __--ADDITIONAL GENERAL PROVISIONS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Sec. __. No funds provided in title I may be expended by
the Department of the Interior--
(1) for the conduct of offshore natural gas preleasing,
leasing, and related activities placed under restriction in
the President's moratorium statement of June 12, 1998, in the
areas of northern, central, and southern California; the
North Atlantic; Washington and Oregon; and the eastern Gulf
of Mexico south of 26 degrees north latitude and east of 86
degrees west longitude;
(2) to conduct offshore natural gas preleasing, leasing,
and related activities in the eastern Gulf of Mexico planning
area for any lands located outside Sale 181, as identified in
the final Outer Continental Shelf 5-Year Oil and Gas Leasing
Program, 1997-2002; or
(3) to conduct natural gas preleasing, leasing, and related
activities in the Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic planning
areas.
The Acting CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the order of the House today, the
gentleman from Florida (Mr. Putnam) and a Member opposed each will
control 30 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Florida.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to yield 15 minutes
of my time to the gentlewoman from California (Mrs. Capps) for her to
control and yield.
The Acting CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from Florida?
There was no objection.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 1\1/2\ minutes.
Mr. Chairman, I rise today to offer language to strip from this bill
a grievous assault on Florida and on other States that are dramatically
impacted by what will be a 3-mile drilling limit. It does not recognize
the needs of our military; it jeopardizes world-class one-of-a-kind
ecosystems and industries. It doesn't respect the rights of our States
to manage our own resources. It is an ill-conceived plan tied to the
back of the wrong legislative vehicle.
We come here this evening to debate a very important component of our
national energy policy. This particular piece of our national energy
policy needs to be comprehensive in nature; it needs to be dealt with
in a forum other than the annual spending bill which controls
everything from the National Park Service to wetlands mitigation and
the national endowment for the arts and the humanities. It should be a
stand-alone bill for this House to consider the merits and challenges
of opening up the Outer Continental Shelf to exploration to assuage our
national energy needs.
We are in the process of negotiating a comprehensive solution to this
problem. The sponsor of the legislation that found its way into this
spending bill has his own comprehensive solution at 20 miles, and yet
this jeopardizes our coasts at 3 miles. It does not leave any room for
error, it did not have any input from the affected States, and it is
opposed almost across the board by the Governors of those States.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I rise to claim the time
in opposition.
[[Page H2856]]
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman is recognized for 30 minutes.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. I will take 2 minutes to respond to the
opening comments, and then I will share time.
Why are we here tonight on an appropriations bill? Because for 25
years we have had authorizing language placed in the initial draft of
an appropriations bill that has nothing to do with appropriating, but
has a lot to do with the energy policy of this country.
This country is in an energy crisis, and the crisis in this country
is natural gas. But natural gas is readily available in this country
onshore and offshore. We are the only country in the world that has
locked up its Outer Continental Shelf. That is from 3 miles to 200
miles. We are the only country in the world.
Now, my language that I placed in this bill, because it is all I
could do in an appropriating bill; I can move authorizing language. I
chose not to remove gas and oil because I think gas is the crisis that
we can deal with. I removed the prohibition of natural gas only. I
couldn't put my language in there from the bill I have that protects
the shorelines for 20 miles. I couldn't do that. But we removed it for
natural gas only. Still, we have a Presidential moratorium. Nothing can
happen. We have a 5-year plan that anything that is leased, nothing can
happen. We have to have authorizing language to allow gas leases only.
Nothing can happen.
This is the beginning of a debate, folks, that you have all been
avoiding. This debate has been avoided year after year as the gas
crisis in this country has continued to skyrocket. We used to have gas
for less than $2 about 6 years ago. Last year, the average price was
$9.50 a thousand and peaked at 14 and 15 for 4 months. We have the
petrochemical business moving away. We have lost half of the fertilizer
business in the last 2 years. Polymers and plastics are moving away.
Steel, aluminum, bricks, and glass cannot do business in this country
with these gas prices.
It is important that we deal with this issue, and we start that
debate tonight.
Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 3 minutes.
Our amendment restores the longstanding bipartisan ban that currently
protects sensitive coastal and marine areas from new drilling. We
support the current ban not just because the coastlines are beautiful;
they are. And not just because we believe our coastlines provide
valuable environmental habitat, and they do. We support the ban because
we know our coasts are the economic engines of our communities, and
that is threatened by new drilling. The people in these communities
whom we represent know the value of their coastline, and that is why
they are so against new drilling.
Under this bill, we could literally see the push for new drilling as
close as 3 miles to our coasts begin almost immediately. The oil and
gas companies, awash in profits from our constituents' pockets, would
have you believe that all offshore resources are off limits today; that
we are only talking about drilling for natural gas and not oil; and
that today's high gas prices demand this new drilling. These arguments
simply don't hold up to scrutiny.
First, the industry already has access to the vast majority of
natural gas in the Outer Continental Shelf. Indeed, according to the
Bush administration, about 80 percent of the known reserves are located
in areas where drilling is already allowed.
Furthermore, the oil and gas industry already owns drilling rights to
more than 4,000 untapped leases in the Gulf of Mexico alone.
Second, there really is no such thing as gas-only drilling. Drilling
for natural gas means drilling for oil. Even the Bush administration
and energy industry honchos have dismissed the so-called gas-only
drilling as unworkable. This is the president of the American Petroleum
Institute on gas-only drilling:
``We are somewhat concerned about some gas-only leasing proposals
that have been embraced by people who don't know how the industry
works.''
And this is the head of MMS:
``Natural gas seldom comes totally by itself. Do you want to drill a
well offshore that will cost anywhere between $20 million and $80
million? And then, if you find oil with it, what will you do? I do not
know how successful it will be.''
Finally, new drilling 3 miles off our coasts will not lower gas
prices today or anytime in the near future. It would take an estimated
7 years for natural gas for new leases to come online. Serious energy
efficiency measures and more use of renewables would reduce demand and
bring down prices much faster.
Mr. Chairman, the grand energy plan President Bush unveiled 5 years
ago is over 95 percent implemented according to his own energy
department; yet, with this plan in place, energy prices and industry
profits are at record highs, the predictable result of a strategy of
increasing supplies and ignoring demand.
The Peterson amendment to drill within 3 miles off Florida,
California, and other coastal States is just more of the same. With 3
percent of the world's resources, 25 percent of the world's demands,
shouldn't it be obvious that we can't drill our way out of this
problem? We need to be using energy smarter, develop renewable and
alternative energy, and use the one resource which we do have in
abundance, our creativity. I urge my colleagues to vote to protect our
coasts.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. I yield to the gentleman from Nebraska
(Mr. Osborne) for 4 minutes.
Mr. OSBORNE. I thank the gentleman.
Mr. Chairman, I am sorry to oppose anything with my friend Adam
Putnam's name on it, but in this case I feel that I am required to do
so because of my constituency.
As everyone knows, we are currently in very short supply of natural
gas, and this of course has led to tremendously increased prices. In
Nebraska, which is mostly rural, mostly agricultural, this has
increased the cost of center pivot irrigation exponentially. We have
even seen at one time 60, 70 percent of the irrigation wells were
powered by natural gas. We have had to shift to diesel which is very
expensive and electricity which is very expensive, and as a result
farmers who at one time were making reasonable profits are now
struggling just to have a profit line at all.
This has increased the cost of fertilizer, anhydrous ammonia, that is
made from natural gas, and of course anhydrous ammonia is a principle
ingredient in fertilizer. So we have seen as much as 400 and 500
percent in the last 5 years, again eating into the bottom line for most
people in agriculture. Of course, everyone knows what this has done to
home heating and cooling, 400, 500 percent increases, which has hit
every American in every corner of the Nation. And so we have a crisis
in this area that we need to address.
The United States has large reserves of natural gas. It has been
pointed out that we have maybe 3 percent of the world's petroleum
reserves, but we have huge amounts of natural gas reserves, and we are
handicapping ourselves in a way that is pretty much unprecedented in
this area.
At the present time, only 15 percent of available Outer Continental
Shelf acres are not under a moratorium. Another way to put this is that
roughly 85 percent of Outer Continental Shelf acres are off limits to
exploration. And, of course, this is again handicapping what we are
trying to accomplish here in reducing this shortage.
I am sure that these moratoria are due to fear of spills and
pollution, and yet we have had numerous hurricanes in the last few
years that haven't caused oil rigs to malfunction or lines to rupture.
We have not seen any massive pollution even though we have had huge
damage from these hurricanes.
Canada has natural gas wells in the Great Lakes with no pollution. In
Lake Erie, they have 2,200 wells on the Canadian side alone. Now, if
you have ever been on the Great Lakes, you realize that this is very
much like the ocean; they can get as rough as the ocean. I have been up
there fishing many times. And so if Canada has been able to do this
with no great environmental threat, why can't we do this anywhere from
3 miles to 200 miles offshore in the ocean? I would think we can do
this very efficiently. China will be drilling for gas off the coast of
Cuba within a short period of time. Now, this is very close to Florida.
So we think these are things that we need to consider. And so at the
present
[[Page H2857]]
time we are handicapping ourselves because of this not-in-my-backyard
mentality. We all want to have something happen somewhere else, but not
anywhere close to ourselves. Natural gas is clean burning; it is
environmentally friendly. We need to open these supplies both offshore
in the U.S. and in Alaska.
It was mentioned earlier that it would take about 7 years for natural
gas to come online. But if you don't start at some point, it will be 7
years from next year, and then it will be 7 years from 2 years from
now, and at some point we have to begin to address this problem.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the
gentlewoman who represents the pristine Florida Keys, Ms. Ros-Lehtinen.
Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Chairman, I thank our leader, Mr. Putnam, for
the time. And along with my colleagues from the Florida delegation, I
rise in strong support of the Putnam amendment and in passionate
opposition to any amendment, any language which would allow offshore
drilling a mere 3 miles from our Nation's coast.
{time} 2000
The Peterson language would overturn the current moratorium on
drilling, a moratorium which has been in place for over 25 years.
The bipartisan Florida delegation position remains firm, remains
strong: oil and gas drilling in the Outer Continental Shelf is
dangerous for the economy, is dangerous for the environment, runs
contrary to national security interests, and is not an immediate nor a
long-term answer to the Nation's growing energy needs.
Drilling 3 miles off a Florida coast, as Mr. Putnam pointed out.
I am so proud to represent the ecological treasures of the Florida
Keys. It is a premier destination for ecotourism. Any offshore drilling
near this area would place thousands of rare and vulnerable marine
plant species in harm's way and could cripple the Keys' tourism
economy.
Drilling structures along the gulf coast would be located in the
middle of a hurricane zone. So I hope that we strongly oppose the
Peterson language by adopting the Putnam language tonight, and I thank
the chairman.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to
the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. Melancon).
Mr. MELANCON. Mr. Chairman, I am here to speak on an issue of
paramount importance to my constituents in south Louisiana and I think
the entire Nation. Outer Continental Shelf production and coastal
impact assistance are very important.
Louisiana is uniquely positioned in the OCS debate. Our State is one
of the few that allows production off its coast. We are also major
consumers of this production, through chemicals, fertilizers and
various other gas-intensive manufacturing.
Some quick facts for you. Among the 50 States, Louisiana ranks first
in crude oil production; second in natural gas production; second in
total energy production from all sources; second in petroleum refining
capacity; second in primary petrochemical production; third in
industrial energy consumption; third in natural gas consumption; fifth
in petroleum consumption; eighth in total energy consumption. We are a
State that is a working State with a working coast.
Our State is a vital part of the domestic energy production and
consumption, which keeps our entire economy humming. As others refrain
from similar production, natural gas supplies tighten and the prices
rise, jeopardizing tens of thousands of well-paying jobs that are being
shipped overseas, many of these from my own State and district.
The energy support Louisiana and other coastal States provide for our
Nation is not without cost. We are happy to provide what others would
rather not. However, this supply also impacts our coastal communities
and wetlands conservation, and we bear the costs of onshore
infrastructure required to support this production activity.
Every debate on OCS production should also include an equity
discussion. Coastal producing States should receive a fair share of
revenues off their coasts, just as inland States receive from onshore
production.
I appreciate the leadership Mr. Peterson has taken on this issue, and
I respectfully oppose Mr. Putnam's intent to strike this language from
the bill.
If you look off the coast in the next several years, if not sooner,
between Cuba and Key West, you will see the Chinese and the Cubans
starting their venture to drill right off the coast of Florida. They
may not be visible but they will be there.
Gas and oil production offshore, the technology that is there today,
is astounding. I would invite every one of you that have never been on
an offshore rig or seen the technology for drilling, I invite you to
come to Louisiana to take the trip offshore, to understand what energy
production is all about. It is not what it is perceived to be, as it
was some 50 years ago.
Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 10 seconds to respond to a
previous speaker.
According to an Army Corps of Engineers report on the drilling in the
Great Lakes, ``Routine drilling is known to be hazardous to human
health. Discharges and accidental spills of toxic chemicals from
drilling can also contaminate the water of Lake Erie contaminating a
primary drinking water source for millions of people.''
Drilling, either in the Great Lakes or offshore, is a dirty process.
Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Florida (Mr. Davis), my colleague.
Mr. DAVIS of Florida. Mr. Chairman, I thank Representative Capps for
yielding.
One of the things that everyone agrees on tonight with respect to
this amendment is that we need to have an adequate supply of energy to
meet the needs of this country. Eighty percent of the known oil and gas
reserves in the Outer Continental Shelf are already available to the
energy companies that need them. There are more than 4,000 leases held
by these energy companies that are currently not used at all.
It is important to point out what this amendment does. The amendment
says it allows drilling for gas up to 3 miles off the east coast of
Florida, 9 miles off the coast of Florida, my home the West Coast, as
well as the Outer Continental Shelf of the United States. It has been
pointed out, and it has not been objected to, this is not just about
gas, it is also about oil because if a company makes an investment to
earn a profit for gas and they get oil, they are going to go for oil.
The bitter irony here is off the coast of Florida there is very
little oil. It is really a drop in the bucket. That is why the
amendment does not talk about oil, but it is enough to make a
difference to the State of Florida.
There has been a lot of conversation here tonight about other States,
about this being about jobs. Let me tell you about my home State
Florida. This is about jobs. Last year, we had 88 million tourists
visit our State. Those of you who are here tonight represent families
who are saving their money to enjoy their family vacation, what State
will be the number one destination for beaches? Florida. This is not
just a State treasure; it is a national treasure. Yes, this is about
jobs and Florida's beaches are a critical part of our economy.
There has been some discussion tonight that there is no risk as far
as spills. The truth of the matter is none of us really know exactly
what the risk is. One of the few things we do know is last year when
Tropical Storm Arlene hit off the coast of Louisiana, there was an oil
spill. There was a rig that resulted in a spill that soiled the coast
of Louisiana. We cannot have this happen in Florida. It is too
devastating. It is too important to our economy.
This is about balance. It is about protecting jobs. It is about
respecting the rights of States. Nobody has a monopoly on what the
truth is as to where the line is drawn. There is plenty of drilling off
the coast of Florida right now in the central and western gulf, but
this is the wrong time and the wrong place to have this debate.
The folks we represent in Florida deserve an open and honest
discussion in our State, on our beaches, with small business owners
whose livelihood depends upon the risk of a spill to our coast, and
there we will discuss the balance, the tradeoff in meeting the
country's energy needs, but not tonight
[[Page H2858]]
in a one-hour debate in the evening on the floor of the House of
Representatives.
Floridians deserve better. Americans deserve better. I urge adoption
of the amendment.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time
as I may consume.
This is the beginning of the debate. This is not the end. The
gentleman from Florida knows, no drilling can happen. There is still a
presidential moratorium. There is still a 5-year plan. We have to have
legislation to allow gas only. Florida is rich in gas. They are not
rich in oil. I am not about oil. We need gas in this country. We cannot
drill our way out of oil.
We can help ourselves in other places, but natural gas is a richness
this country has. It is the clean fuel. It has the least pollutants
when you use it. It is the mother's milk of everything we make in this
country. From women's face creams to every chemical we buy at the
hardware store, the grocery store, polymers, plastic, carpet, drapes,
it all is full of natural gas.
There is about 3 million jobs in those industries I have just
mentioned, and every one of them are already moving offshore. They do
not want to. They have to. We cannot put the disadvantage of $9.50 gas
last year, $14 and $15, when South America is $1.80, Russia is about a
buck, China and Taiwan 3-something.
This is about the economy of America. Drill only gas? Canadians have
drilled 2,200 wells successfully, gas only. I grew up around the oil
patch. I have never been in the oil business. I have never made a
dollar off the oil business. They drill down through and they choose
what they are going to produce. They mark it as they drill through it,
and they produce what is there.
Florida is rich in gas. Florida uses 235 times more natural gas than
they produce. They could be self-sufficient. They could have huge
royalties, and there has never been a gas well that has polluted a
beach. I have asked for examples. I was told the Santa Barbara spill.
That was an oil well.
A gas well is a steel pipe in the ground. It is cemented at the
bottom, and it is cemented at the top. It is open where the gas vein
is, and you let gas out. In Lake Erie it runs underground onto shore.
Citizens do not even know it is there.
Natural gas is not something to be afraid of. It is something this
country needs. I am not for 3 miles offshore. I have legislation that
protects us, but I cannot put that on this bill or I would. I can only
start this debate tonight.
This debate has been put off. For 3 years I have been talking about
this issue. From this day forward, we are going to debate this issue
until we do what is right for the future of America.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the
gentleman from Florida (Mr. Miller), who represents the cradle of naval
aviation.
Mr. MILLER of Florida. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for
yielding.
You have heard a lot tonight about the potential environmental
impacts, but let me just draw to your attention the issue as it affects
our national defense.
Looks pretty cluttered, but this is a test range for Eglin Air Force
Base where they do weapons testing from the panhandle of Florida all
the way to the Florida Keys. This red line right in here is a military
mission line. Basically, the Air Force says, the Secretary of Defense
has said, the Navy has said that anything that is east, anything that
is east of that military mission line is incompatible with the mission
at Eglin Air Force Base. There is live fire testing. We are not just
practicing out there. This is not Top Gun flying airplanes around.
These are new weapons systems, classified new weapons systems that are
being tested over the Gulf of Mexico.
Yes, the beaches of Florida are a national treasure, but I can tell
you from a national defense standpoint, this entire area of the extreme
eastern Gulf of Mexico is a national treasure because there is no other
weapons testing area like it in the country or in the world.
Opponents of the Putnam amendment say that the underlying language
does nothing to hurt the readiness of our military. Well that is 100
percent wrong!
As you can see from this map, the Joint Gulf Test Range extends from
the Panhandle of Florida to Key West.
The Air Force uses this area for Live Fire testing and evaluation of
weapons systems. The Navy uses the Gulf Ranges to do predeployment
certifications and to fire Tomahawk cruise missiles from submarines.
Let me read you a list of just a sampling of current and future
missions that are conducted in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico.
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Initial Training and live fire F/A-22 pilot
upgrade training including AMRAAM live fire Tomahawk Cruise Missile
launch from submerged vessels Testing of Small Diameter Bomb program
against man-made targets in the Gulf F-16 weapons systems testing and
evaluation, U.S. Navy predeployment certification, testing and
development of hypersonic munitions, low-cost miniature cruise
missiles, Air-Dominance munitions, unmanned combat air vehicles,
Directed Energy weapons, and classified programs.
The Commander of the Air Armament Center, Major General Robert W.
Chedister, said last August ``Clearly, structures associated with oil/
gas production are totally incompatible with, and would have a
significant impact on, the mission activity in the Eastern Gulf of
Mexico. Accordingly, it is absolutely `visceral' that the vast water
area encompassed by the Gulf be preserved in order for us to continue
to serve the needs of national defense.''
Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld recently wrote ``areas east of
the 86 deg.41' line in the Gulf of Mexico commonly known as the
`military mission line' are specially critical to DoD.'' He went on to
say ``In those areas east of the military mission line drilling
structures and associated development would be incompatible with
military activities, such as missile flights, low-flying drone
aircraft, weapons testing, and training.''
Now let me show you where this mission line is.
The underlying language in this bill would open the door to drilling
in the entire Joint Gulf Range and is completely incompatible with the
military mission of our Air Force and Navy.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Murphy).
Mr. MURPHY. Mr. Chairman, this is about American jobs, the American
family and the American economy. Here are the plain facts.
Natural gas costs less than a $1.50 per Btu in Russia, Iran, Saudi
Arabia, but here in the United States this one report had it at $8.85,
and it has been as high as $13. This means homeowners pay about $200
more to heat their homes. This means the United States steel, for every
dollar the price of natural gas goes up, costs them $80 million.
If you are a company and you ask yourself where are you going to
build or where are you going to move to, we have already lost 90,000
jobs in the chemical industry. We have lost 3 million jobs in the
manufacturing industry due to energy prices.
We talk about the law of supply and demand of the 1990s. Ninety
percent of new electric energy plants use natural gas. World demands
have gone up. It is expected about a 90 percent increase in natural gas
demands in the next 10 years, but since 1982 this Nation had a self-
imposed moratorium on offshore natural gas and oil drilling.
Here is the real law of supply and demand we need to look at now.
Americans are demanding that lawmakers increase the supply. We cannot
afford to continue to have these high gas prices and send jobs to Saudi
Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Iran and Russia or let other countries do with
natural gas prices like they did with Ukraine and double the prices on
them. We cannot compete as a nation for jobs with this.
It is no wonder the building trades have come out with a very
strongly worded letter and said, please, let us start lowering the
prices for goods and services in America. People get up here time and
time again and say China is eating us for lunch. What are we doing
here? We are cutting our own legs off and destroying jobs in America.
We have abundant supplies of natural gas. We can protect the
coastline. This will not be within 3 miles. It takes entirely different
legislation to do that, but please, please, let us save jobs in America
for a change and stop talking about it.
Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
I respond to my colleague, Mr. Peterson. I lived in Santa Barbara in
1969. I saw that devastation with my own eyes, beach closures, fish
kills, air pollution.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr.
Pallone).
[[Page H2859]]
{time} 2015
Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Chairman, let me follow up on what the gentlewoman
said. I was in New Jersey in the late 1980s where I live, and we saw
the beaches closed. We saw the entire tourism industry destroyed for
not only that one summer in 1988 but two or three summers afterwards.
I listened to what the previous speaker here on the Republican side
said, and he talked about jobs. He talked about the economy. He talked
about housing. That is what is at stake here. In my home State of New
Jersey, people think of New Jersey as an industrial State, tourism is
as big an industry in New Jersey as the petrochemical industry. We
depend on that tourism economy, and we cannot have our beaches dirtied
by an oil spill that would result from natural gas drilling. And don't
tell me that you are going to drill for natural gas and you are not
going to affect oil. There is no question that you can.
The problem I see here is that the gentleman from Pennsylvania said,
well, this is not a real debate because if this happens it won't matter
because the President has an executive order. Well, I can't depend on
the President. The President is an oil man. For all I know he could
lift the executive order if this legislation goes through and you can
drill for natural gas and we don't have the moratorium in effect any
more.
I want you all to understand that we are not just talking here pie in
the sky. We have seen our beaches closed. We have seen the impact. In
New Jersey, tourism is 500,000 jobs, $16.6 billion in wages, and $5.5
billion in State tax revenue. You shut that down, the way it was closed
in the late 1980s in New Jersey because of a different type of
pollution, and you basically shut down a significant portion of our
State. We are talking about real things here.
When you talk about the fact that you can drill for natural gas and
you are not going to hit oil, every indication is the opposite. The
American Petroleum Institute has said the opposite and the Minerals
Management Service has said the opposite. And we are talking 3 miles
from shore. You could actually see these rigs. We could actually have
oil rigs right up to 3 miles from the shore if this legislation passes
and we don't have this amendment.
Pass this amendment.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, let us not confuse
medical waste off New Jersey. That was medical waste dumped in the
ocean.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Edwards).
Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. Chairman, I oppose this amendment because it will
continue the status quo of high natural gas prices that are harming
every day hardworking American families.
The choice is clear: we can either increase the supply of natural gas
in this country, or we can continue to pay some of the highest prices
in the world for natural gas.
So what is wrong with the status quo? What is wrong with high natural
gas prices? First, millions of middle-and low-income working families
are suffering from costly increases in their home heating and cooling
bills. Those high monthly bills are straining and even breaking family
budgets all across America.
Second, family farmers and ranchers are already struggling with
natural disasters, high diesel costs, and foreign government-subsidized
competition. Now, high natural gas costs have driven nitrogen
fertilizer costs from $100 a ton to more than $350 a ton. For many ag
producers, higher fertilizer costs will be the straw that breaks the
camel's back.
And by the way, if you like what OPEC has done for high oil prices,
you will love what dependence on foreign food will do to the price of
food products in American grocery stores.
The third reason I oppose this amendment is that I am sick and tired
of seeing good-paying American jobs being shipped overseas. American
factories run by high-priced natural gas here at home are being put at
a huge disadvantage against foreign factories using lower-cost natural
gas. For American factories and businesses to compete with foreign
factories and businesses, it is kind of like trying to run a race with
a 20-pound weight tied around your ankle. It just won't work. And the
price for that is we are losing the race for international competition
for good-paying jobs.
The final reason I oppose this amendment is that in my district the
utility companies in Texas want to build five new coal-fired plants for
electric power. Tell me how replacing natural gas-fired plants with
coal-fired plans, increasing mercury, CO2, and other
pollutants in the air, in our streams, and in our lakes is good for
America.
Stand up for our farmers, our factories, and for hardworking American
families. Vote ``no'' on this amendment.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentlewoman who
represents Florida's gulf coast (Ms. Harris).
(Ms. HARRIS asked and was given permission to revise and extend her
remarks.)
Ms. HARRIS. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the bipartisan
amendment by Mr. Putnam and Mrs. Capps. This is not just a Florida
issue; it is a national issue. If the Putnam amendment is not adopted,
the 25-year bipartisan Outer Continental Shelf moratorium will come to
an abrupt end, thus allowing natural gas wells as close as 3 miles from
every coastal State.
If the Putnam amendment is not adopted, coastal State economies that
rely on a healthy tourism for their continued prosperity will be
severely jeopardized, and coastal waters, fisheries, and marine
ecosystems will be greatly jeopardized as well.
And, finally, there would be severe national security consequences
when the military could no longer conduct military operations and
training.
In closing, there is no doubt that high energy prices pose a serious
challenge to our Nation's manufacturers, farmers, and consumers.
However, the gas exploration provision in this bill will not provide
Americans with short-term relief, nor will it lead toward an energy
independent future.
I urge my colleagues to support the bipartisan Putnam-Capps
amendment.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Regula).
Mr. REGULA. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding, and I
just want to point out that the natural gas beyond the 3 miles belongs
to all the people of America; 280 million of us own that, and we are
entitled to use it. We are entitled to use it for jobs, and we are
entitled to use it for fueling our industry. Many of you have seen the
buses on the highways in our cities that are fueled by clean-burning
natural gas.
I want to point out something else, and that is that in the Labor-HHS
bill we put in a lot of money for LIHEAP. Why? Because the price of
natural gas keeps going up and we, therefore, have to subsidize this
with tax dollars, tax dollars that could be used for medical research,
tax dollars that could be used for education and things that build the
quality of life for Americans.
I do not think it is fair to 280 million Americans to deny them
access to an asset that belongs to all of them, the resources that lie
beyond the 3-mile limit. That limit is there for a reason.
I also want to point out one other thing. For those that have not
seen it, the technology today is vastly improved. The drilling rigs are
safe. The production platforms are usually under the water and you
don't even know they are there. And they are not going to be an
impediment to military operations, and they are not going to be an
impediment to the viewscape of the tourists who go to Florida,
California, or wherever the case might be.
I think for jobs for America, for health research, for education we
need to use this natural resource that belongs to all of us.
Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 15 seconds to respond to a
couple of statements that have been made.
First, LIHEAP has been underfunded for years, high natural gas prices
or not. Yesterday's price of natural gas was $5.91 per million Btus.
That was about 8 percent less than it was 1 year ago. There is a better
way to respond to today's high prices than by drilling. We can start by
making our homes, our buildings, and our cars more energy efficient.
Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my colleague from
Florida (Ms. Wasserman Schultz).
Ms. WASSERMAN SCHULTZ. I thank the gentlewoman, and I rise in
[[Page H2860]]
support of the Putnam-Capps bipartisan amendment which strikes the
Peterson language that would allow for drilling just 3 miles off our
shoreline.
Members, let us put this in perspective. Imagine yourself on the west
steps of the United States Capitol admiring the view of our Nation's
Capitol, taking in the scenery and enjoying the environment. Now
imagine yourself gazing towards the Kennedy Center, and just beyond the
Kennedy Center, right there in the middle of the Potomac River, you see
a big old oil rig. It is not quite as appealing any more, is it?
Now, I know that we are not going to be drilling for gas or oil in
the Potomac River, but I paint this scenario for a reason. That
distance from the Capitol to just beyond the Kennedy Center is the same
distance that Mr. Peterson is proposing we place natural gas rigs off
our Nation's beaches.
There are drastic and devastating environmental and economic
repercussions that come with drilling into the ocean floor so close to
our beaches, for my own State of Florida and for the rest of the
Nation. For example, the uncontrollable discharges of mud, rock, and
minerals that come with piercing a hole into our Earth would be
devastating for our near-shore activities.
Now, for our colleagues that feel they need to vote for something,
anything, to be able to say they are trying to address gas prices, I
have a reminder: cars don't run on natural gas. People who are now
paying upwards of $50 to fill their gas tanks, this amendment, if we
leave it in place, will do nothing to change that. Gas prices will
still be astronomically high.
And to address the issue of oil rigs off our shoreline put there by
Cuba and China, do we want to emulate the actions of nations like Cuba
and China? Do we want the Florida straits dotted with oil rigs? I think
not, and I think most Americans would also agree.
I urge my colleagues to protect the coast of the United States and
vote ``yes'' for the bipartisan Putnam-Capps amendment.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I have been having this
debate with the Florida delegation and other delegations for some time,
and I really appreciate and like all and respect them very much, but I
find recently that poll data show me that Floridians are ahead. Over 60
percent of Floridians in all the recent polls I have seen support
production of energy off their shores.
Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Florida (Mr. Mica).
Mr. MICA. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the amendment of my
good friend and colleague from Florida here, and I am dismayed that,
unfortunately, politics has not kept up with technology or good energy
policy in this country.
Florida has faced an energy crisis before. Back in the 1970s, I was
in the Florida legislature and I voted during that crisis to drill in
the Florida Everglades for oil. You won't believe this, but today we
are producing oil safely and in an environmentally sound fashion from
the Everglades.
This is a myth here about this 3 miles, and we should not drill as
close as 3 miles. We should look at the conditions. But today we have
the technology to drill safely and in an environmentally sound manner.
Florida's population is expected to grow 29 percent by 2020. The
consumption of natural gas is expected to grow by 140 percent. Why? You
all were here, many of you here, during the 1990s. The Clinton
administration proposed that we convert our coal and oil plants in
Florida to natural gas. Well, 28 of the 34 electrical generating plants
designed in Florida are going to need natural gas. We built a billion
dollar pipeline across the gulf, and we need to hook up to that.
Cuba and China are going to be drilling very close to our shores, and
they will be getting oil and gas. The American people and Floridians
will be getting the shaft. We can do this in an environmentally sound
fashion. We don't have to play politics.
What is our alternative for stable sources? Nigeria? The Mideast? I
say no.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 10 seconds.
Mr. Chairman, the sponsor of this, and now one of his supporters,
have both said 3 miles is not their ultimate goal. That is what is in
the language. If that is not your ultimate goal, let's withdraw this
amendment and have a real debate on a separate basis about a
comprehensive solution to this problem.
Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
Jacksonville, Florida (Mr. Crenshaw).
Mr. CRENSHAW. Mr. Chairman, this is really just a question of whether
you solve a problem the right way or you solve it the wrong way.
Now, we ought to adopt this amendment, we ought to leave the
moratorium in place while the Resources Committee, which has been
working on this, having hearings, having testimony, comes up with a
comprehensive program to solve this problem and to deal with this
issue.
This is not the only time or the only place. In fact, it is not the
right time, on this appropriation bill, or the right place. It is a
complicated issue. You heard that it deals with environmental issues,
economic issues, and military issues. It doesn't lend itself to a quick
fix.
If we don't adopt this amendment, we will end up with a knee-jerk
reaction that will allow offshore drilling anytime, anywhere, off any
coastline within 3 miles. And that is just terrible public policy.
Terrible public policy.
So let us be reasonable. Let us let the Resources Committee do their
work, and then let's make a decision based on the facts.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Gene Green).
Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I thank my colleague from
Pennsylvania for his diligence in working on this issue.
I understand tourism is Florida's biggest producer of revenue, and a
lot of people go there. But if we don't pass an amendment that will
help us get more natural gas, people at Disney World are going to have
to be drinking their Cokes, or whatever they drink, out of something
other than a plastic cup.
{time} 2030
Our plastics industry in our country is made from natural gas, not
only the feed stock, but the actual plastic. And so I don't know what
we are going to do in our country if we continue to see high natural
gas prices. We are already paying huge amounts to cool our homes in our
part of the country, or heat our homes in the north. But we have a
chemical industry that may not be popular if it is down the street,
although it is in my neighborhood. But it produces jobs, high-paying
jobs; and it produces this plastic that we drink from every day. And if
we don't come up with some other way to lower the price of natural gas,
we can just kiss this plastic goodbye.
Eighty percent of our U.S. offshore waters are currently excluded
from production: the eastern gulf, the Pacific, the Atlantic coast and
some coasts of Alaska. Only Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama
have coastal production.
100,000 jobs have been lost because of the high prices of natural
gas. And these are high-paying manufacturing jobs that we desperately
need to keep in our country.
We have the highest natural gas prices in the industrialized world
primarily because of our offshore moratorium. Even Northern Europe has
cheaper gas, and I know we have had jobs move from my district to
Northern Europe because the price of natural gas there is so much
cheaper. And their environmental laws are so much stronger.
Norway, Great Britain produce off their coast. Are we saying that
they are not concerned about their beaches? It is ludicrous.
We only have two options to prevent the loss of jobs, either import
more LNG, liquefied natural gas, which we will bring in, or produce
offshore. There is no alternatives. We have got to have it.
Mr. Chairman, I urge Members to vote against the Putnam-Capps
amendment.
Eighty percent of our U.S. offshore waters are currently excluded
from production--the eastern gulf, the Pacific, and the Atlantic coast,
and some coastal areas off Alaska. Only the Texas, Louisiana,
Mississippi, and Alabama coasts have production.
This contributes to high natural gas prices that have cost the U.S.
nearly 100,000 jobs, primarily high paid manufacturing jobs.
[[Page H2861]]
We have the highest natural gas prices in the industrialized world,
primarily because of our offshore moratoria. Even Northern Europe has
cheap, because they produce in the North Sea. Norway, Great Britain,
who have drilled off their coasts with strong environmental laws.
We only have two options to prevent the loss of further jobs--we can
build more LNG import plants and we can produce more gas offshore.
There is no alternative to natural gas in many cases.
Unfortunately, the opponents of both options are often the same
pepple--they oppose LNG and they oppose drilling for gas. Maybe they
think energy and plastics are made from thin air.
Natural gas is the cleanest energy source we have besides solar or
wind, and it is a critical fuel for industrial facilities and is a
feedstock for the petrochemical industry that makes plastic.
If we cannot produce natural gas here, we are going to have to import
gas to heat our homes and import more plastic in bulk or in consumer
products. That hurts our balance of trade.
Canada has been producing gas-only wells in Lake Erie for decades.
Any producer would rather have oil too at these prices, but if Congress
says ``gas-only'' then it will be gas-only, and there will be no chance
of oil spills.
Mr. Chairman, I urge Members to support U.S. jobs, U.S. energy, and
reducing the trade deficit by supporting U.S. natural gas. And oppose
the Putnam-Capps amendment.
Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 30 seconds.
I remind the gentleman that there is production off my district as
well. Several coastal State Governors are voicing concerns about the
proposal to allow drilling as close as 3 miles off our coast, including
California's Governor, Arnold Schwarzenegger; New Jersey Governor, Jon
Corzine; North Carolina Governor, Mike Easley; South Carolina Governor,
Mark Sanford. And this is what our former colleague, Mark Sanford, had
to say: ``Energy independence is something we are all after, but we
think it makes more sense in the long run to pursue that goal through
focusing on alternative forms of energy rather than fossil fuels.
Tourism is our State's number one industry, and we don't think it makes
sense to undertake something that could potentially damage our coast.''
I am pleased to yield 1 minute to my colleague from Florida (Ms.
Corrine Brown).
Ms. CORRINE BROWN of Florida. Mr. Chairman, I want to rise in support
of the amendment. You know, I have been an elected official for 25
years, 14 years in the Congress. And I want to be clear that the people
of Florida are united against any drilling in Florida. Now, when I
listen to the people from Texas and other places, you know, I
understand that Florida is the number one tourist destination in the
world. The number one. And we shouldn't do anything that would be
against the people of Florida and the people of the United States.
People save their money to come to Florida.
And certainly we need a comprehensive energy policy. But someone said
that the people in Florida in some surveys support drilling in Florida.
That is definitely untrue. The people of Florida do not support
drilling in Florida. And the people in Florida are united against any
drilling in Florida.
Florida's coastline is a treasure not just for Floridians, but all
Americans and the rest of the world. For years Florida's delegation has
worked together to protect our coastline and natural resources. Even
conducting an inventory of resources in the Gulf of Mexico will begin
to destroy the efforts we have made as a state to preserve our
sensitive lands. As long as there are rigs In the area, the potential
for devastation to Florida's beaches persists. Florida's beaches are
not something we can afford to compromise. This decision goes against
everything that Floridians have worked for over so many years.
Certainly, the people of Florida do not support off of our shores.
In fact, the impact of offshore drilling threatens irreversible
scarring to the landscape, affecting thousands of species, each
critical to the ecosystem. The great weather, pristine beaches, and I
marine wildlife are the number one draws to our fine state. By moving
forward with even a resources inventory, you risk a multi-billion
dollar industry for only a few extra barrels of petroleum.
There are environmental risks associated with near-shore natural gas
drilling despite claims to the contrary. Liquid hydrocarbon found with
natural gas could float on top of the water and was up on Florida's
beaches. Moreover, one huge problem with the plan is that the areas
that are off limits to drilling now are not where the resources are. In
fact, 80 percent of the Nation's undiscovered technically recoverable
natural gas on the OCS is located in the Central and Western Gulf of
Mexico and offshore Alaska--where drilling is currently allowed and
already underway.
Indisputably, allowing drilling would be harmful to tourism and risk
Florida's $57 billion tourist economy. In fact, this policy would
affect all U.S. coastlines from Alaska to Maine. Any drilling would
also be visible from the beach and have no effect on oil prices,
especially when natural gas prices are falling.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, fear can be overcome with
facts. And hopefully down the road here we will get the facts.
At this time I yield 2 minutes to my friend from Pennsylvania (Mr.
Sherwood).
Mr. SHERWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I rise strongly against this amendment.
It was said earlier that this is not the right time to make this
decision. Well, it is always easy to say it is not the right time to
make a tough decision. And the reason we are in this terrible situation
is we have made bad decisions in the past.
There is no reason at all that we should have a North America gas
market that is four or five times the rest of the world. We should be
paying a competitive price for gas, but we are paying this outrageous
price because of the decisions that we have made in the past. And we
have made them based on outdated facts.
Let's look at the true facts. Let's look at the facts that technology
has changed. We can do this safely; we are doing it safely in other
places. We want to preserve Florida's coastline. Nobody wants to do
anything that would have any harm. But we also need the natural gas.
We are losing jobs every day because of the price of natural gas in
North America. Now, when we lose jobs to China because people over
there are willing to work real cheap, we are real upset about that, as
we should be.
But we are losing jobs because of the price of natural gas that would
pay top American wages, jobs we can't afford to lose. We cannot afford
to be uncompetitive in the world. This ban must be lifted. We must
figure out how to do it properly so that we are not locking up the
resources that we need to be competitive in the world.
This is a very simple subject that just needs a little cold logic put
on it, and we can't be worrying about the fears of the past. We have to
be taking care of the future. We need to defeat this amendment.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I say to my friends again, we agree on the
technology having been improved. We agree on the need for a
comprehensive solution. But you all agree with us that 3 miles is too
close. If that is the case, let's adopt this amendment and do this the
right way.
I yield 1 minute to the gentlewoman from Virginia (Mrs. Drake).
(Mrs. DRAKE asked and was given permission to revise and extend her
remarks.)
Mrs. DRAKE. Mr. Chairman, I am an ardent supporter of safe deep sea
drilling for natural gas. However, the current language does not
contain necessary safeguards to protect our Nation and our coastal
States. Revenue sharing must be included. And we must address the needs
of our military.
The coast of Virginia is a valuable training area. We must not impact
that training capability. We currently are in discussions with the Navy
as to whether we can develop a way to coexist with industry and create
a win/win situation, realizing that the needs of the Navy are the top
priority.
We must also address the issue of the boundaries drawn by Minerals
Management Service and correct the existing map.
It is for these reasons that I support the Putnam amendment and look
forward to a complete and detailed discussion of this issue.
Mr. Chairman, I rise today to share my concerns regarding the
Peterson language included in H.R. 5386 which would lift the
Congressional moratorium on natural gas in the Outer Continental Shelf
(OCS). While I am an ardent supporter of safe, deep-sea drilling for
natural gas, I do not support the Peterson language. I do support the
Putnam amendment, which strikes the Peterson language.
Our Nation is in an energy crisis. Consumers are paying more to heat
their homes and to buy American-made products and crops. Because
natural gas is a domestic product, its price is determined by domestic
[[Page H2862]]
supply and demand. Companies and jobs are moving to other countries
where the price of doing business is cheaper because of lower costs in
natural gas. The moratorium on offshore drilling places our nation at
an extreme disadvantage.
However, I can only support a plan for deep sea drilling that
contains the safeguards that I feel will best suit the needs of our
nation and the citizens of coastal states. First, the plan must allow
the states the option to opt-out of the moratorium on offshore
drilling. Coastal states know what is in their best interest. As such,
they should be able to determine what terms should be allowed for
drilling off of their shore.
The Commonwealth of Virginia and the Hampton Roads area in particular
are very proud of the military presence in our region. Norfolk,
Virginia is home to the largest Navy base in the world and much of
their training occurs off the coast of Virginia. I am committed to
ensuring that the Navy will continue to use these areas offshore for
training and recognize that offshore drilling can only occur off the
coast of Virginia if the military training areas are preserved. I have
shared with the Navy that it is my desire to work with the military to
come up with the best plan for the coexistence of energy production and
military presence. I look forward to continuing our conversations so
that offshore drilling is compatible with our military's mission.
In addition, a suitable plan must include a revenue-sharing component
with the states. This money can be used for important projects such as
transportation, education, sand replenishment, and Chesapeake Bay
restoration.
I also believe that the plan that will come out of Congress must fix
the Minerals Management Services' (MMS) federal OCS offshore
administrative boundaries which determine OCS state adjacent
administrative zones. These boundaries, as they are currently drawn, do
not accurately reflect the relative boundaries of States and
furthermore penalize States, such as Virginia, with concave coastlines
and result in grossly unfair zoning. This inequity affects all of the
Commonwealth's activities in the ocean including sand and gravel
dredging, mariculture, and offshore renewable energy projects involving
wind, waves and currents. I have expressed my concerns regarding these
administrative boundaries to the Department of the Interior and it is
my desire that these boundaries be revised as part of Congressional
legislation.
The House Committee on Resources, of which I am a member, is the
authorizing committee with jurisdiction over OCS. While I applaud
Representative Peterson for bringing this critical issue to the
forefront, I believe it is the responsibility of the Resources
Committee to approve legislation that contains the principles I have
outlined. I am looking forward to working with my colleagues towards
passage of a bill that encompasses all of these principles. At this
time, I do not believe including the Peterson language in the Interior
Appropriations bill allows for the debate that is necessary for such an
important issue. For these reasons, I support the Putnam amendment and
will continue to discuss this important national security issue with my
colleagues in Congress and the important stakeholders on the coast of
Virginia.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Goodlatte).
(Mr. GOODLATTE asked and was given permission to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. GOODLATTE. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the amendment. I
do so always reluctantly when it involves my good friend from Florida
(Mr. Putnam), with whom I have the greatest respect.
But in 1981, Congress enacted a ban on energy exploration covering
more than 85 percent of U.S. Outer Continental Shelf. At the time, U.S.
natural gas prices were the lowest in the industrialized world. Today,
U.S. natural gas prices are the highest in the industrialized world.
Prices for natural gas continue to increase while the government
continues to promote new natural gas consumption. To balance the
market, we need to invest in efficient and alternative energy. But we
also need to increase access to new sources of supply to keep pace with
new sources of demand.
The high cost of natural gas has a major impact on both the farm and
forest sector. Paper mills, a major employer in my district, are very
energy intensive. Energy costs account for 18 percent of the cost of
operating a mill, almost eclipsing costs for employee compensation. The
impacts have been dramatic. Over 232 paper mills across the country
have closed, and 182,000 jobs lost since 2000, when energy prices
started a steep rise.
For farmers, higher natural gas prices mean higher costs for
fertilizers. According to the USDA, average fertilizer prices in March
2006 stood 74 percent higher than their 1990-1992 level, very near all
time high records. The Interior appropriations bill begins to address
the supply piece of the puzzle to help bring natural gas prices down.
We can no longer continue to ban access to large sources of supply,
even as we continue to encourage new demand. The bill exempts natural
gas from the congressional ban on energy development in the OCS. The
ban on oil development remains in place. It allows the Federal
Government to begin the process of developing these important
resources.
The bill's provisions are a starting point. It is the first time in a
quarter century that Congress is acknowledging that it can no longer
continue to promote natural gas consumption and, at the same time,
prohibit more production.
I urge my colleagues to oppose the amendment.
My friends, I rise in opposition to the amendment.
In 1981, Congress enacted a ban on energy exploration covering more
than 85 percent of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf. At the time, U.S.
natural gas prices were the lowest in the industrialized world.
Today, U.S. natural gas prices are the highest in the industrialized
world. Prices for natural gas continue to increase, while the
government continues to promote new natural gas consumption.
To balance the market, we need to invest in efficiency and
alternative energy, but we also need to increase access to new sources
of supply to keep pace with new sources of demand, like ethanol and
hydrogen.
The high cost of natural gas has a major impact on both the farm and
forest sector.
Paper mills, a major employer in my District, are very energy
intensive. Energy costs account for 18 percent of the cost of operating
a mill, almost eclipsing costs for employee compensation. The impacts
have been dramatic. Over 232 paper mills have closed and 182,000 jobs
lost since 2000 when energy prices started a steep rise.
For farmers, higher natural gas prices mean higher costs for
fertilizers. According to the USDA, average fertilizer prices in March
2006 stood 74 percent higher than their 1990-92 level, very near all-
time records.
The Interior Appropriations bill begins to address the supply piece
of the puzzle to help bring natural gas prices down. We can no longer
continue to ban access to large sources of supply, even as we continue
to encourage new demand.
The bill exempts natural gas from the Congressional ban on energy
development in the OCS. The ban on oil development remains in place. It
allows the Federal government to begin the process of developing these
important resources.
The bill's provisions are a starting point. It is the first time in a
quarter century that Congress is acknowledging that it can no longer
continue to promote natural gas consumption and, at the same time,
prohibit more production. I urge my colleagues to vote ``no'' on the
amendment.
Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 30 seconds.
Mr. Peterson wants to discuss the facts, so here are the facts:
Most of the natural gas off our shores is already available. In
February MMS released its inventory. This is the copy right here that
was required by our energy bill. It says that 80 percent of the
Nation's undiscovered technically recoverable natural gas on the Outer
Continental Shelf is located in the central and western Gulf of Mexico
and offshore Alaska where drilling is currently allowed and well under
way.
I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentlewoman from
Florida (Ms. Ginny Brown-Waite).
(Ms. GINNY BROWN-WAITE of Florida asked and was given permission to
revise and extend her remarks.)
Ms. GINNY BROWN-WAITE of Florida. Mr. Chairman, I rise in very strong
support of the amendment that we have before us that was crafted by
many of my colleagues from Florida, as well as friends on the other
side of the aisle from California.
Obviously, because of the bipartisan stance that we have taken in
Florida, it is very, very important to the State of Florida.
The Peterson language which is included in the Interior
appropriations bill basically will have drilling within 3 miles of our
shores. I can tell you that back in Florida, when we even talked about
having drilling 25 miles from the shore, it was not at all popular.
[[Page H2863]]
I would be doing a disservice to my constituents if I didn't fight to
keep the moratorium on drilling in the Outer Continental Shelf in
place.
Many of you on both sides of the aisle have come up to me and said,
you know, my mother or my grandmother or my dad lives in Florida. Many
of them live in my district. I would ask you, pick up that phone, call
your mom and dad and listen to what they have to say about how much
they love Florida, and how much they love the beaches, and how much
they want to make sure that we have a State that will continue to be
number one in tourism.
Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Chairman, I am very pleased to yield 1 minute to my
colleague from Florida (Mr. Boyd).
Mr. BOYD. Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, this provision in this
bill, if it goes into law, will have the effect obviously of lifting
the prohibition on drilling in the Gulf of Mexico, which is of interest
to many of those of us from Florida. And if that provision were to be
lifted, I think there is a very significant impact on the military
training mission that exists along the gulf coast.
As many of you may know, Tyndall Air Force Base is the home of the
training for the F-22 and the F-15. The Joint Strike Fighter is going
to be based up in that area, and if that prohibition were to be lifted,
obviously, that would seriously impact, according to the military, the
officials in the Pentagon, the Chief of Staff of the Air Force, the
Secretary of Defense, all have said that the critical nature of that
Gulf of Mexico training range will be seriously impacted and our
military as a result will be impacted.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to my friend
from Florida (Mr. Foley).
Mr. FOLEY. Thank you very much, Mr. Putnam, and all the Members who
have spoken on this critical issue tonight. I thank you.
Most of those supporting the drilling do not live in Florida. It is
interesting, we haven't had many speakers from the Sunshine State who
have said, let's go ahead and drill. And I think there is a reason for
it.
{time} 2045
Let me give you the statistics. NOAA, a very trusted agency, has said
we are entering a 20-year cycle of heavy hurricane activity. Since 2004
there have been nine hurricanes that have hit the Gulf of Mexico. One
of the reasons there has been a spike in energy prices is because most
of it is located in the gulf, exactly where some proponents of drilling
would have us build more drills. We simply do not need it. We do have
to be more conservative in our approach to fuels and use alternative
energy. Sticking pipes in the ground in Hurricane Alley is not a
solution.
So I would urge my colleagues to heed the warnings and advice of
those who live in Florida and ask you to reject the notion that we
should drill there. Support our amendment, support the amendment to
strip this provision from the bill, and allow us to continue to talk
and negotiate with those parties who are involved.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of
my time.
Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 30 seconds.
We have begun an important debate here that even the author of the
language that we are seeking to strip admits is Draconian, and allowing
drilling 3 miles offshore, even the sponsor admits that is not his
goal. If that is not his goal, adopt the Putnam-Capps amendment and let
us move on to the appropriate way to discuss comprehensive energy
policy in this Nation and how it impacts the Gulf of Mexico.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the balance of my time.
I will make three points. First, the Poe amendment and the Peterson
amendment are the same thing. Two hundred and seventy-four Members just
voted ``no'' on the Poe amendment. If you voted ``no'' on the Poe
amendment, you should vote ``yes'' on our amendment.
Drilling for gas is drilling for oil. The American Petroleum
Institute says as much, as does MMS. Second, it is simply untrue to say
that we do not have access to the vast majority of resources on the
Outer Continental Shelf. The Bush administration itself says that we
currently can drill in areas where 80 percent of the natural gas is
located.
Finally, this is more of the same failed energy strategy that has
gotten us record high energy prices and record high profits for the oil
companies. We need a new direction on energy.
Vote for the Putnam-Capps amendment, protect our coasts, and take a
step into the future.
Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance of my time.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from Hawaii (Mr. Abercrombie).
(Mr. ABERCROMBIE asked and was given permission to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Chairman, I am standing here on what is normally
the Republican side to emphasize, and I have said this right from the
very beginning when Mr. Peterson and I have tried to deal with this
issue in the Resources Committee, that is not a Republican and
Democratic issue. And I think you can see from the fact that people
have come to both sides here tonight to speak about it that it is not a
Democrat and Republican issue. This is an issue of trying to come to a
sensible conclusion on what American policy should be.
And believe me, I think I am in a good position to say to folks that
I can appreciate the fact that tourism is on the minds of our good
friends from Florida and from California and elsewhere in the country,
particularly around the coasts. I do not think that anybody is as close
to tourism or is closer, I should say, to tourism in terms of their
representation than myself.
So the issue is what should we do and what can be done to advance
America's independence with regard to energy and what at the same time
can protect our constituents in a way that we can all be compatible
with?
I think what needs to be said and has not been said tonight are what
some of the origins of our difficulties are. Right now the Republicans
have their particular difficulties with certain segments, factions, as
our Founding Fathers and mothers said, factions that come in. You have
got your problems. Certain people have religious views.
What we have on the Democratic side are other people with religious
views. We have environmental Talibans out there now who have revealed
wisdom with regard to drilling, in this instance, for natural gas, and
you cannot thwart them. You cannot stand up and say let us have a
discussion to see whether that really represents today's reality. That
is all this is about.
Believe me, no one, Mr. Peterson, myself, nor any other advocate,
wants to drill 3 miles off of anybody's coastline. What this gives us
the opportunity to do is to have a responsible conversation in the
Resources Committee about whether or not we should move forward with
natural gas extraction and exploration and, if so, how should we do it
in a way that is responsible to everyone?
So what I ask is please allow us to begin that conversation by not
supporting the amendment and allowing us to move to the Resources
Committee to have the discussion Mr. Putnam has requested.
We are with you and we would like to be able to do it.
Environment
Lifting the moratoria will not allow production 3 miles off of the
coast. This is only the first step and will provide for discussion and
consideration of the kinds of restrictions that are needed for
responsible production. Mr. Peterson and I have introduced legislation
to give States a 20-mile buffer zone and 40 percent revenue sharing for
producing States.
Natural gas-only drilling is possible and takes place in Canada on
the Great Lakes and will begin next year in the Barents Sea by Norway.
Drill cuttings are contained and shipped to shore for proper
disposal, not left to pollute the ocean and hurt marine life. This
disposal technology is used throughout the world and was recognized by
a blue ribbon panel of judges from the U.S. Coast Guard, the Minerals
Management Service and the National Academy of Sciences' Marine Board
as an outstanding contribution to safety and protection of the
environment.
[[Page H2864]]
Eighty percent of known resources are already open to development.
This is based on 40-year-old estimates that are hopelessly out of date.
New technology, 3-D seismic and the like, could give better estimates,
but MMS is prohibited by the appropriations moratorium from conducting
physical assessments in those areas.
Jobs and the Economy
The Putnam amendment is opposed by the International Brotherhood of
Boilermakers; Sheet Metal Workers International Association; Building
and Construction Trades Department, AFL-CIO; and the Forest Products
Industry National Labor Management Committee.
Since 2000, U.S. natural gas prices have been the highest in the
world. U.S. companies--and U.S. workers--are at an unfair competitive
disadvantage in the global market.
The Department of Commerce estimates that during 2000-04, natural gas
price increases reduced civilian employment by an average of 489,000
jobs/year. Losses in the manufacturing sector accounted for 16 percent
of that loss, 79,000 jobs per year.
Building and Construction Trades Department, American
Federation of Labor--Congress of Industrial
Organizations,
Washington, DC, May 18, 2006.
Dear Representative: On behalf of the affiliated unions of
the Building and Construction Trades Department and the
millions of union members and their families whose
livelihoods depend on affordable natural gas, I am writing to
ask you to stand up for the American worker and vote against
the Putnam-Capps Amendment to the Interior Appropriations
bill.
Putnam-Capps is a slap in the face of every union member
who works in an industry that is losing business due to the
high price of natural gas.
Manufacturing industries consume large amounts of natural
gas to power their equipment, and as a raw ingredient that
goes into thousands of manufactured goods. Union workers make
the production, distribution and consumption of those goods
possible. Since 2000, U.S. natural gas prices have been the
highest in the world. U.S. companies--and U.S. workers--are
at an unfair competitive disadvantage in the global market.
Industrial production is shutting down or moving overseas and
more than three million manufacturing jobs have disappeared
in that time.
The cause for high U.S. natural gas prices is a severe
imbalance between supply and demand. U.S. government policy
pushes up demand by encouraging new uses for natural gas,
including electricity generation, ethanol and hydrogen. At
the same time, Congress severely restricts access to new
supplies. In the absence of new supply, new sources of demand
are driving traditional industrial demand out of the market,
wiping out union jobs in the process.
Supporters of the Putnam-Capps Amendment are turning a
blind eye to the problem and they are jeopardizing millions
of good paying union jobs by prohibiting access to new
sources of natural gas supply.
For the Building Trades, offshore natural gas production is
first and foremost a jobs issue. If you support keeping good-
paying union jobs in the USA, you will vote against the
Putnam-Capps, Amendment.
Sincerely,
Edward C. Sullivan,
President.
Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
I thank my friend from Hawaii. That conversation is well underway. I
appreciate the leadership of our friend from California, the chairman
of the Resources Committee, Mr. Pombo, who has led that discussion and
has led to a very bipartisan, thoughtful, and candid approach to the
proper way to deal with this Nation's energy crisis, the proper way to
deal with exploration in the Gulf of Mexico, the proper way to make
sure that we are not impeding the military mission that would affect
our Nation's defense.
This language that the amendment I have sponsored with Mrs. Capps and
a number of others is an overreach. The amendment fixes what even the
authors of that language admit is an overreach. Three miles is not
supported by even the person who wrote the language. So if that is the
case, let us pass the Putnam-Capps amendment and begin to move further
down that road of the exploration question to solve our Nation's energy
problems.
Mr. Chairman, I am pleased now to yield the balance of my time to a
champion for Florida, a stalwart in this debate, the chairman of the
Defense Subcommittee of the Appropriations Committee, my good friend,
Mr. Young.
Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Chairman, my friends who are opposing the
Putnam-Capps amendment would like us to believe that in the Gulf of
Mexico there is an unlimited supply of nice, clean, cheap natural gas
just waiting for someone to punch a hole and it will come flowing out.
That is really interesting because Mr. Peterson's effort last year was
to create an inventory to see if there was any natural gas in the Gulf
of Mexico. There is something wrong here. That is not really
consistent. Last year we did not know if there was or not. This year we
are prepared to violate environmental concerns. Is there gas there or
is there not gas there?
And what about the high cost? I learned something interesting at the
Appropriations Committee the other day, that no matter what it costs to
produce a barrel of oil domestically in the United States we still pay
the same price that OPEC charges. Why? I do not know. One Member told
me that his State produces oil for $30 a barrel that has to go through
Canada, and they sell it back to us at 70 some dollars a barrel. There
is something wrong with that. And then this afternoon I learned that
natural gas is priced the same way. So is it going to be less expensive
to produce in the Gulf of Mexico, where the environmental issues are
real and the national defense issues are real, or should we allow, as
Mr. Putnam has suggested and I suggested earlier on the Poe amendment,
and that was a good vote on the Poe amendment, to let the authorizing
committee that holds hearings, and there were no hearings on this, on
the appropriations part of it, let the authorizing committee do their
work and let us make a decision based on what is the truth versus
fiction versus opinion, what is real, what is safe for the environment,
and let us pass the Putnam amendment here this evening.
Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. YOUNG of Florida. I yield to the gentleman from Washington.
Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, I just want to reiterate an important fact
that was made in the full committee. Federal offshore lands already
open to exploration is 80 percent of potential gas reserves offshore.
Of the most current mean estimate of undiscovered, technically
recoverable gas: offshore non-moratoria reserves, 328 trillion cubic
feet; offshore moratoria reserves, 77 trillion cubic feet.
There is a lot of offshore drilling that can be done that is legal,
as the gentlewoman said, from the Minerals Management Service's most
recent report. So let us go drill there and protect our beaches. That
is the best way to move forward and let the authorizers go forward and
try to come up with a responsible end to this. But to precipitously
move out tonight on this Peterson amendment would be a mistake, and I
support strongly the Putnam-Capps amendment.
Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I appreciate
the gentleman's comments and I appreciate his support, and it is more
than just beaches. It is fisheries, ecosystems that are critical to the
food chain in the Gulf of Mexico. This is more than just beaches, and
beaches are important. And I represent a lot of beaches and they are
beautiful, and we welcome all of you to come.
Mr. DICKS. If the gentleman will yield, we do, Mr. Chairman.
Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Actually, yes, and we appreciate that very
much.
But, anyway, let us pass the Putnam amendment. This is the right
thing to do, and let us let the House work its will through the
established process, through the committee process, a committee that
has appropriate jurisdiction.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the
balance of my time.
I want to thank everybody tonight. There has been a good tone of this
debate. There has been no personalities. It has been friendly, but I
think it has been very informational.
I want to share this letter with you. Mr. Abercrombie was supposed
to. ``Supporters of the Putnam-Capps amendment are turning a blind eye
to the problem, and they are jeopardizing millions of good-paying union
jobs by prohibiting access to new sources of natural gas supply,'' says
the Building and Construction Trades and Contractors. In fact, eight
unions in the last few days have signed up in support of this
legislation.
Folks, this is not about 3 miles offshore. This is not about
hearings. Did we have hearings before this authorizing language was
placed in this bill 25 times? I was here 5 years before I knew
[[Page H2865]]
I was voting to prohibit offshore production of natural gas. I would
have been protesting a long time ago.
Folks, this is about our future. America's richest energy source is
natural gas. It is the cleanest, it is the mother's milk of all of our
industries. American women in the North should not have to keep their
thermostats at 55 degrees, and they have in my district. Churches in
rural areas should not have to meet in the basement in January and
February because they cannot a afford the gas bill, and they have in my
district.
Folks, natural gas prices are changing how people live in this
country, and they are changing to where companies decide on whether
they want to live here. When we lose the industries we have talked
about, folks, it is happening. We cannot delay.
They talk about the years it is going to take to get the supply. That
is why we need to do it tomorrow. We need to do authorizing language.
We need to have the President look at this issue with a bright eye. We
have a lot of work to do, folks. But energy is the mother's milk of our
country. We will never balance the budget without a growing economy,
and our economy will stop growing if we do not have affordable, clean
natural gas to fuel it.
Ms. ESHOO. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of this bipartisan
amendment to retain the moratoria on drilling in protected offshore
areas of the United States.
If we don't approve this amendment, we will undo a 25-year legacy of
protecting the coast of my State of California and other States from
the damage that can be done by drilling.
Three Presidents . . . George Bush, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush,
have supported the drilling moratoria in sensitive coastal areas of the
United States.
The Governor of the State of California has written to Members of the
California delegation to express his support of the moratorium and he
opposes the language in this bill. He wrote:
``[T]he bill's provisions would allow drilling to begin
just three miles from our coast. Rather than watching the sun
set on the western horizon each day, millions of Californians
and visitors will now see grotesque oil platforms in plain
sight. I urge the Delegation to oppose these provisions and
work to defeat them during the House debate. California's
beautiful coastline is an integral part of our culture, our
heritage, and our economy. Putting it at risk would be an
absolute travesty.''
The argument we're hearing is that we need to develop domestic
natural gas supplies to bring down prices and avoid dependence on
foreign sources of energy.
This argument is a masquerade.
It's well known that there cannot be selective drilling for natural
gas. Drilling is drilling, and where gas is found, oil is also found.
Last fall, the Director of the Mineral Management Service, Johnnie
Burton, said so. He said:
Natural gas seldom comes totally by itself. It has some
liquids with it. Sometimes it is oil, sometimes it is very
refined oil . . .
So lifting the moratorium on gas drilling will also effectively lift
the ban on oil drilling.
Mr. Chairman, if we're concerned about prices and security, we need
to begin requiring the use of renewable fuels and improving the fuel
economy of our automobiles. We shouldn't tear our oceans apart and ruin
our coastlines.
Mr. LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Chairman, I regret that I could not be
present today because of a family medical emergency and I would like to
submit this statement for the Record in support of the Capps amendment
to H.R. 5386, the FY2007 Interior-Environment Appropriations Bill.
The bill before the House today includes a provision lifting a long-
standing Congressional ban on natural gas drilling and production in
most of the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). More import than what it
does, however, is what it fails to do. For instance, rather than giving
States a ``buffer zone'' which allows them to block the construction of
natural gas platforms within 20 miles of their shores, the provision in
this bill opens the OCS to drilling as close as three miles. Since this
provision is being tacked onto an appropriations bill, it does not
include the critic authorizing language that will provide the
Department of the Interior with guidance on how and where to provide
for drilling and production, or even grant them the authority to issue
leases. In addition, it lifts only the Congressional prohibition on OCS
natural gas drilling and leaves intact the Executive ban in effect
until 2012, making this provision meaningless without more extensive
authorizing legislation.
Many of our colleagues have deep concerns about the impact that
opening our OCS to natural gas drilling and production will have on
their States. This is therefore not an issue we should rush into with
only cursory debate in an appropriations bill. Rather, it is one that
should be carefully considered, with input reflecting all sides of this
issue, through hearings held by the House Resources Committee. I urge
my colleagues to support the Capps amendment.
Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Putnam-Capps
amendment to restore the congressional spending moratorium against
natural gas leases off the coastline of the national Outer Continental
Shelf (OCS).
The repeal of the congressional spending moratorium that was adopted
by the Appropriations Committee limits States' ability to safeguard
their natural resources and would set current OCS policy badly adrift.
The prohibition of OCS drilling has been a national priority for over
20 years. Congress led the way by passing the first moratorium on OCS
leasing in 1982, which was soon extended to waters throughout much of
our nation's coastal areas.
Opposition to OCS drilling is particularly strong in Florida due to
the potentially devastating consequences it could have for our economy,
natural resources, and quality of life. Our pristine beaches and
waterways represent our best and most distinctive qualities and attract
millions of visitors from across the country and world every year.
Repealing the moratorium severely jeopardizes Florida's $57 billion
tourist economy.
Our natural habitats, particularly our marine life, represent some of
the richest and most diverse ecosystems in the world. The quality of
life enjoyed by Floridians is due in large part to these natural
endowments, which has made my state one of the most desirable places in
the country to work and live.
I am also concerned about the impact the repeal of the moratorium
could have on our military readiness. The language incorporated into
H.R. 5386 poses a serious threat to the critical missions of our Air
Force and Navy which are conducted in the Gulf of Mexico. Since the
closing of the ranges in Vieques, Puerto Rico, the Gulf of Mexico is
home to a number of training missions for our military, specifically
those conducted by the U.S. Navy. The Navy uses the Eastern Gulf of
Mexico to conduct pre-deployment certifications. Additionally,
submerged U.S. Navy submarines launch Tomahawk cruise missiles from the
Eastern Gulf of Mexico. If natural gas companies were allowed to begin
to explore the area, serious encroachments on these pre-deployment
training exercises would be created.
The Air Force also uses the Gulf of Mexico water ranges to do live
fire tests and evaluations of many of its new weapons systems. For
example, the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Initial Training is being
located at Eglin Air Force Base. The projected Air-to-Surface live fire
weapons training requirements of the F-35 will, according to the Air
Armament Center, ``significantly increase the amount or airspace needed
over the Eastern Gulf.''
In a letter to the Chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee,
Defense Secretary Rumsfeld wrote that ``Prior analysis and existing
agreements recognize that areas east of the 86 deg. 41' line in the
Gulf of Mexico commonly known as the `military mission line' are
especially critical to DoD due to the number and diversity of military
testing and training activities conducted there now, and those planned
for the future. In those areas east of the military mission line
drilling structures and associated development would be incompatible
with military activities, such as missile flights, low-flying drone
aircraft, weapons testing, and training.''
The current language in H.R. 5386 could open the entire eastern Gulf
of Mexico, including areas east of the military mission line, to
natural gas exploration and activities. This is in direct conflict with
the statement from Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld and a direct threat to
the readiness of the United States military.
I urge my colleagues to support the Putnam-Capps amendment.
Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in strong support of the
Putnam-Capps amendment to H.R. 5386. This amendment, which has broad
bi-partisan support, would remove the provisions in the underlying bill
that lifts three long-standing moratoriums on offshore natural gas
leasing.
This provision will not provide the relief its supports claim it
will. It will merely hinder our efforts to get a real and permanent
solution to this problem.
The repeal of the congressional moratorium will limit States' ability
to safeguard their natural resources and would set current OCS policy
badly adrift. The prohibition of OCS drilling has been a national
priority for over 20 years. Congress led the way by passing the first
moratorium on OCS leasing in 1982, which was soon extended to waters
throughout much of our nation's coastal areas. Dismantling this 25-year
congressional moratorium in an appropriations bill is an unwise
approach to our nation's energy needs.
Comprehensive legislative is needed to deal with the many complex oil
and gas issues on the OCS. For the past few months, I have been working
with some of my Florida colleagues on a comprehensive solution to this
[[Page H2866]]
issue, not a patchwork of legislative initiatives. We have worked with
Chairman Pombo on legislation that would give the states the final
authority to decide whether or not to allow drilling or leasing off its
shores.
It is imperative to empower all coastal states to determine their own
future, putting decisions regarding offshore development in the hands
of our state elected officials instead of the federal government. The
bill would have put a 125-mile buffer permanently under state control
for purposes of oil and gas leasing.
Ms. LEE. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong opposition to the interior
appropriations bill and in support of the Putnam/Capps amendment.
For 25 years we have maintained a bipartisan agreement to ban any new
drilling off our shores because we believed it was more important to
safeguard the health and beauty of our coastal environment for future
generations to enjoy.
But now the interior appropriations bill threatens to upset this
agreement and open our coastal areas to drilling despite overwhelming
opposition from the American people.
We should not be trading away our pristine coastal habitats to fatten
the coffers of the administration's cronies in the oil and gas
industry.
The fact of the matter is that new offshore drilling will do nothing
in the short term to reduce the high gas prices that consumers are
facing at the pump, and will do nothing in the long term to wean us
away from our addiction to oil.
The best way to fight high gas prices now is to hold oil companies
accountable for gouging consumers by instituting a windfall profits
tax.
At the same time, we need to make immediate investments to expand
energy efficiency by raising vehicle fuel economy standards, increasing
the use of renewable fuels, and by adopting a foreign policy that does
not hold our constituents hostage to the latest political crisis in the
Middle East.
Today our constituents are paying the price for this administration's
deliberate decision to prioritize the profit margins of the oil and gas
industry over a comprehensive and sustainable long term energy policy.
Vote against another giveaway to the energy industry. Support the
Putnam/Capps amendment and save our coastal environments.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Florida (Mr. Putnam).
The question was taken; and the Chairman announced that the ayes
appeared to have it.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, further proceedings
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Florida will be
postponed.
Amendment Offered by Ms. Jackson-Lee of Texas
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Ms. Jackson-Lee of Texas:
At the end of the bill (before the short title), insert the
following:
TITLE V--ADDITIONAL GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 501. None of the funds made available in this Act may
be used to eliminate or restrict programs that are for the
reforestation of urban areas.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the previous order of the House of today,
the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Jackson-Lee) and a Member opposed each
will control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentlewoman from Texas.
{time} 2100
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I
may consume.
Mr. Chairman, I thank the chairman and ranking member of the
subcommittee for their kindness and understanding of the importance of
this amendment and allowing me to present this amendment.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman
yield?
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I would be delighted to yield to the
gentleman from North Carolina. I would like to be able to explain the
amendment.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, we would be happy to
accept it, if the gentlewoman would explain it briefly.
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I thank
the chairman. You are very kind.
Mr. Chairman, I live in an area that is urban, but yet rural, and I
ask in this amendment that no funds be used to eliminate or restrict
programs that are for reforestation of urban areas.
If I might, Mr. Chairman, just indicate to you, the surveys indicate
that some urban forests are in serious danger. In the past 30 years
alone, we have lost 30 percent of all of our urban trees, a loss of
over 600 million trees. Eighty percent of the American population live
in dense quarters of a city.
This amendment simply emphasizes the importance of urban
reforestation, and allows me to salute the City of Houston Parks
Department, the Pleasantville community that invested in the
reforestation of their neighborhood, and it also provides the umbrella
of trees that cleans the air, clears the air of toxic entities, and
provides the quality of life that all of us would like.
So I appreciate the opportunity to present this amendment to
reemphasize the importance in the Interior Department to as well affirm
the value of reforestation.
I ask my colleagues to support the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I rise today to offer an amendment that emphasizes the
importance of urban forests, and preserves our ability to return urban
areas to healthy and safe living environments for our children.
Surveys indicate that some urban forests are in serious danger. In
the past 3 years alone, we have lost 30 percent of all our urban
trees--a loss of over 600 million trees.
Eight percent of the American population lives in the dense quarters
of a city. Reforestation programs return a tool of nature to a concrete
area that can help to remove air pollution, filter out chemicals and
agricultural waste in water, and save communities millions of dollars
in storm water management costs. I have certainly seen neighborhoods in
Houston benefit from urban reforestation.
In addition, havens of green in the middle of a city can have
beneficial effects on a community's health, both physical and
psychological, as well as increase property value of surrounding real
estate.
Reforestation of cities is an innovative way of combating urban
sprawl and/or deterioration. Commitment to enhancing our environment
involves both the protection of existing natural resources and active
support for restoration and improvement projects.
In 1999, American Forests, a conservation group, estimated that the
tree cover lost in the greater Washington metropolitan area from 1973
to 1997 resulted in an additional 540 million cubic feet of storm water
runoff annually, which would have taken more than $1 billion in storm
water control facilities to manage.
Trees breathe in carbon dioxide, and produce oxygen. People breathe
in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. A typical person consumes about 38
lbs of oxygen per year. A healthy tree, say a 32 ft tall ash tree, can
produce about 260 lb of oxygen annually. Two trees supply the oxygen
needs of a person for a year!
Trees help reduce pollution by capturing particulates like dust and
pollen with their leaves. A mature tree absorbs from 120 to 240 lbs of
the small particles and gases of air pollution. They help combat the
effects of ``greenhouse'' gases, the increased carbon dioxide produced
from burning fossil fuels that is causing our atmosphere to ``heat
up''.
Trees help cool down the overall city environment by shading asphalt,
concrete and metal surfaces. Buildings and paving in city centers
create a heat-island effect. A mature tree canopy reduces air
temperatures by about 5-10 degrees Fahrenheit. A 25-foot tree reduces
annual heating and cooling cost of a typical residence by 8 to 12
percent, producing an average $10 savings per American household.
Proper tree plantings around buildings can slow winter winds and reduce
annual energy use for home heating by 4-22 percent.
Trees play a vital role in making our cities more sustainable and
liveable, and this amendment simply provides for continued support to
programs that reforest our urban areas. I urge my colleagues to join me
in supporting these efforts.
Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. Does anyone claim the time in opposition?
If not, the question is on the amendment offered by the gentlewoman
from Texas (Ms. Jackson-Lee).
The amendment was agreed to.
Amendment Offered by Ms. Jackson-Lee of Texas
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Ms. Jackson-Lee of Texas:
[[Page H2867]]
At the end of the bill (before the short title), insert the
following:
TITLE V--ADDITIONAL GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 501: None of the funds made available in this Act may
be used to limit outreach programs administered by the
Smithsonian Institution.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the
gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Jackson-Lee) and a Member opposed each will
control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentlewoman from Texas.
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I
may consume.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman
yield?
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I yield to the gentleman from North
Carolina.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, we will be happy to
accept this amendment also.
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I thank
the gentleman very much.
Mr. Chairman, I want to thank the ranking member of the subcommittee,
the ranking member of the full committee, and the chairman of the full
committee.
Very briefly, Mr. Chairman, this reemphasizes the importance of the
Smithsonian, but what it says is that no funds shall be used to
eliminate the outreach programs of the Smithsonian.
The reason why I offer this is simply a quote from James Baldwin that
says ``the great force of history comes from the fact that we carry it
within us, and that history is literally present in all that we do.''
The outreach programs for the Smithsonian will help cities beyond the
Beltway to establish culturally grounded museums that present the
history of America. The City of Houston is attempting to do an African
American History Museum, and it will be the importance of the
Smithsonian outreach program that provides the thousands of communities
that serve millions of Americans and hundreds of institutions in all 50
States through loan objects, traveling exhibitions and sharing of
educational resources via publications, lectures and presentations,
training programs and Web sites.
I know that we are going to be able to establish that museum in the
City of Houston. It will be through reaffirming the value of the
outreach programs of the Smithsonian, and we ask that no funds be
utilized to stop that outreach program.
Mr. Chairman, I ask my colleagues to support the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I rise today to offer my amendment that encourages
support of the Smithsonian Institution's outreach programs.
It is of the utmost importance that none of the funds made available
in this Act be used to limit outreach programs administered by the
Smithsonian Institution.
The Smithsonian's outreach programs bring Smithsonian scholars in
art, history and science out of ``the nation's attic'' and into their
own backyard. Each year, millions of Americans visit the Smithsonian in
Washington, D.C. But in order to fulfill the Smithsonian's mission,
``the increase and diffusion of knowledge'', the Smithsonian seeks to
serve an even greater audience by bringing the Smithsonian to enclaves
of communities who otherwise would be deprived of the vast amount of
cultural history offered by the Smithsonian.
The Smithsonian's outreach programs serve millions of Americans,
thousands of communities, and hundreds of institutions in all 50
states, through loans of objects, traveling exhibitions, and sharing of
educational resources via publications, lectures and presentations,
training programs, and websites. Smithsonian outreach programs work in
close cooperation with Smithsonian museums and research centers, as
well as with 144 affiliate institutions and others across the nation.
The Smithsonian's outreach activities support community-based
cultural and educational organizations around the country; ensure a
vital, recurring, and high-impact Smithsonian presence in all 50 states
through the provision of traveling exhibitions and a network of
affiliations; increase connections between the Institution and targeted
audiences (African American, Asian American, Latino, Native American,
and new American); provide kindergarten through college-age museum
education and outreach opportunities; enhance K-12 science education
programs; facilitate the Smithsonian's scholarly interactions with
students and scholars at universities, museums, and other research
institutions; and publish and disseminate results related to the
research and collections strengths of the Institution.
One example of a large and successful outreach program is the
Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service (SITES).
SITES will be the public exhibitions' face of the Smithsonian's
National Museum of African American History and Culture, as the
planning for that new Museum gets under way. Providing national access
to projects that will introduce the American public to the Museum's
mission, SITES in FY 2007 will tour such stirring exhibitions as ``381
Days: The Montgomery Bus Boycott Story''.
The mission of Smithsonian Affiliations is to build a strong national
network of museums and educational organizations in order to establish
active and engaging relationships with communities throughout the
country. There are currently 138 affiliates located in the United
States, Puerto Rico, and Panama. By working with museums of diverse
subject areas and scholarly disciplines, both emerging and well-
established, Smithsonian Affiliations is building partnerships through
which audiences and visitors everywhere will be able to share in the
great wealth of the Smithsonian while building capacity and expertise
in local communities.
The Smithsonian also offers access to its resources to underserved
audiences in urban locales and to individuals with disabilities.
I urge my colleagues to support this amendment, and support the
Smithsonian's high quality education and its ability to share our
wealth of knowledge to every American.
Recently I was asked if museums that explore the African
American experience are still valuable as they once were in
this diverse and more integrated America. While I responded
quickly, I realized later that the question deserved more
thought.
The notion that African American history has limited
meaning should be a concern for all Americans. We would be
better served if we remember the words that James Baldwin
wrote in his powerful novel, The Fire Next Time: ``. . .
history does not refer merely or even principally to the
past. On the contrary, the great force of history comes from
the fact that we carry it within us, are unconsciously
controlled by it in many ways, and that history is literally
present in all that we do.''
Let me cite four reasons why the interpretation and
preservation of African American history and culture are so
important and relevant for an America still struggling with
the legacy and impact of race.
(1) The Danger of Forgetting: You can tell a great deal
about a country or a people by what they deem important
enough to remember, what they build monuments to celebrate;
and what graces the walls of their museums. Throughout
Scandinavia there are monuments and museums that cherish the
Vikings as a proud symbol of Nordic curiosity, exploration,
and freedom. In Scotland, much is made of the heroic
struggles of William Wallace (whom we know as Mel Gibson) to
throw off the yoke of British domination. Until recently,
South Africa was dominated by monuments and memories of the
Vortrekker, while the United States traditionally revels in
Civil War battles or founding fathers, with an occasional
president thrown into the mix.
Yet I would argue that we learn even more about a country
by what it chooses to forget. This desire to omit--to forget
disappointments, moments of evil, and great missteps--is both
natural and instructive. It is often the essence of African
American culture that is forgotten or downplayed. And yet, it
is also the African American experience that is a clarion
call to remember.
A good example of this nexus of race and memory is one of
the last great unmentionables of public discourse about
American history--the story of slavery. For nearly 250 years,
slavery not only existed but it was one of the most dominate
forces in American life. Political clout and economic fortune
depended upon the labor of slaves. Almost every aspect of
American life--from business to religion, from culture to
commerce, from foreign policy to western expansion was
informed and shaped by the experience of slavery. American
slavery was so dominant globally that 90 percent of the
world's cotton was produced in the American South. By 1860
the monetary value of slaves outweighed all the
money invested in this country's railroads, banking, and
industry combined. And the most devastating war in
American history was fought over the issue of slavery.
And yet few institutions address this history for a non-
scholarly audience. And there are even fewer opportunities to
discuss--candidly and openly--the impact, legacy, and
contemporary meaning of slavery.
I remember a small survey from the early 1990s that
assessed the public's knowledge about slavery. The results
were fascinating: 81 percent of white respondents felt that
slavery was a history that had little to do with them; 73
percent felt that slavery was an important story but that its
real relevance was only to African Americans. Even more
troubling was the fact that the majority of African Americans
surveyed expressed either little interest or some level of
embarrassment about slavery.
There is a great need to help Americans understand that the
history of slavery matters because so much of our complex and
troubling struggle to find racial equality has
[[Page H2868]]
been shaped by slavery. And until we use the past to better
understand the contemporary resonance of slavery, we will
never get to the heart of one of the central dilemmas in
American life--race relations. But it is also important for
those who preserve and interpret African American life to
help combat the notion of embarrassment. I am not ashamed of
my slave ancestors, I am in awe of their ability--in spite of
the cruelties of slavery--to maintain their culture, their
sense of family, their humor and their humanity. I wish more
people knew the words of William Prescott, a former slave who
when asked about slavery by a WPA interviewer in the 1930s
said, ``They will remember that we were sold but not that we
were strong; they will remember that we were bought but not
that we were brave.''
(2) The power of inspiration: There is a great need and
opportunity to draw inspiration, sustenance, and guidance for
African American culture. And from this inspiration, people
can find tools and paths to help them live their lives. The
importance of inspiration was brought home to me on a trip a
few years ago.
In 1997, I was lecturing in South Africa. One day I found
myself in the small city of Pietermaritaburgr, which is
located in Durban in Kwa Zulu Natal. This city has a
significant Indian population and it was the site of Mahatma
Gandhi's first brush with the racism of South Africa in 1903.
While I was there, Nelson Mandela came to this city that was
the ancestral homeland of his political and tribal rivals,
the Zulus. He was to receive ``the freedom of the city.'' I
was privileged to sit on the podium as Mandela gave his
speech. As is his custom, he spoke in several languages--from
Xhosa to Zulu to N'debele--about his struggles against
apartheid. And then in English he spoke about his 27 years in
the prison on Robben Island. He said one of the things that
gave him strength and substance was the history of the
struggle for racial equality in America. He spoke
passionately and eloquently of how American abolitionists
such as Sojourner Truth, Harriet Tubman, William Lloyd
Garrison and Frederick Douglass inspired him and helped him
to believe that freedom and racial transformation were
possible in South Africa.
Mandel's words helped me to remember the power of African
American culture. We hold such important moments within
our collective institutions. Who could not be inspired by
the oratory, the commitment to racial justice, or the
ultimate sacrifice of Dr. King? Who is not moved by the
beauty of the work of Betty Saar, the richness of the
words of Langston Hughes or the quiet bravery of Rosa
Parks and John Lewis? Or who is not moved by the family
who came north during the Great Migration or the person
who struggled and risked death to keep his name on the
voter registration list during the 1960s? It is crucial to
remember that we are all made better by embracing the
inspirational stories and lessons of African American
culture.
(3) The power of illumination: Far too often, many view the
experiences of the African American community as an
interesting and occasionally exotic ancillary story that has
limited impact on most Americans. Yet the story of how race,
how African American culture has shaped and continues to re-
shape American life, is less understood than it should be. It
is important that we help all to grapple with the centrality
of race in the construction of American identity.
As American continues its internal debates about who we are
as a nation and what our core values are, where better to
look than through the lens of African American history and
culture. If one wants to understand the notion of American
resilience, optimism, or spirituality, where better than the
black experience. If one wants to explore the limits of the
American dream, where better than by examining the Gordian
knot of race relations. If one want to understand the impact
and tensions that accompany the changing demographics of our
cities, where better than the literature and music of the
African American community. African American culture has the
power and the complexity needed to illuminate all the dark
corners of American life, and the power to illuminate all
the possibility and ambiguities of American life. One of
the challenges before us, whether we write, preserve,
exhibit history or consume culture, is to do a better job
of centralizing race.
(4) The Mirror: A final reason why African American history
and culture are still so vital, so relevant, and so important
is because the black past is a wonderful but unforgiving
mirror that reminds us of America's ideals and promises. It
is a mirror that makes those who are often invisible, more
visible, and it gives voice to many who are often overlooked.
It is a mirror that challenges us to be better and to work to
make our community and country better. But it is also a
mirror that allows us to see our commonalities. It is a
mirror that allows us to celebrate and to revel but also
demands that we all struggle, that we all continue to ``fight
the good fight.''
The struggle to create a national monument to black life
goes back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This
desire for recognition, acceptance, and cultural
acknowledgement was thwarted until the recent legislative
success engineered by Congressman John Lewis and Senator Sam
Brownback. Legislation was passed by Congress in 2003 and
signed by the President. Now at last the National Museum of
African American History and Culture exists. It is not yet
what it will be one day--a site has yet to be chosen from the
four now under consideration--but that begs the question,
What is NMAAHC?
It is a museum that will celebrate and honor African
American history and culture by reveling in and revealing the
richness, the lessons, the ambiguities, the challenges and
the beauty of African American culture. And through that
exploration, the many publics will find meaning, relevance,
and understanding.
When I imagine the museum I see interactive exhibitions on
the history and legacy of slavery, on the Cultural
Renaissance of the 1920s, on the Civil Rights movement. But I
also see the opportunity to explore cultural expressions like
dance, performance, and of course, art. But while the museum
must explore the large stories, it must also provide glimpses
into more intimate moments of the African American story.
The museum must also use this culture as a lens for all to
better understand what it means to be an American, so that
all who visit, interact with its online activities, and
experience its national programming will see how America was
and will always be shaped by this culture.
The museum must be a place of collaboration and education--
especially with the African American museum field. I see this
museum as a collaborator, not a competitor. And I see that
collaboration beginning immediately. I believe that this
museum must begin strategic program and collaborations right
away. I want to work with many of our African American
museums to develop lectures and performances that we can co-
sponsor in their communities. I would also like to work
together to craft a national campaign to ``save our
treasures'' so that sister institutions can continue to
collect the patrimony that is quickly vanishing. And I would
like to find ways that this national museum in Washington can
also highlight the work and increase the visibility of
museums in communities across the country. It may be as
simple as suggesting that as visitors explore an exhibition
on migration here at the Smithsonian, they are encouraged to
visit the DuSable museum in Chicago, or the African American
museum in Los Angeles to get a deeper look at this history,
or letting visitors know about related exhibits at museums of
every kind--art, history, science, living collections,
children's museums--in communities everywhere.
There are many possibilities to explore from collaborating
to help train future generations of African American museum
professionals to working through and with the Institute of
Museum and Library Services to help ensure the sustainability
of the African American institutions.
If we do the job right, the National Museum of African
American History and Culture will be a place of meaning, of
reflection, of laughter, of learning, and of hope. A beacon
that reminds us of what we were, what challenges still
remain, and points us toward what we can become.
Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. Does anyone claim opposition to the gentlewoman's
amendment?
If not, the question is on the amendment offered by the gentlewoman
from Texas (Ms. Jackson-Lee).
The amendment was agreed to.
Amendment No. 1 Offered by Mr. Hefley
Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment No. 1 offered by Mr. Hefley:
At the end of the bill (before the short title), insert the
following new title:
TITLE VI--ADDITIONAL GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 601. Each amount appropriated or otherwise 3 made
available by this Act that is not required to be appropriated
or otherwise made available by a provision of law is reduced
by 1 percent.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the
gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Hefley) and a Member opposed each will
control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Colorado.
Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, I will try to be very brief because, first of all, it
is wonderful to be here with my amendment at a time when the chairman
is in the mood to accept amendments. I am sure he will probably accept
this one as well.
This is one that I have offered for the last 3 years, and it is
identical to them. It is an amendment which trims outlays for H.R. 5386
by 1 percent under the Holman rule, which means that if the amendment
passes, it will be up to the administration to determine where the cuts
will fall.
I think Mr. Taylor, as always, has done a solid and conscientious job
on this bill. That said, I don't think that the funding levels in this
bill are reflective of a country with a deficit in
[[Page H2869]]
excess of $350 billion. This amendment would trim a penny on a dollar
across the agencies funded by this bill.
Last night there was a lot of pontificating about how we need to
balance the budget and we need to get our spending under control. Well,
this is a way to prove that you are really serious about that, not that
this is going to balance the budget, of course. It is not. But it would
at least symbolically say we care about this issue.
So, Mr. Chairman, I would move the amendment, and ask for support of
the committee.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Taylor) is
recognized for 5 minutes in opposition.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time
as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, I love the gentleman from Colorado like a brother, but
I am going to have to oppose his amendment. First of all, the bill has
already been reduced $145 million below the $206 million level. The
nine largest agencies in this bill have absorbed more than $2 billion
in pay and other fixed costs over the past few years, and this bill
assumes that several hundred millions of dollars more in costs will
have to be absorbed.
The committee has done a responsible job, and one might say we gave
at the office. We have already cut this bill about as much as we can. I
have to oppose the gentleman's amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. HEFLEY. I would encourage its passage, and yield back the balance
of my time.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. I yield back the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Hefley).
The question was taken; and the Chairman announced that the noes
appeared to have it.
Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, further proceedings
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Colorado will be
postponed.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Obey
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Obey:
At the end of the bill (before the short title), insert the
following:
TITLE VI--ENHANCED APPROPRIATIONS FOR CONSERVATION, RECREATION, THE
ENVIRONMENT, AND NATIVE AMERICANS
Sec. 601. In addition to the amounts otherwise made
available by this Act, the following sums, to remain
available until expended, are appropriated:
(1) $300,000,000 for clean air and water programs
administered by the Environmental Protection Agency as
follows:
(A) $250,000,000 for the Clean Water State Revolving Fund,
as authorized by title VI of the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act.
(B) $50,000,000 for clean diesel and homeland security
programs, as requested in the President's budget.
(2) $300,000,000 for protection of Federal lands
administered by the Department of the Interior and the United
States Forest Service as follows:
(A) $100,000,000 to address maintenance backlogs within the
national parks, refuges, forests, and other lands of the
United States.
(B) 150,000,000 for acquisition and preservation of
priority lands within the national parks, refuges, and
forests when such lands are threatened by development
activities that could restrict access to such lands in the
future by the American people.
(C) $50,000,000 to address staffing shortages for visitor
services at national parks and national wildlife refuges.
(3) $30,000,000 for grants to States administered by the
National Park Service for support of conservation and
recreation programs within the States.
(4) $20,000,000 for the State and Tribal Wildlife Grants
program administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife
Service.
(5) $50,000,000 for ``Payments in Lieu of Taxes'' as
administered by the Secretary of the Interior and as
authorized by sections 6901 through 6907 of title 31, United
States Code.
(6) $50,000,000 for ``Indian Health Services'' for support
of expanded clinical health services to Native Americans.
(7) $50,000,000 for ``Bureau of Indian Affairs--Operation
of Indian Programs'' for support of educational services to
Native Americans.
Sec. 602. In the case of taxpayers with income in excess of
$1,000,000, for calendar year 2007 the amount of tax
reduction resulting from the enactment of Public Laws 107-16,
108-27, and 108-311 shall be reduced by 1.94 percent.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of
order on the amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman reserves a point of order.
Pursuant to the previous order of the House today, the gentleman from
Wisconsin (Mr. Obey) and a Member opposed each will control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I won't take much time. The Republican bill
before us is based on the assumption that the Senate has passed the
House Republican budget resolution. It hasn't. This amendment is based
on a more responsible assumption.
It is in conformance with the Spratt budget amendment. It adds
roughly $800 million for restoring the Clean Water State Revolving
Fund. We add $50 million to the EPA budget to protect local water
supplies from terrorist attacks. We add $300 million for our national
parks, refuges, and forests. We provide $150 million to provide some
key land acquisitions at Valley Forge, Acadia, Grand Teton, Mount
Rainier and a number of other purposes.
We pay for it with a modest 2 percent reduction in the tax cuts
expected for millionaires. It would reduce the size of their tax cuts
by about $2,200.
I would hope that no one lodges a point of order on this amendment so
we could have a more constructive approach to these programs.
Point of Order
The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from North Carolina insist on his
point of order?
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I do insist on my point
of order.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will state his point of order.
Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I raise a point of order
against the amendment because it proposes to change existing law and
constitutes legislation in an appropriations bill. Therefore, it
violates clause 2 of rule XXI.
The CHAIRMAN. Does any Member wish to be heard on the point of order?
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I reluctantly must concede the point of
order. I would have preferred that the gentleman had not made the point
of order, but given the fact he has done it, the rule under which this
bill is being debated precludes the inclusion of this amendment. I very
much regret that.
The CHAIRMAN. The point of order is conceded and sustained. The
amendment is not in order.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Dent
Mr. DENT. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Dent:
At the end of the bill (before the short title), insert the
following:
TITLE VI--ADDITIONAL GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 601. None of the funds made available in this Act may
be used to implement, administer, or enforce section 20(b)(1)
of the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (25 U.S.C. 2719(b)(1)).
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the
gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Dent) and a Member opposed each will
control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Pennsylvania.
Mr. DENT. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, this amendment, which I do intend to withdraw, would
prevent the Department of the Interior from using any appropriated
funds to further the expansion of off-reservation gambling under the
Indian Gaming Regulatory Act.
Casino gambling sponsored by Indian tribes is a multi-billion dollar
business that today comprises some 23 percent of gambling revenue
nationwide. Unfortunately, as these casino profits increase, so does
the motive to use the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act as a vehicle not for
promoting Indian culture, but only as a tool to spread casino gambling
into places where tribes have no federally recognized historical
presence.
[[Page H2870]]
Because profits in this industry are so high, many of these casinos
are being established long distances, in some cases hundreds of miles,
from existing reservations.
The residents of my district in Pennsylvania, where there are no
federally recognized tribes, have felt the sting caused by the
unbridled expansion of tribal gambling. Recently, the Delaware Nation,
which is headquartered in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, filed suit in U.S.
District Court in Pennsylvania seeking title to land in my district
based on a conveyance that allegedly occurred in 1737.
This land is currently occupied by approximately 25 homeowners as
well as commercial entities such as the Binney and Smith Corporation,
makers of the world-famous Crayola crayons. These innocent homeowners
and businesses have had to go to court to defend their title against
this encroachment, and only after a couple years of litigation and
attorneys' fees has the third circuit found in their favor.
This suit, which has nothing whatsoever to do with the preservation
of Indian culture and everything to do with establishing a casino,
represents just how out of control the pursuit of off-reservation
gambling rights has become.
Mr. Chairman, I would like to take a moment to engage in a colloquy
with my friend and colleague from California (Mr. Pombo).
Mr. Pombo, my specific question to you, I know you plan to advance
legislation out of your committee that will deal with the issue of
reservation shopping.
Mr. POMBO. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman would yield, I appreciate
your agreeing to offer this amendment and withdraw it. This is a major
issue and you have talked to me several times in the past about this
issue and the impact that it has on your district.
I fully understand that. It is something that we in the committee
have taken very seriously. As we move forward with this issue in the
committee, it is something that is extremely important to us and to a
number of other Members of Congress; and I can guarantee you that as we
move forward that the issues that you raise will be taken under
consideration.
In terms of crossing State lines and having the ability to locate off
current reservation land, we will deal with that.
Also we have the issue dealing with tribes who do not currently have
land in trust. That is a major issue. It is an issue in California, and
something we are dealing with in the underlying legislation. As the
authorizing committee moves forward, this is something that we are
going to address.
I appreciate you bringing this to the attention of Congress. I do
know that it is a major issue in your district, and we will deal with
it.
Mr. DENT. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I yield 1 minute to my
friend from Oregon (Mr. Wu).
Mr. WU. Mr. Chairman, I thank Mr. Dent, and I rise in support of his
amendment because of a proposed Indian gambling casino for the Columbia
River Gorge National Scenic Area. The Columbia River Gorge National
Scenic Area is the crown jewel of Oregon's natural heritage. The
Columbia River cuts the only sea level passage through the Cascade
Mountains. It is, to many, another Yosemite, with many waterfalls and
the second tallest waterfall in North America.
There is a proposed 700,000 square foot casino for this national
scenic area. It would draw 3 million people per year and 1 million
extra cars with the attendant pollution and urbanization.
I support Mr. Dent's amendment and would ask the committee chairman
to address the issues, because the amendment as originally structured
would put a pause and encourage the Department to consider on
reservation sites this for the tribe with the largest reservation in
the State of Oregon.
Mr. DENT. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to withdraw the
amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the amendment is withdrawn.
There was no objection.
Sequential Votes Postponed in Committee of the Whole
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, proceedings will
now resume on those amendments on which further proceedings were
postponed, in the following order:
Amendment by Mr. Oberstar of Minnesota.
Amendment by Mr. Putnam of Florida.
Amendment by Mr. Hefley of Colorado.
The Chair will reduce to 5 minutes the time for any electronic vote
after the first vote in this series.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Oberstar
The CHAIRMAN. The pending business is the demand for a recorded vote
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Oberstar)
on which further proceedings were postponed and on which the noes
prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendment.
The Clerk redesignated the amendment.
Recorded Vote
The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 222,
noes 198, not voting 12, as follows:
[Roll No. 169]
AYES--222
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Allen
Andrews
Baca
Baird
Baldwin
Barrow
Bass
Bean
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Biggert
Bishop (NY)
Blumenauer
Boehlert
Boucher
Bradley (NH)
Brady (PA)
Brown (OH)
Brown, Corrine
Butterfield
Capps
Capuano
Cardin
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carson
Case
Castle
Chandler
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Conyers
Cooper
Costa
Costello
Cramer
Crowley
Cummings
Davis (AL)
Davis (CA)
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (TN)
Davis, Tom
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Doyle
Ehlers
Emanuel
Engel
Eshoo
Etheridge
Farr
Fattah
Ferguson
Filner
Fitzpatrick (PA)
Foley
Forbes
Ford
Frank (MA)
Frelinghuysen
Gerlach
Gilchrest
Gonzalez
Gordon
Green (WI)
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Harman
Hastings (FL)
Higgins
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Holden
Holt
Honda
Hooley
Hoyer
Inslee
Israel
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (IL)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones (NC)
Jones (OH)
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kelly
Kildee
Kilpatrick (MI)
Kind
Kirk
Kucinich
Langevin
Lantos
Larsen (WA)
LaTourette
Lee
Levin
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
LoBiondo
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lynch
Maloney
Markey
Marshall
Matheson
Matsui
McCarthy
McCollum (MN)
McDermott
McGovern
McIntyre
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek (FL)
Meeks (NY)
Michaud
Millender-McDonald
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Mollohan
Moore (KS)
Moore (WI)
Moran (VA)
Murtha
Nadler
Napolitano
Neal (MA)
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Ortiz
Owens
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Payne
Pelosi
Petri
Platts
Price (NC)
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Reichert
Reyes
Rothman
Roybal-Allard
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Ryan (WI)
Sabo
Salazar
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sanders
Saxton
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schwartz (PA)
Schwarz (MI)
Scott (GA)
Scott (VA)
Serrano
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Simmons
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (NJ)
Smith (WA)
Snyder
Solis
Spratt
Stark
Tanner
Tauscher
Taylor (MS)
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tierney
Towns
Udall (CO)
Udall (NM)
Upton
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Walsh
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watson
Watt
Waxman
Weiner
Wexler
Wilson (NM)
Woolsey
Wu
Wynn
Young (FL)
NOES--198
Aderholt
Akin
Alexander
Bachus
Baker
Barrett (SC)
Bartlett (MD)
Barton (TX)
Beauprez
Berry
Bilirakis
Bishop (UT)
Blunt
Boehner
Bonilla
Bonner
Bono
Boozman
Boren
Boswell
Boustany
Boyd
Brady (TX)
Brown (SC)
Brown-Waite, Ginny
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Buyer
Calvert
Camp (MI)
Campbell (CA)
Cantor
Capito
Carter
Chabot
Chocola
Coble
Cole (OK)
Conaway
Crenshaw
Cubin
Cuellar
Culberson
Davis (KY)
Davis, Jo Ann
Deal (GA)
DeLay
Dent
Diaz-Balart, L.
Diaz-Balart, M.
Doolittle
Drake
Dreier
Duncan
Edwards
Emerson
English (PA)
Everett
Feeney
Flake
Fortenberry
Fossella
Foxx
Franks (AZ)
Gallegly
Garrett (NJ)
Gibbons
Gillmor
Gingrey
Gohmert
Goode
Goodlatte
Granger
Graves
Gutknecht
Hall
Harris
Hart
Hastings (WA)
Hayes
Hayworth
Hefley
Hensarling
Herger
Herseth
Hobson
Hoekstra
Hostettler
Hulshof
[[Page H2871]]
Hunter
Hyde
Inglis (SC)
Issa
Istook
Jenkins
Jindal
Johnson, Sam
Keller
Kennedy (MN)
King (IA)
King (NY)
Kingston
Kline
Knollenberg
Kolbe
Kuhl (NY)
LaHood
Latham
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lucas
Lungren, Daniel E.
Mack
Manzullo
Marchant
McCaul (TX)
McCotter
McCrery
McHenry
McHugh
McKeon
McMorris
Melancon
Mica
Miller (FL)
Miller (MI)
Miller, Gary
Moran (KS)
Murphy
Myrick
Neugebauer
Ney
Northup
Norwood
Nunes
Nussle
Osborne
Otter
Oxley
Paul
Pearce
Pence
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Pickering
Pitts
Poe
Pombo
Pomeroy
Porter
Price (GA)
Pryce (OH)
Putnam
Radanovich
Regula
Rehberg
Renzi
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Ros-Lehtinen
Ross
Royce
Ryun (KS)
Schmidt
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shadegg
Sherwood
Shimkus
Shuster
Simpson
Smith (TX)
Sodrel
Souder
Stearns
Sullivan
Sweeney
Tancredo
Taylor (NC)
Terry
Thomas
Thornberry
Tiahrt
Tiberi
Turner
Walden (OR)
Wamp
Weldon (FL)
Weller
Westmoreland
Whitfield
Wicker
Wilson (SC)
Wolf
Young (AK)
NOT VOTING--12
Bishop (GA)
Blackburn
Cannon
Evans
Kennedy (RI)
Larson (CT)
Leach
Musgrave
Reynolds
Strickland
Stupak
Weldon (PA)
{time} 2142
Messrs. TIBERI, BARRETT of South Carolina, SMITH of Texas, TERRY,
Mrs. JO ANN DAVIS of Virginia and Ms. PRYCE of Ohio changed their vote
from ``aye'' to ``no.''
Mr. LaTOURETTE and Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut changed their vote
from ``no'' to ``aye.''
So the amendment was agreed to.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Putnam
The CHAIRMAN. The pending business is the demand for a recorded vote
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Putnam) on
which further proceedings were postponed and on which the ayes
prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendment.
The Clerk redesignated the amendment.
Recorded Vote
The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The CHAIRMAN. This will be a 5-minute vote.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 217,
noes 203, not voting 12, as follows:
[Roll No. 170]
AYES--217
Ackerman
Allen
Andrews
Baca
Baird
Baldwin
Barrow
Bartlett (MD)
Bass
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Biggert
Bilirakis
Bishop (NY)
Blumenauer
Boehlert
Bonner
Bono
Boswell
Boyd
Bradley (NH)
Brown (OH)
Brown, Corrine
Brown-Waite, Ginny
Butterfield
Calvert
Campbell (CA)
Cantor
Capps
Capuano
Cardin
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carson
Case
Castle
Chandler
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Conyers
Cooper
Costa
Cramer
Crenshaw
Crowley
Cummings
Davis (AL)
Davis (CA)
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (TN)
Davis, Jo Ann
Davis, Tom
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Diaz-Balart, L.
Diaz-Balart, M.
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Drake
Dreier
Ehlers
Emanuel
Engel
Eshoo
Etheridge
Farr
Fattah
Feeney
Ferguson
Filner
Fitzpatrick (PA)
Foley
Fossella
Frank (MA)
Frelinghuysen
Gallegly
Garrett (NJ)
Gilchrest
Gordon
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Harman
Harris
Hastings (FL)
Herseth
Higgins
Hinchey
Holt
Honda
Hooley
Hoyer
Inslee
Israel
Jackson (IL)
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (IL)
Jones (NC)
Jones (OH)
Kaptur
Keller
Kelly
Kennedy (MN)
Kildee
Kilpatrick (MI)
Kind
Kingston
Kirk
Kucinich
LaHood
Langevin
Lantos
Larsen (WA)
LaTourette
Lee
Levin
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
LoBiondo
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lynch
Mack
Maloney
Markey
Matheson
Matsui
McCarthy
McCollum (MN)
McCotter
McDermott
McGovern
McIntyre
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek (FL)
Michaud
Millender-McDonald
Miller (FL)
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Moore (KS)
Moore (WI)
Moran (VA)
Nadler
Napolitano
Neal (MA)
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Owens
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Payne
Pelosi
Petri
Pomeroy
Price (NC)
Putnam
Ramstad
Rangel
Reichert
Ros-Lehtinen
Rothman
Roybal-Allard
Royce
Ruppersberger
Ryan (OH)
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sanders
Saxton
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schwartz (PA)
Scott (GA)
Scott (VA)
Serrano
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Simmons
Slaughter
Smith (NJ)
Smith (WA)
Snyder
Solis
Spratt
Stark
Stearns
Tauscher
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tierney
Udall (CO)
Udall (NM)
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watson
Watt
Waxman
Weiner
Weldon (PA)
Wexler
Woolsey
Wu
Wynn
Young (FL)
NOES--203
Abercrombie
Aderholt
Akin
Alexander
Bachus
Baker
Barrett (SC)
Barton (TX)
Bean
Beauprez
Berry
Bishop (UT)
Blackburn
Blunt
Boehner
Bonilla
Boozman
Boren
Boucher
Boustany
Brady (PA)
Brady (TX)
Brown (SC)
Burgess
Burton (IN)
Buyer
Camp (MI)
Capito
Carter
Chabot
Chocola
Coble
Cole (OK)
Conaway
Costello
Cubin
Cuellar
Culberson
Davis (KY)
Deal (GA)
DeLay
Dent
Doolittle
Doyle
Duncan
Edwards
Emerson
English (PA)
Everett
Flake
Forbes
Ford
Fortenberry
Foxx
Franks (AZ)
Gerlach
Gibbons
Gillmor
Gingrey
Gohmert
Gonzalez
Goode
Goodlatte
Granger
Graves
Green (WI)
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Gutknecht
Hall
Hart
Hastings (WA)
Hayes
Hayworth
Hefley
Hensarling
Herger
Hinojosa
Hobson
Hoekstra
Holden
Hostettler
Hulshof
Hunter
Hyde
Inglis (SC)
Issa
Istook
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Jenkins
Jindal
Johnson, E. B.
Johnson, Sam
Kanjorski
King (IA)
Kline
Knollenberg
Kolbe
Kuhl (NY)
Latham
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lucas
Lungren, Daniel E.
Manzullo
Marchant
Marshall
McCaul (TX)
McCrery
McHenry
McHugh
McKeon
McMorris
Meeks (NY)
Melancon
Mica
Miller (MI)
Miller, Gary
Mollohan
Moran (KS)
Murphy
Murtha
Myrick
Neugebauer
Ney
Northup
Norwood
Nunes
Nussle
Ortiz
Osborne
Otter
Oxley
Paul
Pearce
Pence
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Pickering
Pitts
Platts
Poe
Porter
Price (GA)
Pryce (OH)
Radanovich
Rahall
Regula
Rehberg
Renzi
Reyes
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Ross
Rush
Ryan (WI)
Ryun (KS)
Sabo
Salazar
Schmidt
Schwarz (MI)
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shadegg
Sherwood
Shimkus
Shuster
Simpson
Skelton
Smith (TX)
Sodrel
Souder
Sullivan
Sweeney
Tancredo
Tanner
Taylor (MS)
Taylor (NC)
Terry
Thomas
Thornberry
Tiahrt
Tiberi
Towns
Turner
Upton
Visclosky
Walden (OR)
Walsh
Wamp
Weldon (FL)
Weller
Westmoreland
Whitfield
Wicker
Wilson (NM)
Wilson (SC)
Wolf
Young (AK)
NOT VOTING--12
Bishop (GA)
Cannon
Evans
Kennedy (RI)
King (NY)
Larson (CT)
Leach
Musgrave
Pombo
Reynolds
Strickland
Stupak
{time} 2150
Mr. SCHWARZ of Michigan changed his vote from ``aye'' to ``no.''
So the amendment was agreed to.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Hefley
The CHAIRMAN. The pending business is the demand for a recorded vote
on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Hefley) on
which further proceedings were postponed and on which the noes
prevailed by voice vote.
The Clerk will redesignate the amendment.
The Clerk redesignated the amendment.
Recorded Vote
The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has been demanded.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The CHAIRMAN. This will be a 5-minute vote.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 109,
noes 312, not voting 11, as follows:
[Roll No. 171]
AYES--109
Akin
Alexander
Baker
Barrett (SC)
Bartlett (MD)
Barton (TX)
Bass
Bean
Beauprez
Bilirakis
Blackburn
Brady (TX)
Brown (SC)
Brown-Waite, Ginny
Burton (IN)
Campbell (CA)
Chabot
Chocola
Coble
Cooper
Cubin
Davis (KY)
Davis, Jo Ann
Davis, Tom
Deal (GA)
Diaz-Balart, M.
Duncan
Everett
Farr
Feeney
Flake
Fossella
Foxx
Franks (AZ)
Garrett (NJ)
Gibbons
Gohmert
Goodlatte
Graves
Green (WI)
Gutknecht
Hall
Harris
Hart
Hayworth
Hefley
Hensarling
[[Page H2872]]
Herger
Hoekstra
Hostettler
Hunter
Inglis (SC)
Issa
Jenkins
Jindal
Johnson, Sam
Jones (NC)
Keller
Kennedy (MN)
King (IA)
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lungren, Daniel E.
Mack
Manzullo
Marchant
McCotter
McHenry
Mica
Miller (FL)
Miller, Gary
Moran (KS)
Myrick
Neugebauer
Norwood
Otter
Oxley
Paul
Pence
Petri
Pitts
Poe
Price (GA)
Radanovich
Rogers (MI)
Rohrabacher
Royce
Ryan (WI)
Ryun (KS)
Schmidt
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shadegg
Shimkus
Shuster
Stearns
Sullivan
Tancredo
Tanner
Taylor (MS)
Terry
Thornberry
Tiahrt
Tiberi
Westmoreland
Wilson (SC)
Wolf
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
NOES--312
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Aderholt
Allen
Andrews
Baca
Bachus
Baird
Baldwin
Barrow
Becerra
Berkley
Berman
Berry
Biggert
Bishop (NY)
Bishop (UT)
Blumenauer
Blunt
Boehlert
Boehner
Bonilla
Bonner
Bono
Boozman
Boren
Boswell
Boucher
Boustany
Boyd
Bradley (NH)
Brady (PA)
Brown (OH)
Brown, Corrine
Burgess
Butterfield
Buyer
Calvert
Camp (MI)
Cantor
Capito
Capps
Capuano
Cardin
Cardoza
Carnahan
Carson
Carter
Case
Castle
Chandler
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Cole (OK)
Conaway
Conyers
Costa
Costello
Cramer
Crenshaw
Crowley
Cuellar
Culberson
Cummings
Davis (AL)
Davis (CA)
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (TN)
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
DeLay
Dent
Diaz-Balart, L.
Dicks
Dingell
Doggett
Doolittle
Doyle
Drake
Dreier
Edwards
Ehlers
Emanuel
Emerson
Engel
English (PA)
Eshoo
Etheridge
Fattah
Ferguson
Filner
Fitzpatrick (PA)
Foley
Forbes
Ford
Fortenberry
Frank (MA)
Frelinghuysen
Gallegly
Gerlach
Gilchrest
Gillmor
Gingrey
Gonzalez
Goode
Gordon
Granger
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Grijalva
Gutierrez
Harman
Hastings (FL)
Hastings (WA)
Hayes
Herseth
Higgins
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Hobson
Holden
Holt
Honda
Hooley
Hoyer
Hulshof
Hyde
Inslee
Israel
Istook
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (IL)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones (OH)
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kelly
Kildee
Kilpatrick (MI)
Kind
Kingston
Kirk
Kline
Knollenberg
Kolbe
Kucinich
Kuhl (NY)
LaHood
Langevin
Lantos
Larsen (WA)
Latham
LaTourette
Lee
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
LoBiondo
Lofgren, Zoe
Lowey
Lucas
Lynch
Maloney
Markey
Marshall
Matheson
Matsui
McCarthy
McCaul (TX)
McCollum (MN)
McCrery
McDermott
McGovern
McHugh
McIntyre
McKeon
McKinney
McMorris
McNulty
Meehan
Meek (FL)
Meeks (NY)
Melancon
Michaud
Millender-McDonald
Miller (MI)
Miller (NC)
Miller, George
Mollohan
Moore (KS)
Moore (WI)
Moran (VA)
Murphy
Murtha
Nadler
Napolitano
Neal (MA)
Ney
Northup
Nunes
Nussle
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Ortiz
Osborne
Owens
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Payne
Pearce
Pelosi
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Pickering
Platts
Pombo
Pomeroy
Porter
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Putnam
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Regula
Rehberg
Reichert
Renzi
Reyes
Rogers (AL)
Rogers (KY)
Ros-Lehtinen
Ross
Rothman
Roybal-Allard
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Sabo
Salazar
Sanchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sanders
Saxton
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schwartz (PA)
Schwarz (MI)
Scott (GA)
Scott (VA)
Serrano
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Sherwood
Simmons
Simpson
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (NJ)
Smith (TX)
Smith (WA)
Snyder
Sodrel
Solis
Souder
Spratt
Stark
Sweeney
Tauscher
Taylor (NC)
Thomas
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Tierney
Towns
Turner
Udall (CO)
Udall (NM)
Upton
Van Hollen
Velazquez
Visclosky
Walden (OR)
Walsh
Wamp
Wasserman Schultz
Waters
Watson
Watt
Waxman
Weiner
Weldon (FL)
Weldon (PA)
Weller
Wexler
Whitfield
Wicker
Wilson (NM)
Woolsey
Wu
Wynn
NOT VOTING--11
Bishop (GA)
Cannon
Evans
Kennedy (RI)
King (NY)
Larson (CT)
Leach
Musgrave
Reynolds
Strickland
Stupak
{time} 2157
So the amendment was rejected.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
____________________