[Congressional Record Volume 151, Number 41 (Monday, April 11, 2005)]
[Senate]
[Pages S3416-S3420]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

      By Mr. BYRD (for himself, Mr. Jeffords, Mr. Kerry, and Mr. 
        Bingaman):
  S. 745. A bill to amend the Global Environmental Protection 
Assistance Act of 1989 to promote international clean energy 
development, to open and expand clean energy markets abroad, to engage 
developing nations in the advancement of sustainable energy use and 
climate change actions, and for other purposes; to the Committee on 
Foreign Relations.
  Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, today I am introducing the International 
Clean Energy Deployment and Global Energy Markets Investment Act of 
2005. This is a forward-thinking, made-in-America action plan that can 
serve as a building block that puts the right structure and mechanisms 
in place, mobilizes the necessary resources, and helps define the 
course we will have to take in order to better design the global energy 
system that will be built in coming decades. But let me also state up 
front what this legislation does not do. It is not intended to be a 
substitute for the need to seek globally binding climate change 
agreements that would include commitments from the largest industrial 
and developing country emitters of greenhouse gases. However, my 
legislation can serve as a meaningful first step to seriously engage 
developing countries in tackling the critical link between our mutual 
energy and climate change challenges. Additionally, such engagement can 
be a new cornerstone for the U.S. to demonstrate that we are committed 
to working with other nations on a broad range of international issues.
  We must start by honestly addressing several bottom line issues. We 
know that the world's population will likely grow by about 50 percent 
during this century, and those people, most of whom will live in 
developing nations, will be seeking the necessary resources to live. 
These nations will be growing rapidly and their requirements for energy 
will follow suit for the foreseeable future. But at the same time, we 
know that growth needs to be undertaken in as clean and efficient a 
manner as possible. When economies heat up so does energy use, 
greenhouse gas emissions, and that global change. How can any nation's 
economy continue to grow and provide good jobs in a way that does not 
undermine its environment and vice versa? How do we find ways to 
address these problems of mutual concern for our citizens and for their 
children and grandchildren? These issues matter as much in the United 
States as they do in places in China, India, Brazil, and Mexico.
  This legislation's journey began several years when I included, in 
the fiscal year 2001 Energy and Water Appropriations bill, language 
that called for a clean energy exports and market development strategic 
plan. The Bush administration sent that report to Congress in October 
2002. Since that time, I have been urging, cajoling, and pushing 
Federal agencies like the Department of State, Department of Energy, 
Department of Commerce, and the U.S. Agency for International 
Development to cooperate more and increase public/private efforts to 
help export U.S. clean energy technologies and open more of these 
markets abroad. It is now time to take the next step and introduce this 
legislation in order to expand upon that foundation.
  By taking this next step, I am suggesting that we must work together 
to develop a broad-based action plan that builds on American ingenuity, 
encourages the export of made-in-America clean energy technologies, 
helps advance developing country climate change engagement, increases 
international sustainable development, and strengthens interagency and 
public/private cooperation. The objectives of this legislation further 
include efforts to increase access to clean and reliable energy 
services, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, increase energy security, 
and integrate these goals in a manner that is consistent with U.S. 
foreign policy interests around the world. Finally, my legislation 
essentially codifies and enhances the administrative structure that has 
already been put in place.
  On a related but separate note, I am very aware that on February 16, 
2005, the Kyoto Protocol came into force. As the primary author of 
Senate Resolution 98, which passed unanimously in 1997, I worked to 
establish core principles which should be part of any future binding, 
international climate change agreement. Those principles were that a 
treaty should be cost effective and should include the participation of 
developing nations, especially the largest emitters. The Kyoto Protocol 
does not meet those principles for the United States.
  There have been widely varying interpretations of that resolution, 
especially by the Bush administration. The Byrd-Hagel resolution was 
intended to guide our Nation's role in international negotiations, not 
kill that effort. It was meant to strengthen the hand of

[[Page S3417]]

any administration as it sat at the international negotiating table, 
but this White House has used the Senate's vote as an excuse to totally 
abandon the negotiations and offer, instead, only hollow alternatives. 
Yet, it is the height of hypocrisy for the Bush administration to claim 
that it is defending that resolution's principles when, as a matter of 
fact, it has disregarded its very purpose.
  That Senate resolution directed that any climate change treaty 
include commitments for the developing world, like China and India, 
which will surpass the U.S. in greenhouse gas emissions by 2025. These 
commitments could lead to real reductions. An international treaty with 
binding commitments also could allow for developing countries' 
continued economic growth with relatively modest requirements at first, 
pacing upwards, with ultimate goals to be achieved over time.
  Moreover, given their expected economic growth and energy demands, 
developing nations are a primary market for clean energy technologies. 
But, this multi-billion dollar window of opportunity could close for 
the United States. With little pressure on developing countries to 
reduce or contain their emissions growth, these potentially enormous 
markets for clean energy technologies, made in the U.S., could slip 
away. Thus, my legislation can serve as a commonsense foot-in-the-door 
to help jump start efforts to seek fair and effective globally binding 
agreements in the future.
  Despite this, the President has clearly stated that the U.S. would 
only pursue voluntary measures both domestically and internationally, 
and he continues to follow that path despite the fact that no major 
environmental problem has ever been solved by a purely voluntary basis. 
Since retreating from the international forum, his own climate change 
program is a strong testament to prove that voluntary actions are not 
likely to result in any serious decrease in overall emissions. While 
global climate change is long-term problem, it does not mean that we 
can put off action indefinitely. If we wait for decades to take more 
significant actions, then more radical measures will likely be 
necessary.
  Additionally, I have long said that the U.S. needs a comprehensive, 
national energy strategy that has bipartisan support. A serious energy 
efficiency program, bolstered by the promotion of renewable energy and 
other clean home-grown energy sources, provides a compass point for a 
U.S. energy strategy. At its core, we must rely on our nation's 
domestic energy assets, especially coal. Coal must become a primary 
fuel source for new energy demands into the 21st century. However, to 
do so requires that we think differently about coal.
  It is a myth to say that the U.S. or other major nations like China 
and India will stop burning coal any time soon. Yet, we must begin to 
treat this plentiful resource like black gold and use it in a much 
cleaner and more efficient way. We must accelerate the deployment of 
commercial-scale technologies that move us away from simply burning 
coal toward the enhanced ability to transform coal into a variety of 
energy products. We can begin to meet this challenge by demonstrating 
and deploying advanced power generation, especially coal gasification 
and carbon sequestration technologies, as well as by producing 
synthetic fuels and, eventually, hydrogen for use in other sectors of 
the economy. This broad approach also requires sending strong and clear 
regulatory and market signals which can significantly reconcile 
numerous environmental and climate change concerns, stimulate 
technology deployment, and set the stage for coal into the future.
  The path that I am proposing here today goes far beyond the energy 
proposals that this White House has offered. Pursuing this course will 
take steadfast leadership, hard work, and American ingenuity to move 
forward in a responsible, balanced, and intelligent way. It is time for 
industry, labor, academic, environmental, and community interests to 
work with policymakers to find common ground. Commonsense market-based 
and regulatory approaches, emerging technology platforms, and new 
policy perspectives can bring these divergent groups together.
  I believe it is time to send the message that there will likely be a 
binding carbon management regime in place for the U.S. at some point in 
the future. It may not be in place tomorrow or the next day or even in 
the next 2 to 4 years. It may also be a modest approach initially, but 
it is on the horizon. We certainly cannot run until we have walked, and 
we cannot walk until we have taken a step. But we can no longer stand 
still forever. By acting boldly, we can champion a new energy and 
environmental legacy that will benefit all the world's citizens.
  With regard to my legislation's introduction today, our Nation must 
recognize the incredible impact that U.S. technologies and ideas can 
have in helping to meet other nations' energy needs in a more 
sustainable way. We must work to open and expand international markets 
for a range of U.S. clean energy technologies and simultaneously 
address global energy security, economic, trade, and environmental 
objectives.
  I thank you for this opportunity and hope this legislation will 
receive serious consideration. I urge Members to see this as a key 
component of the architecture that will be necessary if we ever hope to 
seriously tackle the tough energy and environment issues before us as 
well as a way to enhance our broader foreign policy and climate change 
efforts around the world.
  I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the 
Record.
  There being no objection, the bill was ordered to be printed in the 
Record, as follows:

                                 S. 745

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``International Clean Energy 
     Deployment and Global Energy Markets Investment Act of 
     2005''.

     SEC. 2. PURPOSES.

       The purposes of this Act are--
       (1) to strengthen the cooperation of the United States with 
     developing countries in addressing critical energy needs and 
     global climate change;
       (2) to promote sustainable economic development, increase 
     access to modern energy services, reduce greenhouse gas 
     emissions, and strengthen energy security and independence in 
     developing countries through the deployment of clean energy 
     technologies;
       (3) to facilitate the export of clean energy technologies 
     to developing countries;
       (4) to reduce the trade deficit of the United States 
     through the export of United States energy technologies and 
     technological expertise;
       (5) to retain and create manufacturing and related service 
     jobs in the United States;
       (6) to integrate the objectives described in paragraphs (1) 
     through (5) in a manner consistent with interests of the 
     United States, into the foreign policy of the United States;
       (7) to authorize funds for clean energy development 
     activities in developing countries; and
       (8) to ensure that activities funded under part C of title 
     VII of the Global Environmental Protection Assistance Act of 
     1989 (as added by section 3) contribute to economic growth, 
     poverty reduction, good governance, the rule of law, property 
     rights, and environmental protection.

     SEC. 3. CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING 
                   COUNTRIES.

       Title VII of the Global Environmental Protection Assistance 
     Act of 1989 (Public Law 101-240; 103 Stat. 2521) is amending 
     by adding at the end the following:

  ``PART C--CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

     ``SEC. 731. DEFINITIONS.

       ``In this part:
       ``(1) Clean energy technology.--The term `clean energy 
     technology' means an energy supply or end-use technology 
     that, over its lifecycle and compared to a similar technology 
     already in commercial use in any developing country--
       ``(A) is reliable, affordable, economically viable, 
     socially acceptable, and compatible with the needs and norms 
     of the host country;
       ``(B) results in--
       ``(i) reduced emissions of greenhouse gases; or
       ``(ii) increased geological sequestration; and
       ``(C) may--
       ``(i) substantially lower emissions of air pollutants; and
       ``(ii) generate substantially smaller or less hazardous 
     quantities of solid or liquid waste.
       ``(2) Department.--The term `Department' means the 
     Department of State.
       ``(3) Developing country.--
       ``(A) In general.--The term `developing country' means any 
     country not listed in Annex I of the United Nations Framework 
     Convention on Climate Change, done at New York on May 9, 
     1992.
       ``(B) Inclusion.--The term `developing country' may include 
     a country with an

[[Page S3418]]

     economy in transition, as determined by the Secretary.
       ``(4) Geological sequestration.--The term `geological 
     sequestration' means the capture and long-term storage in a 
     geological formation of a greenhouse gas from an energy 
     producing facility, which prevents the release of greenhouse 
     gases into the atmosphere.
       ``(5) Greenhouse gas.--The term `greenhouse gas' means--
       ``(A) carbon dioxide;
       ``(B) methane;
       ``(C) nitrous oxide;
       ``(D) hydrofluorocarbons;
       ``(E) perfluorocarbons; and
       ``(F) sulfur hexafluoride.
       ``(6) Institution of higher education.--The term 
     `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
     (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
       ``(7) Interagency working group.--The term `Interagency 
     Working Group' means the Interagency Working Group on Clean 
     Energy Technology Exports established under section 
     732(b)(1)(A).
       ``(8) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory' 
     means any of the following laboratories owned by the 
     Department of Energy:
       ``(A) Ames Laboratory.
       ``(B) Argonne National Laboratory.
       ``(C) Brookhaven National Laboratory.
       ``(D) Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory.
       ``(E) Idaho National Engineering and Environmental 
     Laboratory.
       ``(F) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
       ``(G) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
       ``(H) Los Alamos National Laboratory.
       ``(I) National Energy Technology Laboratory.
       ``(J) National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
       ``(K) Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
       ``(L) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
       ``(M) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory.
       ``(N) Sandia National Laboratories.
       ``(O) Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.
       ``(P) Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility.
       ``(9) Qualifying project.--The term `qualifying project' 
     means a project meeting the criteria established under 
     section 735(b).
       ``(10) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
     of State.
       ``(11) State.--The term `State' means--
       ``(A) a State;
       ``(B) the District of Columbia;
       ``(C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; and
       ``(D) any other territory or possession of the United 
     States.
       ``(12) Strategy.--The term `Strategy' means the strategy 
     established under section 733.
       ``(13) Task force.--The term `Task Force' means the Task 
     Force on International Clean Energy Cooperation established 
     under section 732(a).
       ``(14) United states.--The term `United States', when used 
     in a geographical sense, means all of the States.

     ``SEC. 732. ORGANIZATION.

       ``(a) Task Force.--
       ``(1) Establishment.--Not later than 90 days after the date 
     of enactment of this part, the President shall establish a 
     Task Force on International Clean Energy Cooperation.
       ``(2) Composition.--The Task Force shall be composed of--
       ``(A) the Secretary, who shall serve as Chairperson; and
       ``(B) representatives, appointed by the head of the 
     respective Federal agency, of--
       ``(i) the Department of Commerce;
       ``(ii) the Department of the Treasury;
       ``(iii) the Department of Energy;
       ``(iv) the Environmental Protection Agency;
       ``(v) the United States Agency for International 
     Development;
       ``(vi) the Export-Import Bank;
       ``(vii) the Overseas Private Investment Corporation;
       ``(viii) the Trade and Development Agency;
       ``(ix) the Small Business Administration;
       ``(x) the Office of United States Trade Representative; and
       ``(xi) other Federal agencies, as determined by the 
     President.
       ``(3) Duties.--
       ``(A) Lead agency.--The Task Force shall act as the lead 
     agency in the development and implementation of strategy 
     under section 733.
       ``(B) Coordination and implementation.--The Task Force 
     shall support the coordination and implementation of programs 
     under sections 1331, 1332, and 1608 of the Energy Policy Act 
     of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13361, 13362, 13387).
       ``(4) Termination.--The Task Force, including any working 
     group established by the Task Force, shall terminate on 
     January 1, 2016.
       ``(b) Working Groups.--
       ``(1) Establishment.--The Task Force--
       ``(A) shall establish an Interagency Working Group on Clean 
     Energy Technology Exports; and
       ``(B) may establish other working groups as necessary to 
     carry out this part.
       ``(2) Composition of interagency working group.--The 
     Interagency Working Group shall be composed of--
       ``(A) the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Commerce, 
     and the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
     International Development, who shall jointly serve as 
     Chairpersons; and
       ``(B) other members, as determined by the Task Force.
       ``(c) Interagency Center.--
       ``(1) Establishment.--There is established an Interagency 
     Center in the Office of International Energy Market 
     Development of the Department of Energy.
       ``(2) Duties.--The Interagency Center shall--
       ``(A) assist the Interagency Working Group in carrying out 
     this part; and
       ``(B) perform such other duties as are determined to be 
     appropriate by the Secretary of Energy.

     ``SEC. 733. STRATEGY.

       ``(a) Initial Strategy.--
       ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
     enactment of this part, the Task Force shall develop and 
     submit to the President a Strategy to--
       ``(A) support the development and implementation of 
     programs and policies in developing countries to promote the 
     adoption of clean energy technologies and energy efficiency 
     technologies and strategies, with an emphasis on those 
     developing countries that are expected to experience the most 
     significant growth in energy production and use over the next 
     20 years;
       ``(B) open and expand clean energy technology markets and 
     facilitate the export of clean energy technology to 
     developing countries, in a manner consistent with the subsidy 
     codes of the World Trade Organization;
       ``(C) integrate into the foreign policy objectives of the 
     United States the promotion of--
       ``(i) clean energy technology deployment and reduced 
     greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries; and
       ``(ii) clean energy technology exports;
       ``(D) establish a pilot program that provides financial 
     assistance for qualifying projects; and
       ``(E) develop financial mechanisms and instruments 
     (including securities that mitigate the political and foreign 
     exchange risks of uses that are consistent with the foreign 
     policy of the United States by combining the private sector 
     market and government enhancements) that--
       ``(i) are cost-effective; and
       ``(ii) facilitate private capital investment in clean 
     energy technology projects in developing countries.
       ``(2) Transmission to congress.--On receiving the Strategy 
     from the Task Force under paragraph (1), the President shall 
     transmit to Congress the Strategy.
       ``(b)  Updates.--
       ``(1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
     submission of the initial Strategy under subsection (a)(1), 
     and every 2 years thereafter--
       ``(A) the Task Force shall--
       ``(i) review and update the Strategy; and
       ``(ii) report the results of the review and update to the 
     President; and
       ``(B) the President shall submit to Congress a report on 
     the Strategy.
       ``(2) Inclusions.--The report shall include--
       ``(A) the updated Strategy;
       ``(B) a description of the assistance provided under this 
     part;
       ``(C) the results of the pilot projects carried out under 
     this part, including a comparative analysis of the relative 
     merits of each pilot project;
       ``(D) the activities and progress reported by developing 
     countries to the Department under section 736(b)(2); and
       ``(E) the activities and progress reported towards meeting 
     the goals established under section 736(b)(2).
       ``(c) Content.--In developing, updating, and submitting a 
     report on the Strategy, the Task Force shall--
       ``(1) assess--
       ``(A) energy trends, energy needs, and potential energy 
     resource bases in developing countries; and
       ``(B) the implications of the trends and needs for domestic 
     and global economic and security interests;
       ``(2) analyze technology, policy, and market opportunities 
     for international development, demonstration, and deployment 
     of clean energy technologies and strategies;
       ``(3) examine relevant trade, tax, finance, international, 
     and other policy issues to assess what policies, in the 
     United States and in developing countries, would help open 
     markets and improve clean energy technology exports of the 
     United States in support of--
       ``(A) enhancing energy innovation and cooperation, 
     including energy sector and market reform, capacity building, 
     and financing measures;
       ``(B) improving energy end-use efficiency technologies 
     (including buildings and facilities) and vehicle, industrial, 
     and co-generation technology initiatives; and
       ``(C) promoting energy supply technologies, including 
     fossil, nuclear, and renewable technology initiatives;
       ``(4) investigate issues associated with building capacity 
     to deploy clean energy technology in developing countries, 
     including--
       ``(A) energy-sector reform;
       ``(B) creation of open, transparent, and competitive 
     markets for clean energy technologies;
       ``(C) the availability of trained personnel to deploy and 
     maintain clean energy technology; and

[[Page S3419]]

       ``(D) demonstration and cost-buydown mechanisms to promote 
     first adoption of clean energy technology;
       ``(5) establish priorities for promoting the diffusion and 
     adoption of clean energy technologies and strategies in 
     developing countries, taking into account economic and 
     security interests of the United States and opportunities for 
     the export of technology of the United States;
       ``(6) identify the means of integrating the priorities 
     established under paragraph (5) into bilateral, multilateral, 
     and assistance activities and commitments of the United 
     States;
       ``(7) establish methodologies for the measurement, 
     monitoring, verification, and reporting under section 
     736(b)(2) of the greenhouse gas emission impacts of clean 
     energy projects and policies in developing countries;
       ``(8) establish a registry that is accessible to the public 
     through electronic means (including through the Internet) in 
     which information reported under section 736(b)(2) shall be 
     collected;
       ``(9) make recommendations to the heads of appropriate 
     Federal agencies on ways to streamline Federal programs and 
     policies to improve the role of the agencies in the 
     international development, demonstration, and deployment of 
     clean energy technology;
       ``(10) make assessments and recommendations regarding the 
     distinct technological, market, regional, and stakeholder 
     challenges necessary to deploy clean energy technology;
       ``(11) recommend conditions and criteria that will help 
     ensure that funds provided by the United States promote sound 
     energy policies in developing countries while simultaneously 
     opening their markets and exporting clean energy technology 
     of the United States;
       ``(12) establish an advisory committee, composed of 
     representatives of the private sector and other interested 
     groups, on the export and deployment of clean energy 
     technology;
       ``(13) establish a coordinated mechanism for disseminating 
     information to the private sector and the public on clean 
     energy technologies and clean energy technology transfer 
     opportunities; and
       ``(14) monitor the progress of each Federal agency in 
     promoting the purposes of this part, in accordance with--
       ``(A) the 5-year strategic plan submitted to Congress in 
     October 2002; and
       ``(B) other applicable law.

     ``SEC. 734. CLEAN ENERGY ASSISTANCE TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.

       ``(a) In General.--Subject to section 736, the Secretary 
     may provide assistance to developing countries for activities 
     that are consistent with the priorities established in the 
     Strategy.
       ``(b) Assistance.--The assistance may be provided through--
       ``(1) the Millennium Challenge Corporation established 
     under section 604(a) of the Millennium Challenge Act of 2003 
     (22 U.S.C. 7703(a));
       ``(2) the Global Village Energy Partnership; and
       ``(3) other international assistance programs or activities 
     of--
       ``(A) the Department;
       ``(B) the United States Agency for International 
     Development; and
       ``(C) other Federal agencies.
       ``(c) Eligible Activities.--The activities supported under 
     this section include--
       ``(1) development of national action plans and policies 
     to--
       ``(A) facilitate the provision of clean energy services and 
     the adoption of energy efficiency measures;
       ``(B) identify linkages between the use of clean energy 
     technologies and the provision of agricultural, 
     transportation, water, health, educational, and other 
     development-related services; and
       ``(C) integrate the use of clean energy technologies into 
     national strategies for economic growth, poverty reduction, 
     and sustainable development;
       ``(2) strengthening of public and private sector capacity 
     to--
       ``(A) assess clean energy needs and options;
       ``(B) identify opportunities to reduce, avoid, or sequester 
     greenhouse gas emissions;
       ``(C) establish enabling policy frameworks;
       ``(D) develop and access financing mechanisms; and
       ``(E) monitor progress in implementing clean energy and 
     greenhouse gas reduction strategies;
       ``(3) enactment and implementation of market-favoring 
     measures to promote commercial-based energy service provision 
     and to improve the governance, efficiency, and financial 
     performance of the energy sector; and
       ``(4) development and use of innovative public and private 
     mechanisms to catalyze and leverage financing for clean 
     energy technologies, including use of the development credit 
     authority of the United States Agency for International 
     Development and credit enhancements through the Export-Import 
     Bank and the Overseas Private Investment Corporation.

     ``SEC. 735. PILOT PROGRAM FOR DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.

       ``(a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
     enactment of this part, the Secretary, in consultation with 
     the Secretary of Energy and the Administrator of the United 
     States Agency for International Development, shall, by 
     regulation, establish a pilot program that provides financial 
     assistance for qualifying projects consistent with the 
     Strategy and the performance criteria established under 
     section 736.
       ``(b) Qualifying Projects.--To be qualified to receive 
     assistance under this section, a project shall--
       ``(1) be a project--
       ``(A) to construct an energy production facility in a 
     developing country for the production of energy to be 
     consumed in the developing country; or
       ``(B) to improve the efficiency of energy use in a 
     developing country;
       ``(2) be a project that--
       ``(A) is submitted by a firm of the United States to the 
     Secretary in accordance with procedures established by the 
     Secretary by regulation;
       ``(B) meets the requirements of section 1608(k) of the 
     Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13387(k));
       ``(C) uses technology that has been successfully developed 
     or deployed in the United States; and
       ``(D) is selected by the Secretary without regard to the 
     developing country in which the project is located, with 
     notice of the selection published in the Federal Register; 
     and
       ``(3) when deployed, result in a greenhouse gas emission 
     reduction (when compared to the technology that would 
     otherwise be deployed) of at least--
       ``(A) in the case of a unit or energy-efficiency measure 
     placed in service during the period beginning on the date of 
     enactment of this part and ending on December 31, 2009, 20 
     percentage points;
       ``(B) in the case of a unit or energy-efficiency measure 
     placed in service during the period beginning on January 1, 
     2010, and ending on December 31, 2019, 40 percentage points; 
     and
       ``(C) in the case of a unit or energy-efficiency measure 
     placed in service after December 31, 2019, 60 percentage 
     points.
       ``(c) Financial Assistance.--
       ``(1) In general.--For each qualifying project selected by 
     the Secretary to participate in the pilot program, the 
     Secretary shall make a loan or loan guarantee available for 
     not more than 50 percent of the total cost of the project.
       ``(2) Interest rate.--The interest rate on a loan made 
     under this subsection shall be equal to the current average 
     yield on outstanding obligations of the United States with 
     remaining periods of maturity comparable to the maturity of 
     the loan.
       ``(3) Host country contribution.--To be eligible for a loan 
     or loan guarantee for a project in a host country under this 
     subsection, the host country shall--
       ``(A) make at least a 10 percent contribution toward the 
     total cost of the project; and
       ``(B) verify to the Secretary (using the methodology 
     established under section 733(c)(7)) the quantity of annual 
     greenhouse gas emissions reduced, avoided, or sequestered as 
     a result of the deployment of the project.
       ``(4) Capacity building research.--
       ``(A) In general.--A proposal made for a qualifying project 
     may include a research component intended to build 
     technological capacity within the host country.
       ``(B) Research.--To be eligible for a loan or loan 
     guarantee under this paragraph, the research shall--
       ``(i) be related to the technology being deployed; and
       ``(ii) involve--

       ``(I) an institution in the host country; and
       ``(II) a participant from the United States that is an 
     industrial entity, an institution of higher education, or a 
     National Laboratory.

       ``(C) Host country contribution.--To be eligible for a loan 
     or loan guarantee for research in a host country under this 
     paragraph, the host country shall make at least a 50 percent 
     contribution toward the total cost of the research.
       ``(5) Grants.--
       ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
     Secretary of Energy and the Administrator of the United 
     States Agency for International Development, may, at the 
     request of the United States ambassador to a host country, 
     make grants to help address and overcome specific, urgent, 
     and unforeseen obstacles in the implementation of a 
     qualifying project.
       ``(B) Maximum amount.--The total amount of a grant made for 
     a qualifying project under this paragraph may not exceed 
     $1,000,000.

     ``SEC. 736. PERFORMANCE CRITERIA FOR MAJOR ENERGY CONSUMERS.

       ``(a) Identification of Major Energy Consumers.--Not later 
     than 1 year after the date of enactment of this part, the 
     Task Force shall identify those developing countries that, by 
     virtue of present and projected energy consumption, represent 
     the predominant share of energy use among developing 
     countries.
       ``(b) Performance Criteria.--As a condition of accepting 
     assistance provided under sections 734 and 735, any 
     developing country identified under subsection (a) shall--
       ``(1) meet the eligibility criteria established under 
     section 607 of the Millennium Challenge Act of 2003 (22 
     U.S.C. 7706), notwithstanding the eligibility of the 
     developing country as a candidate country under section 606 
     of that Act (22 U.S.C. 7705); and
       ``(2) agree to establish and report on progress in meeting 
     specific goals for reduced energy-related greenhouse gas 
     emissions and specific goals for--

[[Page S3420]]

       ``(A) increased access to clean energy services among 
     unserved and underserved populations;
       ``(B) increased use of renewable energy resources;
       ``(C) increased use of lower greenhouse gas-emitting fossil 
     fuel-burning technologies;
       ``(D) more efficient production and use of energy;
       ``(E) greater reliance on advanced energy technologies;
       ``(F) the sustainable use of traditional energy resources; 
     or
       ``(G) other goals for improving energy-related 
     environmental performance, including the reduction or 
     avoidance of local air and water quality and solid waste 
     contaminants.

     ``SEC. 737. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       ``There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are 
     necessary to carry out this part for each of fiscal years 
     2006 through 2015.''.
                                 ______