[Congressional Record Volume 151, Number 129 (Thursday, October 6, 2005)]
[Senate]
[Pages S11237-S11239]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                         SUBMITTED RESOLUTIONS

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   SENATE RESOLUTION 268--EXPRESSING THE SENSE OF THE SENATE THAT A 
COMMEMORATIVE POSTAGE STAMP SHOULD BE ISSUED TO HONOR SCULPTOR KORCZAK 
                               ZIOLKOWSKI

  Mr. JOHNSON (for himelf, Mr. Thune, and Mr. Levin) submitted the 
following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Homeland 
Security and Governmental Affairs:

                              S. Res. 268

       Whereas Korczak Ziolkowski was born in Boston, 
     Massachusetts on September 6, 1908, the 31st anniversary of 
     the death of Lakota leader Crazy Horse;
       Whereas, although never trained in art or sculpture, 
     Korczak Ziolkowski began a successful studio career in New 
     England as a commissioned sculptor at age 24;
       Whereas Korczak Ziolkowski's marble sculpture of composer 
     and Polish leader Ignace Jan Paderewski won first prize at 
     the 1939 New York World's Fair and prompted Lakota Indian 
     Chiefs to invite Ziolkowski to carve a memorial for Native 
     Americans;
       Whereas in his invitation letter to Korczak Ziolkowski, 
     Chief Henry Standing Bear wrote: ``My fellow chiefs and I 
     would like the white man to know that the red man has great 
     heroes, also.'';
       Whereas in 1939, Korczak Ziolkowski assisted Gutzon Borglum 
     for a brief time in carving Mount Rushmore;

[[Page S11238]]

       Whereas in 1941, Korczak Ziolkowski met with Chief Henry 
     Standing Bear who taught Korczak more about the life of the 
     brave Lakota leader Crazy Horse;
       Whereas at the age of 34, Korczak Ziolkowski temporarily 
     put his sculpturing career aside when he volunteered for 
     service in World War II, later landing on Omaha Beach;
       Whereas after the war, Korczak Ziolkowski turned down other 
     sculpting opportunities in order to accept the invitation of 
     Chief Henry Standing Bear and dedicate the rest of his life 
     to carving the Crazy Horse Memorial in the Black Hills of 
     South Dakota;
       Whereas on June 3, 1948, when work was begun on the Crazy 
     Horse Memorial, Korczak Ziolkowski vowed that the memorial 
     would be a nonprofit educational and cultural project, 
     financed solely through private, nongovernmental sources, to 
     honor the Native Americans of North America;
       Whereas the Crazy Horse Memorial is a mountain carving-in-
     progress, and once completed it will be the largest sculpture 
     in the world;
       Whereas since his death on October 20, 1982, Korczak's wife 
     Ruth, the Ziolkowski family, and the Crazy Horse Memorial 
     Foundation have continued to work on the Memorial and to 
     continue the dream of Korczak Ziolkowski and Chief Henry 
     Standing Bear; and
       Whereas on June 3, 1998, the Memorial entered its second 
     half century of progress and heralded a new era of work on 
     the mountain with the completion and dedication of the face 
     of Crazy Horse: Now, therefore, be it
       Resolved, That--
       (1) the Senate recognizes--
       (A) the admirable efforts of the late Korczak Ziolkowski in 
     designing and creating the Crazy Horse Memorial;
       (B) that the Crazy Horse Memorial represents all North 
     American Indian tribes, and the noble goal of reconciliation 
     between peoples; and
       (C) that the creation of the Crazy Horse Memorial, from its 
     inception, has been accomplished through private sources and 
     without any Federal funding; and
       (2) it is the sense of the Senate that the Citizens' Stamp 
     Advisory Committee should recommend to the Postmaster General 
     that a commemorative postage stamp be issued in honor of 
     sculptor Korczak Ziolkowski and the Crazy Horse Memorial, 
     commemorating his 100th birthday.
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   SENATE RESOLUTION 269--EXPRESSING THE SENSE OF THE SENATE THAT A 
      ``WELCOME HOME VIETNAM VETERANS DAY'' SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED

  Mrs. BOXER submitted the following resolution; which was referred to 
the Committee on Veterans' Affairs:

                              S. Res. 269

       Whereas the Vietnam War took place in Vietnam from 1961 to 
     1975 in which North Vietnam and the Viet Cong were in 
     conflict with the United States and South Vietnam;
       Whereas the United States became involved in Vietnam 
     because policy makers in the United States believed that if 
     South Vietnam fell to a communist government then communism 
     would spread throughout the rest of Southeast Asia;
       Whereas members of the United States Armed Forces began 
     serving in an advisory role to the people of South Vietnam in 
     1961;
       Whereas, as a result of the Gulf of Tonkin incidents on 
     August 2, 1964 and August 4, 1964, Congress overwhelmingly 
     passed the Joint Resolution entitled ``Joint Resolution to 
     promote the maintenance of international peace and security 
     in southeast Asia'', approved August 10, 1964 (Public Law 88-
     408; 78 Stat. 384), which effectively granted war-making 
     powers to President Johnson until such time as ``peace and 
     security'' had returned to Vietnam;
       Whereas, in 1965, ground combat units of the United States 
     Armed Forces arrived in Vietnam;
       Whereas, by the end of 1965, there were 80,000 troops of 
     the United States Armed Forces in Vietnam, and by 1969 the 
     number of troops reached a peak of approximately 543,000;
       Whereas, on January 27, 1973, the Paris Peace Accords were 
     signed, which required the release of all United States 
     prisoners-of-war held in North Vietnam and the withdrawal of 
     all members of the United States Armed Forces from South 
     Vietnam;
       Whereas, on March 30, 1973, the United States Armed Forces 
     completed the withdrawal of combat troops from Vietnam;
       Whereas more than 58,000 members of the United States Armed 
     Forces lost their lives in Vietnam and more than 300,000 
     members of the United States Armed Forces were wounded;
       Whereas, in 1982, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial was 
     dedicated in the District of Columbia to commemorate those 
     members of the United States Armed Forces who died or were 
     declared missing-in-action in Vietnam;
       Whereas, as of 2005, more than 1,800 members of the United 
     States Armed Forces remain unaccounted for in Vietnam and 
     Southeast Asia and the Department of Defense continues 
     efforts to recover these members;
       Whereas the Vietnam War was an extremely divisive issue 
     among the people of the United States;
       Whereas members of the United States Armed Forces who 
     served bravely and faithfully for the United States during 
     the Vietnam War were caught, upon their return home, in the 
     middle of public debate about the involvement of the United 
     States in the Vietnam War;
       Whereas the Department of Veterans Affairs estimates that 
     250,000 veterans are homeless every night and that 47 percent 
     of all homeless veterans served during the Vietnam era;
       Whereas veterans of the Vietnam War continue to be at risk 
     for post-traumatic stress disorder and health problems 
     related to Agent Orange exposure;
       Whereas veterans of the Vietnam War, and all veterans, are 
     entitled to the best care and treatment the Government of the 
     United States can provide;
       Whereas the establishment of a ``Welcome Home Vietnam 
     Veterans Day'' would be an appropriate way to honor those 
     members of the United States Armed Forces who served in 
     Vietnam during the Vietnam War; and
       Whereas March 30, 2006 would be an appropriate day to 
     establish as ``Welcome Home Vietnam Veterans Day'': Now, 
     therefore, be it
       Resolved, That it is the sense of the Senate that a 
     ``Welcome Home Vietnam Veterans Day'' should be established 
     to honor those members of the United States Armed Forces who 
     served in Vietnam.

  Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, I am pleased to submit a resolution today 
expressing the sense of the Senate that a ``Welcome Home Vietnam 
Veterans Day'' should be established. I join Representative Linda 
Sanchez in this effort and applaud her for previously submitting this 
resolution in the House of Representatives. Establishing this day would 
be an appropriate way to honor members of the United States Armed 
Forces who bravely and faithfully served during the Vietnam War.
  During the course of the Vietnam War, over 58,000 U.S. troops lost 
their lives. In addition, more than 300,000 were wounded. To date, more 
than 1,800 members of the United States Armed Forces remain unaccounted 
for in Vietnam and Southeast Asia.
  Those who did return home from Vietnam did not have the traditional 
welcome home ceremonies. And they continue to face many problems, 
including health problems related to Agent Orange exposure, prolonged 
risk for post-traumatic stress disorder, and homelessness. Of the 
250,000 veterans who are homeless every night, the Department of 
Veterans Affairs estimates that 47 percent of them served during the 
Vietnam era.
  Veterans of the Vietnam War, and all veterans, are entitled to the 
best care and treatment the U.S. Government can provide. It is 
important that we honor and respect their service. It is especially 
important to do so now, at a time when we have so many new veterans 
returning home from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
  By honoring those who have served before, we show these new veterans 
how committed we, as a country, are to them and how much we value the 
sacrifices they make on our behalf. Establishing a ``Welcome Home 
Vietnam Veterans Day'' is one way we can accomplish this. I urge my 
colleagues to support this resolution.
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  SENATE RESOLUTION 270--EXPRESSING THE SENSE OF THE SENATE THAT THE 
    INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND SHOULD INVESTIGATE WHETHER CHINA IS 
  MANIPULATING THE RATE OF EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE CHINESE YUAN AND THE 
                          UNITED STATES DOLLAR

  Mr. BAYH (for himself, Ms. Stabenow, and Mr. Schumer) submitted the 
following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign 
Relations:

                              S. Res. 270

       Whereas the global current account deficit of the United 
     States has already reached almost $800,000,000,000 and is 
     growing rapidly;
       Whereas the global current account surplus of the People's 
     Republic of China is likely to reach $150,000,000,000 and is 
     also growing very rapidly;
       Whereas China has intervened massively in the exchange 
     markets to artificially block appreciation of China's 
     currency;
       Whereas China has been increasing its competitiveness by 
     riding the dollar down against other currencies, therefore 
     achieving a trade-weighted depreciation of about 10 percent 
     over the past 3 years;
       Whereas it is the responsibility of the International 
     Monetary Fund to take the lead in promoting correction of 
     such huge, costly, and potentially destabilizing imbalances 
     in the world economy;
       Whereas the International Monetary Fund's Articles of 
     Agreement enjoin member countries to ``avoid manipulating 
     exchange rates or the international monetary system

[[Page S11239]]

     in order to prevent effective balance-of-payments adjustments 
     or to gain unfair competitive advantage over other member 
     countries'';
       Whereas the International Monetary Fund has identified 
     ``protracted, large-scale interventions in one direction in 
     the exchange markets'' as indicating a need for International 
     Monetary Fund discussion with the offending country; and
       Whereas the People's Republic of China has engaged in such 
     manipulation and intervention: Now, therefore, be it
       Resolved, That it is the sense of the Senate that the 
     President should instruct the United States Executive 
     Director to the International Monetary Fund to bring a 
     general complaint under the International Monetary Fund's 
     Articles of Agreement against the People's Republic of China 
     for not complying with Article IV of the Articles of 
     Agreement and manipulating the rate of exchange of its 
     currency against other currencies to gain an unfair trade 
     advantage and to prevent effective balance of payment 
     adjustments.
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   SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 57--RECOGNIZING THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF 
 AFRICAN-AMERICAN BASKETBALL TEAMS AND PLAYERS FOR THEIR ACHIEVEMENTS, 
DEDICATION, AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SPORT OF BASKETBALL AND THE NATION

  Ms. STABENOW (for herself and Mr. Levin) submitted the following 
concurrent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation:

                            S. Con. Res. 57

       Whereas, even though African-Americans were excluded from 
     playing in organized White-only leagues, the desire of 
     African-Americans to play basketball could not be repressed;
       Whereas, unlike baseball, which had Negro leagues, 
     basketball had no organized Black leagues, thus forcing 
     Blacks to take to the road out of necessity;
       Whereas among the most well-known black barnstorming teams 
     that found their beginnings in the 1920s were the New York 
     Renaissance (or Rens), the Harlem Globetrotters, the New York 
     Enforcers, the Harlem Clowns, the Harlem Road Kings, the 
     Harlem Stars, the Harlem Ambassadors, and the Philadelphia 
     Tribunes;
       Whereas, despite the racism they faced, Negro basketball 
     teams overcame great obstacles to play the game before Black 
     players were allowed to play in the National Basketball 
     Association in the early 1950s;
       Whereas the New York Rens became one of the first great 
     basketball dynasties in the history of the game, compiling a 
     2,588-539 record in its 27-year existence, winning 88 
     straight games in the 1932-33 season, and winning the 1939 
     World Professional Championship;
       Whereas the Harlem Globetrotters proved that they were 
     capable of beating professional teams like the World Champion 
     Minneapolis Lakers led by basketball great George Mikan in 
     1948;
       Whereas the barnstorming African-American basketball teams 
     included exceptionally talented players and shaped modern-day 
     basketball by introducing a new style of play predicated on 
     speed, short crisp passing techniques, and vigorous defensive 
     play;
       Whereas among the pioneers who played on Black barnstorming 
     teams included players such as Tarzan Cooper, Pop Gates, John 
     Isaacs, Willie Smith, Sweetwater Clifton, Ermer Robinson, Bob 
     Douglas, Pappy Ricks, Runt Pullins, Goose Tatum, Marques 
     Haynes, Bobby Hall, Babe Pressley, Bernie Price, Ted Strong, 
     Inman Jackson, Duke Cumberland, Fat Jenkins, Eddie Younger, 
     Lou Badger, Zachary Clayton, Jim Usry, Sonny Boswell, and 
     Puggy Bell;
       Whereas the struggles of these players and others paved the 
     way for current African-American professional players, who 
     are playing in the National Basketball Association today;
       Whereas the style of Black basketball was more conducive to 
     a wide open, fast-paced, spectator sport;
       Whereas, by achieving success on the basketball court, 
     African-American basketball players helped break down the 
     color barrier and integrate African-Americans into all 
     aspects of society in the United States;
       Whereas, during the era of sexism and gender barriers, 
     barnstorming African-American basketball was not limited to 
     men's teams, but included women's teams as well, such as the 
     Chicago Romas and the Philadelphia Tribunes;
       Whereas only in recent years has the history of African-
     Americans in team sports begun receiving the recognition it 
     deserves;
       Whereas basketball is a uniquely modern and uniquely 
     American sport;
       Whereas the Black Legends of Professional Basketball 
     Foundation, established by former Harlem Globetrotter Dr. 
     John Kline of Detroit, Michigan, honors and highlights the 
     significant contributions of these pioneers and their impact 
     on professional basketball today; and
       Whereas the hard work and efforts of the foundation have 
     been instrumental in bringing African-American inductees into 
     the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in Springfield, 
     Massachusetts: Now therefore, be it
       Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives 
     concurring), That
       (1) Congress recognizes the teams and players of the 
     barnstorming African-American basketball teams for their 
     achievement, dedication, sacrifices, and contribution to 
     basketball and to the Nation prior to the integration of the 
     White professional leagues;
       (2) current National Basketball Association players should 
     pay a debt of gratitude to these great pioneers of the game 
     of basketball and recognize them at every possible 
     opportunity; and
       (3) a copy of this resolution be transmitted to the Black 
     Legends of Professional Basketball Foundation, which has 
     recognized and commemorated the achievements of African-
     American basketball teams, the National Basketball 
     Association, and the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame.

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