[Congressional Record Volume 151, Number 105 (Thursday, July 28, 2005)]
[Senate]
[Pages S9246-S9249]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, within several minutes, we will start 20
minutes of debate on CAFTA, equally divided. We will have a rollcall
vote. We will go to energy after that. We will complete debate on
energy tonight. We will not have a further rollcall vote tonight after
the CAFTA vote.
We will begin--and we will announce the time a little bit later as to
the two votes on energy tomorrow, one on the point of order and one on
the bill. Following that, we will be going to the amendments that have
been outlined with the time agreements on guns. The highway bill we
will expect at some point. I don't know when the House will finish with
that, but we will deal appropriately with that after it arrives. Since
energy arrived, we are going to energy first. That is the general
outline. We have the unanimous consent agreements. I would recommend
very soon we go to the CAFTA bill.
Mr. REID. Will the leader yield?
Mr. FRIST. Yes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Democratic leader.
Mr. REID. Mr. President, I would ask the distinguished majority
leader: We are going to finish the debate on energy tonight?
Mr. FRIST. Right.
Order Of Procedure
Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Democratic
time be allocated as follows: Senator Schumer, 10 minutes; Senator
Kerry, 30 minutes; Senator Wyden, 15 minutes; Senator Bingaman, 20
minutes; and whatever time is left over will be allocated to Senator
Bingaman.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection?
Hearing none, it is so ordered.
Mr. CRAIG. Mr. President, will the leader yield for a question?
Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I will be happy to yield.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Idaho.
Mr. CRAIG. Mr. President, I thank my leader for yielding.
So the two votes required on the energy conference report will occur
after the leader's time tomorrow morning in morning business.
Approximately at what time would those votes occur?
Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, through the Chair, in response, let me work
out with the Democratic leader what time those votes will be.
Mr. CRAIG. Mr. President, I am assuming, then, immediately following
those votes, we would be back on the gun liability bill, to complete
the work under the UC of that legislation?
Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, or we could even be before. We could
actually come on those amendments before as well.
Mr. CRAIG. So that is yet to be determined?
Mr. FRIST. That is correct. We will determine that before we close
down tonight.
Mr. CRAIG. I thank the leader.
Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, today I rise on behalf of my
constituents to oppose the Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act.
It should be called the Special Interest Protection Act because it puts
one industry's bottomline ahead of the families and victims of gun
violence. It also slams closed the courthouse door to those seeking
justice for victims of gun violence.
Remember when--not to long ago--the citizens of Maryland, Virginia
and the District of Columbia were terrorized by a sniper. Remember when
10 innocent people were killed while they were going about their daily
routines, mowing the lawn or getting gas, shopping, and getting ready
to drive a bus. Their families have experienced tremendous loss and the
Nation mourned with them.
Now, Congress is considering legislation that inflict further pain on
families like those of the sniper victims. This legislation will
literally slam the courthouse door on the families of gun violence
victims and on all Americans who believe they were harmed by negligent
actions related to guns. It gives gun dealers and manufacturers a free
pass. And it will prevent families and survivors from holding
irresponsible gun stores accountable, if they are negligent. It
actually would prohibit families from going to court, from letting a
jury of their peers decide if the gun store or manufacturer was
negligent.
If this legislation passes you could still go to court over a toy gun
but not a real gun. That is wrong.
Let me tell you about one of these families who have been victimized
by gun violence. Conrad Johnson was the sniper's last victim. Do you
remember hearing the news that he was shot at a bus stop in Montgomery
County? Killed by the sniper getting ready for his route.
He was beloved by his family, friends and community. Two thousand
people attended his funeral.
He worked hard as a bus driver. He drove 35 miles before dawn every
day for work. He was known for his friendly smile and can-do attitude.
And he loved his family--his Jamaican immigrant parents, his wife
Denise--his high school sweetheart, his two sons and his big extended
family. Over 30 members gathered at the hospital after he was shot. He
was full of life. He was always finding ways to take care of his family
and help his community. He was a volunteer coach for the boys and girls
clubs of Fort Washington. He loved being a DJ for functions thrown by
family and friends, and he was always washing the family car on the
weekends.
Conrad Johnson was the snipers last victim. Conrad's family is one of
many
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Maryland families still grieving because of the snipers' reign of
terror. Five Maryland families lost loved ones in the sniper's first 24
hours.
Today, I stand here for the rights of families like those of the
sniper victims to have their day in court, the rights of families like
James Martin's. James was shot when he stopped to buy groceries for his
church program. Or James ``Sonny'' Buchanan's family. Sonny, a
landscape architect, who was engaged to be married, was shot with one
bullet as he worked early one morning. Or the wife, son, and daughter
of Premkumar Walekar. He was a taxicab driver, shot that same morning
as he went about his normal fill up routine at a local gas station on
Aspen Hill Road. Or the husband and 7 year old son of Sarah Ramos, who
was shot just 25 minutes later, as she sat on a bench waiting for a
ride to her babysitting job. And the family of Lori Ann Lewis Ramos,
shot just a short time later, as she stopped at a gas station to clean
her car.
Today, I also stand here to protect all the victims who were and are
severely injured by gun violence. They also deserve their day in court.
There is the young boy who was a victim of the DC area sniper--Iran
Brown, who was shot in the chest as he was dropped off at Benjamin
Tasker Middle School in Bowie, Iran spent over a month in intensive
care because of the gunshot to his chest or Rupinder ``Benny'' Oberoi,
a young man who was shot in the back as he closed the store he worked
at for the night. Benny needed 26 staples in his chest and extensive
surgery to repair the damage caused by the bullet that pierced his
back.
These families have been through so much. They can never recover that
tremendous loss. We owe it to them to make sure families all over
American who are like them can have their day in court.
That is why we need to oppose this legislation today.
Now, there has been a lot of talk about language was added to S. 397
to protect this case or that case. The U.S. Congress should not be in
the business of deciding which negligence actions should be allowed
into a court. That is up to the courts to decide. That is what our
civil justice system is all about. It gives these families the right to
offer evidence to prove the gun shop was negligent.
We need to reject this legislation and protect that right.
We need to ensure that the families of victims and the victims
themselves, who have faced such unprecedented tragedy, are not
victimized again by having the courthouse doors slammed on them.
We stood with law enforcement during the dark and dangerous days of
the snipe; now today they stand with us. People feared for their lives.
Thanks to the FBI, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, and local
law enforcement they found the snipers. Thanks to brilliant forensic
work they traced the weapon. This legislation makes a mockery of
everything law enforcement tried to do.
If this legislation passes, irresponsible dealers get off scot-free
and victims of gun violence are left without the protection of our
justice system. I believe families of victims of gun violence deserve
their day in court, like the sniper victims' families had--like Conrad
Johnson's family, and Sarah Ramos' family, and all the families.
They may not win their case, but they have the right to make their
case. The courts should decide based on the facts and the evidence.
Let me be clear, I do not believe Congress should stand in the way by
offering special protection, by offering blanket protections for the
negligent actions of the gun dealers, sellers and manufacturers. It is
my duty to my constituents to fight with them and to fight against
passage of this bill. It would be irresponsible for the Congress not to
allow these victims of terror to seek redress in the courts. Gun
violence terrorizes our citizens and we owe them nothing less.
Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, I rise to express my support of S. 397,
the Protection of Lawful Commerce Act introduced my colleague Senator
Craig of Idaho.
The number of frivolous lawsuits against gun manufacturers has
significantly increased in recent years. Since 1998, dozens of
municipalities and cities have filed suit against America's firearm
industry, falsely alleging that manufacturers are responsible for the
unforeseen acts of criminals. Firearms manufacturers have already spent
more than $200 million in legal fees yet have not been found liable by
a single court for the criminal misuse of their highly regulated
products. Unfortunately, these lawsuits appear to be designed to impose
a political agenda that 33 State legislatures have already rejected.
Lawsuits against manufacturers who have nothing to do with the crime at
hand thwart the will of the people by bypassing their elected
representatives and attempting to impose novel legal theories by
judicial fiat. Worse, these suits--even while unsuccessful--drain
significant resources from these companies that are the backbone of
supplying our military and police officers with the weapons to protect
themselves on the job. We cannot allow this trend to continue.
S. 397 is a narrowly crafted bill that stops the lawsuit abuse, while
continuing to hold those individuals and companies that knowingly
violate the law liable for their actions. Specifically, the bill
provides that lawsuits may not be brought against manufacturers and
sellers of firearms or ammunition if the suits are based on criminal or
unlawful use of the product by a third party. This bill provides
carefully tailored protections that continue to allow legitimate suits
based on knowing violations of Federal or State law related to gun
sales, or on traditional grounds including negligent entrustment, such
as sales to a child or an obviously intoxicated person or breach of
contract. The bill also allows product liability cases involving actual
injuries caused by an improperly functioning firearm, as opposed to
cases of intentional misuse.
Many of my constituents have raised concerns about frivolous lawsuits
in the gun industry. Pennsylvania leads the Nation in the number of
licensed deer hunters and ranks among the leaders in firearm hunters.
There are nearly three million hunting licenses sold in Pennsylvania
each year. Over one million hunters go out in the field each fall.
These suits, by threatening the survival of firearms makers, threaten
to end that outdoor tradition and the family time that often
accompanies it.
The hard-working men and women in Pennsylvania who make up our labor
unions also support S. 397. This should be no surprise, however, as
working men and women recognize a threat to their jobs and their way of
life when they see one. The numbers are telling. Pennsylvania has 227
companies involved in firearms manufacture. There are over 3,000
federally licensed firearms dealers. According to the National Shooting
Sports Foundation, there are approximately 34,000 jobs and $909 million
in salaries and wages supported by those businesses and sportsmen in
Pennsylvania. Additionally, these Pennsylvania sportsmen spend about $2
billion in the State, generating approximately $119 million in
Pennsylvania State tax revenue.
Many families' lives are negatively impacted by these reckless
lawsuits. While many of the personal tragedies behind these lawsuits
are horrific, the individual responsible is--as it has always been in
our system of justice--the criminal not the lawfully operating company.
If a lawsuit is based on a defective firearm, a knowing violation of
the law or the breach of a contract, that suit should proceed--and S.
397 would allow it to proceed. However, the frivolous suits with novel
legal theories and invented liability have already cost jobs, including
here in Pennsylvania, and they will cost more jobs if they continue.
They will force company closures and they will close family businesses.
Suing law-abiding gun makers and dealers for the acts of criminals is
like suing automobile makers for the damage caused by reckless drivers.
It is wrong and goes against the entrepreneurial and industrial spirit
of this country.
I agree there is a need to reduce violent crime, and I share the
concerns of gun control advocates with the number and severity of
violent acts occurring within our Nation. During a June 13th field
hearing of the Senate Judiciary Committee in Philadelphia, we learned
about the many factors that contribute to the problem of youth violence
including poverty, broken families, a
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lack of mentors, and loose enforcement of current gun laws. I believe
it is necessary to focus on the root causes of these problems rather
than develop a policy that appears helpful on the surface. I have
worked and continue to work on the issues of poverty, broken families
and mentoring, however I believe that greater enforcement of existing
gun laws is a key part of the solution to eradicating gun violence.
The program ``Project Exile'' is an example of how stricter
enforcement of current laws can make a difference. For this reason, I
have been involved in implementing Project Exile in Philadelphia. This
program began in Richmond, VA, and has proven to be extremely
successful in reducing gun crime by simply enforcing existing Federal
gun laws. The program adopts a zero-tolerance policy for Federal gun
crimes. Federal, State and local law enforcement and prosecutors work
hand-in-hand to expedite prosecution of each and every Federal firearms
violation under Project Exile. Thanks to Project Safe Neighborhoods and
Project Exile, Federal prosecutions of firearms offenses have gone up
91 percent since 2000. Nationally, those prosecutions have jumped 76
percent in the same time period. That means that more criminals are
serving hard time for breaking Federal gun laws. More criminals off the
street means our citizens are safer. That is a much more effective way
to fight crime than punishing innocent manufacturers through frivolous
lawsuits.
I encourage my colleagues to support S. 397. Doing so will help an
industry that is being unfairly targeted for violent crimes, and allow
us to continue to focus on the real causes of violent crimes.
Mr. OBAMA. Mr. President, I rise today to speak about S. 397, the
protection of lawful commerce in arms bill, also known as the gun
liability immunity bill. Regardless of whether you support this bill or
oppose this bill, I can certainly understand that the issue of gun
liability is an important one.
But let me ask my colleagues: Is this really more important than all
the other important issues before the Senate right now? With only a few
days left before the August recess, is giving liability protection to
gun manufacturers really more important than passing the Department of
Defense authorization bill during a time of war? Even this bill's most
vocal supporters could not make this argument with a straight face.
As I travel around my State of Illinois talking to constituents, I
hear many concerns from them. They tell me about the lack of affordable
health care, the quality of our Nation's schools, the rising cost of
gasoline, and the war in Iraq. Parents worry about how the budget
deficit will affect their children's future. Veterans complain about
the long delays in applying for and receiving disability benefits and
about the amount of those benefits.
My constituents have no shortage of suggestions and ideas for what
Congress should be doing, but I can honestly say that none of them are
saying, ``Senator, please go back to Washington and make sure that gun
companies aren't being sued by victims of gun violence.'' I haven't
heard that one yet.
And that is why I have chosen to speak on the floor today to--
highlight the misplaced priorities of the Senate's leadership. Even
though we have 139,000 troops fighting for our freedom in Iraq and a
$440 billion Defense bill that could help these troops, we are here
debating gun liability instead of talking about how to strengthen our
national defense.
That is regrettable, and that is one of the reasons why so many
Americans are disillusioned with their Government. Because we are not
focusing on the problems that truly matter to them. Because some are
more interested in scoring political points, or catering to a special
interest.
I believe--as do my Democratic colleagues--that the first priority of
the Senate should be to provide for our men and women who are in harm's
way. And that means spending the necessary time to debate the Defense
bill. If that takes us the rest of the week--or even next week--then
that is what we should do.
How can we go home to our constituents in August and tell them that
we left Washington, DC without finishing a bill to help our military
because we spent too much time protecting gun manufacturers? That is
shameful.
I have talked to my colleagues on both sides of the aisle, and many
of them were planning to offer good, commonsense, bipartisan amendments
to the DOD bill--amendments that would have helped our military and
strengthened our national defense. I also have filed several amendments
that I would have offered, and I believe that many of my colleagues
would have supported them as well.
One of my amendments would have protected members of the National
Guard and Reserve against employment discrimination. This amendment is
supported by the Reserve Officers Association and is cosponsored by
Senator Salazar.
I have heard that there have been instances where prospective
employers are reluctant to hire guard and reservists because of fears
that these employees could be called up for extended tours of duty.
These citizen-soldiers are getting through initial stages of interviews
only to be summarily dropped from the process upon disclosing the fact
that they are members of the Guard and Reserve.
My amendment would have gotten to the heart of this problem by
preventing employers from forcing members of the Guard and Reserve to
disclose their military service during the interview process. However,
my amendment would not have prohibited them from disclosing their
military status if they thought it would be beneficial during an
interview process.
But instead of helping members of the Guard and Reserve, we are
talking about gun manufacturer liability. That is wrong.
Another amendment I would have offered relates to the medical records
of our servicemembers.
For years, the Department of Defense and the Department of Veterans
Affairs have attempted to modernize their medical records to create a
two-way exchange of patient health data to better care for our Nation's
service members. This would decrease costs and improve the flow of
information when active members of the military leave the DOD system
and move to the VA system. Greater use of technology would also reduce
medical errors, which kill up to 98,000 people a year.
Unfortunately, the DOD has not managed to create a fully functional
electronic medical records system. Last year, a GAO report found that
one of the primary reasons for the delay in developing this system is
the lack of congressional oversight.
My amendment would have helped provide some of that oversight. I
wanted to get some answers from DOD on why this project is being
delayed and how the Department is proceeding with this important
project.
But debate over these amendments, and many others, is being silenced
in favor of the one we are having now--about helping gun manufacturers.
This is why the American people are tired of what goes on in this
town. Because there are real issues they sent us here to debate--real
problems they expect us to solve. But even when we have a chance to do
this--even when we have a defense bill where we could add amendments
that could help our troops and care for our veterans--the Senate passes
on that chance and heads directly into another fight singed with more
politics and more ideology.
We can do better than that. We owe ourselves better--and we certainly
owe the American people better.
I ask unanimous consent that an article from Army Times, criticizing
the Senate leadership's decision to stop consideration of the DOD bill,
be included in the Record.
There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in
the Record, as follows:
[From the Army Times, July 26, 2005]
Senate Delays Action on Defense Bill
(By Rick Maze)
Senate Republican leaders decided Tuesday that a gun
manufacturers' liability bill is more important than next
year's $441.6 billion defense authorization bill.
With Democrats expressing amazement that there could be any
higher legislative priority in a time of war than the annual
defense bill that includes money for pay and benefits,
operations and maintenance, and weapons' purchases and
research, Sen. Bill Frist of Tennessee, the Senate Republican
leader, decided Tuesday that a bill protecting gun
manufacturers from lawsuits
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over the illegal use of firearms was a higher priority.
The decision came after Republican leaders failed to muster
the 60 votes needed to prevent amendments not strictly
related to the defense budget from being offered to the
defense bill.
In a count of 50-48, seven Republicans joined Democrats in
voting not to restrict debate, a move that Democratic leaders
said would have prevented consideration of amendments to help
veterans and survivors of deceased service members, along
with other issues.
With Congress planning to leave town Friday for one-month
break, debate on S. 397, Protection of Lawful Commerce in
Arms Act, is expected to last two or three days, and then
Senate leaders plan to take up an energy bill, an estate tax
reform bill and an Interior Department funding bill that has
a $1.5 billion bailout attached for veterans' health care
programs, leaving no time until September to get back to the
defense bill.
The House approved its version of the defense bill in May
and has been waiting for the Senate to catch up to begin
negotiations with the Bush administration on a final version.
Delay in the Senate is partly a result of senators spending
three weeks this spring debating federal judicial nominations
before reaching a compromise on President Bush's nominees.
It all points toward a difficult autumn. When the Senate
returns in September from its month-long summer recess, it
will need to consider recommendations of the Defense Base
Closure and Realignment Commission, due to finish its work by
Sept. 8, and begin deliberations on the nomination of John
Roberts to the Supreme Court vacancy left by retiring Justice
Sandra Day O'Connor.
ORDERS FOR FRIDAY, JULY 29, 2005
Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that when the
Senate completes its business today, it adjourn until 9 a.m. on Friday,
July 29; I further ask that following the prayer and pledge, the
morning hour be deemed expired, the Journal of proceedings be approved
to date, the time for the two leaders be reserved, and the Senate
proceed to the consideration of the conference report to accompany H.R.
2361, the Interior appropriations bill, as under the previous order. I
further ask that following the use or yielding back of the time on the
Interior conference report, it be temporarily set aside and the Senate
proceed to the conference report to accompany H.R. 2985, the
Legislative Branch appropriations bill, as under the previous order.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. FRIST. I further ask unanimous consent that the Senate then
resume consideration of the Energy conference report and there be 30
minutes equally divided for closing remarks between the chairman and
ranking member or their designees with all of the provisions of the
previous consent remaining.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
____________________